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Královič-Kanjaková N, Asi Shirazi A, Hubčík L, Klacsová M, Keshavarzi A, Martínez JC, Combet S, Teixeira J, Uhríková D. Polymyxin B-Enriched Exogenous Lung Surfactant: Thermodynamics and Structure. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2024; 40:6847-6861. [PMID: 38501650 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.3c03746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/20/2024]
Abstract
The use of an exogenous pulmonary surfactant (EPS) to deliver other relevant drugs to the lungs is a promising strategy for combined therapy. We evaluated the interaction of polymyxin B (PxB) with a clinically used EPS, the poractant alfa Curosurf (PSUR). The effect of PxB on the protein-free model system (MS) composed of four phospholipids (diC16:0PC/16:0-18:1PC/16:0-18:2PC/16:0-18:1PG) was examined in parallel to distinguish the specificity of the composition of PSUR. We used several experimental techniques (differential scanning calorimetry, small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering, small-angle neutron scattering, fluorescence spectroscopy, and electrophoretic light scattering) to characterize the binding of PxB to both EPS. Electrostatic interactions PxB-EPS are dominant. The results obtained support the concept of cationic PxB molecules lying on the surface of the PSUR bilayer, strengthening the multilamellar structure of PSUR as derived from SAXS and SANS. A protein-free MS mimics a natural EPS well but was found to be less resistant to penetration of PxB into the lipid bilayer. PxB does not affect the gel-to-fluid phase transition temperature, Tm, of PSUR, while Tm increased by ∼+ 2 °C in MS. The decrease of the thickness of the lipid bilayer (dL) of PSUR upon PxB binding is negligible. The hydrophobic tail of the PxB molecule does not penetrate the bilayer as derived from SANS data analysis and changes in lateral pressure monitored by excimer fluorescence at two depths of the hydrophobic region of the bilayer. Changes in dL of protein-free MS show a biphasic dependence on the adsorbed amount of PxB with a minimum close to the point of electroneutrality of the mixture. Our results do not discourage the concept of a combined treatment with PxB-enriched Curosurf. However, the amount of PxB must be carefully assessed (less than 5 wt % relative to the mass of the surfactant) to avoid inversion of the surface charge of the membrane.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nina Královič-Kanjaková
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ali Asi Shirazi
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Lukáš Hubčík
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Klacsová
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Atoosa Keshavarzi
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - Sophie Combet
- Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin (LLB), UMR12 CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - José Teixeira
- Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin (LLB), UMR12 CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Daniela Uhríková
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Keshavarzi A, Asi Shirazi A, Korfanta R, Královič N, Klacsová M, Martínez JC, Teixeira J, Combet S, Uhríková D. Thermodynamic and Structural Study of Budesonide-Exogenous Lung Surfactant System. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2990. [PMID: 38474237 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Revised: 02/22/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
The clinical benefits of using exogenous pulmonary surfactant (EPS) as a carrier of budesonide (BUD), a non-halogenated corticosteroid with a broad anti-inflammatory effect, have been established. Using various experimental techniques (differential scanning calorimetry DSC, small- and wide- angle X-ray scattering SAXS/WAXS, small- angle neutron scattering SANS, fluorescence spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering DLS, and zeta potential), we investigated the effect of BUD on the thermodynamics and structure of the clinically used EPS, Curosurf®. We show that BUD facilitates the Curosurf® phase transition from the gel to the fluid state, resulting in a decrease in the temperature of the main phase transition (Tm) and enthalpy (ΔH). The morphology of the Curosurf® dispersion is maintained for BUD < 10 wt% of the Curosurf® mass; BUD slightly increases the repeat distance d of the fluid lamellar phase in multilamellar vesicles (MLVs) resulting from the thickening of the lipid bilayer. The bilayer thickening (~0.23 nm) was derived from SANS data. The presence of ~2 mmol/L of Ca2+ maintains the effect and structure of the MLVs. The changes in the lateral pressure of the Curosurf® bilayer revealed that the intercalated BUD between the acyl chains of the surfactant's lipid molecules resides deeper in the hydrophobic region when its content exceeds ~6 wt%. Our studies support the concept of a combined therapy utilising budesonide-enriched Curosurf®.
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Affiliation(s)
- Atoosa Keshavarzi
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Ali Asi Shirazi
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Rastislav Korfanta
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Nina Královič
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | - Mária Klacsová
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
| | | | - José Teixeira
- Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin (LLB), UMR12 CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Sophie Combet
- Laboratoire Léon-Brillouin (LLB), UMR12 CEA, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, F-91191 Gif-sur-Yvette CEDEX, France
| | - Daniela Uhríková
- Department of Physical Chemistry of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Comenius University Bratislava, Odbojárov 10, 832 32 Bratislava, Slovakia
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Ciutara CO, Iasella SV, Huang B, Barman S, Zasadzinski JA. Evolution of interfacial mechanics of lung surfactant mimics progression of acute respiratory distress syndrome. Proc Natl Acad Sci U S A 2023; 120:e2309900120. [PMID: 38085774 PMCID: PMC10743378 DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2309900120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
How acute respiratory distress syndrome progresses from underlying disease or trauma is poorly understood, and there are no generally accepted treatments resulting in a 40% mortality rate. However, during the inflammation that accompanies this disease, the phospholipase A2 concentration increases in the alveolar fluids leading to the hydrolysis of bacterial, viral, and lung surfactant phospholipids into soluble lysolipids. We show that if the lysolipid concentration in the subphase reaches or exceeds its critical micelle concentration, the surface tension, γ, of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) or Curosurf monolayers increases and the dilatational modulus, [Formula: see text], decreases to that of a pure lysolipid interface. This is consistent with DPPC being solubilized in lysolipid micelles and being replaced by lysolipid at the interface. These changes lead to [Formula: see text] which is the criterion for the Laplace instability that can lead to mechanical instabilities during lung inflation, potentially causing alveolar collapse. These findings provide a mechanism behind the alveolar collapse and uneven lung inflation during ARDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Clara O. Ciutara
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Steven V. Iasella
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Boxun Huang
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Sourav Barman
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
| | - Joseph A. Zasadzinski
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, MN55455
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Cimato A, Facorro G, Repetto M, Martínez Sarrasague M. New technique to quantify phospolipids in disordered phase in lung surfactant by electron spin resonance. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2023; 316:104116. [PMID: 37460078 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2023.104116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2023] [Revised: 06/28/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023]
Abstract
In pulmonary surfactant (PS) the coexistence of the ordered (Lo) and disordered (Ld) lipid phases would be essential for an optimal activity. Electron spin resonance (ESR) of PS labeled with 5-doxil stearic acid shows two spectral components called S and W. S/W ratio could be understood as the ratio between the probe population in Lo and in Ld. Although the specificity of S/W as an indicator of Lo/Ld has not yet been demonstrated, S/W has been used qualitatively to study changes in Lo/Ld. The goal of this paper is to stablish the correlation between S/W parameter and the amount of lipids in Ld (%Ld) measured by the ESR TEMPO technique described in our previous work. S/W and %Ld were measured in different PS samples under different experimental conditions. The results showed an inverse correlation between S/W and %Ld (r = -0.983; p < 0.001). We demonstrated that the S/W is sensible to the changes of Lo/Ld and can be used to quantify the %Ld.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Cimato
- Cátedra de Física, Departamento de Fisicomatemática, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Graciela Facorro
- Cátedra de Física, Departamento de Fisicomatemática, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Marisa Repetto
- Cátedra de Química General e Inorgánica, Departamento de Química Analítica y Fisicoquímica, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Margarita Martínez Sarrasague
- Cátedra de Física, Departamento de Fisicomatemática, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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Khudadah K, Ramadan A, Othman A, Refaey N, Elrosasy A, Rezkallah A, Heseba T, Moawad M, Mektebi A, Elejla S, Abouzid M, Abdelazeem B. Surfactant replacement therapy as promising treatment for COVID-19: an updated narrative review. Biosci Rep 2023; 43:BSR20230504. [PMID: 37497603 PMCID: PMC10412525 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20230504] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 07/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Patients with COVID-19 exhibit similar symptoms to neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. SARS-CoV-2 spike protein has been shown to target alveolar type 2 lung cells which synthesize and secrete endogenous surfactants leading to acute respiratory distress syndrome in some patients. This was proven by post-mortem histopathological findings revealing desquamated alveolar type 2 cells. Surfactant use in patients with COVID-19 respiratory distress syndrome results in marked improvement in respiratory parameters but not mortality which needs further clinical trials comparing surfactant formulas and modes of administration to decrease the mortality. In addition, surfactants could be a promising vehicle for specific drug delivery as a liposomal carrier, which requires more and more challenging efforts. In this review, we highlight the current reviews and two clinical trials on exogenous surfactant therapy in COVID-19-associated respiratory distress in adults, and how surfactant could be a promising drug to help fight the COVID-19 infection.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alaa Ramadan
- Faculty of Medicine, South Valley University, Qena, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Othman
- Kuwait Oil Company Ahmadi Hospital, Al Ahmadi, Kuwait
| | - Neveen Refaey
- Women’s Health department, Faculty of Physical Therapy, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amr Elrosasy
- Faculty of Medicine, Cairo University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Ayoub Rezkallah
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Algeirs, Algeirs, Algeria
- Department of Hematology Laboratory and Blood Transfusion, Hospital Center University Lamine Debaghine, Algeirs, Algeria
| | - Toka Heseba
- Faculty of Medicine, Assuit University, Assuit, Egypt
| | - Mostafa Hossam El Din Moawad
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Clinical Department, Alexandria University, Egypt
- Faculty of Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia, Egypt
| | - Ammar Mektebi
- Faculty of Medicine, Kutahya Health Sciences University, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Sewar A Elejla
- Faculty of Medicine, Alquds University, Jerusalem, Palestine
| | - Mohamed Abouzid
- Department of Physical Pharmacy and Pharmacokinetics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, Rokietnicka 3 St., 60-806 Poznan, Poland
- Doctoral School, Poznan University of Medical Sciences, 60-812 Poznan, Poland
| | - Basel Abdelazeem
- McLaren Health Care, Flint, Michigan, U.S.A
- Michigan State University, East Lansing, Michigan, U.S.A
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Li G, Xu X, Zuo YY. Phase transitions of the pulmonary surfactant film at the perfluorocarbon-water interface. Biophys J 2023; 122:1772-1780. [PMID: 37041745 PMCID: PMC10209028 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2023.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Revised: 03/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a lipid-protein complex that forms a thin film at the air-water surface of the lungs. This surfactant film defines the elastic recoil and respiratory mechanics of the lungs. One generally accepted rationale of using oxygenated perfluorocarbon (PFC) as a respiratory medium in liquid ventilation is to take advantage of its low surface tensions (14-18 mN/m), which was believed to make PFC an ideal replacement of the exogenous surfactant. Compared with the extensive studies of the phospholipid phase behavior of the pulmonary surfactant film at the air-water surface, its phase behavior at the PFC-water interface is essentially unknown. Here, we reported the first detailed biophysical study of phospholipid phase transitions in two animal-derived natural pulmonary surfactant films, Infasurf and Survanta, at the PFC-water interface using constrained drop surfactometry. Constrained drop surfactometry allows in situ Langmuir-Blodgett transfer from the PFC-water interface, thus permitting direct visualization of lipid polymorphism in pulmonary surfactant films using atomic force microscopy. Our data suggested that regardless of its low surface tension, the PFC cannot be used as a replacement of pulmonary surfactant in liquid ventilation where the air-water surface of the lungs is replaced with the PFC-water interface that features an intrinsically high interfacial tension. The pulmonary surfactant film at the PFC-water interface undergoes continuous phase transitions at surface pressures less than the equilibrium spreading pressure of 50 mN/m and a monolayer-to-multilayer transition above this critical pressure. These results provided not only novel biophysical insight into the phase behavior of natural pulmonary surfactant at the oil-water interface but also translational implications into the further development of liquid ventilation and liquid breathing techniques.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guangle Li
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Xiaojie Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Yi Y Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii, Honolulu, Hawaii.
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Aerosol-Cell Exposure System Applied to Semi-Adherent Cells for Aerosolization of Lung Surfactant and Nanoparticles Followed by High Quality RNA Extraction. NANOMATERIALS 2022; 12:nano12081362. [PMID: 35458071 PMCID: PMC9028274 DOI: 10.3390/nano12081362] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle toxicity assessments have moved closer to physiological conditions while trying to avoid the use of animal models. An example of new in vitro exposure techniques developed is the exposure of cultured cells at the air-liquid interface (ALI), particularly in the case of respiratory airways. While the commercially available VITROCELL® Cloud System has been applied for the delivery of aerosolized substances to adherent cells under ALI conditions, it has not yet been tested on lung surfactant and semi-adherent cells such as alveolar macrophages, which are playing a pivotal role in the nanoparticle-induced immune response. OBJECTIVES In this work, we developed a comprehensive methodology for coating semi-adherent lung cells cultured at the ALI with aerosolized surfactant and subsequent dose-controlled exposure to nanoparticles (NPs). This protocol is optimized for subsequent transcriptomic studies. METHODS Semi-adherent rat alveolar macrophages NR8383 were grown at the ALI and coated with lung surfactant through nebulization using the VITROCELL® Cloud 6 System before being exposed to TiO2 NM105 NPs. After NP exposures, RNA was extracted and its quantity and quality were measured. RESULTS The VITROCELL® Cloud system allowed for uniform and ultrathin coating of cells with aerosolized surfactant mimicking physiological conditions in the lung. While nebulization of 57 μL of 30 mg/mL TiO2 and 114 μL of 15 mg/mL TiO2 nanoparticles yielded identical cell delivered dose, the reproducibility of dose as well as the quality of RNA extracted were better for 114 μL.
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A recipe for a good clinical pulmonary surfactant. Biomed J 2022; 45:615-628. [PMID: 35272060 PMCID: PMC9486245 DOI: 10.1016/j.bj.2022.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
The lives of thousands premature babies have been saved along the last thirty years thanks to the establishment and consolidation of pulmonary surfactant replacement therapies (SRT). It took some time to close the gap between the identification of the biophysical and molecular causes of the high mortality associated with respiratory distress syndrome in very premature babies and the development of a proper therapy. Closing the gap required the elucidation of some key questions defining the structure–function relationships in surfactant as well as the particular role of the different molecular components assembled into the surfactant system. On the other hand, the application of SRT as part of treatments targeting other devastating respiratory pathologies, in babies and adults, is depending on further extensive research still required before enough amounts of good humanized clinical surfactants will be available. This review summarizes our current concepts on the compositional and structural determinants defining pulmonary surfactant activity, the principles behind the development of efficient natural animal-derived or recombinant or synthetic therapeutic surfactants, as well as a the most promising lines of research that are already opening new perspectives in the application of tailored surfactant therapies to treat important yet unresolved respiratory pathologies.
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Yalaz M, Tanriverdi S, Uygur Ö, Altun Köroğlu Ö, Azarsiz E, Aksu G, Kültürsay N. Early Immunomodulatory Effects of Different Natural Surfactant Preparations in Preterms With Respiratory Distress. Front Pediatr 2022; 10:845780. [PMID: 35372166 PMCID: PMC8971705 DOI: 10.3389/fped.2022.845780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2021] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Respiratory distress syndrome (RDS) is the most common respiratory disease in premature infants. Exogenous natural surfactant preparations are used in the treatment of RDS. In recent years, it has become increasingly evident that surfactant plays an immunoregulatory role. OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to evaluate cytokine and chemokine response following three different regimens of natural surfactant treatment in preterm newborns with RDS. METHODS Premature newborns below 32 weeks of gestation who were intubated for RDS and given early surfactant rescue therapy were included in the study. Newborns were randomly divided into three groups and Beractant 100 mg/kg (B-100), Poractant alfa 100 mg/kg (Pα-100) and Poractant alfa 200 mg/kg (Pα-200) were administered intratracheally. Blood samples and transtracheal aspirates (TA) were collected just before and 4-6 h after the surfactant treatment. Total eosinophil count, inducible T Cell alpha chemoattractant (ITaC), macrophage inflammatory protein 3 beta (MIP3b), interleukins (IL) 5, 8, 9, 10, 13, immunoglobulin E (IgE), interferon gamma (IFN-γ), eotaxin and tumor necrosis factor beta-1 (TGF-β1) were measured from blood and tracheal aspirate samples. RESULTS A total of 45 infants, 15 in each group, were included in the study. Mean gestational age, birth weight, antenatal, demographic and clinical characteristics of the study groups were similar. IFNγ concentration and eosinophil counts in TA decreased after surfactant replacement in all groups, especially in the infants treated with Pα-100 and Pα-200. Eotaxin, TGF beta and IL-8 concentrations in TA increased significantly in the infants treated with Pα-100 and Pα-200. IL-9 levels in TA decreased in the B-100 group but increased in the Pα-100 and Pα-200 groups. Blood levels of cytokines and chemokines showed significantly decreased levels of ITaC and MIP3b only in the B-100 group, but no significant change was observed in the Pα-100 and Pα-200 groups. CONCLUSION In our study, the different immunomodulatory effects of natural surfactant preparations on newborn lung is proven. We found that Poractant α, one of the natural surfactant preparations, shifted the lung immune system toward TH2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Yalaz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Sema Tanriverdi
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Manisa Celal Bayar University Medical School, Manisa, Turkey
| | - Özgün Uygur
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Izmir Tepecik Training and Research Hospital, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Özge Altun Köroğlu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Elif Azarsiz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Guzide Aksu
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Immunology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
| | - Nilgün Kültürsay
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Neonatology, Ege University Medical School, Izmir, Turkey
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Herman L, De Smedt SC, Raemdonck K. Pulmonary surfactant as a versatile biomaterial to fight COVID-19. J Control Release 2021; 342:170-188. [PMID: 34813878 PMCID: PMC8605818 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.11.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2021] [Revised: 11/13/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic has wielded an enormous pressure on global health care systems, economics and politics. Ongoing vaccination campaigns effectively attenuate viral spreading, leading to a reduction of infected individuals, hospitalizations and mortality. Nevertheless, the development of safe and effective vaccines as well as their global deployment is time-consuming and challenging. In addition, such preventive measures have no effect on already infected individuals and can show reduced efficacy against SARS-CoV-2 variants that escape vaccine-induced host immune responses. Therefore, it is crucial to continue the development of specific COVID-19 targeting therapeutics, including small molecular drugs, antibodies and nucleic acids. However, despite clear advantages of local drug delivery to the lung, inhalation therapy of such antivirals remains difficult. This review aims to highlight the potential of pulmonary surfactant (PS) in the treatment of COVID-19. Since SARS-CoV-2 infection can progress to COVID-19-related acute respiratory distress syndrome (CARDS), which is associated with PS deficiency and inflammation, replacement therapy with exogenous surfactant can be considered to counter lung dysfunction. In addition, due to its surface-active properties and membrane-interaction potential, PS can be repurposed to enhance drug spreading along the respiratory epithelium and to promote intracellular drug delivery. By merging these beneficial features, PS can be regarded as a versatile biomaterial to combat respiratory infections, in particular COVID-19.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lore Herman
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Koen Raemdonck
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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Gravel-Tatta L, DeWolf C, Badia A. Are Plant-Based Carbohydrate Nanoparticles Safe for Inhalation? Investigating Their Interactions with the Pulmonary Surfactant Using Langmuir Monolayers. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2021; 37:12365-12376. [PMID: 34644076 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.1c01906] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Nanoparticle carriers show promise for drug delivery, including by inhalation, where the first barrier for uptake in the lungs is the monolayer pulmonary surfactant membrane that coats the air/alveoli interface and is critical to breathing. It is imperative to establish the fate of potential nanocarriers and their effects on the biophysical properties of the pulmonary surfactant. To this end, the impact of the nanoparticle surface charge on the lateral organization, thickness, and recompressibility of Langmuir monolayers of model phospholipid-only and phospholipid-protein mixtures was investigated using native and modified forms of nanophytoglycogen, a carbohydrate-based dendritic polymer extracted from corn as monodisperse nanoparticles. We show that the native (quasi-neutral) and anionic nanophytoglycogens have little impact on the phase behavior and film properties. By contrast, cationic nanophytoglycogen alters the film morphology and increases the hysteresis associated with the work of breathing due to its electrostatic interaction with the anionic phospholipids in the model systems. These findings specifically highlight the importance of surface charge as a selection criterion for inhaled nanoformulations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laurianne Gravel-Tatta
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- FRQNT Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels-Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Christine DeWolf
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry and Centre for NanoScience Research, Concordia University, 7141 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec H4B 1R6, Canada
- FRQNT Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels-Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
| | - Antonella Badia
- Département de Chimie, Université de Montréal, Complexe des Sciences, C.P. 6128, Succursale Centre-ville, Montréal, Quebec H3C 3J7, Canada
- FRQNT Centre Québécois sur les Matériaux Fonctionnels-Quebec Centre for Advanced Materials, McGill University, 845 Sherbrooke Street West, Montréal, Quebec H3A 0G4, Canada
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Huck B, Hidalgo A, Waldow F, Schwudke D, Gaede KI, Feldmann C, Carius P, Autilio C, Pérez-Gil J, Schwarzkopf K, Murgia X, Loretz B, Lehr CM. Systematic Analysis of Composition, Interfacial Performance and Effects of Pulmonary Surfactant Preparations on Cellular Uptake and Cytotoxicity of Aerosolized Nanomaterials. SMALL SCIENCE 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/smsc.202100067] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Benedikt Huck
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Department of Drug Delivery Saarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrucken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Campus E8 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Alberto Hidalgo
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Department of Drug Delivery Saarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrucken Germany
| | - Franziska Waldow
- Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center Parkallee 1-40 23845 Borstel Germany
- German Center for Infection Research Thematic Translational Unit Tuberculosis Site Research Center Borstel Parkallee 1-40 23845 Borstel Germany
| | - Dominik Schwudke
- Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center Parkallee 1-40 23845 Borstel Germany
- German Center for Infection Research Thematic Translational Unit Tuberculosis Site Research Center Borstel Parkallee 1-40 23845 Borstel Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN) Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center Site Research Center Borstel Parkallee 1-40 Borstel 23845 Germany
| | - Karoline I. Gaede
- BioMaterialBank Nord, Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center Parkallee 35 23845 Borstel Germany
- German Center for Lung Research (DZL), Airway Research Center North (ARCN) Research Center Borstel Leibniz Lung Center Site Research Center Borstel Parkallee 1-40 Borstel 23845 Germany
| | - Claus Feldmann
- Institute of Inorganic Chemistry Karlsruhe Institute of Technology 76131 Karlsruhe Germany
| | - Patrick Carius
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Department of Drug Delivery Saarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrucken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Campus E8 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Chiara Autilio
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute “Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)” Complutense University 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Jesus Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute “Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)” Complutense University 28040 Madrid Spain
| | - Konrad Schwarzkopf
- Klinikum Saarbrücken Department of Anaesthesia and Intensive Care 66119 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Xabier Murgia
- Biotechnology Area GAIKER Technology Centre 48170 Zamudio Spain
| | - Brigitta Loretz
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Department of Drug Delivery Saarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrucken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Campus E8 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland, Department of Drug Delivery Saarland University Campus E8.1 66123 Saarbrucken Germany
- Department of Pharmacy Saarland University Campus E8 1 66123 Saarbrücken Germany
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13
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Pioselli B, Salomone F, Mazzola G, Amidani D, Sgarbi E, Amadei F, Murgia X, Catinella S, Villetti G, De Luca D, Carnielli V, Civelli M. Pulmonary surfactant: a unique biomaterial with life-saving therapeutic applications. Curr Med Chem 2021; 29:526-590. [PMID: 34525915 DOI: 10.2174/0929867328666210825110421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2021] [Revised: 06/26/2021] [Accepted: 06/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a complex lipoprotein mixture secreted into the alveolar lumen by type 2 pneumocytes, which is composed by tens of different lipids (approximately 90% of its entire mass) and surfactant proteins (approximately 10% of the mass). It is crucially involved in maintaining lung homeostasis by reducing the values of alveolar liquid surface tension close to zero at end-expiration, thereby avoiding the alveolar collapse, and assembling a chemical and physical barrier against inhaled pathogens. A deficient amount of surfactant or its functional inactivation is directly linked to a wide range of lung pathologies, including the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome. This paper reviews the main biophysical concepts of surfactant activity and its inactivation mechanisms, and describes the past, present and future roles of surfactant replacement therapy, focusing on the exogenous surfactant preparations marketed worldwide and new formulations under development. The closing section describes the pulmonary surfactant in the context of drug delivery. Thanks to its peculiar composition, biocompatibility, and alveolar spreading capability, the surfactant may work not only as a shuttle to the branched anatomy of the lung for other drugs but also as a modulator for their release, opening to innovative therapeutic avenues for the treatment of several respiratory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Elisa Sgarbi
- Preclinical R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici, Parma. Italy
| | | | - Xabi Murgia
- Department of Biotechnology, GAIKER Technology Centre, Zamudio. Spain
| | | | | | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Antoine Béclère Medical Center, APHP, South Paris University Hospitals, Paris, France; Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit-U999, South Paris-Saclay University, Paris. France
| | - Virgilio Carnielli
- Division of Neonatology, G Salesi Women and Children's Hospital, Polytechnical University of Marche, Ancona. Italy
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14
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Bertsch P, Bergfreund J, Windhab EJ, Fischer P. Physiological fluid interfaces: Functional microenvironments, drug delivery targets, and first line of defense. Acta Biomater 2021; 130:32-53. [PMID: 34077806 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2021.05.051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/20/2021] [Revised: 05/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Fluid interfaces, i.e. the boundary layer of two liquids or a liquid and a gas, play a vital role in physiological processes as diverse as visual perception, oral health and taste, lipid metabolism, and pulmonary breathing. These fluid interfaces exhibit a complex composition, structure, and rheology tailored to their individual physiological functions. Advances in interfacial thin film techniques have facilitated the analysis of such complex interfaces under physiologically relevant conditions. This allowed new insights on the origin of their physiological functionality, how deviations may cause disease, and has revealed new therapy strategies. Furthermore, the interactions of physiological fluid interfaces with exogenous substances is crucial for understanding certain disorders and exploiting drug delivery routes to or across fluid interfaces. Here, we provide an overview on fluid interfaces with physiological relevance, namely tear films, interfacial aspects of saliva, lipid droplet digestion and storage in the cell, and the functioning of lung surfactant. We elucidate their structure-function relationship, discuss diseases associated with interfacial composition, and describe therapies and drug delivery approaches targeted at fluid interfaces. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Fluid interfaces are inherent to all living organisms and play a vital role in various physiological processes. Examples are the eye tear film, saliva, lipid digestion & storage in cells, and pulmonary breathing. These fluid interfaces exhibit complex interfacial compositions and structures to meet their specific physiological function. We provide an overview on physiological fluid interfaces with a focus on interfacial phenomena. We elucidate their structure-function relationship, discuss diseases associated with interfacial composition, and describe novel therapies and drug delivery approaches targeted at fluid interfaces. This sets the scene for ocular, oral, or pulmonary surface engineering and drug delivery approaches.
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15
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Tripathi A, Kumar B, Sagi SSK. Hypoxia-mediated alterations in pulmonary surfactant protein expressions: Beneficial effects of quercetin prophylaxis. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2021; 291:103695. [PMID: 34052411 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2021.103695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2020] [Revised: 03/26/2021] [Accepted: 05/17/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
We have compared the prophylactic efficacies of quercetin and salbutamol in preventing pulmonary surfactants oxidation under hypoxia. Male SD rats supplemented orally with quercetin (50 mg/Kg BW) and salbutamol (2 mg/Kg BW) were exposed to hypobaric hypoxia (7,620 m for 6 h). Hypoxia-mediated elevation in oxidative stress, inflammation, and extravasations of LDH & albumin content in BALF of rats were assessed. Western blotting and mRNA studies determined the differential expressions of Nrf-2, HO-1, and associated surfactant proteins (SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, & SP-D) in rat lungs. Later, the lung configuration under hypoxia was assessed histopathologically. Quercetin and salbutamol pretreatment considerably restored the expressions of Nrf-2, HO-1, and surfactant proteins to normal by attenuating the increase in oxidative stress, inflammation, and extravasations of plasma proteins in the animals under hypoxia. The histopathology has also evidenced the protective effect of quercetin in retaining normal lung architecture under hypoxia over salbutamol. The present study indicates the effectiveness of quercetin prophylaxis in preventing pulmonary surfactants oxidation under hypoxia over salbutamol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ankit Tripathi
- Nutrition Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
| | - Bhuvnesh Kumar
- Nutrition Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
| | - Sarada S K Sagi
- Nutrition Division, Defence Institute of Physiology and Allied Sciences, Lucknow Road, Timarpur, Delhi, 110054, India.
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16
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Bianco F, Salomone F, Milesi I, Murgia X, Bonelli S, Pasini E, Dellacà R, Ventura ML, Pillow J. Aerosol drug delivery to spontaneously-breathing preterm neonates: lessons learned. Respir Res 2021; 22:71. [PMID: 33637075 PMCID: PMC7908012 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-020-01585-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/23/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Delivery of medications to preterm neonates receiving non-invasive ventilation (NIV) represents one of the most challenging scenarios for aerosol medicine. This challenge is highlighted by the undersized anatomy and the complex (patho)physiological characteristics of the lungs in such infants. Key physiological restraints include low lung volumes, low compliance, and irregular respiratory rates, which significantly reduce lung deposition. Such factors are inherent to premature birth and thus can be regarded to as the intrinsic factors that affect lung deposition. However, there are a number of extrinsic factors that also impact lung deposition: such factors include the choice of aerosol generator and its configuration within the ventilation circuit, the drug formulation, the aerosol particle size distribution, the choice of NIV type, and the patient interface between the delivery system and the patient. Together, these extrinsic factors provide an opportunity to optimize the lung deposition of therapeutic aerosols and, ultimately, the efficacy of the therapy.In this review, we first provide a comprehensive characterization of both the intrinsic and extrinsic factors affecting lung deposition in premature infants, followed by a revision of the clinical attempts to deliver therapeutic aerosols to premature neonates during NIV, which are almost exclusively related to the non-invasive delivery of surfactant aerosols. In this review, we provide clues to the interpretation of existing experimental and clinical data on neonatal aerosol delivery and we also describe a frame of measurable variables and available tools, including in vitro and in vivo models, that should be considered when developing a drug for inhalation in this important but under-served patient population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federico Bianco
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Salomone
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Ilaria Milesi
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | | | - Sauro Bonelli
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Elena Pasini
- Department of Preclinical Pharmacology, R&D, Chiesi Farmaceutici S.P.A., 43122 Parma, Italy
| | - Raffaele Dellacà
- TechRes Lab, Dipartimento Di Elettronica, Informazione E Bioingegneria (DEIB), Politecnico Di Milano University, Milano, Italy
| | | | - Jane Pillow
- School of Human Sciences, University of Western Australia, Perth, Australia
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17
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Khan JM, Sen P, Malik A, Rehman MT, AlAjmi MF, Ahmed A, Alghamdi OHA, Ahmad A, Ahmed MZ, Khan RH, Anwer MK. Industrially important enzyme bovine liver catalase forms amyloid in the presence of 14-4-14 Gemini surfactant at physiological pH. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2020.125909] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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18
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Schulz A, Pagerols Raluy L, Kolman JP, Königs I, Trochimiuk M, Appl B, Reinshagen K, Boettcher M, Trah J. The Inhibitory Effect of Curosurf ® and Alveofact ® on the Formation of Neutrophil Extracellular Traps. Front Immunol 2021; 11:582895. [PMID: 33574811 PMCID: PMC7871907 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2020.582895] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Neutrophil extracellular traps (NETs) are a defense mechanism in which neutrophils cast a net-like structure in response to microbial infection. NETs consist of decondensed chromatin and about 30 enzymes and peptides. Some components, such as neutrophil elastase (NE) and myeloperoxidase (MPO), present antimicrobial but also cytotoxic properties, leading to tissue injury. Many inflammatory diseases are associated with NETs, and their final role has not been identified. Pulmonary surfactant is known to have immunoregulatory abilities that alter the function of adaptive and innate immune cells. The aim of this study was to investigate the hypothesis that natural surfactant preparations inhibit the formation of NETs. Methods The effect of two natural surfactants (Alveofact® and Curosurf®) on spontaneous and phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate–induced NET formation by neutrophils isolated by magnetic cell sorting from healthy individuals was examined. NETs were quantitatively detected by absorption and fluorometric-based assays for the NET-specific proteins (NE, MPO) and cell-free DNA. Immunofluorescence microscopy images were used for visualization. Results Both surfactant preparations exerted a dose-dependent inhibitory effect on NET formation. Samples treated with higher concentrations and with 30 min pre-incubation prior to stimulation with phorbol-12-myristate-13-acetate had significantly lower levels of NET-specific proteins and cell-free DNA compared to untreated samples. Immunofluorescence microscopy confirmed these findings. Conclusions The described dose-dependent modulation of NET formation ex vivo suggests an interaction between exogenous surfactant supplementation and neutrophil granulocytes. The immunoregulatory effects of surfactant preparations should be considered for further examination of inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Annabell Schulz
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Laia Pagerols Raluy
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Jan Philipp Kolman
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ingo Königs
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Magdalena Trochimiuk
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Birgit Appl
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Konrad Reinshagen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Michael Boettcher
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
| | - Julian Trah
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, University Medical Center Hamburg-Eppendorf (UKE), Hamburg, Germany
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19
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Oseliero Filho PL, Gerbelli BB, Fornasier F, Chaves Filho AB, Yoshinaga MY, Miyamoto S, Mortara L, Lacerda CD, Cuccovia IM, Pimentel AS, Oliveira CLP. Structure and Thermotropic Behavior of Bovine- and Porcine-Derived Exogenous Lung Surfactants. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2020; 36:14514-14529. [PMID: 33210931 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.0c02224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Two commercial exogenous pulmonary surfactants, Curosurf and Survanta, are investigated. Their thermotropic behavior and associated structural changes for the samples in bulk are characterized and described. For Survanta, the obtained results of differential scanning calorimetry showed a thermogram with three peaks on heating and only a single peak on cooling. Curosurf on the other hand, presents calorimetric thermograms with only one peak in both the heating and cooling scans. This distinct thermotropic behavior between the two pulmonary surfactants, a consequence of their particular compositions, is associated with structural changes that were evaluated by simultaneous small- and wide-angle X-ray scattering experiments with in situ temperature variation. Interestingly, for temperatures below ∼35 °C for Curosurf and ∼53 °C for Survanta, the scattering data indicated the coexistence of two lamellar phases with different carbon chain organizations. For temperatures above these limits, the coexistence of phases disappears, giving rise to a fluid phase in both pulmonary surfactants, with multilamelar vesicles for Curosurf and unilamellar vesicles for Survanta. This process is quasi-reversible under cooling, and advanced data analysis for the scattering data indicated differences in the structural and elastic properties of the pulmonary surfactants. The detailed and systematic investigation shown in this work expands on the knowledge of the structure and thermodynamic behavior of Curosurf and Survanta, being relevant from both physiological and biophysical perspectives and also providing a basis for further studies on other types of pulmonary surfactants.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Barbara Bianca Gerbelli
- Centro de Ciências Naturais e Humanas, Universidade Federal do ABC, Santo André, SP 09210-580, Brazil
| | - Franccesca Fornasier
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22453-900, Brazil
| | - Adriano B Chaves Filho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Marcos Yukio Yoshinaga
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Sayuri Miyamoto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Laura Mortara
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Caroline Dutra Lacerda
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - Iolanda Midea Cuccovia
- Instituto de Química, Universidade de São Paulo, Avenida Prof. Lineu Prestes, Butantã, São Paulo, SP 05508-000, Brazil
| | - André Silva Pimentel
- Departamento de Química, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, RJ 22453-900, Brazil
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20
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Pulmonary route of administration is instrumental in developing therapeutic interventions against respiratory diseases. Saudi Pharm J 2020; 28:1655-1665. [PMID: 33424258 PMCID: PMC7783104 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2020.10.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2020] [Accepted: 10/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary route of drug delivery has drawn significant attention due to the limitations associated with conventional routes and available treatment options. Drugs administered through pulmonary route has been an important research area that focuses on to developing effective therapeutic interventions for asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, tuberculosis, lung cancer etc. The intravenous route has been a natural route of delivery of proteins and peptides but associated with several issues including high cost, needle-phobia, pain, sterility issues etc. These issues might be addressed by the pulmonary administration of macromolecules to achieving an effective delivery and efficacious therapeutic impact. Efforts have been made to develop novel drug delivery systems (NDDS) such as nanoparticles, microparticles, liposomes and their engineered versions, polymerosomes, micelles etc to achieving targeted and sustained delivery of drug(s) through pulmonary route. Further, novel approaches such as polymer-drug conjugates, mucoadhesive particles and mucus penetrating particles have attracted significant attention due to their unique features for an effective delivery of drugs. Also, use of semi flourinated alkanes is in use for improvising the pulmonary delivery of lipophilic drugs. Present review focuses on to unravel the mechanism of pulmonary absorption of drugs for major pulmonary diseases. It summarizes the development of interventional approaches using various particulate and vesicular drug delivery systems. In essence, the orchestrated attempt presents an inflammatory narrative on the advancements in the field of pulmonary drug delivery.
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21
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Merckx P, Lammens J, Nuytten G, Bogaert B, Guagliardo R, Maes T, Vervaet C, De Beer T, De Smedt SC, Raemdonck K. Lyophilization and nebulization of pulmonary surfactant-coated nanogels for siRNA inhalation therapy. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 157:191-199. [PMID: 33022391 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.09.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2019] [Revised: 09/05/2020] [Accepted: 09/21/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
RNA interference (RNAi) enables highly specific silencing of potential target genes for treatment of pulmonary pathologies. The intracellular RNAi pathway can be activated by cytosolic delivery of small interfering RNA (siRNA), inducing sequence-specific gene knockdown on the post-transcriptional level. Although siRNA drugs hold many advantages over currently applied therapies, their clinical translation is hampered by inefficient delivery across cellular membranes. We previously developed hybrid nanoparticles consisting of an siRNA-loaded nanosized hydrogel core (nanogel) coated with Curosurf®, a clinically used pulmonary surfactant (PS). The latter enhances both particle stability as well as intracellular siRNA delivery, which was shown to be governed by the PS-associated surfactant protein B (SP-B). Despite having a proven in vitro and in vivo siRNA delivery potential when prepared ex novo, clinical translation of this liquid nanoparticle suspension requires the identification of a long-term preservation strategy that maintains nanoparticle stability and potency. In addition, to achieve optimal pulmonary deposition of the nanocomposite, its compatibility with state-of-the-art pulmonary administration techniques should be evaluated. Here, we demonstrate that PS-coated nanogels can be lyophilized, reconstituted and subsequently nebulized via a vibrating mesh nebulizer. The particles retain their physicochemical integrity and their ability to deliver siRNA in a human lung epithelial cell line. The latter result suggests that the functional integrity of SP-B in the PS coat towards siRNA delivery might be preserved as well. Of note, successful lyophilization was achieved without the need for stabilizing lyo- or cryoprotectants. Our results demonstrate that PS-coated siRNA-loaded nanogels can be lyophilized, which offers the prospect of long-term storage. In addition, the formulation was demonstrated to be suitable for local administration with a state-of-the-art nebulizer for human use upon reconstitution. Hence, the data presented in this study represent an important step towards clinical application of such nanocomposites for treatment of pulmonary disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pieterjan Merckx
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Joris Lammens
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Gust Nuytten
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Bram Bogaert
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Roberta Guagliardo
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Tania Maes
- Laboratory for Translational Research in Obstructive Pulmonary Diseases, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Department of Respiratory Medicine, Ghent University Hospital, Medical Research Building 2, Corneel Heymanslaan 10, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Chris Vervaet
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Thomas De Beer
- Laboratory of Pharmaceutical Process Analytical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutical Analysis, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Stefaan C De Smedt
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
| | - Koen Raemdonck
- Ghent Research Group on Nanomedicines, Laboratory of General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmaceutics, Ghent University, Ottergemsesteenweg 460, 9000 Ghent, Belgium.
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22
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Xu L, Yang Y, Zuo YY. Atomic Force Microscopy Imaging of Adsorbed Pulmonary Surfactant Films. Biophys J 2020; 119:756-766. [PMID: 32702292 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2020.06.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2020] [Revised: 06/17/2020] [Accepted: 06/26/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant (PS) is a lipid-protein complex that adsorbs to the air-water surface of the lung as a thin film. Previous studies have suggested that the adsorbed PS film is composed of an interfacial monolayer, plus a functionally attached vesicular complex, called the surface-associated surfactant reservoir. However, direct visualization of the lateral structure and morphology of adsorbed PS films using atomic force microscopy (AFM) has been proven to be technically challenging. To date, all AFM studies of the PS film have relied on the model of Langmuir monolayers. Here, we showed the first, to our knowledge, AFM imaging of adsorbed PS films under physiologically relevant conditions using a novel, to our knowledge, experimental methodology called constrained drop surfactometry. In conjunction with a series of methodological innovations, including subphase replacement, in situ Langmuir-Blodgett transfer, and real-time surface tension control using closed-loop axisymmetric drop shape analysis, constrained drop surfactometry allowed the study of lateral structure and topography of animal-derived natural PS films at physiologically relevant low surface tensions. Our data suggested that a nucleation-growth model is responsible for the adsorption-induced squeeze-out of the PS film, which likely results in an interfacial monolayer enriched in dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine with the attached multilayered surface-associated surfactant reservoir. These findings were further supported by frequency-dependent measurements of surface dilational rheology. Our study provides novel, to our knowledge, biophysical insights into the understanding of the mechanisms by which the PS film attains low surface tensions and stabilizes the alveolar surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Xu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Yi Yang
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Yi Y Zuo
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii; Department of Pediatrics, John A. Burns School of Medicine, University of Hawaii at Manoa, Honolulu, Hawaii.
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23
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Kharlamovа OS, Nikolaev KY, Ragino YI, Voevoda MI. [Surfactant proteins A and D: role in the pathogenesis of community-acquired pneumonia and possible predictive perspectives]. TERAPEVT ARKH 2020; 92:109-115. [PMID: 32598802 DOI: 10.26442/00403660.2020.03.000275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Community-acquired pneumonia is one of the most common infectious diseases and remains one of the leading causes of death in this group of diseases. Studies of community-acquired pneumonia are extremely relevant for modern clinical practice. One of the important role in the pathogenesis of bacterial, viral, fungal invasion in the system of a human lung system belongs to the pulmonary surfactant, in particular, its proteins SP-A and SP-D. This article reviews the well-known mechanisms of important biological properties of immunomodulatory activity of the proteins SP-A and SP-D in response to microbial infection in the lungs. The mechanisms of participation of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D in the cascade of reactions that lead to severe life-threatening complications in community-acquired pneumonia are considered. The use of serum levels of surfactant proteins SP-A and SP-D can help finding new diagnostic and prognostic approaches in patients with community-acquired pneumonia.
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Affiliation(s)
- O S Kharlamovа
- Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine - branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics.,City Clinical Hospital №25
| | - K Y Nikolaev
- Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine - branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics.,Novosibirsk National Research State University
| | - Y I Ragino
- Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine - branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics
| | - M I Voevoda
- Research Institute of Therapy and Preventive Medicine - branch of the Federal Research Center Institute of Cytology and Genetics
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24
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In Vitro Functional and Structural Characterization of A Synthetic Clinical Pulmonary Surfactant with Enhanced Resistance to Inhibition. Sci Rep 2020; 10:1385. [PMID: 31992800 PMCID: PMC6987218 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-58248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2019] [Accepted: 01/13/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
CHF5633 is a novel synthetic clinical pulmonary surfactant preparation composed by two phospholipid species, dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and palmitoyloleoyl phosphatidylglycerol (POPG), and synthetic analogues of the hydrophobic surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C. In this study, the interfacial properties of CHF5633 in the absence and in the presence of inhibitory serum proteins have been assessed in comparison with a native surfactant purified from porcine lungs and with poractant alpha, a widely used clinical surfactant preparation. The study of the spreading properties of CHF5633 in a Wilhelmy balance, its ability to adsorb and accumulate at air-liquid interfaces as revealed by a multiwell fluorescence assay, and its dynamic behavior under breathing-like compression-expansion cycling in a Captive Bubble Surfactometer (CBS), all revealed that CHF5633 exhibits a good behavior to reduce and sustain surface tensions to values below 5 mN/m. CHF5633 shows somehow slower initial interfacial adsorption than native surfactant or poractant alpha, but a better resistance to inhibition by serum proteins than the animal-derived clinical surfactant, comparable to that of the full native surfactant complex. Interfacial CHF5633 films formed in a Langmuir-Blodgett balance coupled with epifluorescence microscopy revealed similar propensity to segregate condensed lipid domains under compression than films made by native porcine surfactant or poractant alpha. This ability of CHF5633 to segregate condensed lipid phases can be related with a marked thermotropic transition from ordered to disordered membrane phases as exhibited by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) of CHF5633 suspensions, occurring at similar temperatures but with higher associated enthalpy than that shown by poractant alpha. The good interfacial behavior of CHF5633 tested under physiologically meaningful conditions in vitro and its higher resistance to inactivation by serum proteins, together with its standardized and well-defined composition, makes it a particularly useful therapeutic preparation to be applied in situations associated with lung inflammation and edema, alone or in combined strategies to exploit surfactant-facilitated drug delivery.
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25
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Foligno S, De Luca D. Porcine versus bovine surfactant therapy for RDS in preterm neonates: pragmatic meta-analysis and review of physiopathological plausibility of the effects on extra-pulmonary outcomes. Respir Res 2020; 21:8. [PMID: 31910825 PMCID: PMC6947871 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1267-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While porcine seems to be superior to bovine surfactants in terms of respiratory outcomes, it is unclear if a surfactant can improve extra-pulmonary outcomes in preterm neonates with respiratory distress syndrome and if there is any physiopathological/biological mechanism linking surfactant therapy to these outcomes. We aim to fill these knowledge gaps. METHODS Systematic and pragmatic review coupled with meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials of bovine or porcine surfactants administered to treat RDS in preterm neonates; common extra-pulmonary neonatal intensive care outcomes were considered. As additional analysis, animal or human translational studies about mechanisms linking surfactant replacement to extra-pulmonary neonatal outcomes were also systematically reviewed. RESULTS Porcine surfactant is associated with lower incidence of patent ductus arteriosus (OR:0.655; 95%CI:0.460-0.931); p = 0.018; 12 trials; 1472 patients); prenatal steroids (coeff.:-0.009, 95%CI:-0.03-0.009, p = 0.323) and gestational age (coeff.:0.079, 95%CI:-0.18-0.34, p = 0.554) did not influence this effect size. No significant differences were found between porcine and bovine surfactants on neonatal intensive care unit length of stay (mean difference (days):-2.977; 95%CI:-6.659-0.705; p = 0.113; 8 trials; 855 patients), intra-ventricular hemorrhage of any grade (OR:0.860; 95%CI:0.648-1.139); p = 0.293; 15 trials; 1703 patients), severe intra-ventricular hemorrhage (OR:0.852; 95%CI:0.624-1.163); p = 0.313; 15 trials; 1672 patients), necrotizing entero-colitis (OR:1.190; 95%CI:0.785-1.803); p = 0.412; 9 trials; 1097 patients) and retinopathy of prematurity (OR:0.801; 95%CI:0.480-1.337); p = 0.396; 10 trials; 962 patients). CONCLUSIONS Physiopathological mechanisms explaining the effect of surfactant have been found for patent ductus arteriosus only, while they are lacking for all other endpoints. Porcine surfactant is associated with lower incidence of PDA than bovine surfactants. As there are no differences in terms of other extra-pulmonary outcomes and no physiopathological plausibility, these endpoints should not be used in future trials. REGISTRATION PROSPERO n.CRD42018100906.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Foligno
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center "A. Béclère", Paris Saclay University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP), Paris, France
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center "A. Béclère", Paris Saclay University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) and Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France.
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26
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Cimato A, Facorro G, Martínez Sarrasague M. Determining the fluid ordered and disordered phases in a pulmonary surfactant by electron spin resonance technique. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2019; 271:103309. [PMID: 31561012 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2019.103309] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2019] [Revised: 09/19/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant main function is to reduce surface tension at alveolar interface. Two lipids phases coexist in surfactant membranes: a liquid-ordered (Lo) and a liquid-disordered (Ld) phases. This coexistence of phases would be crucial for the surfactant activity. Until now, the proportion of phases was determined qualitatively. We design an electronic spin resonance technique to quantify the lipid fraction in Ld phase. An exogenous pulmonary surfactant (EPS) with or without extra Cho was labeled with 5-doxil stearic acid to estimate the membrane fluidity and with TEMPO to determine the PL in Ld phase. A unique equation was established for the calculation of PL in Ld phase with an error of less than 3%. TEMPO partition coefficient was (0.78 ± 0.03). Cholesterol added to EPS did not modify this coefficient. The equation is valid for different batches of surfactant regardless of the cholesterol content. The proposed method is simple, precise and allows evaluating changes in lateral structure that could affect surfactant biophysical properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandra Cimato
- Cátedra de Física, Departamento de Fisicomatemática, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Graciela Facorro
- Cátedra de Física, Departamento de Fisicomatemática, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Margarita Martínez Sarrasague
- Cátedra de Física, Departamento de Fisicomatemática, Facultad de Farmacia y Bioquímica, Universidad de Buenos Aires, Buenos Aires, Argentina
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27
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Shu L, Guo X, Niu L, Chen X, Cai T, Ding X, Xie Z, Wang J, Zhu N, Kou T, Yang F. Comprehensive characterization and proteoform analysis of the hydrophobic surfactant proteins B and C in calf pulmonary surfactant. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2019; 174:625-632. [PMID: 31276983 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2019.06.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2018] [Revised: 06/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/20/2019] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
Calf pulmonary surfactant (CPS), which contains about 98% lipids and 2% hydrophobic surfactant proteins B (SP-B) and C (SP-C), has been used as a surfactant preparation for the clinical replacement therapy of respiratory distress syndrome (RDS). Characterization of SP-B and SP-C in CPS is informative for quality control and the evaluation of their biological activities. However, analysis of SP-B and SP-C is impeded by the high content of lipids in CPS. Here, we describe an integrated method by combining size exclusion chromatography (SEC)-based delipidation, SDS-PAGE separation, in-gel digestion and mass spectrometric analysis for comprehensive characterization and proteoform analysis of the extremely hydrophobic SP-B and SP-C in CPS. This study has shown that 30 proteoforms of SP-C with different truncations and modifications were identified and SP-B was found to be existed as a dimer form in the CPS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lian Shu
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiaojing Guo
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Lili Niu
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Xiulan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tanxi Cai
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xiang Ding
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Zhensheng Xie
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jifeng Wang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Nali Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tongxin Kou
- China Resources Double-crane Pharmaceutical Co. Ltd. Beijing, 100102, China
| | - Fuquan Yang
- Key Laboratory of Protein and Peptide Pharmaceuticals & Laboratory of Proteomics, Institute of Biophysics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China.
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28
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Thanki K, van Eetvelde D, Geyer A, Fraire J, Hendrix R, Van Eygen H, Putteman E, Sami H, de Souza Carvalho-Wodarz C, Franzyk H, Nielsen HM, Braeckmans K, Lehr CM, Ogris M, Foged C. Mechanistic profiling of the release kinetics of siRNA from lipidoid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles in vitro and in vivo after pulmonary administration. J Control Release 2019; 310:82-93. [PMID: 31398360 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2019.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2019] [Revised: 08/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Understanding the release kinetics of siRNA from nanocarriers, their cellular uptake, their in vivo biodistribution and pharmacokinetics is a fundamental prerequisite for efficient optimisation of the design of nanocarriers for siRNA-based therapeutics. Thus, we investigated the influence of composition on the siRNA release from lipid-polymer hybrid nanoparticles (LPNs) consisting of cationic lipidoid 5 (L5) and poly(DL-lactic-co-glycolic acid) (PLGA) intended for pulmonary administration. An array of siRNA-loaded LPNs was prepared by systematic variation of: (i) the L5 content (10-20%, w/w), and (ii) the L5:siRNA ratio (10,1-30:1, w/w). For comparative purposes, L5-based lipoplexes, L5-based stable nucleic acid lipid nanoparticles (SNALPs). and dioleoyltrimethylammoniumpropane (DOTAP)-modified LPNs loaded with siRNA were also prepared. Release studies in buffer and lung surfactant-containing medium showed that siRNA release is dependent on the presence of both surfactant and heparin (a displacing agent) in the release medium, since these interact with the lipid shell structure thereby facilitating decomplexation of L5 and siRNA, as evident from the retarded siRNA release when the L5 content and the L5:siRNA ratio were increased. This confirms the hypothesis that siRNA loaded in LPNs is predominantly present as complexes with the cationic lipid and primarily is located near the particle surface. Cellular uptake and tolerability studies in the human macrophage cell line THP-1 and the type I-like human alveolar epithelial cell line hAELVi, which together represents a monolayer-based barrier model of lung epithelium, indicated that uptake of LPNs was much higher in THP-1 cells in agreement with their primary clearance role. In vivo biodistributions of formulations loaded with Alexa Fluor® 750-labelled siRNA after pulmonary administration in mice were compared by using quantitative fluorescence imaging tomography. The L5-modified LPNs, SNALPs and DOTAP-modified LPNs displayed significantly increased lung retention of siRNA as compared to L5-based lipoplexes, which had a biodistribution profile comparable to that of non-loaded siRNA, for which >50% of the siRNA dose permeated the air-blood barrier within 6 h and subsequently was excreted via the kidneys. Hence, the enhanced lung retention upon pulmonary administration of siRNA-loaded LPNs represents a promising characteristic that can be used to control the delivery of the siRNA cargo to lung tissue for local management of disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kaushik Thanki
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Delphine van Eetvelde
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Antonia Geyer
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Juan Fraire
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Remi Hendrix
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Hannelore Van Eygen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Emma Putteman
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Haider Sami
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | | | - Henrik Franzyk
- Department of Drug Design and Pharmacology, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Jagtvej 162, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Hanne Mørck Nielsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Kevin Braeckmans
- Laboratory for General Biochemistry and Physical Pharmacy, Ghent University, 9000 Gent, Belgium
| | - Claus-Michael Lehr
- Helmholtz Institute for Pharmaceutical Research Saarland (HIPS), Saarland University, 66123 Saarbrücken, Germany
| | - Manfred Ogris
- Laboratory of MacroMolecular Cancer Therapeutics (MMCT), Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, University of Vienna, Vienna A-1090, Austria
| | - Camilla Foged
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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29
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Baer B, Souza LMP, Pimentel AS, Veldhuizen RA. New insights into exogenous surfactant as a carrier of pulmonary therapeutics. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 164:64-73. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.03.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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30
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Tridente A, De Martino L, De Luca D. Porcine vs bovine surfactant therapy for preterm neonates with RDS: systematic review with biological plausibility and pragmatic meta-analysis of respiratory outcomes. Respir Res 2019; 20:28. [PMID: 30728009 PMCID: PMC6366095 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-0979-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2018] [Accepted: 01/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bovine surfactants are known to be clinically equivalent but it is unclear if porcine or bovine surfactants at their licensed dose should be preferred to treat respiratory distress syndrome in preterm neonates. METHODS We performed a comprehensive review of biochemical and pharmacological features of surfactants to understand the biological plausibility of any clinical effect. We then performed a pragmatic meta-analysis comparing internationally marketed porcine and bovine surfactants for mortality and respiratory outcomes. Search for randomised controlled trials with no language/year restrictions and excluding "grey" literature, unpublished or non-peer reviewed reports was conducted, following Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses guidelines and the most recent methodological recommendations. RESULTS Sixteen articles were included in the review and 14 in the meta-analysis (1491 neonates). 200 mg/kg poractant-α (a porcine surfactant) was associated with lower BPD/mortality (OR 0.632[95%CI:0.494, 0.809];p < 0.001),BPD (OR 0.688[95%CI:0.512, 0.925];p = 0.013), retreatment (OR 0.313[95%CI:0.187, 0.522];p < 0.0001), airleaks (OR 0.505[95%CI:0.308, 0.827];p = 0.006) and lung haemorrhage (OR 0.624[95%CI:0.388, 1];p = 0.051). Gestational age is associated with effect size for BPD (coefficient: 0.308 [95%CI:0.063, 0.554];p = 0.014) and surfactant retreatment (coefficient: -0.311 [95%CI:-0.595, - 0.028];p = 0.031). CONCLUSION 200 mg/kg poractant-α is associated with better respiratory outcomes compared to bovine surfactants at their licensed dose. The effect of poractant-α on BPD and surfactant retreatment is greater at lowest and highest gestational ages, respectively. TRIAL REGISTRATION PROSPERO n.42017075251 .
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Affiliation(s)
- Ascanio Tridente
- Department of Molecular and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK
- Critical Care Unit, Whiston Hospital, St Helens and Knowsley Teaching Hospitals, Merseyside, UK
| | - Lucia De Martino
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center "A. Béclère", South Paris University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) , Paris, France
| | - Daniele De Luca
- Division of Pediatrics and Neonatal Critical Care, Medical Center "A. Béclère", South Paris University Hospitals, Assistance Publique-Hôpitaux de Paris (APHP) , Paris, France.
- Physiopathology and Therapeutic Innovation Unit, INSERM U999, South Paris-Saclay University, Paris, France.
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31
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Lugones Y, Blanco O, López-Rodríguez E, Echaide M, Cruz A, Pérez-Gil J. Inhibition and counterinhibition of Surfacen, a clinical lung surfactant of natural origin. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204050. [PMID: 30235278 PMCID: PMC6147439 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 08/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Inactivation of pulmonary surfactant by different components such as serum, cholesterol or meconium contributes to severe respiratory pathologies through destabilization and collapse of airspaces. Recent studies have analyzed in detail how the interfacial properties of natural surfactant purified from animal lungs are altered as a consequence of its exposure to serum proteins or meconium-mobilized cholesterol. It has been also demonstrated that pre-exposure of surfactant to polymers such as hyaluronic acid provides resistance to inactivation by multiple inhibitory agents. In the current work, we have extended these studies to the analysis of Surfacen, a clinical surfactant currently in use to rescue premature babies suffering or at risk of respiratory distress due to congenital lack of surfactant. This surfactant is also strongly inhibited by both meconium and serum when tested in the captive bubble surfactometer (CBS) under conditions mimicking respiratory dynamics. As it occurs with native surfactant, Surfacen is markedly protected from inhibition by pre-exposure to hyaluronic acid, confirming that clinical surfactants can be improved to treat pathologies associated with strongly deactivating contexts, such as those associated with lung injury and inflammation. Remarkably, we found that, under physiologically-mimicking conditions, a cholesterol-free clinical surfactant such as Surfacen is less susceptible to inhibition by cholesterol-mobilizing environments than cholesterol-containing natural surfactant, as a consequence of a markedly reduced susceptibility to incorporation of exogenous cholesterol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuliannis Lugones
- Dept. Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | - Odalys Blanco
- Dept. Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Centro Nacional de Sanidad Agropecuaria, Mayabeque, Cuba
| | | | - Mercedes Echaide
- Dept. Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institut “Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)”, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cruz
- Dept. Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institut “Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)”, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Dept. Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
- Research Institut “Hospital 12 de Octubre (imas12)”, Madrid, Spain
- * E-mail:
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Merckx P, De Backer L, Van Hoecke L, Guagliardo R, Echaide M, Baatsen P, Olmeda B, Saelens X, Pérez-Gil J, De Smedt SC, Raemdonck K. Surfactant protein B (SP-B) enhances the cellular siRNA delivery of proteolipid coated nanogels for inhalation therapy. Acta Biomater 2018; 78:236-246. [PMID: 30118853 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2018.08.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2018] [Revised: 07/30/2018] [Accepted: 08/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Despite the many advantages of small interfering RNA (siRNA) inhalation therapy and a growing prevalence of respiratory pathologies, its clinical translation is severely hampered by inefficient intracellular delivery. To this end, we previously developed hybrid nanoparticles consisting of an siRNA-loaded nanosized hydrogel core (nanogel) coated with Curosurf®, a clinically used pulmonary surfactant (PS). Interestingly, the PS shell was shown to markedly improve particle stability as well as intracellular siRNA delivery in vitro and in vivo. The major aim of this work was to identify the key molecular components of PS responsible for the enhanced siRNA delivery and evaluate how the complexity of the PS coat could be reduced. We identified surfactant protein B (SP-B) as a potent siRNA delivery enhancer when reconstituted in proteolipid coated hydrogel nanocomposites. Improved cytosolic siRNA delivery was achieved by inserting SP-B into a simplified phospholipid mixture prior to nanogel coating. This effect was observed both in vitro (lung epithelial cell line) and in vivo (murine acute lung injury model), albeit that distinct phospholipids were required to achieve these results. Importantly, the developed nanocomposites have a low in vivo toxicity and are efficiently taken up by resident alveolar macrophages, a main target cell type for treatment of inflammatory pulmonary pathologies. Our results demonstrate the potential of the endogenous protein SP-B as an intracellular siRNA delivery enhancer, paving the way for future design of nanoformulations for siRNA inhalation therapy. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE Despite the therapeutic potential of small interfering RNA (siRNA) and a growing prevalence of lung diseases for which innovative therapies are needed, a safe and effective siRNA inhalation therapy remains non-existing due to a lack of suitable formulations. We identified surfactant protein B (SP-B) as a potent enhancer of siRNA delivery by proteolipid coated nanogel formulations in vitro in a lung epithelial cell line. The developed nanocomposites have a low in vivo toxicity and show a high uptake by alveolar macrophages, a main target cell type for treatment of inflammatory pulmonary pathologies. Importantly, in vivo SP-B is also critical for the developed formulation to obtain a significant silencing of TNFα in a murine LPS-induced acute lung injury model.
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Quantitative lipidomic analysis of mouse lung during postnatal development by electrospray ionization tandem mass spectrometry. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0203464. [PMID: 30192799 PMCID: PMC6128551 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0203464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipids play very important roles in lung biology, mainly reducing the alveolar surface tension at the air-liquid interface thereby preventing end-expiratory collapse of the alveoli. In the present study we performed an extensive quantitative lipidomic analysis of mouse lung to provide the i) total lipid quantity, ii) distribution pattern of the major lipid classes, iii) composition of individual lipid species and iv) glycerophospholipid distribution pattern according to carbon chain length (total number of carbon atoms) and degree of unsaturation (total number of double bonds). We analysed and quantified 160 glycerophospholipid species, 24 sphingolipid species, 18 cholesteryl esters and cholesterol from lungs of a) newborn (P1), b) 15-day-old (P15) and c) 12-week-old adult mice (P84) to understand the changes occurring during postnatal pulmonary development. Our results revealed an increase in total lipid quantity, correlation of lipid class distribution in lung tissue and significant changes in the individual lipid species composition during postnatal lung development. Interestingly, we observed significant stage-specific alterations during this process. Especially, P1 lungs showed high content of monounsaturated lipid species; P15 lungs exhibited myristic and palmitic acid containing lipid species, whereas adult lungs were enriched with polyunsaturated lipid species. Taken together, our study provides an extensive quantitative lipidome of the postnatal mouse lung development, which may serve as a reference for a better understanding of lipid alterations and their functions in lung development and respiratory diseases associated with lipids.
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Liu D, Zhang Z, Qin Z, Xing J, Liu Y, Jin J, Yang F, Gu N. Sinapultide-loaded lipid microbubbles and the stabilization effect of sinapultide on the shells of lipid microbubbles. J Mater Chem B 2018; 6:1335-1341. [DOI: 10.1039/c7tb02799k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sinapultide-loaded lipid microbubbles were fabricated for ultrasound imaging, and the stabilization mechanism was investigated by molecular dynamics simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Zuoheng Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Zhiguo Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Jing Xing
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Yang Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Juan Jin
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Fang Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
| | - Ning Gu
- State Key Laboratory of Bioelectronics and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Biomaterials and Devices
- School of Biological Science and Medical Engineering
- Southeast University
- Nanjing
- P. R. China
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35
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Tran N, Kurian J, Bhatt A, McKenna R, Long JR. Entropic Anomaly Observed in Lipid Polymorphisms Induced by Surfactant Peptide SP-B(1-25). J Phys Chem B 2017; 121:9102-9112. [PMID: 28872861 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.7b06538] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The N-terminal 25 amino-acid residues of pulmonary surfactant protein B (SP-B1-25) induces unusual lipid polymorphisms in a model lipid system, 4:1 DPPC/POPG, mirroring the lipid composition of native pulmonary surfactant. It is widely suggested that SP-B1-25-induced lipid polymorphisms within the alveolar aqueous subphase provide a structural platform for rapid lipid adsorption to the air-water interface. Here, we characterize in detail the phase behavior of DPPC and POPG in hydrated lipid assemblies containing therapeutic levels of SP-B1-25 using 2H and 31P solid state NMR spectroscopy. The appearance of a previously observed isotropic lipid phase is found to be highly dependent on the thermal cycling of the samples. Slow heating of frozen samples leads to phase separation of DPPC into a lamellar phase whereas POPG lipids interact with the peptide to form an isotropic phase at physiologic temperature. Rapid heating of frozen samples to room temperature leads to strongly isotropic phase behavior for both DPPC and POPG lipids, with DPPC in exchange between isotropic and interdigitated phases. 31P T2 relaxation times confirm the isotropic phase to be consistent with a lipid cubic phase. The observed phases exhibit thermal stability up to physiologic temperature (37 °C) and are consistent with the formation of a ripple phase containing a large number of peptide-induced membrane structural defects enabling rapid transit of lipids between lipid lamellae. The coexistance of a lipid cubic phase with interdigitated lipids suggests a specific role for the highly conserved N-terminus of SP-B in stabilizing this unusual lipid polymorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nhi Tran
- Department of Chemistry, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32611, United States
| | - Justin Kurian
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Avni Bhatt
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Robert McKenna
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
| | - Joanna R Long
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, University of Florida , Gainesville, Florida 32610, United States
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36
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Hidalgo A, Salomone F, Fresno N, Orellana G, Cruz A, Perez-Gil J. Efficient Interfacially Driven Vehiculization of Corticosteroids by Pulmonary Surfactant. LANGMUIR : THE ACS JOURNAL OF SURFACES AND COLLOIDS 2017; 33:7929-7939. [PMID: 28738158 DOI: 10.1021/acs.langmuir.7b01177] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a crucial system to stabilize the respiratory air-liquid interface. Furthermore, pulmonary surfactant has been proposed as an effective method for targeting drugs to the lungs. However, few studies have examined in detail the mechanisms of incorporation of drugs into surfactant, the impact of the presence of drugs on pulmonary surfactant performance at the interface under physiologically meaningful conditions, or the ability of pulmonary surfactant to use the air-liquid interface to vehiculise drugs to long distances. This study focuses on the ability of pulmonary surfactant to interfacially vehiculize corticosteroids such as beclomethasone dipropionate (BDP) or Budesonide (BUD) as model drugs. The main objectives have been to (a) characterize the incorporation of corticosteroids into natural and synthetic surfactants, (b) evaluate whether the presence of corticosteroids affects surfactant functionality, and (c) determine whether surfactant preparations enable the efficient spreading and distribution of BDP and BUD along the air-liquid interface. We have compared the performance of a purified surfactant from porcine lungs and two clinical surfactants: Poractant alfa, a natural surfactant of animal origin extensively used to treat premature babies, and CHF5633, a new synthetic surfactant preparation currently under clinical trials. Both, natural and clinical surfactants spontaneously incorporated corticosteroids up to at least 10% by mass with respect to phospholipid content. The presence of the drugs did not interfere with their ability to efficiently adsorb into air-liquid interfaces and form surface active films able to reach and sustain very low surface tensions (<2 mN/m) under compression-expansion cycling mimicking breathing dynamics. Furthermore, the combination of clinical surfactant with corticosteroids efficiently promoted the active diffusion of the drug to long distances along the air-liquid interface. This effect could not be mimicked by vehiculisation of corticosteroids in liposomes or in micellar emulsions similar to the formulations currently in use to deliver anti-inflammatory corticosteroids through inhalation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Hidalgo
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute Hospital "12 de Octubre", Complutense University , Madrid 28040, Spain
| | | | - Nieves Fresno
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University , Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Guillermo Orellana
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Complutense University , Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Antonio Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute Hospital "12 de Octubre", Complutense University , Madrid 28040, Spain
| | - Jesus Perez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute Hospital "12 de Octubre", Complutense University , Madrid 28040, Spain
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Roldan N, Nyholm TKM, Slotte JP, Pérez-Gil J, García-Álvarez B. Effect of Lung Surfactant Protein SP-C and SP-C-Promoted Membrane Fragmentation on Cholesterol Dynamics. Biophys J 2017; 111:1703-1713. [PMID: 27760357 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2016.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/10/2016] [Revised: 07/28/2016] [Accepted: 09/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
To allow breathing and prevent alveolar collapse, lung surfactant (LS) develops a complex membranous system at the respiratory surface. LS is defined by a specific protein and lipid composition, including saturated and unsaturated phospholipid species and cholesterol. Surfactant protein C (SP-C) has been suggested to be an essential element for sustaining the presence of cholesterol in surfactant without functional impairment. In this work, we used a fluorescent sterol-partitioning assay to assess the effect of the surfactant proteins SP-B and SP-C on cholesterol distribution in membranes. Our results suggest that in the LS context, the combined action of SP-B and SP-C appears to facilitate cholesterol dynamics, whereas SP-C does not seem to establish a direct interaction with cholesterol that could increase the partition of free cholesterol into membranes. Interestingly, SP-C exhibits a membrane-fragmentation behavior, leading to the conversion of large unilamellar vesicles into highly curved vesicles ∼25 nm in diameter. Sterol partition was observed to be sensitive to the bending of bilayers, indicating that the effect of SP-C to mobilize cholesterol could be indirectly associated with SP-C-mediated membrane remodeling. Our results suggest a potential role for SP-C in generating small surfactant structures that may participate in cholesterol mobilization and pulmonary surfactant homeostasis at the alveolar interfaces.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nuria Roldan
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas K M Nyholm
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - J Peter Slotte
- Biochemistry, Faculty of Science and Engineering, Åbo Akademi University, Turku, Finland
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Begoña García-Álvarez
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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Todorov R, Exerowa D, Alexandrova L, Platikanov D, Terziyski I, Nedyalkov M, Pelizzi N, Salomone F. Behavior of thin liquid films from aqueous solutions of a pulmonary surfactant in presence of corticosteroids. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.09.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
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39
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Hidalgo A, Cruz A, Pérez-Gil J. Pulmonary surfactant and nanocarriers: Toxicity versus combined nanomedical applications. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1740-1748. [PMID: 28450046 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.04.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2017] [Revised: 04/19/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a membrane-based lipid-protein system essential for the process of breathing, which coats and stabilizes the whole respiratory surface and possesses exceptional biophysical properties. It constitutes the first barrier against the entry of pathogens and harmful particles in the alveolar region, extended through the lungs, but on the other hand, it can offer novel possibilities as a shuttle for the delivery of drugs and nanocarriers. The advances in nanotechnology are opening the doors to new diagnostic and therapeutic avenues, which are not accessible by means of the current approaches. In this context, the pulmonary route is called to become a powerful way of entry for innovative treatments based on nanotechnology. In this review, the anatomy of the respiratory system and its properties for drug entry are first revisited, as well as some current strategies that use the respiratory route for both local and peripheral action. Then, a brief overview is presented on what pulmonary surfactant is, how it works and why it could be used as a drug delivery vehicle. Finally, the review is closed with a description of the development of nanocarriers in the lung context and their interaction with endogenous and clinical pulmonary surfactants. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alberto Hidalgo
- Department of Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, and Research Institut "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Antonio Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, and Research Institut "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Fac. of Biology, and Research Institut "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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40
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Todorov R, Exerowa D, Alexandrova L, Platikanov D, Nedyalkov M, Bianco F, Razzetti R, Salomone F, Pelizzi N. Thin liquid films from a new synthetic pulmonary surfactant preparation. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2016.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
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41
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Echaide M, Autilio C, Arroyo R, Perez-Gil J. Restoring pulmonary surfactant membranes and films at the respiratory surface. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1725-1739. [PMID: 28341439 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.03.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 65] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2017] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/19/2017] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is a complex of lipids and proteins assembled and secreted by the alveolar epithelium into the thin layer of fluid coating the respiratory surface of lungs. There, surfactant forms interfacial films at the air-water interface, reducing dramatically surface tension and thus stabilizing the air-exposed interface to prevent alveolar collapse along respiratory mechanics. The absence or deficiency of surfactant produces severe lung pathologies. This review describes some of the most important surfactant-related pathologies, which are a cause of high morbidity and mortality in neonates and adults. The review also updates current therapeutic approaches pursuing restoration of surfactant operative films in diseased lungs, mainly through supplementation with exogenous clinical surfactant preparations. This article is part of a Special Issue entitled: Membrane Lipid Therapy: Drugs Targeting Biomembranes edited by Pablo V. Escribá.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mercedes Echaide
- Dept. Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Chiara Autilio
- Dept. Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Raquel Arroyo
- Dept. Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesus Perez-Gil
- Dept. Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Research Institute "Hospital 12 de Octubre", Complutense University, Madrid, Spain.
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42
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Non-linear van't Hoff behavior in pulmonary surfactant model membranes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2017; 1859:1133-1143. [PMID: 28336314 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2017.03.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/03/2016] [Revised: 03/14/2017] [Accepted: 03/18/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant exhibits phase coexistence over a wide range of surface pressure and temperature. Less is known about the effect of temperature on pulmonary surfactant models. Given the lack of studies on this issue, we used electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) and nonlinear least-squares (NLLS) simulations to investigate the thermotropic phase behavior of the matrix that mimics the pulmonary surfactant lipid complex, i.e., the lipid mixture composed of dipalmitoyl phosphatidylcholine (DPPC), palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylcholine (POPC) and palmitoyl-oleoyl phosphatidylglycerol (POPG). Irrespective of pH, the EPR spectra recorded from 5°C to 25°C in the DPPC/POPC/POPG (4:3:1) model membrane contain two spectral components corresponding to lipids in gel-like and fluid-like phases, indicating a coexistence of two domains in that range. The temperature dependence of the distribution of spin labels between the domains yielded nonlinear van't Hoff plots. The thermodynamic parameters evaluated were markedly different for DPPC and for the ternary DPPC/POPC/POPG (4:3:1) membranes and exhibited a dependence on chemical environment. While enthalpy and entropy changes for DPPC were always positive and presented a quadratic behavior with temperature, those of the ternary mixture were linearly dependent on temperature and changed from negative to positive values. Despite that, enthalpy-entropy compensation takes place in the two systems. The thermotropic process associated with the coexistence of the two domains is entropically-driven in DPPC and either entropically- or enthalpically-driven in the pulmonary surfactant membrane depending on the pH, ionic strength and temperature. The significance of these results to the structure and function of the pulmonary surfactant lipid matrix is discussed.
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43
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A Langmuir and AFM study on interfacial behavior of binary monolayer of hexadecanol/DPPE at the air-water interface. Chem Phys Lipids 2016; 201:11-20. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chemphyslip.2016.10.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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44
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Ruge CA, Hillaireau H, Grabowski N, Beck-Broichsitter M, Cañadas O, Tsapis N, Casals C, Nicolas J, Fattal E. Pulmonary Surfactant Protein A-Mediated Enrichment of Surface-Decorated Polymeric Nanoparticles in Alveolar Macrophages. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:4168-4178. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.6b00773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Christian A. Ruge
- Institut
Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Hervé Hillaireau
- Institut
Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Nadège Grabowski
- Institut
Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Mortiz Beck-Broichsitter
- Institut
Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Olga Cañadas
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER
de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Nicolas Tsapis
- Institut
Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Cristina Casals
- Department
of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
- CIBER
de Enfermedades Respiratorias, Universidad Complutense, 28040 Madrid, Spain
| | - Julien Nicolas
- Institut
Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
| | - Elias Fattal
- Institut
Galien Paris-Sud, Univ. Paris-Sud, CNRS, Université Paris-Saclay, 92296 Châtenay-Malabry, France
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45
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Cerrada A, Haller T, Cruz A, Pérez-Gil J. Pneumocytes Assemble Lung Surfactant as Highly Packed/Dehydrated States with Optimal Surface Activity. Biophys J 2016; 109:2295-306. [PMID: 26636941 DOI: 10.1016/j.bpj.2015.10.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2015] [Revised: 10/08/2015] [Accepted: 10/13/2015] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant (PS) is an essential complex of lipids and specific proteins synthesized in alveolar type II pneumocytes, where it is assembled and stored intracellularly as multilayered organelles known as lamellar bodies (LBs). Once secreted upon physiological stimulation, LBs maintain a densely packed structure in the form of lamellar body-like particles (LBPs), which are efficiently transferred into the alveolar air-water interface, lowering surface tension to avoid lung collapse at end-expiration. In this work, the structural organization of membranes in LBs and LBPs freshly secreted by primary cultures of rat ATII cells has been compared with that of native lung surfactant membranes isolated from porcine bronchoalveolar lavage. PS assembles in LBs as crystalline-like highly ordered structures, with a highly packed and dehydrated state, which is maintained at supraphysiological temperatures. This relatively ordered/packed state is retained in secreted LBPs. The micro- and nanostructural examination of LBPs suggests the existence of high levels of structural complexity in comparison with the material purified from lavages, which may contain partially inactivated or spent structures. Additionally, freshly secreted surfactant LBPs exhibit superior activity when generating interfacial films and a higher intrinsic resistance to inactivating agents, such as serum proteins or meconium. We propose that LBs are assembled as an energy-activated structure competent to form very efficient interfacial films, and that the organization of lipids and proteins and the properties displayed by the films formed by LBPs are likely similar to those established at the alveolar interface and represent the actual functional structure of surfactant as it sustains respiration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alejandro Cerrada
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Hospital 12 Octubre Research Institute, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Thomas Haller
- Department of Physiology and Medical Physics, Medical University of Innsbruck, Innsbruck, Austria
| | - Antonio Cruz
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Hospital 12 Octubre Research Institute, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain
| | - Jesús Pérez-Gil
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Biology, and Hospital 12 Octubre Research Institute, Universidad Complutense, Madrid, Spain.
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46
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Das SC, Stewart PJ. The influence of lung surfactant liquid crystalline nanostructures on respiratory drug delivery. Int J Pharm 2016; 514:465-474. [PMID: 27321111 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2016.06.029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Revised: 06/06/2016] [Accepted: 06/08/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
The respiratory route increasingly has been used for both local and systemic drug delivery. Although drug is absorbed rapidly after respiratory delivery, the role of lung surfactant in drug delivery is not well understood. The human lung contains only around 15mL of surface lining fluid spread over ∼100m2 surface. The fluid contains lung surfactant at a concentration of 8-24mg/kg/body weight; the lung surfactant which is lipo-protein in nature can form different liquid crystalline nanostructures. After a brief overview of the anatomy of respiratory system, the review has focused on the current understanding of lung surface lining fluid, lung surfactants and their composition and possible self-assembled nanostructures. The role of lung surfactant in drug delivery and drug dissolution has been briefly considered. Lung surfactant may form different liquid crystalline phases which can have an active role in drug delivery. The hypotheses developed in this review focuses on the potential roles of surface epithelial fluid containing liquid crystalline nanostructures in defining the dissolution mechanism and rate. The hypotheses also focus an understanding how liquid crystalline nanostructures can be used to control dissolution rate and how the nanostructures might be changed to influence delivery and induce toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shyamal C Das
- New Zealand's National School of Pharmacy, University of Otago, P.O. Box 56, Dunedin 9054, New Zealand.
| | - Peter J Stewart
- Drug Delivery, Disposition and Dynamics, Monash Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Monash University, 381 Royal Parade, Parkville, Victoria 3052, Australia
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47
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Abstract
Pulmonary surfactant is essential for life as it lines the alveoli to lower surface tension, thereby preventing atelectasis during breathing. Surfactant is enriched with a relatively unique phospholipid, termed dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, and four surfactant-associated proteins, SP-A, SP-B, SP-C, and SP-D. The hydrophobic proteins, SP-B and SP-C, together with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine, confer surface tension-lowering properties to the material. The more hydrophilic surfactant components, SP-A and SP-D, participate in pulmonary host defense and modify immune responses. Specifically, SP-A and SP-D bind and partake in the clearance of a variety of bacterial, fungal, and viral pathogens and can dampen antigen-induced immune function of effector cells. Emerging data also show immunosuppressive actions of some surfactant-associated lipids, such as phosphatidylglycerol. Conversely, microbial pathogens in preclinical models impair surfactant synthesis and secretion, and microbial proteinases degrade surfactant-associated proteins. Deficiencies of surfactant components are classically observed in the neonatal respiratory distress syndrome, where surfactant replacement therapies have been the mainstay of treatment. However, functional or compositional deficiencies of surfactant are also observed in a variety of acute and chronic lung disorders. Increased surfactant is seen in pulmonary alveolar proteinosis, a disorder characterized by a functional deficiency of the granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor receptor or development of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor antibodies. Genetic polymorphisms of some surfactant proteins such as SP-C are linked to interstitial pulmonary fibrosis. Here, we briefly review the composition, antimicrobial properties, and relevance of pulmonary surfactant to lung disorders and present its therapeutic implications.
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48
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Calkovska A, Linderholm B, Haegerstrand-Björkman M, Pioselli B, Pelizzi N, Johansson J, Curstedt T. Phospholipid Composition in Synthetic Surfactants Is Important for Tidal Volumes and Alveolar Stability in Surfactant-Treated Preterm Newborn Rabbits. Neonatology 2016; 109:177-85. [PMID: 26757268 DOI: 10.1159/000442874] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/30/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The development of synthetic surfactants for the treatment of lung pulmonary diseases has been going on for many years. OBJECTIVES To investigate the effects of phospholipid mixtures combined with SP-B and SP-C analogues on lung functions in an animal model of respiratory distress syndrome. METHODS Natural and synthetic phospholipid mixtures with/without SP-B and/or SP-C analogues were instilled in ventilated premature newborn rabbits. Lung functions were evaluated. RESULTS Treatment with Curosurf or phospholipids from Curosurf combined with SP-B and SP-C analogues gave similar results. Treatment with phospholipids from adult rabbit lungs or liver combined with dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC) and palmitoyloleoylphosphatidylglycerol (POPG) gave tidal volumes (VT) well above physiological levels, but alveolar stability at end-expiration was only achieved when these phospholipids were combined with analogues of SP-B and SP-C. Treatment with egg yolk-PC mixed with DPPC with and without POPG gave small VT, but after addition of both analogues VT was only somewhat lower and lung gas volumes (LGV) similar to those obtained with Curosurf. Substitution of egg yolk-PC (≥99% PC) with 1-palmitoyl-2-oleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine and 1-palmitoyl-2-linoleoyl-sn-glycero-3-phosphocholine, and combining them with DPPC, POPG and 2% each of the SP-B and SP-C analogue gave a completely synthetic surfactant with similar effects on VT and LGV as Curosurf. CONCLUSIONS Phospholipid composition is important for VT while the SP-B and SP-C analogues increase alveolar stability at end-expiration. Synthetic surfactant consisting of unsaturated and saturated phosphatidylcholines, POPG and the analogues of SP-B and SP-C has similar activity as Curosurf regarding VT and LGV in an animal model using preterm newborn rabbits ventilated without positive end-expiratory pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Calkovska
- Laboratory for Surfactant Research, Department of Molecular Medicine and Surgery, Karolinska Institutet at Karolinska University Hospital, Stockholm, Sweden
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Hermans E, Bhamla MS, Kao P, Fuller GG, Vermant J. Lung surfactants and different contributions to thin film stability. SOFT MATTER 2015; 11:8048-57. [PMID: 26307946 DOI: 10.1039/c5sm01603g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
The surfactant lining the walls of the alveoli in the lungs increases pulmonary compliance and prevents collapse of the lung at the end of expiration. In premature born infants, surfactant deficiency causes problems, and lung surfactant replacements are instilled to facilitate breathing. These pulmonary surfactants, which form complex structured fluid-fluid interfaces, need to spread with great efficiency and once in the alveolus they have to form a thin stable film. In the present work, we investigate the mechanisms affecting the stability of surfactant-laden thin films during spreading, using drainage flows from a hemispherical dome. Three commercial lung surfactant replacements Survanta, Curosurf and Infasurf, along with the phospholipid dipalmitoylphosphatidylcholine (DPPC), are used. The surface of the dome can be covered with human alveolar epithelial cells and experiments are conducted at the physiological temperature. Drainage is slowed down due to the presence of all the different lung surfactant replacements and therefore the thin films show enhanced stability. However, a scaling analysis combined with visualization experiments demonstrates that different mechanisms are involved. For Curosurf and Infasurf, Marangoni stresses are essential to impart stability and interfacial shear rheology does not play a role, in agreement with what is observed for simple surfactants. Survanta, which was historically the first natural surfactant used, is rheologically active. For DPPC the dilatational properties play a role. Understanding these different modes of stabilization for natural surfactants can benefit the design of effective synthetic surfactant replacements for treating infant and adult respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eline Hermans
- Department of Chemical Engineering, KU Leuven, Belgium
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Evaluation of therapeutic pulmonary surfactants by thin liquid film methods. Adv Colloid Interface Sci 2015; 222:709-15. [PMID: 25132222 DOI: 10.1016/j.cis.2014.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/31/2014] [Revised: 07/28/2014] [Accepted: 07/29/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
An example of the application of the Black Foam Film (BFF) Method and the Wetting Film Method, using the Microinterferomertric and the Pressure Balance Techniques, for characterization interfacial properties of the animal derived therapeutic pulmonary surfactant preparations (TSP), is presented. BFF thickness, probability of black film formation, and disjoining pressure for foam films from TSP aqueous solutions are measured as well as the wetting properties of TSP solutions on solid surfaces with different hydrophobicity have been studied. Interfacial characteristics such as minimal surfactant concentration to obtain black film (critical concentration) and concentration at which a black film is 100% obtained (threshold concentration) are determined. An evaluation of the four widely used TSP – Curosurf, Infasurf, Survanta, and Alveofact – by these methods has been carried out. Thus the methods of the thin liquid films are useful tools for studying the interfacial properties of TSP solutions, as well as for their improvement.
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