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Xie Y, Zhang Y, Lin F, Chen X, Xing J. The effect of malaria-induced alteration of metabolism on piperaquine disposition in Plasmodium yoelii infected mice and predicted in malaria patients. Int J Antimicrob Agents 2024; 64:107209. [PMID: 38761871 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijantimicag.2024.107209] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/08/2024] [Accepted: 05/11/2024] [Indexed: 05/20/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES Malaria-induced alteration of physiological parameters and pharmacokinetic properties of antimalarial drugs may be clinically relevant. Whether and how malaria alters the disposition of piperaquine (PQ) was investigated in this study. METHODS The effect of malaria on drug metabolism-related enzymes and PQ pharmacokinetic profiles was studied in Plasmodium yoelii-infected mice in vitro/in vivo. Whether the malaria effect was clinically relevant for PQ was evaluated using a validated physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model with malaria-specific scalars obtained in mice. RESULTS The infection led to a higher blood-to-plasma partitioning (Rbp) for PQ, which was concentration-dependent and correlated to parasitemia. No significant change in plasma protein binding was found for PQ. Drug metabolism-related genes (CYPs/UDP-glucuronosyltransferase/nuclear receptor, except for CYP2a5) were downregulated in infected mice, especially at the acute phase. The plasma oral clearances (CL/F) of three probe substrates for CYP enzymes were significantly decreased (by ≥35.9%) in mice even with moderate infection. The validated physiologically-based pharmacokinetic model indicated that the hepatic clearance (CLH) of PQ was the determinant of its simulated CL/F, which was predicted to slightly decrease (by ≤23.6%) in severely infected mice but not in malaria patients. The result fitted well with the plasma pharmacokinetics of PQ in infected mice and literature data on malaria patients. The blood clearance of PQ was much lower than its plasma clearance due to its high Rbp. CONCLUSIONS The malaria-induced alteration of drug metabolism was substrate-dependent, and its impact on the disposition of PQ and maybe other long-acting aminoquinoline antimalarials was not expected to be clinically relevant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuewu Xie
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Yifan Zhang
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Feifei Lin
- Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai, China
| | - Xiaoyue Chen
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China
| | - Jie Xing
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Shandong University, Jinan, China.
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2
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Skorokhod O, Vostokova E, Gilardi G. The role of P450 enzymes in malaria and other vector-borne infectious diseases. Biofactors 2024; 50:16-32. [PMID: 37555735 DOI: 10.1002/biof.1996] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2023] [Accepted: 07/24/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023]
Abstract
Vector-borne infectious diseases are still an important global health problem. Malaria is the most important among them, mainly pediatric, life-threatening disease. Malaria and other vector-borne disorders caused by parasites, bacteria, and viruses have a strong impact on public health and significant economic costs. Most vector-borne diseases could be prevented by vector control, with attention to the ecological and biodiversity conservation aspects. Chemical control with pesticides and insecticides is widely used as a measure of prevention although increasing resistance to insecticides is a serious issue in vector control. Metabolic resistance is the most common mechanism and poses a big challenge. Insect enzyme systems, including monooxygenase CYP P450 enzymes, are employed by vectors mainly to metabolize insecticides thus causing resistance. The discovery and application of natural specific inhibitors/blockers of vector P450 enzymes as synergists for commonly used pesticides will contribute to the "greening" of insecticides. Besides vector CYPs, host CYP enzymes could also be exploited to fight against vector-borne diseases: using mostly their detoxifying properties and involvement in the immune response. Here, we review published research data on P450 enzymes from all players in vector-borne infections, that is, pathogens, vectors, and hosts, regarding the potential role of CYPs in disease. We discuss strategies on how to exploit cytochromes P450 in vector-borne disease control.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oleksii Skorokhod
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ekaterina Vostokova
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Gianfranco Gilardi
- Department of Life Sciences and Systems Biology, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
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3
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De-Oliveira ACAX, Paumgartten FJR. Malaria-induced Alterations of Drug Kinetics and Metabolism in Rodents and Humans. Curr Drug Metab 2021; 22:127-138. [PMID: 33397251 DOI: 10.2174/1389200221999210101232057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Infections and inflammation lead to a downregulation of drug metabolism and kinetics in experimental animals. These changes in the expression and activities of drug-metabolizing enzymes may affect the effectiveness and safety of pharmacotherapy of infections and inflammatory conditions. OBJECTIVE In this review, we addressed the available evidence on the effects of malaria on drug metabolism activity and kinetics in rodents and humans. RESULTS An extensive literature review indicated that infection by Plasmodium spp consistently decreased the activity of hepatic Cytochrome P450s and phase-2 enzymes as well as the clearance of a variety of drugs in mice (lethal and non-lethal) and rat models of malaria. Malaria-induced CYP2A5 activity in the mouse liver was an exception. Except for paracetamol, pharmacokinetic trials in patients during acute malaria and in convalescence corroborated rodent findings. Trials showed that, in acute malaria, clearance of quinine, primaquine, caffeine, metoprolol, omeprazole, and antipyrine is slower and that AUCs are greater than in convalescent individuals. CONCLUSION Notwithstanding the differences between rodent models and human malaria, studies in P. falciparum and P. vivax patients confirmed rodent data showing that CYP-mediated clearance of antimalarials and other drugs is depressed during the symptomatic disease when rises in levels of acute-phase proteins and inflammatory cytokines occur. Evidence suggests that inflammatory cytokines and the interplay between malaria-activated NF-kB-signaling and cell pathways controlling phase 1/2 enzyme genes transcription mediate drug metabolism changes. The malaria-induced decrease in drug clearance may exacerbate drug-drug interactions, and the occurrence of adverse drug events, particularly when patients are treated with narrow-margin-of-safety medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana C A X De-Oliveira
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Francisco J R Paumgartten
- Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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4
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Almeida AC, Elias ABR, Marques MP, de Melo GC, da Costa AG, Figueiredo EFG, Brasil LW, Rodrigues-Soares F, Monteiro WM, de Lacerda MVG, Lanchote VL, Suarez-Kurtz G. Impact of Plasmodium vivax malaria and antimalarial treatment on cytochrome P450 activity in Brazilian patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2020; 87:1859-1868. [PMID: 32997351 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.14574] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
AIMS To investigate the impact of Plasmodium vivax malaria and chloroquine-primaquine chemotherapy on CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 activity in patients from the Brazilian Amazon. METHODS Adult patients (n = 30) were given subtherapeutic doses of CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 phenotypic probes metoprolol (10 mg) and omeprazole (2 mg) in three different stages of vivax malaria illness: acute disease (study phase 1), post chemotherapy (phase 2) and convalescence (stage 3). Plasma concentrations of probes and CYP-hydroxylated metabolites (α-OH metoprolol and 5-OH omeprazole) were measured using LC/MS/MS. Two pharmacokinetic metrics were used to estimate CYP activity: (a) ratio of plasma concentrations of probe/metabolite at 240 minutes after administration of the probes and (b) ratio of areas under the time-concentration curves for probe/metabolite (AUC0-12h ). For statistical analysis, the pharmacokinetic metrics were normalized to the respective values in phase 3. Taqman assays were used for CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 genotyping. Cytokines levels were measured using cytometric bead array. RESULTS Both pharmacokinetic metrics for metoprolol and omeprazole, and plasma concentrations of cytokines IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 varied significantly across the three study phases (ANOVA P < 0.0001). Post hoc tests showed greater metoprolol:α-OH metoprolol ratios in phases 1 and 2 compared to phase 3, larger omeprazole:5-OH omeprazole ratios in phase 1 than in phases 2 and 3, and higher circulating IL-6, IL-8 and IL-10 in phase 1 than in phases 2 and 3. CONCLUSION P. vivax malaria and treatment altered CYP2D6 and CYP2C19 metabolic phenotypes. CYP2C19 inhibition is attributed to a higher level of circulating proinflammatory cytokines, while suppression of CYP2D6 is ascribed mainly to chloroquine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Cristine Almeida
- Gerência de Malária, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | | | - Maria Paula Marques
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
| | - Gisely Cardoso de Melo
- Gerência de Malária, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Allyson Guimarães da Costa
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Departamento de Pesquisa, Fundação Hospitalar de Hematologia e Hemoterapia do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Erick Frota Gomes Figueiredo
- Gerência de Malária, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Larissa Wanderley Brasil
- Gerência de Malária, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Fernanda Rodrigues-Soares
- Departamento de Patologia, Genética e Evolução, Universidade Federal do Triângulo Mineiro, Uberaba, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Wuelton Marcelo Monteiro
- Gerência de Malária, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Programa de Pós-graduação em Medicina Tropical, Universidade do Estado do Amazonas, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Marcus Vinicius Guimarães de Lacerda
- Gerência de Malária, Fundação de Medicina Tropical Dr. Heitor Vieira Dourado, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil.,Instituto Leônidas & Maria Deane, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Manaus, Amazonas, Brazil
| | - Vera Lucia Lanchote
- Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Universidade de São Paulo, Ribeirão Preto, Brazil
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5
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Mimche SM, Lee CM, Liu KH, Mimche PN, Harvey RD, Murphy TJ, Nyagode BA, Jones DP, Lamb TJ, Morgan ET. A non-lethal malarial infection results in reduced drug metabolizing enzyme expression and drug clearance in mice. Malar J 2019; 18:234. [PMID: 31299982 PMCID: PMC6624958 DOI: 10.1186/s12936-019-2860-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2019] [Accepted: 07/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Given the central importance of anti-malarial drugs in the treatment of malaria, there is a need to understand the effect of Plasmodium infection on the broad spectrum of drug metabolizing enzymes. Previous studies have shown reduced clearance of quinine, a treatment for Plasmodium infection, in individuals with malaria. Methods The hepatic expression of a large panel of drug metabolizing enzymes was studied in the livers of mice infected with the AS strain of Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi, a nonlethal parasite in most strains of mice with several features that model human Plasmodium infections. C57BL/6J mice were infected with P. chabaudi by intraperitoneal injection of infected erythrocytes and sacrificed at different times after infection. Relative hepatic mRNA levels of various drug metabolizing enzymes, cytokines and acute phase proteins were measured by reverse transcriptase-real time PCR. Relative levels of cytochrome P450 proteins were measured by Western blotting with IR-dye labelled antibodies. Pharmacokinetics of 5 prototypic cytochrome P450 substrate drugs were measured by cassette dosing and high-resolution liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry. The results were analysed by MANOVA and post hoc univariate analysis of variance. Results The great majority of enzyme mRNAs were down-regulated, with the greatest effects occurring at the peak of parasitaemia 8 days post infection. Protein levels of cytochrome P450 enzymes in the Cyp 2b, 2c, 2d, 2e, 3a and 4a subfamilies were also down-regulated. Several distinct groups differing in their temporal patterns of regulation were identified. The cassette dosing study revealed that at the peak of parasitaemia, the clearances of caffeine, bupropion, tolbutamide and midazolam were markedly reduced by 60–70%. Conclusions These findings in a model of uncomplicated human malaria suggest that changes in drug clearance in this condition may be of sufficient magnitude to cause significant alterations in exposure and response of anti-malarial drugs and co-medications. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12936-019-2860-5) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylvie M Mimche
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Choon-Myung Lee
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Ken H Liu
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Patrice N Mimche
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - R Donald Harvey
- Department of Hematology and Medical Oncology, Winship Cancer Institute, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Thomas J Murphy
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Beatrice A Nyagode
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Dean P Jones
- Division of Pulmonary, Allergy and Critical Care Medicine, Department of Medicine, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Tracey J Lamb
- Division of Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA
| | - Edward T Morgan
- Department of Pharmacology and Chemical Biology, Emory University School of Medicine, Atlanta, GA, 30322, USA.
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6
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Zhong Y, Li S, Chen L, Liu Z, Luo X, Xu P, Chen L. In Vivo Toxicity of Solasonine and Its Effects on cyp450 Family Gene Expression in the Livers of Male Mice from Four Strains. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:toxins10120487. [PMID: 30477109 PMCID: PMC6315709 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10120487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/20/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Solasonine was reported to inhibit tumour cell growth in several different models. The in vivo toxicity of solasonine, the effects of genetic background on its toxicity, and its possible roles in regulating the expression of cyp450 family genes were still unclear and required characterisation. Here, Horn’s assays were performed on male mice from four different strains, and the expression of cyp450 family genes in their livers was examined by RT-PCR and ELISA. Mice treated by intraperitoneal injection with high levels of solasonine showed immediate post-excitatory depression, intraperitoneal tissue adhesion, and dissolving of cells in the liver. Furthermore, these four mouse strains showed different toxicological sensitivity to solasonine. The strains, in decreasing order of LD50 value, rescuing speed of body weight, and more severe pathological symptoms, were KM, ICR, C57BL/6, and BALB/c. Interestingly, more cyp450 genes were downregulated at the mRNA and/or protein level in the livers of male mice from C57BL/6 or BALB/c strains than those from KM or ICR strains. These results suggest that (1) Solasonine has hepatic toxicity and downregulates cyp450 genes expression at transcriptional and/or post-transcriptional levels; (2) Genetic background is an important factor which can affect the in vivo toxicity; (3) Downregulation of cyp450 gene expression in the liver may be a clue to help understand whether or not a given strain is sensitive to solasonine; (4) Influences on the expression of cyp450 genes should be considered when using solasonine alone, or in combination with other drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youbao Zhong
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Shanshan Li
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Liling Chen
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Zhiyong Liu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Xiaoquan Luo
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Peng Xu
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
| | - Lai Chen
- Laboratory Animal Research Center for Science and Technology, Jiangxi University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, 1688 Meiling Road, Nanchang 330004, China.
- Key Laboratory of Pharmacology of Traditional Chinese Medicine in Jiangxi, Nanchang 330004, China.
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Morgan ET, Dempsey JL, Mimche SM, Lamb TJ, Kulkarni S, Cui JY, Jeong H, Slitt AL. Physiological Regulation of Drug Metabolism and Transport: Pregnancy, Microbiome, Inflammation, Infection, and Fasting. Drug Metab Dispos 2018. [PMID: 29514828 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.117.079905] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
This article is a report on a symposium entitled "Physiological Regulation of Drug Metabolism and Transport" sponsored by the American Society for Pharmacology and Experimental Therapeutics and held at the Experimental Biology 2017 meeting in Chicago, IL. The contributions of physiologic and pathophysiological regulation of drug-metabolizing enzymes and transporters to interindividual variability in drug metabolism are increasingly recognized but in many cases are not well understood. The presentations herein discuss the phenomenology, consequences, and mechanism of such regulation. CYP2D6 transgenic mice were used to provide insights into the mechanism of regulation of this enzyme in pregnancy, via hepatocyte nuclear factor 4α, small heterodimer partner, and retinoids. Regulation of intestinal and hepatic drug-processing enzymes by the intestinal microbiota via tryptophan and its metabolites was investigated. The potential impact of parasitic infections on human drug metabolism and clearance was assessed in mice infected with Schistosoma mansoni or Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi AS, both of which produced widespread and profound effects on murine hepatic drug-metabolizing enzymes. Finally, the induction of Abcc drug efflux transporters by fasting was investigated. This was demonstrated to occur via a cAMP, protein kinase A/nuclear factor-E2-related factor 2/Sirtuin 1 pathway via antioxidant response elements on the Abcc genes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward T Morgan
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
| | - Joseph L Dempsey
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
| | - Sylvie M Mimche
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
| | - Tracey J Lamb
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
| | - Supriya Kulkarni
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
| | - Julia Yue Cui
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
| | - Hyunyoung Jeong
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
| | - Angela L Slitt
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Medicine, Emory University, Atlanta, Georgia (E.T.M., S.M.M.); Department of Pathology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, Utah (T.J.L.); Department of Pharmacy Practice and Department of Biopharmaceutical Sciences, College of Pharmacy, University of Illinois, Chicago, Illinois (H.J., J.L.D.); Department of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, University of Washington, Seattle, Washington (J.L.D., J.Y.C.); and Department of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Rhode Island, Kingston, Rhode Island (A.L.S., S.K.)
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8
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Coelho DR, De-Oliveira A, Parente T, Leal BS, das Chagas LF, Oliveira TN, Saint'Pierre TD, Paumgartten F. In vivo and in vitro effects of pentavalent antimony on mouse liver cytochrome P450s. Hum Exp Toxicol 2016; 36:33-41. [PMID: 26944940 DOI: 10.1177/0960327116637110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
Pentavalent antimonial (Sb5+) drugs such as meglumine antimoniate (MA) are the mainstay treatment of leishmaniases in developing countries. The effects of these compounds on drug-metabolizing enzymes have not been characterized and their potential pharmacokinetic interactions with other drugs are therefore unknown. The present study investigated whether treatment with MA (300 mg Sb5+/kg body weight/day, subcutaneously) for 24 days affected the activities of cytochrome P450 (CYP)1A (ethoxyresorufin- O-deethylase), CYP2A5 (coumarin 7-hydroxylase), CYP2E1 ( p-nitrophenol-hydroxylase), CYP2B9/10 (benzyloxy-resorufin- O-debenzylase), or CYP3A11 (erythromycin- N-demethylase) in the livers of Swiss Webster (SW) and DBA-2 male and female mice. The results showed that CYP2A5-, CYP2E1-, and CYP3A11-catalyzed reactions were unaffected by MA treatment. A decrease in CYP2B9/10 activity was noted in DBA-2 females (but not males) and was not observed in SW males or females. However, repeated MA administration reduced mouse liver CYP1A activity. CYP1A2 messenger RNA (mRNA) levels were not affected by MA and in vitro exposure of mouse liver microsomes to Sb3+ and Sb5+ did not reduce CYP1A activity. These findings suggested that in vivo treatment with Sb5+ drugs depressed CYP1A activity, without downregulating CYP1A2 mRNA expression. Since in vitro treatment of liver microsomes failed to inhibit CYP1A activity, this effect may require intact cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- D R Coelho
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Acax De-Oliveira
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Tem Parente
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - B S Leal
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - L F das Chagas
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T N Oliveira
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - T D Saint'Pierre
- 2 Department of Chemistry, Pontifical Catholic University of Rio de Janeiro, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Fjr Paumgartten
- 1 Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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Lanchote VL, Almeida R, Barral A, Barral-Netto M, Marques MP, Moraes NV, da Silva AM, Souza TMV, Suarez-Kurtz G. Impact of visceral leishmaniasis and curative chemotherapy on cytochrome P450 activity in Brazilian patients. Br J Clin Pharmacol 2015; 80:1160-8. [PMID: 25940755 DOI: 10.1111/bcp.12677] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2015] [Revised: 04/11/2015] [Accepted: 04/29/2015] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
AIMS The aim of the present study was to investigate the impact of human visceral leishmaniasis (VL) and curative chemotherapy on the activity of cytochrome P450 (CYP) 3A, CYP2C9 and CYP2C19 in patients from an endemic region in Brazil. METHODS Adult patients with parasitologically confirmed VL were given a CYP phenotyping cocktail, comprising midazolam, omeprazole and losartan, immediately before (Study phase 1), 2-3 days (phase 2) and 3-6 months (phase 3) after curative VL chemotherapy. CYP activity was assessed by the apparent clearance of midazolam (CYP3A), omeprazole/5-hydroxyomeprazol ratio in plasma (CYP2C19) and losartan/E3174 ratio in urine (CYP2C9). RESULTS Mean values (95% confidence interval) in phases 1, 2 and 3 were, respectively: log apparent midazolam clearance, 1.21 (1.10-1.31), 1.45 (1.32-1.57) and 1.35 (1.26-1.44) ml min(-1) kg(-1) ; omeprazole/5-hydroxyomeprazole ratio, 0.78 (0.61-0.94), 0.45 (0.27-0.63) and 0.37 (0.20-0.55); losartan/E3174 ratio, 0.66 (0.39-0.92), 0.35 (0.20-0.50) and 0.35 (0.16-0.53). Analysis of variance revealed significant differences in CYP3A (P = 0.018) and CYP2C19 (P = 0.008), but not CYP2C9 (P = 0.11) phenotypic activity, across the three study phases. CONCLUSION The phenotypic activities of CYP3A4 and CYP2C19 were significantly reduced during acute VL compared with post-chemotherapy. We propose that increased plasma concentrations of proinflammatory cytokines during active disease account for the suppression of CYP activity. The failure to detect significant changes in CYP2C9 activity in the overall cohort may reflect differential effects of the inflammatory process on the expression of CYP isoforms, although the possibility of insufficient statistical power cannot be dismissed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vera Lucia Lanchote
- Laboratório de Farmacocinética e Metabolismo, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Roque Almeida
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Aldina Barral
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz (CPqGM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Manoel Barral-Netto
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz (CPqGM), Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maria Paula Marques
- Laboratório de Farmacocinética e Metabolismo, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Natália V Moraes
- Laboratório de Farmacocinética e Metabolismo, Departamento de Análises Clínicas, Toxicológicas e Bromatológicas, Faculdade de Ciências Farmacêuticas de Ribeirão Preto, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Angela M da Silva
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
| | - Tania M V Souza
- Universidade Federal de Sergipe, Hospital Universitário, Aracaju, Sergipe, Brazil
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Sasaki K, Shimoda M. Possible drug-drug interaction in dogs and cats resulted from alteration in drug metabolism: A mini review. J Adv Res 2015; 6:383-92. [PMID: 26257936 PMCID: PMC4522589 DOI: 10.1016/j.jare.2015.02.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/07/2014] [Revised: 02/10/2015] [Accepted: 02/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Pharmacokinetic drug-drug interactions (in particular at metabolism) may result in fatal adverse effects in some cases. This basic information, therefore, is needed for drug therapy even in veterinary medicine, as multidrug therapy is not rare in canines and felines. The aim of this review was focused on possible drug-drug interactions in dogs and cats. The interaction includes enzyme induction by phenobarbital, enzyme inhibition by ketoconazole and fluoroquinolones, and down-regulation of enzymes by dexamethasone. A final conclusion based upon the available literatures and author's experience is given at the end of the review.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Minoru Shimoda
- Faculty of Agriculture, Tokyo University of Agriculture and Technology, Fuchu, Tokyo 183-8509, Japan
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Cressman AM, McDonald CR, Silver K, Kain KC, Piquette-Miller M. Malaria infection alters the expression of hepatobiliary and placental drug transporters in pregnant mice. Drug Metab Dispos 2013; 42:603-10. [PMID: 24281836 DOI: 10.1124/dmd.113.053983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Preventing and treating malaria in pregnancy is a global health priority. However little is known regarding the impact of malaria infection on the maternal and fetal disposition of pharmaceuticals and other xenobiotics. Our objective was to characterize expression of key determinants of drug-disposition in maternal and fetal tissues in a validated murine model of experimental placental malaria. Balb/c mice were infected with Plasmodium berghei at mid gestation [gestational day (GD) 13] and maternal, placental, and fetal tissues were collected at GD19. Expression of key ABC drug transporters and Cyp3a11 was examined by quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Western blotting was used to examine the protein expression of multidrug resistance protein 1 (MDR1, ABCB1). Compared with controls, placental mRNA expression of Abcb1a, Abcb1b, Abcc1, Abcc2, Abcc3, and Abcg2 were significantly downregulated in the malaria-infected group (P < 0.05), as was placental MDR1 protein (P < 0.05). Significantly decreased hepatic expression of Abcc2, Abcg2, and Abcb11 and significantly increased expression of Abcb1b, Abcc1, and Abcc3 were seen in malaria-infected dams (P < 0.05) in comparison with uninfected controls. The expression of Abcb1a and Abcg2 was significantly decreased in fetal liver of infected dams, whereas levels of Abcb1b were increased (P < 0.05). Maternal and fetal hepatic expression of Cyp3a11 was significantly downregulated in the malaria group (P < 0.05). Together, malaria-induced alterations in the expression of transporters and drug-metabolizing enzymes in maternal and fetal tissues may alter the disposition of endogenous and therapeutic substrates, potentially impacting maternal and fetal outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex M Cressman
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Leslie Dan Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (A.M.C., M.P.-M.); and Sandra Rotman Centre for Global Health, University Health Network-Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada (C.R.M., K.S., K.C.K.)
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12
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Chattopadhyay R, de la Vega P, Paik SH, Murata Y, Ferguson EW, Richie TL, Ooi GT. Early transcriptional responses of HepG2-A16 liver cells to infection by Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites. J Biol Chem 2011; 286:26396-405. [PMID: 21652718 PMCID: PMC3143603 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.m111.240879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2011] [Revised: 06/01/2011] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Invasion of hepatocytes by Plasmodium sporozoites deposited by Anopheles mosquitoes, and their subsequent transformation into infective merozoites is an obligatory step in the initiation of malaria. Interactions between the sporozoites and hepatocytes lead to a distinct, complex and coordinated cellular and systemic host response. Little is known about host liver cell response to sporozoite invasion, or whether it is primarily adaptive for the parasite, for the host, or for both. Our present study used gene expression profiling of human HepG2-A16 liver cells infected with Plasmodium falciparum sporozoites to understand the host early cellular events and factors influencing parasite infectivity and sporozoite development. Our results show that as early as 30 min following wild-type, non-irradiated sporozoite exposure, the expressions of at least 742 genes was selectively altered. These genes regulate diverse biological functions, such as immune processes, cell adhesion and communications, metabolism pathways, cell cycle regulation, and signal transduction. These functions reflect cellular events consistent with initial host cell defense responses, as well as alterations in host cells to sustain sporozoites growth and survival. Irradiated sporozoites gave very similar gene expression pattern changes, but direct comparative analysis between liver gene expression profiles caused by irradiated and non-irradiated sporozoites identified 29 genes, including glypican-3, that were specifically up-regulated only in irradiated sporozoites. Elucidating the role of this subset of genes may help identify the molecular basis for the irradiated sporozoites inability to develop intrahepatically, and their usefulness as an immunogen for developing protective immunity against pre-erythrocytic stage malaria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rana Chattopadhyay
- From the Malaria Program, United States Military Malaria Vaccine Program
| | - Patricia de la Vega
- From the Malaria Program, United States Military Malaria Vaccine Program
- Walter Reed Army Institute of Research and
| | - Sun H. Paik
- Sun BioMedical Technologies Inc., Ridgecrest, California 93555
| | - Yoko Murata
- Sun BioMedical Technologies Inc., Ridgecrest, California 93555
| | | | - Thomas L. Richie
- From the Malaria Program, United States Military Malaria Vaccine Program
- the Naval Medical Research Center, Silver Spring, Maryland 20910-7500 and
| | - Guck T. Ooi
- Sun BioMedical Technologies Inc., Ridgecrest, California 93555
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Gotardo MA, Hyssa JT, Carvalho RS, De-Carvalho RR, Gueiros LS, Siqueira CM, Sarpa M, De-Oliveira ACAX, Paumgartten FJR. Modulation of expression and activity of cytochrome P450s and alteration of praziquantel kinetics during murine schistosomiasis. Mem Inst Oswaldo Cruz 2011; 106:212-9. [DOI: 10.1590/s0074-02762011000200016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2010] [Accepted: 12/08/2010] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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De-Oliveira ACAX, Carvalho RS, Paixão FHM, Tavares HS, Gueiros LS, Siqueira CM, Paumgartten FJR. Up- and down-modulation of liver cytochrome P450 activities and associated events in two murine malaria models. Malar J 2010; 9:81. [PMID: 20307316 PMCID: PMC2858213 DOI: 10.1186/1475-2875-9-81] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2009] [Accepted: 03/22/2010] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background The mechanisms by which malaria up and down-regulates CYP activities are not understood yet. It is also unclear whether CYP activities are modulated during non-lethal malaria infections. This study was undertaken to evaluate the time course of CYP alterations in lethal (Plasmodium berghei ANKA) and non-lethal (Plasmodium chabaudi chabaudi) murine malaria. Additionally, hypotheses on the association of CYP depression with enhanced nitric oxide (NO) production, and of CYP2a5 induction with endoplasmic reticulum dysfunction, enhanced haem metabolism and oxidative stress were examined as well. Methods Female DBA-2 and C57BL/6 mice were infected with P.berghei ANKA or P. chabaudi and killed at different post-infection days. Infection was monitored by parasitaemia rates and clinical signs. NO levels were measured in the serum. Activities of CYP1a (ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase), 2b (benzyloxyresorufin-O-debenzylase), 2a5 (coumarin-7-hydroxylase) and uridine-diphosphoglucuronyl-transferase (UGT) were determined in liver microsomes. Glutathione-S-transferase (GST) activity and concentrations of gluthatione (GSH) and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) were determined in the liver. Levels of glucose-regulated protein 78 (GRP78) were evaluated by immunoblotting, while mRNAs of haemoxygenase-1 (HO-1) and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) were determined by quantitative RT-PCR. Results Plasmodium berghei depressed CYP1a and 2b and induced 2a5 in DBA-2 mice. In P.berghei-infected C57BL/6 mice CYP activities remained unaltered. In both strains, GST and UGT were not affected by P.berghei. Plasmodium c. chabaudi depressed CYP1a and 2b and induced 2a5 activities on the day of peak parasitaemia or near this day. CYP2a5 induction was associated with over-expression of HO-1 and enhanced oxidative stress, but it was not associated with GRP78 induction, a marker of endoplasmic reticulum stress. Plasmodium chabaudi increased serum NO on days near the parasitaemia peak in both strains. Although not elevating serum NO, P.berghei enhanced iNOS mRNA expression in the liver. Conclusion Down-regulation of CYP1a and 2b and induction of 2a5 occurred in lethal and non-lethal infections when parasitaemia rates were high. A contribution of NO for depression of CYP2b cannot be ruled out. Results were consistent with the view that CYP2a5 and HO-1 are concurrently up-regulated and suggested that CYP2a5 induction may occur in the absence of enhanced endoplasmic reticulum stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana Cecilia A X De-Oliveira
- Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology, Department of Biological Sciences, National School of Public Health, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil.
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