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Wang P, Zhu H, Tian JS, Zhu W, Xu S, Yao H, Liu J, Zhu Z, Miao CY, Xu J. Discovery of MT-1207: A Novel, Potent Multitarget Inhibitor as a Promising Clinical Candidate for the Treatment of Hypertension. J Med Chem 2024. [PMID: 38968440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jmedchem.4c00626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/07/2024]
Abstract
Herein, a series of novel arylpiperazine (piperidine) derivatives were designed, synthesized, and evaluated for mechanisms of action through in vitro and in vivo studies. The most promising compound, II-13 (later named as MT-1207), is a potent α1 and 5-HT2A receptor antagonist with remarkable IC50 in the picomolar level. Importantly, in the in vivo assay, II-13 achieved an effective blood pressure (BP) reduction in the 2K2C rat model without damaging renal function. Compound II-13, with its significant advantages in terms of pharmacological effects, pharmacokinetic parameters, and a large safety window, was extensively investigated. Moreover, data also showed that compound II-13 had fewer side effects in a postural BP assay and could prevent the onset of postural hypotension. Together, these results suggested that compound II-13 is a highly potent antihypertensive drug candidate with multitarget mechanisms of action in preclinical models. Currently, MT-1207 is in phase II hypertensive clinical trials in China.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Huajian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jia-Sheng Tian
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Wenjian Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Shengtao Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Hong Yao
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Jie Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
| | - Zheying Zhu
- Division of Molecular Therapeutics & Formulation, School of Pharmacy, The University of Nottingham, Nottingham NG7 2RD, U.K
| | - Chao-Yu Miao
- Department of Pharmacology, Second Military Medical University/Naval Medical University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jinyi Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines and Department of Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Żmudzka E, Lustyk K, Siwek A, Wolak M, Gałuszka A, Jaśkowska J, Kołaczkowski M, Sapa J, Pytka K. Novel Arylpiperazine Derivatives of Salicylamide with α 1-Adrenolytic Properties Showed Antiarrhythmic and Hypotensive Properties in Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 24:ijms24010293. [PMID: 36613736 PMCID: PMC9820316 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24010293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2022] [Revised: 12/09/2022] [Accepted: 12/21/2022] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Cardiovascular diseases remain one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Unfortunately, the available pharmacotherapeutic options have limited effectiveness. Therefore, developing new drug candidates remains very important. We selected six novel arylpiperazine alkyl derivatives of salicylamide to investigate their cardiovascular effects. Having in mind the beneficial role of α1-adrenergic receptors in restoring sinus rhythm and regulating blood pressure, first, using radioligand binding assays, we evaluated the affinity of the tested compounds for α-adrenergic receptors. Our experiments revealed their high to moderate affinity for α1- but not α2-adrenoceptors. Next, we aimed to determine the antiarrhythmic potential of novel derivatives in rat models of arrhythmia induced by adrenaline, calcium chloride, or aconitine. All compounds showed potent prophylactic antiarrhythmic activity in the adrenaline-induced arrhythmia model and no effects in calcium chloride- or aconitine-induced arrhythmias. Moreover, the tested compounds demonstrated therapeutic antiarrhythmic activity, restoring a normal sinus rhythm immediately after the administration of the arrhythmogen adrenaline. Notably, none of the tested derivatives affected the normal electrocardiogram (ECG) parameters in rodents, which excludes their proarrhythmic potential. Finally, all tested compounds decreased blood pressure in normotensive rats and reversed the pressor response to methoxamine, suggesting that their hypotensive mechanism of action is connected with the blockade of α1-adrenoceptors. Our results confirm the antiarrhythmic and hypotensive activities of novel arylpiperazine derivatives and encourage their further investigation as model structures for potential drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elżbieta Żmudzka
- Department of Social Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
- Correspondence:
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Wolak
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Adam Gałuszka
- Department of Automatic Control and Robotics, Silesian University of Technology, Akademicka 2A, 44-100 Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jolanta Jaśkowska
- Department of Organic Chemistry and Technology, Faculty of Chemical and Engineering and Technology, Cracow University of Technology, Warszawska 24, 31-155 Krakow, Poland
| | - Marcin Kołaczkowski
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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da Silva SB, Feitosa SGD, de L Alves SM, Santos RCA, Dos Anjos JV, Araújo AV. A Concise and Useful Guide to Understand How Alpha1 Adrenoceptor Antagonists Work. Mini Rev Med Chem 2022; 22:2383-2405. [PMID: 35507746 DOI: 10.2174/1389557522666220504141949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2022] [Revised: 02/23/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Adrenoceptors are the receptors for the catecholamines, adrenaline and noradrenaline. They are divided in α (α1 and α2) and β (β1, β2 and β3). α1-Adrenoceptors are subdivided in α1A, α1B and α1D. Most tissues express mixtures of α1-adrenoceptors subtypes, which appear to coexist in different densities and ratios, and in most cases their responses are probably due to the activation of more than one type. The three subtypes of α1-adrenoceptors are G-protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), specifically coupled to Gq/11. Additionally, the activation of these receptors may activate other signaling pathways or different components of these pathways, which leads to a great variety of possible cellular effects. The first clinically used α1 antagonist was Prazosin, for Systemic Arterial Hypertension (SAH). It was followed by its congeners, Terazosin and Doxazosin. Nowadays, there are many classes of α-adrenergic antagonists with different selectivity profiles. In addition to SAH, the α1-adrenoceptors are used for the treatment of Benign Prostatic Hyperplasia (BPH) and urolithiasis. This antagonism may be part of the mechanism of action of tricyclic antidepressants. Moreover, the activation of these receptors may lead to adverse effects such as orthostatic hypotension, similar to what happens with the antidepressants and with some antipsychotic. Structure-activity relationships can explain, in part, how antagonists work and how selective they can be for each one of the subtypes. However, it is necessary to develop new molecules which antagonize the α1-adrenoceptors or make chemical modifications in these molecules to improve the selectivity, pharmacokinetic profile and/or reduce the adverse effects of known drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sidiane B da Silva
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Atividade Física e Plasticidade Fenotípica - Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
| | - Sidney G D Feitosa
- Departamento de Química Fundamental - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, Cidade Universitária - Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Silvia M de L Alves
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Atividade Física e Plasticidade Fenotípica - Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
| | - Ruth C A Santos
- Laboratório de Nutrição, Atividade Física e Plasticidade Fenotípica - Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
| | - Janaína V Dos Anjos
- Departamento de Química Fundamental - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco. Av. Jornalista Aníbal Fernandes, s/n, Cidade Universitária - Recife, PE, 50740-560, Brazil
| | - Alice V Araújo
- Núcleo de Saúde Pública, Centro Acadêmico de Vitória - Universidade Federal de Pernambuco R. Alto do Reservatório, s/n Bela Vista - Vitória de Santo Antão, PE, 50608-680, Brazil
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Kowalska M, Fijałkowski Ł, Kubacka M, Sałat K, Grześk G, Nowaczyk J, Nowaczyk A. Antiepileptic Drug Tiagabine Does Not Directly Target Key Cardiac Ion Channels Kv11.1, Nav1.5 and Cav1.2. Molecules 2021; 26:3522. [PMID: 34207748 PMCID: PMC8226520 DOI: 10.3390/molecules26123522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Tiagabine is an antiepileptic drug used for the treatment of partial seizures in humans. Recently, this drug has been found useful in several non-epileptic conditions, including anxiety, chronic pain and sleep disorders. Since tachycardia-an impairment of cardiac rhythm due to cardiac ion channel dysfunction-is one of the most commonly reported non-neurological adverse effects of this drug, in the present paper we have undertaken pharmacological and numerical studies to assess a potential cardiovascular risk associated with the use of tiagabine. A chemical interaction of tiagabine with a model of human voltage-gated ion channels (VGICs) is described using the molecular docking method. The obtained in silico results imply that the adverse effects reported so far in the clinical cardiological of tiagabine could not be directly attributed to its interactions with VGICs. This is also confirmed by the results from the isolated organ studies (i.e., calcium entry blocking properties test) and in vivo (electrocardiogram study) assays of the present research. It was found that tachycardia and other tiagabine-induced cardiac complications are not due to a direct effect of this drug on ventricular depolarization and repolarization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kowalska
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.F.)
| | - Łukasz Fijałkowski
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.F.)
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Kinga Sałat
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna St., 30-688 Krakow, Poland; (M.K.); (K.S.)
| | - Grzegorz Grześk
- Department of Cardiology and Clinical Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 75 Ujejskiego St., 85-168 Bydgoszcz, Poland;
| | - Jacek Nowaczyk
- Physical Chemistry and Chemistry of Polymers, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University, 7 Gagarina St., 87-100 Toruń, Poland;
| | - Alicja Nowaczyk
- Department of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Ludwik Rydygier Collegium Medicum in Bydgoszcz, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Toruń, 87-100 Toruń, Poland; (M.K.); (Ł.F.)
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MH-76, a Novel Non-Quinazoline α 1-Adrenoceptor Antagonist, but Not Prazosin Reduces Inflammation and Improves Insulin Signaling in Adipose Tissue of Fructose-Fed Rats. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2021; 14:ph14050477. [PMID: 34069933 PMCID: PMC8157569 DOI: 10.3390/ph14050477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2021] [Revised: 05/09/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Quinazoline α1-adrenoceptors antagonists have been shown to exert moderately favorable effects on the metabolic profile in hypertensive patients. However, based on AntiHypertensive and Lipid-Lowering Treatment to Prevent Heart Attack Trial (ALLHAT) results, they are no longer recommended as a first line therapy of hypertension. Recent studies have shown that quinazoline-based α1-adrenoceptors antagonists (prazosin, doxazosin) induce the apoptosis and necrosis, which may be responsible for ALLHAT outcomes; however, these effects were proven to be independent of α1-adrenoceptor blockade and were associated with the presence of quinazoline moiety. MH-76 (1-[3-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)propyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride)) is a non-quinazoline α1-adrenoceptor antagonist which, in fructose-fed rats, exerted antihypertensive effect, and, contrary to prazosin, reduced insulin resistance and abdominal adiposity. In this study we aimed to further investigate and compare the effects of MH-76 and prazosin on inflammation in adipose tissue of fructose-fed rats. Methods: Abdominal adipose tissue was collected from four groups of fructose-fed rats (Control, Fructose, Fructose + MH-76 and Fructose + Prazosin) and subjected to biochemical, histopathological and immunohistochemical studies. Moreover, selected tissue distribution studies were performed. Results: Treatment with MH-76 but not with prazosin improved endothelial integrity, reduced adipose tissue inflammation and infiltration by immune cells, resulting in lowering leptin, MCP-1, IL-6, TNF-α and PAI-1 levels. In adipose tissue from Fructose + MH-76 animals, a higher amount of eosinophils accompanied with higher IL-4 concentration was observed. Treatment with MH-76 but not with prazosin markedly reduced phosphorylation of IRS-1 at Ser307. Conclusion: MH-76 may improve insulin signaling in adipose tissue by reducing the pro-inflammatory cytokine production and inhibiting the inflammatory cells recruitment. In contrast, in adipose tissue from animals treated with prazosin, the inflammatory effect was clearly enhanced.
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Kubacka M, Kotańska M, Szafarz M, Pociecha K, Waszkielewicz AM, Marona H, Filipek B, Mogilski S. Beneficial effects of non-quinazoline α 1-adrenolytics on hypertension and altered metabolism in fructose-fed rats. A comparison with prazosin. Nutr Metab Cardiovasc Dis 2019; 29:751-760. [PMID: 31133498 DOI: 10.1016/j.numecd.2019.04.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Revised: 02/13/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2019] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND AIMS Metabolic syndrome associated with insulin resistance and hypertension is often caused by excessive fructose consumption. Treatment of hypertension in patients with metabolic syndrome is a difficult task as many antihypertensive drugs have adverse effects on the metabolic profile. We investigated if MH-76 and MH-79, non-quinazoline α1-adrenoceptor antagonists with an additional ability to stimulate NO/cGMP/K+ pathway, ameliorates metabolic syndrome in fructose-fed rats. As reference compound prazosin was used. METHODS AND RESULTS Male rats were divided into 5 groups (n = 8) and studied for 18 weeks: group control: standard diet and drinking water; group Fructose: high-fructose diet (20% fructose in drinking water); groups Fructose + MH-76, Fructose + MH-79, Fructose + prazosin: high-fructose diet with subsequent MH-76, MH-79 (5 mg/kg/day ip) or prazosin (0.2 mg/kg/day ip) treatment 12 weeks later. In addition to their antihypertensive effect, the studied compounds reversed endothelial dysfunction, decreased hyperglycemia and hypertriglyceridemia, as well as prevented abdominal adiposity. Moreover, MH-76 reduced insulin resistance and decreased TNF-α concentration and lipid peroxidation in adipose tissue. Prazosin treatment exerted an antihypertensive effect, reduced hyperglycemia but did not improve endothelial dysfunction, insulin resistance, and abdominal adiposity. The lower efficacy of prazosin may be the result of its short half-time and the lack of described pleiotropic effects. CONCLUSIONS α1-adrenoceptor blockade, endothelial protection, TNF-α suppressing and antioxidant activity together with favorable pharmacokinetic parameters determines high efficacy of MH-76, leading to the effective improvement of hemodynamic and metabolic disturbances in metabolic syndrome. The use of non-quinazoline, multiple-targeted α1-blockers may be an interesting option for treatment of hypertension with metabolic complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szafarz
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Krzysztof Pociecha
- Department of Pharmacokinetics and Physical Pharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna M Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Kubacka M, Zadrożna M, Nowak B, Kotańska M, Filipek B, Waszkielewicz AM, Marona H, Mogilski S. Reversal of cardiac, vascular, and renal dysfunction by non-quinazoline α1-adrenolytics in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats: a comparison with prazosin, a quinazoline-based α1-adrenoceptor antagonist. Hypertens Res 2019; 42:1125-1141. [PMID: 30872813 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-019-0239-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Revised: 12/11/2018] [Accepted: 02/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated the therapeutic effect of MH-76 and MH-79, which are non-quinazoline α1-adrenoceptor antagonists with an additional ability to stimulate the nitric oxide (NO)/cyclic guanosine monophosphate (cGMP)/K + pathway, on deoxycorticosterone acetate (DOCA)-salt induced hypertension in rats. Prazosin was used as a reference compound, as quinazoline-based α1-adrenolytics may potentially exert unfavorable proapoptotic and necrotic effects. DOCA-salt hypertension was induced by DOCA (20 mg/kg s.c., twice weekly) administration plus 1% NaCl and 0.2% KCl solutions in drinking water for 12 weeks. The studied compounds MH-76, MH-79 (10 mg/kg i.p.) or prazosin (0.4 mg/kg i.p.) were administered to the DOCA-salt-treated rats, starting from the 6th week of DOCA-salt treatment and continuing for 6 weeks. This study showed that the administration of MH-79 and, to a lesser extent, MH-76 decreased elevated systolic blood pressure and heart rate, reduced heart and kidney hypertrophy, and reversed the histopathological alterations of the heart, kidney, and vessels in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. MH-79 reversed endothelial dysfunction, which reduced inflammatory cell infiltration, arteriosclerotic alterations in renal and coronary arteries, and tubulointerstitial fibrosis. Prazosin showed a potent hemodynamic effect and reduced cardiac and renal fibrosis but exerted detrimental effects on blood vessels, potentiating fibroplasia of the media of the intrarenal artery and causing calcification of coronary arteries. Prazosin did not reverse endothelial dysfunction. Our results show the beneficial effect of non-quinazoline α1-adrenolytics on cardiac, vascular, and renal dysfunction in DOCA-salt hypertensive rats. Our findings also support the idea that targeting endothelial protection and endothelial integrity would yield beneficial effects against cardiac, blood vessel and renal injury related to hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kubacka
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Monika Zadrożna
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Cytobiology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Nowak
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Cytobiology, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Waszkielewicz
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Pharmacodynamics, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Kotańska M, Kulig K, Marcinkowska M, Bednarski M, Malawska K, Zaręba P. Metabolic benefits of 1-(3-(4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)pyrrolidin-2-one: a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist. J Endocrinol Invest 2018; 41:609-619. [PMID: 29110282 PMCID: PMC5902538 DOI: 10.1007/s40618-017-0779-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2017] [Accepted: 10/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE Previous studies have shown that several components of the metabolic syndrome, such as hypertension, obesity or imbalanced lipid and carbohydrate homeostasis, are associated with the sympathetic nervous system overactivity. Therefore, the inhibition of the adrenergic nervous system seems to be a reasonable and appropriate therapeutic approach for the treatment of metabolic disturbances. It has been suggested that non-selective adrenoceptor antagonists could be particularly beneficial, since α1-adrenoceptor antagonists can improve disrupted lipid and carbohydrate profiles, while the inhibition of the α2-adrenoceptor may contribute to body weight reduction. The aim of the present study was to investigate the metabolic benefits deriving from administration of a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist from the group of pyrrolidin-2-one derivatives. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential metabolic benefits deriving from chronic administration of a non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist, from the group of pyrrolidin-2-one derivatives. METHODS The α1- and α2-adrenoreceptor affinities of the tested compound-1-(3-(4-(o-tolyl)piperazin-1-yl)propyl)pyrrolidin-2-one had been investigated previously by means of the radioligand binding assay. In the present study, we extended the pharmacological profile characteristics of the selected molecule by additional intrinistic activity assays. Next, we investigated the influence of the tested compound on body weight, hyperglycemia, hypertriglyceridemia, blood pressure in the animal model of obesity induced by a high-fat diet, and additionally we measured the spontaneous activity and body temperature. RESULTS The intrinistic activity studies revealed that the tested compound is a potent, non-selective antagonist of α1B and α2A-adrenoceptors. After the chronic administration of the tested compound, we observed reduced level of triglycerides and glucose in the rat plasma. Interestingly, the tested did not reduce the body weight and did not influence the blood pressure in normotensive animals. Additionally, the administration of the tested compound did not change the animals' spontaneous activity and body temperature. CONCLUSION Non-selective α-adrenoceptor antagonist seems to carry potential benefits in the improvement of the reduction of elevated glucose and triglyceride level. The lack of influence on blood pressure suggests that compounds with such a pharmacological profile may be particulary beneficial for the patients with disturbed lipid and carbohydrate profile, who do not suffer from hypertension. These results are particulary valuable, since currently there are no safe α2A-adrenoceptor antagonist drugs available in clinical use with the ability to modulate hyperglycemia that would not affect blood pressure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Katarzyna Kulig
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Marcinkowska
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Marek Bednarski
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Jagiellonian University Medical College, 9 Medyczna Street, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Malawska
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Paula Zaręba
- Chair of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Department of Physicochemical Drug Analysis, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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Łażewska D, Kaleta M, Hagenow S, Mogilski S, Latacz G, Karcz T, Lubelska A, Honkisz E, Handzlik J, Reiner D, Satała G, Filipek B, Stark H, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Novel naphthyloxy derivatives – Potent histamine H3 receptor ligands. Synthesis and pharmacological evaluation. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:2573-2585. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2018] [Revised: 04/05/2018] [Accepted: 04/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Synthesis and biological activity of novel tert-butyl and tert-pentylphenoxyalkyl piperazine derivatives as histamine H 3R ligands. Eur J Med Chem 2018; 152:223-234. [PMID: 29723785 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2018.04.043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2018] [Revised: 04/19/2018] [Accepted: 04/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
As a continuation of our search for novel histamine H3 receptor ligands, a series of twenty four new tert-butyl and tert-pentyl phenoxyalkylamine derivatives (2-25) was synthesized. Compounds with three to four carbon atoms alkyl chain spacer were evaluated for their binding properties at human histamine H3 receptor (hH3R). The highest affinities were observed for 4-pyridyl derivatives 4, 10, 16 and 22 (Ki = 16.0-120 nM). As it has been shown in docking studies, those specific heteroaromatic 4-N piperazine substituents might interact with one of the key receptor interacting amino acids. Moreover, the most promising compounds exhibited anticonvulsant activity in the maximal electroshock-induced seizure (MES) model in mice. Furthermore, the blood-brain barrier penetration, the functional H3R antagonist potency as well as the pro-cognitive properties in the passive avoidance test were demonstrated for compound 10. In order to estimate drug-likeness of compound 10,in silico and experimental evaluation of metabolic stability in human liver microsomes was performed. In addition, paying attention to the results obtained within this study, the 4-pyridyl-piperazino moiety has been established as a new bioisosteric piperidine replacement in H3R ligands.
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11
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Kubacka M, Kotańska M, Kazek G, Waszkielewicz AM, Marona H, Filipek B, Mogilski S. Involvement of the NO/sGC/cGMP/K + channels pathway in vascular relaxation evoked by two non-quinazoline α 1-adrenoceptor antagonists. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 103:157-166. [PMID: 29653360 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.04.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2017] [Revised: 04/04/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study was to explore the α1-adrenoceptor-independent mechanisms involved in the vasorelaxant properties of two non-quinazoline α1-adrenoceptors antagonists (MH-76 and MH-79). Endothelium intact and endothelium denuded rat aorta was contracted with 1 μM phenylephrine to plateau, and the vasodilatory effect of MH-76 and MH-79 was examined in the absence or presence of inhibitors of the different signal transduction pathways. cGMP concetration was measured in rat aorta (enzyme immunoassay kit). In human aortic endothelial cells (HAEC) NO production was examined using a DAF-FM DA fluorescent indicator, whereas in human aortic smooth muscle cells the influence of the title compounds on K+ efflux was evaluated. The vasorelaxant effect of MH-76 and MH-79 was attenuated by endothelium removal, Nω-Nitro-l-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and 1H-[1,2,4]Oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) pretreatment to the level characteristic for α1-adrenoreceptor blocking activity. In addition, the MH-76 and MH-79 induced relaxation was reduced by K+ channels blockers. In endothelium intact rat aorta, MH-76 and MH-79 caused an increase in cGMP level, whereas in HAEC they increased NO generation. In contrast, the reference, quinazoline based α1-antagonist prazosin, did not influence NO production. Our findings suggest that the mechanisms underlying the vasodilatory properties of non-quinazoline based α1-adrenoceptors antagonists MH-76 and MH-79 involve not only α1-adrenoceptor blocking activity but also the activation of the endothelial NO-cGMP signalling pathway and the subsequent opening of K+ channels. Our studies show that such double mechanism of action is superior to pure α1-adrenoceptor blockade, and may be considered as a promising alternative for the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kazek
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Anna Maria Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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12
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Kubacka M, Szkaradek N, Mogilski S, Pańczyk K, Siwek A, Gryboś A, Filipek B, Żmudzki P, Marona H, Waszkielewicz AM. Design, synthesis and cardiovascular evaluation of some aminoisopropanoloxy derivatives of xanthone. Bioorg Med Chem 2018; 26:3773-3784. [PMID: 29706529 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2018.04.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Revised: 04/10/2018] [Accepted: 04/16/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
A series of aminoisopropanoloxy derivatives of xanthone has been synthesized and their pharmacological properties regarding the cardiovascular system has been evaluated. Radioligand binding and functional studies in isolated organs revealed that title compounds present high affinity and antagonistic potency for α1-(compound 2 and 8), β-(compounds 1, 3, 4, 7), α1/β-(compounds 5 and 6) adrenoceptors. Furthermore, compound 7, the structural analogue of verapamil, possesses calcium entry blocking activity. The title compounds showed hypotensive and antiarrhythmic properties due to their adrenoceptor blocking effect. Moreover, they did not affect QRS and QT intervals, and they did not have proarrhythmic potential at tested doses. In addition they exerted anti-aggregation effect. The results of this study suggest that new compounds with multidirectional activity in cardiovascular system might be found in the group of xanthone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - N Szkaradek
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - S Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - K Pańczyk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - A Gryboś
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - B Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - P Żmudzki
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - H Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - A M Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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13
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Kubacka M, Kazek G, Kotańska M, Filipek B, Waszkielewicz AM, Mogilski S. Anti-aggregation effect of aroxyalkyl derivatives of 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine is due to their 5-HT2A and α2-adrenoceptor antagonistic properties. A comparison with ketanserin, sarpogrelate, prazosin, yohimbine and ARC239. Eur J Pharmacol 2018; 818:263-270. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2017.10.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2017] [Revised: 10/19/2017] [Accepted: 10/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Łażewska D, Kaleta M, Schwed JS, Karcz T, Mogilski S, Latacz G, Olejarz A, Siwek A, Kubacka M, Lubelska A, Honkisz E, Handzlik J, Filipek B, Stark H, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Biphenyloxy-alkyl-piperidine and azepane derivatives as histamine H 3 receptor ligands. Bioorg Med Chem 2017; 25:5341-5354. [PMID: 28797771 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmc.2017.07.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2017] [Revised: 07/25/2017] [Accepted: 07/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
Novel biphenyloxy-alkyl derivatives of piperidine and azepane were synthesized and evaluated for their binding properties at the human histamine H3 receptor. Two series of compounds were obtained with a meta- and a para-biphenyl moiety. The alkyl chain spacer contained five and six carbon atoms. The highest affinity among all compounds was shown by 1-(6-(3-phenylphenoxy)hexyl)azepane (13) with a Ki value of 18nM. Two para-biphenyl derivatives, 1-(5-(4-phenylphenoxy)pentyl)piperidine (14; Ki=25nM) and 1-(5-(4-phenylphenoxy)pentyl)azepane (16; Ki=34nM), classified as antagonists in a cAMP accumulation assay (IC50=4 and 9nM, respectively), were studied in detail. Compounds 14 and 16 blocked RAMH-induced dipsogenia in rats (ED50 of 2.72mg/kg and 1.75mg/kg respectively), and showed high selectivity (hH4R vs hH3R>600-fold) and low toxicity (hERG inhibition: IC50>1.70µM; hepatotoxicity IC50>12.5µM; non-mutagenic up to 10µM). Furthermore, the metabolic stability was evaluated in vitro on human liver microsomes (HLMs) and/or rat liver microsomes (RLMs). Metabolites produced were analyzed and tentatively identified by UPLC-MS techniques. The results demonstrated easy hydroxylation of the biphenyl ring.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Maria Kaleta
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - J Stephan Schwed
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tadeusz Karcz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Gniewomir Latacz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Olejarz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Annamaria Lubelska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Ewelina Honkisz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Jadwiga Handzlik
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamic, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Holger Stark
- Institute of Pharmaceutical and Medicinal Chemistry, Heinrich-Heine-University Düsseldorf, Universitätsstr. 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, ul. Medyczna 9, 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
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15
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Mogilski S, Kubacka M, Łażewska D, Więcek M, Głuch-Lutwin M, Tyszka-Czochara M, Bukowska-Strakova K, Filipek B, Kieć-Kononowicz K. Aryl-1,3,5-triazine ligands of histamine H 4 receptor attenuate inflammatory and nociceptive response to carrageen, zymosan and lipopolysaccharide. Inflamm Res 2016; 66:79-95. [PMID: 27766379 PMCID: PMC5209447 DOI: 10.1007/s00011-016-0997-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 10/06/2016] [Accepted: 10/11/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective and design Histamine H4 receptor (H4R) offers a great potential for new therapeutic strategies for the treatment of inflammation-based diseases. The aim of this study is to present the pharmacological profile of two recently synthesized ligands of H4R with particular reference to their anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity. Materials and subjects We used mice and rats in the in vivo tests. We also used murine RAW 264.7 cells and isolated guinea-pig ileum in in vitro test. Treatments In the in vivo tests, animals were pre-treated with the increasing doses of investigated compounds (12.5, 25 and 50 mg/kg) and reference compounds: JNJ7777120 (25 mg/kg), indomethacin (10 mg/kg). Macrophages were pre-treated with two concentrations of tested compounds 100 and 10 µM. Methods We examined anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of the new H4R antagonists in the in vivo models of inflammation induced by carrageenan or zymosan. We assessed the level of cAMP and release of cytokines, ROS and NO in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated RAW 264.7 macrophages. Moreover, we assessed the affinity of the investigated compounds for histamine H1 receptor in functional studies. Results Both investigated compounds reduced paw edema, mechanical and thermal hyperalgesia in the carrageenan-induced acute inflammation. Moreover, administration of the investigated compounds resulted in decreased granulocyte influx and attenuated nociceptive reaction in the zymosan-induced peritonitis model. In the same model of inflammation, the investigated compounds reduced vascular permeability; however, this effect was observed only after the highest applied dose. Furthermore, the test compounds had no impact on cell viability in the experiments on RAW 264.7 macrophages. In these cells, stimulated with LPS, the test compounds decreased reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. They increased the cellular concentration of cAMP and attenuated the production of inflammatory cytokines such as TNFα and IL-1β. All results were comparable to those obtained for the reference compound JNJ7777120 with the exception of the impact on NO production. Nevertheless, this effect was similar to that obtained for the other reference compound rolipram, which is a phosphodiesterase 4 (PDE 4) inhibitor. Further experiments revealed that both of the investigated compounds possessed relatively low affinity for histamine H1 receptor and do not inhibit the activity of the PDE 4B1 enzyme. In addition, all the effects of the investigated compounds in in vivo experiments were observed at doses that did not cause neurologic deficits in rotarod test and did not reduce spontaneous locomotor activity. Conclusions Our results demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and analgesic activity of the new aryl-1,3,5-triazine derivatives, which are primarily H4R–dependent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szczepan Mogilski
- Departament of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Departament of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Dorota Łażewska
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Więcek
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Tyszka-Czochara
- Department of Radioligands, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Bukowska-Strakova
- Department of Medical Biotechnology, Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland.,Department of Clinical Immunology and Transplantology, Polish-American Institute of Pediatrics, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Departament of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Kieć-Kononowicz
- Department of Technology and Biotechnology of Drugs, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688, Kraków, Poland
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16
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Waszkielewicz AM, Kubacka M, Pańczyk K, Mogilski S, Siwek A, Głuch-Lutwin M, Gryboś A, Filipek B. Synthesis and activity of newly designed aroxyalkyl or aroxyethoxyethyl derivatives of piperazine on the cardiovascular and the central nervous systems. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2016; 26:5315-5321. [PMID: 27692547 DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2016.09.037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2016] [Revised: 09/12/2016] [Accepted: 09/14/2016] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
In the search for new hypotensive agents some new aroxyalkyl or aroxyethoxyethyl derivatives of piperazine have been synthesized and evaluated for their pharmacological properties. Pharmacological tests included receptor binding assays toward adrenergic receptors α1, α2 and β1, additionally 5-HT1A, functional bioassay and in vivo evaluation of hypotensive activity as well as antidepressant-like potential. All the tested compounds exhibited α1-antagonistic properties, three of them possessed also hypotensive activity in rats. The most promising compound 3 1-[4-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)butyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine hydrochloride was a selective α1 receptor antagonist (Ki=23.5±1.3, α1/α2=15.77, pKB=8.538±0.109). It was active in all tested doses in vivo (1, 0.5, and 0.1mg/kg) and it reduced blood pressure by 10-13% at the dose of 1mg/kg (rats, i.v.). Compound 5 1-[2-(2,3-dimethylphenoxy)ethoxyethyl]-4-(2-methoxyphenyl)piperazine dihydrochloride exhibited the lowest dose for antidepressant-like activity 5mg/kgb.w. (mice, i.p.) without influence on spontaneous activity (mice, i.p.).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Maria Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland.
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Pańczyk
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Monika Głuch-Lutwin
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna Gryboś
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Medyczna 9, 30-688 Krakow, Poland
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17
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Kózka M, Słoczyńska K, Szkaradek N, Waszkielewicz AM, Pękala E, Marona H. Effect of some newly synthesized xanthone and piperazine derivatives with cardiovascular activity on rheology of human erythrocytes in vitro. Clin Hemorheol Microcirc 2016; 67:1-14. [PMID: 27567798 DOI: 10.3233/ch-16001a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
This in vitro study was designed to examine the effect of some newly synthesized aminoalcanolic derivatives of xanthone (I, II) and aroxyalkyl derivatives of 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine (III, IV) having cardiovascular activity on the haemorheological parameters of RBCs from healthy individuals and patients with chronic venous disease. Additionally, the influence of compounds I-IV on some RBCs associated enzymes such as acetylcholinesterase (Ache), glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PD) and glutathione reductase (GR) as well as glutathione (GSH) content were determined in vitro in RBCs from healthy subjects. The study showed that compounds I, III and IV significantly increased RBCs deformability. Moreover, both xanthone derivatives reduced RBCs aggregation and diminished RBCs aggregates strength in all RBCs groups. Compounds II and III significantly improved Ache activity, whereas compounds I and II increased G6PD and GR activity and GSH level. In conclusion, compounds I, III and IV, which significantly improved RBCs deformability in vitro, may facilitate the passage of blood in the vascular system. Additionally, compounds I and II which inhibit RBCs aggregates formation in vitro may contribute to more rapid degradation of red blood cell aggregates in circulating blood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mariusz Kózka
- Department of General Surgery, Division of Vascular Surgery, 5th Military Hospital with Polyclinic, Krakow, Poland
| | - Karolina Słoczyńska
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Natalia Szkaradek
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Anna M Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Pękala
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biochemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Krakow, Poland
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18
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Pytka K, Lustyk K, Żmudzka E, Kotańska M, Siwek A, Zygmunt M, Dziedziczak A, Śniecikowska J, Olczyk A, Gałuszka A, Śmieja J, Waszkielewicz AM, Marona H, Filipek B, Sapa J, Mogilski S. Chemically Homogenous Compounds with Antagonistic Properties at All α1-Adrenoceptor Subtypes but not β1-Adrenoceptor Attenuate Adrenaline-Induced Arrhythmia in Rats. Front Pharmacol 2016; 7:229. [PMID: 27536240 PMCID: PMC4971072 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2016.00229] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 07/15/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Studies proved that among all α1-adrenoceptors, cardiac myocytes functionally express only α1A- and α1B-subtype. Scientists indicated that α1A-subtype blockade might be beneficial in restoring normal heart rhythm. Therefore, we aimed to determine the role of α1-adrenoceptors subtypes (i.e., α1A and α1B) in antiarrhythmic effect of six structurally similar derivatives of 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine. We compared the activity of studied compounds with carvedilol, which is β1- and α1-adrenoceptors blocker with antioxidant properties. To evaluate the affinity for adrenergic receptors, we used radioligand methods. We investigated selectivity at α1-adrenoceptors subtypes using functional bioassays. We tested antiarrhythmic activity in adrenaline-induced (20 μg/kg i.v.), calcium chloride-induced (140 and 25 mg/kg i.v.) and barium chloride-induced (32 and 10 mg/kg i.v.) arrhythmia models in rats. We also evaluated the influence of studied compounds on blood pressure in rats, as well as lipid peroxidation. All studied compounds showed high affinity toward α1-adrenoceptors but no affinity for β1 receptors. Biofunctional studies revealed that the tested compounds blocked α1A-stronger than α1B-adrenoceptors, but except for HBK-19 they antagonized α1A-adrenoceptor weaker than α1D-subtype. HBK-19 showed the greatest difference in pA2 values-it blocked α1A-adrenoceptors around seven-fold stronger than α1B subtype. All compounds showed prophylactic antiarrhythmic properties in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia, but only the activity of HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19 (ED50 = 0.18-0.21) was comparable to that of carvedilol (ED50 = 0.36). All compounds reduced mortality in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia. HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19 showed therapeutic antiarrhythmic properties in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia. None of the compounds showed activity in calcium chloride- or barium chloride-induced arrhythmias. HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19 decreased heart rhythm at ED84. All compounds significantly lowered blood pressure in normotensive rats. HBK-18 showed the strongest hypotensive properties (the lowest active dose: 0.01 mg/kg). HBK-19 was the only compound in the group, which did not show hypotensive effect at antiarrhythmic doses. HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, HBK-19 showed weak antioxidant properties. Our results indicate that the studied 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine derivatives that possessed stronger α1A-adrenolytic properties (i.e., HBK-16, HBK-17, HBK-18, and HBK-19) were the most active compounds in adrenaline-induced arrhythmia. Thus, we suggest that the potent blockade of α1A-receptor subtype is essential to attenuate adrenaline-induced arrhythmia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Klaudia Lustyk
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Żmudzka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Magdalena Kotańska
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Pharmacobiology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Zygmunt
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Dziedziczak
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Joanna Śniecikowska
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Adrian Olczyk
- Control and Robotics Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland
| | - Adam Gałuszka
- Control and Robotics Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Computer Science, Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland
| | - Jarosław Śmieja
- Systems Engineering Group, Institute of Automatic Control, Faculty of Automatic Control, Electronics and Informatics, Silesian University of Technology Gliwice, Poland
| | - Anna M Waszkielewicz
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jagiellonian University Medical College Krakow, Poland
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Piperazine scaffold: A remarkable tool in generation of diverse pharmacological agents. Eur J Med Chem 2015; 102:487-529. [PMID: 26310894 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmech.2015.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 136] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2015] [Revised: 07/13/2015] [Accepted: 07/15/2015] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Piperazine is one of the most sought heterocyclics for the development of new drug candidates. This ring can be traced in a number of well established, commercially available drugs. Wide array of pharmacological activities exhibited by piperazine derivatives have made them indispensable anchors for the development of novel therapeutic agents. The review herein highlights the therapeutic significance of piperazine derivatives. Various therapeutically active piperazine derivatives developed by several chemists are reported here.
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Mogilski S, Kubacka M, Redzicka A, Kazek G, Dudek M, Malinka W, Filipek B. Antinociceptive, anti-inflammatory and smooth muscle relaxant activities of the pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives: Possible mechanisms of action. Pharmacol Biochem Behav 2015; 133:99-110. [PMID: 25847619 DOI: 10.1016/j.pbb.2015.03.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2014] [Revised: 03/21/2015] [Accepted: 03/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the analgesic as well as anti-inflammatory activities of the new pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives. Moreover, the present study attempted to assess some of the mechanisms involved in the pharmacological activity of these compounds. In the previous studies it was shown that these compounds were highly active in the phenylbenzoquinone-induced 'writhing syndrome' test and had much lower activity in the hot plate, which indicates that mainly peripheral mechanisms of analgesia are involved in their effects. In these extended studies the analgesic activity of two tested compounds (4c, 4f) was confirmed in some animal models of pain. The studied compounds showed a significant and dose-related antinociceptive effect in the models of pain induced by formalin, capsaicin and glutamic acid. Both compounds decreased the edema formation and one of them (4c) attenuated mechanical hyperalgesia in carrageenan-induced paw inflammation in rats. Furthermore, both compounds inhibited cell migration, plasma exudation and nociceptive reaction in zymosan A-induced mouse peritonitis. In the subsequent studies, including experiments on isolated organs (ileum, trachea, aorta), radioligand assays and biochemical tests, it was demonstrated that analgesic and anti-inflammatory effects of the investigated structures are largely due to their competitive antagonism for histamine H1 receptor. The influence on the level of cAMP in inflammatory cells (shown in RAW 264.7 macrophages) and subsequent inhibition of cytokine (TNFα, IL-1β) release can also be one of the important mechanisms of their action. Moreover some additional mechanisms may also be involved in the eventual analgesic effect of tested pyrrolo[3,4-d]pyridazinone derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland.
| | - Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Redzicka
- Department of Chemistry of Drugs, Wrocław Medical University, 211 Borowska Str., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kazek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Magdalena Dudek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
| | - Wiesław Malinka
- Department of Chemistry of Drugs, Wrocław Medical University, 211 Borowska Str., 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, 9 Medyczna Str., 30-688 Kraków, Poland
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Kubacka M, Mogilski S, Bednarski M, Raźny K, Sapa J, Waszkielewicz AM, Marona H, Filipek B. The nitric oxide/soluble cyclic guanylase/cyclic guanosine monophosphate pathway is involved in the cardiovascular effects of a novel α1- and β-adrenoceptor antagonist. Pharmacology 2014; 94:287-95. [PMID: 25531925 DOI: 10.1159/000369628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2014] [Accepted: 11/04/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The compound MH-78 ((+/-)-1-(2,6-dimethylphenoxy)-3-{4-[2-(2-methoxyphenoxy)ethyl]-piperazin-1-yl}propan-2-ol dihydrochloride) contains structural elements that are typical for α1- and β-blockers. This study aimed to investigate the hypotensive activity as well as the in vitro and in vivo cardiovascular effects of a novel α1- and β-adrenoceptor antagonist (MH-78) and compare it with carvedilol and urapidil. The procedures were performed on aortic rings of normotensive anesthetized rats. MH-78 decreased the blood pressure and heart rate after intravenous and oral administration. MH-78 possesses both α1- and β-adrenoceptor blocking activity, which was confirmed in the in vivo study. In biofunctional assays, MH-78 displayed vasorelaxant activity due to α1-adrenoceptor antagonism and calcium channel blocking properties. Moreover, in endothelium-intact aortic rings, pretreatment with Nω-nitro-L-arginine methyl ester (L-NAME) and 1H-[1,2,4]oxadiazolo[4,3-a]quinoxalin-1-one (ODQ) reduced the MH-78-induced vasorelaxation to a level that is characteristic for MH-78 affinity to α1-adrenoceptors. Our results demonstrated that MH-78 possesses α1- and β-adrenoceptor blocking properties and induces potent hypotensive and vasorelaxant effects. Moreover, it relaxes vascular smooth muscle not only due to α1-adrenoceptor blocking activity, but also via the endothelium-dependent nitric oxide/soluble guanylyl cyclase/cyclic guanosine monophosphate signalling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monika Kubacka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Medical College, Jagiellonian University, Kraków, Poland
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Rapacz A, Sapa J, Nowiński L, Mogilski S, Pytka K, Filipek B, Siwek A, Szkaradek N, Marona H. Biofunctional studies of new 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine xanthone derivatives with α₁-adrenolytic properties. Pharmacol Rep 2014; 67:267-74. [PMID: 25712649 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2014.10.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 10/13/2014] [Accepted: 10/13/2014] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The aim of this study was to assess the selectivity of the studied xanthone derivatives for α1-adrenoceptor subtypes (α1A, α1B, α1D, α1L) in functional experiments in order to verify if they possess any selectivity for a distinct subtype of α1-adrenoceptor. Moreover, several pharmacological tests were carried out to assess whether they reveal other than α1-adrenoceptor blocking properties such as: antagonistic for 5-HT2 receptors, vasorelaxant or spasmolytic. METHODS The influence on α1A-adrenoceptors was examined in biofunctional studies employing isolated rat vas deferens, on α1B-adrenoceptors in guinea-pig spleen, on α1D-adrenoceptors in rat aorta, and on α1L-adrenoceptors in rabbit spleen. Affinity for 5-HT2 receptors was measured in radioligand binding assay, whereas antagonistic potency for 5-HT2 receptors was studied on isolated rat aorta. Vasorelaxant effect of tested compounds was assessed in functional study employing rat aorta, whereas direct spasmolytic activity was investigated using the isolated rabbit small intestine. RESULTS The present study provides evidences that the tested 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine xanthone derivatives are non-selective α1-adrenoceptor blockers. However, at higher concentrations the direct spasmolytic effect could enhance their hypotensive activity. The obtained results indicate that the studied xanthones possessed weak calcium entry blocking activity, as well as antagonistic properties for 5-HT2A receptors. CONCLUSIONS The results of the present study support the idea that the hypotensive activity of the studied compounds is related to their α1-adrenolytic properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Rapacz
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland.
| | - Jacek Sapa
- Department of Pharmacological Screening, Chair of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Leszek Nowiński
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Szczepan Mogilski
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Karolina Pytka
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Barbara Filipek
- Department of Pharmacodynamics, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Agata Siwek
- Department of Cytobiology and Histochemistry, Laboratory of Pharmacobiology, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Natalia Szkaradek
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
| | - Henryk Marona
- Department of Bioorganic Chemistry, Chair of Organic Chemistry, Jagiellonian University Medical College, Kraków, Poland
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Antiarrhythmic activity of some xanthone derivatives with β1-adrenoceptor affinities in rats. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 738:14-21. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.05.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2014] [Revised: 05/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/10/2014] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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Allibe N, Eysseric-Guérin H, Fonrose X, Bartoli M, Barbieux M, Stanke-Labesque F. Une interférence analytique peut en cacher une autre : l’exemple de l’urapidil, du dépistage de MDMA et de l’identification d’un stimulant de synthèse, la 2-MeOPP. TOXICOLOGIE ANALYTIQUE ET CLINIQUE 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.toxac.2014.07.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Rapacz A, Pytka K, Sapa J, Kubacka M, Filipek B, Szkaradek N, Marona H. Antiarrhythmic, hypotensive and α1-adrenolytic properties of new 2-methoxyphenylpiperazine derivatives of xanthone. Eur J Pharmacol 2014; 735:10-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2014.04.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2013] [Revised: 03/26/2014] [Accepted: 04/01/2014] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
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Antiarrhythmic properties of some 1,4-disubstituted piperazine derivatives with α1-adrenoceptor affinities. Eur J Pharmacol 2013; 720:237-46. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2013.10.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2013] [Revised: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 10/16/2013] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
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