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Wang C, Niu Z, Zhang Y, Liu N, Ji X, Tian J, Guan L, Shi D, Zheng H, Gao Y, Zhao L, Zhang W, Zhang Z. Exosomal miR-129-2-3p promotes airway epithelial barrier disruption in PM 2.5-aggravated asthma. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2024; 370:123053. [PMID: 39467462 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2024.123053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2024] [Revised: 09/20/2024] [Accepted: 10/20/2024] [Indexed: 10/30/2024]
Abstract
Particulate matter 2.5 (PM2.5) exposure is intricately linked to asthma exacerbations. Damage to the airway epithelial barrier function serves as an initiating factor for asthma attacks and worsening symptoms. In recent years, numerous exosomal microRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as potential biomarkers for diagnosing asthma. However, the mechanisms by which PM2.5-induced exosomes exacerbate asthma remain unclear. This study aims to investigate the role of exosomal miR-129-2-3p in regulating airway epithelial cell barrier function, its potential targets, and signaling pathways involved in PM2.5-induced aggravation of asthma. In this study, miR-129-2-3p is highly expressed in plasma exosomes from patients with asthma, mouse lung tissue and plasma exosomes, and exosomes produced by PM2.5-stimulated 16HBE cells. Moreover, the exposure level of PM2.5 is positively correlated with exosomal miR-129-2-3p in plasma in patients with asthma. As the concentration of PM2.5 increases, the synthesis of connexin (ZO-1, occludin, and E-cadherin) is gradually weakened, while the content of inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-8, and TNF-α) is notably upregulated in PM2.5 exacerbated asthmatic mice. PM2.5-induced exosomes can decrease the level of connexin, enhance cell permeability and promote the secretion of inflammatory factors in 16HBE cells. TIAM1, a specific target gene for miR-129-2-3p, regulates the synthesis of connexin. Exosomal miR-129-2-3p exacerbates airway epithelial barrier dysfunction by targeted inhibition of the TIAM1/RAC1/PAK1 signaling pathway in PM2.5 aggravated asthma. In contrast, blocking miR-129-2-3p may be an alternative approach to therapeutic intervention in asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihong Wang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Shanxi Bethune Hospital, Shanxi Academy of Medical Sciences, Tongji Shanxi Hospital, Third Hospital of Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Zeyu Niu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Yan Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Nannan Liu
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Xiaotong Ji
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Jiayu Tian
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Linlin Guan
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Dongxing Shi
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Huiqiu Zheng
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Yuhui Gao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Lifang Zhao
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Wenping Zhang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China; Department of Toxicology, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China.
| | - Zhihong Zhang
- Department of Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, China; Center for Ecological Public Health Security of Yellow River Basin, Shanxi Medical University, China; MOE Key Laboratory of Coal Environmental Pathogenicity and Prevention, Shanxi Medical University, China.
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Gronau L, Duecker RP, Jerkic SP, Eickmeier O, Trischler J, Chiocchetti AG, Blumchen K, Zielen S, Schubert R. Dual Role of microRNA-146a in Experimental Inflammation in Human Pulmonary Epithelial and Immune Cells and Expression in Inflammatory Lung Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:7686. [PMID: 39062931 PMCID: PMC11276706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25147686] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/28/2024] Open
Abstract
microRNA (miR)-146a emerges as a promising post-transcriptional regulator in various inflammatory diseases with different roles for the two isoforms miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p. The present study aimed to examine the dual role of miR-146a-5p and miR-146a 3p in the modulation of inflammation in human pulmonary epithelial and immune cells in vitro as well as their expression in patients with inflammatory lung diseases. Experimental inflammation in human A549, HL60, and THP1 via the NF-kB pathway resulted in the major upregulation of miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p expression, which was partly cell-specific. Modulation by transfection with miRNA mimics and inhibitors demonstrated an anti-inflammatory effect of miR-146a-5p and a pro-inflammatory effect of miR-146a-3p, respectively. A mutual interference between miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p was observed, with miR-146a-5p exerting a predominant influence. In vivo NGS analyses revealed an upregulation of miR-146a-3p in the blood of patients with cystic fibrosis and bronchiolitis obliterans, while miR-146a-5p levels were downregulated or unchanged compared to controls. The reverse pattern was observed in patients with SARS-CoV-2 infection. In conclusion, miR-146a-5p and miR-146a-3p are two distinct but interconnected miRNA isoforms with opposing functions in inflammation regulation. Understanding their interaction provides important insights into the progression and persistence of inflammatory lung diseases and might provide potential therapeutic options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucia Gronau
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Ruth P. Duecker
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Silvija-Pera Jerkic
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Olaf Eickmeier
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Jordis Trischler
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Andreas G. Chiocchetti
- Department of Child and Adolescent Psychiatry, Psychosomatics and Psychotherapy, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Katharina Blumchen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
| | - Stefan Zielen
- Respiratory Research Institute, Medaimun GmbH, 60596 Frankfurt am Main, Germany;
| | - Ralf Schubert
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pneumology, Allergology, Infectious Diseases and Gastroenterology, University Hospital, Goethe University Frankfurt, 60590 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (L.G.); (R.P.D.); (S.-P.J.); (O.E.); (J.T.); (K.B.)
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Huang ZQ, Liu J, Sun LY, Ong HH, Ye J, Xu Y, Wang DY. Updated epithelial barrier dysfunction in chronic rhinosinusitis: Targeting pathophysiology and treatment response of tight junctions. Allergy 2024; 79:1146-1165. [PMID: 38372149 DOI: 10.1111/all.16064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Accepted: 02/09/2024] [Indexed: 02/20/2024]
Abstract
Tight junction (TJ) proteins establish a physical barrier between epithelial cells, playing a crucial role in maintaining tissue homeostasis by safeguarding host tissues against pathogens, allergens, antigens, irritants, etc. Recently, an increasing number of studies have demonstrated that abnormal expression of TJs plays an essential role in the development and progression of inflammatory airway diseases, including chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, asthma, allergic rhinitis, and chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) with or without nasal polyps. Among them, CRS with nasal polyps is a prevalent chronic inflammatory disease that affects the nasal cavity and paranasal sinuses, leading to a poor prognosis and significantly impacting patients' quality of life. Its pathogenesis primarily involves dysfunction of the nasal epithelial barrier, impaired mucociliary clearance, disordered immune response, and excessive tissue remodeling. Numerous studies have elucidated the pivotal role of TJs in both the pathogenesis and response to traditional therapies in CRS. We therefore to review and discuss potential factors contributing to impair and repair of TJs in the nasal epithelium based on their structure, function, and formation process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi-Qun Huang
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Li-Ying Sun
- First School of Clinical Medicine, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - Hsiao Hui Ong
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Jing Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, The 1st Affiliated Hospital, Jiangxi Medical College, Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yu Xu
- Department of Otolaryngology-Head and Neck Surgery, Renmin Hospital of Wuhan University, Wuhan, China
| | - De-Yun Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Infectious Diseases Translational Research Programme, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, National University Health System, Singapore, Singapore
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Layhadi JA, Lalioti A, Palmer E, van Zelm MC, Wambre E, Shamji MH. Mechanisms and Predictive Biomarkers of Allergen Immunotherapy in the Clinic. THE JOURNAL OF ALLERGY AND CLINICAL IMMUNOLOGY. IN PRACTICE 2024; 12:59-66. [PMID: 37996041 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaip.2023.11.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Revised: 11/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/16/2023] [Indexed: 11/25/2023]
Abstract
Allergen immunotherapy (AIT) remains to be the only disease-modifying treatment for IgE-mediated allergic diseases such as allergic rhinitis. It can provide long-term clinical benefits when given for 3 years or longer. Mechanisms of immune tolerance induction by AIT are underscored by the modulation of several compartments within the immune system. These include repair of disruption in epithelial barrier integrity, modulation of the innate immune compartment that includes regulatory dendritic cells and innate lymphoid cells, and adaptive immune compartments such as induction of regulatory T and B cells. Altogether, these are also associated with the dampening of allergen-specific TH2 and T follicular helper cell responses and subsequent generation of blocking antibodies. Although AIT is effective in modifying the immune response, there is a lack of validated and clinically relevant biomarkers that can be used to monitor desensitization, efficacy, and the likelihood of response, all of which can contribute to accelerating personalized medication and increasing patient care. Candidate biomarkers comprise humoral, cellular, metabolic, and in vivo biomarkers; however, these are primarily studied in small trials and require further validation. In this review, we evaluate the current candidates of biomarkers of AIT and how we can implement changes in future studies to help us identify clinically relevant biomarkers of safety, compliance, and efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Janice A Layhadi
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Anastasia Lalioti
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Elizabeth Palmer
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Menno C van Zelm
- Department of Immunology, Monash University and Alfred Health, Melbourne, Victoria, Australia; Department of Immunology, Erasmus MC, University Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands
| | - Erik Wambre
- Precision Immunology Institute, Icahn School of Medicine at Mount Sinai, New York, NY
| | - Mohamed H Shamji
- Department of National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College London, London, United Kingdom.
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Wang N, Li P, Liu J, Wang Z. MiR-29a-3p promotes nasal epithelial barrier dysfunction via direct targeting of CTNNB1-VCL module in allergic rhinitis. Int Immunopharmacol 2023; 120:110325. [PMID: 37262956 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2023.110325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2023] [Revised: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/08/2023] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis (AR) is resulted from immunoglobulin E (IgE)-mediated reactions to inhaled allergens which elicit mucosal inflammation and impair epithelial barrier integrity. However, whether miR-29a-3p as an epigenetic regulator that can contribute to epithelial barrier dysfunction in the pathogenesis of AR, and its underlying mechanism remians unclear. In this study, we discovered that miR-29a-3p was upregulated in AR patients and preferentially expressed in epithelial and glandular cells of nasal mucosa. VCL and CTNNB1, candidate target genes of miR-29a-3p, were predicted with several databases, including miRDB, miRanda, microT-CDS and TargetScan, and were validated through dual-luciferase reporter assay system. These two proteins were strongly associated with adherens junction (AJ) and tight junction (TJ) of nasal mucosa epithelial cells, in which played vital roles in mucosal integrity and nasal epithelial barrier function stability. Results for HNEpC culture and in vitro treatment experiments showed that expression of VCL and CTNNB1 were inhibited by miR-29a-3p mimic and were enhanced by miR-29a-3p inhibitor. In OVA-induced AR mice model, the expression pattern of miR-29a-3p and its target genes (Vcl and Ctnnb1) were consistent with the aforementioned quantitative results in AR patients, and miR-29a-3p antagomir could partially alleviate the symptom of OVA-induced AR in mice, restoring mucosal integrity and paracellular barrier function. In conclusion, our findings indicate that miR-29a-3p targets CTNNB1 and VCL to regulate nasal epithelial permeability and barrier function integrity, which may serve as a potential novel therapeutic target for the treatment of AR.
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Affiliation(s)
- Na Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Pu Li
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Junqi Liu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China
| | - Zhenlin Wang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, XuanWu Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 45, Changchun Street, Beijing 100053, PR China.
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Reduced miR-146a-5p Is a Biomarker of Infant Respiratory Diseases Contributing to Immune Dysregulation in Small Airway Epithelial Cells. Cells 2022; 11:cells11172746. [PMID: 36078154 PMCID: PMC9454747 DOI: 10.3390/cells11172746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2022] [Revised: 08/30/2022] [Accepted: 09/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Respiratory diseases such as bronchiolitis, and those with wheezing episodes, are highly important during infancy due to their potential chronicity. Immune response dysregulation is critical in perpetuating lung damage. Epigenetic modifications including microRNA (miRNA) post-transcriptional regulation are among the factors involved in alleviating inflammation. We evaluated the expression of miR-146a-5p, a previously described negative regulator of immunity, in infants with respiratory diseases, in order to study epigenetic regulation of the immune response. Nasopharyngeal aspirate (NPA) was obtained from infants with bronchiolitis (ongoing and post-disease) or with wheezing episodes in addition to healthy controls. Virus presence was determined by nested PCR, while miRNA and gene expression were studied in cells from NPAs using qPCR. Healthy small airway epithelial cells (SAECs) were used as an in vitro model. We observe a reduction in miR-146a-5p expression in infants with either of the two diseases compared to controls, suggesting the potential of this miRNA as a disease biomarker. Post-bronchiolitis, miR-146a-5p expression increases, though without reaching levels of healthy controls. MiR-146a-5p expression correlates inversely with the immune-related gene PTGS2, while its expression correlates directly with TSLP. When heathy donor SAECs are stimulated by poly:IC, we observe an increase in miR-146a-5p, with wounds having a synergistic effect. In conclusion, infants with respiratory diseases present reduced miR-146a-5p expression, possibly affecting immune dysregulation.
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Li Y, Tan S, Shen Y, Guo L. miR‑146a‑5p negatively regulates the IL‑1β‑stimulated inflammatory response via downregulation of the IRAK1/TRAF6 signaling pathway in human intestinal epithelial cells. Exp Ther Med 2022; 24:615. [PMID: 36160881 PMCID: PMC9468834 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2022.11552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/28/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The primary pathophysiological alteration caused by inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) is prolonged, excessive inflammatory response to stimulation factors, which leads to intestinal mucosal lesions. microRNA (miR)-146a-5p is broadly activated in the mucosal immune response. At present, the biogenesis, function and role of miR-146a-5p in intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) during the pathogenesis of IBD remain elusive. The human colon cancer epithelial Caco-2 cell line was cultured with 10 ng/ml recombinant human IL-1β for 3 h to establish an in vitro IECs inflammatory model. Relative levels of miR-146a-5p and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IP-10) were measured by reverse transcription-quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) and western blotting. Transfection of miR-146a-5p mimic or inhibitor into Caco-2 cells was performed to identify the influence of miR-146a-5p on Caco-2 cell inflammatory factors expression. The targeting relationship between miR-146a-5p and interleukin 1 receptor associated kinase 1 (IRAK1)/tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6) was predicted by TargetScan 8.0. The present study demonstrated that miR-146a-5p and inflammatory factors (IL-6, IL-1β, TNF-α and IP-10) were upregulated in a dose- and time-dependent manner in IL-1β-stimulated Caco-2 cells. Moreover, upregulation of miR-146a-5p negatively regulated the expression of inflammatory factors, but the downregulation of miR-146a-5p increased their expression. The results of the present study demonstrated that miR-146a-5p decreased the expression of the inflammatory factors through targeted downregulation of IRAK1/TRAF6. These results suggest that miR-146a-5p negatively regulates the IL-1β-stimulated inflammatory response via downregulation of the IRAK1/TRAF6 signaling pathway in human IECs. Therefore, miR-146a-5p may act as an important diagnostic biomarker and treatment target of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanli Li
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Shilian Tan
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Yuanying Shen
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
| | - Le Guo
- Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology, College of Basic Medicine, Dali University, Dali, Yunnan 671003, P.R. China
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Aghapour M, Ubags ND, Bruder D, Hiemstra PS, Sidhaye V, Rezaee F, Heijink IH. Role of air pollutants in airway epithelial barrier dysfunction in asthma and COPD. Eur Respir Rev 2022; 31:31/163/210112. [PMID: 35321933 PMCID: PMC9128841 DOI: 10.1183/16000617.0112-2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 11/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic exposure to environmental pollutants is a major contributor to the development and progression of obstructive airway diseases, including asthma and COPD. Understanding the mechanisms underlying the development of obstructive lung diseases upon exposure to inhaled pollutants will lead to novel insights into the pathogenesis, prevention and treatment of these diseases. The respiratory epithelial lining forms a robust physicochemical barrier protecting the body from inhaled toxic particles and pathogens. Inhalation of airborne particles and gases may impair airway epithelial barrier function and subsequently lead to exaggerated inflammatory responses and airway remodelling, which are key features of asthma and COPD. In addition, air pollutant-induced airway epithelial barrier dysfunction may increase susceptibility to respiratory infections, thereby increasing the risk of exacerbations and thus triggering further inflammation. In this review, we discuss the molecular and immunological mechanisms involved in physical barrier disruption induced by major airborne pollutants and outline their implications in the pathogenesis of asthma and COPD. We further discuss the link between these pollutants and changes in the lung microbiome as a potential factor for aggravating airway diseases. Understanding these mechanisms may lead to identification of novel targets for therapeutic intervention to restore airway epithelial integrity in asthma and COPD. Exposure to air pollution induces airway epithelial barrier dysfunction through several mechanisms including increased oxidative stress, exaggerated cytokine responses and impaired host defence, which contributes to development of asthma and COPD. https://bit.ly/3DHL1CA
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahyar Aghapour
- Infection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Niki D Ubags
- Faculty of Biology and Medicine, University of Lausanne, Service de Pneumologie, CHUV, Epalinges, Switzerland
| | - Dunja Bruder
- Infection Immunology Group, Institute of Medical Microbiology, Infection Control and Prevention, Health Campus Immunology, Infectiology and Inflammation, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany.,Immune Regulation Group, Helmholtz Center for Infection Research, Braunschweig, Germany
| | - Pieter S Hiemstra
- Dept of Pulmonology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - Venkataramana Sidhaye
- Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Environmental Health and Engineering, Johns Hopkins University, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Fariba Rezaee
- Center for Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Cleveland Clinic Children's, Cleveland, OH, USA.,Dept of Inflammation and Immunity, Lerner Research Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH, USA
| | - Irene H Heijink
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Depts of Pathology and Medical Biology and Pulmonology, Groningen Research Institute for Asthma and COPD (GRIAC), Groningen, The Netherlands
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Tuncer SB, Celik B, Akdeniz Odemis D, Kılıc Erciyas S, Sukruoglu Erdogan O, Avsar M, Kuru Turkcan G, Yazici H. miRNA Sequence Analysis in Patients With Kaposi's Sarcoma-Associated Herpesvirus. Pathol Oncol Res 2022; 28:1610055. [PMID: 35140551 PMCID: PMC8820206 DOI: 10.3389/pore.2022.1610055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are the non-coding RNAs that can both attach to the untranslated and coding sections of target mRNAs, triggering destruction or post-transcriptional alteration. miRNAs regulate various cellular processes such as immune function, apoptosis, and tumorigenesis. About 35,000 miRNAs have been discovered in the human genome. The increasing evidence suggests that the dysregulation of human miRNAs may have a role in the etiology of some disorders including cancer. Only a small sub-set of human miRNAs has functionally been validated in the pathogenesis of oncogenic viruses such as Kaposi’s sarcoma-associated herpesvirus (KSHV). KSHV is the cause of various human malignancies including primary effusion lymphoma (PEL) and Kaposi’s sarcoma (KS), which are mainly seen in AIDS patients or other immunocompromised people. We aimed to identify the miRNAs in Kaposi’s sarcoma cases, with the comparison of KSHV seropositive and seronegative tumors with the controls and in each other in Turkish Kaposi’s sarcoma patients. We performed the miRNA-sequencing at genome level in the peripheral blood mononuclear cells of 16 Kaposi’s sarcoma patients, and in 8 healthy controls matched for age, gender, and ethnicity. A total of 642 miRNA molecules with different expression profiles were identified between the patients and the healthy controls. Currently, out of 642 miRNAs, 7 miRNAs (miR-92b-3p, miR-490-3p, miR-615-3p, miR-629-5p, miR-1908, miR-3180, miR-4433b-3p) which have not been described in the literature in the context of Kaposi’s sarcoma were addressed in the study for the first time and 9 novel miRNAs, not found previously in the database, have been detected in Kaposi’s sarcoma using the miRNA-sequencing technique. This study demonstrates the identification of differently expressed miRNAs which might be the new therapeutic targets for Kaposi’s sarcoma, that has limited treatment options and can be used in the etiology, diagnosis, and prognosis of this cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seref Bugra Tuncer
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Betul Celik
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Demet Akdeniz Odemis
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Seda Kılıc Erciyas
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ozge Sukruoglu Erdogan
- Department of Cancer Genetics, Istanbul Faculty of Medicine, Oncology Institute, Istanbul University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Mukaddes Avsar
- Health Services Vocational School of Higher Education, T.C. Istanbul Aydin University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gozde Kuru Turkcan
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Arts and Sciences, Halic University, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Hulya Yazici
- Department of Medical Biology and Genetics, Arel Medical Faculty, Istanbul Arel University, Istanbul, Turkey
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Noncoding RNA Roles in Pharmacogenomic Responses to Aspirin: New Molecular Mechanisms for an Old Drug. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6830560. [PMID: 34926688 PMCID: PMC8677408 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6830560] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Aspirin, as one of the most frequently prescribed drugs, can have therapeutic effects on different conditions such as cardiovascular and metabolic disorders and malignancies. The effects of this common cardiovascular drug are exerted through different molecular and cellular pathways. Altered noncoding RNA (ncRNA) expression profiles during aspirin treatments indicate a close relationship between these regulatory molecules and aspirin effects through regulating gene expressions. A better understanding of the molecular networks contributing to aspirin efficacy would help optimize efficient therapies for this very popular drug. This review is aimed at discussing and highlighting the identified interactions between aspirin and ncRNAs and their targeting pathways and better understanding pharmacogenetic responses to aspirin.
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11
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Johansson K, Woodruff PG, Ansel KM. Regulation of airway immunity by epithelial miRNAs. Immunol Rev 2021; 304:141-153. [PMID: 34549450 PMCID: PMC9135676 DOI: 10.1111/imr.13028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2021] [Revised: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 08/20/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The airway epithelium is essential to protect the host from inhaled pathogens and particles. It maintains immune homeostasis and mediates tissue repair after injury. Inflammatory diseases of the airways are associated with failure of epithelial functions, including loss of barrier integrity that results in increased tissue permeability and immune activation; excessive mucus secretion and impaired mucociliary clearance that leads to airflow obstruction and microbial overgrowth; and dysregulation of cellular signals that promotes inflammation and alters tissue structure and airway reactivity. MicroRNAs play crucial roles in mounting appropriate cellular responses to environmental stimuli and preventing disease, using a common machinery and mechanism to regulate gene expression in epithelial cells, immune cells of hematopoietic origin, and other cellular components of the airways. Respiratory diseases are accompanied by dramatic changes in epithelial miRNA expression that drive persistent immune dysregulation. In this review, we discuss responses of the epithelium that promote airway immunopathology, with a focus on miRNAs that contribute to the breakdown of essential epithelial functions. We emphasize the emerging role of miRNAs in regulation of epithelial responses in respiratory health and their value as diagnostic and therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Johansson
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Prescott G. Woodruff
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Medicine, Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, Sleep and Allergy, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Cardiovascular Research Institute, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
| | - K. Mark Ansel
- Sandler Asthma Basic Research Center, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of California, San Francisco, California, USA
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12
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Hao W, Zhu Y, Guo Y, Wang H. miR-1287-5p upregulation inhibits the EMT and pro-inflammatory cytokines in LPS-induced human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs). Transpl Immunol 2021; 68:101429. [PMID: 34139308 DOI: 10.1016/j.trim.2021.101429] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2021] [Revised: 06/10/2021] [Accepted: 06/10/2021] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Chronic rhinosinusitis is an intractable symptom that influences daily lives of patients. miR-1287-5p was discovered to play a suppressive role in cervical cancer and HBV-related infection. PURPOSE This study investigated the potential role of miR-1287-5p in the in-vitro model of chronic rhinosinusitis. METHODS GSE169376 dataset was analyzed and differential miRNAs in nasal mucosa tissues in the chronic rhinosinusitis group were screened out. LPS was used to treat HNECs for 12h, 24h and 48h. Cells underwent LPS treatment after SNAI1 downregulation, miR-1287-5p upregulation or pretreatment of the HMGB1 inhibitor, Glycyrrhizin. RT-PCR was used to measure the RNA expression of miR-1287-5p, SNAI1 and HMGB1. ELISA was used for the detection of IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α changes. Targetscan and starBase were used to predict the targets (SNAI1 and HMGB1) of miR-1287-5p. Dual-luciferase reporter assays were applied to validate this. Western blot was used to analyze the protein changes of Snai1, Vimentin, E-cadherin and HMGB1. RESULTS miR-1287-5p was downregulated in the chronic rhinosinusitis group and decreased after LPS treatment in HNECs. The upregulation of miR-1287-5p inhibited IL-6, IL-8, TNF-α and EMT. miR-1287-5p targeted and inhibited SNAI1 and HMGB1. SNAI1 downregulation led to inhibition in EMT while loss of HMGB1 contributed to the decrease in pro-inflammatory cytokines. Knockdown of SNAI1 decreased HMGB1, resulting in the reduction of pro-inflammatory cytokines while HMGB1 inhibitor reduced SNAI1 and thus suppressed the EMT process. CONCLUSION miR-1287-5p downregulation was associated with chronic rhinosinusitis and its upregulation inhibited the EMT and inflammation in LPS-induced HNECs through Snai1/HMGB1 pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenwei Hao
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China.
| | - Yongping Zhu
- Department of anesthesiology, Tianjin Eye Hospital, 4 Gansu Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Ying Guo
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
| | - Haowei Wang
- Department of Otolaryngology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, No. 154 Anshan Road, Heping District, Tianjin 300052, China
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13
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Dong J, Sun D, Lu F. Association of two polymorphisms of miRNA-146a rs2910164 (G > C) and miRNA-499 rs3746444 (T > C) with asthma: a meta-analysis. J Asthma 2020; 58:995-1002. [PMID: 32308092 DOI: 10.1080/02770903.2020.1759085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To conduct a meta-analysis to determine the association between two single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) miRNA146a rs2910164 (G > C) and miRNA-499 rs3746444 (T > C) and asthma risk. DATA SOURCES PubMed and Embase (updated May 17, 2019). KEYWORDS (microRNA OR microRNAs) AND (polymorphism OR polymorphisms) AND (Asthmas OR Bronchial Asthma OR Asthma, Bronchial). RESULTS Six eligible case-control studies (2441 asthma cases and 3044 controls) met our inclusion criteria. A trend of increased asthma risk was indicated by the heterozygote model (miR-499: TC versus TT, OR = 1.38, 95% CI = 1.06-1.79, P < 0.01) and the dominant model (miR-499: TC + CC versus TT, OR = 1.60, 95% CI = 1.07-2.39, P < 0.01) of miRNA-499 rs3746444. Polymorphisms rs2910164 in miRNA-146a of the allele model (miR-146a: C versus G, OR = 0.84, 95% CI = 0.74-0.96, P = 0.238), homozygote model (miR-146a: CC versus GG, OR = 0.68, 95% CI = 0.51-0.91, P = 0.213), recessive model (miR-146a: CC versus GC + GG, OR = 0.75, 95% CI = 0.60-0.94, P = 0.149) indicated a decreased risk of asthma. CONCLUSIONS The miR-499 rs3746444 (T > C) polymorphism is associated with asthma susceptibility and miRNA-146a rs2910164 (G > C) polymorphism has a protective role against susceptibility to asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Dong
- College of medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Dandan Sun
- College of medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
| | - Fangting Lu
- College of medicine, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, China
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14
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Li M, Zhao J, Cao M, Liu R, Chen G, Li S, Xie Y, Xie J, Cheng Y, Huang L, Su M, Xu Y, Zheng M, Zou K, Geng L, Xu W, Gong S. Mast cells-derived MiR-223 destroys intestinal barrier function by inhibition of CLDN8 expression in intestinal epithelial cells. Biol Res 2020; 53:12. [PMID: 32209121 PMCID: PMC7092522 DOI: 10.1186/s40659-020-00279-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Mast cells (MCs) have been found to play a critical role during development of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD) that characterized by dysregulation of inflammation and impaired intestinal barrier function. However, the function of MCs in IBD remains to be fully elucidated. Results In our study, we used exosomes isolated from human mast cells-1 (HMCs-1) to culture with NCM460, HT-29 or CaCO2 of intestinal epithelial cells (IECs) to investigate the communication between MCs and IECs. We found that MCs-derived exosomes significantly increased intestinal epithelial permeability and destroyed intestinal barrier function, which is attributed to exosome-mediated functional miRNAs were transferred from HMCs-1 into IECs, leading to inhibit tight junction-related proteins expression, including tight junction proteins 1 (TJP1, ZO-1), Occludin (OCLN), Claudin 8 (CLDN8). Microarray and bioinformatic analysis have further revealed that a panel of miRNAs target different tight junction-related proteins. Interestingly, miR-223 is enriched in mast cell-derived exosome, which inhibit CLDN8 expression in IECs, while treatment with miR-223 inhibitor in HT-29 cells significantly reversed the inhibitory effect of HMCs-1-derived exosomes on CLDN 8 expression. Most importantly, enrichment of MCs accumulation in intestinal mucosa of patients with IBD compared with those healthy control. Conclusions These results indicated that enrichment of exosomal miR-223 from HMCs-1 inhibited CLDN8 expression, leading to destroy intestinal barrier function. These finding provided a novel insight of MCs as a new target for therapeutic treatment of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Musheng Li
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Junhong Zhao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Meiwan Cao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ruitao Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Guanhua Chen
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Songyu Li
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Qionghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qionghai, 571400, China
| | - Yuanwen Xie
- Department of Anorectal, Qionghai Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Qionghai, 571400, China
| | - Jing Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Yang Cheng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Ling Huang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China
| | - Mingmin Su
- Department of Cancer Biology and Therapeutics, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Cardiff University, Wales, CF103AT, UK
| | - Yuxin Xu
- Department of Preventive Medicine, School of School of Public Health, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
| | - Mingyue Zheng
- School of Marine Life Sciences, Ocean University of China, Qingdao, Shandong, 266003, China
| | - Kejian Zou
- Department of General Surgery, Hainan General Hospital, Haikou, China
| | - Lanlan Geng
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. .,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Wanfu Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. .,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
| | - Sitang Gong
- Department of Gastroenterology, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China. .,Guangzhou Institute of Pediatrics, Guangzhou Women and Children's Medical Center, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 510623, China.
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Yan D, Ye Y, Zhang J, Zhao J, Yu J, Luo Q. Human Neutrophil Elastase Induces MUC5AC Overexpression in Chronic Rhinosinusitis Through miR-146a. Am J Rhinol Allergy 2019; 34:59-69. [PMID: 31466461 DOI: 10.1177/1945892419871798] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Background The pathogenesis of chronic rhinosinusitis (CRS) is not yet clear. microRNAs are widely involved in a number of physiological and pathological processes, of which microRNA-146a (miR-146a) plays an important role in innate immunity, inflammatory response, and other pathophysiological processes. Mucins (MUCs) are important components of secreted mucus, of which MUC5AC is the major MUC secreted in the normal airway. Objective This study was performed to examine human neutrophil elastase (HNE)-induced MUC5AC overexpression in CRS via miR-146a. Methods miR-146a, HNE, epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR), and MUC5AC expression in the sinonasal mucosa were determined using quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR). EGFR, phosphorylated EGFR (pEGFR), and MUC5AC expression were determined in primary cultures of human nasal epithelial cells (HNECs). We examined the expression of miR-146a, MUC5AC, EGFR, and pEGFR by transfecting HNECs with miR-146a mimics and negative control (NC). Moreover, dual-luciferase reporter gene assays were used to validate EGFR as an hsa-miR-146a target gene. Results miR-146a was significantly downregulated, and HNE, EGFR, and MUC5AC were upregulated in CRS patients both with and without nasal polyps. In the in vitro cell experiment, MUC5AC was significantly downregulated after use of an EGFR-specific inhibitor (AG1478). Upon addition of miR-146a inhibitor, miR-146a was downregulated, while MUC5AC was upregulated. MUC5AC was suppressed in normal primary HNECs by miR-146a mimic and pEGFR was downregulated. The results of dual-luciferase reporter assays showed that the luciferase activities were markedly inhibited in the pGL3-EGFR-3′ UTR+miR-146a mimic group compared with the pGL3+ miR-146a mimic group, suggesting that EGFR is a target gene for miR-146a. Conclusion In HNE-induced CRS, miR-146a downregulates the expression of MUC5AC by inhibiting the activation of EGFR, and EGFR is a target gene of miR-146a.
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Affiliation(s)
- Danqing Yan
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Yu Ye
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jian Zhang
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Junmei Zhao
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Jieqing Yu
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
| | - Qing Luo
- Department of Otolaryngology Head and Neck Surgery, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, P.R. China
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Naydenov NG, Joshi S, Feygin A, Saini S, Litovchick L, Ivanov AI. A membrane fusion protein, Ykt6, regulates epithelial cell migration via microRNA-mediated suppression of Junctional Adhesion Molecule A. Cell Cycle 2018; 17:1812-1831. [PMID: 30010460 DOI: 10.1080/15384101.2018.1496755] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Vesicle trafficking regulates epithelial cell migration by remodeling matrix adhesions and delivering signaling molecules to the migrating leading edge. Membrane fusion, which is driven by soluble N-ethylmaleimide-sensitive factor associated receptor (SNARE) proteins, is an essential step of vesicle trafficking. Mammalian SNAREs represent a large group of proteins, but few have been implicated in the regulation of cell migration. Ykt6 is a unique SNARE existing in equilibrium between active membrane-bound and inactive cytoplasmic pools, and mediating vesicle trafficking between different intracellular compartments. The biological functions of this protein remain poorly understood. In the present study, we found that Ykt6 acts as a negative regulator of migration and invasion of human prostate epithelial cells. Furthermore, Ykt6 regulates the integrity of epithelial adherens and tight junctions. The observed anti-migratory activity of Ykt6 is mediated by a unique mechanism involving the expressional upregulation of microRNA 145, which selectively decreases the cellular level of Junctional Adhesion Molecule (JAM) A. This decreased JAM-A expression limits the activity of Rap1 and Rac1 small GTPases, thereby attenuating cell spreading and motility. The described novel functions of Ykt6 could be essential for the regulation of epithelial barriers, epithelial repair, and metastatic dissemination of cancer cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nayden G Naydenov
- a Department of Inflammation and Immunity , Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland , OH , USA.,b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Supriya Joshi
- b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Alex Feygin
- b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Siddharth Saini
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Larisa Litovchick
- c Department of Internal Medicine , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
| | - Andrei I Ivanov
- a Department of Inflammation and Immunity , Lerner Research Institute of Cleveland Clinic Foundation , Cleveland , OH , USA.,b Department of Human and Molecular Genetics , Virginia Commonwealth University , Richmond , VA , USA
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Momen-Heravi F, Bala S. miRNA regulation of innate immunity. J Leukoc Biol 2018; 103:1205-1217. [PMID: 29656417 DOI: 10.1002/jlb.3mir1117-459r] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2017] [Revised: 02/15/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding RNA and are pivotal posttranscriptional regulators of both innate and adaptive immunity. They act by regulating the expression of multiple immune genes, thus, are the important elements to the complex immune regulatory network. Deregulated expression of specific miRNAs can lead to potential autoimmunity, immune tolerance, hyper-inflammatory phenotype, and cancer initiation and progression. In this review, we discuss the contributory pathways and mechanisms by which several miRNAs influence the development of innate immunity and fine-tune immune response. Moreover, we discuss the consequence of deregulated miRNAs and their pathogenic implications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Momen-Heravi
- Division of Periodontics, Section of Oral and Diagnostic Sciences, Columbia University College of Dental Medicine, New York, New York, USA
| | - Shashi Bala
- Department of Medicine, University of Massachusetts Medical School, Worcester, Massachusetts, USA
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Ebnet K. Junctional Adhesion Molecules (JAMs): Cell Adhesion Receptors With Pleiotropic Functions in Cell Physiology and Development. Physiol Rev 2017; 97:1529-1554. [PMID: 28931565 DOI: 10.1152/physrev.00004.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 94] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2017] [Revised: 05/04/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Junctional adhesion molecules (JAM)-A, -B and -C are cell-cell adhesion molecules of the immunoglobulin superfamily which are expressed by a variety of tissues, both during development and in the adult organism. Through their extracellular domains, they interact with other adhesion receptors on opposing cells. Through their cytoplasmic domains, they interact with PDZ domain-containing scaffolding and signaling proteins. In combination, these two properties regulate the assembly of signaling complexes at specific sites of cell-cell adhesion. The multitude of molecular interactions has enabled JAMs to adopt distinct cellular functions such as the regulation of cell-cell contact formation, cell migration, or mitotic spindle orientation. Not surprisingly, JAMs regulate diverse processes such as epithelial and endothelial barrier formation, hemostasis, angiogenesis, hematopoiesis, germ cell development, and the development of the central and peripheral nervous system. This review summarizes the recent progress in the understanding of JAMs, including their characteristic structural features, their molecular interactions, their cellular functions, and their contribution to a multitude of processes during vertebrate development and homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Klaus Ebnet
- Institute-Associated Research Group "Cell Adhesion and Cell Polarity", Institute of Medical Biochemistry, ZMBE, Cells-In-Motion Cluster of Excellence (EXC1003-CiM), and Interdisciplinary Clinical Research Center (IZKF), University of Münster, Münster, Germany
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19
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Zhang T, Xiu HH, Liu JX, Ma Y, Xu KQ, Huang WQ. Protective effect of aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 on hepatic ischemia/reperfusion injury in rats: The role of miR-146b. Int Immunopharmacol 2017; 51:140-147. [PMID: 28837866 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2017.08.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2017] [Revised: 08/08/2017] [Accepted: 08/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Inflammatory responses play an important role in the tissue injury during liver ischemia/reperfusion (I/R). We previously reported that resolvin D1 (RvD1) administrated prior to hepatic I/R attenuates liver injury through inhibition of inflammatory response. In this study, we investigated the effects of the aspirin-triggered resolvin D1 (AT-RvD1) on hepatic I/R and the role of miR-146b in this process. METHODS Partial warm ischemia was performed in the left and middle hepatic lobes of Sprague-Dawley rats for 1h, followed by 6h of reperfusion. Rats received either AT-RvD1 (5μg/kg), vehicle, or AT-RvD1+miR-146b antagomir by intravenous injection 30min before ischemia. Blood and tissue samples of the rats were collected after 6-h reperfusion. RESULTS Pretreatment with AT-RvD1 significantly diminished I/R-induced elevations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST), and significantly blunted the histological injury of the liver. Moreover, AT-RvD1 significantly inhibited inflammatory response, as indicated by attenuations of TNF-α and myeloperoxidase levels. Reduced apoptosis, and increased survival rate were observed in the AT-RvD1 group compared with the control I/R group. AT-RvD1 pretreatment increased miR-146b expression in the liver of the rats with hepatic I/R. Administration of miR-146b antagomir impaired the effects of AT-RvD1 on hepatic I/R injury in rats. Downregulation of miR-146b inhibited TRAF6 and NF-κB expression in liver. CONCLUSIONS Pre-administration of AT-RvD1 attenuates hepatic I/R injury partly through modulation of miR-146b.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Huan-Huan Xiu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Jia-Xin Liu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Yi Ma
- Organ Transplantation Center, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou, 510080, China
| | - Kang-Qing Xu
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China
| | - Wen-Qi Huang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510080, China.
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Abstract
Adult-onset Still’s disease (AOSD) is a multi-systemic inflammatory disorder of unknown etiology. To date, no single diagnostic test is available for AOSD. Herein, we investigated the pathogenic role of microRNAs in AOSD. MicroRNA profiles in plasma from AOSD patients and healthy controls were analyzed by microarray analysis, followed by quantitative reverse transcription PCR validation. The biological functions of microRNAs were evaluated using in vitro cell-based assay. Among the differentially expressed microRNAs, microRNA-134 (miR-134) expression was positively correlated with AOSD activity scores and significantly decreased after effective treatment. An increased miR-134 level is significantly associated with the activation of Toll-like receptor 3 (TLR3). The reporter assay identified IL-18 binding protein (IL-18BP) as the target of miR-134. A negative correlation between miR-134 expression and IL-18BP mRNA levels were detected in peripheral blood cells following TLR3 ligand treatment. Lower plasma IL-18BP levels and higher IL-18 levels were also observed in active AOSD patients who had higher miR-134 expression than inactive patients. Upregulation of circulating miR-134 was associated with elevated IL-18 levels by targeting IL-18BP in AOSD patients and was positively correlated with disease activity, suggesting its involvement in AOSD pathogenesis. MiR-134 may be a novel activity indicator or potential prognostic biomarker in AOSD.
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Lee HM, Kim TS, Jo EK. MiR-146 and miR-125 in the regulation of innate immunity and inflammation. BMB Rep 2017; 49:311-8. [PMID: 26996343 PMCID: PMC5070718 DOI: 10.5483/bmbrep.2016.49.6.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 116] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/16/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Innate immune responses are primary, relatively limited, and specific responses
to numerous pathogens and toxic molecules. Protein expression involved in these
innate responses must be tightly regulated at both transcriptional level and
post-transcriptional level to avoid the development of excessive inflammation
that can be potentially harmful to the host. MicroRNAs are small noncoding RNAs
(∼22 nucleotides [nts]) that participate in the regulation of numerous
physiological responses by targeting specific messenger RNAs to suppress their
translation. Recent work has shown that several negative regulators of
transcription including microRNAs play important roles in inhibiting the
exacerbation of inflammatory responses and in the maintenance of immunological
homeostasis. This emerging research area will provide new insights on how
microRNAs regulate innate immune signaling. It might show that dysregulation of
microRNA synthesis is associated with the pathogenesis of inflammatory and
infectious diseases. In this review, we focused on miR-146 and miR-125 and
described the roles these miRNAs in modulating innate immune signaling. These
microRNAs can control inflammatory responses and the outcomes of pathogenic
infections. [BMB Reports 2016; 49(6): 311-318]
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Affiliation(s)
- Hye-Mi Lee
- Department of Microbiology, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Tae Sung Kim
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
| | - Eun-Kyeong Jo
- Department of Medical Science, Chungnam National University School of Medicine, Daejeon 35015, Korea
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Genome-wide identification of novel ovarian-predominant miRNAs: new insights from the medaka (Oryzias latipes). Sci Rep 2017; 7:40241. [PMID: 28071684 PMCID: PMC5223123 DOI: 10.1038/srep40241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2016] [Accepted: 12/05/2016] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small, highly conserved non-coding RNAs that play important roles in the regulation of many physiological processes. However, the role of miRNAs in vertebrate oocyte formation (i.e., oogenesis) remains poorly investigated. To gain new insights into the roles of miRNAs in oogenesis, we searched for ovarian-predominant miRNAs. Using a microarray displaying 3,800 distinct miRNAs originating from different vertebrate species, we identified 66 miRNAs that are expressed predominantly in the ovary. Of the miRNAs exhibiting the highest overabundance in the ovary, 20 were selected for further analysis. Using a combination of QPCR and in silico analyses, we identified 8 novel miRNAs that are predominantly expressed in the ovary, including 2 miRNAs (miR-4785 and miR-6352) that exhibit strict ovarian expression. Of these 8 miRNAs, 7 were previously uncharacterized in fish. The strict ovarian expression of miR-4785 and miR-6352 suggests an important role in oogenesis and/or early development, possibly involving a maternal effect. Together, these results indicate that, similar to protein-coding genes, a significant number of ovarian-predominant miRNA genes are found in fish.
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miR-146b antagomir-treated human Tregs acquire increased GVHD inhibitory potency. Blood 2016; 128:1424-35. [PMID: 27485827 DOI: 10.1182/blood-2016-05-714535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
CD4(+)CD25(+)FoxP3(+) thymic-derived regulatory T cells (tTregs) are indispensable for maintaining immune system equilibrium. Adoptive transfer of tTregs is an effective means of suppressing graft-versus-host disease (GVHD) in murine models and in early human clinical trials. Tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 6 (TRAF6), an ubiquitin-conjugating enzyme that mediates nuclear factor κB (NF-κB) activation, plays an essential role in modulating regulatory T cell survival and function. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are noncoding RNAs, which mediate RNA silencing and posttranscriptional gene repression. By performing comprehensive TaqMan Low Density Array miRNA assays, we identified 10 miRNAs differentially regulated in human tTreg compared with control T cells. One candidate, miR-146b, is preferentially and highly expressed in human naive tTregs compared with naive CD4 T cells. miRNA prediction software revealed that TRAF6 was the one of the top 10 scored mRNAs involved tTreg function with the highest probability as a potential miR-146b target. Antagomir-mediated knockdown of miRNA-146b, but not another miRNA-146 family member (miRNA-146a), enhanced TRAF6 expression. TRAF6, in turn, increases NF-κB activation, which is essential for tTreg function as well as Foxp3 protein and antiapoptotic gene expression, and downregulates proapoptotic gene expression. miR-146b knockdown increased the nuclear localization and expression of genes regulated by NF-κB, which was associated with enhanced tTreg survival, proliferation, and suppressive function measured in vitro and in vivo. TRAF6 inhibition had the opposite effects. We conclude that an miR-146b-TRAF6-NF-κB-FoxP3 signaling pathway restrains regulatory T cell survival, proliferation, and suppressor function. In vitro exposure of human tTregs to miR-146b antagomirs can be exploited to improve the clinical efficacy of human adoptive tTreg transfer in a GVHD setting.
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Mehta R, Otgonsuren M, Younoszai Z, Allawi H, Raybuck B, Younossi Z. Circulating miRNA in patients with non-alcoholic fatty liver disease and coronary artery disease. BMJ Open Gastroenterol 2016; 3:e000096. [PMID: 27493762 PMCID: PMC4964159 DOI: 10.1136/bmjgast-2016-000096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2016] [Revised: 06/30/2016] [Accepted: 07/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the hepatic manifestation of metabolic syndrome and coronary artery disease (CAD) is the cardiac manifestation of metabolic syndrome. NAFLD is strongly linked to CAD and hepatic steatosis is an independent risk factor for CAD and cardiac mortality. The pathogenic mechanism underlying this association remains poorly understood. In this study, we explored expression of circulating microRNAs (miRNAs) in patients with NAFLD and associated CAD. Results When compared to patients with NAFLD without CAD, patients with NAFLD and CAD had lower circulating levels of miR-132 (0.24±0.16 vs 0.30±0.11, p=0.03), while the circulating levels of miR-143 were higher (0.96±0.90 vs 0.64±0.77, p=0.02). The levels in circulation demonstrated trends opposite to previously observed intracellular levels in patients with CAD. In obese patients with NAFLD, lower circulating levels of miR-145 (1.42±1.00 vs 2.41±1.80), miR-211 (41.26±20.40 vs 57.56±25.45), miR-146a (2.13±1.40 vs 2.90±1.36) and miR-30c (6.92±4.99 vs 11.0±6.92) were detected when compared to lean patients with NAFLD. For miR-161 (0.59±1.19 vs 0.15±0.14) and miR-241 (0.28±0.29 vs 0.16±0.13), higher circulatory levels were detected in the obese patients with NAFLD. These observations suggest altered circulating levels of miRNAs that may serve to balance intracellular levels of miRNA in target tissues. Additional studies examining paired samples of target and producing tissues as well as respective plasma samples will help delineate the regulatory circuits governing the secretion and the uptake of miRNA in multitissue diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohini Mehta
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus , Falls Church, Virginia , USA
| | - Munkzhul Otgonsuren
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus , Falls Church, Virginia , USA
| | - Zahra Younoszai
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus , Falls Church, Virginia , USA
| | - Hussain Allawi
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus , Falls Church, Virginia , USA
| | - Bryan Raybuck
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus , Falls Church, Virginia , USA
| | - Zobair Younossi
- Betty and Guy Beatty Center for Integrated Research, Inova Fairfax Medical Campus , Falls Church, Virginia , USA
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miR-146a Attenuates Inflammatory Pathways Mediated by TLR4/NF-κB and TNFα to Protect Primary Human Retinal Microvascular Endothelial Cells Grown in High Glucose. Mediators Inflamm 2016; 2016:3958453. [PMID: 26997759 PMCID: PMC4779539 DOI: 10.1155/2016/3958453] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2015] [Revised: 01/29/2016] [Accepted: 01/31/2016] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Pathological mechanisms underlying diabetic retinopathy are still not completely understood. Increased understanding of potential cellular pathways responsive to hyperglycemia is essential to develop novel therapeutic strategies for diabetic retinopathy. A growing body of evidence shows that microRNA (miRNA) play important roles in pathological mechanisms involved in diabetic retinopathy, as well as possessing potential as novel therapeutic targets. The hypothesis of this study was that miR-146a plays a key role in attenuating hyperglycemia-induced inflammatory pathways through reduced TLR4/NF-κB and TNFα signaling in primary human retinal microvascular endothelial cells (REC). We cultured human REC in normal (5 mM) glucose or transferred to high glucose medium (25 mM) for 3 days. Transfection was performed on REC with miRNA mimic (hsa-miR-146a-5p). Our results demonstrate that miR-146a expression was decreased in human REC cultured in high glucose. Overexpression of miR-146a using mimics reduced the levels of TLR4/NF-κB and TNFα in REC cultured in high glucose. Both MyD88-dependent and -independent signaling were decreased by miR-146a overexpression in REC in high glucose conditions. The results suggest that miR-146a is a potential therapeutic target for reducing inflammation in REC through inhibition of TLR4/NF-κB and TNFα. Our study will contribute to understanding of diabetic retinal pathology, as well as providing important clues to develop therapeutics for clinical applications.
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26
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Béres NJ, Szabó D, Kocsis D, Szűcs D, Kiss Z, Müller KE, Lendvai G, Kiss A, Arató A, Sziksz E, Vannay Á, Szabó AJ, Veres G. Role of Altered Expression of miR-146a, miR-155, and miR-122 in Pediatric Patients with Inflammatory Bowel Disease. Inflamm Bowel Dis 2016; 22:327-35. [PMID: 26752469 DOI: 10.1097/mib.0000000000000687] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Evidence suggests the central role of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α in the pathomechanism of inflammatory bowel disease (IBD); however, its effect on epigenetic factors, including small non-coding microRNAs (miRs), is less known. Our present aim was the comparative investigation of the expression of TNF-α and immune response-related miRs in children with Crohn's disease (CD) and ulcerative colitis (UC). METHODS Fresh-frozen (FF) and formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded (FFPE) biopsies were used to analyze the expression of miR-146a, -155, -122, and TNF-α by real-time reverse transcription polymerase chain reaction in macroscopically inflamed (CD: 12 FFPE and 24 FF; UC: 10 FF) and intact (CD: 12 FFPE; 14 FF) colonic biopsies of children with IBD and controls (16 FFPE; 23 FF). The expression of miR-146a, -155, and -122 was also determined in TNF-α-treated HT-29 colonic epithelial cells. RESULTS Increased expression of TNF-α was observed in the colonic mucosa of children with CD and UC in comparison with controls. Expression of miR-146a and -155 was higher in the inflamed mucosa of children with CD and UC than in the intact mucosa. Expression of miR-122 elevated in the macroscopically intact colonic regions of CD compared with controls and patients with UC. In HT-29 cells, TNF-α treatment increased the expression of miR-146a and -155, but not that of miR-122. CONCLUSIONS Our results showed altered expression of miR-146a, -155, and -122 in the colonic mucosa of children with IBD and in TNF-α-treated colonic epithelial cells. Our data suggest the TNF-α-related involvement of these miRs in the pathogenesis of IBD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nóra J Béres
- *1st Department of Pediatrics, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; †2nd Department of Internal Medicine, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; ‡Department of Pediatrics and Pediatric Health Care Center, University of Szeged, Szeged, Hungary; §2nd Department of Pathology, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary; ‖MTA-SE, Tumor Progression Research Group, Budapest, Hungary; and ¶MTA-SE, Pediatrics and Nephrology Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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