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Taheri MM, Javan F, Poudineh M, Athari SS. CAR-NKT Cells in Asthma: Use of NKT as a Promising Cell for CAR Therapy. Clin Rev Allergy Immunol 2024:10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0. [PMID: 38995478 DOI: 10.1007/s12016-024-08998-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/28/2024] [Indexed: 07/13/2024]
Abstract
NKT cells, unique lymphocytes bridging innate and adaptive immunity, offer significant potential for managing inflammatory disorders like asthma. Activating iNKT induces increasing IFN-γ, TGF-β, IL-2, and IL-10 potentially suppressing allergic asthma. However, their immunomodulatory effects, including granzyme-perforin-mediated cytotoxicity, and expression of TIM-3 and TRAIL warrant careful consideration and targeted approaches. Although CAR-T cell therapy has achieved remarkable success in treating certain cancers, its limitations necessitate exploring alternative approaches. In this context, CAR-NKT cells emerge as a promising approach for overcoming these challenges, potentially achieving safer and more effective immunotherapies. Strategies involve targeting distinct IgE-receptors and their interactions with CAR-NKT cells, potentially disrupting allergen-mast cell/basophil interactions and preventing inflammatory cytokine release. Additionally, targeting immune checkpoints like PDL-2, inducible ICOS, FASL, CTLA-4, and CD137 or dectin-1 for fungal asthma could further modulate immune responses. Furthermore, artificial intelligence and machine learning hold immense promise for revolutionizing NKT cell-based asthma therapy. AI can optimize CAR-NKT cell functionalities, design personalized treatment strategies, and unlock a future of precise and effective care. This review discusses various approaches to enhancing CAR-NKT cell efficacy and longevity, along with the challenges and opportunities they present in the treatment of allergic asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fatemeh Javan
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohadeseh Poudineh
- Student Research Committee, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Cancer Gene therapy Research Center, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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Zhu FM, Xu J, He QY, Deng YP, Liu MY, Liu Y, Sun J, Zhao H, Fu L, Yang J. Association of serum interleukin-2 with severity and prognosis in hospitalized patients with community-acquired pneumonia: a prospective cohort study. Intern Emerg Med 2024:10.1007/s11739-024-03699-0. [PMID: 38967887 DOI: 10.1007/s11739-024-03699-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2023] [Accepted: 06/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/06/2024]
Abstract
The prior studies have shown that interleukin-2 (IL-2) exerts important roles in the pathological and physiological processes of lung diseases. However, the role of IL-2 in community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is still uncertain. Through a prospective cohort study, our research will explore the correlations between serum IL-2 levels and the severity and prognosis in CAP patients. There were 267 CAP patients included. Blood samples were obtained. Serum IL-2 were tested by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA). Demographic traits and clinical characteristics were extracted. Serum IL-2 were gradually elevated with increasing severity scores in CAP patients. Correlation analyses revealed that serum IL-2 were connected with physiological parameters including liver and renal function in CAP patients. According to a logistic regression analysis, serum IL-2 were positively correlated with CAP severity scores. We also tracked the prognostic outcomes of CAP patients. The increased risks of adversely prognostic outcomes, including mechanical ventilation, vasoactive agent usage, ICU admission, death, and longer hospital length, were associated with higher levels of IL-2 at admission. Serum IL-2 at admission were positively associated with severe conditions and poor prognosis among CAP patients, indicated that IL-2 may involve in the initiation and development of CAP. As a result, serum IL-2 may be an available biomarker to guide clinicians in assessing the severity and determining the prognosis of CAP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng-Min Zhu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Juan Xu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Qi-Yuan He
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - You-Peng Deng
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Ming-Yan Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Jing Sun
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Lin Fu
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
| | - Jin Yang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Furong Road No 678, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
- Institute of Respiratory Diseases, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, Anhui, China.
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Brandao-Rangel MAR, Moraes-Ferreira R, Silva-Reis A, Souza-Palmeira VH, Almeida FM, da Silva Olimpio FR, Oliveira CR, Damaceno-Rodrigues NR, Pesquero JB, Martin L, Aimbire F, Albertini R, Faria SS, Vieira RP. Aerobic physical training reduces severe asthma phenotype involving kinins pathway. Mol Biol Rep 2024; 51:499. [PMID: 38598121 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-024-09474-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/25/2024] [Indexed: 04/11/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Aerobic physical training (APT) reduces eosinophilic airway inflammation, but its effects and mechanisms in severe asthma remain unknown. METHODS An in vitro study employing key cells involved in the pathogenesis of severe asthma, such as freshly isolated human eosinophils, neutrophils, and bronchial epithelial cell lineage (BEAS-2B) and lung fibroblasts (MRC-5 cells), was conducted. Additionally, an in vivo study using male C57Bl/6 mice, including Control (Co; n = 10), Trained (Exe; n = 10), house dust mite (HDM; n = 10), and HDM + Trained (HDM + Exe; n = 10) groups, was carried out, with APT performed at moderate intensity, 5x/week, for 4 weeks. RESULTS HDM and bradykinin, either alone or in combination, induced hyperactivation in human neutrophils, eosinophils, BEAS-2B, and MRC-5 cells. In contrast, IL-10, the primary anti-inflammatory molecule released during APT, inhibited these inflammatory effects, as evidenced by the suppression of numerous cytokines and reduced mRNA expression of the B1 receptor and ACE-2. The in vivo study demonstrated that APT decreased bronchoalveolar lavage levels of bradykinin, IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, IL-33, TNF-α, and IL-13, while increasing levels of IL-10, klotho, and IL-1RA. APT reduced the accumulation of polymorphonuclear cells, lymphocytes, and macrophages in the peribronchial space, as well as collagen fiber accumulation, epithelial thickness, and mucus accumulation. Furthermore, APT lowered the expression of the B1 receptor and ACE-2 in lung tissue and reduced bradykinin levels in the lung tissue homogenate compared to the HDM group. It also improved airway resistance, tissue resistance, and tissue damping. On a systemic level, APT reduced total leukocytes, eosinophils, neutrophils, basophils, lymphocytes, and monocytes in the blood, as well as plasma levels of IL-1β, IL-4, IL-5, IL-17, TNF-α, and IL-33, while elevating the levels of IL-10 and IL-1RA. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that APT inhibits the severe asthma phenotype by targeting kinin signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maysa Alves Rodrigues Brandao-Rangel
- Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Renilson Moraes-Ferreira
- Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Anamei Silva-Reis
- Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Victor Hugo Souza-Palmeira
- Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Francine Maria Almeida
- Laboratory of Experimental Therapeutic (LIM 20), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - Fabiana Regina da Silva Olimpio
- Post-graduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Pedro De Toledo 720, 2º Andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-002, Brazil
| | - Carlos Rocha Oliveira
- School of Medicine, Anhembi Morumbi University, Avenida Deputado Benedito Matarazzo 6070, São José dos Campos, SP, 12230-002, Brazil
- Post-graduate Program in Biomedical Enginnering, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Talim 330, São José dos Campos, SP, 12231-280, Brazil
- GAP Biotech, Rua Comendador Remo Cesaroni 223, São José dos Campos, SP, 12243-020, Brazil
| | - Nilsa Regina Damaceno-Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Cellular Biology (LIM 59 HCFMUSP), School of Medicine, University of São Paulo, Avenida Doutor Arnaldo 455, São Paulo, SP, 01246-903, Brazil
| | - João Bosco Pesquero
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Martin
- Department of Biophysics, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Botucatu 740, São Paulo, SP, 04023-062, Brazil
- Division of Medical Sciences, Laboratory of Transcriptional Regulation, Institute of Medical Biology of Polish, Academy of Sciences (IMB-PAS), Lodowa 106, Lodz, 93-232, Poland
- Laboratory of Physiopharmacology, University of Antwerp, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Flavio Aimbire
- Post-graduate Program in Translational Medicine, Department of Medicine, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Rua Pedro De Toledo 720, 2º Andar, São Paulo, SP, 04039-002, Brazil
| | - Regiane Albertini
- Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil
| | - Sara Socorro Faria
- Post-graduate Programs in Humam Movement and Rehabilitation and in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Evangelical University of Goias (UniEvavngelica), Avenida Universitária Km3,5, Anápolis, GO, 75083-515, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo P Vieira
- Post-graduate Program in Sciences of Human Movement and Rehabilitation, Federal University of São Paulo (UNIFESP), Avenida Ana Costa 95, Santos, SP, 11060-001, Brazil.
- Post-graduate Programs in Humam Movement and Rehabilitation and in Pharmaceutical Sciences, Evangelical University of Goias (UniEvavngelica), Avenida Universitária Km3,5, Anápolis, GO, 75083-515, Brazil.
- Brazilian Institute of Teaching and Research in Pulmonary and Exercise Immunology (IBEPIPE), Rua Pedro Ernesto 240, São José dos Campos, SP, 12245-520, Brazil.
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Li F, Song B, Zhou WF, Chu LJ. Toll-Like Receptors 7/8: A Paradigm for the Manipulation of Immunologic Reactions for Immunotherapy. Viral Immunol 2023; 36:564-578. [PMID: 37751284 DOI: 10.1089/vim.2023.0077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/27/2023] Open
Abstract
The innate immune system recognizes conserved features of viral and microbial pathogens through pattern recognition receptors (PRRs). Toll-like receptors (TLRs) are one type of PRR used by the innate immune system to mediate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines and promote innate and adaptive immune responses. TLR family members TLR7 and TLR8 (referred to as TLR7/8 from herein) are endosomal transmembrane receptors that recognize purine-rich single-stranded RNA (ssRNA) and bacterial DNA, eliciting an immunologic reaction to pathogens. TLR7/8 were discovered to mediate the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by activating immune cells. In addition, accumulating evidence has indicated that TLR7/8 may be closely related to numerous immune-mediated disorders, specifically several types of cancer, autoimmune disease, and viral disease. TLR7/8 agonists and antagonists, which are used as drugs or adjuvants, have been identified in preclinical studies and clinical trials as promising immune stimulators for the immunotherapy of these immune-mediated disorders. These results provided reasoning to further explore immunotherapy for the treatment of immune-mediated disorders. Nevertheless, numerous needs remain unmet, and the therapeutic effects of TLR7/8 agonists and antagonists are poor and exert strong immune-related toxicities. The present review aimed to provide an overview of the TLR family members, particularly TLR7/8, and address the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of TLR7/8 in immune-mediated disorders. The aim of the work is to discuss the underlying molecular mechanisms and clinical implications of TLR7/8 in immune-mediated disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fang Li
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Biao Song
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Wei-Feng Zhou
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
| | - Li-Jin Chu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, Anhui Medical College, Hefei, China
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5
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Ma Y, Yang XH, Tu Y, Athari SS. Survey the effect of drug treatment on modulation of cytokines gene expression in allergic rhinitis. Fundam Clin Pharmacol 2023; 37:340-346. [PMID: 36314138 DOI: 10.1111/fcp.12847] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2022] [Revised: 10/04/2022] [Accepted: 10/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Allergic rhinitis as common airway disease has high prevalence in all peoples worldwide. In allergic diseases, Th2 cells release type 2 cytokines that support the inflammation in airways. All the drugs used for allergic rhinitis do not cure completely, and the choice of drugs according to cost and efficacy is very important in all groups of atopic patients. Therefore, in this study, the effect of commercial drugs on cytokine gene expression has been studied. Male Balb/c mice were divided into six groups. Allergic rhinitis was induced in five of the six groups with ovalbumin, and four of these five groups were treated with salbutamol, budesonide, theophylline, and montelukast. The fifth group was used as positive control group and the sixth group as negative control group. For the survey, RNA was extracted, cDNA was synthesized, and quantitative real-time PCR was done for 21 genes. The four drugs had different effects on mRNA expression of cytokines (IL-1b, 2, 4, 5, 7, 8, 9, 11, 12, 13, 17, 18, 22, 25, 31, 33, 37, IFN-γ, TNF-α, TGF-β1, and eotaxin) in the allergic rhinitis groups. Salbutamol can be used during pregnancy and breastfeeding, but it has some side effects. Budesonide in the inhaled form is generally safe in pregnancy. Theophylline cannot control allergic attack in the long run. Montelukast is not useful in the treatment of acute allergic attacks. Immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory effects of drugs in control of allergic rhinitis via Th2 cytokines can be new approaches in molecular medicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Ma
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 651000, China
| | - Xiao-Hong Yang
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 651000, China
| | - Yi Tu
- Department of Otorhinolaryngology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, 651000, China
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Integrated Network Pharmacology and Gut Microbiota Analysis to Explore the Mechanism of Sijunzi Decoction Involved in Alleviating Airway Inflammation in a Mouse Model of Asthma. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2023; 2023:1130893. [PMID: 36636604 PMCID: PMC9831717 DOI: 10.1155/2023/1130893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 12/17/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Background Asthma is a chronic inflammatory disease of the airways with recurrent attacks, which seriously affects the patients' quality of life and even threatens their lives. The disease can even threaten the lives of patients. Sijunzi decoction (SJZD), a classical Chinese medicine formula with a long history of administration, is a basic formula used for the treatment of asthma and demonstrates remarkable efficacy. However, the underlying mechanism has not been elucidated. Materials and Methods We aimed to integrate network pharmacology and intestinal flora sequencing analysis to study the mechanism of SJZD in the treatment of allergic asthmatic mice. The active compounds of SJZD and their asthma-related targets were predicted by various databases. We performed Gene Ontology (GO) and Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) analyses to identify potentially relevant pathways for target genes. Furthermore, the active compound-target and target-signaling pathway network maps were constructed by using Cytoscape 3.8.2. These results were combined with those of the intestinal flora sequencing analysis to study the influence of SJZD on airway inflammation in allergic asthmatic mice. Result We obtained 137 active compounds from SJZD and associated them with 1445 asthma-related targets acquired from the databases. A total of 109 common targets were identified. We visualized active compound-target and target-signaling pathway network maps. The pathological analysis and inflammation score results suggested that SJZD could alleviate airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Sequencing analysis of intestinal flora showed that SJZD could increase the relevant abundance of beneficial bacterial genus and maintain the balance of the intestinal flora. The core toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling pathway was identified based on network pharmacology analysis, and the important role TLRs play in intestinal flora and organismal immunity was also recognized. The analysis of the correlation between environmental factors and intestinal flora revealed that beneficial bacterial genera were negatively correlated with TLR2 and positively correlated with the TLR7 expression. Furthermore, they were positively correlated with IFN-γ and IL-10 levels and negatively correlated with IL-4 and IL-17 levels. Conclusion SJZD alleviated the airway inflammation state in asthmatic mice. The findings suggest that increasing the relevant abundance of beneficial intestinal bacteria in mice with asthma, regulating intestinal flora, interfering with the level of TLR2 and TLR7 expression to adjust the secretion of inflammatory factors, and alleviating asthmatic airway inflammation may be the possible mechanism involved in the treatment of asthma by SJZD, providing a basis for further studies on SJZD.
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7
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Kumari M, Siddiqui MA, Gupta A. Recent Advancement and Novel Application of Natural Polyphenols for the Treatment of Allergy Asthma: From Phytochemistry to Biological Implications. Crit Rev Immunol 2023; 43:29-41. [PMID: 37830192 DOI: 10.1615/critrevimmunol.2023050289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2023]
Abstract
Allergic diseases, primarily IgE-mediated, exert a substantial global health burden. A pivotal role in allergic reactions is played by mast cells, with histamine serving as a central mediator. Within this context, plant-based polyphenols, abundantly present in vegetables and fruits, show promising potential for allergy prevention. These natural compounds, particularly flavonoids, possess anti-inflammatory and anti-allergic properties, influencing dendritic cells, modulating macrophages, and fostering the proliferation of B cells and T cells. The potent anti-allergic effects of flavonoids are attributed to their ability to reduce the production of signaling factors, suppress cytokine production, and regulate signal transduction and gene expression in mast cells, basophils, and T cells. Notably, their benefits extend beyond allergy prevention, as they hold promise in the prevention and treatment of autoimmune illnesses such as diabetes, rheumatoid arthritis, and multiple sclerosis. In the context of allergic reactions and autoimmune diseases, polyphenols exhibit immunomodulatory effects by inhibiting autoimmune T cell proliferation and downregulating pro-inflammatory cytokines. In recent times, flavonoids, being the most prevalent polyphenols in food, have garnered significant attention from researchers due to their potential health advantages. This review compiles the latest scientific research to highlight the impact of flavonoids on allergic illnesses and their potential as a beneficial dietary component.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meera Kumari
- Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | | | - Amresh Gupta
- Goel Institute of Pharmacy & Sciences, Lucknow, India
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8
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Fang L, Nikfarjam N, Gharagozlou M, Huang T, Song Y, Islambulchilar Z, Esmaeilzadeh A, Jafari D, Athari SS. Pulmonary Delivery of Levamisole Nanoparticles as an Immunomodulator Affecting Th and a Potential ADAM10 Inhibitor to Ameliorate Severe Allergic Asthma. ACS Biomater Sci Eng 2022; 8:4566-4576. [PMID: 36054652 DOI: 10.1021/acsbiomaterials.2c00843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a common chronic lung disease without absolute treatment, and hypersensitivity reactions and type 2 immune responses are responsible for asthma pathophysiology. ADAM10 as a metalloproteinase transmembrane protein is critical for development of Th2 responses, and levamisole as an anthelmintic drug has immunomodulatory effects, which not only regulates ADAM10 activity but also can suppress the bone marrow and neutrophil production. Therefore, in the present study, nanoparticles were used as a levamisole delivery system to reduce bone marrow suppression, and the immunomodulatory and ADAM10 inhibitory effects of levamisole were studied in allergic asthma. Asthmatic mice were treated with PLGA-levamisole nanoparticles. Then, AHR, BALF, and blood cell counts, levels of the IgG1 subclass, total and OVA-specific IgE, IL2, IL-4, IL-5, IL-10, IL-13, IL-17, IL-25, IL-33, INF-γ, and TNF-α, gene expression of FoxP3, T-bet, RORγt, PU.1, GATA3, FcεRII, CysLT1R, eotaxin, and ADAM10, and lung histopathology were evaluated. PLGA-LMHCl with considered characteristics could control airway hyper-responsiveness, eosinophils in the BALF, levels of immunoglobulins, Th2-, Th9-, and Th17-derived cytokines and pivotal genes, eosinophilic inflammation, hyperplasia of the goblet cell, and hyperproduction of mucus and could increase Th1- and Treg-derived cytokines and also pivotal genes. It could also modulate the ADAM10 activity and had no effect on the number of neutrophils in the bloodstream. The novel safe nanodrug had no side effect on the bone marrow to produce neutrophils and could control the allegro-immuno-inflammatory response of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liping Fang
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), 155 East Aerospace Road, Xi'an 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Nasser Nikfarjam
- Department of Chemistry, Institute for Advanced Studies in Basic Sciences (IASBS), Zanjan 45137-66731, Iran
| | - Mohammad Gharagozlou
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, Children's Medical Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran 1416753955, Iran
| | - Tao Huang
- Department of Orthopedics, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Medical University, 48 West Fengho Road, Lianhu District, Xi'an 710000, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu Song
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Xi'an People's Hospital (Xi'an Fourth Hospital), 155 East Aerospace Road, Xi'an 710100, Shaanxi, China
| | - Ziba Islambulchilar
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Tabriz University of Medical Sciences, Tabriz 5166/15731, Iran
| | - Abdolreza Esmaeilzadeh
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 45371-38111, Iran
| | - Davood Jafari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 45371-38111, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan 45371-38111, Iran
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Gómez-Carballa A, Pischedda S, Rivero-Calle I, Montoto-Louzao J, Martinón-Torres F, Salas A. CD14 and related genes in respiratory morbidity after Respiratory Syncytial Virus infection. J Infect Dis 2022; 226:1295-1297. [PMID: 35714332 DOI: 10.1093/infdis/jiac248] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Accepted: 06/16/2022] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- A Gómez-Carballa
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - S Pischedda
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain
| | - I Rivero-Calle
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - J Montoto-Louzao
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
| | - F Martinón-Torres
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Translational Pediatrics and Infectious Diseases, Department of Pediatrics, Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain
| | - A Salas
- Genetics, Vaccines and Infections Research Group (GENVIP), Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria de Santiago, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, Santiago de Compostela, Spain.,Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red de Enfermedades Respiratorias (CIBER-ES), Madrid, Spain.,Unidade de Xenética, Instituto de Ciencias Forenses, Facultade de Medicina, Universidade de Santiago de Compostela, and GenPoB Research Group, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria (IDIS), Hospital Clínico Universitario de Santiago (SERGAS), Galicia, Spain
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10
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Du J, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SS, Qian L. Bronchodilatory effect of higenamine as antiallergic asthma treatment. J Investig Med 2022; 70:1753-1758. [PMID: 35410888 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002173] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is a complex airway disease that affects more than 350 million humans worldwide. Allergic asthma symptoms are induced by Th2 immune response with the release of cytokines and allegro-inflammatory mediators that amplify the inflammatory response, airway hyper-responsiveness (AHR) and hyperproduction of mucus. Higenamine, as a chemical compound, is a β2 adrenoreceptor agonist and can be used as bronchodilator in allergic asthma.BALB/c mice were allocated in four groups and then allergic asthma was induced in three groups. One of the asthmatic groups was treated with albuterol and other one was treated with higenamine. At least, methacholine challenge to determine the AHR, measurement of cytokines, total immunoglobulin E (IgE), LTB4 and LTC4 levels, evaluation of gene expression of Muc5ac, Muc5b, Agr2 and Arg1, and histopathological study were done.Higenamine treatment reduced AHR, interleukin (IL)-4, IL-13 levels, mRNA expression of MUC5ac, MUC5b, Arg1 and Agr2, goblet cell hyperplasia and mucus hypersecretion. Higenamine had no significant effect on IL-5, interferon-γ (INF-γ), IgE, LTB4, LTC4 levels and eosinophilic inflammation in lung tissue.Higenamine treatment controls asthma acute attack and breathlessness and can be used as asthma treatment with control of AHR and decrease of airflow obstruction and mucus hypersecretion and had allegro-immune-regulatory effect. But higenamine treatment had no notable effect on the inflammation and inflammatory factors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Du
- Department of Hospital Infection Management, The Fourth People's Hospital of Chengdu, Chengdu, Sichuan Province, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | - Linlin Qian
- Department of General Surgery, Yancheng No.1 Peoples's Hospital, Yancheng, Jiangsu Province, China
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11
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Wu Z, Mehrabi Nasab E, Arora P, Athari SS. Study effect of probiotics and prebiotics on treatment of OVA-LPS-induced of allergic asthma inflammation and pneumonia by regulating the TLR4/NF-kB signaling pathway. J Transl Med 2022; 20:130. [PMID: 35296330 PMCID: PMC8925173 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-022-03337-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a common respiratory disease, and immune system dysregulation has direct relevance to asthma pathogenesis. Probiotics and prebiotics have immunomodulatory effects and can regulate immune responses and may attenuate allergic reactions. Therefore, in this study, we explored the role of probiotics and prebiotics in regulating acute airway inflammation and the TLR4/NF-kB pathway. Allergic asthma model of BALB/c mice was produced and treated with probiotics (LA-5, GG, and BB-12) and prebiotics (FOS and GOS). Then AHR, BALF cells count, EPO activity, IL-4, 5, 13, 17, 25, 33, as well as IFN-γ, total and OVA-specific IgE, IgG1, Cys-LT, LTB4, LTC4, and TSLP levels were measured. Also, the GTP/GOT assay was performed and gene expression of Akt, NLR3, NF-kB, PI3K, MyD88, TLR4, CCL11, CCL24, MUC5a, Eotaxin, IL-38, and IL-8 were determined. Finally, lung histopathological features were evaluated. Treatment with probiotics could control AHR, eosinophil infiltration to the BALF and reduce the levels of immunoglobulins, IL-17, GTP and also decrease mucus secretion, goblet cell hyperplasia, peribronchial and perivascular inflammation and also, EPO activity. It could reduce gene expression of TLR4 and CCL11. On the other hand, IL-38 gene expression was increased by both probiotic and prebiotic treatment. Treatment with probiotics and prebiotics could control levels of IL-4, 5, 13, 25, 33, leukotrienes, the gene expression of AKT, NLR3, NF-κB, MyD88, MUC5a. The prebiotic treatment could control peribronchial inflammation and PI3K gene expression. Both of the treatments had no significant effect on the GOT, TSLP and IL-8, eotaxin and CCL24 gene expression. Probiotics and prebiotics could induce tolerance in allegro-inflammatory reactions and alter immune responses in allergic conditions. Probiotics could also modulate cellular and humoral immune responses and prevent allergic disorders. Probiotics controls AHR, eosinophil infiltration to the perivascular and BALF, levels of immunoglobulins, IL-17, GTP and also mucus secretion, goblet cell hyperplasia, EPO activity. It could reduce gene expression of TLR4 and CCL11, Probiotics and prebiotics control levels of cytokines (IL-4, 5, 13, 25, and 33), leukotrienes, the gene expression of AKT, NLR3, NF-κB, MyD88, MUC5a, peribronchial inflammation and increase IL-38 gene expression. Prebiotic controls and PI3K gene expression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiwei Wu
- General Internal Medicine Ward, Zhengzhou Central Hospital Affiliated To Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou City, 450007, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Poonam Arora
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, SGT College of Pharmacy, SGT University, Gurugram, Haryana, India
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran.
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12
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Qian L, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SM, Athari SS. Mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. J Investig Med 2022; 70:863-882. [PMID: 35168999 PMCID: PMC9016245 DOI: 10.1136/jim-2021-002098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 11/05/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria, as the powerhouse organelle of cells, are greatly involved in regulating cell signaling pathways, including those related to the innate and acquired immune systems, cellular differentiation, growth, death, apoptosis, and autophagy as well as hypoxic stress responses in various diseases. Asthma is a chronic complicated airway disease characterized by airway hyperresponsiveness, eosinophilic inflammation, mucus hypersecretion, and remodeling of airway. The asthma mortality and morbidity rates have increased worldwide, so understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying asthma progression is necessary for new anti-asthma drug development. The lung is an oxygen-rich organ, and mitochondria, by sensing and processing O2, contribute to the generation of ROS and activation of pro-inflammatory signaling pathways. Asthma pathophysiology has been tightly associated with mitochondrial dysfunction leading to reduced ATP synthase activity, increased oxidative stress, apoptosis induction, and abnormal calcium homeostasis. Defects of the mitochondrial play an essential role in the pro-remodeling mechanisms of lung fibrosis and airway cells’ apoptosis. Identification of mitochondrial therapeutic targets can help repair mitochondrial biogenesis and dysfunction and reverse related pathological changes and lung structural remodeling in asthma. Therefore, we here overviewed the relationship between mitochondrial signaling pathways and asthma pathogenic mechanisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Qian
- Department of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, Shanghai Fifth People's Hospital, Shanghai, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran (the Islamic Republic of)
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13
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Aminian AR, Mohebbati R, Boskabady MH. The Effect of Ocimum basilicum L. and Its Main Ingredients on Respiratory Disorders: An Experimental, Preclinical, and Clinical Review. Front Pharmacol 2022; 12:805391. [PMID: 35046828 PMCID: PMC8762307 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.805391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2021] [Accepted: 12/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Ocimum basilicum L. (O. basilicum) and its constituents show anti-inflammatory, immunomodulatory, and antioxidant effects. The plant has been mainly utilized in traditional medicine for the treatment of respiratory disorders. In the present article, effects of O. basilicum and its main constituents on respiratory disorders, assessed by experimental and clinical studies, were reviewed. Relevant studies were searched in PubMed, Science Direct, Medline, and Embase databases using relevant keywords including “Ocimum basilicum,” “basilicums,” “linalool,” “respiratory disease,” “asthma,” “obstructive pulmonary disease,” “bronchodilatory,” “bronchitis,” “lung cancer,” and “pulmonary fibrosis,” and other related keywords.The reviewed articles showed both relieving and preventing effects of the plant and its ingredients on obstructive pulmonary diseases such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), asthma, and other respiratory disorders such as bronchitis, aspergillosis tuberculosis, and lung cancer. The results of the reviewed articles suggest the therapeutic potential of O. basilicum and its constituent, linalool, on respiratory disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ahmad Reza Aminian
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Reza Mohebbati
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Boskabady
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.,Applied Biomedical Research Center, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran
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14
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An exopolysaccharide from Bacillus subtilis alleviates airway inflammatory responses via the NF-κB and STAT6 pathways in asthmatic mice. Biosci Rep 2022; 42:230674. [PMID: 35040955 PMCID: PMC8799920 DOI: 10.1042/bsr20212461] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Bacillus subtilis is an intestinal probiotic for immune homeostasis and its exopolysaccharide (EPS) is known to possess anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties. The underlying mechanisms are not yet fully understood. In the present study, we investigated the effects of the EPS (50, 100, 200 mg/kg) on airway inflammation in asthmatic mice. Our results showed that EPS treatment of asthmatic mice significantly alleviated pathological damage in the lungs, remarkably decreased the counts of total inflammatory cells including lymphocytes, and eosinophils in the bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) and reduced indexes of oxidative damage. Moreover, the expression of type II T-helper cell (Th2) cytokines (interleukin- (IL)4 and -5) subsequent to EPS treatment was found to be dramatically down-regulated in a concentration-dependent manner. Additionally, the EPS treatment reduced JAK1, STAT6 and nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in the lungs of asthmatic mice. Taken together, these results suggest that the EPS from B. subtilis alleviates asthmatic airway inflammation, which involves the reduction in reactive oxygen species (ROS) and the down-regulation of the STAT6 and NF-κB inflammatory pathways, which can further reduce Th2 cytokine expression and eosinophilic inflammation. Thus, our findings provide a potential mechanism through which the EPS mitigates asthma, suggesting that the EPS could be a potential source of an anti-asthmatic drug.
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15
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Li Y, Li M, Wang R, Wang B, Athari SS, Wang J. Ganoderma Modulates Allergic Asthma Pathologic Features via Anti-inflammatory Effects. Respir Physiol Neurobiol 2022; 299:103843. [PMID: 35026480 DOI: 10.1016/j.resp.2022.103843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2021] [Revised: 10/23/2021] [Accepted: 01/09/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Ganoderma, a fungal genus, is a traditional medicine with immuno-modulating effects. Asthma is an inflammatory disease of airways, and the main trigger of asthma is allergic inflammation. In this study, the effects of Ganoderma (an anti-inflammatory agent) given via oral administration (G/O) or intraperitoneal injection (G/IP) on asthma was evaluated. Forty BALB/c mice were divided into four groups, including the control, OVA-challenge, OVA-challenge + G/O, and OVA-challenge + G/IP. To determine AHR, the MCh challenge test was done. The levels of IL-1β, -4, -5, -6, -8, -10, -12, -13, -17, -25, -33, -38, Cys-LT, LTB4, and hydroxyproline were measured. Finally, lung histopathology was evaluated to determine eosinophilic inflammation, goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucus hyper-secretion. Treatment with G/O and G/IP could significantly reduce the levels of IL-1β, -5, -6, -8, -17, -25, -33, and -38; the levels of IL-4 and IL-13 had no significant changes, but the levels of IL-10 and IL-12 were enhanced. The mice treated with G/O and G/IP showed decreased levels of Cys-LT, LTB4, peribronchial and perivascular inflammation, but no significant changes were observed in AHR, hydroxyproline level, goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucus hyper-secretion. Ganoderma can be applied as an immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory agent for managing asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yanfeng Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xidian Group Hospital, Xi'an city, 710077, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaomiao Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xidian Group Hospital, Xi'an city, 710077, People's Republic of China
| | - Rui Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xidian Group Hospital, Xi'an city, 710077, People's Republic of China
| | - Biyu Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xidian Group Hospital, Xi'an city, 710077, People's Republic of China
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Jinli Wang
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Xidian Group Hospital, Xi'an city, 710077, People's Republic of China.
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16
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Huang M, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SS. Immunoregulatory effect of mesenchymal stem cell via mitochondria signaling pathways in allergic asthma. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:6957-6962. [PMID: 34866995 PMCID: PMC8626264 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/16/2021] [Revised: 06/23/2021] [Accepted: 07/26/2021] [Indexed: 12/05/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma is a complicated lung disease, which has increased morbidity and mortality rates in worldwide. There is an overlap between asthma pathophysiology and mitochondrial dysfunction and MSCs may have regulatory effect on mitochondrial dysfunction and treats asthma. Therefore, immune-modulatory effect of MSCs and mitochondrial signaling pathways in asthma was studied. After culturing of MSCs and producing asthma animal model, the mice were treated with MSCs via IV via IT. BALf's eosinophil Counting, The levels of IL-4, −5, −13, −25, –33, INF-γ, Cys-LT, LTB4, LTC4, mitochondria genes expression of COX-1, COX-2, ND1, Nrf2, Cytb were measured and lung histopathological study were done. BALf's eosinophils, the levels of IL-4, −5, −13, −25, –33, LTB4, LTC4, Cys-LT, the mitochondria genes expression (COX-1, COX-2, Cytb and ND-1), perivascular and peribronchial inflammation, mucus hyper-production and hyperplasia of the goblet cell in pathological study were significantly decreased in MSCs-treated asthma mice and reverse trend was found about Nrf-2 gene expression, IFN-γ level and ratio of the INF-γ/IL-4. MSC therapy can control inflammation, immune-inflammatory factors in asthma and mitochondrial related genes, and prevent asthma immune-pathology.
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Key Words
- AHR, Airway hyperresponsiveness
- ATP, Adenosine triphosphate
- Allergy
- BALF, Bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- BM, Bone marrow
- CCL, Chemokine (C-C motif) ligand
- CD, Cluster of differentiation
- COX, Cyclooxygenase
- Cys-LT, Cysteinyl Leukotriene
- Cytb, Cytochrome b
- Drp1, Mitochondrial fission depends on the cytosolic GTPase dynamin-related protein 1
- ELISA, Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- FIS1, Mitochondrial fission 1 protein
- H&E, Haemotoxylin and eosin
- HGF, Hepatocyte growth factor
- HLA, Human leukocyte antigen
- HO, Heme oxygenase
- IDO, Indoleamine 2,3-dioxygenase
- IFN, Interferon
- IL, Interleukin
- IP, Intraperitoneal injection
- IT, Intratrachea administration
- Ig, Immunoglobulin
- Immune system
- Inflammation
- LT, Leukotriene
- MFN, Mitofusin
- MIP, macrophage inflammatory protein
- MMP, Matrix metalloproteinase
- MSC
- MSC, mesenchymal stem cell
- MSC/BI, mesenchymal stem cell bronchial administration
- MSC/IV, mesenchymal stem cell intravenous injection
- ND1, NADH-ubiquinone oxidoreductase chain 1
- NO, Nitric oxide
- Nrf, Nuclear erythroid 2 p45-related factor
- OPA1, Mitochondrial dynamin like GTPase
- OVA, Ovalbumin
- PAS, Periodic-acid-Schiff
- PBS, Phosphate-buffered saline
- PGC1a, Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma coactivator 1-alpha
- PGE2, Prostaglandin E2
- ROS, Reactive oxygen species
- TFAM, Transcription factor A mitochondrial
- TGF, Transforming growth factor
- TNF, Tumor necrosis factor
- Th, T helper
- iPSC, induced pluripotent stem cells
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Affiliation(s)
- Minmin Huang
- Department of ICU, People's Hospital of Haimen District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province, Haimen District, Nantong City, Jiangsu Province 226100, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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17
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Zhang L, Yi H, Sang N. Sulfur dioxide-induced exacerbation of airway inflammation via reactive oxygen species production and the toll-like receptor 4/nuclear factor-κB pathway in asthmatic mice. Toxicol Ind Health 2021; 37:564-572. [PMID: 34448417 DOI: 10.1177/07482337211033136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Sulfur dioxide (SO2) is a common air pollutant that can exacerbate asthmatic airway inflammation. The mechanisms underlying these effects are not yet fully understood. In this study, we investigated the effects of SO2 exposure (10 mg/m3) on asthmatic airway inflammation in ovalbumin-induced asthmatic mice. Our results showed that SO2 exposure alone induced slight airway injury, decreased superoxide dismutase activity, and increased nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) expression in the lungs of mice. Moreover, SO2 exposure in asthmatic mice induced marked pathological damage, significantly increased the counts of inflammatory cells (e.g., macrophages, lymphocytes, and eosinophils) in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, and significantly enhanced malondialdehyde and glutathione levels in the lungs. Moreover, the expression of toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), NF-κB, pro-inflammatory cytokines (e.g., tumor necrosis factor α and interleukin-6), and type II T-helper cell (Th2) cytokines was found to be elevated in the mice exposed to SO2 and ovalbumin compared to those exposed to ovalbumin alone. These results suggest that SO2 amplifies Th2-mediated inflammatory responses, which involve reactive oxygen species and TLR4/NF-κB pathway activation; these can further enhance Th2 cytokine expression and eosinophilic inflammation. Thus, our findings provide important evidence to understand a potential mechanism through which SO2 may exacerbate airway asthmatic inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lingxiu Zhang
- School of Life Science, 12441Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,College of Environment and Resource Sciences, 12441Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China.,Department of Biology, 66353Xinzhou Teachers University, Xinzhou, China
| | - Huilan Yi
- School of Life Science, 12441Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Nan Sang
- College of Environment and Resource Sciences, 12441Shanxi University, Taiyuan, China
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18
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Jiang M, Fang Y, Li Y, Huang H, Wei Z, Gao X, Sung HK, Hu J, Qiang L, Ruan J, Chen Q, Jiang D, Whitsett JA, Ai X, Que J. VEGF receptor 2 (KDR) protects airways from mucus metaplasia through a Sox9-dependent pathway. Dev Cell 2021; 56:1646-1660.e5. [PMID: 34010630 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2021.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 03/08/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
Mucus-secreting goblet cells are the dominant cell type in pulmonary diseases, e.g., asthma and cystic fibrosis (CF), leading to pathologic mucus metaplasia and airway obstruction. Cytokines including IL-13 are the major players in the transdifferentiation of club cells into goblet cells. Unexpectedly, we have uncovered a previously undescribed pathway promoting mucous metaplasia that involves VEGFa and its receptor KDR. Single-cell RNA sequencing analysis coupled with genetic mouse modeling demonstrates that loss of epithelial VEGFa, KDR, or MEK/ERK kinase promotes excessive club-to-goblet transdifferentiation during development and regeneration. Sox9 is required for goblet cell differentiation following Kdr inhibition in both mouse and human club cells. Significantly, airway mucous metaplasia in asthmatic and CF patients is also associated with reduced KDR signaling and increased SOX9 expression. Together, these findings reveal an unexpected role for VEGFa/KDR signaling in the defense against mucous metaplasia, offering a potential therapeutic target for this common airway pathology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ming Jiang
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, P.R. China; Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yinshan Fang
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Yu Li
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA; Tianjin Key Laboratory of Lung Regenerative Medicine, Haihe Hospital, Tianjin 300350, P.R. China
| | - Huachao Huang
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Zichen Wei
- National Clinical Research Center for Child Health of the Children's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310058 Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Xia Gao
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA
| | - Hoon-Ki Sung
- Translation Medicine Program, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Jim Hu
- Translation Medicine Program, the Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, ON M5G 0A4, Canada
| | - Li Qiang
- Department of Pathology and Cell Biology, Naomi Berrie Diabetes Center, Columbia University College of Physicians & Surgeons, New York, NY 10032, USA
| | - Jian Ruan
- Department of Medical Oncology, the First Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310003 Zhejiang, P.R. China
| | - Qixuan Chen
- Mailman School of Public Health, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Dianhua Jiang
- Department of Medicine, Cedars-Sinai Medical Center, Los Angeles, 90048 CA, USA
| | - Jeffrey A Whitsett
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Cincinnati and Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA
| | - Xingbin Ai
- Division of Newborn Medicine, Department of Pediatrics, Massachusetts General Hospital for Children, Boston, MA 02114, USA
| | - Jianwen Que
- Columbia Center for Human Development & Division of Digestive and Liver Disease, Department of Medicine, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA; Herbert Irving Comprehensive Cancer Center, Columbia University Medical Center, NY 10032, USA.
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19
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Wang D, Mehrabi Nasab E, Athari SS. Study effect of Baicalein encapsulated/loaded Chitosan-nanoparticle on allergic Asthma pathology in mouse model. Saudi J Biol Sci 2021; 28:4311-4317. [PMID: 34354413 PMCID: PMC8324934 DOI: 10.1016/j.sjbs.2021.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2021] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 04/04/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma as chronic airway disease has high prevalence in children and imbalance of Th1/Th2 is a critical mechanism in pathogenesis of the asthma. Baicalein as a cell protective and anti-inflammatory flavonoid may have anti-asthma effect. Therefore, for better using lung, baicalein was used in chitosan-nanoparticle as anti-asthma treatment. Baicalein was loaded and encapsulated in chitosan nanoparticle. The morphology, physical characters (particle size, zeta potential and FT-IR) were analyzed. Drug encapsulation and loading capacity, accumulative release-time were studied. After asthma model producing, the mice were treated with L-B-NP and E-B-NP. At least, MCh challenge test, Cytokines measurement and Lung Histopathology were done. Nanoparticles had average size 285 ± 25 nm with negative charge −2.5 mV. The L-B-NP decreased penh value and E-B-NP decreased inflammation. Both nanoparticles increased IL-12 and decreased IL-5. Also, L-B-NP decreased mucus secretion in bronchi. L-B-NP and E-B-NP control immune-allergo-inflammatory response of asthma. L-B-NP controlled AHR and E-B-NP controlled inflammation that can be used as controlling anti-asthma drug.
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Key Words
- AB, alcian blue
- AHR, airway hyperresponsiveness
- AP-1, activator protein 1
- Airway
- BALf, bronchoalveolar lavage fluid
- BBB, blood–brain barrier
- COX, cyclooxygenase
- E-B-NP, encapsulated-Baicalein-nanoparticles
- ELISA, the enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay
- FT-IR, fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy
- Flavonoid
- H&E, hematoxylin and eosin
- IL, interleukin
- IP, intraperitoneal
- IT, intratracheal
- Inflammation
- L-B-NP, loaded-Baicalein-nanoparticles
- MAP, mitogen-activated protein
- MCh, methacholine
- MTT, The 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide
- NF-κB, the nuclear factor-κB
- Nano
- OVA, ovalbumin
- PAS, periodic acid–schiff
- PG, prostaglandin
- TNF, tumor necrosis factor
- Th, T lymphocyte helper
- iNOS, inducible nitric oxide synthase
- mV, millivolt
- nm, nanometer
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Wang
- Department of Internal Medicine of Traditional Chinese Medicine, People's Hospital of Yanting County, Sichuan 621600, China
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Cardiologist, Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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Ma B, Athari SS, Mehrabi Nasab E, Zhao L. PI3K/AKT/mTOR and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB Signaling Inhibitors Attenuate Pathological Mechanisms of Allergic Asthma. Inflammation 2021; 44:1895-1907. [PMID: 33860870 DOI: 10.1007/s10753-021-01466-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 55] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Asthma is an inflammatory airway disease wherein bronchoconstriction, airway inflammation, and airway obstruction during asthma attacks are the main problems. It is recognized that imbalance of Th1/Th2 and Th17/Treg is a critical factor in asthma pathogenesis. Manipulation of these with signaling molecules such as mTOR, PI3K, Akt, and MyD88 can control asthma. Mouse model of allergic asthma was produced and treated with ketamine, metformin, metformin and ketamine, triciribine, LY294002, and torin2. MCh challenge test, BALf's Eos Count, the IL-4, 5, INF-γ, eicosanoid, total IgE levels were determined. The MUC5a, Foxp3, RORγt, PI3K, mTOR, Akt, PU.1, and MyD88 gene expressions and histopathology study were done. Asthma groups that were treated with all six components had reduced Penh value, total IgE, IL-4 and IL-5 levels, MUC5a, RORγt, MyD88 and mTOR expression, goblet cell hyperplasia, and mucus hyper-secretion. The eosinophil percentage and Cys-LT level were decreased by metformin and ketamine, triciribine, LY294002, and torin2. The level of IFN-γ was increased in triciribine, LY294002, and torin2. Metformin, metformin and ketamine, triciribine, LY294002, and torin2 reduced Akt and PI3K expression, peribronchial and perivascular inflammation, and increased expression of Foxp3. Torin2 had an effect on PU.1 expression. Inhibition of PI3K/AKT/mTOR and TLR4/MyD88/NF-κB signaling with targeted molecules can attenuate asthma pathology and play an important role in airways protection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baowei Ma
- Department of Thoracic Surgery, Xilingol League Hospital, Xilin Hot City, 026000, Inner Mongolia, China
| | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Entezar Mehrabi Nasab
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Tehran Heart Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Limin Zhao
- Department of Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou University People's Hospital, Henan University People's Hospital, Zhengzhou, 450003, Henan, China.
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Li J, Tiwari A, Mirzakhani H, Wang AL, Kho AT, McGeachie MJ, Litonjua AA, Weiss ST, Tantisira KG. Circulating MicroRNA: Incident Asthma Prediction and Vitamin D Effect Modification. J Pers Med 2021; 11:jpm11040307. [PMID: 33923455 PMCID: PMC8073146 DOI: 10.3390/jpm11040307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Of children with recurrent wheezing in early childhood, approximately half go on to develop asthma. MicroRNAs have been described as excellent non-invasive biomarkers due to their prognostic utility. We hypothesized that circulating microRNAs can predict incident asthma and that that prediction might be modified by vitamin D. We selected 75 participants with recurrent wheezing at 3 years old from the Vitamin D Antenatal Asthma Reduction Trial (VDAART). Plasma samples were collected at age 3 and sequenced for small RNA-Seq. The read counts were normalized and filtered by depth and coverage. Logistic regression was employed to associate miRNAs at age 3 with asthma status at age 5. While the overall effect of miRNA on asthma occurrence was weak, we identified 38 miRNAs with a significant interaction effect with vitamin D and 32 miRNAs with a significant main effect in the high vitamin D treatment group in VDAART. We validated the VDAART results in Project Viva for both the main effect and interaction effect. Meta-analysis was performed on both cohorts to obtain the combined effect and a logistic regression model was used to predict incident asthma at age 7 in Project Viva. Of the 23 overlapped miRNAs in the stratified and interaction analysis above, 9 miRNAs were replicated in Project Viva with strong effect size and remained in the meta-analysis of the two populations. The target genes of the 9 miRNAs were enriched for asthma-related Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) signaling pathways. Using logistic regression, microRNA hsa-miR-574-5p had a good prognostic ability for incident asthma prognosis with an area under the receiver operating characteristic (AUROC) of 0.83. In conclusion, miRNAs appear to be good biomarkers of incident asthma, but only when vitamin D level is considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang Li
- Research Center, The Seventh Affiliated Hospital of Sun Yat-Sen University, Shenzhen 518107, China;
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Anshul Tiwari
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Hooman Mirzakhani
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Alberta L. Wang
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Alvin T. Kho
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
- Computational Health Informatics Program, Boston Children’s Hospital, Boston, MA 02115, USA
| | - Michael J. McGeachie
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Augusto A. Litonjua
- Division of Pediatric Pulmonary Medicine, Golisano Children’s Hospital at Strong, University of Rochester Medical Center, Rochester, NY 14642, USA;
| | - Scott T. Weiss
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
| | - Kelan G. Tantisira
- Channing Division of Network Medicine, Brigham and Women’s Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA 02115, USA; (A.T.); (H.M.); (A.L.W.); (A.T.K.); (M.J.M.); (S.T.W.)
- Division of Pediatric Respiratory Medicine, Rady Children’s Hospital San Diego, University of California, San Diego, CA 92123, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(858)-966-5846; Fax: +1-(858)-966-8457
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Kytikova OY, Perelman JM, Novgorodtseva TP, Denisenko YK, Kolosov VP, Antonyuk MV, Gvozdenko TA. Peroxisome Proliferator-Activated Receptors as a Therapeutic Target in Asthma. PPAR Res 2020; 2020:8906968. [PMID: 32395125 PMCID: PMC7201810 DOI: 10.1155/2020/8906968] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 12/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of the pathogenetic mechanisms of the development of chronic inflammation in asthma determines its heterogeneity and insufficient treatment effectiveness. Nuclear transcription factors, which include peroxisome proliferator-activated receptors, that is, PPARs, play an important role in the regulation of initiation and resolution of the inflammatory process. The ability of PPARs to modulate not only lipid homeostasis but also the activity of the inflammatory response makes them an important pathogenetic target in asthma therapy. At present, special attention is focused on natural (polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFAs), endocannabinoids, and eicosanoids) and synthetic (fibrates, thiazolidinediones) PPAR ligands and the study of signaling mechanisms involved in the implementation of their anti-inflammatory effects in asthma. This review summarizes current views on the structure and function of PPARs, as well as their participation in the pathogenesis of chronic inflammation in asthma. The potential use of PPAR ligands as therapeutic agents for treating asthma is under discussion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Oxana Yu. Kytikova
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Juliy M. Perelman
- Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia
| | - Tatyana P. Novgorodtseva
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Yulia K. Denisenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Viktor P. Kolosov
- Far Eastern Scientific Center of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Russian Academy of Sciences, Blagoveshchensk, Russia
| | - Marina V. Antonyuk
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
| | - Tatyana A. Gvozdenko
- Vladivostok Branch of Far Eastern Scientific Centre of Physiology and Pathology of Respiration, Institute of Medical Climatology and Rehabilitative Treatment, Vladivostok, Russia
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Chimeric antigen receptor -T cell therapy: Applications and challenges in treatment of allergy and asthma. Biomed Pharmacother 2019; 123:109685. [PMID: 31862474 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2019.109685] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2019] [Revised: 10/28/2019] [Accepted: 11/16/2019] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Despite the current advancements, cancer treatment approaches have limitations restricting their cure rate. Immunotherapy techniques are among novel and promising cancer therapeutic approaches. Therapeutic antibodies and adoptive cell therapy (ACT) are the main branches of immunotherapy. T lymphocytes and genetically engineered cells are among important cells which can be used in ACT. This review has focused on recent advances in engineered cell-based immunotherapy based on T lymphocytes with chimeric antigen receptors (CARs). CARs are recombinant receptors expressing T cell signaling domains with or without co-stimulatory molecules. CAR-T cells are expanded ex vivo and re-infused to patients in order to improve their therapeutic efficacy. Nowadays, the beneficial function of CAR-T cell therapy has been indicated in various diseases including hematological malignancies, solid tumors, autoimmune diseases, and allergic diseases such as asthma. Furthermore, antigen-specific T regulatory cells (Tregs) and gene-edited T cells seem to be beneficial in controlling inflammation in allergic asthma. In fact, dysregulated function of Tregs is responsible for dominance of T helper 2 immune response and progression of allergic asthma. CAR-Treg cells can also be designed and reproduced using iTreg population to manage asthma. In addition, universal CAR-T cells can be modified to selectively target multiple antigens. The fourth generation CAR-T cells (i.e. TRUCK cells) represent novel strategies to cure asthma and allergic diseases as well. Despite the advantages of CAR-T cells, their applications can be associated with some unwanted reactions such as cytokine storm, anaphylaxis, neurotoxicity, etc. For clinical application, there is a need to prevent and manage these complications by optimizing ACT protocols.
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Ghaffarpour S, Foroutan A, Askari N, Abbas FM, Salehi E, Nikoonejad M, Naghizadeh MM, Eskandarian M, Moghadam KG, Akbari HMH, Yarmohammadi ME, Ghazanfari T. SP-A and TLR4 localization in lung tissue of SM-exposed patients. Int Immunopharmacol 2019; 80:105936. [PMID: 31718931 DOI: 10.1016/j.intimp.2019.105936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2019] [Revised: 09/14/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Long-term pulmonary complications are one of the major long-term consequences of sulfur mustard (SM) exposure. Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) involves in the pathogenesis of several pulmonary disorders. Surfactant protein-A (SP-A) regulates LPS-induced TLR4 localization and activation responses. However, the intensity and significance of TLR4 and SP-A expression by lung cells in SM-exposed patients is not clear. METHODS The gene expression of TLR4 (through real-time PCR) and TLR4 and SP-A positive cells and alveolar type II cells, as SP-A producers, (using IHC) were assessed in formalin fixed paraffin embedded (FFPE) specimens from SM-exposed (n = 17), and non-SM exposed individuals (n = 12). RESULTS TLR4 gene expression did not change between study groups. However, its cell surface presentation was significantly reduced in SM-exposed patients and particularly in which with constrictive bronchiolitis compared with the control group (P < 0.001 and P = 0.002, respectively). Frequency of alveolar type II cells was lower in the case group rather than the control group while the number of SP-A positive cells did not alter. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that reduced TLR4 cell surface presentation may have anti-inflammatory function and SP-A may have a critical role in regulation of inflammatory responses in SM-exposed patients. Further investigation on other possible mechanisms involved in TLR4 internalization maybe help to illustrate the modulatory or inflammatory activity of TLR4 in these patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Ghaffarpour
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Abbas Foroutan
- Department of Physiology, Shaheed Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Nayere Askari
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Basic Sciences, Shahid Bahonar, University of Kerman, Kerman, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Mashhadi Abbas
- Department of Oral & Maxillofacial Pathology, School of Dentistry, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Eisa Salehi
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Mohammad Mehdi Naghizadeh
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Non Communicable Diseases Research Center, Fasa University of Medical Science, Fasa, Iran
| | - Maryam Eskandarian
- Department of Immunology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, Tarbiat Modares University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Keivan Gohari Moghadam
- Internal Medicine Department, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Hassan Mohammad Hosseini Akbari
- Department of Pathology, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Traditional Medicine School, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | | | - Tooba Ghazanfari
- Immunoregulation Research Center, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Immunology, Shahed University, Tehran, Iran.
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Athari SS. Targeting cell signaling in allergic asthma. Signal Transduct Target Ther 2019; 4:45. [PMID: 31637021 PMCID: PMC6799822 DOI: 10.1038/s41392-019-0079-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 32.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2019] [Revised: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 09/15/2019] [Indexed: 02/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Asthma is chronic inflammation of the airways characterized by airway hyper-responsiveness, wheezing, cough, and dyspnea. Asthma affects >350 million people worldwide. The Th2 immune response is a major contributor to the pathophysiology of asthma. Targeted therapy modulating cell signaling pathways can be a powerful strategy to design new drugs to treat asthma. The potential molecular pathways that can be targeted include IL-4-IL-13-JAK-STAT-MAP kinases, adiponectin-iNOS-NF-κB, PGD2-CRTH2, IFNs-RIG, Wnt/β-catenin-FAM13A, FOXC1-miR-PI3K/AKT, JNK-Gal-7, Nrf2-ROS, Foxp3-RORγt, CysLTR, AMP, Fas-FasL, PTHrP/PPARγ, PAI-1, FcɛRI-LAT-SLP-76, Tim-3-Gal-9, TLRs-MyD88, PAR2, and Keap1/Nrf2/ARE. Therapeutic drugs can be designed to target one or more of these pathways to treat asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
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In vitro-in vivo correlation of inhalable budesonide-loaded large porous particles for sustained treatment regimen of asthma. Acta Biomater 2019; 96:505-516. [PMID: 31265921 DOI: 10.1016/j.actbio.2019.06.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/27/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Large porous particles (LPPs) are well-known vehicles for drug delivery to the lungs. However, it remains uncertain whether or to which extent the in vitro drug release behavior of LPPs can be predictive of their in vivo performance (e.g., systemic exposure and therapeutic efficacy). With regard to this, three budesonide-loaded LPP formulations with identical composition but distinct in vitro drug release profiles were studied in vivo for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior after delivery to rat lung, and finally, an in vitro/in vivo correlation (IVIVC) was established. All formulations reduced approximately 75% of the uptake by RAW264.7 macrophages compared with budesonide/lactose physical mixture and showed a drug release-dependent retention behavior in the lungs of rats. Likewise, the highest budesonide plasma concentration was measured for the formulation revealing the fastest in vitro drug release. After deconvolution of the plasma concentration/time profiles, the calculated in vivo drug release data were successfully utilized for a point-to-point IVIVC with the in vitro release profiles and the predictability of the developed IVIVC was acceptable. Finally, effective therapy was observed in an allergic asthma rat model for the sustained drug release formulations. Overall, the obtained in vitro results correlate well with the systemic drug exposure and the therapeutic performance of the investigated lung-delivered formulations, which can provide an experimental basis for IVIVC development in the pulmonary-controlled delivery system. STATEMENT OF SIGNIFICANCE: Large porous particles (LPPs) are well-known vehicles for drug delivery to the lungs. However, it remains uncertain whether or to which extent the in vitro drug release behavior of LPPs can be predicted by their in vivo performance (e.g., systemic exposure and therapeutic efficacy). With regard to this, three budesonide-loaded PLGA-based LPP formulations with identical composition but distinct in vitro drug release profiles were studied in vivo for their pharmacokinetic and pharmacodynamic behavior, and finally, an in vitro/in vivo correlation (IVIVC) was established. It was demonstrated that the influence of the in vitro drug release profile was obvious during lung retention, systemic exposure, and therapeutic efficacy measurements. An IVIVC (Level A) was successfully established for the budesonide-loaded LPPs delivered to the airspace of rats for the first time. Taken together, the present work will clearly support research and development activities in the field of controlled drug delivery to the lungs.
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Role of Leukotriene B 4 Receptor-2 in Mast Cells in Allergic Airway Inflammation. Int J Mol Sci 2019; 20:ijms20122897. [PMID: 31197082 PMCID: PMC6627931 DOI: 10.3390/ijms20122897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2019] [Revised: 06/12/2019] [Accepted: 06/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Mast cells are effector cells in the immune system that play an important role in the allergic airway inflammation. Recently, it was reported that BLT2, a low-affinity leukotriene (LT) B4 receptor, plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of allergic airway inflammation through its action in mast cells. We observed that highly elevated expression levels of BLT2 are critical for the pathogenesis leading to allergic airway inflammation, and that if BLT2 expression is downregulated by siBLT2-mediated knockdown, allergic inflammation is dramatically alleviated. Furthermore, we demonstrated that BLT2 mediates the synthesis of vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) and Th2 cytokines, such as interleukin (IL)-13, in mast cells during allergic inflammation. Based on the critical roles of BLT2 in mast cells in allergic inflammation, anti-BLT2 strategies could contribute to the development of new therapies for allergic airway inflammation.
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Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) allergic disease is an umbrella term used to describe a variety of adverse, food antigen-driven, immune-mediated diseases. Although these diseases vary mechanistically, common elements include a breakdown of immunologic tolerance, a biased type 2 immune response, and an impaired mucosal barrier. These pathways are influenced by diverse factors such as diet, infections, exposure to antibiotics and chemicals, GI microbiome composition, and genetic and epigenetic elements. Early childhood has emerged as a critical period when these factors have a dramatic impact on shaping the immune system and therefore triggering or protecting against the onset of GI allergic diseases. In this Review, we will discuss the latest findings on the molecular and cellular mechanisms that govern GI allergic diseases and how these findings have set the stage for emerging preventative and treatment strategies.
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Huang C, Wang J, Zheng X, Chen Y, Wei H, Sun R, Tian Z. Activation of TLR Signaling in Sensitization-Recruited Inflammatory Monocytes Attenuates OVA-Induced Allergic Asthma. Front Immunol 2018; 9:2591. [PMID: 30510553 PMCID: PMC6252340 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2018.02591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2018] [Accepted: 10/22/2018] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The activation of Toll-like receptor (TLR) signaling is widely reported to be involved in preventing the development of allergic asthma. However, the mechanism of the protective function of TLR signaling remains limited. Here, we studied the mouse model of ovalbumin (OVA)-induced allergic asthma and found that deficiency of TLR signaling or activating TLR signaling with agonist would aggravate or attenuate OVA-induced allergic asthma, respectively, and TLR signaling-mediated protective effect mainly affected the sensitization phase. After OVA/alum sensitization, neutrophils and inflammatory monocytes were recruited into peritoneal cavity and up-regulated TLRs expression. However, adoptive transfer of inflammatory monocytes but not peritoneal macrophages or neutrophils induced allergic symptoms in recipient mice after OVA challenge even without OVA/alum sensitization, and treating the inflammatory monocytes with TLR agonist in vitro before transfer could abolish this effect, indicating that recruited inflammatory monocytes played a determinant role in OVA-induced allergic asthma, and activation of TLR signaling in them could attenuate allergic symptoms. Finally, we found that activation of TLR signaling could increase the expression of T-helper (Th) 1-associated cytokines in inflammatory monocytes. Our results suggest that activation of TLR signaling in sensitization-recruited inflammatory monocytes attenuates OVA-induced allergic asthma by promoting the expression of Th1-associated cytokines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Huang
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Xiaodong Zheng
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Yongyan Chen
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Haiming Wei
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Rui Sun
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
| | - Zhigang Tian
- Institute of Immunology and The CAS Key Laboratory of Innate Immunity and Chronic Disease, School of Life Sciences and Medical Center, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China.,Hefei National Laboratory for Physical Sciences at Microscale, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, China
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Study effect of Ocimum basilicum seeds on mucus production and cytokine gene expression in allergic asthma mice model. REVUE FRANCAISE D ALLERGOLOGIE 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reval.2018.08.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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Zhang Y, Wang HC, Feng C, Yan M. Analysis of the Association of Polymorphisms rs5743708 in TLR2 and rs4986790 in TLR4 with Atopic Dermatitis Risk. Immunol Invest 2018; 48:169-180. [PMID: 30273064 DOI: 10.1080/08820139.2018.1508228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We carried out a meta-analysis to assess whether Toll-like receptor 2 (TLR2) rs5743708 and Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) rs4986790 polymorphisms are associated with the risk of atopic dermatitis. METHODS A systematic search of PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science was performed to identify eligible case-control studies on the association of rs5743708 and rs4986790 with the risk of atopic dermatitis. Statistical analyses of the odds ratio (OR), 95% confidence interval (CI), and p value were performed using STATA software. RESULTS Our meta-analysis included a total of nine case-control studies, all involving Caucasian populations. With respect to the TLR2 rs5743708 G/A polymorphism, there was a statistically significant difference in the overall risk of atopic dermatitis between the case and control groups [OR = 2.07, p value of association test, p(association) = 0.001 in allele (A vs. G) model; OR = 1.93, p(association) = 0.004 in carrier (A vs. G) model; OR = 2.07, p(association) = 0.001 in heterozygote (GA vs. GG) model; OR = 1.99, p(association) = 0.001 in dominant (GA+ AA vs. GG) model]. Similar positive results were observed in the subgroup analysis of "population-based control." For the TLR4 rs4986790 A/G polymorphism, an increased atopic dermatitis risk was detected in the case group under the allele [OR = 1.78, p(association) = 0.013], carrier [OR = 1.69, p(association) = 0.027] and heterozygote [OR = 1.74, p(association) = 0.020] models, but not the dominant [OR = 1.44, p(association) = 0.070] model, in comparison to the population-based control group. CONCLUSION Our meta-analysis revealed a novel finding that the heterogeneous "GA" genotype of the TLR2 rs5743708 and "AG" genotype of the TLR4 rs4986790 may be associated with increased susceptibility to atopic dermatitis in Caucasians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan Zhang
- a Department of Dermatology , Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Hui-Cong Wang
- a Department of Dermatology , Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Chao Feng
- a Department of Dermatology , Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital , Shandong , China
| | - Min Yan
- a Department of Dermatology , Shengli Oilfield Central Hospital , Shandong , China
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The Cell Research Trends of Asthma: A Stem Frequency Analysis of the Literature. JOURNAL OF HEALTHCARE ENGINEERING 2018; 2018:9363820. [PMID: 30210753 PMCID: PMC6126072 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9363820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2017] [Revised: 03/26/2018] [Accepted: 07/22/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Objective This study summarized asthma literature indexed in the Medical Literature Analysis and Retrieval System Online (MEDLINE) and explored the history and present trends of asthma cell research by stem frequency ranking to forecast the prospect of future work. Methods Literature was obtained from MEDLINE for the past 30 years and divided into three groups by decade as the retrieval time. The frequency of stemmed words in each group was calculated using Python with Apache Spark and the Natural Language Tool Kit for ranking. The unique stems or shared stems of 3 decades were summarized. Results A total of 1331, 4393, and 7215 records were retrieved from 3 decades chronologically, and the stem ranking of the top 50 were listed by frequency. The number of stems shared with 3 decades was 26 and with the first and last 2 decades was 5 and 13. Conclusions The number of cell research studies of asthma has increased rapidly, and scholars have paid more attentions on experimental research, especially on mechanistic research. Eosinophils, mast cells, and T cells are the hot spots of immunocyte research, while epithelia and smooth muscle cells are the hot spots of structural cell research. The research trend is closely linked with the development of experimental technology, including animal models. Early studies featured basic research, but immunity research has dominated in recent decades. The distinct definition of asthma phenotypes associated with genetic characteristics, immunity research, and the introduction of new cells will be the hot spots in future work.
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Han S, Ma C, Bao L, Lv L, Huang M. miR-146a Mimics Attenuate Allergic Airway Inflammation by Impacted Group 2 Innate Lymphoid Cells in an Ovalbumin-Induced Asthma Mouse Model. Int Arch Allergy Immunol 2018; 177:302-310. [PMID: 30134242 DOI: 10.1159/000491438] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Accepted: 06/21/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The prevalence of allergic asthma has increased dramatically. Previous studies have found that the microRNA 146a (miR-146a) expression in asthma inhibits cell proliferation and promotes apoptosis of bronchial smooth muscle cells. We aimed to investigate the effect of miR-146a mimics on ovalbumin (OVA)-induced asthma in a mouse model. METHODS Inflammatory cell infiltration in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) was measured by flow cytometry. Levels of OVA-specific immunoglobulin E (IgE) in serum and cytokines in BALF were examined by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. For monitoring the airway, the Penh value (% baseline) was measured using a whole-body plethysmograph. RESULTS In OVA-induced asthmatic mice, miR-146a significantly suppressed the infiltration of inflammatory cells in BALF and decreased the levels of OVA-specific IgE and T helper 2 cell type cytokines. In addition, miR-146a inhibited the OVA-induced airway hyperresponsiveness and the group 2 innate lymphoid cell responses. Moreover, the effects of miR-146a mimics were dependent on interleukin 33 stimulation. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that miR-146a mimics might serve as an attractive candidate for further preclinical studies as an anti-inflammatory treatment of asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuguang Han
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Chenhui Ma
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Liang Bao
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Lei Lv
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, the Affiliated Wuxi No. 2 People's Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Wuxi, China
| | - Mao Huang
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing,
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Zhang L, Yang L, Zhang X, Jiaqi L, Fan L, Beck-Broichsitter M, Zhang X, Muenster U, Wang X, Zhao J, Zhang Y, Mao S. Sustained therapeutic efficacy of budesonide-loaded chitosan swellable microparticles after lung delivery: Influence of in vitro release, treatment interval and dose. J Control Release 2018; 283:163-174. [PMID: 29842919 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2018.05.031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
Sustained drug delivery to the respiratory tract is highly desirable for local treatment of chronic lung diseases. In this context, a correlation of in vitro drug release with in vivo efficacy data is essential to accelerate the application of sustained drug delivery system for inhalation into the clinical setting. In this study, budesonide was incorporated into distinct chitosan-based swellable microparticles, which were characterized, and the in vitro drug release behavior determined. The particles were then given to an allergic asthma animal model as single and successive administrations, and the therapeutic response was determined by measuring cell counts, IL-4 and IL-5 levels in bronchoalveolar lavage fluid, IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA in the lung and by histopathologic examination of lung tissues. After a single administration, the time-dependent therapeutic effect of the swellable microparticles was correlated with the in vitro release behavior, which lasted for 12 or 18 h depending on the molecular weight of the chitosan. After seven days of successive treatment, the number of eosinophils decreased further and IL-4 and IL-5 mRNA expression in the lung tissue was more greatly inhibited. Moreover, the chitosan-based swellable microparticles allowed longer administration intervals (every two days), which decreased the required dose for effectiveness by 50%. These results demonstrate that chitosan-based swellable microparticles can sustain the therapeutic effect of budesonide in the respiratory tract which in principal can be applied to other drugs for the treatment of local lung diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lan Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Linglong Yang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xiaofei Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Li Jiaqi
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Linlin Fan
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | | | - Xiao Zhang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Uwe Muenster
- Chemical & Pharmaceutical Development, Bayer AG, Wuppertal D-42117, Germany
| | - Xiuhua Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Jing Zhao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yuyang Zhang
- School of Life Science and Biopharmaceutics, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Shirui Mao
- School of Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
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Zhou X, Dang YJ, Wang GF, Jin XQ. Effects of Aspergillus fumigatus on glucocorticoid receptor and β2-adrenergic receptor expression in a rat model of asthma. Exp Lung Res 2017; 43:197-207. [PMID: 28696809 DOI: 10.1080/01902148.2017.1339142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Conventional inhaled corticosteroids or β2-adrenergic receptor agonists do not work well in some asthmatic populations while empirical antifungal therapy has obvious impact on those patients. The study was designed to investigate whether short-term exposure to Aspergillus fumigatus (A. fumigatus) could decrease glucocorticoid receptor (GCR) and β2-adrenergic receptor (ADRB2) expression in lung tissue of asthmatic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS A rat model of chronic asthma was first established by ovalbumin sensitization and challenge. Rats with chronic asthma were then exposed to short-term application of A. fumigatus spores. Airway hyper-responsiveness, eosinophil ratio in bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and total IgE in serum were counted in these experimental animals. GCR and ADRB2 expression in the lung were detected and analyzed. Furthermore, the levels of toll-like receptors (TLRs) 2, 3 and 4 in lung tissue were measured. RESULTS Short-term exposure to A. fumigatus could down-regulate the expression of GCR, aggravate airway hyper-responsiveness and increase the level of TLR2 in rats with asthma. There were no obvious changes in the levels of ADRB2 expression, recruited eosinophils, total IgE, TLR3 and TLR4 after application of A. fumigatus in asthmatic rats. CONCLUSIONS These findings indicate that A. fumigatus exposure may be involved in glucocorticoids unresponsiveness by down-regulating the expression of GCR in asthmatics. The possibility of A. fumigatus colonization or infection should not be ignored in patients of steroid-resistant asthma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xia Zhou
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Ya-Jie Dang
- b Department of Respiratory Medicine , Shanghai First People's Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai JiaoTong University , Shanghai , China
| | - Gui-Fang Wang
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University , Shanghai , China
| | - Xian-Qiao Jin
- a Department of Respiratory Medicine , Huashan Hospital Affiliated to Fudan University , Shanghai , China
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