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Zhu X, Meng X, Du X, Zhao C, Ma X, Wen Y, Zhang S, Hou B, Cai W, Du B, Han Z, Xu F, Qiu L, Sun H. Vaccarin suppresses diabetic nephropathy through inhibiting the EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling pathway. Acta Biochim Biophys Sin (Shanghai) 2024. [PMID: 39205643 DOI: 10.3724/abbs.2024141] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/04/2024] Open
Abstract
Diabetic nephropathy (DN) is recognized as one of the primary causes of chronic kidney disease and end-stage renal disease. Vaccarin (VAC) confers favorable effects on cardiovascular and metabolic diseases, including type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM). Nonetheless, the potential role and mechanism of VAC in the etiology of DN have yet to be completely elucidated. In this study, a classical mouse model of T2DM is experimentally induced via a high-fat diet (HFD)/streptozocin (STZ) regimen. Renal histological changes are assessed via H&E staining. Masson staining and immunohistochemistry (IHC) are employed to assess renal fibrosis. RT-PCR is utilized to quantify the mRNA levels of renal fibrosis, oxidative stress and inflammation markers. The levels of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS), as well as the content of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), are measured. The protein expressions of collagen I, TGF-β1, α-SMA, E-cadherin, Nrf2, catalase, SOD3, SOD2, SOD1, p-ERK, p-EGFR (Y845), p-EGFR (Y1173), p-NFκB P65, t-ERK, t-EGFR and t-NFκB P65 are detected by western blot analysis. Our results reveal that VAC has a beneficial effect on DN mice by improving renal function and mitigating histological damage. This is achieved through its inhibition of renal fibrosis, inflammatory cytokine overproduction, and ROS generation. Moreover, VAC treatment effectively suppresses the process of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), a crucial characteristic of renal fibrosis, in high glucose (HG)-induced HK-2 cells. Network pharmacology analysis and molecular docking identify epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) as a potential target for VAC. Amino acid site mutations reveal that Lys-879, Ile-918, and Ala-920 of EGFR may mediate the direct binding of VAC to EGFR. In support of these findings, VAC reduces the phosphorylation levels of both EGFR and its downstream mediator, extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1/2 (ERK1/2), in diabetic kidneys and HG-treated HK-2 cells. Notably, blocking either EGFR or ERK1/2 yields renal benefits similar to those observed with VAC treatment. Therefore, this study reveals that VAC attenuates renal damage via inactivation of the EGFR/ERK1/2 signaling axis in T2DM patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuexue Zhu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinyu Meng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinyao Du
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Chenyang Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Xinyu Ma
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Shijie Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bao Hou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Zhijun Han
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214001, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Liying Qiu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
| | - Haijian Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhu XX, Zhao CY, Meng XY, Yu XY, Ma LC, Chen TX, Chang C, Chen XY, Zhang Y, Hou B, Cai WW, Du B, Han ZJ, Qiu LY, Sun HJ. Bacteroides uniformis Ameliorates Carbohydrate and Lipid Metabolism Disorders in Diabetic Mice by Regulating Bile Acid Metabolism via the Gut-Liver Axis. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2024; 17:1015. [PMID: 39204119 PMCID: PMC11357665 DOI: 10.3390/ph17081015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 07/03/2024] [Accepted: 07/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/03/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a metabolic syndrome characterized by chronic inflammation, insulin resistance, and islet cell damage. The prevention of T2DM and its associated complications is an urgent public health issue that affects hundreds of millions of people globally. Numerous studies suggest that disturbances in gut metabolites are important driving forces for the pathogenesis of diabetes. However, the functions and mechanisms of action of most commensal bacteria in T2DM remain largely unknown. METHODS The quantification of bile acids (BAs) in fecal samples was performed using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometer (UPLC-MS/MS). The anti-diabetic effects of Bacteroides uniformis (B. uniformis) and its metabolites cholic acid (CA) and chenodeoxycholic acid (CDCA) were assessed in T2DM mice induced by streptozocin (STZ) plus high-fat diet (HFD). RESULTS We found that the abundance of B. uniformis in the feces and the contents of CA and CDCA were significantly downregulated in T2DM mice. B. uniformis was diminished in diabetic individuals and this bacterium was sufficient to promote the production of BAs. Colonization of B. uniformis and intragastric gavage of CA and CDCA effectively improved the disorder of glucose and lipid metabolism in T2DM mice by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and lipolysis in the liver. CA and CDCA improved hepatic glucose and lipid metabolism by acting on the Takeda G protein-coupled receptor 5 (TGR5)/adenosine monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK) signaling pathway since knockdown of TGR5 minimized the benefit of CA and CDCA. Furthermore, we screened a natural product-vaccarin (VAC)-that exhibited anti-diabetic effects by promoting the growth of B. uniformis in vitro and in vivo. Gut microbiota pre-depletion abolished the favorable effects of VAC in diabetic mice. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest that supplementation of B. uniformis may be a promising avenue to ameliorate T2DM by linking the gut and liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Xue Zhu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
- Department of Physiology, Eberhard-Karls-University of Tübingen, 72074 Tübingen, Germany
| | - Chen-Yang Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Xin-Yu Meng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Xiao-Yi Yu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Lin-Chun Ma
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Tian-Xiao Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Chang Chang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Xin-Yu Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Yuan Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Bao Hou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Wei-Wei Cai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Zhi-Jun Han
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214001, China;
| | - Li-Ying Qiu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; (X.-X.Z.); (C.-Y.Z.); (X.-Y.M.); (X.-Y.Y.); (L.-C.M.); (T.-X.C.); (C.C.); (X.-Y.C.); (Y.Z.); (B.H.); (W.-W.C.); (B.D.)
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, China
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Zhu XX, Meng XY, Zhang AY, Zhao CY, Chang C, Chen TX, Huang YB, Xu JP, Fu X, Cai WW, Hou B, Du B, Zheng GL, Zhang JR, Lu QB, Bai N, Han ZJ, Bao N, Qiu LY, Sun HJ. Vaccarin alleviates septic cardiomyopathy by potentiating NLRP3 palmitoylation and inactivation. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 131:155771. [PMID: 38851101 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155771] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/25/2023] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sepsis often leads to significant morbidity and mortality due to severe myocardial injury. As is known, the activation of NOD-like receptor family pyrin domain-containing 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome crucially contributes to septic cardiomyopathy (SCM) by facilitating the secretion of interleukin (IL)-1β and IL-18. The removal of palmitoyl groups from NLRP3 is a crucial step in the activation of the NLRP3 inflammasome. Thus, the potential inhibitors that regulate the palmitoylation and inactivation of NLRP3 may significantly diminish sepsis-induced cardiac dysfunction. PURPOSE The present study sought to explore the effects of the prospective flavonoid compounds targeting NLRP3 on SCM and to elucidate the associated underlying mechanisms. STUDY DESIGN The palmitoylation and activation of NLRP3 were detected in H9c2 cells and C57BL/6 J mice. METHODS/RESULTS Echocardiography, histological staining, western blotting, co-immunoprecipitation, qPCR, ELISA and network pharmacology were used to assess the impact of vaccarin (VAC) on SCM in mice subjected to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) injection. From the collection of 74 compounds, we identified that VAC had the strongest capability to suppress NLRP3 luciferase report gene activity in cardiomyocytes, and the anti-inflammatory characteristics of VAC were further ascertained by the network pharmacology. Exposure of LPS triggered apoptosis, inflammation, oxidative stress, mitochondrial disorder in cardiomyocytes. The detrimental alterations were significantly reversed upon VAC treatment in both septic mice and H9c2 cells exposed to LPS. In vivo experiments demonstrated that VAC treatment alleviated septic myocardial injury, indicated by enhanced cardiac function parameters, preserved cardiac structure, and reduced inflammation/oxidative response. Mechanistically, VAC induced NLRP3 palmitoylation to inactivate NLRP3 inflammasome by acting on zDHHC12. In support, the NLRP3 agonist ATP and the acylation inhibitor 2-bromopalmitate (2-BP) prevented the effects of VAC. CONCLUSION Our findings suggest that VAC holds promise in protecting against SCM by mitigating cardiac oxidative stress and inflammation via priming NLRP3 palmitoylation and inactivation. These results lay the solid basis for further assessment of the therapeutic potential of VAC against SCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xue-Xue Zhu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xin-Yu Meng
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Ao-Yuan Zhang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Chen-Yang Zhao
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Chang Chang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Tian-Xiao Chen
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Yan-Bo Huang
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Jin-Peng Xu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Xiao Fu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Cai
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Bao Hou
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Bin Du
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Guan-Li Zheng
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Ji-Ru Zhang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Qing-Bo Lu
- Department of Endocrinology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Ning Bai
- Department of Endocrinology and Metabolism, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China
| | - Zhi-Jun Han
- Department of Clinical Research Center, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi 214001, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
| | - Neng Bao
- Department of Nephrology, Affiliated Hospital of Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214125, PR China.
| | - Li-Ying Qiu
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China.
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, PR China; State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, China Pharmaceutical University, No. 24 Tongjia Lane, Nanjing 210009, PR China.
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Zhao H, Zhai BW, Zhang MY, Huang H, Zhu HL, Yang H, Ni HY, Fu YJ. Phlorizin from Lithocarpus litseifolius [Hance] Chun ameliorates FFA-induced insulin resistance by regulating AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 130:155743. [PMID: 38824822 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2024.155743] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/07/2024] [Revised: 05/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/04/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Insulin resistance (IR) is the central pathophysiological feature in the pathogenesis of metabolic syndrome, obesity, type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM), hypertension, and dyslipidemia. As the main active ingredient in Lithocarpus litseifolius [Hance] Chun, previous studies have shown that phlorizin (PHZ) can reduce insulin resistance in the liver. However, the effect of phlorizin on attenuating hepatic insulin resistance has not been fully investigated, and whether this effect is related to AMPK remains unclear. PURPOSE The present study aimed to further investigate the effect of phlorizin on attenuating insulin resistance and the potential action mechanism. METHODS Free fatty acids (FFA) were used to induce insulin resistance in HepG2 cells. The effects of phlorizin and FFA on cell viability were detected by MTT analysis. Glucose consumption, glycogen synthesis, intracellular malondialdehyde (MDA), superoxide dismutase (SOD), total cholesterol (TC), and triglyceride (TG) contents were quantified after phlorizin treatment. Glucose uptake and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels in HepG2 cells were assayed by flow cytometry. Potential targets and signaling pathways for attenuating insulin resistance by phlorizin were predicted by network pharmacological analysis. Moreover, the expression levels of proteins related to the AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway were detected by western blot. RESULTS Insulin resistance was successfully induced in HepG2 cells by co-treatment of 1 mM sodium oleate (OA) and 0.5 mM sodium palmitate (PA) for 24 h. Treatment with phlorizin promoted glucose consumption, glucose uptake, and glycogen synthesis and inhibited gluconeogenesis in IR-HepG2 cells. In addition, phlorizin inhibited oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in IR-HepG2 cells. Network pharmacological analysis showed that AKT1 was the active target of phlorizin, and the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway may be the potential action mechanism of phlorizin. Furthermore, western blot results showed that phlorizin ameliorated FFA-induced insulin resistance by activating the AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. CONCLUSION Phlorizin inhibited oxidative stress and lipid accumulation in IR-HepG2 cells and ameliorated hepatic insulin resistance by activating the AMPK/PI3K/AKT signaling pathway. Our study proved that phlorizin played a role in alleviating hepatic insulin resistance by activating AMPK, which provided experimental evidence for the use of phlorizin as a potential drug to improve insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heng Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Bo-Wen Zhai
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Mao-Yu Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Han Huang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Han-Lin Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Han Yang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Hai-Yan Ni
- Key Laboratory of Forest Plant Ecology, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; Engineering Research Center of Forest Bio-Preparation, Ministry of Education, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China; College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Resource Utilization, Northeast Forestry University, Harbin 150040, PR China
| | - Yu-Jie Fu
- The College of Forestry, Beijing Forestry University, Beijing 100083, PR China.
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Shi X, Cao Y, Wang H, Zhao Q, Yan C, Li S, Jing L. Vaccarin Ameliorates Doxorubicin-Induced Cardiotoxicity via Inhibition of p38 MAPK Mediated Mitochondrial Dysfunction. J Cardiovasc Transl Res 2024:10.1007/s12265-024-10525-7. [PMID: 38886316 DOI: 10.1007/s12265-024-10525-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/20/2024]
Abstract
Doxorubicin is a frequently used chemotherapeutic agent for treating various malignancies. However, it leads to severe cardiotoxic side effects, such as heart failure, and elevates the risk of sudden cardiac death among cancer patients. While oxidative stress has been identified as the primary cause of doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity, therapeutic antioxidant approaches have yielded unsatisfactory outcomes. The aim of this study is to explore the therapeutic potential of vaccarin, an active flavonoid glycoside extracted from traditional Chinese herbal agent Semen Vaccariae, in doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. We observed that vaccarin significantly ameliorates doxorubicin-induced heart dysfunction in mouse model and suppresses oxidative stress mediated cell apoptosis via specifically inhibiting the activation of p38 MAPK pathway. In vitro, we observed that vaccarin alleviates doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial membrane depolarization and ROS generation in H9c2 cell, but the p38 MAPK agonist anisomycin reverses these effects. Our findings provide a promising natural antioxidant to protect against DOX-induced cardiotoxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Shi
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Yang Cao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Hongyu Wang
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Qi Zhao
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Cong Yan
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Shengzhu Li
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China
| | - Ling Jing
- Department of Cardiology, First Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University, 23 Youzheng Street, Nangang Qu, Harbin, 150001, Heilongjiang, China.
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Lin Z, Zhou X, Yuan C, Fang Y, Zhou H, Wang Z, Dang J, Li G. Impact of Preparative Isolation of C-Glycosylflavones Derived from Dianthus superbus on In Vitro Glucose Metabolism. Molecules 2024; 29:339. [PMID: 38257252 PMCID: PMC10820209 DOI: 10.3390/molecules29020339] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2023] [Revised: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Dianthus superbus L. has been extensively studied for its potential medicinal properties in traditional Chinese medicine and is often consumed as a tea by traditional folk. It has the potential to be exploited in the treatment of inflammation, immunological disorders, and diabetic nephropathy. Based on previous studies, this study continued the separation of another subfraction of Dianthus superbus and established reversed-phase/reversed-phase and reversed-phase/hydrophilic (RPLC) two-dimensional (2D) high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC) modes, quickly separating two C-glycosylflavones, among which 2″-O-rhamnosyllutonarin was a new compound and isomer with 6‴-O-rhamnosyllutonarin. This is the first study to investigate the effects of 2″-O-rhamnosyllutonarin and 6‴-O-rhamnosyllutonarin on cellular glucose metabolism in vitro. First, molecular docking was used to examine the effects of 2″-O-rhamnosyllutonarin and 6″-O-rhamnosyllutonarin on AKT and AMPK; these two compounds exhibited relatively high activity. Following this, based on the HepG2 cell model of insulin resistance, it was proved that both of the 2″-O-rhamnosyllutonarin and 6‴-O-rhamnosyllutonarin demonstrated substantial efficacy in ameliorating insulin resistance and were found to be non-toxic. Simultaneously, it is expected that the methods developed in this study will provide a basis for future studies concerning the separation and pharmacological effects of C-glycosyl flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zikai Lin
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China; (Z.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Xiaowei Zhou
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China; (Z.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Chen Yuan
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China; (Z.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China; (Z.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China
| | - Haozheng Zhou
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China; (Z.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Zhenhua Wang
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China; (Z.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
| | - Jun Dang
- Qinghai Provincial Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Key Laboratory of Tibetan Medicine Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Northwest Institute of Plateau Biology, Xining 810001, China
| | - Gang Li
- Center for Mitochondria and Healthy Aging, College of Life Sciences, Yantai University, Yantai 264003, China; (Z.L.); (X.Z.); (C.Y.); (Y.F.); (H.Z.); (Z.W.)
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Cui Y, Chen J, Zhang Z, Shi H, Sun W, Yi Q. The role of AMPK in macrophage metabolism, function and polarisation. J Transl Med 2023; 21:892. [PMID: 38066566 PMCID: PMC10709986 DOI: 10.1186/s12967-023-04772-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2023] [Accepted: 11/28/2023] [Indexed: 12/18/2023] Open
Abstract
AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is a ubiquitous sensor of energy and nutritional status in eukaryotic cells. It plays a key role in regulating cellular energy homeostasis and multiple aspects of cell metabolism. During macrophage polarisation, AMPK not only guides the metabolic programming of macrophages, but also counter-regulates the inflammatory function of macrophages and promotes their polarisation toward the anti-inflammatory phenotype. AMPK is located at the intersection of macrophage metabolism and inflammation. The metabolic characteristics of macrophages are closely related to immune-related diseases, infectious diseases, cancer progression and immunotherapy. This review discusses the structure of AMPK and its role in the metabolism, function and polarisation of macrophages. In addition, it summarises the important role of the AMPK pathway and AMPK activators in the development of macrophage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yinxing Cui
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
- Department of General Surgery, Dongguan Huangjiang Hospital, Dongguan, 523061, Guangdong, China
| | - Junhua Chen
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Zhao Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, Dongguan Huangjiang Hospital, Dongguan, 523061, Guangdong, China
| | - Houyin Shi
- Department of Orthopedics, The Affiliated Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China
| | - Weichao Sun
- Department of Bone Joint and Bone Oncology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.
- The Central Laboratory, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, Shenzhen, 518035, Guangdong, China.
| | - Qian Yi
- Department of Physiology, School of Basic Medical Science, Southwest Medical University, Luzhou, 646000, China.
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He C, Wang K, Xia J, Qian D, Guo J, Zhong L, Tang D, Chen X, Peng W, Chen Y, Tang Y. Natural exosomes-like nanoparticles in mung bean sprouts possesses anti-diabetic effects via activation of PI3K/Akt/GLUT4/GSK-3β signaling pathway. J Nanobiotechnology 2023; 21:349. [PMID: 37759297 PMCID: PMC10536756 DOI: 10.1186/s12951-023-02120-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Accepted: 09/20/2023] [Indexed: 09/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is a chronic metabolic disease characterized by hyperglycemia and insulin resistance. Mung bean sprouts are traditionally considered a "folk" hypoglycemic food and their pharmacological effects and underlying mechanisms warrant further investigation. PURPOSE This study aimed to investigate the anti-diabetic effects of the exosomes-like nanoparticles in mung bean sprouts (MELNs) and explore the related molecular mechanisms. RESULTS MELNs were isolated using a differential centrifugation-polyethylene glycol (PEG) method, and the identification of MELNs were confirmed by PAGE gel electrophoresis, agarose gel electrophoresis, thin-layer chromatography (TLC), and transmission electron microscopy (TEM). In the high-fat diet/streptozotocin (HFD/STZ) mouse model, MELNs ameliorated the progression of T2DM by increasing oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) and insulin tolerance test (ITT) results, decreasing the fasting blood glucose level, and reducing the serum triglycerides (TG) and total cholesterol (TC). Histopathological examinations indicated MELNs diminished inflammatory infiltration of hepatocytes and amplified the area of islet B cells. In addition, MELNs decreased the oxidative stress levels in liver tissue and had good biocompatibility. In vitro experiments verified that MELNs improved the viability of glucosamine (GlcN) induced insulin-resistant hepatocytes. Furthermore, this study also revealed that MELNs upregulated GLUT4 & Nrf2 and down-regulated GSK-3β via activating the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, promoting the production of antioxidant enzymes, such as HO-1 and SOD, to reduce oxidative stress. CONCLUSION MELNs mitigated the progression of type 2 diabetes in HFD/STZ mouse model. The underlying molecular mechanism is related to PI3K/Akt/GLUT4/GSK-3β signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chengxun He
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Ke Wang
- Hospital of Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 610072, China
| | - Jun Xia
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Die Qian
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Juan Guo
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Lian Zhong
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Dandan Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China
| | - Xiuping Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, University of Macau, Macao, China
| | - Wei Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yunhui Chen
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
| | - Yong Tang
- State Key Laboratory of Southwestern Chinese Medicine Resources, School of Pharmacy, School of Basic Medical Sciences, School of Health and Rehabilitation, CDUTCM-KEELE Joint Health and Medical Sciences Institute, Chengdu University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chengdu, 611137, China.
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Lee YH, Kim HR, Yeo MH, Kim SC, Hyun HB, Ham YM, Jung YH, Kim HS, Chang KS. Anti-Diabetic Potential of Sargassum horneri and Ulva australis Extracts In Vitro and In Vivo. Curr Issues Mol Biol 2023; 45:7492-7512. [PMID: 37754257 PMCID: PMC10530218 DOI: 10.3390/cimb45090473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2023] [Revised: 09/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/13/2023] [Indexed: 09/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sargassum horneri (SH) and Ulva australis (UA) are marine waste resources that cause environmental and economic problems when entering or multiplying the coastal waters of Jeju Island. We analyzed their anti-diabetic efficacy to assess their reusability as functional additives. The alpha-glucosidase inhibitory activity of SH and UA extracts was confirmed, and the effect of UA extract was higher than that of SH. After the induction of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells, the effects of the two marine extracts on oxidative stress, intracellular glucose uptake, and glycogen content were compared to the positive control, metformin. Treatment of insulin-resistant HepG2 cells with SH and UA resulted in a concentration-dependent decrease in oxidative stress and increased intracellular glucose uptake and glycogen content. Moreover, SH and UA treatment upregulated the expression of IRS-1, AKT, and GLUT4, which are suppressed in insulin resistance, to a similar degree to metformin, and suppressed the expression of FoxO1, PEPCK involved in gluconeogenesis, and GSK-3β involved in glycogen metabolism. The oral administration of these extracts to rats with streptozotocin-induced diabetes led to a higher weight gain than that in the diabetic group. Insulin resistance and oral glucose tolerance are alleviated by the regulation of blood glucose. Thus, the SH and UA extracts may be used in the development of therapeutic agents or supplements to improve insulin resistance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Hyeon Lee
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-H.Y.)
| | - Hye-Ran Kim
- Department of Biomedical Laboratory Science, Dong-Eui Institute of Technology, Busan 47230, Republic of Korea;
| | - Min-Ho Yeo
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-H.Y.)
| | - Sung-Chun Kim
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Ho-Bong Hyun
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Young-Min Ham
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Yong-Hwan Jung
- Biodiversity Research Institute, Jeju Technopark, Jeju 63608, Republic of Korea; (S.-C.K.); (H.-B.H.); (Y.-M.H.); (Y.-H.J.)
| | - Hye-Sook Kim
- Division of International Infectious Diseases Control, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University, Tsushima-Naka, Kita-Ku, Okayama 700-8530, Japan;
| | - Kyung-Soo Chang
- Department of Clinical Laboratory Science, Catholic University of Pusan, Busan 46252, Republic of Korea; (Y.-H.L.); (M.-H.Y.)
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Zhao M, Lu M, Zeng Y, He S, Feng Y, Yang S, Jang W. Taraxasterol Inhibits Hepatic Gluconeogenesis and Increases Glycogen Synthesis via the PI3K/Akt Signaling Pathway. Nat Prod Commun 2023. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x231154068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective: Taraxasterol (TS) is the main active compound of Taraxacum, which plays a significant role in the treatment of diabetes in many classic prescriptions. However, the mechanisms of TS in the treatment of diabetes remain unclear. This study aimed to investigate the underlying mechanism of TS in hepatic gluconeogenesis and glycogen synthesis in HepG2 cells with insulin resistance (IR). Methods: Molecular docking was conducted by using Discovery Studio (DS) to predict the target of TS in the treatment of diabetes. Then we treated HepG2 cells with glucosamine for 18 h. After the cells were treated with TS, the glucose consumption was examined. Oil red O staining was used to detect the lipid accumulation of HepG2 cells, and cellular glucose uptake levels were assessed using fluorescent 2-(N-(7-nitrobenz-2-oxa-1,3-diazol-4-yl) amino)-2-deoxy-D-glucose. The expression of the related proteins of the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway in the HepG2 cells was evaluated by western blot assay. Results: The molecular docking analysis revealed a good binding pose between the insulin receptor and TS. Furthermore, TS administration significantly enhanced glucose uptake and consumption, and reduced lipid accumulation in HepG2 cells with IR. The results of pharmacological mechanism study showed that TS up-regulated glycogenesis by PI3K/Akt/GSK3-motivated GS activation, and down-regulated gluconeogenesis by PI3K/Akt/FoxO1 expression of PEPCK and G6Pase in HepG2 cells with IR. Conclusions: Molecular docking and in vitro experimental results indicate that TS suppresses hepatic gluconeogenesis and augments glycogen synthesis by the PI3K/Akt signaling pathway, and it may have similar effects as insulin in regulating blood glucose.
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Ahmed YM, Orfali R, Abdelwahab NS, Hassan HM, Rateb ME, AboulMagd AM. Partial Synthetic PPARƳ Derivative Ameliorates Aorta Injury in Experimental Diabetic Rats Mediated by Activation of miR-126-5p Pi3k/AKT/PDK 1/mTOR Expression. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:1175. [PMID: 36297290 PMCID: PMC9607084 DOI: 10.3390/ph15101175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2022] [Revised: 09/17/2022] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2D) is a world wild health care issue marked by insulin resistance, a risk factor for the metabolic disorder that exaggerates endothelial dysfunction, increasing the risk of cardiovascular complications. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor PPAR) agonists have therapeutically mitigated hyperlipidemia and hyperglycemia in T2D patients. Therefore, we aimed to experimentally investigate the efficacy of newly designed synthetic PPARα/Ƴ partial agonists on a High-Fat Diet (HFD)/streptozotocin (STZ)-induced T2D. Female Wistar rats (200 ± 25 g body weight) were divided into four groups. The experimental groups were fed the HFD for three consecutive weeks before STZ injection (45 mg/kg/i.p) to induce T2D. Standard reference PPARƳ agonist pioglitazone and the partial synthetic PPARƳ (PIO; 20 mg/kg/BW, orally) were administered orally for 2 weeks after 72 h of STZ injection. The aorta tissue was isolated for biological ELISA, qRT-PCR, and Western blotting investigations for vascular inflammatory endothelial mediators endothelin-1 (ET-1), intracellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM-1), E-selectin, and anti-inflammatory vasoactive intestinal polypeptide (VIP), as well as microRNA126-5p and p-AKT/p-Pi3k/p-PDK-1/p-mTOR, endothelial Nitric Oxide Synthase (eNOS) immunohistochemical staining all are coupled with and histopathological examination. Our results revealed that HFD/STZ-induced T2D increased fasting blood glucose, ET-1, ICAM-1, E-selectin, and VIP levels, while decreasing the expression of both microRNA126-5p and p-AKT/p-Pi3k/p-PDK-1/p-mTOR phosphorylation. In contrast, the partial synthetic PPARƳ derivative evidenced a vascular alteration significantly more than reference PIO via decreasing (ET-1), ICAM-1, E-selectin, and VIP, along with increased expression of microRNA126-5p and p-AKT/p-Pi3k/p-PDK-1/p-mTOR. In conclusion, the partial synthetic PPARƳ derivative significantly affected HFD/STZ-induced T2D with vascular complications in the rat aorta.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin M. Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Raha Orfali
- Department of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2457, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nada S. Abdelwahab
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
- Department of Pharmaceutical Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Hossam M. Hassan
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Faculty of Pharmacy, Beni-Suef University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
| | - Mostafa E. Rateb
- School of Computing, Engineering & Physical Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, Paisley PA1 2BE, UK
| | - Asmaa M. AboulMagd
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef 62521, Egypt
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Xie Y, Cao Y, Guo CJ, Guo XY, He YF, Xu QY, Shen F, Pan Q. Profile analysis and functional modeling identify circular RNAs in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease as regulators of hepatic lipid metabolism. Front Genet 2022; 13:884037. [PMID: 36186461 PMCID: PMC9520628 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2022.884037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is the leading cause of chronic liver disease, associated with an outcome of hepatic fibrosis/cirrhosis and hepatocellular carcinoma. However, limited exploration of the underlying mechanisms hinders its prevention and treatment. To investigate the mechanisms of epigenetic regulation in NAFLD, the expression profile of circular RNA (circRNA) of rodents in which NAFLD was induced by a high-fat, high-cholesterol (HFHC) diet was studied. Modeling of the circRNA-microRNA (miRNA) -mRNA regulatory network revealed the functional characteristics of NAFLD-specific circRNAs. The targets and effects in the liver of such NAFLD-specific circRNAs were further assessed. Our results uncovered that the downregulation of 28 annotated circRNAs characterizes HFHC diet-induced NAFLD. Among the downregulated circRNAs, long intergenic non-protein coding RNA, P53 induced transcript (LNCPINT) -derived circRNAs (circ_0001452, circ_0001453, and circ_0001454) targeted both miR-466i-3p and miR-669c-3p. Their deficiency in NAFLD abrogated the circRNA-based inhibitory effect on both miRNAs, which further inactivated the AMPK signaling pathway via AMPK-α1 suppression. Inhibition of the AMPK signaling pathway promotes hepatic steatosis, depending on the transcriptional and translational upregulation of lipogenic genes, such as those encoding sterol regulatory element-binding protein 1 (SREBP1) and fatty acid synthase (FASN) in hepatocytes. The levels of LNCPINT-derived circRNAs displayed a negative association with hepatic triglyceride (TG) concentration. These findings suggest that loss of LNCPINT-derived circRNAs may underlie NAFLD via miR-466i-3p- and miR-669c-3p-dependent inactivation of the AMPK signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Cao
- Department of Pediatric Digestion and Nutrition, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Can-Jie Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xing-Ya Guo
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ya-Fang He
- Department of Pediatric Respiratory, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qing-Yang Xu
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
| | - Feng Shen
- Endoscopy Center, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Shen, ; Qin Pan,
| | - Qin Pan
- Department of Gastroenterology, School of Medicine, Xinhua Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, China
- Research Center, Shanghai University of Medicine and Health Sciences Affiliated Zhoupu Hospital, Shanghai, China
- *Correspondence: Feng Shen, ; Qin Pan,
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Zhu W, Jia X. Vaccarin improves insulin sensitivity and glucose uptake in diet-induced obese mice via activation of GPR120-PI3K/AKT/GLUT4 pathway. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2022; 634:189-195. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2022.09.099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2022] [Revised: 09/19/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Li T, Yu X, Zhu X, Wen Y, Zhu M, Cai W, Hou B, Xu F, Qiu L. Vaccarin alleviates endothelial inflammatory injury in diabetes by mediating miR-570-3p/HDAC1 pathway. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:956247. [PMID: 36120375 PMCID: PMC9475173 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.956247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Vaccarin is a flavonoid glycoside, which has a variety of pharmacological properties and plays a protective role in diabetes and its complications, but its mechanism is unclear. In this study, we aim to investigate whether histone deacetylase 1(HDAC1), a gene that plays a pivotal role in regulating eukaryotic gene expression, is the target of miR-570-3p in diabetic vascular endothelium, and the potential molecular mechanism of vaccarin regulating endothelial inflammatory injury through miR-570-3p/HDAC1 pathway. The HFD and streptozotocin (STZ) induced diabetes mice model, a classical type 2 diabetic model, was established. The aorta of diabetic mice displayed a decrease of miR-570-3p, the elevation of HDAC1, and inflammatory injury, which were alleviated by vaccarin. Next, we employed the role of vaccarin in regulating endothelial cells miR-570-3p and HDAC1 under hyperglycemia conditions in vitro. We discovered that overexpression of HDAC1 counteracted the inhibitory effect of vaccarin on inflammatory injury in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Manipulation of miRNA levels in HUVECs was achieved by transfecting cells with miR-570-3p mimic and inhibitor. Overexpression of miR-570-3p could decrease the expression of downstream components of HDAC1 including TNF-α, IL-1β, and malondialdehyde, while increasing GSH-Px activity in HUVECs under hyperglycemic conditions. Nevertheless, such phenomenon was completely reversed by miR-570-3p inhibitor, and administration of miR-570-3p inhibitor could block the inhibition of vaccarin on HDAC1 and inflammatory injury. Luciferase reporter assay confirmed the 3′- UTR of the HDAC1 gene was a direct target of miR-570-3p. In summary, our findings suggest that vaccarin alleviates endothelial inflammatory injury in diabetes by mediating miR-570-3p/HDAC1 pathway. Our study provides a new pathogenic link between deregulation of miRNA expression in the vascular endothelium of diabetes and inflammatory injury and provides new ideas, insights, and choices for the scope of application and medicinal value of vaccarin and some potential biomarkers or targets in diabetic endothelial dysfunction and vascular complications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taiyue Li
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xiaoyi Yu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Xuerui Zhu
- School of Life Science and Health Engineering, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yuanyuan Wen
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Meizhen Zhu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Weiwei Cai
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bao Hou
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
| | - Fei Xu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Xu, ; Liying Qiu,
| | - Liying Qiu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu, China
- *Correspondence: Fei Xu, ; Liying Qiu,
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Bharadwaj S, Devi GS, Sarma P, Deka B, Barge SR, Kashyap B, Sheikh Y, Manna P, Borah JC, Talukdar NC. Prophylactic role of Premna herbacea, a dietary leafy vegetable in managing hepatic steatosis via regulating AMPK/SREBP1/ACC/HMGCR signaling pathway. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101720] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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Pioglitazone Synthetic Analogue Ameliorates Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes Mellitus through Modulation of ACE 2/Angiotensin 1–7 via PI3K/AKT/mTOR Signaling Pathway. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2022; 15:ph15030341. [PMID: 35337139 PMCID: PMC8955304 DOI: 10.3390/ph15030341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2022] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/08/2022] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
The renin angiotensin aldosterone system has a localized key regulatory action, especially in liver and body circulation. Furthermore, it accomplishes a significant role in the downregulation of the PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway that is involved in type II diabetes mellitus pathogenesis. The current study aimed to evaluate the effect of a synthetic pioglitazone analogue (benzenesulfonamide derivative) compared to the standard pioglitazone hypoglycemic drug on enhancing liver insulin sensitivity via ACE 2/Ang (1–7)/PI3K/AKT/mTOR in experimental STZ-induced diabetes. After the model was established, rats were distributed into the normal control group, diabetic group, pioglitazone group (20 mg/kg), and a benzenesulfonamide derivative group (20 mg/kg), with the last 2 groups receiving oral treatment for 14 consecutive days. Our results suggested enhancing liver insulin sensitivity against the ACE2/Ang (1–7)/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway. Moreover, the synthetic compound produced a reduction in blood glucose levels, restored hyperinsulinemia back to normal, and enhanced liver glycogen deposition. In addition, it up regulated the ACE2/Ang (1–7)/PI3K/AKT/mTOR signaling pathway via increasing insulin receptor substrate 1 and 2 sensitivity to insulin, while it increased glucose transporter 2 expression in the rat pancreas. The study findings imply that the hypoglycemic effect of the benzenesulfonamide derivative is due to enhancing liver sensitivity to regulate blood glucose level via the ACE2/Ang (1–7)/PI3K/AKT/mTOR pathway.
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Zhu TT, Zhu CN, Huang N, Yu X, Wan GR, Wang SX, Song P, Xu J, Li P, Yin YL. Tert-Butylhydroquinone alleviates insulin resistance and liver steatosis in diabetes. Indian J Pharmacol 2022; 54:118-125. [PMID: 35546463 PMCID: PMC9249147 DOI: 10.4103/ijp.ijp_440_21] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES: This work aimed to determine tert-Butylhydroquinone (TBHQ)'s effects on insulin resistance (IR) and liver steatosis in diabetic animals and to explore the underpinning mechanisms. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Male ApoE-/-mice underwent streptozocin (STZ) administration while receiving a sucrose/fat-rich diet for type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) establishment. This was followed by a 6-week TBHQ administration. Body weight, fasting (FBG) and postprandial (PBG) blood glucose amounts, and insulin concentrations were measured, and the oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) was carried out. Hematoxylin and eosin (H and E) staining and immunoblot were carried out for assessing histology and protein amounts in the liver tissue samples. In addition, cultured HepG2 cells were administered HClO and insulin for IR induction, and immunoblot was carried out for protein evaluation. Finally, the cells were stained with the Hoechst dye for apoptosis evaluation. RESULTS: The model animals showed T2DM signs, and TBHQ decreased FBG, ameliorated glucose tolerance and reduced liver steatosis in these animals. In addition, TBHQ markedly upregulated AMPKα2, GLUT4 and GSK3 β, as well as phosphorylated PI3K and AKT in the liver of mice with T2DM. In agreement, TBHQ decreased HClO-and insulin-related IR in cells and suppressed apoptosis through AMPKα2/PI3K/AKT signaling. CONCLUSIONS: TBHQ alleviates IR and liver steatosis in a mouse model of T2DM likely through AMPKα2/PI3K/AKT signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Tian Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Chao-Nan Zhu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development; Department of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University First Affiliated Hospital, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ning Huang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Xin Yu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Guang-Rui Wan
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Shuang-Xi Wang
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ping Song
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Jian Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Peng Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Xinxiang Medical University; Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
| | - Ya-Ling Yin
- Henan International Joint Laboratory of Cardiovascular Remodeling and Drug Intervention; Xinxiang Key, Laboratory of Vascular Remodeling Intervention and Molecular Targeted Therapy Drug Development, Xinxiang, China
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Entezari M, Hashemi D, Taheriazam A, Zabolian A, Mohammadi S, Fakhri F, Hashemi M, Hushmandi K, Ashrafizadeh M, Zarrabi A, Ertas YN, Mirzaei S, Samarghandian S. AMPK signaling in diabetes mellitus, insulin resistance and diabetic complications: A pre-clinical and clinical investigation. Biomed Pharmacother 2022; 146:112563. [PMID: 35062059 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112563] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2021] [Revised: 12/16/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes mellitus (DM) is considered as a main challenge in both developing and developed countries, as lifestyle has changed and its management seems to be vital. Type I and type II diabetes are the main kinds and they result in hyperglycemia in patients and related complications. The gene expression alteration can lead to development of DM and related complications. The AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) is an energy sensor with aberrant expression in various diseases including cancer, cardiovascular diseases and DM. The present review focuses on understanding AMPK role in DM. Inducing AMPK signaling promotes glucose in DM that is of importance for ameliorating hyperglycemia. Further investigation reveals the role of AMPK signaling in enhancing insulin sensitivity for treatment of diabetic patients. Furthermore, AMPK upregulation inhibits stress and cell death in β cells that is of importance for preventing type I diabetes development. The clinical studies on diabetic patients have shown the role of AMPK signaling in improving diabetic complications such as brain disorders. Furthermore, AMPK can improve neuropathy, nephropathy, liver diseases and reproductive alterations occurring during DM. For exerting such protective impacts, AMPK signaling interacts with other molecular pathways such as PGC-1α, PI3K/Akt, NOX4 and NF-κB among others. Therefore, providing therapeutics based on AMPK targeting can be beneficial for amelioration of DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maliheh Entezari
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Advanced Science and Technology, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Danial Hashemi
- Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Afshin Taheriazam
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Department of Orthopedics, Faculty of Medicine, Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Amirhossein Zabolian
- Department of Orthopedics, School of Medicine, 5th Azar Hospital, Golestan University of Medical Sciences, Golestan, Iran
| | - Shima Mohammadi
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Farima Fakhri
- Kerman University of Medical Sciences, Kerman 7616913555, Iran
| | - Mehrdad Hashemi
- Farhikhtegan Medical Convergence Sciences Research Center, Farhikhtegan Hospital Tehran Medical Sciences, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran; Cancer Research Center, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Kiavash Hushmandi
- Department of Food Hygiene and Quality Control, Division of Epidemiology & Zoonosis, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran
| | - Milad Ashrafizadeh
- Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Sabanci University, Orta Mahalle, Üniversite Caddesi No. 27, Orhanlı, Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey; Sabanci University Nanotechnology Research and Application Center (SUNUM), Tuzla 34956, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Ali Zarrabi
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering and Natural Sciences, Istinye University, Sariyer 34396, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Yavuz Nuri Ertas
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey; ERNAM-Nanotechnology Research and Application Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri 38039, Turkey
| | - Sepideh Mirzaei
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Islamic Azad University, Science and Research Branch, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur, Iran.
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19
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Guo M, Ren Q, Yang F, Han T, Du W, Zhao F, Li W, Li J, Feng Y, Zhang Y, Wang S, Wu W. Association between AMPKα1 gene polymorphisms and gestational diabetes in the Chinese population: A case-control study. Diabet Med 2021; 38:e14613. [PMID: 34053110 DOI: 10.1111/dme.14613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2020] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
AIM The aim is to examine the association between seven candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms in AMPKα1 and gestational diabetes in Chinese people. METHOD We used a matched nested case-control study design, individuals including 334 participants with gestational diabetes and 334 healthy pregnant women. Confirmed 334 gestational diabetes cases and maternal age and district of residence matched controls (1:1) were enrolled. We examined seven candidate single nucleotide polymorphisms in AMPKα1 gene and the risk of gestational diabetes. The associations were estimated in Co-dominant, Dominant, Recessive, and Alleles models. The odds ratios (ORs) and their 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) were estimated by unconditional logistical regression as a measure of the associations between genotypes and gestational diabetes adjusting for maternal age, prepregnancy body mass index (BMI), fetal sex and parity. RESULT At the gene level, we found that AMPKα1 was associated with gestational diabetes (p = 0.008). After adjusting the covariates and multiple comparison correction, AMPKα1 (rsc1002424, rs10053664, rs13361707) polymorphisms were associated with the risk of gestational diabetes. In addition, gestational diabetes was related to the AAGGA haplotype comprising rs1002424, rs2570091, rs10053664, rs13361707 and rs3805486 in the haplotype models (p = 0.011). CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence that the AMPKα1 genotypes (rs1002424 G/A, rs10053664 A/G, rs13361707 A/G) and the haplotype (AAGGA) are relevant genetic factors in a Chinese population with gestational diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengzhu Guo
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Qingwen Ren
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feifei Yang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Tianbi Han
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wenqiong Du
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Feng Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Wangjun Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Jinbo Li
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - YongLiang Feng
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Yawei Zhang
- National Cancer Center/National Clinical Research Center for Cancer/Cancer Hospital, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences and Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, China
| | - Suping Wang
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
| | - Weiwei Wu
- Department of Epidemiology, School of Public Health, Center of Clinical Epidemiology and Evidence Based Medicine, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, China
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20
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Sun JN, Yu XY, Hou B, Ai M, Qi MT, Ma XY, Cai MJ, Gao M, Cai WW, Ni LL, Xu F, Zhou YT, Qiu LY. Vaccarin enhances intestinal barrier function in type 2 diabetic mice. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 908:174375. [PMID: 34303666 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2021.174375] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2021] [Revised: 07/16/2021] [Accepted: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
AIMS Hyperglycemia and insulin resistance drive intestinal barrier dysfunction in type 2 diabetes (T2DM). Vaccarin, the main active component in the semen of traditional Chinese medicine Vaccaria has a definite effect on T2DM mice. The purpose of this study was to investigate whether vaccarin can enhance the intestinal barrier function in T2DM. MAIN METHODS The T2DM mice model was established by streptozocin and high-fat diet. Vaccarin at a dose of 1 mg/kg/day was administered. We evaluated the effects of vaccarin on gut microbiota and intestinal barrier function by 16S rRNA sequencing, Western blot, quantitative fluorescent PCR (qPCR), and morphological observation. Moreover, we constructed a single layer of the human intestinal epithelium model to determine the effect of vaccarin in vitro. RESULTS The experimental results showed that vaccarin alleviated inflammatory mediators in serum and intestinal tissue of mice (P < 0.05), which may depend on the improvement of tight junctions and gut microbiota (P < 0.05). Activation of extracellular regulated protein kinases (Erk1/2) stimulated myosin light chain kinase (MLCK). By inhibiting ERK expression (P < 0.05), vaccarin had similar effects to ERK inhibitors. In addition, the regulation of tight junction barriers also involved the abovementioned pathways in vivo. CONCLUSION Vaccarin could protect the intestinal barrier by inhibiting the ERK/MLCK signaling pathway and modulate the composition of the microbiota. These results suggested that vaccarin may be an effective candidate for improving intestinal barrier changes in T2DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiang-Nan Sun
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xiao-Yi Yu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Bao Hou
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Min Ai
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Meng-Ting Qi
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Xin-Yu Ma
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Ming-Jie Cai
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Min Gao
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Wei-Wei Cai
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Lu-Lu Ni
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Fei Xu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Yue-Tao Zhou
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China
| | - Li-Ying Qiu
- Wuxi Medical School, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, 214122, Jiangsu Province, PR China.
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21
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Li KX, Ji MJ, Sun HJ. An updated pharmacological insight of resveratrol in the treatment of diabetic nephropathy. Gene 2021; 780:145532. [PMID: 33631244 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145532] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/21/2020] [Revised: 02/03/2021] [Accepted: 02/09/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
As one of the most common complications of diabetes, nephropathy develops in approximately 40% of diabetic individuals. Although end stage kidney disease is known as one of the most consequences of diabetic nephropathy, the majority of diabetic individuals might die from cardiovascular diseases and infections before renal replacement treatment. Moreover, the routine medical treatments for diabetes hold undesirable side effects. The explosive prevalence of diabetes urges clinicians and scientists to investigate the complementary or alternative therapies. Phytochemicals are emerging as alternatives with a wide range of therapeutic effects on various pathologies, including diabetic kidney disease. Of those phytochemicals, resveratrol, a natural polyphenolic stilbene, has been found to exert a broad spectrum of health benefits via various signaling molecules. In particular, resveratrol has gained a great deal of attention because of its anti-oxidative, anti-inflammatory, anti-diabetic, anti-obesity, cardiovascular-protective, and anti-tumor properties. In the renal system, emerging evidence shows that resveratrol has already been used to ameliorate chronic or acute kidney injury. This review critically summarizes the current findings and molecular mechanisms of resveratrol in diabetic renal damage. In addition, we will discuss the adverse and inconsistent effects of resveratrol in diabetic nephropathy. Although there is increasing evidence that resveratrol affords great potential in diabetic nephropathy therapy, these results should be treated with caution before its clinical translation. In addition, the unfavorable pharmacokinetics and/or pharmacodynamics profiles, such as poor bioavailability, may limit its extensive clinical applications. It is clear that further research is needed to unravel these limitations and improve its efficacy against diabetic nephropathy. Increasing investigation of resveratrol in diabetic kidney disease will not only help us better understand its pharmacological actions, but also provide novel potential targets for therapeutic intervention.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ke-Xue Li
- Department of Physiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China
| | - Miao-Jin Ji
- Jiangsu Province Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology, School of Anesthesiology, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, China.
| | - Hai-Jian Sun
- Department of Basic Medicine, Wuxi School of Medicine, Jiangnan University, Wuxi 214122, China; Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University of Singapore, 117597, Singapore.
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22
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Li M, Ding L, Hu YL, Qin LL, Wu Y, Liu W, Wu LL, Liu TH. Herbal formula LLKL ameliorates hyperglycaemia, modulates the gut microbiota and regulates the gut-liver axis in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 25:367-382. [PMID: 33215869 PMCID: PMC7810939 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.16084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 10/21/2020] [Accepted: 10/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
LLKL, a new traditional Chinese medicine formula containing Edgeworthia gardneri (Wall.) Meisn., Sibiraea angustata and Crocus sativus L. (saffron), was designed to ameliorate type 2 diabetes mellitus. Despite the therapeutic benefits of LLKL, its underlying mechanisms remain elusive. This study evaluated the LLKL anti-diabetic efficacy and its effect on gut microbiota to elucidate its mechanism of action in Zucker diabetic fatty rats. We found that administration of different LLKL concentrations (4.68, 2.34 and 1.17 g/kg/d) improved several diabetic parameters after a 6-week treatment. Moreover, LLKL modulated gut microbiota dysbiosis, increased the expression of occluding and maintained intestinal epithelial homeostasis, leading to a reduction in LPS, TNF-α and IL-6 levels. Hepatic transcriptomic analysis showed that the Toll-like receptor signalling pathway was markedly enriched by LLKL treatment. RT-qPCR results validated that LLKL treatment decreased the expressions of TLR4, MyD88 and CTSK. Furthermore, a gene set enrichment analysis indicated that LLKL enhanced the insulin signalling pathway and inhibited glycerolipid metabolism and fatty acid metabolism, which were verified by the liver biochemical analysis. These findings demonstrate that LLKL ameliorates hyperglycaemia, modulates the gut microbiota and regulates the gut-liver axis, which might contribute to its anti-diabetic effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Li
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Lei Ding
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Yu-Li Hu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Ling-Ling Qin
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - You Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Wei Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Li-Li Wu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Tong-Hua Liu
- Key Laboratory of Health Cultivation of the Ministry of Education, Dongfang Hospital, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing, China.,Tibetan Medical College, Lhasa, China
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23
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Gynura divaricata exerts hypoglycemic effects by regulating the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism signaling pathway. Nutr Diabetes 2020; 10:31. [PMID: 32796820 PMCID: PMC7427804 DOI: 10.1038/s41387-020-00134-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2019] [Revised: 07/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The study aimed to examine the anti-diabetic effects of Gynura divaricata (GD) and the underlying mechanism. METHODS Information about the chemical compositions of GD was obtained from extensive literature reports. Potential target genes were predicted using PharmMapper and analyzed using Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG) and Gene Ontology (GO). To validate the results from bioinformatics analyses, an aqueous extract of GD was administered to type 2 diabetic rats established by feeding a high-fat and high-sugar diet followed by STZ injection. Key proteins of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism signaling pathway were investigated by immunoblotting. RESULTS The blood glucose of the rats in the GD treatment group was significantly reduced compared with the model group without treatment. GD also showed activities in reducing the levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine (CREA). The levels of urine sugar (U-GLU) and urine creatinine (U-CREA) were also lowered after treatment with GD. Bioinformatics analysis showed that some pathways including metabolic pathways, insulin resistance, insulin signaling pathway, PPAR signaling pathway, bile secretion, purine metabolism, etc. may be regulated by GD. Furthermore, GD significantly increased the protein expression levels of PKM1/2, p-AKT, PI3K p85, and GLUT4 in the rat liver. In addition, the expression levels of key proteins in the fatty acid metabolism signaling pathway including AMPK, p-AMPK, PPARα, and CPT1α were significantly upregulated. The anti-apoptotic protein BCL-2/BAX expression ratio in rats was significantly upregulated after GD intervention. These results were consistent with the bioinformatics analysis results. CONCLUSIONS Our study suggests that GD can exert hypoglycemic effects in vivo by regulating the genes at the key nodes of the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and fatty acid metabolism signaling pathway.
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Vaccarin Regulates Diabetic Chronic Wound Healing through FOXP2/AGGF1 Pathways. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21061966. [PMID: 32183046 PMCID: PMC7139532 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21061966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2019] [Revised: 02/25/2020] [Accepted: 03/03/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Background: Diabetes mellitus is a growing global health issue nearly across the world. Diabetic patients who are prone to develop diabetes-related complications often exhibit progressive neuropathy (painless and sensory loss). It is usual for small wounds to progress to ulceration, which especially worsens with peripheral arterial disease and in the presence of anaerobic bacteria, culminating into gangrene. In our study, vaccarin (VAC), the main active monomer extracted from Chinese herb vaccariae semen, is proven to have a role in promoting diabetic chronic wound healing through a cytoprotective role under high glucose conditions. Materials and methods: We constructed a pressure ulcer on both VAC-treated and control mice based on a type 1 diabetes (T1DM) model. The wound healing index was evaluated by an experimental wound assessment tool (EWAT). We also determined the effect of VAC on the proliferation and cell migration of human microvascular endothelial cells (HMEC-1) by a cell counting kit (CCK-8), a scratch and transwell assay. Results: The results demonstrated that VAC could promote the proliferation and migration of high glucose-stimulated HMEC-1 cells, which depend on the activation of FOXP2/AGGF1. Activation of the angiogenic factor with G patch and FHA domains 1 (AGGF1) caused enhanced phosphorylation of serine/threonine kinase (Akt) and extracellular regulated protein kinases (Erk1/2). By silencing the expression of forkhead box p2 (FOXP2) protein by siRNA, both mRNA and protein expression of AGGF1 were downregulated, leading to a decreased proliferation and migration of HMEC-1 cells. In addition, a diabetic chronic wound model in vivo unveiled that VAC had a positive effect on chronic wound healing, which involved the activation of the above-mentioned pathways. Conclusions: In summary, our study found that VAC promoted chronic wound healing in T1DM mice by activating the FOXP2/AGGF1 pathway, indicating that VAC may be a promising candidate for the treatment of the chronic wounds of diabetic patients.
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25
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Yang L, Zhang B, Wang X, Liu Z, Li J, Zhang S, Gu X, Jia M, Guo H, Feng N, Fan R, Xie M, Pei J, Chen L. P53/PANK1/miR-107 signalling pathway spans the gap between metabolic reprogramming and insulin resistance induced by high-fat diet. J Cell Mol Med 2020; 24:3611-3624. [PMID: 32048816 PMCID: PMC7131928 DOI: 10.1111/jcmm.15053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2019] [Revised: 01/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
High-fat diet (HFD) leads to obesity, type II diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and increases the coincidence of cardiovascular diseases and cancer. Insulin resistance (IR) is considered as the 'common soil' of those diseases. Furthermore, people on HFD showed restrained glycolysis and enhanced fatty acid oxidation, which is the so-called metabolic reprogramming. However, the relationship between metabolic reprogramming and IR induced by HFD is still unclear. Here, we demonstrate that PANK1 and miR-107 were up-regulated in the liver tissue of mice on HFD for 16 weeks and involved in metabolic reprogramming induced by palmitate acid (PA) incubation. Importantly, miR-107 within an intron of PANK1 gene facilitated IR by targeting caveolin-1 in AML12 cells upon PA incubation. Moreover, we identify that HFD enhanced P53 expression, and activation of P53 with nutlin-3a induced PANK1 and miR-107 expression simultaneously in transcriptional level, leading to metabolic reprogramming and IR, respectively. Consistently, inhibition of P53 with pifithrin-α hydrobromide ameliorated PA-induced metabolic reprogramming and IR. Thus, our results revealing a new mechanism by which P53 regulate metabolism. In addition, the results distinguished the different roles of PANK1 and its intron miR-107 in metabolic regulation, which will provide more accurate intervention targets for the treatment of metabolic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lu Yang
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Bin Zhang
- Department of Aerospace PhysiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xinju Wang
- Battalion 5 of CadetsFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Zhenhua Liu
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Juan Li
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Shumiao Zhang
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Xiaoming Gu
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Min Jia
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Haitao Guo
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Na Feng
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Rong Fan
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Manjiang Xie
- Department of Aerospace PhysiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Jianming Pei
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
| | - Li Chen
- Department of PhysiologyNational Key Discipline of Cell BiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
- Department of Aerospace PhysiologyFourth Military Medical UniversityXi'anChina
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Moustafa Ahmed Y, Shehata Messiha BA, El-Sayed El-Daly M, Abo-Saif AA. Effects of ticagrelor, empagliflozin and tamoxifen against experimentally-induced vascular reactivity defects in rats in vivo and in vitro. Pharmacol Rep 2019; 71:1034-1043. [PMID: 31600634 DOI: 10.1016/j.pharep.2019.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2019] [Revised: 05/19/2019] [Accepted: 06/05/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND In the current investigation, the effects of the P2Y12 blocker ticagrelor, the sodium/glucose transporter-2-inhibitor empagliflozin, and the selective estrogen receptor modulator tamoxifen were examined against rheumatoid arthritis (RA)/diabetes mellitus (DM)-co-morbidity-induced defects in vascular reactivity. METHODS After model setting, rats were allocated into a normal control, an RA/DM-co-morbidity, and three treatment groups receiving ticagrelor, empagliflozin and tamoxifen. Aorta tissue was isolated for enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot estimation of the pro-inflammatory molecules angiotensin-II (Ang-II) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), the adhesion molecules P-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), the energy preserving molecule adenosine-5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the anti-inflammatory molecule vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP). Estimations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 were performed immunohistochemically, together with histopathological examination using hematoxylin and eosin and Masson trichrome staining. An in vitro study on rat aortic strips was conducted to assess aorta vasorelaxation. RESULTS Ticagrelor, empagliflozin and tamoxifen significantly increased aorta tissue AMPK and eNOS and decreased Ang-II, ET-1, P-selectin, VCAM-1 and VIP levels compared with RA/DM-co-morbidity, coupled with improved acetylcholine vasorelaxation in vitro. CONCLUSION Ticagrelor, empagliflozin and tamoxifen may correct vascular reactivity defects, where modulation of vascular AMPK, eNOS, Ang-II, ET-1, P-selectin, VCAM-1 and MMP-2 underline their protective effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmin Moustafa Ahmed
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
| | | | | | - Ali Ahmed Abo-Saif
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Nahda University, Beni-Suef, Egypt
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Liu X, Zhang J, Li Y, Sun L, Xiao Y, Gao W, Zhang Z. Mogroside derivatives exert hypoglycemics effects by decreasing blood glucose level in HepG2 cells and alleviates insulin resistance in T2DM rats. J Funct Foods 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2019.103566] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
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Huang Q, Gong Q, Wen T, Feng S, Xu J, Liu J, Han X, Liu Q, Hu J, Zhu L. Loss of LAMTOR1 in pancreatic β‑cells increases glucose‑stimulated insulin secretion in mice. Int J Mol Med 2019; 45:23-32. [PMID: 31939616 PMCID: PMC6889919 DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2019.4409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Insulin secretion from pancreatic β-cells regulates glucose metabolism and is related to various diseases including diabetes. The late endosomal/lysosomal adaptor MAPK and mTOR activator 1 (LAMTOR1) is one of the subunits of the 'Ragulator' complex and plays an important role in energy metabolism including glucose metabolism. The present study was designed to explore the role of LAMTOR1 in murine pancreatic β-cell function. A murine model with β cell-specific deficiency (βLamtor1-KO) was generated to assess β-cell function (insulin sensitivity paired with β-cell responses) by hyperglycemic clamp in vivo. Islet perfusion and mitochondrial functional analyses were performed to investigate the individual steps in the insulin secretion pathway. Results showed that glucose tolerance in vivo as well as glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in the hyperglycemic clamp and islet perfusion were higher in βLamtor1-KO mice compared to the control models. Although mitochondrial dysfunction was present, the deletion of Lamtor1 increased glutamate content in the mouse insulin granules as well as acetyl-CoA carboxylase 1 (ACC1) activity thus enhancing insulin secretion. Together, our data indicate that LAMTOR1 is important for maintaining mitochondrial function in mouse pancreatic β-cells, however deletion of Lamtor1 increases the amplification pathway induced by glutamate and ACC1, ultimately leading to increased insulin secretion. These findings suggest that knockout of Lamtor1 is a potential technique for improving pancreatic β-cell function and treating diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiong Huang
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qi Gong
- Department of Center Laboratory, The Fifth Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, Guangdong 510000, P.R. China
| | - Ting Wen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Shanshan Feng
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jixiong Xu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Jianying Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Xiudan Han
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Qun Liu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
| | - Juan Hu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, Xiangya Hospital Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410008, P.R. China
| | - Lingyan Zhu
- Department of Endocrinology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi 330006, P.R. China
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Chemical Constituents from Albiziae Cortex and Their Ability to Ameliorate Steatosis and Promote Proliferation and Anti-Oxidation In Vitro. Molecules 2019; 24:molecules24224041. [PMID: 31703459 PMCID: PMC6891805 DOI: 10.3390/molecules24224041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2019] [Revised: 11/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/05/2019] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
This study describes the chemical constituents of Albiziae Cortex and their ability to ameliorate steatosis and promote proliferation and anti-oxidation in vitro. Together, five known lignan glycosides, (7S,8R)-erythro-syringylglycerol-β-O-4'-sinapyl ether 9-O-β-D-glucopyranoside (1), (+)-lyoniresinol-9'-O-gluco-side (2), (-)-lyoniresinol-9'-O-glucoside (3), picraquassioside C (4), and icariside E5 (5), were isolated from the Albiziae Cortex. Their structures were elucidated by extensive NMR and high-resolution mass spectrometry analysis and compared with reported data. Oil Red O staining results revealed that compounds 1, 2, and 3 attenuated lipid accumulation and lipid metabolic disorders in FFAs (oleate/palmitate, 2:1 ratio, 0.3 mM)-exposed HepG2 cells. The Cell Counting Kit 8 (CCK-8) assay results revealed that compounds 1 and 5 can significantly promote human umbilical vein endothelial cell (HUVEC) proliferation; meanwhile, these compounds did not exhibit significant cytotoxicity against HUVECs. In addition, 2',7'-dichlorofluorescein diacetate (DCFH-DA) staining results revealed that high glucose (HG)-induced reactive oxygen species (ROS) production was abolished by compounds 1, 2, and 3. This is the first report of the isolation of lignan skeletons from the genus Albizzia julibrissin with the ability to ameliorate steatosis and promote proliferation and anti-oxidation activities.
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Vardenafil and cilostazol can improve vascular reactivity in rats with diabetes mellitus and rheumatoid arthritis co-morbidity. Life Sci 2019; 229:67-79. [PMID: 31085245 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Revised: 04/27/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Endothelial dysfunction and vascular reactivity defects secondary to metabolic and immunological disorders carry risk of serious cardiovascular complications. Here, the effects of the phosphodiesterase (PDE) inhibitors vardenafil and cilostazol were examined against rheumatoid arthritis (RA)/diabetes mellitus (DM)-co-morbidity-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular reactivity defects. After setting of RA/DM-co-morbidity model, rats were divided into a normal control group, an RA/DM-co-morbidity group, and two treatment groups receiving oral vardenafil (10 mg/kg/day) and cilostazol (30 mg/kg/day) for 21 days after RA/DM-co-morbidity induction. Aorta was isolated for biochemical estimations of the pro-inflammatory vasoconstrictor molecules angiotensin-II (Ang-II) and endothelin-1 (ET-1), the adhesion molecules P-selectin and vascular cell adhesion molecule-1 (VCAM-1), the energy sensor adenosine-5'-monophosphate-activated protein kinase (AMPK), and the vasodilator anti-inflammatory molecule vasoactive intestinal peptide (VIP) using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) and western blot analysis. Immunohistochemical estimations of endothelial nitric oxide synthase (eNOS) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-2 were performed coupled with histopathological examination using routine hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and special Masson trichrome staining. The in vitro study was conducted using aortic strips where cumulative concentration response curves were done for the endothelium-dependent relaxing factor acetylcholine and the endothelium-independent relaxing factor sodium nitroprusside after submaximal contraction with phenylephrine. Vardenafil and cilostazol significantly improved endothelial integrity biomarkers in vivo supported with histopathological findings in addition to improved vasorelaxation in vitro. Apart from their known PDE inhibition, up-regulation of vascular AMPK and eNOS coupled with down-regulation of Ang-II, ET-1, P-selectin, VCAM-1 and MMP-2 may explain vardenafil and cilostazol protective effect against RA/DM-co-morbidity-induced endothelial dysfunction and vascular reactivity defects.
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Su D, Zhao J, Hu S, Guan L, Li Q, Shi C, Ma X, Gou J, Zhou Y. GSK3β and MCL-1 mediate cardiomyocyte apoptosis in response to high glucose. Histochem Cell Biol 2019; 152:217-225. [DOI: 10.1007/s00418-019-01798-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/04/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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