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Su H, Zhou W, Chen W, Yang K, Yang M, He H, Qian C, Yuan D, Jiang K, Zhu J. PGE2 binding to EP2 promotes ureteral stone expulsion by relaxing ureter via the cAMP-PKA pathway. BMC Urol 2024; 24:117. [PMID: 38851678 PMCID: PMC11161962 DOI: 10.1186/s12894-024-01504-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2024] [Accepted: 05/28/2024] [Indexed: 06/10/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study investigated the relaxation effect of PGE2 on the ureter and its role in promoting calculi expulsion following calculi development. METHODS By using immunofluorescence and Western blot, we were able to locate EP receptors in the ureter. In vitro experiments assessed the impact of PGE2, receptor antagonists, and agonists on ureteral relaxation rate. We constructed a model of ureteral calculi with flowable resin and collected ureteral tissue from postoperative side of the ureter after obstruction surgery. Western blot analysis was used to determine the protein expression levels of EP receptors and the PGE2 terminal synthase mPGES-1. Additionally, PGE2 was added to smooth muscle cells to observe downstream cAMP and PKA changes. RESULTS The expression of EP2 and EP4 proteins in ureteral smooth muscle was verified by Western blot analysis. According to immunofluorescence, EP2 was primarily found on the cell membrane, while EP4 was found in the nucleus. In vitro, PGE2 induced concentration-dependent ureteral relaxation. Maximum diastolic rate was 70.94 ± 4.57% at a concentration of 30µM. EP2 antagonists hindered this effect, while EP4 antagonists did not. Obstructed ureters exhibited elevated mPGES-1 and EP2 protein expression (P < 0.01). Smooth muscle cells treated with PGE2 displayed increased cAMP and phosphorylated PKA. CONCLUSIONS PGE2 binding to EP2 induces ureteral relaxation through the cAMP-PKA pathway. This will provide a new theoretical basis for the development of new therapeutic approaches for the use of PGE2 in the treatment of ureteral stones.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Su
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Wenyan Zhou
- Department of Clinical Laboratory, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Weiming Chen
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Ke Yang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Meng Yang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Hu He
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Cheng Qian
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Dongbo Yuan
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China
| | - Kehua Jiang
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China.
| | - Jianguo Zhu
- Department of Urology, Guizhou Provincial People's Hospital, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China.
- Guizhou University School of Medicine, Guiyang, 550025, Guizhou Province, China.
- Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang, 550002, Guizhou Province, China.
- Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi, 563000, Guizhou Province, China.
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Chang Y, Yi JY, Brotto M, Pan Z. Measurement of Intracellular Ca 2+ for Studying GPCR-Mediated Lipid Signaling. Methods Mol Biol 2024; 2816:69-75. [PMID: 38977589 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-3902-3_7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/10/2024]
Abstract
Intracellular Ca2+ can be conveniently monitored by sensitive Ca2+ fluorescent dyes in live cells. The Gαq involved lipid signaling pathways and, thus, can be studied by intracellular Ca2+ imaging. Here we describe the protocols to measure intracellular Ca2+ for studying PEG2-EP1 activity in esophageal smooth muscle cells. The ratiometric Fura-2 imaging provides quantitative data, and the Fluo-4 confocal microscopic imaging has high-spatial resolution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chang
- Department of Graduate Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
- Bone and Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - James Y Yi
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Marco Brotto
- Department of Graduate Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
- Bone and Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA
| | - Zui Pan
- Department of Graduate Nursing, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
- Bone and Muscle Research Center, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
- Department of Kinesiology, College of Nursing and Health Innovation, The University of Texas at Arlington, Arlington, TX, USA.
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Promdam N, Khuituan P, Panichayupakaranant P. Effects of standardized [6]-gingerol extracts and [6]-gingerol on isolated ileum and lower esophageal sphincter contractions in mice. Food Chem 2022; 378:132077. [PMID: 35042108 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2022.132077] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2021] [Revised: 01/03/2022] [Accepted: 01/04/2022] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Standardized [6]-gingerol extracts were prepared by microwave-assisted extraction using 20% v/v glycerin in ethanol and 20% v/v eutectic mixture of sucrose and citric acid in ethanol as alternative green solvents. The extracts obtained from 20% v/v glycerin in ethanol (GEE) and 20% v/v eutectic mixture of sucrose and citric acid in ethanol (EMSCEE) were standardized by HPLC to contain 17.0 mg/g of [6]-gingerol. The effects of the extracts on mouse ileal contractions via M3 and 5-HT3 receptors as well as lower esophageal sphincter (LES) contraction were determined in vitro relative to the marker compound, [6]-gingerol. [6]-Gingerol, GEE and EMSCEE demonstrated significant and concentration-dependent inhibitory effects on ileal contraction in mice via M3 and 5-HT3 receptors in a noncompetitive manner. In addition, [6]-gingerol and EMSCEE tend to increase the LES tone. These results indicated the potential of GEE and EMSCEE to attenuate nausea and vomiting and might be used as nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nantaporn Promdam
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Pissared Khuituan
- Division of Health and Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Gut Biology and Microbiota Research Unit, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand
| | - Pharkphoom Panichayupakaranant
- Department of Pharmacognosy and Pharmaceutical Botany, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand; Phytomedicine and Pharmaceutical Biotechnology Excellence Center, Faculty of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Prince of Songkla University, Hat-Yai, Songkhla 90112, Thailand.
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