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Hu R, Huo P, Nong W, Hu L, Jiang W, Yang Z, Liao A, Chen X, Huang Z, Lei X. Dendrobium nobile-derived polysaccharides stimulate the glycolytic pathway by activating SIRT2 to regulate insulin resistance in polycystic ovary syndrome granulosa cells. Int J Biol Macromol 2024:134780. [PMID: 39153683 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2024.134780] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2024] [Revised: 08/11/2024] [Accepted: 08/13/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
Insulin resistance (IR) is one of the major complications of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS). This study aimed to investigate the effects and the molecular regulatory mechanism by which Dendrobium nobile-derived polysaccharides (DNP) improve IR in rats with letrozole and high-fat-diet induced PCOS. In vivo, DNP (200 mg/kg/d) administration not only reduced body weight, blood glucose, and insulin levels in PCOS rats, but also improve the disrupted estrous cycle. In addition, DNP treatment reduced atretic and cystic follicles and enhanced granulosa cell layer thickness, thereby restoring follicle development. In vitro, DNP treatment (100 μM) increased lactate levels and decreased pyruvate levels in insulin-treated (8 μg/mL) KGN cells. Additionally, DNP also decreased the expression of IGF1 and increased that of IGF1R, SIRT2, LDHA, PKM2 and HK2 both in vivo and in vitro. Also, SIRT2 expression was specifically inhibited by AGK2, while DNP significantly improved IR and glycolysis by reversing the effect of AGK2 treatment on lactate and pyruvate production, upregulating the expression levels of IGF1R, LDHA, HK2, and PKM2 and downregulating the expression level of IGF1. The results indicate that DNP can effectively improve IR and restore glycolytic pathway by activating SIRT2, which may provide a potential therapeutic approach for PCOS patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rao Hu
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Hengyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Peng Huo
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Environmental Exposomics and Entire Lifecycle Health, Guilin Medical University, Guilin, 541004, China..
| | - Weihua Nong
- Key Laboratory of Research on Clinical Molecular Diagnosis for High Incidence Diseases in Western Guangxi, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise 533000, China
| | - Linlin Hu
- Reproductive Medicine, Guangxi Medical and Health Key Discipline Construction Project, Key Laboratory of Research on Clinical Molecular Diagnosis for High Incidence Diseases in Western Guangxi, The Affiliated Hospital of Youjiang Medical University for Nationalities, Baise, 533000, China
| | - Wenjian Jiang
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Hengyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Zhijian Yang
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Hengyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Anqi Liao
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Hengyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang 421001, China
| | - Xi Chen
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Hengyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Zhijian Huang
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Hengyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang 421001, China.
| | - Xiaocan Lei
- Hunan Province Innovative Training Base for Medical Postgraduates, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Hengyang Medical School, University of South China and Hengyang Women & Children's Medical Center, Hengyang 421001, China.
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Huang S, Yu C, Hu M, Wen Q, Wen X, Li S, Li K, Ma H. Electroacupuncture ameliorates hepatic defects in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome induced by letrozole and a high-fat diet. Acupunct Med 2024; 42:87-99. [PMID: 38044823 DOI: 10.1177/09645284231207863] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND This study was designed to evaluate the effects of low-frequency electroacupuncture (EA) on glucose and lipid disturbances in a rat model of polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) characterized by insulin resistance (IR) and hepatic steatosis. METHODS The PCOS rat model was induced by continuous administration of letrozole (LET) combined with a high-fat diet (HFD). Female Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into the following four groups: control, control + EA, LET + HFD and LET + HFD + EA. EA was administered five or six times a week with a maximum of 20 treatment sessions. Body weight, estrous cyclicity, hormonal status, glucose and insulin tolerance, lipid profiles, liver inflammation factors, liver morphology and changes in the phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase (PI3-K)/Akt (protein kinase B) pathway were evaluated. RESULTS The rat model presented anovulatory cycles, increased body weight, elevated testosterone, abnormal glucose and lipid metabolism, IR, liver inflammation, hepatic steatosis and dysregulation of the insulin-mediated PI3-K/Akt signaling axis. EA reduced fasting blood glucose, fasting insulin, area under the curve for glucose, homeostasis model assessment of IR indices, triglycerides and free fatty acids, and alleviated hepatic steatosis. Furthermore, low-frequency EA downregulated mRNA expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-6, upregulated mRNA expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR)-α, increased protein expression of phosphorylated (p)-Akt (Ser473), p-glycogen synthase kinase (GSK) 3β (Ser9) and glucose transporter 4 (GLUT4), increased the ratio of p-GSK3β to GSK3β and downregulated protein expression of GSK3β. CONCLUSION An obese PCOS rat model with IR and hepatic steatosis was successfully established by the combination of LET and HFD. EA improved dysfunctional glucose and lipid metabolism in this PCOS-IR rat model, and the molecular mechanism appeared to involve regulation of the expression of key molecules of the PI3-K/Akt insulin signaling pathway in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiya Huang
- The Third Clinical Medical College of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Chuyi Yu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Qidan Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Xiaohui Wen
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Shuna Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Kunyin Li
- The Third Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou University of Chinese Medicine, Guangzhou, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
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Rakic D, Joksimovic Jovic J, Jakovljevic V, Zivkovic V, Nikolic M, Sretenovic J, Nikolic M, Jovic N, Bicanin Ilic M, Arsenijevic P, Dimitrijevic A, Vulovic T, Ristic N, Bulatovic K, Bolevich S, Stijak L, Pantovic S. High Fat Diet Exaggerate Metabolic and Reproductive PCOS Features by Promoting Oxidative Stress: An Improved EV Model in Rats. MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2023; 59:1104. [PMID: 37374308 DOI: 10.3390/medicina59061104] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2023] [Revised: 05/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/29/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a frequent multifactorial endocrinopathy affecting women in the reproductive period, often associated with infertility and metabolic disorders. The use of animal models helps to better understand etiopathogenesis, enabling the examination of the effects of certain drugs in order to discover the best possible therapeutic approach. We tried to investigate the additional effect of estradiol-valerate (EV) and high-fat diet (HFD) in female rats to explore PCOS-related alterations with special focus on oxidative stress. Materials and Methods: Animals were divided into three groups: control group (CTRL, n = 6), estradiol-valerate group (EV, n = 6), and estradiol-valerate group on HFD (EV + HFD, n = 6). PCOS was induced by single subcutaneous injection of long-acting EV in a dose of 4 mg/per rat. We tried to improve the metabolic characteristics of the PCOS animal model by adding HFD, so the CTRL and EV group had a regular diet, while the EV + HFD group had HFD during the induction period of 60 days. Results: We observed alterations of anthropometric parameters and hormonal disturbances, along with estrus cycle impairment reassembly to obese-type PCOS phenotype. Moreover, glucose metabolism was impaired after addition of HFD to EV protocol, contrary to EV administered alone. Histological analysis confirmed more numerous cystic follicles after the combination of EV and HFD protocol. The alterations of oxidative stress markers could be related to and serve as the mechanistic base for development of PCOS-related endocrine, reproductive, and metabolic properties. Conclusions: The additive effect of EV and HFD was obvious in the majority of the parameters observed. Our study strongly demonstrated metabolic as well as reproductive properties of PCOS in rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dejana Rakic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jovana Joksimovic Jovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Vladimir Jakovljevic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir Zivkovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Pharmacology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119435 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maja Nikolic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Jasmina Sretenovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marina Nikolic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Center of Excellence for Redox Balance Research in Cardiovascular and Metabolic Disorders, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Nikola Jovic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Marija Bicanin Ilic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Petar Arsenijevic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Aleksandra Dimitrijevic
- Department of Gynecology and Obstetrics, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Tatjana Vulovic
- University Clinical Center Kragujevac, Zmaj Jovina 30, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
- Department of Surgery, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
| | - Natasa Ristic
- Department of Cytology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković"-National Institute of Republic of Serbia, University of Belgrade, 11060 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Kristina Bulatovic
- Faculty of Medicine, University of Pristina in Kosovska Mitrovica, 38220 Kosovska Mitrovica, Serbia
| | - Sergej Bolevich
- Department of Human Pathology, I.M. Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, 119146 Moscow, Russia
| | - Lazar Stijak
- Institute of Anatomy, School of Medicine, University of Belgrade, 11000 Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Suzana Pantovic
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Medical Sciences, University of Kragujevac, 34000 Kragujevac, Serbia
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Zuo L, Hai Y, Zhang R, Zuo B, Tian J, Li P, Ke X, Wang M, Ren L, Li X, Huang X, Wang J. Therapeutic potential of icariin in rats with letrozole and high-fat diet-induced polycystic ovary syndrome. Eur J Pharmacol 2023:175825. [PMID: 37269973 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2023.175825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2022] [Revised: 05/19/2023] [Accepted: 05/30/2023] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is characterized by reproductive, endocrine, and metabolic disorders. Icariin has been shown to regulate endocrine and metabolic imbalances. This study aimed to determine the therapeutic effect and pharmacological mechanism of icariin in PCOS rats. Rats were fed a high-fat diet and gavaged with letrozole to induce PCOS. Thirty-six female rats were randomly divided into four groups: control, model, low-dose, and high-dose icariin. After 30 days of treatment, we evaluated the therapeutic effects on weight and diet, sex hormone levels, ovarian morphology, estrous cycle, inflammatory factors, and indicators of glucolipid metabolism. Combined with the ovarian transcriptome, we verified the key markers of apoptosis and the Janus kinase/signal transducer and activator of transcription (JAK/STAT) signaling pathway by RT-qPCR for mRNA level, western blot, and immunohistochemistry for protein expression. Icariin significantly improved ovarian function and reproductive endocrine disorders by regulating sex hormones, restoring the estrous cycle, and reducing ovarian morphological damage in PCOS rats. Icariin-treated rats had lower weight gain and reduced triglycerides, fasting insulin, HOMA-IR, TNF-α, and interleukin-6 with higher high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels than PCOS rats. TUNEL staining showed icariin improved apoptosis in the ovaries. This was supported by an increase in Bcl2 and a decrease in Bad and Bax. Icariin decreased the ratios of p-JAK2/JAK2, p-STAT1/STAT1, p-STAT3/STAT3, and p-STAT5a/STAT5a, decreased IL-6, gp130 expression, and increased cytokine-inducible SH2-containing protein (CISH) and suppressor of cytokine signaling 1 (SOCS1) expression. The pharmacological mechanism may be related to the reduction in ovarian apoptosis and inhibition of the IL-6/gp130/JAK2/STATs pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Zuo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Yang Hai
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Basic Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Ruoyu Zhang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Biao Zuo
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Jiayu Tian
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Pan Li
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xiumei Ke
- College of Pharmacy, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Meng Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Li Ren
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuezhi Li
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China
| | - Xuekuan Huang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
| | - Jianwei Wang
- Chongqing Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Prevention and Cure of Metabolic Diseases, Chongqing, 400016, China; College of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, 400016, China.
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Santos WLL, da Silva Pinheiro C, de Oliveira Santos R, da Silva ACA, Severo JS, Mendes PHM, de Sousa LC, de Sousa OMC, Dos Santos BLB, de Oliveira KBV, Freitas AK, Torres-Leal FL, Dos Santos AA, da Silva MTB. Physical exercise alleviates oxidative stress in brown adipose tissue and causes changes in body composition and nutritional behavior in rats with polycystic ovary syndrome. Life Sci 2023; 325:121754. [PMID: 37156395 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2023.121754] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Revised: 04/28/2023] [Accepted: 05/02/2023] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
AIM Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a very common endocrine disorder in women. We investigate the effect of physical exercise on body composition, nutritional parameters, and oxidative stress in rats with PCOS. METHODS Female rats were into three groups: Control, PCOS, and PCOS + Exercise. PCOS was induced by letrozole (1 mg/kg via p.o.) for 21 days consecutively. Physical exercise was swimming, for 21 consecutive days, 1 h/day with 5 % load. In all groups, we assessed the nutritional and murinometric parameters, body composition, thermography, and oxidative stress in brown adipose tissue (BAT) and peri-ovarian adipose tissue (POAT). KEY FINDINGS In PCOS we observed an increase (P < 0.05) in body weight vs. the Control group. But, the PCOS + Exercise group prevent this weight gain (P < 0.05). The temperature in BAT, decrease (P < 0.05) in the PCOS group vs. Control group. PCOS + Exercise prevented this reduction (P < 0.05) in BAT temperature vs. PCOS groups. We observed decreases (P < 0.05) in Lee Index and BMI in POS + Exercise vs. PCOS group. In PCOS rats, we observed an increase (P < 0.05) in murinometric (SRWG, EI, and FE) and body composition parameters (TWB, ECF, ICF, and FFM) vs. the Control group. The PCOS + Exercise prevents (P < 0.05) these changes in all groups, compared with PCOS. Regarding the BAT, we observe an increase (P < 0.05) in MPO and MDA levels in the PCOS vs. Control group. PCOS + Exercise prevents (P < 0.05) these increases vs. the PCOS group. SIGNIFICANCE PCOS modifies body composition, and nutritional parameters, and induces changes in oxidative stress in BAT. Physical exercise prevented these alterations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenna Lúcia Lima Santos
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Clailson da Silva Pinheiro
- Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | - Alda Cassia Alves da Silva
- Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Juliana Soares Severo
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Pedro Henrique Moraes Mendes
- Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Luiza Carolinda de Sousa
- Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | - Olga Maria Castro de Sousa
- Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil
| | | | | | - António Klingem Freitas
- Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Federal University of Ceará, Fortaleza, CE, Brazil
| | | | | | - Moises Tolentino Bento da Silva
- Graduate Program in Food and Nutrition, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Laboratory of Exercise and Gastrointestinal Tract - Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Graduate Program in Pharmacology, Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, PI, Brazil; Laboratory of Physiology. Department of Immuno-Physiology and Pharmacology. Institute of the Biomedical Science Abel Salazar - ICBAS, Center for Drug Discovery and Innovative Medicines (MedInUP), University of Porto, Porto, Portugal.
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6
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Zheng R, Shen H, Li J, Zhao J, Lu L, Hu M, Lin Z, Ma H, Tan H, Hu M, Li J. Qi Gong Wan ameliorates adipocyte hypertrophy and inflammation in adipose tissue in a PCOS mouse model through the Nrf2/HO-1/Cyp1b1 pathway: Integrating network pharmacology and experimental validation in vivo. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2023; 301:115824. [PMID: 36273747 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2022.115824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2022] [Revised: 10/02/2022] [Accepted: 10/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Initially recorded in Yifang Jijie (an ancient Chinese text), Qi Gong Wan (QGW) is used to treat obese women with infertility. QGW can help promote follicular development and maturation, regulate the balance of serum hormones between testosterone and estradiol, enhance endometrial receptivity, improve waist circumference, and ameliorate insulin resistance. It contains eight herbs: Pinellia ternata (Thunb.) Makino (Banxia), Citrus maxima (Burm.) (Juhong), Poria cocos (Schw.) Wolf. (Fuling), Atractylodes macrocephala Koidz (Baizhu), Cyperus rotundus L. (Xiangfu), Conioselinum anthriscoides 'Chuanxiong' (Chuanxiong), Massa Medicata Fermentata (Shenqu), and Glycyrrhiza uralensis Fisch. ex DC. (Gancao). However, the underlying mechanism of how QGW affects women with PCOS remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY QGW has been widely used to treat PCOS patients with obesity clinically. This study was designed to identify its chemical and pharmacological properties. MATERIALS AND METHODS Network pharmacology was used to predict the active compounds, potential targets, and pathways of QGW. Female C57BL/6J mice were injected with letrozole and fed a high-fat diet to establish a PCOS-insulin resistance (PCOS-IR) model. Body weight, estrous cycles, ovarian pathology, and serum insulin resistance were measured. qRT-PCR was used to examine the inflammation-related and steroid hormone biosynthesis-related mRNA expression in adipose tissue. Western blotting was used to determine the protein levels of Nrf2, HO-1, and Cyp1b1 in adipose tissue. Molecular docking was used to reveal the key chemical compounds of QGW. RESULTS Network pharmacology revealed a total of 91 active ingredients in QGW that were associated with 167 targets. QGW could potentially treat PCOS-IR via nitrogen metabolism, steroid hormone biosynthesis, and ovarian steroidogenesis pathways. In the PCOS-IR mouse model, we found that QGW decreased the mean diameter of adipocytes and the total adipocyte area. Furthermore, QGW was found to significantly lower the expression of inflammation-related genes including Tnfɑ and C4a/b and the steroid hormone biosynthesis-related gene Cyp1b1. QGW showed a tendency to improve cystic follicles, fasting insulin, and HOMA-IR index in the PCOS-IR mouse model. Combining these findings with the results of KEGG analysis, we conclude that QGW promotes the Nrf2/HO-1/Cyp1b1 pathway to protect adipose tissue under conditions of PCOS. Molecular docking revealed that rutin, nicotiflorin, and baicalein may be the key chemical compounds of QGW through which it improves adipocyte hypertrophy and inflammation. CONCLUSIONS QGW improved adipocyte hypertrophy and inflammation in the PCOS-IR mouse model by activating the Nrf2/HO-1/Cyp1b1 pathway to protect adipose tissue. Our work thus provides a new research avenue for the study of traditional Chinese medicine in the treatment of PCOS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruqun Zheng
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Haoran Shen
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Third Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Jie Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Jiansen Zhao
- Nanshan School, Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Lingjing Lu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China; Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Key Laboratory and Unit of Infertility in Chinese Medicine, First Affiliated Hospital, Heilongjiang University of Chinese Medicine, Harbin, China
| | - Mianhao Hu
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The Second Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Zixin Lin
- Department of Clinical Medicine, The First Clinical School of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, 511436, China
| | - Hongxia Ma
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Huiyan Tan
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Min Hu
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China
| | - Juan Li
- Department of Traditional Chinese Medicine, The First Affiliated Hospital of Guangzhou Medical University, Guangzhou, China.
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Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) increases the risk of subsequent gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM): A novel therapeutic perspective. Life Sci 2022; 310:121069. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2022.121069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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Poojary PS, Nayak G, Panchanan G, Rao A, Kundapur SD, Kalthur SG, Mutalik S, Adiga SK, Zhao Y, Bakkum-Gamez J, Chang AY, DeStephano C, Sherman M, Kannan N, Kalthur G. Distinctions in PCOS Induced by Letrozole Vs Dehydroepiandrosterone With High-fat Diet in Mouse Model. Endocrinology 2022; 163:6625847. [PMID: 35776497 DOI: 10.1210/endocr/bqac097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) is a complex health condition associated with metabolic disturbances and infertility. Recent data suggest that the prevalence of PCOS is increasing among women globally, although the etiology of these trends is undefined. Consequently, preclinical models that better reflect the biology of PCOS are urgently needed to facilitate research that can lead to the discovery of prevention strategies or improved management. The existing animal models have several limitations as they do not reflect all the PCOS features metabolically and/or phenotypically. Therefore, there is no clear consensus on the use of appropriate animal model and selection of the most appropriate PCOS-inducing agent. To that end, we have established a Swiss albino mouse model of PCOS based on 3 weeks of daily treatment with letrozole (50 μg/day; intraperitoneal) and dehydroepiandrosterone (DHEA, 6 mg/100 g body weight; subcutaneous) in 5-week-old female mice fed on normal or high-fat diet (HFD). Mice were regularly assessed for body weight, blood glucose, and estrous cycle. Three weeks after drug administration, mice were sacrificed and assessed for blood-based metabolic parameters as well as ovarian function. Our results indicate that DHEA combined with HFD produces changes mimicking those of clinical PCOS, including elevated serum testosterone and luteinizing hormone, dyslipidemia, poor ovarian microenvironment, and development of multiple ovarian cysts, recapitulating cardinal features of PCOS. In comparison, normal diet and/or letrozole produced fewer features of PCOS. The data from the experimental models presented here can improve our understanding of PCOS, a growing concern in women's health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pooja Suresh Poojary
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Guruprasad Nayak
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Gangotri Panchanan
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Arpitha Rao
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sanjna Das Kundapur
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Sneha Guruprasad Kalthur
- Department of Anatomy, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Srinivas Mutalik
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Manipal College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Satish Kumar Adiga
- Division of Clinical Embryology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
| | - Yulian Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology and Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Jamie Bakkum-Gamez
- Division of Laboratory Genetics and Genomics, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Alice Y Chang
- Division of Gynecologic Oncology Surgery, Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Christopher DeStephano
- Division of Endocrinology, Diabetes, Metabolism, Nutrition, Department of Internal Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Mark Sherman
- Department of Quantitative Health Sciences, Mayo Clinic, Jacksonville, FL 32224, USA
| | - Nagarajan Kannan
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Mayo Clinic Cancer Center, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
- Center for Regenerative Medicine, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
| | - Guruprasad Kalthur
- Division of Reproductive Biology, Department of Reproductive Science, Kasturba Medical College, Manipal, Manipal Academy of Higher Education, Manipal-576104, Karnataka, India
- Division of Experimental Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Department of Laboratory Medicine and Pathology, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, MN 55902, USA
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Pieczyńska JM, Pruszyńska-Oszmałek E, Kołodziejski PA, Łukomska A, Bajerska J. The Role of a High-Fat, High-Fructose Diet on Letrozole-Induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome in Prepubertal Mice. Nutrients 2022; 14:2478. [PMID: 35745209 PMCID: PMC9229956 DOI: 10.3390/nu14122478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 06/10/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aims to investigate the effects of a high-fat, high-fructose (HF/HFr) diet on metabolic/endocrine dysregulations associated with letrozole (LET)-induced Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) in prepubertal female mice. Thirty-two prepubertal C57BL/6 mice were randomly divided into four groups of eight and implanted with LET or a placebo, with simultaneous administration of an HF/HFr/standard diet for five weeks. After sacrifice, the liver and blood were collected for selected biochemical analyses. The ovaries were taken for histopathological examination. The LET+HF/HFr group gained significantly more weight than the LET-treated mice. Both the LET+HF/HFr and the placebo-treated mice on the HF/HFr diet developed polycystic ovaries. Moreover the LET+HF/HFr group had significantly elevated testosterone levels, worsened lipid profile and indices of insulin sensitivity. In turn, the HF/HFr diet alone led to similar changes in the LET-treated group, except for the indices of insulin sensitivity. Hepatic steatosis also occurred in both HF/HFr groups. The LET-treated group did not develop endocrine or metabolic abnormalities, but polycystic ovaries were seen. Since the HF/HFr diet can cause substantial metabolic and reproductive dysregulation in both LET-treated and placebo mice, food items rich in simple sugar-particularly fructose-and saturated fat, which have the potential to lead to PCOS progression, should be eliminated from the diet of young females.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Maria Pieczyńska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Ewa Pruszyńska-Oszmałek
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (P.A.K.)
| | - Paweł Antoni Kołodziejski
- Department of Animal Physiology, Biochemistry and Biostructure, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland; (E.P.-O.); (P.A.K.)
| | - Anna Łukomska
- Department of Preclinical Sciences and Infectious Diseases, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
| | - Joanna Bajerska
- Department of Human Nutrition and Dietetics, Poznań University of Life Sciences, 60-637 Poznań, Poland;
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