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Schuerch K, Grieder M, Benzing V, Siegwart V, Federspiel A, Slavova N, Kiefer C, Roessler J, Everts R. Cerebral blood flow and structural connectivity after working memory or physical training in paediatric cancer survivors - Exploratory findings. Neuropsychol Rehabil 2024:1-27. [PMID: 38809147 DOI: 10.1080/09602011.2024.2356294] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Accepted: 05/10/2024] [Indexed: 05/30/2024]
Abstract
Paediatric cancer survivors often suffer from cognitive long-term difficulties. Consequently, strengthening cognition is of major clinical relevance. This study investigated cerebral changes in relation to cognition in non-brain tumour paediatric cancer survivors after working memory or physical training compared to a control group. Thirty-four children (≥one-year post-treatment) either underwent eight weeks of working memory training (n = 10), physical training (n = 11), or a waiting period (n = 13). Cognition and MRI, including arterial spin labelling and diffusion tensor imaging, were assessed at three time points (baseline, post-training, and three-month follow-up). Results show lower cerebral blood flow immediately after working memory training (z = -2.073, p = .038) and higher structural connectivity at the three-month follow-up (z = -2.240, p = .025). No cerebral changes occurred after physical training. Short-term changes in cerebral blood flow correlated with short-term changes in cognitive flexibility (r = -.667, p = .049), while long-term changes in structural connectivity correlated with long-term changes in working memory (r = .786, p = .021). Despite the caution given when interpreting data from small samples, this study suggests a link between working memory training and neurophysiological changes. Further research is needed to validate these findings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirstin Schuerch
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Neuropediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Graduate School for Health Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Matthias Grieder
- Translational Research Center, University Hospital of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Valetin Benzing
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Neuropediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Institute of Sport Science, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Valerie Siegwart
- Division of Neuropediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Andrea Federspiel
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Nedelina Slavova
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Claus Kiefer
- Support Center for Advanced Neuroimaging (SCAN), Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Neuroradiology, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, and University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Jochen Roessler
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
| | - Regula Everts
- Division of Pediatric Hematology/Oncology, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
- Division of Neuropediatrics, Development and Rehabilitation, Department of Pediatrics, Inselspital, Bern University Hospital, University of Bern, Bern, Switzerland
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Samavaki M, Söderholm S, Nia AZ, Pursiainen S. Modeling of blood flow in cerebral arterial circulation and its dynamic impact on electrical conductivity in a realistic multi-compartment head model. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2024; 244:107983. [PMID: 38157828 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Revised: 12/08/2023] [Accepted: 12/15/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study aims to assess the dynamic impact of non-Newtonian cerebral arterial circulation on electrical conductivity within a realistic multi-compartment head model. Evaluating this research question is crucial and challenging due to its relevance to electrophysiological modalities like transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), electro-/magnetoencephalography (EEG/MEG), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT). In these modalities, accurate forward modeling depends on the electrical conductivity, which is affected by complex tortuous vessel networks, limited data acquisition in Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI), and non-linear blood flow phenomena, including shear rate and viscosity in non-Newtonian fluid. METHODS To obtain an approximation for the blood concentration, we first use Navier-Stokes equations (NSEs) to solve for the pressure and velocity of the blood in the major vessels. Then Fick's law is used to solve for the blood concentration in the tissues. Finally, Archie's law is used to estimate the electrical conductivity distribution based on the blood concentration. RESULTS The results, obtained with an open 7 Tesla MRI dataset, suggest that a dynamic model of cerebral blood flow (CBF) for both arterial and microcirculation can be established; we find blood pressure and electrical conductivity distributions given a numerically simulated pulse sequence and approximate the blood concentration and electrical conductivity inside the brain based on those. CONCLUSIONS Our model provides an approximation of the dynamical blood flow and the corresponding electrical conductivity distribution in the different parts of the brain. The advantage of our approach is that it is applicable with limited a priori information about the blood flow and with an arbitrary head model distinguishing the arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Samavaki
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland.
| | - Santtu Söderholm
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland
| | - Arash Zarrin Nia
- Faculty of Mathematics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Mirdamad Blvd, No. 470, Tehran, 1676-53381, Iran
| | - Sampsa Pursiainen
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland
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Samavaki M, Oluwatoki Yusuf Y, Nia AZ, Söderholm S, Lahtinen J, Galaz Prieto F, Pursiainen S. Pressure-Poisson equation in numerical simulation of cerebral arterial circulation and its effect on the electrical conductivity of the brain. COMPUTER METHODS AND PROGRAMS IN BIOMEDICINE 2023; 242:107844. [PMID: 37852144 DOI: 10.1016/j.cmpb.2023.107844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2023] [Revised: 09/28/2023] [Accepted: 10/03/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE This study considers dynamic modeling of the cerebral arterial circulation and reconstructing an atlas for the electrical conductivity of the brain. Electrical conductivity is a governing parameter in several electrophysiological modalities applied in neuroscience, such as electroencephalography (EEG), transcranial electrical stimulation (tES), and electrical impedance tomography (EIT). While high-resolution 7-Tesla (T) Magnetic Resonance Imaging (MRI) data allow for reconstructing the cerebral arteries with a cross-sectional diameter larger than the voxel size, electrical conductivity cannot be directly inferred from MRI data. Brain models of electrophysiology typically associate each brain tissue compartment with a constant electrical conductivity, omitting any dynamic effects of cerebral blood circulation. Incorporating those effects poses the challenge of solving a system of incompressible Navier-Stokes equations (NSEs) in a realistic multi-compartment head model. However, using a simplified circulation model is well-motivated since, on the one hand, the complete system does not always have a numerically stable solution and, on the other hand, the full set of arteries cannot be perfectly reconstructed from the MRI data, meaning that any solution will be approximative. METHODS We postulate that circulation in the distinguishable arteries can be estimated via the pressure-Poisson equation (PPE), which is coupled with Fick's law of diffusion for microcirculation. To establish a fluid exchange model between arteries and microarteries, a boundary condition derived from the Hagen-Poisseuille model is applied. The relationship between the estimated volumetric blood concentration and the electrical conductivity of the brain tissue is approximated through Archie's law for fluid flow in porous media. RESULTS Through the formulation of the PPE and a set of boundary conditions (BCs) based on the Hagen-Poisseuille model, we obtained an equivalent formulation of the incompressible Stokes equation (SE). Thus, allowing effective blood pressure estimation in cerebral arteries segmented from open 7T MRI data. CONCLUSIONS As a result of this research, we developed and built a useful modeling framework that accounts for the effects of dynamic blood flow on a novel MRI-based electrical conductivity atlas. The electrical conductivity perturbation obtained in numerical experiments has an appropriate overall match with previous studies on this subject. Further research to validate these results will be necessary.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maryam Samavaki
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland.
| | - Yusuf Oluwatoki Yusuf
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland; Aix Marseille Univ, CNRS, Centrale Marseille, Institut Fresnel, Marseille, France
| | - Arash Zarrin Nia
- Faculty of Mathematics, K. N. Toosi University of Technology, Mirdamad Blvd, No. 470, Tehran, 1676-53381, Iran
| | - Santtu Söderholm
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland
| | - Joonas Lahtinen
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland
| | - Fernando Galaz Prieto
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland
| | - Sampsa Pursiainen
- Mathematics, Computing Sciences, Tampere University, Korkeakoulunkatu 1, Tampere University, 33014, Finland
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Yu Q, Ouyang M, Detre J, Kang H, Hu D, Hong B, Fang F, Peng Y, Huang H. Infant brain regional cerebral blood flow increases supporting emergence of the default-mode network. eLife 2023; 12:e78397. [PMID: 36693116 PMCID: PMC9873253 DOI: 10.7554/elife.78397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2022] [Accepted: 01/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Human infancy is characterized by most rapid regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) increases across lifespan and emergence of a fundamental brain system default-mode network (DMN). However, how infant rCBF changes spatiotemporally across the brain and how the rCBF increase supports emergence of functional networks such as DMN remains unknown. Here, by acquiring cutting-edge multi-modal MRI including pseudo-continuous arterial-spin-labeled perfusion MRI and resting-state functional MRI of 48 infants cross-sectionally, we elucidated unprecedented 4D spatiotemporal infant rCBF framework and region-specific physiology-function coupling across infancy. We found that faster rCBF increases in the DMN than visual and sensorimotor networks. We also found strongly coupled increases of rCBF and network strength specifically in the DMN, suggesting faster local blood flow increase to meet extraneuronal metabolic demands in the DMN maturation. These results offer insights into the physiological mechanism of brain functional network emergence and have important implications in altered network maturation in brain disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qinlin Yu
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Minhui Ouyang
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - John Detre
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Neurology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
| | - Huiying Kang
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Di Hu
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Bo Hong
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Tsinghua UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Fang Fang
- School of Psychological and Cognitive Sciences, Peking UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Yun Peng
- Department of Radiology, Beijing Children’s Hospital, Capital Medical UniversityBeijingChina
| | - Hao Huang
- Department of Radiology, Children’s Hospital of PhiladelphiaPhiladelphiaUnited States
- Department of Radiology, Perelman School of Medicine, University of PennsylvaniaPhiladelphiaUnited States
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Troudi A, Tensaouti F, Baudou E, Péran P, Laprie A. Arterial Spin Labeling Perfusion in Pediatric Brain Tumors: A Review of Techniques, Quality Control, and Quantification. Cancers (Basel) 2022; 14:4734. [PMID: 36230655 PMCID: PMC9564035 DOI: 10.3390/cancers14194734] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 09/24/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Arterial spin labeling (ASL) is a magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) technique for measuring cerebral blood flow (CBF). This noninvasive technique has added a new dimension to the study of several pediatric tumors before, during, and after treatment, be it surgery, radiotherapy, or chemotherapy. However, ASL has three drawbacks, namely, a low signal-to-noise-ratio, a minimum acquisition time of 3 min, and limited spatial summarize current resolution. This technique requires quality control before ASL-CBF maps can be extracted and before any clinical investigations can be conducted. In this review, we describe ASL perfusion principles and techniques, summarize the most recent advances in CBF quantification, report technical advances in ASL (resting-state fMRI ASL, BOLD fMRI coupled with ASL), set out guidelines for ASL quality control, and describe studies related to ASL-CBF perfusion and qualitative and semi-quantitative ASL weighted-map quantification, in healthy children and those with pediatric brain tumors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Abir Troudi
- Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), INSERM-University of Toulouse Paul Sebatier, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Fatima Tensaouti
- Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), INSERM-University of Toulouse Paul Sebatier, 31300 Toulouse, France
- Radiation Oncology Department, Claudius Regaud Institute, Toulouse University Cancer Institute-Oncopole, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Eloise Baudou
- Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), INSERM-University of Toulouse Paul Sebatier, 31300 Toulouse, France
- Pediatric Neurology Department, Children’s Hospital, Toulouse University Hospital, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Patrice Péran
- Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), INSERM-University of Toulouse Paul Sebatier, 31300 Toulouse, France
| | - Anne Laprie
- Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center (ToNIC), INSERM-University of Toulouse Paul Sebatier, 31300 Toulouse, France
- Radiation Oncology Department, Claudius Regaud Institute, Toulouse University Cancer Institute-Oncopole, 31300 Toulouse, France
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6
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Developmental coupling of cerebral blood flow and fMRI fluctuations in youth. Cell Rep 2022; 38:110576. [PMID: 35354053 PMCID: PMC9006592 DOI: 10.1016/j.celrep.2022.110576] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2021] [Revised: 02/03/2022] [Accepted: 03/04/2022] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The functions of the human brain are metabolically expensive and reliant on coupling between cerebral blood flow (CBF) and neural activity, yet how this coupling evolves over development remains unexplored. Here, we examine the relationship between CBF, measured by arterial spin labeling, and the amplitude of low-frequency fluctuations (ALFF) from resting-state magnetic resonance imaging across a sample of 831 children (478 females, aged 8-22 years) from the Philadelphia Neurodevelopmental Cohort. We first use locally weighted regressions on the cortical surface to quantify CBF-ALFF coupling. We relate coupling to age, sex, and executive functioning with generalized additive models and assess network enrichment via spin testing. We demonstrate regionally specific changes in coupling over age and show that variations in coupling are related to biological sex and executive function. Our results highlight the importance of CBF-ALFF coupling throughout development; we discuss its potential as a future target for the study of neuropsychiatric diseases.
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7
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Chen YW, Wengler K, He X, Canli T. Individual Differences in Cerebral Perfusion as a Function of Age and Loneliness. Exp Aging Res 2022; 48:1-23. [PMID: 34036895 PMCID: PMC8617054 DOI: 10.1080/0361073x.2021.1929748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Loneliness is defined as the subjective feeling that one's social needs are not satisfied by both quantity and quality of one's social relationships. Loneliness has been linked to a broad range of adverse physical and mental health consequences. There is an interest in identifying the neural and molecular processes by which loneliness adversely affects health. Prior imaging studies reported divergent networks involved in cognitive, emotional, and social processes associated with loneliness. Although loneliness is common among both younger and older adults, it is experienced differently across the lifespan and has different antecedents and consequences. The current study measured regional cerebral blood flow (CBF) using pulsed arterial spin labeling imaging. Forty-five older (Mage = 63.4) and forty-four younger adults (Mage = 20.9) with comparable degrees of loneliness were included. Whole-brain voxel-wise analysis revealed a main effect of age (in superior temporal and supramarginal gyri), but no main effect of loneliness. Furthermore, the age effect was only observed among people who reported higher level of loneliness. These regions have previously been implicated in social- and attention-related functions. The moderation of loneliness on age and regional CBF suggests that younger and older individuals present differential neural manifestations in response to loneliness, even with comparable levels of loneliness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yen-Wen Chen
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY,Corresponding author: Yen-Wen Chen, Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Psychology B Building, Room 325, Stony Brook, NY 11794-2500, USA.
| | - Kenneth Wengler
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Xiang He
- Department of Radiology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
| | - Turhan Canli
- Department of Psychology, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY,Department of Psychiatry, Stony Brook University, Stony Brook, NY
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Aghjayan SL, Stillman CM, El Nokali NE, Watt JC, Richards EA, Bertocci MA, Erickson KI, Rofey DL. Differences in adolescent cerebral perfusion as a function of obesity: Results from the FLEX-Brain study. Obesity (Silver Spring) 2021; 29:1171-1177. [PMID: 34159758 DOI: 10.1002/oby.23186] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2020] [Revised: 03/15/2021] [Accepted: 03/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Children and adolescents have greater resting cerebral blood flow (rCBF) during periods of rapid brain growth. Overweight and obesity have a global impact on brain cerebrovascular health in adults, but whether these effects are discernable in adolescents with overweight and obesity remains unknown. This study examined differences in rCBF between adolescents with a healthy weight (HW) and adolescents with overweight or obesity (OW). METHODS The current study focused on analyzing data from 58 participants (mean age = 15.43 [SD 1.37] years). Participants were classified into OW (n = 38) and HW groups (n = 20) according to the Centers for Disease Control and Prevention's guidelines for children. Voxelwise t tests between the HW and OW groups were conducted to test for regional group differences in rCBF, controlling for age and sex. Mean rCBF was extracted from a gray matter mask to compare global rCBF between the HW and OW groups. RESULTS The HW group had greater rCBF compared with the OW group in five clusters, with peaks in the cerebellum, precentral gyrus, and supplementary motor area. No clusters survived correction for the OW > HW contrast. Global rCBF did not significantly differ between the groups (p = 0.09). CONCLUSIONS These results suggest that overweight and obesity in adolescence are associated with discernable reductions in blood flow to specific brain regions rather than having a global impact on rCBF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarah L Aghjayan
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Chelsea M Stillman
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Nermeen E El Nokali
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Jennifer C Watt
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Emily A Richards
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Michele A Bertocci
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
| | - Kirk I Erickson
- Department of Psychology, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Center for the Neural Basis of Cognition, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
- Exercise Science, College of Science, Health, Engineering and Education, Murdoch University, Perth, Australia
| | - Dana L Rofey
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania, USA
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Kim JH, Taylor AJ, Wang DJJ, Zou X, Ress D. Dynamics of the cerebral blood flow response to brief neural activity in human visual cortex. J Cereb Blood Flow Metab 2020; 40:1823-1837. [PMID: 31429358 PMCID: PMC7446561 DOI: 10.1177/0271678x19869034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2018] [Revised: 07/15/2019] [Accepted: 07/17/2019] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
The blood oxygen-level dependent (BOLD) functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) signal depends on an interplay of cerebral blood flow (CBF), oxygen metabolism, and cerebral blood volume. Despite wide usage of BOLD fMRI, it is not clear how these physiological components create the BOLD signal. Here, baseline CBF and its dynamics evoked by a brief stimulus (2 s) in human visual cortex were measured at 3T. We found a stereotypical CBF response: immediate increase, rising to a peak a few second after the stimulus, followed by a significant undershoot. The BOLD hemodynamic response function (HRF) was also measured in the same session. Strong correlations between HRF and CBF peak responses indicate that the flow responses evoked by neural activation in nearby gray matter drive the early HRF. Remarkably, peak CBF and HRF were also strongly modulated by baseline perfusion. The CBF undershoot was reliable and significantly correlated with the HRF undershoot. However, late-time dynamics of the HRF and CBF suggest that oxygen metabolism can also contribute to the HRF undershoot. Combined measurement of the CBF and HRF for brief neural activation is a useful tool to understand the temporal dynamics of neurovascular and neurometabolic coupling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jung Hwan Kim
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Amanda J Taylor
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Danny JJ Wang
- Laboratory of FMRI Technology (LOFT), Stevens Neuroimaging and Informatics Institute, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Xiaowei Zou
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - David Ress
- Department of Neuroscience, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
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10
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Aberrant resting-state cerebral blood flow and its connectivity in primary dysmenorrhea on arterial spin labeling MRI. Magn Reson Imaging 2020; 73:84-90. [PMID: 32750444 DOI: 10.1016/j.mri.2020.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2020] [Revised: 07/25/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aimed to clarify the resting-state cerebral blood flow alteration patterns induced by primary dysmenorrhea, investigate the relationships between cerebral blood flow alterations and clinical parameters of patients with primary dysmenorrhea, and explore whether brain regions with abnormal cerebral blood flow also feature functional connectivity changes. METHODS Arterial spin labeling imaging and clinical parameters were acquired in 42 patients with primary dysmenorrhea and 41 healthy controls during their menstrual phases. Differences in cerebral blood flow were compared between the two groups, and the clusters with significant group differences were selected as the regions of interest for further statistical analyses. RESULTS Compared to healthy controls, patients with primary dysmenorrhea exhibited increased cerebral blood flow in the bilateral precuneus, left posterior cingulate cortex, and right rolandic operculum. Among patients with primary dysmenorrhea, we identified a negative correlation between the cerebral blood flow in the right rolandic operculum and the visual analogue score for anxiety, and greater correlation between the functional connectivity in the precuneus/posterior cingulate cortex and the right middle cingulate cortex, and between the right rolandic operculum and the left inferior parietal lobule and the bilateral postcentral gyrus. DISCUSSION Cerebral blood flow abnormalities associated with primary dysmenorrhea were mainly concentrated in the areas comprising the default mode network in primary dysmenorrhea patients, which could be involved in the central mechanism of primary dysmenorrhea. Cerebral blood flow alteration in the rolandic operculum may underlie an anxiety-induced compulsive tendency in patients with primary dysmenorrhea. Investigating the enhanced connectivity among various pain-related brain regions could improve understanding of the onset and development of primary dysmenorrhea.
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Paniukov D, Lebel RM, Giesbrecht G, Lebel C. Cerebral blood flow increases across early childhood. Neuroimage 2020; 204:116224. [PMID: 31561017 DOI: 10.1016/j.neuroimage.2019.116224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 06/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/23/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Adequate cerebral blood flow (CBF) is essential to proper brain development and function. Detailed characterization of CBF developmental trajectories will lead to better understanding of the development of cognitive, motor, and sensory functions, as well as behaviour in children. Previous studies have shown CBF increases during infancy and decreases during adolescence; however, the trajectories during childhood, and in particular the timing of peak CBF, remain unclear. Here, we used arterial spin labeling to map age-related changes of CBF across a large longitudinal sample that included 279 scans on 96 participants (46 girls and 50 boys) aged 2-7 years. CBF maps were analyzed using hierarchical linear regression for every voxel inside the grey matter mask, controlling for multiple comparisons. The results revealed a significant positive linear association between CBF and age in distributed brain regions including prefrontal, temporal, parietal, and occipital cortex, and in the cerebellum. There were no differences in developmental trajectories between males and females. Our findings show that CBF continues to increase until the age of 7 years, likely supporting ongoing improvements in behaviour, cognition, motor, and sensory functions in early childhood.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dmitrii Paniukov
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Canada; Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute at Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - R Marc Lebel
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute at Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; GE Healthcare, Calgary, Canada
| | - Gerald Giesbrecht
- Department of Pediatrics, University of Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute at Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada
| | - Catherine Lebel
- Department of Radiology, University of Calgary, Canada; Alberta Children's Hospital Research Institute at Alberta Children's Hospital, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada; Hotchkiss Brain Institute, Cumming School of Medicine, University of Calgary, Canada.
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Krishnamurthy R, Wang DJJ, Cervantes B, McAllister A, Nelson E, Karampinos DC, Hu HH. Recent Advances in Pediatric Brain, Spine, and Neuromuscular Magnetic Resonance Imaging Techniques. Pediatr Neurol 2019; 96:7-23. [PMID: 31023603 DOI: 10.1016/j.pediatrneurol.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2018] [Revised: 02/25/2019] [Accepted: 03/03/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) is a powerful radiologic tool with the ability to generate a variety of proton-based signal contrast from tissues. Owing to this immense flexibility in signal generation, new MRI techniques are constantly being developed, tested, and optimized for clinical utility. In addition, the safe and nonionizing nature of MRI makes it a suitable modality for imaging in children. In this review article, we summarize a few of the most popular advances in MRI techniques in recent years. In particular, we highlight how these new developments have affected brain, spine, and neuromuscular imaging and focus on their applications in pediatric patients. In the first part of the review, we discuss new approaches such as multiphase and multidelay arterial spin labeling for quantitative perfusion and angiography of the brain, amide proton transfer MRI of the brain, MRI of brachial plexus and lumbar plexus nerves (i.e., neurography), and T2 mapping and fat characterization in neuromuscular diseases. In the second part of the review, we focus on describing new data acquisition strategies in accelerated MRI aimed collectively at reducing the scan time, including simultaneous multislice imaging, compressed sensing, synthetic MRI, and magnetic resonance fingerprinting. In discussing the aforementioned, the review also summarizes the advantages and disadvantages of each method and their current state of commercial availability from MRI vendors.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Danny J J Wang
- Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, California
| | - Barbara Cervantes
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
| | | | - Eric Nelson
- Center for Biobehavioral Health, Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, Ohio
| | - Dimitrios C Karampinos
- Department of Diagnostic and Interventional Radiology, Technische Universität München, Munich, Germany
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Multi-phase 3D arterial spin labeling brain MRI in assessing cerebral blood perfusion and arterial transit times in children at 3T. Clin Imaging 2018; 53:210-220. [PMID: 30439588 DOI: 10.1016/j.clinimag.2018.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Revised: 10/10/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND 3D pseudocontinuous arterial spin labeling (pCASL) with a single post-labeling delay time is commonly used to measure cerebral blood flow (CBF). Multi-phase pCASL has been developed to simultaneously estimate CBF and arterial transit time (ATT). PURPOSE To evaluate the clinical feasibility of multi-phase 3D pCASL in pediatric patients, and to compare the estimation of ATT and CBF via linear weighted-delay and traditional non-linear iterative curve-fitting routines. MATERIAL & METHODS Forty patients (average age: 8.6 y, 5 d-22.4 y) referred for routine brain MRI underwent additional 5-7 min of pCASL scans at 3T using 5 PLDs between 300 and 2300 ms. Data were post-processed by two algorithms for estimating CBF and ATT. Average CBF and ATT values were computed for vascular territories including the anterior, middle and posterior cerebral arteries as well as regions based on the Alberta Stroke Program Early CT Score template. Pearson correlation coefficients and linear regression were used for statistical analysis. The clinical value of multi-phase CASL was evaluated by a neuroradiologist based on asymmetric CBF and ATT maps in patients. RESULTS All pCASL scans were successfully completed, generating diagnostic results. CBF computed from weighted-delay and curve-fitting methods agreed strongly, with Pearson correlation coefficients ranging from 0.97-0.99 across the measured regions (p < 0.05). Correlation coefficients for ATT ranged from 0.87-0.96 (p < 0.05). CBF and ATT maps were found to add valuable information to clinical diagnosis in 17 of 40 pediatric patients. CONCLUSION Our preliminary results demonstrate the feasibility and potential clinical utility of multi-phase pCASL for simultaneous CBF and ATT quantification in pediatric patients.
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O'Neill J. Trajectories of normal cerebral blood flow development in youth. Commentary on: Liu et al. Resting state cerebral blood flow with arterial spin labeling MRI in developing human brains. Eur J Paediatr Neurol 2018; 22:582-583. [PMID: 29887415 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpn.2018.05.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Joseph O'Neill
- UCLA Semel Institute for Neuroscience, Division of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 760 Westwood Plaza, Los Angeles, CA 90024, United States.
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