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Gengji J, Gong T, Zhang Z, Deng L, Fu Y. Imaging techniques for studying solid dosage formulation: Principles and applications. J Control Release 2023; 361:659-670. [PMID: 37567508 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2023.08.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2023] [Revised: 08/04/2023] [Accepted: 08/08/2023] [Indexed: 08/13/2023]
Abstract
Classic methods for evaluating the disintegration and dissolution kinetics of solid dosage forms are no longer sufficient to meet the growing demands in the pharmaceutical field. Hence, scientists have turned to imaging techniques and computer technology to develop innovative visualization methods. These methods allow for a visual understanding of the disintegration or dissolution process and offer valuable insights into the drug release kinetics. This article aims to provide an overview of the commonly used imaging techniques and their applications in studying the disintegration or dissolution of solid dosage forms. Therefore, imaging presents a novel and alternative approach to understanding the mechanisms of disintegration and dissolution in the formulation study of solid dosages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiajia Gengji
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Tao Gong
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zhirong Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Li Deng
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China..
| | - Yao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Drug-Targeting and Drug Delivery System of the Education Ministry and Sichuan Province, Sichuan Engineering Laboratory for Plant-Sourced Drug and Sichuan Research Center for Drug Precision Industrial Technology, West China School of Pharmacy, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China..
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2
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Vasileiadou AC, Karageorgos FF, Kiparissides C. Model-based Optimization of Drug Release Rate from a Size Distributed Population of Biodegradable Polymer Carriers. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2023; 186:112-131. [PMID: 36870398 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2023.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2023] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/06/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, a comprehensive polymer degradation-drug diffusion model is developed to describe the polymer degradation kinetics and quantify the release rate of an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) from a size-distributed population of drug-loaded poly(lactic-co-glycolic) acid (PLGA) carriers in terms of material and morphological properties of the drug carriers. To take into account the spatial-temporal variation of the drug and water diffusion coefficients, three new correlations are developed in terms of spatial-temporal variation of the molecular weight of the degrading polymer chains. The first one relates the diffusion coefficients with the time-spatial variation of the molecular weight of PLGA and initial drug loading and, the second one with the initial particle size, and the third one with evolution of the particle porosity due to polymer degradation. The derived model, comprising a system of partial differential and algebraic equations, is numerically solved using the method of lines and validated against published experimental data on the drug release rate from a size distributed population of piroxicam-PLGA microspheres. Finally, a multi-parametric optimization problem is formulated to calculate the optimal particle size and drug loading distributions of drug-loaded PLGA carriers to realize a desired zero-order drug release rate of a therapeutic drug over a specified administration period of several weeks. It is envisaged that the proposed model-based optimization approach will aid the optimal design of new controlled drug delivery systems and, consequently, the therapeutic outcome of an administered drug.
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Affiliation(s)
- Athina C Vasileiadou
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Filippos F Karageorgos
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - Costas Kiparissides
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, 54124 Thessaloniki, Greece; Chemical Process & Energy Resources Institute, Centre for Research and Technology Hellas, P.O. Box 60361, 57001 Thessaloniki, Greece.
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3
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Interplay of Hydropathy and Heterogeneous Diffusion in the Molecular Transport within Lamellar Lipid Mesophases. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15:pharmaceutics15020573. [PMID: 36839895 PMCID: PMC9959094 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020573] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2022] [Revised: 01/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/03/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Lipid mesophases are being intensively studied as potential candidates for drug-delivery purposes. Extensive experimental characterization has unveiled a wide palette of release features depending on the nature of the host lipids and of the guest molecule, as well as on the environmental conditions. However, only a few simulation works have addressed the matter, which hampers a solid rationalization of the richness of outcomes observed in experiments. Particularly, to date, there are no theoretical works addressing the impact of hydropathy on the transport of a molecule within lipid mesophases, despite the significant fraction of hydrophobic molecules among currently-available drugs. Similarly, the high heterogeneity of water mobility in the nanoscopic channels within lipid mesophases has also been neglected. To fill this gap, we introduce here a minimal model to account for these features in a lamellar geometry, and systematically study the role played by hydropathy and water-mobility heterogeneity by Brownian-dynamics simulations. We unveil a fine interplay between the presence of free-energy barriers, the affinity of the drug for the lipids, and the reduced mobility of water in determining the net molecular transport. More in general, our work is an instance of how multiscale simulations can be fruitfully employed to assist experiments in release systems based on lipid mesophases.
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Ryu JH, Roh J, Mangal U, Kim KM, Choi SH, Kwon JS. Novel Osteogenic and Easily Handled Endodontic Calcium Silicate Cement Using Pluronic F127 Hydrogel. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 15:6919. [PMID: 36234260 PMCID: PMC9570614 DOI: 10.3390/ma15196919] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 10/03/2022] [Accepted: 10/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Calcium silicate cement (CSC) is widely used as an endodontic material in clinical applications such as direct pulp capping, pulpotomy, or root canal. CSC has good biocompatibility, sealing properties, and the ability to enhance hard tissue regeneration. However, the disadvantage of CSC is the difficulty in handling when placing it into endodontic tissue due to the long setting time. Several attempts have been made to improve handling of CSC; however, these methods were limited by osteogenic properties. To overcome such a disadvantage, this study investigated the use of Pluronic F127 (F127) for the development easy-to-handle novel endodontic CSCs with osteogenic properties. In this case, different concentrations of F127 (5%, 10%, 20%, 30%, and 40%) were implemented to generate CSC specimens H5, H10, H20, H30, and H40, respectively. Calcium ion was continuously released for 28 days. In addition, each group resulted in apatite formation for 28 days corresponding to calcium ion release. The concentration of F127 showed opposite relationships with water solubility and compressive strength. The H20 group showed a high level of osteogenic activity compared to other groups at 14 days. Mineralization of the H20 group was higher than that of the other groups. This study indicates that the novel F127-based hydrogel with CSC can potentially be used as endodontic filler.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeong-Hyun Ryu
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03772, Korea
| | - Jiyeon Roh
- Forensic Science Training and R&D Center, National Forensic Service, Wonju 26460, Korea
| | - Utkarsh Mangal
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03772, Korea
| | - Kwang-Mahn Kim
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03772, Korea
| | - Sung-Hwan Choi
- Department of Orthodontics, Institute of Craniofacial Deformity, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03772, Korea
| | - Jae-Sung Kwon
- Department and Research Institute of Dental Biomaterials and Bioengineering, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03772, Korea
- BK21 PLUS Project, Yonsei University College of Dentistry, Seoul 03772, Korea
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5
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Bock F, Bøtker JP, Larsen SW, Lu X, Østergaard J. Methodological Considerations in Development of UV Imaging for Characterization of Intra-Tumoral Injectables Using cAMP as a Model Substance. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23073599. [PMID: 35408971 PMCID: PMC8998202 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23073599] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2022] [Revised: 03/17/2022] [Accepted: 03/23/2022] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A UV imaging release-testing setup comprising an agarose gel as a model for tumorous tissue was developed. The setup was optimized with respect to agarose concentration (0.5% (w/v)), injection procedure, and temperature control. A repeatable injection protocol was established allowing injection into cavities with well-defined geometries. The effective resolution of the SDi2 UV imaging system is 30-80 µm. The linear range of the imaging system is less than that of typical spectrophotometers. Consequently, non-linear cAMP calibration curves were applied for quantification at 280 nm. The degree of deviation from Beer's law was affected by the background absorbance of the gel matrix. MATLAB scripts provided hitherto missing flexibility with respect to definition and utilization of quantification zones, contour lines facilitating visualization, and automated, continuous data analysis. Various release patterns were observed for an aqueous solution and in situ forming Pluronic F127 hydrogel and PLGA implants containing cAMP as a model for STING ligands. The UV imaging and MATLAB data analysis setup constituted a significant technical development in terms of visualizing behavior for injectable formulations intended for intra-tumoral delivery, and, thereby, a step toward establishment of a bio-predictive in vitro release-testing method.
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Affiliation(s)
- Frederik Bock
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (F.B.); (J.P.B.); (S.W.L.)
| | - Johan Peter Bøtker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (F.B.); (J.P.B.); (S.W.L.)
| | - Susan Weng Larsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (F.B.); (J.P.B.); (S.W.L.)
| | - Xujin Lu
- Bristol Myers Squibb Company, Drug Product Development, 1 Squibb Drive, New Brunswick, NJ 08901, USA;
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark; (F.B.); (J.P.B.); (S.W.L.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +45-35336138
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6
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Wenger L, Hubbuch J. Investigation of Lysozyme Diffusion in Agarose Hydrogels Employing a Microfluidics-Based UV Imaging Approach. Front Bioeng Biotechnol 2022; 10:849271. [PMID: 35350183 PMCID: PMC8957962 DOI: 10.3389/fbioe.2022.849271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2022] [Accepted: 02/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hydrogels are polymer-based materials with a high water content. Due to their biocompatible and cell-friendly nature, they play a major role in a variety of biotechnological applications. For many of these applications, diffusibility is an essential property influencing the choice of material. We present an approach to estimate diffusion coefficients in hydrogels based on absorbance measurements of a UV area imaging system. A microfluidic chip with a y-junction was employed to generate a fluid-hydrogel interface and the diffusion of lysozyme from the fluid into the hydrogel phase was monitored. Employing automated image and data processing, analyte concentration profiles were generated from the absorbance measurements and fits with an analytical solution of Fick’s second law of diffusion were applied to estimate diffusion coefficients. As a case study, the diffusion of lysozyme in hydrogels made from different concentrations (0.5–1.5% (w/w)) of an unmodified and a low-melt agarose was investigated. The estimated diffusion coefficients for lysozyme were between 0.80 ± 0.04×10−10 m2 s−1 for 1.5% (w/w) low-melt agarose and 1.14 ± 0.02×10−10 m2 s−1 for 0.5% (w/w) unmodified agarose. The method proved sensitive enough to resolve significant differences between the diffusion coefficients in different concentrations and types of agarose. The microfluidic approach offers low consumption of analyte and hydrogel and requires only relatively simple instrumentation.
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7
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Drug diffusion in biomimetic hydrogels: importance for drug transport and delivery in non-vascular tumor tissue. Eur J Pharm Sci 2022; 172:106150. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2022.106150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/15/2021] [Revised: 01/25/2022] [Accepted: 02/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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8
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Gong X, Luo M, Wang M, Niu W, Wang Y, Lei B. Injectable self-healing ceria-based nanocomposite hydrogel with ROS-scavenging activity for skin wound repair. Regen Biomater 2021; 9:rbab074. [PMID: 35449829 PMCID: PMC9017367 DOI: 10.1093/rb/rbab074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2021] [Revised: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 11/02/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Excessive reactive oxygen species (ROS) in the injured skin may impede the wound repair and skin regeneration. Herein, we develop an injectable self-healing ceria-based nanocomposite hydrogel with ROS-scavenging activity to accelerate wound healing. The nanocomposite hydrogels were successfully prepared by coating cerium oxide nanorods with polyethylenimine and crosslinked with benzaldehyde-terminated F127 (F127-CHO) through the dynamic Schiff-base reaction (FVEC hydrogel). The results showed that the FVEC hydrogel possessed the good thermosensitivity, injectability, self-healing ability and ROS scavenging activity. The subcutaneous implantation experiments in mice confirmed that FVEC hydrogels are biocompatible and biodegradable in vivo. The full-thickness skin wound studies showed that FVEC hydrogel could significantly enhance the wound healing and epithelium regeneration with the formation of hair follicle and adipocyte tissue. This work provides a new strategy for the development of multifunctional Ce-based nanocomposite hydrogel for full-thickness skin wound healing and regeneration.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xueyun Gong
- School of Medicine, Henan Polytechnic University, Jiaozuo 454000, China
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Meng Luo
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Min Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Wen Niu
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Yidan Wang
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
| | - Bo Lei
- Frontier Institute of Science and Technology, Xi’an Jiaotong University, Xi’an 710054, China
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9
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Poloxamer 407-Based Thermosensitive Emulgel as a Novel Formulation Providing a Controlled Release of Oil-Soluble Pharmaceuticals-Ibuprofen Case Study. MATERIALS 2021; 14:ma14237266. [PMID: 34885421 PMCID: PMC8658182 DOI: 10.3390/ma14237266] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2021] [Revised: 11/22/2021] [Accepted: 11/23/2021] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
This article covers the design and evaluation of a novel drug vehicle: a thermosensitive, injectable, high-oil-content (50% w/w) emulgel providing a controlled release of lipophilic pharmaceuticals. Different vegetable (castor, canola, olive, peanut, grapeseed, linseed), mineral (paraffin) and semisynthetic (isopropyl myristate, oleic acid) oils were screened for ibuprofen (IBU) solubility and for their capacity for high-shear emulsification in a 17% (w/w) aqueous solution of poloxamer 407. Chosen emulgels were subject to a rheological evaluation, a syringeability test (TA.XT texture analyser; 2 mL syringe; 18 G, 20 G and 22 G needles) and a drug release study (48 h; cellulose membrane; 0.05 mol/L phosphate buffer at pH 7.4). Castor oil turned out to be an optimal component for IBU incorporation. Blank and drug-loaded castor oil emulgels were susceptible to administration via a syringe and needle, with the absolute injection force not exceeding 3 kg (29.4 N). The drug release test revealed dose-dependent, quasi-linear kinetics, with up to 44 h of controlled, steady, linear release. The results indicate the significant potential of high-oil-content, oil-in-water thermosensitive emulgel formulations as vehicles for the controlled release of lipophilic APIs.
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10
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PF-127 based vildagliptin loaded polymeric hydrogels prepared by aqueous polymerization technique for treatment of diabetes mellitus. JOURNAL OF POLYMER RESEARCH 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10965-021-02747-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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11
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Brown B, Ward A, Fazili Z, Østergaard J, Asare-Addo K. Application of UV dissolution imaging to pharmaceutical systems. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2021; 177:113949. [PMID: 34461199 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2021.113949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2021] [Revised: 08/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/23/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
UV-vis spectrometry is widely used in the pharmaceutical sciences for compound quantification, alone or in conjunction with separation techniques, due to most drug entities possessing a chromophore absorbing light in the range 190-800 nm. UV dissolution imaging, the scope of this review, generates spatially and temporally resolved absorbance maps by exploiting the UV absorbance of the analyte. This review aims to give an introduction to UV dissolution imaging and its use in the determination of intrinsic dissolution rates and drug release from whole dosage forms. Applications of UV imaging to non-oral formulations have started to emerge and are reviewed together with the possibility of utilizing UV imaging for physical chemical characterisation of drug substances. The benefits of imaging drug diffusion and transport processes are also discussed.
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12
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Zini J, Kekkonen J, Kaikkonen VA, Laaksonen T, Keränen P, Talala T, Mäkynen AJ, Yliperttula M, Nissinen I. Drug diffusivities in nanofibrillar cellulose hydrogel by combined time-resolved Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy. J Control Release 2021; 334:367-375. [PMID: 33930478 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2021.04.032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 04/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Hydrogels, natural and synthetic origin, are actively studied for their use for implants and payload carriers. These biomaterials for delivery systems have enormous potential in basic biomedical research, drug development, and long-term delivery of biologics. Nanofibrillated cellulose (NFC) hydrogels, both natural and anionic (ANFC) ones, allow drug loading for immediate and controlled release via the slow drug dissolution of solid drug crystals into hydrogel and its subsequent release. This property makes NFC originated hydrogels an interesting non-toxic and non-human origin material as drug reservoir for long-term controlled release formulation or implant for patient care. A compelling tool for studying NFC hydrogels is Raman spectroscopy, which enables to resolve the chemical structures of different molecules in a high-water content like hydrogels, since Raman spectroscopy is insensitive to water molecules. That offers real time investigation of label-free drugs and their release in high-water-content media. Despite the huge potential of Raman spectroscopy in bio-pharmaceutical applications, the strong fluorescence background of many drug samples masking the faint Raman signal has restricted the widespread use of it. In this study we used a Raman spectrometer capable of suppressing the unpleasant fluorescence background by combining a pulsed laser and time-resolved complementary metal-oxide-semiconductor (CMOS) single-photon avalanche diode (SPAD) line sensor for the label-free investigation of Metronidazole and Vitamin C diffusivities in ANFC. The results show the possibility to modulate the ANFC-based implants and drug delivery systems, when the release rate needs to be set to a desired value. More importantly, the now developed label free real-time method is universal and can be adapted to any hydrogel/drug combination for producing reliable drug diffusion coefficient data in complex and heterogeneous systems, where traditional sampling-based methods are cumbersome to use. The wide temporal range of the time-resolved CMOS SPAD sensors makes it possible to capture also the fluorescence decay of samples, giving rise to a combined time-resolved Raman and fluorescence spectroscopy, which provides additional information on the chemical, functional and structural changes in samples.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacopo Zini
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Jere Kekkonen
- Circuits and Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Ville A Kaikkonen
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Timo Laaksonen
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Pekka Keränen
- Circuits and Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Tuomo Talala
- Circuits and Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Anssi J Mäkynen
- Optoelectronics and Measurement Techniques Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
| | - Marjo Yliperttula
- Division of Pharmaceutical Biosciences, Drug Research Program, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Helsinki, 00014 Helsinki, Finland.
| | - Ilkka Nissinen
- Circuits and Systems Research Unit, University of Oulu, 90014 Oulu, Finland.
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13
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He S, Jacobsen J, Nielsen CU, Genina N, Østergaard J, Mu H. Exploration of in vitro drug release testing methods for saquinavir microenvironmental pH modifying buccal films. Eur J Pharm Sci 2021; 163:105867. [PMID: 33951482 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2021.105867] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2021] [Revised: 04/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Buccal films containing a pH modifying excipient may be able to increase bioavailability of drugs with pH-dependent solubility such as saquinavir. Access to suitable in vitro drug release testing methods may facilitate buccal formulation development. This study aimed to explore two release testing methods for characterising buccal films and to elucidate the relationship between microenvironmental pH (pHM, i.e. the pH around the swelling films) and saquinavir release. The Franz diffusion cell method was applicable to investigate the effect of hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) grade on saquinavir release. Films containing HPMC K3 LV had a faster saquinavir release than films containing HPMC K100 LV. A UV/Vis imaging method was developed to visualise saquinavir release and pHM changes during the initial dissolution. Within 5 min, the pHM decreased from 6.8 to around 5.4 for HPMC K100 LV-based films containing 11.1 % or 16.6 % (w/w) malic acid. Subsequently, the pHM increased due to increasing concentrations of saquinavir. An increase in malic acid content led to a faster saquinavir release. The combination of methods may be broadly applicable for excipient screening in development of buccal formulations. The imaging approach holds promise for characterizing other pH modifying formulation principles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shaolong He
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jette Jacobsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Carsten Uhd Nielsen
- Department of Physics, Chemistry and Pharmacy, University of Southern Denmark, Campusvej 55, DK-5230 Odense M, Denmark
| | - Natalja Genina
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
| | - Huiling Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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14
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An investigation of drug compact topography as relates to intrinsic dissolution rates determined by dissolution imaging. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2020.102143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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15
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Li Z, Mu H, Larsen SW, Jensen H, Østergaard J. Initial Leuprolide Acetate Release from Poly(d,l-lactide-co-glycolide) in Situ Forming Implants as Studied by Ultraviolet–Visible Imaging. Mol Pharm 2020; 17:4522-4532. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.0c00625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhuoxuan Li
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Huiling Mu
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Susan Weng Larsen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100 København Ø, Denmark
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16
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Design and development of a novel fused filament fabrication (FFF) 3D printed diffusion cell with UV imaging capabilities to characterise permeation in pharmaceutical formulations. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2020; 152:202-209. [PMID: 32442737 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2020.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2020] [Revised: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
The present work aimed at designing and developing a novel 3D printed diffusion cell capable of UV imaging using the fused filament fabrication (FFF) method. UV imaging has proven to be very versatile in the area of pharmaceutics giving insights into various phenomena including the dissolution behaviour of dosage forms, intrinsic dissolution rates and the drug precipitation processes. A 3D printed diffusion cell in the similitude of a Franz cell was successfully printed using polylactic acid (PLA) filaments equipped with quartz for the imaging area. A model ibuprofen (IBU) gel formulation was tested by introducing the dosage form through the 3D printed donor compartment. The drug concentration permeated through the skin mimic (silicone membrane) was determined from the 3D printed receptor compartment using UV imaging in real-time. The results showed successful UV imaging of the permeation of IBU gel in the novel diffusion cell potentially negating further analytical testing such as the HPLC process required for Franz cell tests thereby reducing costs. Potential interactions between the drug and filament used in the 3D printed process suggests although this concept can be moved towards commercialisation, care should be taken with choice of filament used in the 3D printing process.
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Jahanmir G, Lau CML, Abdekhodaie MJ, Chau Y. Dual-Diffusivity Stochastic Model for Macromolecule Release from a Hydrogel. ACS APPLIED BIO MATERIALS 2020; 3:4208-4219. [DOI: 10.1021/acsabm.0c00293] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ghodsiehsadat Jahanmir
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365-11155, Iran
| | - Chi Ming Laurence Lau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
| | - Mohammad Jafar Abdekhodaie
- Department of Chemical and Petroleum Engineering, Sharif University of Technology, Tehran, 11365-11155, Iran
| | - Ying Chau
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, P.R. China
- The Hong Kong University of Science and Technology Shenzhen Institute, Shenzhen 518057, China
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Kamlungmak S, Rugmai S, Tinpun K, Nakpheng T, Srichana T. Phase behavior, in vitro drug release, and antibacterial activity of thermoresponsive
poloxamer–
polyvinyl alcohol hydrogel‐loaded mupirocin nanoparticles. J Appl Polym Sci 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/app.49325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sukanjana Kamlungmak
- Drug Delivery System Excellence CenterPrince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
- Department of the Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesPrince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
| | - Supagorn Rugmai
- Synchrotron Light Research Institute Nakhon Ratchasima Thailand
| | - Kittiya Tinpun
- Drug Delivery System Excellence CenterPrince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
| | - Titpawan Nakpheng
- Drug Delivery System Excellence CenterPrince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
| | - Teerapol Srichana
- Drug Delivery System Excellence CenterPrince of Songkla University Hat Yai Songkhla Thailand
- Department of the Pharmaceutical Technology, Faculty of Pharmaceutical SciencesPrince of Songkla University Hat Yai, Songkhla Thailand
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Rihawy M, Alzier A, Allaf A. Investigation of chloramphenicol release from PVA/CMC/HEA hydrogel using ion beam analysis, UV and FTIR techniques. Appl Radiat Isot 2019; 153:108806. [DOI: 10.1016/j.apradiso.2019.108806] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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20
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Preem L, Bock F, Hinnu M, Putrinš M, Sagor K, Tenson T, Meos A, Østergaard J, Kogermann K. Monitoring of Antimicrobial Drug Chloramphenicol Release from Electrospun Nano- and Microfiber Mats Using UV Imaging and Bacterial Bioreporters. Pharmaceutics 2019; 11:E487. [PMID: 31546922 PMCID: PMC6781501 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics11090487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2019] [Revised: 09/15/2019] [Accepted: 09/16/2019] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
Abstract
New strategies are continuously sought for the treatment of skin and wound infections due to increased problems with non-healing wounds. Electrospun nanofiber mats with antibacterial agents as drug delivery systems provide opportunities for the eradication of bacterial infections as well as wound healing. Antibacterial activities of such mats are directly linked with their drug release behavior. Traditional pharmacopoeial drug release testing settings are not always suitable for analyzing the release behavior of fiber mats intended for the local drug delivery. We tested and compared different drug release model systems for the previously characterized electrospun chloramphenicol (CAM)-loaded nanofiber (polycaprolactone (PCL)) and microfiber (PCL in combination with polyethylene oxide) mats with different drug release profiles. Drug release into buffer solution and hydrogel was investigated and drug concentration was determined using either high-performance liquid chromatography, ultraviolet-visible spectrophotometry, or ultraviolet (UV) imaging. The CAM release and its antibacterial effects in disc diffusion assay were assessed by bacterial bioreporters. All tested model systems enabled to study the drug release from electrospun mats. It was found that the release into buffer solution showed larger differences in the drug release rate between differently designed mats compared to the hydrogel release tests. The UV imaging method provided an insight into the interactions with an agarose hydrogel mimicking wound tissue, thus giving us information about early drug release from the mat. Bacterial bioreporters showed clear correlations between the drug release into gel and antibacterial activity of the electrospun CAM-loaded mats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Liis Preem
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Frederik Bock
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Mariliis Hinnu
- Institute of Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Marta Putrinš
- Institute of Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Kadi Sagor
- Institute of Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Tanel Tenson
- Institute of Technology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Andres Meos
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
- LEO Foundation Center for Cutaneous Drug Delivery, Department of Pharmacy, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
| | - Karin Kogermann
- Institute of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine, University of Tartu, Nooruse 1, 50411 Tartu, Estonia.
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Asare-Addo K, Alshafiee M, Walton K, Ward A, Totea AM, Taheri S, Mawla N, Adebisi AO, Elawad S, Diza C, Timmins P, Conway BR. Effect of preparation method on the surface properties and UV imaging of indomethacin solid dispersions. Eur J Pharm Biopharm 2019; 137:148-163. [PMID: 30836178 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejpb.2019.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2018] [Revised: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This work explores the use of UV imaging in solid dispersion systems. Solid dispersions are one of the common strategies used in improving the dissolution of poorly soluble drugs. Three manufacturing techniques (spray drying (SD), freeze drying (FD) and homogenising (HG)) are investigated. Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and X-Ray Powder Diffraction (XRPD) was used in characterising the solid dispersions. Advanced imaging was implemented to give an insight into how these solid dispersions performed. The DSC and XRPD results showed that all three methods and the various ratios studied produced amorphous solid dispersions. Ultra-Violet (UV) imaging of the pseudo Intrinsic Dissolution Rate (IDR) deduced only two samples to have superior pseudo IDR values to the IDR of the parent drug indomethacin (INDO). The whole dose imaging of the capsule formulation however showed all the samples (SD, FD and HG) to have superior dissolution to that of INDO which was in contrast to the IDR results. The UV images obtained from the determination of the pseudo IDR also showed a phenomenon the authors are reporting for the first time where increased polymer (Soluplus) content produced "web-like" strands that migrated to the top of the quartz cell which may have been responsible for the low pseudo IDR values. The authors also report for the first time using this UV imaging technique, the tip of a capsule coming off for drug to go into solution. The area under the curve suggested the best five samples dissolution wise to be 1:3 SD > 1:1 HG > 1:1 SD > 1:3 FD > 1:3 HG meaning a ratio of INDO to SOL in these dispersion of up to 1:3 being sufficient to produce significant dissolution increases. The developed interfacial (surface) area ratio (Sdr) highlighted how the surface area of the IDR compacts varied between the batches, in particular highlighting larger surface area gains for the FD and HG compacts. A choice of instrumentation/techniques to use in making solid dispersions may well come down to cost or instrument availability for a formulator as all three techniques were successful in improving the dissolution of indomethacin. This work thus highlights the importance of having both complimentary IDR and whole dosage imaging techniques in giving a better understanding of solid dispersion systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kofi Asare-Addo
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK.
| | - Maen Alshafiee
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Karl Walton
- EPSRC Future Metrology Hub, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Adam Ward
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Ana-Maria Totea
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Sadaf Taheri
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Nihad Mawla
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Adeola O Adebisi
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Sheima Elawad
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Chantel Diza
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Peter Timmins
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
| | - Barbara R Conway
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Huddersfield, Huddersfield HD1 3DH, UK
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Long CM, Tang K, Chokshi H, Fotaki N. Surface Dissolution UV Imaging for Investigation of Dissolution of Poorly Soluble Drugs and Their Amorphous Formulation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2019; 20:113. [PMID: 30761437 PMCID: PMC6394625 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-019-1317-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 01/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of this study is to investigate the dissolution properties of poorly soluble drugs from their pure form and their amorphous formulation under physiological relevant conditions for oral administration based on surface dissolution ultraviolet (UV) imaging. Dissolution of two poorly soluble drugs (cefuroxime axetil and itraconazole) and their amorphous formulations (Zinnat® and Sporanox®) was studied with the Sirius Surface Dissolution Imager (SDI). Media simulating the fasted state conditions (compendial and biorelevant) with sequential media/flow rate change were used. The dissolution mechanism of cefuroxime axetil in simulated gastric fluid (SGF), fasted state simulated gastric fluid (FaSSGF) and simulated intestinal fluid (SIF) is predominantly swelling as opposed to the convective flow in fasted state simulated intestinal fluid (FaSSIF-V1), attributed to the effect of mixed micelles. For the itraconazole compact in biorelevant media, a clear upward diffusion of the dissolved itraconazole into the bulk buffer solution is observed. Dissolution of itraconazole from the Sporanox® compact is affected by the polyethylene glycol (PEG) gelling layer and hydroxypropyl methylcellulose (HPMC) matrix, and a steady diffusional dissolution pattern is revealed. A visual representation and a quantitative assessment of dissolution properties of poorly soluble compounds and their amorphous formulation can be obtained with the use of surface dissolution imaging under in vivo relevant conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chiau Ming Long
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK
- Faculty of Pharmacy, Quest International University Perak, Ipoh, Perak, Malaysia
| | - Kin Tang
- Genentech, Inc., South San Francisco, California, USA
| | - Hitesh Chokshi
- Roche Pharma Research and Early Development, Roche Innovation Center, New York City, New York, USA
| | - Nikoletta Fotaki
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmacology, University of Bath, Claverton Down, Bath, BA2 7AY, UK.
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Haring AP, Tong Y, Halper J, Johnson BN. Programming of Multicomponent Temporal Release Profiles in 3D Printed Polypills via Core-Shell, Multilayer, and Gradient Concentration Profiles. Adv Healthc Mater 2018; 7:e1800213. [PMID: 29888441 DOI: 10.1002/adhm.201800213] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Revised: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Additive manufacturing (AM) appears poised to provide novel pharmaceutical technology and controlled release systems, yet understanding the effects of processing and post-processing operations on pill design, quality, and performance remains a significant barrier. This paper reports a study of the relationship between programmed concentration profile and resultant temporal release profile using a 3D printed polypill system consisting of a Food and Drug Administration (FDA) approved excipient (Pluronic F-127) and therapeutically relevant dosages of three commonly used oral agents for treatment of type 2 diabetes (300-500 mg per pill). A dual-extrusion hydrogel microextrusion process enables the programming of three unique concentration profiles, including core-shell, multilayer, and gradient structures. Experimental and computational studies of diffusive mass transfer processes reveal that programmed concentration profiles are dynamic throughout both pill 3D printing and solidification. Spectrophotometric assays show that the temporal release profiles could be selectively programmed to exhibit delayed, pulsed, or constant profiles over a 5 h release period by utilizing the core-shell, multilayer, and gradient distributions, respectively. Ultimately, this work provides new insights into the mass transfer processes that affect design, quality, and performance of spatially graded controlled release systems, as well as demonstrating the potential to create disease-specific polypill technology with programmable temporal release profiles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander P. Haring
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Macromolecules Innovation Institute Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Yuxin Tong
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Justin Halper
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
| | - Blake N. Johnson
- Department of Industrial and Systems Engineering Department of Chemical Engineering Department of Materials Science and Engineering Macromolecules Innovation Institute, Virginia Tech Blacksburg VA 24061 USA
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Yu M, Yao Q, Zhang Y, Chen H, He H, Zhang Y, Yin T, Tang X, Xu H. Core/shell PLGA microspheres with controllable in vivo release profile via rational core phase design. ARTIFICIAL CELLS NANOMEDICINE AND BIOTECHNOLOGY 2018; 46:1070-1079. [PMID: 29484961 DOI: 10.1080/21691401.2018.1443940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Highly soluble drugs tend to release from preparations at high speeds, which make them need to be taken at frequent intervals. Additionally, some drugs need to be controlled to release in vivo at certain periods, so as to achieve therapeutic effects. Thus, the objective of this study is to design injectable microparticulate systems with controllable in vivo release profile. Biodegradable PLGA was used as the matrix material to fabricate microspheres using the traditional double emulsification-solvent evaporation method as well as improved techniques, with gel (5% gelatine or 25% F127) or LP powders as the inner phases. Their physicochemical properties were systemically investigated. Microspheres prepared by modified methods had an increase in drug loading (15.50, 16.72, 15.66%, respectively) and encapsulation efficiencies (73.46, 79.42, 74.40%, respectively) when compared with traditional methods (12.01 and 57.06%). The morphology of the particles was characterized by optical microscope (OM) and scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and the amorphous nature of the encapsulated drug was confirmed by differential scanning calorimetry (DSC) and X-ray diffraction (XRD) analysis. To evaluate their release behaviour, the in vitro degradation, in vitro release and in vivo pharmacodynamics were subsequently studied. Traditional microspheres prepared in this study with water as the inner phase had a relatively short release period within 16 d when compared with modified microspheres with 5% gelatine as the inner phase, which resulted in a smooth release profile and appropriate plasma LP concentrations over 21 d. Thus this type of modified microspheres can be better used in drugs requiring sustained release. The other two formulations containing 25% F127 and LP micropowders presented two-stage release profiles, resulting in fluctuant plasma LP concentrations which may be suitable for drugs requiring controlled release. All the results suggested that drug release rates from the microspheres prepared by various methods were mainly controlled by either the porosity inside the microspheres or the degradation of materials, which could, therefore, lead to different release behaviours. This results indicated great potential of the PLGA microsphere formulation as an injectable depot for controllable in vivo release profile via rational core phase design. Core/shell microspheres fabricated by modified double emulsification-solvent evaporation methods, with various inner phases, to obtain high loading drugs system, as well as appropriate release behaviours. Accordingly, control in vivo release profile via rational core phase design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meiling Yu
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Qing Yao
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Yan Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Huilin Chen
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Haibing He
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Yu Zhang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Tian Yin
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Xing Tang
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
| | - Hui Xu
- a School of Pharmacy , Shenyang Pharmaceutical University , Shenyang , PR China
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26
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Sun Y, Jensen H, Petersen NJ, Larsen SW, Østergaard J. Phase separation of in situ forming poly (lactide-co-glycolide acid) implants investigated using a hydrogel-based subcutaneous tissue surrogate and UV–vis imaging. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 145:682-691. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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27
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Ward A, Walton K, Box K, Østergaard J, Gillie LJ, Conway BR, Asare-Addo K. Variable-focus microscopy and UV surface dissolution imaging as complementary techniques in intrinsic dissolution rate determination. Int J Pharm 2017; 530:139-144. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2017.07.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2016] [Revised: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 07/18/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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28
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Østergaard J. UV imaging in pharmaceutical analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2017; 147:140-148. [PMID: 28797957 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2017.07.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2017] [Revised: 07/30/2017] [Accepted: 07/31/2017] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
UV imaging provides spatially and temporally resolved absorbance measurements, which are highly useful in pharmaceutical analysis. Commercial UV imaging instrumentation was originally developed as a detector for separation sciences, but the main use is in the area of in vitro dissolution and release testing studies. The review covers the basic principles of the technology and summarizes the main applications in relation to intrinsic dissolution rate determination, excipient compatibility studies and in vitro release characterization of drug substances and vehicles intended for parenteral administration. UV imaging has potential for providing new insights to drug dissolution and release processes in formulation development by real-time monitoring of swelling, precipitation, diffusion and partitioning phenomena. Limitations of current instrumentation are discussed and a perspective to new developments and opportunities given as new instrumentation is emerging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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29
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Jung YS, Park W, Park H, Lee DK, Na K. Thermo-sensitive injectable hydrogel based on the physical mixing of hyaluronic acid and Pluronic F-127 for sustained NSAID delivery. Carbohydr Polym 2017; 156:403-408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2016.08.068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 135] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/20/2016] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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30
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Christiani TR, Toomer K, Sheehan J, Nitzl A, Branda A, England E, Graney P, Iftode C, Vernengo AJ. Synthesis of Thermogelling Poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin Sulfate Composites with Alginate Microparticles for Tissue Engineering. J Vis Exp 2016. [PMID: 27805604 DOI: 10.3791/53704] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Injectable biomaterials are defined as implantable materials that can be introduced into the body as a liquid and solidify in situ. Such materials offer the clinical advantages of being implanted minimally invasively and easily forming space-filling solids in irregularly shaped defects. Injectable biomaterials have been widely investigated as scaffolds for tissue engineering. However, for the repair of certain load-bearing areas in the body, such as the intervertebral disc, scaffolds should possess adhesive properties. This will minimize the risk of dislocation during motion and ensure intimate contact with the surrounding tissue, providing adequate transmission of forces. Here, we describe the preparation and characterization of a scaffold composed of thermally sensitive poly(N-isopropylacrylamide)-graft-chondroitin sulfate (PNIPAAM-g-CS) and alginate microparticles. The PNIPAAm-g-CS copolymer forms a viscous solution in water at RT, into which alginate particles are suspended to enhance adhesion. Above the lower critical solution temperature (LCST), around 30 °C, the copolymer forms a solid gel around the microparticles. We have adapted standard biomaterials characterization procedures to take into account the reversible phase transition of PNIPAAm-g-CS. Results indicate that the incorporation of 50 or 75 mg/ml alginate particles into 5% (w/v) PNIPAAm-g-CS solutions quadruple the adhesive tensile strength of PNIPAAm-gCS alone (p<0.05). The incorporation of alginate microparticles also significantly increases swelling capacity of PNIPAAm-g-CS (p<0.05), helping to maintain a space-filling gel within tissue defects. Finally, results of the in vitro toxicology assay kit, 2,3-bis-(2-methoxy-4-nitro-5-sulfophenyl)-2H-tetrazolium-5-carboxanilide (XTT) and Live/Dead viability assay indicate that the adhesive is capable of supporting the survival and proliferation of encapsulated Human Embryonic Kidney (HEK) 293 cells over 5 days.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Pamela Graney
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Drexel University
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Sun Y, Østergaard J. Application of UV Imaging in Formulation Development. Pharm Res 2016; 34:929-940. [PMID: 27766463 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-016-2047-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2016] [Accepted: 10/03/2016] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Efficient drug delivery is dependent on the drug substance dissolving in the body fluids, being released from dosage forms and transported to the site of action. A fundamental understanding of the interplay between the physicochemical properties of the active compound and pharmaceutical excipients defining formulation behavior after exposure to the aqueous environments and pharmaceutical performance is critical in pharmaceutical development, manufacturing and quality control of drugs. UV imaging has been explored as a tool for qualitative and quantitative characterization of drug dissolution and release with the characteristic feature of providing real-time visualization of the solution phase drug transport in the vicinity of the formulation. Events occurring during drug dissolution and release, such as polymer swelling, drug precipitation/recrystallization, or solvent-mediated phase transitions related to the structural properties of the drug substance or formulation can be monitored. UV imaging is a non-intrusive and simple-to-operate analytical technique which holds potential for providing a mechanistic foundation for formulation development. This review aims to cover applications of UV imaging in the early and late phase pharmaceutical development with a special focus on the relation between structural properties and performance. Potential areas of future advancement and application are also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100, Copenhagen Ø, Denmark.
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Jensen SS, Jensen H, Goodall DM, Østergaard J. Performance characteristics of UV imaging instrumentation for diffusion, dissolution and release testing studies. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2016; 131:113-123. [PMID: 27589028 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2016.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Revised: 08/13/2016] [Accepted: 08/25/2016] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
UV imaging is capable of providing spatially and temporally resolved absorbance measurements, which is highly beneficial in drug diffusion, dissolution and release testing studies. For optimal planning and design of experiments, knowledge about the capabilities and limitations of the imaging system is required. The aim of this study was to characterize the performance of two commercially available UV imaging systems, the D100 and SDI. Lidocaine crystals, lidocaine containing solutions, and gels were applied in the practical assessment of the UV imaging systems. Dissolution of lidocaine from single crystals into phosphate buffer and 0.5% (w/v) agarose hydrogel at pH 7.4 was investigated to shed light on the importance of density gradients under dissolution conditions in the absence of convective flow. In addition, the resolution of the UV imaging systems was assessed by the use of grids. Resolution was found to be better in the vertical direction than the horizontal direction, consistent with the illumination geometry. The collimating lens in the SDI imaging system was shown to provide more uniform light intensity across the UV imaging area and resulted in better resolution as compared to the D100 imaging system (a system without a lens). Under optimal conditions, the resolution was determined to be 12.5 and 16.7 line pairs per mm (lp/mm) corresponding to line widths of 40μm and 30μm in the horizontal and vertical direction, respectively. Overall, the performance of the UV imaging systems was shown mainly to depend on collimation of light, the light path, the positioning of the object relative to the line of 100μm fibres which forms the light source, and the distance of the object from the sensor surface.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sabrine S Jensen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - David M Goodall
- Paraytec Limited, York House, Outgang Lane, Osbaldwick, York, YO19 5UP, United Kingdom
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark.
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33
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Advances in mechanistic understanding of release rate control mechanisms of extended-release hydrophilic matrix tablets. Ther Deliv 2016; 7:553-72. [DOI: 10.4155/tde-2016-0026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Approaches to characterizing and developing understanding around the mechanisms that control the release of drugs from hydrophilic matrix tablets are reviewed. While historical context is provided and direct physical characterization methods are described, recent advances including the role of percolation thresholds, the application on magnetic resonance and other spectroscopic imaging techniques are considered. The influence of polymer and dosage form characteristics are reviewed. The utility of mathematical modeling is described. Finally, how all the information derived from applying the developed mechanistic understanding from all of these tools can be brought together to develop a robust and reliable hydrophilic matrix extended-release tablet formulation is proposed.
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Simultaneous Rapid Determination of the Solubility and Diffusion Coefficients of a Poorly Water-Soluble Drug Based on a Novel UV Imaging System. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:131-8. [PMID: 26852848 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.11.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2015] [Revised: 09/18/2015] [Accepted: 11/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The solubility and diffusion coefficient are two of the most important physicochemical properties of a drug compound. In practice, both have been measured separately, which is time consuming. This work utilizes a novel technique of UV imaging to determine the solubility and diffusion coefficients of poorly water-soluble drugs simultaneously. A 2-step optimal method is proposed to determine the solubility and diffusion coefficients of a poorly water-soluble pharmaceutical substance based on the Fick's second law of diffusion and UV imaging measurements. Experimental results demonstrate that the proposed method can be used to determine the solubility and diffusion coefficients of a drug with reasonable accuracy, indicating that UV imaging may provide a new opportunity to accurately measure the solubility and diffusion coefficients of a poorly water-soluble drug simultaneously and rapidly.
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Ye F, Baldursdottir S, Hvidt S, Jensen H, Larsen SW, Yaghmur A, Larsen C, Østergaard J. Role of Electrostatic Interactions on the Transport of Druglike Molecules in Hydrogel-Based Articular Cartilage Mimics: Implications for Drug Delivery. Mol Pharm 2016; 13:819-28. [PMID: 26808484 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.5b00725] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
In the field of drug delivery to the articular cartilage, it is advantageous to apply artificial tissue models as surrogates of cartilage for investigating drug transport and release properties. In this study, artificial cartilage models consisting of 0.5% (w/v) agarose gel containing 0.5% (w/v) chondroitin sulfate or 0.5% (w/v) hyaluronic acid were developed, and their rheological and morphological properties were characterized. UV imaging was utilized to quantify the transport properties of the following four model compounds in the agarose gel and in the developed artificial cartilage models: H-Ala-β-naphthylamide, H-Lys-Lys-β-naphthylamide, lysozyme, and α-lactalbumin. The obtained results showed that the incorporation of the polyelectrolytes chondroitin sulfate or hyaluronic acid into agarose gel induced a significant reduction in the apparent diffusivities of the cationic model compounds as compared to the pure agarose gel. The decrease in apparent diffusivity of the cationic compounds was not caused by a change in the gel structure since a similar reduction in apparent diffusivity was not observed for the net negatively charged protein α-lactalbumin. The apparent diffusivity of the cationic compounds in the negatively charged hydrogels was highly dependent on the ionic strength, pointing out the importance of electrostatic interactions between the diffusant and the polyelectrolytes. Solution based affinity studies between the model compounds and the two investigated polyelectrolytes further confirmed the electrostatic nature of their interactions. The results obtained from the UV imaging diffusion studies are important for understanding the effect of drug physicochemical properties on the transport in articular cartilage. The extracted information may be useful in the development of hydrogels for in vitro release testing having features resembling the articular cartilage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengbin Ye
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Stefania Baldursdottir
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Søren Hvidt
- Department of Chemistry-NSM, Roskilde University , Universitetsvej 1, DK-4000 Roskilde, Denmark
| | - Henrik Jensen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Susan W Larsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Anan Yaghmur
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Claus Larsen
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Jesper Østergaard
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen , Universitetsparken 2, DK-2100 Copenhagen, Denmark
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36
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In vitro release studies of insulin from lipid implants in solution and in a hydrogel matrix mimicking the subcutis. Eur J Pharm Sci 2016; 81:103-12. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2015.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 10/07/2015] [Accepted: 10/12/2015] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Østergaard J. UV/Vis Spectrophotometry and UV Imaging. ADVANCES IN DELIVERY SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-1-4939-4029-5_1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
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Real-time UV imaging identifies the role of pH in insulin dissolution behavior in hydrogel-based subcutaneous tissue surrogate. Eur J Pharm Sci 2015; 69:26-36. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.12.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/13/2014] [Revised: 12/17/2014] [Accepted: 12/17/2014] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Angelova A, Angelov B, Mutafchieva R, Lesieur S. Biocompatible Mesoporous and Soft Nanoarchitectures. J Inorg Organomet Polym Mater 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10904-014-0143-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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40
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Ewing AV, Clarke GS, Kazarian SG. Stability of indomethacin with relevance to the release from amorphous solid dispersions studied with ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging. Eur J Pharm Sci 2014; 60:64-71. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2014.05.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2014] [Revised: 04/07/2014] [Accepted: 05/03/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Kuentz M. Analytical technologies for real-time drug dissolution and precipitation testing on a small scale. J Pharm Pharmacol 2014; 67:143-59. [DOI: 10.1111/jphp.12271] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2014] [Accepted: 04/13/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Objectives
This review focuses on real-time analytics of drug dissolution and precipitation testing on a comparatively small scale.
Key findings
Miniaturisation of test equipment is an important trend in pharmaceutics, and several small-scale experiments have been reported for drug dissolution and precipitation testing. Such tests typically employ analytics in real-time. Fibre optic ultraviolet (UV) analytics has become a well-established method in this field. Novel imaging techniques are emerging that use visible or UV light; also promising is Fourier transform infrared imaging based on attenuated total reflection. More information than just a rate constant is obtained from these methods. The early phase of a dissolution process can be assessed and drug precipitation may eventually be observed. Some real-time techniques are particularly well suited to studying drug precipitation during formulation dispersion; for example, turbidity, focused beam reflectance measurement and Raman spectroscopy.
Summary
Small-scale dissolution tests equipped with real-time analytics have become important to screen drug candidates as well as to study prototype formulations in early development. Future approaches are likely to combine different analytical techniques including imaging. Miniaturisation started with mini-vessels or small vials and future assays of dissolution research will probably more often reach the level of parallel well plates and microfluidic channels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Kuentz
- Institute of Pharma Technology, University of Applied Sciences and Arts Northwestern Switzerland, Muttenz, Switzerland
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42
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Insulin diffusion and self-association characterized by real-time UV imaging and Taylor dispersion analysis. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2014; 92:203-10. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2014.01.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2013] [Revised: 01/15/2014] [Accepted: 01/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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43
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Sedláček P, Smilek J, Klučáková M. How the interactions with humic acids affect the mobility of ionic dyes in hydrogels – 2. Non-stationary diffusion experiments. REACT FUNCT POLYM 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reactfunctpolym.2013.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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44
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Sarnes A, Østergaard J, Jensen SS, Aaltonen J, Rantanen J, Hirvonen J, Peltonen L. Dissolution study of nanocrystal powders of a poorly soluble drug by UV imaging and channel flow methods. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 50:511-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2013.08.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2013] [Revised: 08/20/2013] [Accepted: 08/20/2013] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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45
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Barradas TN, Lopes LMA, Ricci-Júnior E, de Holanda e Silva KG, Mansur CRE. Development and characterization of micellar systems for application as insect repellents. Int J Pharm 2013; 454:633-40. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.05.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2013] [Revised: 05/17/2013] [Accepted: 05/19/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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46
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Gaunø MH, Vilhelmsen T, Larsen CC, Boetker JP, Wittendorff J, Rantanen J, Østergaard J. Real-time in vitro dissolution of 5-aminosalicylic acid from single ethyl cellulose coated extrudates studied by UV imaging. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2013; 83:49-56. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2013.04.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2013] [Revised: 04/12/2013] [Accepted: 04/15/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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47
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Almeida H, Amaral MH, Lobão P, Sousa Lobo JM. Applications of poloxamers in ophthalmic pharmaceutical formulations: an overview. Expert Opin Drug Deliv 2013; 10:1223-37. [DOI: 10.1517/17425247.2013.796360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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48
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Dissolution of tablet-in-tablet formulations studied with ATR-FTIR spectroscopic imaging. Eur J Pharm Sci 2013; 48:748-57. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2012.12.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2012] [Revised: 12/01/2012] [Accepted: 12/24/2012] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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49
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Boetker JP, Rantanen J, Rades T, Müllertz A, Ostergaard J, Jensen H. A new approach to dissolution testing by UV imaging and finite element simulations. Pharm Res 2013; 30:1328-37. [PMID: 23307418 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-013-0972-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Accepted: 01/03/2013] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Most dissolution testing systems rely on analyzing samples taken remotely from the dissolving sample surface at different time points with poor time resolution and therefore provide relatively unresolved temporally and spatially information on the dissolution process. In this study, a flexible numerical model was combined with a novel UV imaging system, allowing monitoring of the dissolution process with sub second time resolution. METHODS The dissolution process was monitored by both effluent collection and UV imaging of compacts of paracetamol. A finite element model (FEM) was used to characterize the UV imaging system. RESULTS A finite element model of the UV imaging system was successfully built. The dissolution of paracetamol was studied by UV imaging and by analysis of the effluent. The dissolution rates obtained from the collected effluent were in good agreement with the numerical model. The numerical model allowed an assessment of the ability of the UV imager to measure dissolution-time profiles. The simulation was able to extend the experimental results to conditions not easily obtained experimentally. CONCLUSIONS Combining FEM,experimental dissolution data and UV imaging provided experimental validation of the FEM model as well as a detailed description of the dissolution process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Johan P Boetker
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Health and Medical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Universitetsparken 2, 2100, Copenhagen, Denmark
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50
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Use of in vitro release models in the design of sustained and localized drug delivery systems for subcutaneous and intra-articular administration. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/s1773-2247(13)50048-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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