1
|
Aitipamula S, Bolla G. Optimizing Drug Development: Harnessing the Sustainability of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals. Mol Pharm 2024; 21:3121-3143. [PMID: 38814314 DOI: 10.1021/acs.molpharmaceut.4c00289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/31/2024]
Abstract
Environmental impacts of the industrial revolution necessitate adoption of sustainable practices in all areas of development. The pharmaceutical industry faces increasing pressure to minimize its ecological footprint due to its significant contribution to environmental pollution. Over the past two decades, pharmaceutical cocrystals have received immense popularity due to their ability to optimize the critical attributes of active pharmaceutical ingredients and presented an avenue to bring improved drug products to the market. This review explores the potential of pharmaceutical cocrystals as an ecofriendly alternative to traditional solid forms, offering a sustainable approach to drug development. From reducing the number of required doses to improving the stability of actives, from eliminating synthetic operations to using pharmaceutically approved chemicals, from the use of continuous and solvent-free manufacturing methods to leveraging published data on the safety and toxicology, the cocrystallization approach contributes to sustainability of drug development. The latest trends suggest a promising role of pharmaceutical cocrystals in bringing novel and improved medicines to the market, which has been further fuelled by the recent guidance from the major regulatory agencies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Srinivasulu Aitipamula
- Institute of Sustainability for Chemicals, Energy and Environment (ISCE2), Agency for Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 1 Pesek Road, Jurong Island, Singapore 627833, Republic of Singapore
| | - Geetha Bolla
- Department of Chemistry & Biochemistry, The University of Alabama, Tuscaloosa, Alabama 35487, United States
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Zhou Y, Tu Y, Yang J, Qian K, Liu X, Fu Q, Xu X, Chen S. Enhancing the Stability, Solubility, and Antioxidant Activity of Cinchonine through Pharmaceutical Cocrystallization. Pharm Res 2024; 41:1257-1270. [PMID: 38844745 DOI: 10.1007/s11095-024-03712-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 05/05/2024] [Indexed: 06/26/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE Cinchoninze hydrochloride solves the problem of the low solubility of cinchonine, but it is unstable and susceptible to deliquescence. In this study, we designed and prepared cinchonine cocrystal salts or cinchonine salts with better stability, solubility and antioxidant activity than cinchonine. METHOD We successfully synthesized and characterized three cinchonine salts, namely, cinchonine-fumaric acid, cinchonine-isoferulic acid, and cinchonine-malic acid. The high humidity (92.5% RH) and high temperature (60°C) tests were conducted to determine the physical stability and hygroscopicity of cinchonine hydrochloride, cinchonine and three cinchonine salts. And the ultraviolet spectrophotometry was conducted to determine the equilibrium solubility and intrinsic dissolution rate of cinchonine and salts. Moreover, the DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays determined the antioxidant activity of cinchonine and salts. RESULT Compared with cinchonine hydrochloride and cinchonine, all three cinchonine salts exhibited good physical stability over 15 days under high humidity (92.5% RH) and high temperature (60°C) conditions. While cinchonine and cinchonine hydrochloride are categorized as hygroscopic and deliquescent, respectively, three cinchonine salts are classified as slightly hygroscopic, meaning that they have a lower hygroscopicity than cinchonine and cinchonine hydrochloride. And three cinchonine salts had higher equilibrium solubility, faster intrinsic dissolution rates, and higher antioxidant activity in comparison to cinchonine. Moreover, they showed a "spring and parachute" pattern in the phosphate buffer (pH = 6.8). CONCLUSION Cocrystallization technology is a viable option for improving cinchonine's poor physicochemical qualities.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Yan Tu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Jie Yang
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Kun Qian
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China.
| | - Xueyang Liu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Qingxia Fu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Xianghong Xu
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| | - Shiyu Chen
- College of Pharmacy, Jiangxi University of Chinese Medicine, Nanchang, 330004, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhang J, Khanal D, Chan HK, Banaszak Holl MM. Nanoscale colocalized thermal and chemical mapping of pharmaceutical powder aerosols. Int J Pharm 2024; 656:124116. [PMID: 38615803 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2024.124116] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 04/08/2024] [Accepted: 04/11/2024] [Indexed: 04/16/2024]
Abstract
Inhalation of pharmaceutical aerosol formulations is widely used to treat respiratory diseases. Spatially resolved thermal characterization offers promise for better understanding drug release rates from particles; however, this has been an analytical challenge due to the small particle size (from a few micrometers down to nanometers) and the complex composition of the formulations. Here, we employ nano-thermal analysis (nanoTA) to probe the nanothermal domain of a pharmaceutical aerosol formulation containing a mixture of fluticasone propionate (FP), salmeterol xinafoate (SX), and excipient lactose, which is widely used to treat asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Furthermore, atomic force microscopy-infrared spectroscopy (AFM-IR) and AFM force measurements are performed to provide nanochemical and nanomechanical information to complement the nanothermal data. The colocalized thermal and chemical mapping clearly reveals the surface heterogeneity of the drugs in the aerosol particles and demonstrates the contribution of the surface chemical composition to the variation in the thermal properties of the particles. We present a powerful analytical approach for in-depth characterization of thermal/chemical/morphological properties of dry powder inhaler particles at micro- and nanometer scales. This approach can be used to facilitate the comparison between generics and reference inhalation products and further the development of high-performance pharmaceutical formulations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jing Zhang
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Future Industries Institute, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, SA 5095, Australia
| | - Dipesh Khanal
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA
| | - Hak-Kim Chan
- Advanced Drug Delivery Group, Sydney Pharmacy School, Faculty of Medicine and Health, The University of Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia.
| | - Mark M Banaszak Holl
- Department of Chemical & Biological Engineering, Monash University, Clayton, VIC 3800, Australia; Department of Mechanical and Materials Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL, 35294, USA; Division of Pulmonology, Allergy, and Critical Care Medicine, Heersink School of Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL 35294, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Kavanagh ON. An analysis of multidrug multicomponent crystals as tools for drug development. J Control Release 2024; 369:1-11. [PMID: 38513727 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconrel.2024.03.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2023] [Revised: 03/14/2024] [Accepted: 03/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/23/2024]
Abstract
In a typical tablet or capsule formulation, the active drug is often present as a crystalline solid. This solid emerges from the relationships between the individual atoms within the crystal, which confer a distinct set of physical properties. Then, it follows that if we modify the packing arrangement of the individual molecules within these crystals, we can modulate their properties. This can be achieved by crystal engineering. Crystal engineering has also seen teams arrange multiple drug molecules within the same crystal, resulting in dramatic improvements to drug properties in the lab. The success of drugs like SEGLENTIS® and Entresto® have revitalised interest in these forms, but controversy surrounding their translation has prompted this reconsideration of their clinical utility. I reflect on the current academic, clinical, and commercial interest in multidrug multicomponent crystals, drawing parallels with developments pre-Bragg, contributing to a nuanced understanding of the potential and limitations of crystal engineering in pharmaceutical applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Oisín N Kavanagh
- School of Pharmacy, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Ejarque D, Calvet T, Font-Bardia M, Pons J. Structural Landscape of α-Acetamidocinnamic Acid Cocrystals with Bipyridine-Based Coformers: Influence of Crystal Packing on Their Thermal and Photophysical Properties. CRYSTAL GROWTH & DESIGN 2024; 24:1746-1765. [PMID: 38405168 PMCID: PMC10885007 DOI: 10.1021/acs.cgd.3c01374] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2023] [Revised: 01/29/2024] [Accepted: 01/30/2024] [Indexed: 02/27/2024]
Abstract
Controlling the supramolecular synthon outcome in systems with different functionalities has been a key factor for the design of supramolecular materials, which also affected their physicochemical properties. In this contribution, we have analyzed the structural landscape of α-acetamidocinnamic acid (HACA) aiming to find its synthon outcome from the competitivity between its acidic and amidic groups. We prepared four multicomponent forms including one dihydrate (HACA·2H2O) and three cocrystals bearing different bipyridine coformers with formulas (HACA)2(1,2-bpe) (1), (HACA)2(4,4'-azpy) (2), and (HACA)2(4,4'-bipy)3 (3) (1,2-bpe = 1,2-bis(4-pyridyl)ethylene; 4,4'-azpy = 4,4'-azopyridine; 4,4'-bipy = 4,4'-bipyridine). First, we applied a virtual screening approach to assess the feasibility of cocrystal formation. Then, we synthesized the cocrystals, via liquid-assisted grinding (LAG) (1 and 2) or solvothermal (3) techniques, and single crystals of HACA, and their four multicomponent forms were obtained showing different synthons and crystal packings. Besides, a Cambridge Structural Database (CSD) search of the cocrystals presenting bipyridine-type coformers and molecules with acid and amide functionalities was performed, and the observed synthon occurrences as well as the possibility of synthon modification by tuning the H-donor/H-acceptor propensity of the acidic and amidic groups were shown. Finally, we measured their thermal and photophysical properties, which were correlated with their structural features.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Ejarque
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Teresa Calvet
- Departament
de Mineralogia, Petrologia i Geologia Aplicada, Universitat de Barcelona, Martí i Franquès s/n, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Mercè Font-Bardia
- Unitat
de Difracció de Raig-X, Centres Científics i Tecnològics
de la Universitat de Barcelona (CCiTUB), Universitat de Barcelona, Solé i Sabarís, 1-3, 08028 Barcelona, Spain
| | - Josefina Pons
- Departament
de Química, Universitat Autònoma
de Barcelona, 08193-Bellaterra, Barcelona, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Nugrahani I, Herawati D, Wibowo MS. The Benefits and Challenges of Antibiotics-Non-Steroidal Anti-Inflammatory Drugs Non-Covalent Reaction. Molecules 2023; 28:molecules28093672. [PMID: 37175082 PMCID: PMC10179822 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28093672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2022] [Revised: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 04/03/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, non-covalent reactions have emerged as approaches to improve the physicochemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients (API), including antibiotics and non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). This review aimed to present and discuss the non-covalent reaction products of antibiotics, including salt and neutral multi-component solid forms, by framing their substituents and molar ratios, manufacturing techniques, characterization methods, benefits, potency changes, and toxicity, and is completed with an analysis of the development of computational models used in this field. Based on the data, NSAIDs are the most-developed drugs in multi-component system preparations, followed by antibiotics, i.e., antituberculosis and fluoroquinolones. They have reacted with inorganic elements, excipients, nutraceuticals, natural products, and other drugs. However, in terms of treatments for common infections, fluoroquinolones are more frequently used. Generally, NSAIDs are acquired on an over-the-counter basis, causing inappropriate medication. In addition, the pKa differences between the two groups of medicine offer the potential for them to react non-covalently. Hence, this review highlights fluoroquinolone-NSAID multi-component solid systems, which offer some benefits. These systems can increase patient compliance and promote the appropriate monitoring of drug usage; the dual drug multi-component solids have been proven to improve the physicochemical properties of one or both components, especially in terms of solubility and stability. In addition, some reports show an enhancement of the antibiotic activity of the products. However, it is important to consider the possibility of activity changes, interaction, and toxicity when using drug combinations. Hence, these aspects also are discussed in this review. Finally, we present computational modeling, which has been utilized broadly to support multi-component system designs, including coformer screening, preparation methods, and structural modeling, as well as to predict physicochemical properties, potency, and toxicity. This integrated review is expected to be useful for further antibiotic-NSAID multi-component system development.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilma Nugrahani
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | - Diar Herawati
- School of Pharmacy, Bandung Institute of Technology, Bandung 40132, Indonesia
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Haneef J, Amir M, Sheikh NA, Chadha R. Mitigating Drug Stability Challenges Through Cocrystallization. AAPS PharmSciTech 2023; 24:62. [PMID: 36759434 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-023-02522-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Accepted: 01/24/2023] [Indexed: 02/11/2023] Open
Abstract
Drug stability plays a significant role in the pharmaceutical industry from early-phase drug discovery to product registration as well as the entire life cycle of a product. Various formulation approaches have been employed to overcome drug stability issues. These approaches are sometimes time-consuming which ultimately affect the timeline of the product launch and may further require formulation optimization steps, affecting the overall cost. Pharmaceutical cocrystal is a well-established route to fine tune the biopharmaceutical properties of drugs without covalent modification. This article highlights the role of cocrystallization in mitigating the stability issues of challenging drug molecules. Representative case studies wherein the drug stability issue is addressed through pharmaceutical cocrystals have been discussed briefly and are summarized in tabular form. The emphasis has been made on the structural information of cocrystals and understanding the mechanism that improves the stability of the parent drug through cocrystallization. Besides, a guided strategy has been proposed to modulate the stability of drug molecules through cocrystallization approach. Finally, the stability concern of fixed-dose or drug combinations and the challenges associated with cocrystals are also touched.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jamshed Haneef
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110 062, India.
| | - Mohd Amir
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110 062, India
| | - Nadeem Ahmed Sheikh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, School of Pharmaceutical Education and Research, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi, 110 062, India
| | - Renu Chadha
- University Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Panjab University, Chandigarh, 160 014, India
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Comparative study of the cocrystals with layered/cavity structure in regulating in vitro pharmaceutical properties of diuretic acetazolamide. J Mol Struct 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2022.134035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
9
|
Boycov DE, Drozd KV, Manin AN, Churakov AV, Perlovich GL. New Solid Forms of Nitrofurantoin and 4-Aminopyridine Salt: Influence of Salt Hydration Level on Crystal Packing and Physicochemical Properties. MOLECULES (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 27:molecules27248990. [PMID: 36558123 PMCID: PMC9783863 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27248990] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2022] [Revised: 12/12/2022] [Accepted: 12/14/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The crystallization of the poorly soluble drug nitrofurantoin (NFT) with 4-aminopyridine (4AmPy) resulted in three multicomponent solid forms with different hydration levels: anhydrous salt [NFT+4AmPy] (1:1), salt monohydrate [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] (1:1:1), and salt tetrahydrate [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] (1:1:4). Each salt was selectively prepared by liquid-assisted grinding in the presence of acetonitrile or ethanol/water mixture at a specific composition. The NFT hydrated salts were characterized using single crystal X-ray diffraction. The [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] salt (1:1:1) crystallized as an isolated site hydrate, while the [NFT+4AmPy+H2O] salt (1:1:4) crystallized as a channel hydrate. The dehydration processes of the NFT salt hydrates were investigated using differential scanning calorimetry and thermogravimetric analysis. A powder dissolution experiment was carried out for all NFT multicomponent solid forms in pH 7.4 phosphate buffer solution at 37 °C.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Denis E. Boycov
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Ksenia V. Drozd
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Alex N. Manin
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
| | - Andrei V. Churakov
- Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 31 Leninsky Prosp., 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - German L. Perlovich
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, 1 Akademicheskaya St., 153045 Ivanovo, Russia
- Correspondence:
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Salem A, Khanfar E, Nagy S, Széchenyi A. Cocrystals of tuberculosis antibiotics: Challenges and missed opportunities. Int J Pharm 2022; 623:121924. [PMID: 35738333 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2022.121924] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2022] [Revised: 05/26/2022] [Accepted: 06/13/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
Cocrystals have been extensively used to improve the physicochemical properties and bioavailability of active pharmaceutical ingredients. Cocrystals of anti-tuberculosis medications are among those commonly reported. This review provides a summary of the tuberculosis antibiotic cocrystals reported in the literature, providing the main results on current tuberculosis medications utilized in cocrystals. Moreover, anti-tuberculosis cocrystals limitations and advantages are described, including evidence for enhanced solubility, stability and effect. Opportunities to enhance anti-tuberculosis medications and fixed dose combinations using cocrystals are given. Several cocrystal pairs are suggested to enhance the effectiveness of anti-tuberculosis drugs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ala' Salem
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary.
| | - Esam Khanfar
- Department of Immunology and Biotechnology, Medical School, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Sándor Nagy
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary
| | - Aleksandar Széchenyi
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Technology and Biopharmacy, Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Pécs, Pécs, Hungary; Department of Chemistry, Josip Juraj Strossmayer University of Osijek, Osijek, Croatia
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Bolla G, Sarma B, Nangia AK. Crystal Engineering of Pharmaceutical Cocrystals in the Discovery and Development of Improved Drugs. Chem Rev 2022; 122:11514-11603. [PMID: 35642550 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00987] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 40.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
The subject of crystal engineering started in the 1970s with the study of topochemical reactions in the solid state. A broad chemical definition of crystal engineering was published in 1989, and the supramolecular synthon concept was proposed in 1995 followed by heterosynthons and their potential applications for the design of pharmaceutical cocrystals in 2004. This review traces the development of supramolecular synthons as robust and recurring hydrogen bond patterns for the design and construction of supramolecular architectures, notably, pharmaceutical cocrystals beginning in the early 2000s to the present time. The ability of a cocrystal between an active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) and a pharmaceutically acceptable coformer to systematically tune the physicochemical properties of a drug (i.e., solubility, permeability, hydration, color, compaction, tableting, bioavailability) without changing its molecular structure is the hallmark of the pharmaceutical cocrystals platform, as a bridge between drug discovery and pharmaceutical development. With the design of cocrystals via heterosynthons and prototype case studies to improve drug solubility in place (2000-2015), the period between 2015 to the present time has witnessed the launch of several salt-cocrystal drugs with improved efficacy and high bioavailability. This review on the design, synthesis, and applications of pharmaceutical cocrystals to afford improved drug products and drug substances will interest researchers in crystal engineering, supramolecular chemistry, medicinal chemistry, process development, and pharmaceutical and materials sciences. The scale-up of drug cocrystals and salts using continuous manufacturing technologies provides high-value pharmaceuticals with economic and environmental benefits.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Geetha Bolla
- Department of Chemistry, Ben-Gurion University of the Negev, Building 43, Room 201, Sderot Ben-Gurion 1, Be'er Sheva 8410501, Israel
| | - Bipul Sarma
- Department of Chemical Sciences, Tezpur University, Napaam, Tezpur, Assam 784028, India
| | - Ashwini K Nangia
- School of Chemistry, University of Hyderabad, Prof. C. R. Rao Road, Gachibowli, Hyderabad 500046, India
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Zhang J, Liang Z, Yang F, JI S, Lan P, Liao YX. Unique sandwich structure of pyrazinamide-methylmalonic acid cocrystal:ternary phase diagrams, characterization and property evaluation. CrystEngComm 2022. [DOI: 10.1039/d1ce01609a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The Pyrazinamide (PZA)-Methylmalonic acid (MMA) cocrystal was prepared and characterized by powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and Thermogravimetric analysis (TGA). Hirshfeld surface...
Collapse
|
13
|
In-silico methods of cocrystal screening: A review on tools for rational design of pharmaceutical cocrystals. J Drug Deliv Sci Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jddst.2021.102527] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
|
14
|
Zhang Z, Fang J, Bo Y, Xue J, Liu J, Hong Z, Du Y. Terahertz and Raman Spectroscopic Investigation of Anti-tuberculosis Drug-Drug Cocrystallization Involving 4-aminosalicylic Acid and Pyrazinamide. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2020.129547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
|
15
|
Synthesis and Characterization of Nano-Sized 4-Aminosalicylic Acid-Sulfamethazine Cocrystals. Pharmaceutics 2021; 13:pharmaceutics13020277. [PMID: 33669489 PMCID: PMC7923100 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics13020277] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2021] [Revised: 02/09/2021] [Accepted: 02/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Drug–drug cocrystals are formulated to produce combined medication, not just to modulate active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) properties. Nano-crystals adjust the pharmacokinetic properties and enhance the dissolution of APIs. Nano-cocrystals seem to enhance API properties by combining the benefits of both technologies. Despite the promising opportunities of nano-sized cocrystals, the research at the interface of nano-technology and cocrystals has, however, been described to be in its infancy. In this study, high-pressure homogenization (HPH) and high-power ultrasound were used to prepare nano-sized cocrystals of 4-aminosalysilic acid and sulfamethazine in order to establish differences between the two methods in terms of cocrystal size, morphology, polymorphic form, and dissolution rate enhancement. It was found that both methods resulted in the formation of form I cocrystals with a high degree of crystallinity. HPH yielded nano-sized cocrystals, while those prepared by high-power ultrasound were in the micro-size range. Furthermore, HPH produced smaller-size cocrystals with a narrow size distribution when a higher pressure was used. Cocrystals appeared to be needle-like when prepared by HPH compared to those prepared by high-power ultrasound, which had a different morphology. The highest dissolution enhancement was observed in cocrystals prepared by HPH; however, both micro- and nano-sized cocrystals enhanced the dissolution of sulfamethazine.
Collapse
|
16
|
Clout AE, Buanz ABM, Pang Y, Tsui W, Yan D, Parkinson G, Prior TJ, Bučar D, Gaisford S, Williams GR. Mechanistic In Situ and Ex Situ Studies of Phase Transformations in Molecular Co-Crystals. Chemistry 2020; 26:14645-14653. [PMID: 32706515 PMCID: PMC7756291 DOI: 10.1002/chem.202002267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Co-crystallisation is widely explored as a route to improve the physical properties of pharmaceutical active ingredients, but little is known about the fundamental mechanisms of the process. Herein, we apply a hyphenated differential scanning calorimetry-X-ray diffraction technique to mimic the commercial hot melt extrusion process, and explore the heat-induced synthesis of a series of new co-crystals containing isonicotinamide. These comprise a 1:1 co-crystal with 4-hydroxybenzoic acid, 2:1 and 1:2 systems with 4-hydroxyphenylacetic acid and a 1:1 crystal with 3,4-dihydroxyphenylactic acid. The formation of co-crystals during heating is complex mechanistically. In addition to co-crystallisation, conversions between polymorphs of the co-former starting materials and co-crystal products are also observed. A subsequent study exploring the use of inkjet printing and milling to generate co-crystals revealed that the synthetic approach has a major effect on the co-crystal species and polymorphs produced.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander E. Clout
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Asma B. M. Buanz
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Yuying Pang
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Wing‐Mei Tsui
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Dongpeng Yan
- College of ChemistryBeijing Normal UniversityBeijing100875China
| | - Gary Parkinson
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Timothy J. Prior
- Department of Chemistry and BiochemistryUniversity of HullHullHU6 7RXUK
| | - Dejan‐Krešimir Bučar
- Department of ChemistryUniversity College London20 Gordon StreetLondonWC1H 0AJUK
| | - Simon Gaisford
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| | - Gareth R. Williams
- UCL School of PharmacyUniversity College London29-39 Brunswick SquareLondonWC1N 1AXUK
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Kumari N, Ghosh A. Cocrystallization: Cutting Edge Tool for Physicochemical Modulation of Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4858-4882. [PMID: 32691702 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200720114638] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2019] [Accepted: 05/16/2020] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Cocrystallization is a widely accepted and clinically relevant technique that has prospered very well over the past decades to potentially modify the physicochemical properties of existing active pharmaceutic ingredients (APIs) without compromising their therapeutic benefits. Over time, it has become an integral part of the pre-formulation stage of drug development because of its ability to yield cocrystals with improved properties in a way that other traditional methods cannot easily achieve. Cocrystals are solid crystalline materials composed of two or more than two molecules which are non-covalently bonded in the same crystal lattice. Due to the continuous efforts of pharmaceutical scientists and crystal engineers, today cocrystals have emerged as a cutting edge tool to modulate poor physicochemical properties of APIs such as solubility, permeability, bioavailability, improving poor mechanical properties and taste masking. The success of cocrystals can be traced back by looking at the number of products that are getting regulatory approval. At present, many cocrystals have obtained regulatory approval and they successfully made into the market place followed by a fair number of cocrystals that are currently in the clinical phases. Considering all these facts about cocrystals, the formulation scientists have been inspired to undertake more relevant research to extract out maximum benefits. Here in this review cocrystallization technique will be discussed in detail with respect to its background, different synthesis approaches, synthesis mechanism, application and improvements in drug delivery systems and its regulatory perspective.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nimmy Kumari
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi - 835215, Jharkhand, India
| | - Animesh Ghosh
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Technology, Birla Institute of Technology, Mesra, Ranchi - 835215, Jharkhand, India
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Zhang Z, Wang Q, Xue J, Du Y, Liu J, Hong Z. Vibrational Spectroscopic Investigation into Novel Ternary Eutectic Formed between Pyrazinamide, Fumaric Acid, and Isoniazid. ACS OMEGA 2020; 5:17266-17274. [PMID: 32715212 PMCID: PMC7376892 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.0c01486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
To improve the efficacy of anti-tuberculosis (anti-TB) therapy, drug-drug co-crystallization stands for an alternative approach to settle the tuberculosis problem. Directly co-crystallizing two typical parent anti-TB drugs (pyrazinamide, PZA and isoniazid, INH) into a single binary co-crystal could not be obtained successfully. Multicomponent eutectic are highly effective and useful for enhancing the dissolution rate, bioavailability, and physical stability of the poorly water-soluble active pharmaceutical ingredient (API) drugs, when the attempts of forming a binary co-crystal have failed. Therefore, the ternary eutectic composition conception was proposed in this study, in which fumaric acid (FA) was chosen as the molecule to connect two first-line anti-tubercular drugs. First of all, three starting materials (including PZA, INH, and FA) were grinded at a 1:1:1 molar ratio, the eutectic composition was investigated through vibrational spectroscopic techniques, including terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and Raman spectroscopy. Additionally, the density functional theory (DFT) was utilized to simulate the optimized structures and vibrational modes of two possible theoretical eutectic composition forms. The THz absorption spectrum of the theoretical form I shows much more consistency with the experimental results than that of form II. Raman spectra also help to characterize the differences in vibrational modes between the eutectic composition and the starting parent compounds. The results provide us with both structural information and intermolecular hydrogen bonding interactions within specific multicomponent eutectic composition formulations based on Raman and terahertz vibrational spectroscopic techniques in combination with theoretical calculations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ziming Zhang
- Centre
for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Centre
for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiadan Xue
- Department
of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yong Du
- Centre
for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Centre
for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhi Hong
- Centre
for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, Zhejiang, China
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Du Y, Xue J, Hong Z. Raman and Terahertz Spectroscopic Characterization of Solid-state Cocrystal Formation within Specific Active Pharmaceutical Ingredients. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:4829-4846. [PMID: 32445442 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200523173448] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Cocrystallization of specific active pharmaceutical ingredients (APIs) in the solid-state phase is becoming a feasible way to improve their corresponding physicochemical properties and ultimate bioavailability without making and breaking any covalent bonds within them. Many recent reports deal with the characterization and analysis topics of pharmaceutical APIs-based cocrystals. In this mini-review, we will focus on the recent steady-state and time-dependent spectroscopic investigation into the cocrystallization of specific APIs based on both Raman and emerging terahertz spectroscopy in pharmaceutical fields. Distinctive spectral, structural and also kinetic information of pharmaceutical APIs-based cocrystals are obtained and discussed, which would highlight the potential of vibrational spectroscopy as an attractive technique for various drug research and development during cocrystallization of specific APIs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yong Du
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Jiadan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| | - Zhi Hong
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou City, Zhejiang Province, China
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
Khan KU, Akhtar N, Minhas MU. Poloxamer-407-Co-Poly (2-Acrylamido-2-Methylpropane Sulfonic Acid) Cross-linked Nanogels for Solubility Enhancement of Olanzapine: Synthesis, Characterization, and Toxicity Evaluation. AAPS PharmSciTech 2020; 21:141. [PMID: 32419084 DOI: 10.1208/s12249-020-01694-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2020] [Accepted: 04/16/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Current study is focused to enhance the solubility of poorly soluble drug olanzapine (OLZ) by nanogels drug delivery system, as improved solubility is one of the most important applications of nanosystems. Poor solubility is a major issue, and 40% of marketed and about 75% of new active pharmaceutical ingredients are poorly water soluble which significantly affect the bioavailability and therapeutic effects of these drugs. In this study, nanogels, a promising system for solubility enhancement, were developed by free-radical polymerization technique. Different formulations were synthesized in which poloxamer-407 was cross-linked with 2-acrylamido-2-methylpropane sulfonic acid (AMPS) with the help of cross-linker methylene bisacrylamide (MBA). The chemically cross-linked nanogels were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), thermos gravimetric analysis (TGA), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), X-ray diffraction (XRD), scanning electron microscopy (SEM), zeta size, swelling, sol-gel analysis, drug loading, solubility, and in vitro drug release studies. In order to determine the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of nanogels to biological system, toxicity study on rabbits was also carried out. It was confirmed that the developed nanogels was thermally stable, safe, effective, and compatible to biological system, and the solubility of olanzapine (OLZ) was enhanced up to 38 folds as compared with reference product.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kifayat Ullah Khan
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Naveed Akhtar
- Faculty of Pharmacy and Alternative Medicine, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, Bahawalpur, Punjab, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Usman Minhas
- College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, University Road, Sargodha City, Punjab, Pakistan.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Preparation and evaluation of pharmaceutical co-crystals for solubility enhancement of atorvastatin calcium. Polym Bull (Berl) 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00289-019-02997-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
|
22
|
Wang Y, Xue J, Qin J, Liu J, Du Y. Structure and spectroscopic characterization of pharmaceutical co-crystal formation between acetazolamide and 4-hydroxybenzoic acid. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 219:419-426. [PMID: 31063956 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.04.082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 04/23/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Co-crystals have great potential for drug research and development because the formation of co-crystal is accompanied by changes inter-molecular interactions between starting materials that enable to improve both physical and chemical properties of active pharmaceutical ingredients. In order to provide a more profound insight into the structural changes of specific drugs upon co-crystallization, spectroscopic characterization of solid-state acetazolamide (ACZ), 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (4HBA) and their co-crystal prepared by mechanical grinding approach has been performed with spectral techniques including terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and Raman spectroscopy. Experimental THz spectra show that the ACZ-4HBA co-crystal has a few significantly different absorption peaks in 0.82, 1.16, 1.28 and 1.64 THz respectively compared with parent materials in the frequency region from 0.2 to 1.8 THz. Likewise, such differences between the co-crystal and starting compounds could also be characterized by Raman vibrational spectra. Moreover, density functional theory (DFT) calculations were performed to simulate optimized structures and vibrational modes of three kind of possible co-crystal theoretical forms (form I, II and III) between ACZ and 4HBA. Theoretical results and THz/Raman vibrational spectra of ACZ-4HBA co-crystal show that the 4HBA links to the thiadiazole acetamide fragment of ACZ via the double-bridged heterodimeric synthon C(N)NH⋯HOOC inter-molecular hydrogen bonding interaction establishing the theoretical form I, which is more consistent with experimental observations than other two possible theoretical co-crystal forms. These results provide rich information and unique method for characterizing the composition of co-crystal structures and also inter-molecular interactions shown within pharmaceutical co-crystallization process at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaguo Wang
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiadan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianyuan Qin
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jianjun Liu
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yong Du
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Synthesis, Crystal Structure, and Solubility Analysis of a Famotidine Cocrystal. CRYSTALS 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/cryst9070360] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
A novel cocrystal of the potent H2 receptor antagonist famotidine (FMT) was synthesized with malonic acid (MAL) to enhance its solubility. The cocrystal structure was characterized by X-ray single crystal diffraction, and the asymmetry unit contains one FMT and one MAL connected via intermolecular hydrogen bonds. The crystal structure is monoclinic with a P21/n space group and unit cell parameters a = 7.0748 (3) Å, b = 26.6502 (9) Å, c = 9.9823 (4) Å, α = 90, β = 104.2228 (12), γ = 90, V = 1824.42 (12) Å3, and Z = 4. The cocrystal had unique thermal, spectroscopic, and powder X-ray diffraction (PXRD) properties that differed from FMT. The solubility of the famotidine-malonic acid cocrystal (FMT-MAL) was 4.2-fold higher than FMT; the FAM-MAL had no change in FMT stability at high temperature, high humidity, or with illumination.
Collapse
|
24
|
Wang Y, Xue J, Wang Q, Jin S, Zhang Z, Hong Z, Du Y. Structural investigation of a 2:1 co-crystal between diflunisal and isonicotinamide based on terahertz and Raman spectroscopy. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2019; 216:98-104. [PMID: 30884353 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.03.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2018] [Revised: 01/18/2019] [Accepted: 03/10/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
In order to characterize molecular structure changes of drugs upon co-crystallization by means of spectroscopic techniques, vibrational spectra of solid-state diflunisal (DIF), isonicotinamide (ISO) and their 2:1 co-crystal have been investigated by using terahertz time-domain spectroscopy (THz-TDS) and Raman spectroscopy. A 2:1 DIF-ISO co-crystal between DIF and ISO has been synthesized by slow solution crystallization from ethanol. The experimental THz spectroscopy shows that the co-crystal has a few significantly different absorption peaks compared with raw parent materials within the frequency region from 0.2 to 1.6 THz. Likewise, some differences of vibrational spectra between the co-crystal and starting compounds could also be characterized by Raman spectral results. Density functional theory (DFT) was used to simulate optimized structures and vibrational modes of two kind of possible co-crystal theoretical forms (form I and II) between DIF and ISO. Theoretical co-crystal form I is shown with 2:1 theoretical binary-adduct formed by carboxylic acid-amide and carboxylic acid-pyridine under inter-molecular hydrogen bonding. Theoretical co-crystal form II has a similar structure as form I, meanwhile the only difference is that O63 atom simultaneously forms hydrogen bond with H33 and H64. Also the hydroxyl -OH and carboxyl group -COOH establish molecular heterocycle under intra-molecular hydrogen bonds in both forms. The theoretical results show that both THz and Raman spectra of co-crystal form II between DIF and ISO is more consistent with the experimental observations than those of co-crystal form I. These results provide us with a wealth of information and unique method for characterizing the composition of co-crystal structures and also inter-molecular hydrogen bonding interactions shown within pharmaceutical co-crystallization at the molecular level.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yaguo Wang
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Jiadan Xue
- Department of Chemistry, Zhejiang Sci-Tech University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Qiqi Wang
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Shunji Jin
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Ziming Zhang
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Zhi Hong
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China
| | - Yong Du
- Centre for THz Research, China Jiliang University, Hangzhou 310018, China.
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Anzilaggo D, O’Reilly Beringhs A, Pezzini BR, Sonaglio D, Stulzer HK. Liquisolid systems: Understanding the impact of drug state (solution or dispersion), nonvolatile solvent and coating material on simvastatin apparent aqueous solubility and flowability. Colloids Surf B Biointerfaces 2019; 175:36-43. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfb.2018.11.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/29/2018] [Revised: 11/06/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
|
26
|
State of the Art of Pharmaceutical Solid Forms: from Crystal Property Issues to Nanocrystals Formulation. ChemMedChem 2018; 14:8-23. [DOI: 10.1002/cmdc.201800612] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 11/09/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
|
27
|
Application of Box–Behnken design for processing of mefenamic acid–paracetamol cocrystals using gas anti-solvent (GAS) process. J CO2 UTIL 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcou.2018.05.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
|
28
|
Sverdlov Arzi R, Sosnik A. Electrohydrodynamic atomization and spray-drying for the production of pure drug nanocrystals and co-crystals. Adv Drug Deliv Rev 2018; 131:79-100. [PMID: 30031740 DOI: 10.1016/j.addr.2018.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2018] [Revised: 07/12/2018] [Accepted: 07/17/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, nanotechnology has offered attractive opportunities to overcome the (bio)pharmaceutical drawbacks of most drugs such as low aqueous solubility and bioavailability. Among the numerous methodologies that have been applied to improve drug performance, a special emphasis has been made on those that increase the dissolution rate and the saturation solubility by the reduction of the particle size of pure drugs to the nanoscale and the associated increase of the specific surface area. Different top-down and bottom-up methods have been implemented, each one with its own pros and cons. Over the last years, the latter that rely on the dissolution of the drug in a proper solvent and its crystallization or co-crystallization by precipitation in an anti-solvent or, conversely, by solvent evaporation have gained remarkable impulse owing to the ability to adjust features such as size, size distribution, morphology and to control the amorphous/crystalline nature of the product. In this framework, electrohydrodynamic atomization (also called electrospraying) and spray-drying excel due to their simplicity and potential scalability. Moreover, they do not necessarily require suspension stabilizers and dry products are often produced during the formation of the nanoparticles what ensures physicochemical stability for longer times than liquid products. This review overviews the potential of these two technologies for the production of pure drug nanocrystals and co-crystals and discusses the recent technological advances and challenges for their implementation in pharmaceutical research and development.
Collapse
|
29
|
Saha S, Desiraju GR. Acid···Amide Supramolecular Synthon in Cocrystals: From Spectroscopic Detection to Property Engineering. J Am Chem Soc 2018; 140:6361-6373. [PMID: 29697258 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.8b02435] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
The acid···amide dimer heterosynthon in cocrystals of aromatic acids and primary amides is identified by marker peaks in the IR spectra that are characteristic of individual N-H···O and O-H···O interactions and also of the extended synthon. The O-H···O hydrogen bond is crucial to heterodimer formation in contrast to the N-H···O bond. A combinatorial study, tuning the chemical nature of acid and amide functionalities, leads to 22 cocrystals out of 36 crystallization attempts. Four quadrants I-IV are defined based on acidity and basicity of the acid and amide components. The strong acid-strong base combination in quadrant I favors the planar acid···amide heterodimer in its eight cocrystals. Quadrant IV with its weak acid-weak base combination is the least favored for the planar heterosynthon and synthon diversity is observed in the eight cocrystals obtained. The strong-weak and weak-strong combinations in quadrants II and III are expectedly ambivalent. This exercise highlights the effect of molecular features on supramolecular behavior. Quadrant I crystals, with their propensity for the planar acid···amide heterodimer are suitable for the engineering of crystals that can be sheared. This quadrant favors the formation of elastic crystals too. The overall result is that 57% (4 in 7) of all crystals in this quadrant are deformable, compared with 14% (1 in 7) in the three other quadrants. This work is a complete crystal engineering exercise from synthon identification to a particular desired crystal packing to property selection. One can virtually anticipate the mechanical property of a putative acid···amide cocrystal from a knowledge of just the molecular structures of the constituent acid and amide molecules.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Subhankar Saha
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012 , India
| | - Gautam R Desiraju
- Solid State and Structural Chemistry Unit , Indian Institute of Science , Bangalore 560 012 , India
| |
Collapse
|
30
|
Cunha MS, Ribeiro CEP, Corrêa CC, Diniz R. The Hirshfeld surface of three new isonicotinylhydrazine co-crystals: Comparison of hydrogen bonds and crystal structures. J Mol Struct 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2017.09.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
|
31
|
Du S, Wang Y, Wu S, Yu B, Shi P, Bian L, Zhang D, Hou J, Wang J, Gong J. Two novel cocrystals of lamotrigine with isomeric bipyridines and in situ monitoring of the cocrystallization. Eur J Pharm Sci 2017; 110:19-25. [PMID: 28587788 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejps.2017.06.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2017] [Revised: 05/31/2017] [Accepted: 06/01/2017] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Crystal engineering strategy was applied to develop new solid forms of lamotrigine. Two novel cocrystals of lamotrigine forming with 4,4'-bipyridine (2:1) and 2,2'-bipyridine cocrystal (1:1.5) were successfully obtained by neat grinding and liquid assisted grinding. The novel cocrystals were fully characterized and confirmed by X-ray diffraction, thermal and spectroscopic analysis. DXRxi Raman microscope was also used to identify the cocrystals. The factors such as solvent and the structure of coformers which influenced the cocrystal formation were discussed. Furthermore, the novel cocrystals were both obtained by slurry crystallization. Process analytical technologies including focused beam reflectance measurement and attenuated total reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared were applied to investigate the cocrystallization process and the mechanism. HPLC analysis showed that the dissolution rate and the solubility of the two novel cocrystals were both improved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Shichao Du
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Yan Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Songgu Wu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Yu
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Peng Shi
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Lin Bian
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Dejiang Zhang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jie Hou
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jingkang Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency in Tianjin University, Tianjin, China
| | - Junbo Gong
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; The Co-Innovation Center of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering of Tianjin, Tianjin University, Tianjin, China; Key Laboratory Modern Drug Delivery and High Efficiency in Tianjin University, Tianjin, China.
| |
Collapse
|
32
|
Drozd KV, Manin AN, Churakov AV, Perlovich GL. Novel drug–drug cocrystals of carbamazepine with para-aminosalicylic acid: screening, crystal structures and comparative study of carbamazepine cocrystal formation thermodynamics. CrystEngComm 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ce00831g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 41] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The cocrystal formation of the anticonvulsant drug carbamazepine (CBZ) with para-aminosalicylic acid (PASA, antituberculous drug) has been studied by varying methods.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ksenia V. Drozd
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ivanovo
- Russia
| | - Alex N. Manin
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ivanovo
- Russia
| | | | - German L. Perlovich
- G.A. Krestov Institute of Solution Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences
- Ivanovo
- Russia
| |
Collapse
|