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Wang Z, Zhou Y, Qiu P, Xia C, Fang W, Jin J, Huang L, Deng P, Su Y, Crespo-Otero R, Tian X, You B, Guo W, Di Tommaso D, Pang Y, Ding S, Xia BY. Advanced Catalyst Design and Reactor Configuration Upgrade in Electrochemical Carbon Dioxide Conversion. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2023; 35:e2303052. [PMID: 37589167 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202303052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2023] [Revised: 07/28/2023] [Indexed: 08/18/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical carbon dioxide reduction reaction (CO2 RR) driven by renewable energy shows great promise in mitigating and potentially reversing the devastating effects of anthropogenic climate change and environmental degradation. The simultaneous synthesis of energy-dense chemicals can meet global energy demand while decoupling emissions from economic growth. However, the development of CO2 RR technology faces challenges in catalyst discovery and device optimization that hinder their industrial implementation. In this contribution, a comprehensive overview of the current state of CO2 RR research is provided, starting with the background and motivation for this technology, followed by the fundamentals and evaluated metrics. Then the underlying design principles of electrocatalysts are discussed, emphasizing their structure-performance correlations and advanced electrochemical assembly cells that can increase CO2 RR selectivity and throughput. Finally, the review looks to the future and identifies opportunities for innovation in mechanism discovery, material screening strategies, and device assemblies to move toward a carbon-neutral society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhitong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yansong Zhou
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Peng Qiu
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Chenfeng Xia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wensheng Fang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Jian Jin
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Lei Huang
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Peilin Deng
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Yaqiong Su
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Rd, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Rachel Crespo-Otero
- Department of Chemistry, University of College London, 20 Gordon Street, London, WC1H 0AJ, UK
| | - Xinlong Tian
- School of Marine Science and Engineering, Hainan Provincial Key Lab of Fine Chemistry, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hainan University, Haikou, 570228, China
| | - Bo You
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Wei Guo
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Devis Di Tommaso
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, Queen Mary University of London, Mile End Road, London, E1 4NS, UK
| | - Yuanjie Pang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Road, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Shujiang Ding
- School of Chemistry, Xi'an Jiaotong University, 28 Xianning West Rd, Xi'an, 710049, China
| | - Bao Yu Xia
- Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry for Energy Conversion and Storage (Ministry of Education), Hubei Key Laboratory of Material Chemistry and Service Failure, State Key Laboratory of Materials Processing and Die & Mould Technology, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Huazhong University of Science and Technology (HUST), 1037 Luoyu Rd, Wuhan, 430074, China
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Kumar A, Pupo M, Petrov KV, Ramdin M, van Ommen JR, de Jong W, Kortlever R. A Quantitative Analysis of Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction on Copper in Organic Amide and Nitrile-Based Electrolytes. THE JOURNAL OF PHYSICAL CHEMISTRY. C, NANOMATERIALS AND INTERFACES 2023; 127:12857-12866. [PMID: 37465054 PMCID: PMC10350962 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcc.3c01955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Revised: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 07/20/2023]
Abstract
Aqueous electrolytes used in CO2 electroreduction typically have a CO2 solubility of around 34 mM under ambient conditions, contributing to mass transfer limitations in the system. Non-aqueous electrolytes exhibit higher CO2 solubility (by 5-8-fold) and also provide possibilities to suppress the undesired hydrogen evolution reaction (HER). On the other hand, a proton donor is needed to produce many of the products commonly obtained with aqueous electrolytes. This work investigates the electrochemical CO2 reduction performance of copper in non-aqueous electrolytes based on dimethylformamide (DMF), n-methyl-2-pyrrolidone (NMP), and acetonitrile (ACN). The main objective is to analyze whether non-aqueous electrolytes are a viable alternative to aqueous electrolytes for hydrocarbon production. Additionally, the effects of aqueous/non-aqueous anolytes, membrane, and the selection of a potential window on the electrochemical CO2 reduction performance are addressed in this study. Experiments with pure DMF and NMP mainly produced oxalate with a faradaic efficiency (FE) reaching >80%; however, pure ACN mainly produced hydrogen and formate due to the presence of more residual water in the system. Addition of 5% (v/v) water to the non-aqueous electrolytes resulted in increased HER and formate production with negligible hydrocarbon production. Hence, we conclude that aqueous electrolytes remain a better choice for the production of hydrocarbons and alcohols on a copper electrode, while organic electrolytes based on DMF and NMP can be used to obtain a high selectivity toward oxalate and formate.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asvin
Sajeev Kumar
- Department
of Process & Energy, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime & Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Marilia Pupo
- Department
of Process & Energy, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime & Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Kostadin V. Petrov
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The
Netherlands
| | - Mahinder Ramdin
- Department
of Process & Energy, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime & Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - J. Ruud van Ommen
- Department
of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Applied Sciences, Delft University of Technology, Van der Maasweg 9, 2629 HZ Delft, The
Netherlands
| | - Wiebren de Jong
- Department
of Process & Energy, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime & Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud Kortlever
- Department
of Process & Energy, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime & Materials
Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628 CB Delft, The Netherlands
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3
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Wang X, Hu Q, Li G, Yang H, He C. Recent Advances and Perspectives of Electrochemical CO2 Reduction Toward C2+ Products on Cu-Based Catalysts. ELECTROCHEM ENERGY R 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s41918-022-00171-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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4
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Liu C, Mei X, Han C, Gong X, Song P, Xu W. Tuning strategies and structure effects of electrocatalysts for carbon dioxide reduction reaction. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(21)63965-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chen J, Wang L. Effects of the Catalyst Dynamic Changes and Influence of the Reaction Environment on the Performance of Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2022; 34:e2103900. [PMID: 34595773 DOI: 10.1002/adma.202103900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2021] [Revised: 07/21/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide (CO2 ) is substantially researched due to its potential for storing intermittent renewable electricity and simultaneously helping mitigating the pressing CO2 emission concerns. The major challenge of electrochemical CO2 reduction lies on having good controls of this reaction due to its complicated reaction networks and its unusual sensitivity to the dynamic changes of the catalyst structure (chemical states, compositions, facets and morphology, etc.), and to the non-catalyst components at the electrode/electrolyte interface, in another word the reaction environments. To date, a comprehensive analysis on the interplays between the above catalyst-dynamic-changes/reaction environments and the CO2 reduction performance is rare, if not none. In this review, the catalyst dynamic changes observed during the catalysis are discussed based on the recent reports of electrochemical CO2 reduction. Then, the above dynamic changes are correlated to their effects on the catalytic performance. The influences of the reaction environments on the performance of CO2 reduction are also discussed. Finally, some perspectives on future investigations are offered with the aim of understanding the origins of the effects from the catalyst dynamic changes and the reaction environments, which will allow one to better control the CO2 reduction toward the desired products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiayi Chen
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 117585, Singapore
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6
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Dawass N, Langeveld J, Ramdin M, Pérez-Gallent E, Villanueva AA, Giling EJM, Langerak J, van den Broeke LJP, Vlugt TJH, Moultos OA. Solubilities and Transport Properties of CO 2, Oxalic Acid, and Formic Acid in Mixed Solvents Composed of Deep Eutectic Solvents, Methanol, and Propylene Carbonate. J Phys Chem B 2022; 126:3572-3584. [PMID: 35507866 PMCID: PMC9125562 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jpcb.2c01425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
![]()
Recently, deep eutectic
solvents (DES) have been considered as
possible electrolytes for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to value-added products such as formic and oxalic acids.
The applicability of pure DES as electrolytes is hindered by high
viscosities. Mixtures of DES with organic solvents can be a promising
way of designing superior electrolytes by exploiting the advantages
of each solvent type. In this study, densities, viscosities, diffusivities,
and ionic conductivities of mixed solvents comprising DES (i.e., reline
and ethaline), methanol, and propylene carbonate were computed using
molecular simulations. To provide a quantitative assessment of the
affinity and mass transport of CO2 and oxalic and formic
acids in the mixed solvents, the solubilities and self-diffusivities
of these solutes were also computed. Our results show that the addition
of DES to the organic solvents enhances the solubilities of oxalic
and formic acids, while the solubility of CO2 in the ethaline-containing
mixtures are in the same order of magnitude with the respective pure
organic components. A monotonic increase in the densities and viscosities
of the mixed solvents is observed as the mole fraction of DES in the
mixture increases, with the exception of the density of ethaline-propylene
carbonate which shows the opposite behavior due to the high viscosity
of the pure organic component. The self-diffusivities of all species
in the mixtures significantly decrease as the mole fraction of DES
approaches unity. Similarly, the self-diffusivities of the dissolved
CO2 and the oxalic and formic acids also decrease by at
least 1 order of magnitude as the composition of the mixture shifts
from the pure organic component to pure DES. The computed ionic conductivities
of all mixed solvents show a maximum value for mole fractions of DES
in the range from 0.2 to 0.6 and decrease as more DES is added to
the mixtures. Since for most mixtures studied here no prior experimental
measurements exist, our findings can serve as a first data set based
on which further investigation of DES-containing electrolyte solutions
can be performed for the electrochemical reduction of CO2 to useful chemicals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noura Dawass
- Chemical Engineering Program, Texas A&M University at Qatar, P.O. Box 23874, Doha, Qatar
| | - Jilles Langeveld
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Mahinder Ramdin
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Elena Pérez-Gallent
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNO, Delft, Zuid-Holland 2628CA, The Netherlands
| | - Angel A Villanueva
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNO, Delft, Zuid-Holland 2628CA, The Netherlands
| | - Erwin J M Giling
- Department of Sustainable Process and Energy Systems, TNO, Delft, Zuid-Holland 2628CA, The Netherlands
| | - Jort Langerak
- Research and Development Department, DMT Environmental Technology, Yndustrywei 3, 8501SN Joure, The Netherlands
| | - Leo J P van den Broeke
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J H Vlugt
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Othonas A Moultos
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
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7
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Sargeant E, Rodríguez P. Electrochemical conversion of CO
2
in non‐conventional electrolytes: Recent achievements and future challenges. ELECTROCHEMICAL SCIENCE ADVANCES 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/elsa.202100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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8
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Maniam KK, Paul S. Ionic Liquids and Deep Eutectic Solvents for CO 2 Conversion Technologies-A Review. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2021; 14:4519. [PMID: 34443042 PMCID: PMC8399058 DOI: 10.3390/ma14164519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2021] [Revised: 08/04/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Ionic liquids (ILs) have a wide range of potential uses in renewable energy, including CO2 capture and electrochemical conversion. With the goal of providing a critical overview of the progression, new challenges, and prospects of ILs for evolving green renewable energy processes, this review emphasizes the significance of ILs as electrolytes and reaction media in two primary areas of interest: CO2 electroreduction and organic molecule electrosynthesis via CO2 transformation. Herein, we briefly summarize the most recent advances in the field, as well as approaches based on the electrochemical conversion of CO2 to industrially important compounds employing ILs as an electrolyte and/or reaction media. In addition, the review also discusses the advances made possible by deep eutectic solvents (DESs) in CO2 electroreduction to CO. Finally, the critical techno-commercial issues connected with employing ILs and DESs as an electrolyte or ILs as reaction media are reviewed, along with a future perspective on the path to rapid industrialization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kranthi Kumar Maniam
- Materials Innovation Centre, School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
| | - Shiladitya Paul
- Materials Innovation Centre, School of Engineering, University of Leicester, Leicester LE1 7RH, UK;
- Materials and Structural and Integrity Technology Group, TWI, Cambridge CB21 6AL, UK
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9
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Wang G, Chen J, Ding Y, Cai P, Yi L, Li Y, Tu C, Hou Y, Wen Z, Dai L. Electrocatalysis for CO2 conversion: from fundamentals to value-added products. Chem Soc Rev 2021; 50:4993-5061. [DOI: 10.1039/d0cs00071j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 205] [Impact Index Per Article: 68.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
This timely and comprehensive review mainly summarizes advances in heterogeneous electroreduction of CO2: from fundamentals to value-added products.
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10
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junge Puring K, Evers O, Prokein M, Siegmund D, Scholten F, Mölders N, Renner M, Roldan Cuenya B, Petermann M, Weidner E, Apfel UP. Assessing the Influence of Supercritical Carbon Dioxide on the Electrochemical Reduction to Formic Acid Using Carbon-Supported Copper Catalysts. ACS Catal 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/acscatal.0c02983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Kai junge Puring
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Olga Evers
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
- Institute for Particle Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Michael Prokein
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Daniel Siegmund
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Fabian Scholten
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Nils Mölders
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Manfred Renner
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
| | - Beatriz Roldan Cuenya
- Department of Interface Science, Fritz-Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society, Faradayweg 4-6, 14195 Berlin, Germany
| | - Marcus Petermann
- Institute for Particle Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Eckhard Weidner
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
- Institute for Particle Technology, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
| | - Ulf-Peter Apfel
- Fraunhofer UMSICHT, Osterfelder Straße 3, 46047 Oberhausen, Germany
- Inorganic Chemistry I, Ruhr University Bochum, Universitätsstraße 150, 44801 Bochum, Germany
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An experimental study of electroreduction of CO2 to HCOOH on SnO2/C in presence of alkali metal cations (Li+, Na+, K+, Rb+ and Cs+) and anions (HCO3−, Cl−, Br− and I−). Chin J Chem Eng 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cjche.2020.04.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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12
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Li J, Kuang Y, Meng Y, Tian X, Hung WH, Zhang X, Li A, Xu M, Zhou W, Ku CS, Chiang CY, Zhu G, Guo J, Sun X, Dai H. Electroreduction of CO2 to Formate on a Copper-Based Electrocatalyst at High Pressures with High Energy Conversion Efficiency. J Am Chem Soc 2020; 142:7276-7282. [DOI: 10.1021/jacs.0c00122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 95] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jiachen Li
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Yun Kuang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yongtao Meng
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xin Tian
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Wei-Hsuan Hung
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
- Institute of Materials Science and Engineering, National Central University, Taoyuan 32001, Taiwan
| | - Xiao Zhang
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Aowen Li
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Mingquan Xu
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Wu Zhou
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ching-Shun Ku
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Ching-Yu Chiang
- National Synchrotron Radiation Research Center, Hsinchu 30076, Taiwan
| | - Guanzhou Zhu
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Jinyu Guo
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
| | - Xiaoming Sun
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Resource Engineering and Beijing Advanced Innovation Center for Soft Matter Science and Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Hongjie Dai
- Department of Chemistry, Stanford University, Stanford, California 94305, United States
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13
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Kibria MG, Edwards JP, Gabardo CM, Dinh CT, Seifitokaldani A, Sinton D, Sargent EH. Electrochemical CO 2 Reduction into Chemical Feedstocks: From Mechanistic Electrocatalysis Models to System Design. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1807166. [PMID: 31095806 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201807166] [Citation(s) in RCA: 392] [Impact Index Per Article: 78.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2018] [Revised: 12/16/2018] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The electrochemical reduction of CO2 is a promising route to convert intermittent renewable energy to storable fuels and valuable chemical feedstocks. To scale this technology for industrial implementation, a deepened understanding of how the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR) proceeds will help converge on optimal operating parameters. Here, a techno-economic analysis is presented with the goal of identifying maximally profitable products and the performance targets that must be met to ensure economic viability-metrics that include current density, Faradaic efficiency, energy efficiency, and stability. The latest computational understanding of the CO2 RR is discussed along with how this can contribute to the rational design of efficient, selective, and stable electrocatalysts. Catalyst materials are classified according to their selectivity for products of interest and their potential to achieve performance targets is assessed. The recent progress and opportunities in system design for CO2 electroreduction are described. To conclude, the remaining technological challenges are highlighted, suggesting full-cell energy efficiency as a guiding performance metric for industrial impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Golam Kibria
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Jonathan P Edwards
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Christine M Gabardo
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Cao-Thang Dinh
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - Ali Seifitokaldani
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
| | - David Sinton
- Department of Mechanical and Industrial Engineering, University of Toronto, 5 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G8, Canada
| | - Edward H Sargent
- Department of Electrical and Computer Engineering, University of Toronto, 10 King's College Road, Toronto, Ontario, M5S 3G4, Canada
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Solvents and Supporting Electrolytes in the Electrocatalytic Reduction of CO 2. iScience 2019; 19:135-160. [PMID: 31369986 PMCID: PMC6669325 DOI: 10.1016/j.isci.2019.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 114] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2019] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Different electrolytes applied in the aqueous electrocatalytic CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) considerably influence the catalyst performance. Their concentration, species, buffer capacity, and pH value influence the local reaction conditions and impact the product distribution of the electrocatalyst. Relevant properties of prospective solvents include their basicity, CO2 solubility, conductivity, and toxicity, which affect the CO2RR and the applicability of the solvents. The complexity of an electrochemical system impedes the direct correlation between a single parameter and cell performance indicators such as the Faradaic efficiency; thus the effects of different electrolytes are often not fully comprehended. For an industrial application, a deeper understanding of the effects described in this review can help with the prediction of performance, as well as the development of scalable electrolyzers. In this review, the application of supporting electrolytes and different solvents in the CO2RR reported in the literature are summarized and discussed.
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Ramdin M, Morrison ART, de Groen M, van Haperen R, de Kler R, van den Broeke LJP, Trusler JPM, de Jong W, Vlugt TJH. High Pressure Electrochemical Reduction of CO 2 to Formic Acid/Formate: A Comparison between Bipolar Membranes and Cation Exchange Membranes. Ind Eng Chem Res 2019; 58:1834-1847. [PMID: 30774193 PMCID: PMC6369647 DOI: 10.1021/acs.iecr.8b04944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 73] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Accepted: 01/14/2019] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
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A high pressure semicontinuous batch
electrolyzer is used to convert
CO2 to formic acid/formate on a tin-based cathode using
bipolar membranes (BPMs) and cation exchange membranes (CEMs). The
effects of CO2 pressure up to 50 bar, electrolyte concentration,
flow rate, cell potential, and the two types of membranes on the current
density (CD) and Faraday efficiency (FE) for formic acid/formate are
investigated. Increasing the CO2 pressure yields a high
FE up to 90% at a cell potential of 3.5 V and a CD of ∼30 mA/cm2. The FE decreases significantly at higher cell potentials
and current densities, and lower pressures. Up to 2 wt % formate was
produced at a cell potential of 4 V, a CD of ∼100 mA/cm2, and a FE of 65%. The advantages and disadvantages of using
BPMs and CEMs in electrochemical cells for CO2 conversion
to formic acid/formate are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahinder Ramdin
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Andrew R T Morrison
- Large-Scale Energy Storage, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | | | - Rien van Haperen
- Coval Energy, Wilhelminasingel 14, 4818AA Breda, The Netherlands
| | - Robert de Kler
- Coval Energy, Wilhelminasingel 14, 4818AA Breda, The Netherlands
| | | | - J P Martin Trusler
- Imperial College London, South Kensington Campus, London SW7 2AZ, United Kingdom
| | - Wiebren de Jong
- Large-Scale Energy Storage, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
| | - Thijs J H Vlugt
- Engineering Thermodynamics, Process & Energy Department, Faculty of Mechanical, Maritime and Materials Engineering, Delft University of Technology, Leeghwaterstraat 39, 2628CB Delft, The Netherlands
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CuO Nanoparticles Supported on TiO2 with High Efficiency for CO2 Electrochemical Reduction to Ethanol. Catalysts 2018. [DOI: 10.3390/catal8040171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 47] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
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Wu J, Zhou XD. Catalytic conversion of CO2 to value added fuels: Current status, challenges, and future directions. CHINESE JOURNAL OF CATALYSIS 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/s1872-2067(16)62455-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 82] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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Qiao J, Fan M, Fu Y, Bai Z, Ma C, Liu Y, Zhou XD. Highly-active copper oxide/copper electrocatalysts induced from hierarchical copper oxide nanospheres for carbon dioxide reduction reaction. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.09.147] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Jones JP, Prakash GKS, Olah GA. Electrochemical CO2Reduction: Recent Advances and Current Trends. Isr J Chem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/ijch.201400081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 294] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Goeppert A, Czaun M, Jones JP, Surya Prakash GK, Olah GA. Recycling of carbon dioxide to methanol and derived products - closing the loop. Chem Soc Rev 2014; 43:7995-8048. [PMID: 24935751 DOI: 10.1039/c4cs00122b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 628] [Impact Index Per Article: 62.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Starting with coal, followed by petroleum oil and natural gas, the utilization of fossil fuels has allowed the fast and unprecedented development of human society. However, the burning of these resources in ever increasing pace is accompanied by large amounts of anthropogenic CO2 emissions, which are outpacing the natural carbon cycle, causing adverse global environmental changes, the full extent of which is still unclear. Even through fossil fuels are still abundant, they are nevertheless limited and will, in time, be depleted. Chemical recycling of CO2 to renewable fuels and materials, primarily methanol, offers a powerful alternative to tackle both issues, that is, global climate change and fossil fuel depletion. The energy needed for the reduction of CO2 can come from any renewable energy source such as solar and wind. Methanol, the simplest C1 liquid product that can be easily obtained from any carbon source, including biomass and CO2, has been proposed as a key component of such an anthropogenic carbon cycle in the framework of a "Methanol Economy". Methanol itself is an excellent fuel for internal combustion engines, fuel cells, stoves, etc. It's dehydration product, dimethyl ether, is a diesel fuel and liquefied petroleum gas (LPG) substitute. Furthermore, methanol can be transformed to ethylene, propylene and most of the petrochemical products currently obtained from fossil fuels. The conversion of CO2 to methanol is discussed in detail in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alain Goeppert
- Loker Hydrocarbon Research Institute and Department of Chemistry, University of Southern California, University Park, Los Angeles, CA 90089-1661, USA.
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Lu X, Leung DYC, Wang H, Leung MKH, Xuan J. Electrochemical Reduction of Carbon Dioxide to Formic Acid. ChemElectroChem 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201300206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 164] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Senthil Kumar R, Senthil Kumar S, Anbu Kulandainathan M. Highly selective electrochemical reduction of carbon dioxide using Cu based metal organic framework as an electrocatalyst. Electrochem commun 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2012.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 207] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
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Pérez-Rodríguez S, García G, Calvillo L, Celorrio V, Pastor E, Lázaro MJ. Carbon-Supported Fe Catalysts forCO2Electroreduction to High-Added Value Products: A DEMS Study: Effect of the Functionalization of the Support. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ELECTROCHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.4061/2011/249804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Vulcan XC-72R-supported Fe catalysts have been synthesised for the electroreduction of CO2to high-added value products. Catalysts were obtained by the polyol method, using ethylene glycol as solvent and reducing agent. Prior to the metal deposition, Vulcan was subjected to different oxidation treatments in order to modify its surface chemistry and study its influence on the physicochemical and electrochemical properties of the catalysts, as well as on the product distribution. The oxidation treatments of the supports modify their textural properties, but do not affect significantly the physicochemical properties of catalysts. However, DEMS studies showed that the carbon support degradation, the distribution of products, and the catalytic activity toward the CO2electroreduction reaction depend significantly on the surface chemistry of the carbon support.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. Pérez-Rodríguez
- Instituto de Carboquímica CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - G. García
- Departmento de Química-Física, Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Spain
- Instituto de Catálisis y Petroleoquímica, CSIC, c/Marie Curie 2, 2. 28049 Madrid, Spain
| | - L. Calvillo
- Instituto de Carboquímica CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - V. Celorrio
- Instituto de Carboquímica CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
| | - E. Pastor
- Departmento de Química-Física, Instituto Universitario de Materiales y Nanotecnología, Universidad de La Laguna, Avenida Astrofísico F. Sánchez s/n, 38071 La Laguna, Spain
| | - M. J. Lázaro
- Instituto de Carboquímica CSIC, Miguel Luesma Castán 4, 50018 Zaragoza, Spain
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WANG H, DU YF, LIN MY, ZHANG K, LU JX. Electrochemical Reduction and Carboxylation of Ethyl Cinnamate in MeCN. CHINESE J CHEM 2008. [DOI: 10.1002/cjoc.200890316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Efficient electrochemical dicarboxylations of arylacetylenes with carbon dioxide using nickel as the cathode. Tetrahedron 2008. [DOI: 10.1016/j.tet.2008.04.053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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