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Chen TW, Kalimuthu P, Veerakumar P, Lin KC, Chen SM, Ramachandran R, Mariyappan V, Chitra S. Recent Developments in Carbon-Based Nanocomposites for Fuel Cell Applications: A Review. Molecules 2022; 27:761. [PMID: 35164025 PMCID: PMC8915178 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27030761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 01/15/2022] [Accepted: 01/19/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Carbon-based nanocomposites have developed as the most promising and emerging materials in nanoscience and technology during the last several years. They are microscopic materials that range in size from 1 to 100 nanometers. They may be distinguished from bulk materials by their size, shape, increased surface-to-volume ratio, and unique physical and chemical characteristics. Carbon nanocomposite matrixes are often created by combining more than two distinct solid phase types. The nanocomposites that were constructed exhibit unique properties, such as significantly enhanced toughness, mechanical strength, and thermal/electrochemical conductivity. As a result of these advantages, nanocomposites have been used in a variety of applications, including catalysts, electrochemical sensors, biosensors, and energy storage devices, among others. This study focuses on the usage of several forms of carbon nanomaterials, such as carbon aerogels, carbon nanofibers, graphene, carbon nanotubes, and fullerenes, in the development of hydrogen fuel cells. These fuel cells have been successfully employed in numerous commercial sectors in recent years, notably in the car industry, due to their cost-effectiveness, eco-friendliness, and long-cyclic durability. Further; we discuss the principles, reaction mechanisms, and cyclic stability of the fuel cells and also new strategies and future challenges related to the development of viable fuel cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Materials, Imperial College London, London SW7 2AZ, UK;
| | - Palraj Kalimuthu
- School of Chemistry and Molecular Biosciences, University of Queensland, Brisbane 4072, Australia;
| | - Pitchaimani Veerakumar
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - King-Chuen Lin
- Department of Chemistry, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan;
- Institute of Atomic and Molecular Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Electroanalysis and Bio-electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Rasu Ramachandran
- Department of Chemistry, The Madura College, Vidhya Nagar, T.P.K. Road, Madurai 625011, India
| | - Vinitha Mariyappan
- Electroanalysis and Bio-electrochemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology, National Taipei University of Technology, Taipei 106, Taiwan;
| | - Selvam Chitra
- Department of Chemistry, Alagappa Government Arts College, Karaikudi 630003, India;
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Volfkovich YM, Sosenkin VE, Maiorova NA, Rychagov AY, Baskakov SA, Kabachkov EN, Korepanov VI, Dremova NN, Baskakova YV, Shulga YM. Graphene-Based Aerogels Possessing Superhydrophilic and Superhydrophobic Properties and Their Application for Electroreduction of Molecular Oxygen. COLLOID JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061933x21030157] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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3
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Kaneto K, Uto S. Ascorbic Acid Fuel Cells Using Nano Carbon and Conducting Polymer Composites for Anode and Paper for Separator. CHEM LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.200247] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kaneto
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka, 535-8585, Japan
| | - Sadahito Uto
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka, 535-8585, Japan
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Kaneto K, Nishikawa M, Uto S. Characteristics of Ascorbic Acid Fuel Cells Using SWCNT and PEDOT*PSS Composite Anodes. CHEM LETT 2019. [DOI: 10.1246/cl.190689] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Keiichi Kaneto
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Mao Nishikawa
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
| | - Sadahito Uto
- Faculty of Engineering, Osaka Institute of Technology, 5-16-1 Ohmiya, Asahi-ku, Osaka 535-8585, Japan
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Deshmukh MA, Shirsat MD, Ramanaviciene A, Ramanavicius A. Composites Based on Conducting Polymers and Carbon Nanomaterials for Heavy Metal Ion Sensing (Review). Crit Rev Anal Chem 2018; 48:293-304. [PMID: 29309211 DOI: 10.1080/10408347.2017.1422966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Current review signifies recent trends and challenges in the development of electrochemical sensors based on organic conducting polymers (OCPs), carbon nanotubes (CNTs) and their composites for the determination of trace heavy metal ions in water are reviewed. OCPs and CNTs have some suitable properties, such as good electrical, mechanical, chemical and structural properties as well as environmental stability, etc. However, some of these materials still have significant limitations toward selective and sensitive detection of trace heavy metal ions. To overcome the limitations of these individual materials, OCPs/CNTs composites were developed. Application of OCPs/CNTs composite and their novel properties for the adsorption and detection of heavy metal ions outlined and discussed in this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megha A Deshmukh
- a RUSA-Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Physics , Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University , Aurangabad , MS , India.,b NanoTechnas - Centre of Nanotechnology and Material Science , Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Mahendra D Shirsat
- a RUSA-Center for Advanced Sensor Technology, Department of Physics , Dr Babasaheb Ambedkar Marathwada University , Aurangabad , MS , India
| | - Almira Ramanaviciene
- b NanoTechnas - Centre of Nanotechnology and Material Science , Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania
| | - Arunas Ramanavicius
- b NanoTechnas - Centre of Nanotechnology and Material Science , Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania.,c Department of Physical Chemistry , Faculty of Chemistry and Geosciences, Vilnius University , Vilnius , Lithuania
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Yousaf AB, Khan R, Imran M, Fasehullah M, Zeb A, Zaidi SJ, Kasak P. Carbon nitride embedded MnO2 nanospheres decorated with low-content Pt nanoparticles as highly efficient and durable electrode material for solid state supercapacitors. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2017.07.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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7
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Jia B, Zhang W. Preparation and Application of Electrodes in Capacitive Deionization (CDI): a State-of-Art Review. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2016; 11:64. [PMID: 26842797 PMCID: PMC4740477 DOI: 10.1186/s11671-016-1284-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 63] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2015] [Accepted: 01/26/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
As a promising desalination technology, capacitive deionization (CDI) have shown practicality and cost-effectiveness in brackish water treatment. Developing more efficient electrode materials is the key to improving salt removal performance. This work reviewed current progress on electrode fabrication in application of CDI. Fundamental principal (e.g. EDL theory and adsorption isotherms) and process factors (e.g. pore distribution, potential, salt type and concentration) of CDI performance were presented first. It was then followed by in-depth discussion and comparison on properties and fabrication technique of different electrodes, including carbon aerogel, activated carbon, carbon nanotubes, graphene and ordered mesoporous carbon. Finally, polyaniline as conductive polymer and its potential application as CDI electrode-enhancing materials were also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Baoping Jia
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Changzhou University, Changzhou, Jiangsu, 213164, China
| | - Wei Zhang
- Centre for Water Management and Reuse, University of South Australia, Mawson Lakes, South Australia, 5095, Australia.
- Research Centre for Water Environment Technology, Department of Urban Engineering, University of Tokyo, Tokyo, 113-0033, Japan.
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Sun X, Zhang N, Huang X. Polyaniline-Coated Platinum Nanocube Assemblies as Enhanced Methanol Oxidation Electrocatalysts. ChemCatChem 2016. [DOI: 10.1002/cctc.201600923] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xiuhui Sun
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Nan Zhang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Jiangsu 215123 China
| | - Xiaoqing Huang
- College of Chemistry, Chemical Engineering and Materials Science; Soochow University; Jiangsu 215123 China
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9
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Optimization of Pt-Pd alloy catalyst and supporting materials for oxygen reduction in air-cathode Microbial Fuel Cells. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.235] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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10
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Zhou C, Du X, Liu H, Ringer SP, Liu Z. Enhancement of the catalytic performance of a CNT supported Pt nanorod cluster catalyst by controlling their microstructure. RSC Adv 2015. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra13373d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Novel catalysts with Pt nanorod clusters distributed in both interior and exterior of CNTs were prepared and confirmed by TEM tomography. This structure benefits higher performance due to the CNTs' confinement effect.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifeng Zhou
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
| | - Xusheng Du
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology
- School of Aerospace Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering J07
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
| | - Hongwei Liu
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
| | - Simon P. Ringer
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology
- School of Aerospace Mechanical & Mechatronic Engineering J07
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis
| | - Zongwen Liu
- School of Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering
- The University of Sydney
- Australia
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11
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Moore CE, Inzelt G. Electrochemical nanogravimetric study on the sorption processes occurring in multiwalled carbon nanotube layers immobilized on a gold surface. J Solid State Electrochem 2014. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-014-2532-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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12
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Abalyaeva VV, Dremova NN, Vershinin NN. The effect of Ce3+ cations on polyaniline morphology and electric properties. RUSS J ELECTROCHEM+ 2013. [DOI: 10.1134/s1023193513090024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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13
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Mo Z, Peng H, Liang H, Liao S. Vesicular nitrogen doped carbon material derived from Fe2O3 templated polyaniline as improved non-platinum fuel cell cathode catalyst. Electrochim Acta 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2013.03.078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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14
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Gobal F, Faraji M. Electrodeposited polyaniline on Pd-loaded TiO2 nanotubes as active material for electrochemical supercapacitor. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2012.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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15
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Gharibi H, Faraji M, Kheirmand M. The Role of PANI/Nafion on the Performance of ORR in Gas Diffusion Electrodes of PEM Fuel Cell. ELECTROANAL 2012. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.201200418] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
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16
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Chen F, Liu P, Zhao Q. Well-defined graphene/polyaniline flake composites for high performance supercapacitors. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
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17
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Specific features of the formation of Pt(Cu) catalysts by galvanic displacement with carbon nanowalls used as support. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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18
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Morávková Z, Trchová M, Tomšík E, Čechvala J, Stejskal J. Enhanced thermal stability of multi-walled carbon nanotubes after coating with polyaniline salt. Polym Degrad Stab 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.polymdegradstab.2012.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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19
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Kaniyoor A, Ramaprabhu S. Enhanced efficiency in dye sensitized solar cells with nanostructured Pt decorated multiwalled carbon nanotube based counter electrode. Electrochim Acta 2012. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2012.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Zhou C, Liu Z, Du X, Mitchell DRG, Mai YW, Yan Y, Ringer S. Hollow nitrogen-containing core/shell fibrous carbon nanomaterials as support to platinum nanocatalysts and their TEM tomography study. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2012; 7:165. [PMID: 22385930 PMCID: PMC3311096 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/14/2011] [Accepted: 03/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Core/shell nanostructured carbon materials with carbon nanofiber (CNF) as the core and a nitrogen (N)-doped graphitic layer as the shell were synthesized by pyrolysis of CNF/polyaniline (CNF/PANI) composites prepared by in situ polymerization of aniline on CNFs. High-resolution transmission electron microscopy (TEM), X-ray diffraction (XRD), Fourier transform infrared and Raman analyses indicated that the PANI shell was carbonized at 900°C. Platinum (Pt) nanoparticles were reduced by formic acid with catalyst supports. Compared to the untreated CNF/PANI composites, the carbonized composites were proven to be better supporting materials for the Pt nanocatalysts and showed superior performance as catalyst supports for methanol electrochemical oxidation. The current density of methanol oxidation on the catalyst with the core/shell nanostructured carbon materials is approximately seven times of that on the catalyst with CNF/PANI support. TEM tomography revealed that some Pt nanoparticles were embedded in the PANI shells of the CNF/PANI composites, which might decrease the electrocatalyst activity. TEM-energy dispersive spectroscopy mapping confirmed that the Pt nanoparticles in the inner tube of N-doped hollow CNFs could be accessed by the Nafion ionomer electrolyte, contributing to the catalytic oxidation of methanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cuifeng Zhou
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Zongwen Liu
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Xusheng Du
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology, School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering J07, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | | | - Yiu-Wing Mai
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology, School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering J07, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
| | - Yushan Yan
- Chemical and Biomolecular Engineering, University of Delaware, Newark, DE, 19716, USA
| | - Simon Ringer
- Australian Centre for Microscopy and Microanalysis, The University of Sydney, New South Wales, 2006, Australia
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Du X, Liu HY, Cai G, Mai YW, Baji A. Use of facile mechanochemical method to functionalize carbon nanofibers with nanostructured polyaniline and their electrochemical capacitance. NANOSCALE RESEARCH LETTERS 2012; 7:111. [PMID: 22315992 PMCID: PMC3305476 DOI: 10.1186/1556-276x-7-111] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/20/2011] [Accepted: 02/08/2012] [Indexed: 05/02/2023]
Abstract
A facile approach to functionalize carbon nanofibers [CNFs] with nanostructured polyaniline was developed via in situ mechanochemical polymerization of polyaniline in the presence of chemically treated CNFs. The nanostructured polyaniline grafting on the CNF was mainly in a form of branched nanofibers as well as rough nanolayers. The good dispersibility and processability of the hybrid nanocomposite could be attributed to its overall nanostructure which enhanced its accessibility to the electrolyte. The mechanochemical oxidation polymerization was believed to be related to the strong Lewis acid characteristic of FeCl3 and the Lewis base characteristic of aniline. The growth mechanism of the hierarchical structured nanofibers was also discussed. After functionalization with the nanostructured polyaniline, the hybrid polyaniline/CNF composite showed an enhanced specific capacitance, which might be related to its hierarchical nanostructure and the interaction between the aromatic polyaniline molecules and the CNFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xusheng Du
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, J07 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Hong-Yuan Liu
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, J07 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Guipeng Cai
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, J07 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Yiu-Wing Mai
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, J07 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
| | - Avinash Baji
- Centre for Advanced Materials Technology (CAMT), School of Aerospace Mechanical and Mechatronic Engineering, J07 University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW 2006, Australia
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Electropolymerized composite film of polypyrrole and functionalized multi-walled carbon nanotubes: effect of functionalization time on capacitive performance. J Solid State Electrochem 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-011-1619-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/14/2022]
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