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Młynarek-Żak K, Pakieła W, Łukowiec D, Bajorek A, Gębara P, Szakál A, Dhiman I, Babilas R. Structure and selected properties of Al-Cr-Fe alloys with the presence of structurally complex alloy phases. Sci Rep 2022; 12:14194. [PMID: 35987820 PMCID: PMC9392736 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17870-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
The aim of the study was to supplement the data on the Al65Cr20Fe15 alloy with binary phase structure and the Al71Cr24Fe5 alloy with multiphase structure prepared with two different cooling rates from the liquid state. The presence of the structurally complex Al65Cr27Fe8 phase was confirmed by neutron diffraction, scanning electron microscopy with the analysis of chemical composition and transmission electron microscopy. Additionally, the Al8Cr5 phase with γ-brass structure was identified for Al71Cr24Fe5 alloy in both cooling rates from the liquid state. Due to the interesting features of structurally complex alloys, the wear resistance, magnetic properties, and corrosion products after performing electrochemical tests were examined. Based on pin-on-disc measurements, a lower friction coefficient was observed for the Al65Cr20Fe15 alloy (µ ≈ 0.55) compared to the Al71Cr24Fe5 multiphase alloy (µ ≈ 0.6). The average hardness of the binary phase Al65Cr20Fe5 alloy (HV0.1 = 917 ± 30) was higher compared to the multiphase Al71Cr24Fe5 alloy (HV0.1 = 728 ± 34) and the single phase Al-Cr-Fe alloys described in the literature. Moreover, the beneficial effect of rapid solidification on hardness was demonstrated. The alloys Al65Cr20Fe15 and Al71Cr24Fe5 showed paramagnetic behavior, however rapidly solidified Al71Cr24Fe5 alloy indicated an increase of magnetic properties. The studied alloys were characterized by the presence of passive layers after electrochemical tests. A higher amount of oxides on the surface of the Al71Cr24Fe5 alloy was recorded due to the positive effect of chromium on the stabilization of the passive layer.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Młynarek-Żak
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
| | - W Pakieła
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - D Łukowiec
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland
| | - A Bajorek
- A. Chełkowski Institute of Physics, University of Silesia in Katowice, 75 Pułku Piechoty 1, 41-500, Chorzów, Poland
| | - P Gębara
- Department of Physics, Częstochowa University of Technology, Armii Krajowej 19, 42-200, Częstochowa, Poland
| | - A Szakál
- Budapest Neutron Centre, Konkoly-Thege Miklos st. 29-33, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - I Dhiman
- Budapest Neutron Centre, Konkoly-Thege Miklos st. 29-33, Budapest, 1121, Hungary
| | - R Babilas
- Department of Engineering Materials and Biomaterials, Silesian University of Technology, Konarskiego 18a, 44-100, Gliwice, Poland.
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Młynarek-Żak K, Wierzbicka-Miernik A, Kądziołka-Gaweł M, Czeppe T, Radoń A, Babilas R. Electrochemical characterization of rapidly solidified Al-(Cr,Cu,Ni,Y,Zr)-Fe alloys. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.139836] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Palcut M, Ďuriška L, Černičková I, Brunovská S, Gerhátová Ž, Sahul M, Čaplovič Ľ, Janovec J. Relationship between Phase Occurrence, Chemical Composition, and Corrosion Behavior of as-Solidified Al-Pd-Co Alloys. MATERIALS 2019; 12:ma12101661. [PMID: 31121821 PMCID: PMC6566661 DOI: 10.3390/ma12101661] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2019] [Revised: 05/07/2019] [Accepted: 05/20/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The microstructure, phase constitution, and corrosion performance of as-solidified Al70Pd25Co5 and Al74Pd12Co14 alloys (element concentrations in at.%) have been investigated in the present work. The alloys were prepared by arc-melting of Al, Pd, and Co lumps in argon. The Al74Pd12Co14 alloy was composed of structurally complex εn phase, while the Al70Pd25Co5 alloy was composed of εn and δ phases. The corrosion performance was studied by open circuit potential measurements and potentiodynamic polarization in aqueous NaCl solution (3.5 wt.%). Marked open circuit potential oscillations of the Al70Pd25Co5 alloy have been observed, indicating individual breakdown and re-passivation events on the sample surface. A preferential corrosion attack of εn was found, while the binary δ phase (Al3Pd2) remained free of corrosion. A de-alloying of Al from εn and formation of intermittent interpenetrating channel networks occurred in both alloys. The corrosion behavior of εn is discussed in terms of its chemical composition and crystal structure. The corrosion activity of εn could be further exploited in preparation of porous Pd–Co networks with possible catalytic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marián Palcut
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Libor Ďuriška
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Ivona Černičková
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Sandra Brunovská
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Žaneta Gerhátová
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Martin Sahul
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Ľubomír Čaplovič
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
| | - Jozef Janovec
- Faculty of Materials Science and Technology in Trnava, Slovak University of Technology in Bratislava, J. Bottu 25, 917 24 Trnava, Slovakia.
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Siol S, Beall C, Ott N, Döbeli M, González-Castaño M, Wick-Joliat R, Tilley SD, Jeurgens LPH, Schmutz P, Cancellieri C. Anodizing of Self-Passivating W xTi 1- x Precursors for W xTi 1- xO n Oxide Alloys with Tailored Stability. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:9510-9518. [PMID: 30734550 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.8b19170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
TiO2 and WO3 are two of the most important, industrially relevant earth-abundant oxides. Although both materials show complementary functionality and are promising candidates for similar types of applications such as catalysis, sensor technology, and energy conversion, their chemical stability in reactive environments differs remarkably. In this study, anodic barrier oxides are grown on solid-solution W xTi1- x alloy precursors covering a wide compositional range (0 ≤ x ≤ 1) with the goal of creating functional oxides with tailored stability. A strong Ti-cation enrichment in the surface region of the grown W xTi1- xO n layer is observed, which can be controlled by both the anodizing conditions and precursor composition. For Ti concentrations above 50 at. %, a continuous nanometer-thick TiO2 protective coating is achieved on top of a homogeneous W xTi1- xO n film as evidenced by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy and transmission electron microscopy analyses. A comprehensive electrochemical assessment demonstrates a very stable passivation of the surface in both acidic and alkaline environments. This increase in chemical stability correlates directly with the presence of this protective TiO2 film. The results of this work provide insights into the oxidation behavior of W1- xTi x alloys, but more importantly demonstrate how controlled oxidation of self-passivating alloys can lead to oxide alloys with thin, protective surface layers that otherwise would require more sophisticated deposition methods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastian Siol
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Casey Beall
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Noémie Ott
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Max Döbeli
- ETH Zurich, Ion Beam Physics , Otto-Stern-Weg 5 , 8093 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Miriam González-Castaño
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - René Wick-Joliat
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - S David Tilley
- Department of Chemistry , University of Zurich , Winterthurerstrasse 190 , 8057 Zurich , Switzerland
| | - Lars P H Jeurgens
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Patrik Schmutz
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
| | - Claudia Cancellieri
- Empa-Swiss Federal Laboratories for Materials Science and Technology , Überlandstrasse 129 , 8600 Dübendorf , Switzerland
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Al-Co Alloys Prepared by Vacuum Arc Melting: Correlating Microstructure Evolution and Aqueous Corrosion Behavior with Co Content. METALS 2016. [DOI: 10.3390/met6030046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Beni A, Ott N, Caporali S, Guseva O, Schmutz P. Passivation/precipitation mechanisms of Al-Cr-Fe Complex Metallic Alloys in acidic chloride containing electrolyte. Electrochim Acta 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2015.02.192] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Hard X-ray Photoelectron Spectroscopy (HAXPES) characterisation of electrochemical passivation oxide layers on Al–Cr–Fe complex metallic alloys (CMAs). Electrochem commun 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.elecom.2014.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
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Passive oxide film characterisation on Al-Cr-Fe and Al-Cu-Fe-Cr complex metallic alloys in neutral to alkaline electrolytes by photo- and electrochemical methods. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.07.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Ott N, Beni A, Ulrich A, Ludwig C, Schmutz P. Flow microcapillary plasma mass spectrometry-based investigation of new Al–Cr–Fe complex metallic alloy passivation. Talanta 2014; 120:230-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2013.11.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2013] [Revised: 11/26/2013] [Accepted: 11/30/2013] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
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