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Ji P, Lei X, Su D. In Situ Transmission Electron Microscopy Methods for Lithium-Ion Batteries. SMALL METHODS 2024:e2301539. [PMID: 38385838 DOI: 10.1002/smtd.202301539] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2023] [Revised: 02/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/23/2024]
Abstract
In situ Transmission Electron Microscopy (TEM) stands as an invaluable instrument for the real-time examination of the structural changes in materials. It features ultrahigh spatial resolution and powerful analytical capability, making it significantly versatile across diverse fields. Particularly in the realm of Lithium-Ion Batteries (LIBs), in situ TEM is extensively utilized for real-time analysis of phase transitions, degradation mechanisms, and the lithiation process during charging and discharging. This review aims to provide an overview of the latest advancements in in situ TEM applications for LIBs. Additionally, it compares the suitability and effectiveness of two techniques: the open cell technique and the liquid cell technique. The technical aspects of both the open cell and liquid cell techniques are introduced, followed by a comparison of their applications in cathodes, anodes, solid electrolyte interphase (SEI) formation, and lithium dendrite growth in LIBs. Lastly, the review concludes by stimulating discussions on possible future research trajectories that hold potential to expedite the progression of battery technology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengxiang Ji
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Xincheng Lei
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
| | - Dong Su
- Beijing National Laboratory for Condensed Matter Physics, Institute of Physics, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100190, China
- School of Physical Sciences, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China
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Tran MX, Smyrek P, Park J, Pfleging W, Lee JK. Ultrafast-Laser Micro-Structuring of LiNi 0.8Mn 0.1Co 0.1O 2 Cathode for High-Rate Capability of Three-Dimensional Li-ion Batteries. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 12:3897. [PMID: 36364674 PMCID: PMC9654857 DOI: 10.3390/nano12213897] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 10/28/2022] [Accepted: 11/02/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Femtosecond ultrafast-laser micro-patterning was employed to prepare a three-dimensional (3D) structure for the tape-casting Ni-rich LiNi0.8Mn0.1Co0.1O2 (NMC811) cathode. The influences of laser structuring on the electrochemical performance of NMC811 were investigated. The 3D-NMC811 cathode retained capacities of 77.8% at 2 C of initial capacity at 0.1 C, which was thrice that of 2D-NMC811 with an initial capacity of 27.8%. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and impedance spectroscopy demonstrated that the 3D electrode improved the Li+ ion transportation at the electrode-electrolyte interface, resulting in a higher rate capability. The diffusivity coefficient DLi+, calculated by both CV and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy, revealed that 3D-NMC811 delivered faster Li+ ion transportation with higher DLi+ than that of 2D-NMC811. The laser ablation of the active material also led to a lower charge-transfer resistance, which represented lower polarization and improved Li+ ion diffusivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Minh Xuan Tran
- Division of Energy and Environmental Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Deajeon 34113, Korea
- Center for Energy Storage Research, Green City Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
| | - Peter Smyrek
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Materials, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Jihun Park
- APC Technology, 108 68 Gangbyeonyeok-ro-4-gil, Gwangjin-gu, Seoul 05116, Korea
| | - Wilhelm Pfleging
- Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Institute for Applied Materials, P.O. Box 3640, 76021 Karlsruhe, Germany
- Karlsruhe Nano Micro Facility, Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Joong Kee Lee
- Division of Energy and Environmental Technology, KIST School, Korea University of Science and Technology (UST), Deajeon 34113, Korea
- Center for Energy Storage Research, Green City Research Institute, Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST), Seoul 02792, Korea
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Using In-Situ Laboratory and Synchrotron-Based X-ray Diffraction for Lithium-Ion Batteries Characterization: A Review on Recent Developments. CONDENSED MATTER 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/condmat5040075] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Renewable technologies, and in particular the electric vehicle revolution, have generated tremendous pressure for the improvement of lithium ion battery performance. To meet the increasingly high market demand, challenges include improving the energy density, extending cycle life and enhancing safety. In order to address these issues, a deep understanding of both the physical and chemical changes of battery materials under working conditions is crucial for linking degradation processes to their origins in material properties and their electrochemical signatures. In situ and operando synchrotron-based X-ray techniques provide powerful tools for battery materials research, allowing a deep understanding of structural evolution, redox processes and transport properties during cycling. In this review, in situ synchrotron-based X-ray diffraction methods are discussed in detail with an emphasis on recent advancements in improving the spatial and temporal resolution. The experimental approaches reviewed here include cell designs and materials, as well as beamline experimental setup details. Finally, future challenges and opportunities for battery technologies are discussed.
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de Biasi L, Schwarz B, Brezesinski T, Hartmann P, Janek J, Ehrenberg H. Chemical, Structural, and Electronic Aspects of Formation and Degradation Behavior on Different Length Scales of Ni-Rich NCM and Li-Rich HE-NCM Cathode Materials in Li-Ion Batteries. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2019; 31:e1900985. [PMID: 31012176 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201900985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 89] [Impact Index Per Article: 17.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In order to satisfy the energy demands of the electromobility market, both Ni-rich and Li-rich layered oxides of NCM type are receiving much attention as high-energy-density cathode materials for application in Li-ion batteries. However, due to different stability issues, their longevity is limited. During formation and continuous cycling, especially the electronic and crystal structure suffers from various changes, eventually leading to fatigue and mechanical degradation. In recent years, comprehensive battery research has been conducted at Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, mainly aiming at better understanding the primary degradation processes occurring in these layered transition metal oxides. The characteristic process of formation and mechanisms of fatigue are fundamentally characterized and the effect of chemical composition on cell chemistry, electrochemistry, and cycling stability is addressed on different length scales by use of state-of-the-art analytical techniques, ranging from "standard" characterization tools to combinations of advanced in situ and operando methods. Here, the results are presented and discussed within a broader scientific context.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lea de Biasi
- Institute for Applied Materials-Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory (BELLA), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Björn Schwarz
- Institute for Applied Materials-Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Torsten Brezesinski
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory (BELLA), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
| | - Pascal Hartmann
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory (BELLA), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- BASF SE, Carl-Bosch-Straße 38, 67056, Ludwigshafen, Germany
| | - Jürgen Janek
- Battery and Electrochemistry Laboratory (BELLA), Institute of Nanotechnology (INT), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
- Institute of Physical Chemistry and Center for Materials Research, Justus-Liebig-University Giessen, Heinrich-Buff-Ring 17, 35392, Giessen, Germany
| | - Helmut Ehrenberg
- Institute for Applied Materials-Energy Storage Systems (IAM-ESS), Karlsruhe Institute of Technology (KIT), Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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Habibi A, Jalaly M, Rahmanifard R, Ghorbanzadeh M. The effect of calcination conditions on the crystal growth and battery performance of nanocrystalline Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 as a cathode material for Li-ion batteries. NEW J CHEM 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8nj05007d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Nanocrystalline Li(Ni1/3Co1/3Mn1/3)O2 (NCM) was successfully synthesized through a solution combustion route to use as the cathode material in a Li-ion battery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amirhosein Habibi
- Nanotechnology Department
- School of New Technologies
- Iran University of Science & Technology (IUST)
- Narmak
- Tehran 16846-13114
| | - Maisam Jalaly
- Nanotechnology Department
- School of New Technologies
- Iran University of Science & Technology (IUST)
- Narmak
- Tehran 16846-13114
| | - Roohollah Rahmanifard
- Nanotechnology Department
- School of New Technologies
- Iran University of Science & Technology (IUST)
- Narmak
- Tehran 16846-13114
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Li G, Zhang Z, Huang Z, Yang C, Zuo Z, Zhou H. Understanding the accumulated cycle capacity fade caused by the secondary particle fracture of LiNi1-x-yCoxMnyO2 cathode for lithium ion batteries. J Solid State Electrochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-016-3399-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Liao X, Zheng X, Chen J, Huang Z, Xu M, Xing L, Liao Y, Lu Q, Li X, Li W. Tris(trimethylsilyl)phosphate as electrolyte additive for self-discharge suppression of layered nickel cobalt manganese oxide. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.07.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Effect of Trace Al Surface Doping on the Structure, Surface Chemistry and Low Temperature Performance of LiNi0.5Co0.2Mn0.3O2 Cathode. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.07.033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 71] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Gao K, Zhao SX, Guo ST, Nan CW. Improving rate capacity and cycling performance of lithium-rich high-Mn Li1.8[Mn0.7Co0.15Ni0.15]O2.675 cathode materials by Li2SiO3 coating. Electrochim Acta 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2016.04.085] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Wu N, Zhang Y, Guo Y, Liu S, Liu H, Wu H. Flakelike LiCoO2 with Exposed {010} Facets As a Stable Cathode Material for Highly Reversible Lithium Storage. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:2723-2731. [PMID: 26760433 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.5b10977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
A thick and dense flakelike LiCoO2 with exposed {010} active facets is synthesized using Co(OH)2 nanoflake as a self-sacrificial template obtained from a simple coprecipitation method, and served as a cathode material for lithium ion batteries. When operated at a high cutoff voltage up to 4.5 V, the resultant LiCoO2 exhibits an outstanding rate capability, delivering a reversible discharge capacity as high as 179, 176, 168, 116, and 96 mA h g(-1) at 25 °C under the current rate of 0.1, 0.5, 1, 5, and 10 C, respectively. When charge/discharge cycling at 55 °C, a high specific capacity of 148 mA h g(-1) (∼88% retention) can be retained after 100 cycles under 1 C, demonstrating excellent cycling and thermal stability. Besides, the flakelike LiCoO2 also shows an impressive low-temperature electrochemical activity with specific capacities of 175 (0.1 C) and 154 mA h g(-1) (1 C) at -10 °C, being the highest ever reported for a subzero-temperature lithium storage capability, as well as 52% capacity retention even after 80 cycles under 1 C. Such superior high-voltage electrochemical performances of the flakelike LiCoO2 operated at a wide temperature range are mainly attributed to its unique hierarchical structure with specifically exposed facets. The exposed {010} active facets provide a preferential crystallographic orientation for Li-ion migration, while the micrometer-sized secondary particles agglomerated by submicron primary LiCoO2 flakes endow the electrode with better structural integrity, both of which ensure the LiCoO2 cathode to manifest remarkably enhanced reversible lithium storage properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Naiteng Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Advanced Energy Materials, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yun Zhang
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Advanced Energy Materials, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Yi Guo
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Advanced Energy Materials, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Shengjie Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Advanced Energy Materials, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Heng Liu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Advanced Energy Materials, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
| | - Hao Wu
- College of Materials Science and Engineering and ‡Department of Advanced Energy Materials, Sichuan University , Chengdu, 610064, P. R. China
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11
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Qian K, Li Y, He YB, Liu D, Zheng Y, Luo D, Li B, Kang F. Abuse tolerance behavior of layered oxide-based Li-ion battery during overcharge and over-discharge. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra11288a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The main reason for the degradation of slightly overcharged NCM/graphite full cells was found to be the unstable crystal structure of the NCM material at a relatively high delithiation state.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Qian
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Yiyang Li
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Yan-Bing He
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Dongqing Liu
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Yong Zheng
- School of Metallurgical and Ecological Engineering
- University of Science and Technology Beijing
- Beijing 100083
- China
| | - Dan Luo
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Baohua Li
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Feiyu Kang
- Engineering Laboratory for the Next Generation Power and Energy Storage Batteries
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
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Andreu N, Flahaut D, Dedryvère R, Minvielle M, Martinez H, Gonbeau D. XPS investigation of surface reactivity of electrode materials: effect of the transition metal. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2015; 7:6629-6636. [PMID: 25751495 DOI: 10.1021/am5089764] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The role of the transition metal nature and Al2O3 coating on the surface reactivity of LiCoO2 and LiNi(1/3)Mn(1/3)Co(1/3)O2 (NMC) materials were studied by coupling chemisorption of gaseous probes molecules and X-ray photoelectron (XPS) spectroscopy. The XPS analyses have put in evidence the low reactivity of the LiMO2 materials toward basic gaseous probe (NH3). The reactivity toward SO2 gaseous probe is much larger (roughly more than 10 times) and strongly influenced by the nature of metal. Only one adsorption mode (redox process producing adsorbed sulfate species) was observed at the LiCoO2 surface, while NMC materials exhibit sulfate and sulfite species at the surface. On the basis of XPS analysis of bare materials and previous theoretical work, we propose that the acid-base adsorption mode involving the Ni(2+) cation is responsible for the sulfite species on the NMC surface. After Al2O3 coating, the surface reactivity was clearly decreasing for both LiCoO2 and NMC materials. In addition, for LiCoO2, the coating modifies the surface reactivity with the identification of both sulfate and sulfite species. This result is in line with a change in the adsorption mode from redox toward acid-base after Al/Co substitution. In the case of NMC materials, the coating induced a decrease of the sulfite species content at the surface. This phenomenon can be related to the cation mixing effect in the NMC.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Andreu
- †IPREM, Université de Pau, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 av. Pierre Angot, 64053 cedex 9 Pau, France
| | - D Flahaut
- †IPREM, Université de Pau, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 av. Pierre Angot, 64053 cedex 9 Pau, France
| | - R Dedryvère
- †IPREM, Université de Pau, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 av. Pierre Angot, 64053 cedex 9 Pau, France
| | - M Minvielle
- ‡INL, Site Ecole Centrale de Lyon, Batiment F7, 36, Avenue Guy de Collongue, 69134 Ecully, France
| | - H Martinez
- †IPREM, Université de Pau, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 av. Pierre Angot, 64053 cedex 9 Pau, France
| | - D Gonbeau
- †IPREM, Université de Pau, Hélioparc Pau Pyrénées, 2 av. Pierre Angot, 64053 cedex 9 Pau, France
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Study on the capacity fading of pristine and FePO 4 coated LiNi 1/3 Co 1/3 Mn 1/3 O 2 by Electrochemical and Magnetical techniques. Electrochim Acta 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2014.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Park GD, Chan Kang Y. Characteristics of precursor powders of a nickel-rich cathode material prepared by a spray drying process using water-soluble metal salts. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08524h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Li J, Yao R, Cao C. LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 nanoplates with {010} active planes exposing prepared in polyol medium as a high-performance cathode for Li-ion battery. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2014; 6:5075-5082. [PMID: 24625317 DOI: 10.1021/am500215b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
As we know, Li(+)-ion transport in layered LiNi1/3Co1/3Mn1/3O2 (NCM) is through two-dimensional channels parallel to the Li(+)-ion layers that are indexed as {010} active planes. In this paper, NCM nanoplates with exposed {010} active facets are synthesized in a polyol medium (ethylene glycol) and characterized by XRD, XPS, SEM, and HR-TEM. In addition, the effects of reaction conditions on the morphologies, structures and electrochemical performances are also evaluated. The results show that more {010} facets can be exposed with the thickness of NCM nanoplates increasing which can lead to more channels for Li(+)-ion migration. However, when the annealing temperatures exceed 900 °C, many new crystal planes grow along the thickness direction covering the {010} facets. In all of the NCM nanoplates obtained at different conditions, the NCM nanoplates calcined at 850 °C for 12 h (NCM-850-12H) display a high initial discharge capacity of 207.6 mAh g(-1) at 0.1 C (1 C = 200 mA g(-1)) between 2.5 and 4.5 V higher than most of NCM materials as cathodes for lithium ion batteries. The discharge capacities of NCM-850-12H are 169.8, 160.5, and 149.3 mAh g(-1) at 2, 5, and 7 C, respectively, illustrating the excellent rate capability. The superior electrochemical performance of NCM-850-12H cathode can be attributed to more {010} active planes exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jili Li
- Research Centre of Materials Science, Beijing Institute of Technology , Beijing 100081, China
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