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Hadke S, Huang M, Chen C, Tay YF, Chen S, Tang J, Wong L. Emerging Chalcogenide Thin Films for Solar Energy Harvesting Devices. Chem Rev 2021; 122:10170-10265. [PMID: 34878268 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrev.1c00301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
Chalcogenide semiconductors offer excellent optoelectronic properties for their use in solar cells, exemplified by the commercialization of Cu(In,Ga)Se2- and CdTe-based photovoltaic technologies. Recently, several other chalcogenides have emerged as promising photoabsorbers for energy harvesting through the conversion of solar energy to electricity and fuels. The goal of this review is to summarize the development of emerging binary (Sb2X3, GeX, SnX), ternary (Cu2SnX3, Cu2GeX3, CuSbX2, AgBiX2), and quaternary (Cu2ZnSnX4, Ag2ZnSnX4, Cu2CdSnX4, Cu2ZnGeX4, Cu2BaSnX4) chalcogenides (X denotes S/Se), focusing especially on the comparative analysis of their optoelectronic performance metrics, electronic band structure, and point defect characteristics. The performance limiting factors of these photoabsorbers are discussed, together with suggestions for further improvement. Several relatively unexplored classes of chalcogenide compounds (such as chalcogenide perovskites, bichalcogenides, etc.) are highlighted, based on promising early reports on their optoelectronic properties. Finally, pathways for practical applications of emerging chalcogenides in solar energy harvesting are discussed against the backdrop of a market dominated by Si-based solar cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shreyash Hadke
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Energy Research Institute @ NTU (ERI@N), Interdisciplinary Graduate Programme, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637553, Singapore
| | - Menglin Huang
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), Key State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System and School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Chao Chen
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.,Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Ying Fan Tay
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Institute of Materials Research and Engineering (IMRE), Agency of Science, Technology and Research (A*STAR), 2 Fusionopolis Way, Singapore 138634, Singapore
| | - Shiyou Chen
- Key Laboratory for Computational Physical Sciences (MOE), Key State Key Laboratory of ASIC and System and School of Microelectronics, Fudan University, Shanghai 200433, China
| | - Jiang Tang
- School of Optical and Electronic Information, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China.,Wuhan National Laboratory for Optoelectronics, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, Hubei 430074, China
| | - Lydia Wong
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore.,Singapore-HUJ Alliance for Research and Enterprise (SHARE), Nanomaterials for Energy and Energy-Water Nexus (NEW), Campus for Research Excellence and Technological Enterprise (CREATE), Singapore 138602, Singapore
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2
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Büttner P, Scheler F, Pointer C, Döhler D, Barr MK, Koroleva A, Pankin D, Hatada R, Flege S, Manshina A, Young ER, Mínguez-Bacho I, Bachmann J. Adjusting Interfacial Chemistry and Electronic Properties of Photovoltaics Based on a Highly Pure Sb 2S 3 Absorber by Atomic Layer Deposition. ACS APPLIED ENERGY MATERIALS 2019; 2:8747-8756. [PMID: 31894204 PMCID: PMC6931240 DOI: 10.1021/acsaem.9b01721] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2019] [Accepted: 11/25/2019] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
The combination of oxide and heavier chalcogenide layers in thin film photovoltaics suffers limitations associated with oxygen incorporation and sulfur deficiency in the chalcogenide layer or with a chemical incompatibility which results in dewetting issues and defect states at the interface. Here, we establish atomic layer deposition (ALD) as a tool to overcome these limitations. ALD allows one to obtain highly pure Sb2S3 light absorber layers, and we exploit this technique to generate an additional interfacial layer consisting of 1.5 nm ZnS. This ultrathin layer simultaneously resolves dewetting and passivates defect states at the interface. We demonstrate via transient absorption spectroscopy that interfacial electron recombination is one order of magnitude slower at the ZnS-engineered interface than hole recombination at the Sb2S3/P3HT interface. The comparison of solar cells with and without oxide incorporation in Sb2S3, with and without the ultrathin ZnS interlayer, and with systematically varied Sb2S3 thickness provides a complete picture of the physical processes at work in the devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Büttner
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Florian Scheler
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Craig Pointer
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
| | - Dirk Döhler
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Maïssa K.
S. Barr
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
| | - Aleksandra Koroleva
- Centre for Physical Methods of Surface
Investigation, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Dmitrii Pankin
- Centre for Optical and Laser Materials
Research, St. Petersburg State University, St. Petersburg 199034, Russia
| | - Ruriko Hatada
- Materials Analysis, Department of Materials
Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Stefan Flege
- Materials Analysis, Department of Materials
Science, Technische Universität Darmstadt, Alarich-Weiss-Str. 2, Darmstadt 64287, Germany
| | - Alina Manshina
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg
State University, Universitetskii
pr. 26, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
| | - Elizabeth R. Young
- Department of Chemistry, Lehigh
University, 6 East Packer Avenue, Bethlehem, Pennsylvania 18015, United States
- E-mail:
| | - Ignacio Mínguez-Bacho
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- E-mail:
| | - Julien Bachmann
- Chemistry of Thin
Film Materials, Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, Friedrich-Alexander University Erlangen-Nürnberg, IZNF, Cauerstr. 3, Erlangen 91058, Germany
- Institute of Chemistry, Saint-Petersburg
State University, Universitetskii
pr. 26, St. Petersburg 198504, Russia
- E-mail:
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3
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Holden KEK, Dezelah CL, Conley JF. Atomic Layer Deposition of Transparent p-Type Semiconducting Nickel Oxide Using Ni( tBu2DAD) 2 and Ozone. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:30437-30445. [PMID: 31345025 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b08926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
A novel atomic layer deposition (ALD) process for nickel oxide (NiO) is developed using a recently reported diazadienyl complex, Ni(tBu2DAD)2, and ozone. A window of constant growth per cycle is found between 185 and 200 °C at 0.12 nm/cycle, among the highest reported for ALD NiO. For films deposited at 200 °C, grazing-incidence X-ray diffraction indicates a randomly oriented polycrystalline cubic NiO phase. X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy shows good agreement with bulk NiO reference spectra and no detectable impurities. Atomic force microscopy reveals low root mean square roughness of 0.6 nm for an 18 nm thick film. The refractive index of 2.36 and an electronic bandgap of 3.78 eV, as determined by variable angle spectroscopic ellipsometry, are close to reported values for bulk and thin film NiO. Finally, fabricated Ag/NiO/n-Si/In heterojunction diodes show a current-voltage asymmetry of 1.27 × 104 at 2.3 V and an ideality factor of 3.5, confirming the intrinsic p-type semiconducting behavior of transparent NiO.
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Affiliation(s)
- Konner E K Holden
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
| | - Charles L Dezelah
- EMD Performance Materials , Haverhill , Massachusetts 01832 , United States
| | - John F Conley
- School of Electrical Engineering and Computer Science , Oregon State University , Corvallis , Oregon 97331 , United States
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4
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Characteristics of NiO films prepared by atomic layer deposition using bis(ethylcyclopentadienyl)-Ni and O2 plasma. KOREAN J CHEM ENG 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s11814-018-0179-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Fan Y, Wu Y, Huang X, Clavel G, Amsalem P, Koch N, Pinna N. Polarization Resistance-Free Mn3
O4
-Based Electrocatalysts for the Oxygen Reduction Reaction. ChemElectroChem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201800477] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yafei Fan
- Institut für Chemie and IRIS Adlershof; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Yanlin Wu
- Institut für Chemie and IRIS Adlershof; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Xing Huang
- Department of Inorganic Chemistry; Fritz Haber Institute of the Max Planck Society; Berlin Germany
| | - Guylhaine Clavel
- Institut für Chemie and IRIS Adlershof; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Patrick Amsalem
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 6 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Norbert Koch
- Institut für Physik and IRIS Adlershof; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 6 12489 Berlin Germany
| | - Nicola Pinna
- Institut für Chemie and IRIS Adlershof; Humboldt-Universität zu Berlin; Brook-Taylor-Str. 2 12489 Berlin Germany
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Parize R, Cossuet T, Appert E, Chaix-Pluchery O, Roussel H, Rapenne L, Consonni V. Synthesis and properties of ZnO/TiO2/Sb2S3 core–shell nanowire heterostructures using the SILAR technique. CrystEngComm 2018. [DOI: 10.1039/c8ce00789f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
The successive ionic layer adsorption and reaction (SILAR) technique is found to be of high potential for the formation of ZnO core–shell nanowire heterostructures with high uniformity at moderate temperature.
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Affiliation(s)
- Romain Parize
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- Grenoble INP
- LMGP
- F-38000 Grenoble
| | - Thomas Cossuet
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- Grenoble INP
- LMGP
- F-38000 Grenoble
| | - Estelle Appert
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- Grenoble INP
- LMGP
- F-38000 Grenoble
| | | | - Hervé Roussel
- Univ. Grenoble Alpes
- CNRS
- Grenoble INP
- LMGP
- F-38000 Grenoble
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Santinacci L, Diouf MW, Barr MKS, Fabre B, Joanny L, Gouttefangeas F, Loget G. Protected Light-Trapping Silicon by a Simple Structuring Process for Sunlight-Assisted Water Splitting. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2016; 8:24810-24818. [PMID: 27575424 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.6b07350] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Macroporous layers are grown onto n-type silicon by successive photoelectrochemical etching in HF-containing solution and chemical etching in KOH. This specific latter treatment gives highly antireflective properties of the Si surface. The duration of the chemical etching is optimized to render the surface as absorbent as possible, and the morphology of the as-grown layer is characterized by scanning electron microscopy. Further functionalization of such structured Si surface is carried out by atomic layer deposition of a thin conformal and homogeneous TiO2 layer that is crystallized by an annealing at 450 °C. This process allows using such surfaces as photoanodes for water oxidation. The 40 nm thick TiO2 film acts indeed as an efficient protective layer against the photocorrosion of the porous Si in KOH, enhances its wettability, and improves the light absorption of the photoelectrode. The macroporous dual-absorber TiO2/Si has a beneficial effect on water oxidation in 1 M KOH and leads to a considerable negative shift of the onset potential of ∼400 mV as well as a 50% increase in photocurrent at 1 V vs SCE.
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