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Cheng T, Qi S, Jiang Y, Wang L, Zhu Q, Zhu J, Dai L, He Z. Carbon Structure Regulation Strategy for the Electrode of Vanadium Redox Flow Battery. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024:e2400496. [PMID: 38949033 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202400496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/25/2024] [Indexed: 07/02/2024]
Abstract
Vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) is a type of energy storage device known for its large-scale capacity, long-term durability, and high-level safety. It serves as an effective solution to address the instability and intermittency of renewable energy sources. Carbon-based materials are widely used as VRFB electrodes due to cost-effectiveness and well-stability. However, pristine electrodes need proper modification to overcome original poor hydrophilicity and fewer reaction active sites. Adjusting the carbon structure is recognized as a viable method to boost the electrochemical activity of electrodes. This review delves into the advancements in research related to ordered and disordered carbon structure electrodes including the adjusting methods, structural characteristics, and catalytic properties. Ordered carbon structures are categorized into nanoscale and macroscale orderliness based on size, leading to improved conductivity and overall performance of the electrode. Disordered carbon structures encompass methods such as doping atoms, grafting functional groups, and creating engineered holes to enhance active sites and hydrophilicity. Based on the current research findings on carbon electrode structures, this work puts forth some promising prospects for future feasibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tukang Cheng
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China
| | - Shaotian Qi
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China
| | - Yingqiao Jiang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China
| | - Ling Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China
| | - Qingjun Zhu
- Tangshan Gotion Battery Co., Ltd., Tangshan, 063000, China
| | - Jing Zhu
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China
| | - Lei Dai
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China
| | - Zhangxing He
- School of Chemical Engineering, North China University of Science and Technology, Tangshan, Hebei, 063009, China
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2
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Ding C, Shen Z, Zhu Y, Cheng Y. Insights into the Modification of Carbonous Felt as an Electrode for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 16:ma16103811. [PMID: 37241437 DOI: 10.3390/ma16103811] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Revised: 05/07/2023] [Accepted: 05/11/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) has been regarded as one of the best potential stationary electrochemical storage systems for its design flexibility, long cycle life, high efficiency, and high safety; it is usually utilized to resolve the fluctuations and intermittent nature of renewable energy sources. As one of the critical components of VRFBs to provide the reaction sites for redox couples, an ideal electrode should possess excellent chemical and electrochemical stability, conductivity, and a low price, as well as good reaction kinetics, hydrophilicity, and electrochemical activity, in order to satisfy the requirements for high-performance VRFBs. However, the most commonly used electrode material, a carbonous felt electrode, such as graphite felt (GF) or carbon felt (CF), suffers from relatively inferior kinetic reversibility and poor catalytic activity toward the V2+/V3+ and VO2+/VO2+ redox couples, limiting the operation of VRFBs at low current density. Therefore, modified carbon substrates have been extensively investigated to improve vanadium redox reactions. Here, we give a brief review of recent progress in the modification methods of carbonous felt electrodes, such as surface treatment, the deposition of low-cost metal oxides, the doping of nonmetal elements, and complexation with nanostructured carbon materials. Thus, we give new insights into the relationships between the structure and the electrochemical performance, and provide some perspectives for the future development of VRFBs. Through a comprehensive analysis, it is found that the increase in the surface area and active sites are two decisive factors that enhance the performance of carbonous felt electrodes. Based on the varied structural and electrochemical characterizations, the relationship between the surface nature and electrochemical activity, as well as the mechanism of the modified carbon felt electrodes, is also discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cong Ding
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Zhefei Shen
- College of Science, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China
| | - Ying Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Yuanhui Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Organic-Inorganic Composites, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
- College of Chemical Engineering, Beijing University of Chemical Technology, Beijing 100029, China
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3
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García-Alcalde L, González Z, Concheso A, Blanco C, Santamaría R. Impact of electrochemical cells configuration on a reliable assessment of active electrode materials for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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4
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Zhai LF, Chen YY, Hu Y, Pan YX, Sun M, Yu J, Wang Y, Kong W. MOF-derived MnO@C with high activity for electric field-assisted catalytic oxidation of aqueous pollutants. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 439:129670. [PMID: 35908403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2022.129670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2022] [Revised: 07/02/2022] [Accepted: 07/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The activation of oxygen (O2) under room condition is important for the utilization of air to perform oxidation. Here, we report a porous carbon-encapsulated MnO (MnO@C) derived from Mn metal-organic framework (MOF)grown in-situ on a graphite felt (GF) support. The MnO@C exhibits superior catalytic activity in an electric field-assisted catalytic oxidation system for the degradation of organic pollutants under room condition. The catalytic oxidation reaction applies a surface reaction pathway in which the surface-bound chemisorbed oxygen species are electro-oxidized and then involved in the oxidation of co-adsorbed organic pollutants. The abundant oxygen vacancies and oxygenated functional groups in MnO@C provide active sites for the chemisorption of O2, and its conductive mesoporous structure allows facile electrons and mass transfer. As a result, the MnO@C/GF catalyst displays quite high turnover frequency (TOF) value as 0.038 mg-TOC mg-MnO-1 min-1, which is 6.66 times higher than that of the MnO/GF catalyst prepared by impregnation method as a comparison. With the aid of + 1.0 V of positive electric field, the catalytic oxidation system exhibits extensive effectiveness in mineralizing a variety of dyes, pharmaceuticals, personal care products, and phenolic compounds under room condition with significantly enhanced biodegradability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin-Feng Zhai
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China; Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, East China Engineering Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088, China.
| | - Yue-Yue Chen
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yi Hu
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Yi-Xiao Pan
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China
| | - Min Sun
- School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei 230009, China.
| | - Jun Yu
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, East China Engineering Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, East China Engineering Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088, China
| | - Wei Kong
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Industrial Wastewater and Environmental Treatment, East China Engineering Science & Technology Co., Ltd., Hefei 230088, China
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Thor SH, Ho LN, Ong SA, Abidin CZA, Heah CY, Ong YP, Yap KL. A sustainable photocatalytic fuel cell integrated photo-electro-Fenton hybrid system using KOH activated carbon felt cathodes for enhanced Amaranth degradation and electricity generation. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.121041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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6
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Preparation and Electrocatalytic Activity of a Cobalt Mixed Nitrogen 3D Carbon Nanostructure @ Carbon Felt toward an All-Vanadium Redox Flow Battery. APPLIED SCIENCES-BASEL 2022. [DOI: 10.3390/app12052304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
All-vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs), with good operation flexibility and scalability, have been regarded as one of the most competitive substitutes for large-scale energy storage. However, because of the low electrochemical activities of traditional electrodes such as carbon felt and graphite felt, they will impede the interfacial charge transfer processes and decrease the efficiencies of VRFBs. In this work, Co-MOF (ZIF-67) was prepared as a precursor, and a cobalt mixed nitrogen 3D carbon nanostructure and carbon felt (Co-CN@CF) was prepared by chemical reaction and used in VRFBs as electrodes. With the unique structure and high efficiency catalyst on the carbon felt, the Co-CN@CF exhibited excellent electrochemical activity toward the VO2+/VO2+ redox couple in the VRFB, with an average cell voltage efficiency (VE) of 86% and an energy efficiency (EE) of 82% at 80 mA cm−2, which was increased by more than 10% compared with the traditional carbon felt. VRFBs with a Co-CN@CF electrode also showed much better long-term stability (over 1000 cycles) compared with the battery with a pristine CF electrode.
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7
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Radinger H. 2021: A Surface Odyssey. Role of Oxygen Functional Groups on Activated Carbon-Based Electrodes in Vanadium Flow Batteries. Chemphyschem 2021; 22:2498-2505. [PMID: 34643328 PMCID: PMC9297873 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.202100623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2021] [Revised: 09/17/2021] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
The market breakthrough of vanadium flow batteries is hampered by their low power density, which depends heavily on the catalytic activity of the graphite‐based electrodes used. Researchers try to increase their performance by thermal, chemical, or electrochemical treatments but find no common activity descriptors. No consistent results exist for the so‐called oxygen functional groups, which seem to catalyze mainly the VIII/VII but rarely the VVO2+/VIVO2+ redox reaction. Some studies suggest that the activity is related to graphitic lattice defects which often contain oxygen and are therefore held responsible for inconsistent conclusions. Activation of electrodes does not change one property at a time, but rather surface chemistry and microstructure simultaneously, and the choice of starting material is crucial for subsequent observations. In this contribution, the literature on the catalytic and physicochemical properties of activated carbon‐based electrodes is analyzed and evaluated. In addition, an outlook on possible future investigations is given to avoid the propagation of contradictions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Radinger
- Institute for Applied Materials, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, 76344, Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen, Germany
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8
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Hassan A, Haile AS, Tzedakis T, Hansen HA, de Silva P. The Role of Oxygenic Groups and sp 3 Carbon Hybridization in Activated Graphite Electrodes for Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. CHEMSUSCHEM 2021; 14:3945-3952. [PMID: 34323377 DOI: 10.1002/cssc.202100966] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/24/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Graphite felt is a widely used electrode material for vanadium redox flow batteries. Electrode activation leads to the functionalization of the graphite surface with epoxy, OH, C=O, and COOH oxygenic groups and changes the carbon surface morphology and electronic structure, thereby improving the electrode's electroactivity relative to the untreated graphite. In this study, density functional theory (DFT) calculations are conducted to evaluate functionalization's contribution towards the positive half-cell reaction of the vanadium redox flow battery. The DFT calculations show that oxygenic groups improve the graphite felt's affinity towards the VO2+ /VO2 + redox couple in the following order: C=O>COOH>OH> basal plane. Projected density-of-states (PDOS) calculations show that these groups increase the electrode's sp3 hybridization in the same order, indicating that the increase in sp3 hybridization is responsible for the improved electroactivity, whereas the oxygenic groups' presence is responsible for this sp3 increment. These insights can aid the selection of activation processes and optimization of their parameters.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ali Hassan
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR CNRS 5503, Université de Toulouse, UT-III-Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
- Chemical Engineering Department, MNS University of Engineering and Technology, QasimPur Colony, BCG Chowk, Multan, Punjab, Pakistan
| | - Asnake Sahele Haile
- Center for Environmental Science, College of Natural and Computational Sciences, Addis Ababa University, P.O. Box, 1176, Addis Ababa, Ethiopia
| | - Theodore Tzedakis
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, UMR CNRS 5503, Université de Toulouse, UT-III-Paul Sabatier, 118 Route de Narbonne, 31062, Toulouse, France
| | - Heine Anton Hansen
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Piotr de Silva
- Department of Energy Conversion and Storage, Technical University of Denmark, 2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
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9
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Kim J, Raj MR, Lee G. High-Defect-Density Graphite for Superior-Performance Aluminum-Ion Batteries with Ultra-Fast Charging and Stable Long Life. NANO-MICRO LETTERS 2021; 13:171. [PMID: 34370082 PMCID: PMC8353050 DOI: 10.1007/s40820-021-00698-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2021] [Accepted: 07/13/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Rechargeable aluminum-ion batteries (AIBs) are a new generation of low-cost and large-scale electrical energy storage systems. However, AIBs suffer from a lack of reliable cathode materials with insufficient intercalation sites, poor ion-conducting channels, and poor diffusion dynamics of large chloroaluminate anions (AlCl4- and Al2Cl7-). To address these issues, surface-modified graphitic carbon materials [i.e., acid-treated expanded graphite (AEG) and base-etched graphite (BEG)] are developed as novel cathode materials for ultra-fast chargeable AIBs. AEG has more turbostratically ordered structure covered with abundant micro- to nano-sized pores on the surface structure and expanded interlayer distance (d002 = 0.3371 nm) realized by surface treatment of pristine graphite with acidic media, which can be accelerated the diffusion dynamics and efficient AlCl4- ions (de)-intercalation kinetics. The AIB system employing AEG exhibits a specific capacity of 88.6 mAh g-1 (4 A g-1) and ~ 80 mAh g-1 at an ultra-high current rate of 10 A g-1 (~ 99.1% over 10,000 cycles). BEG treated with KOH solution possesses the turbostratically disordered structure with high density of defective sites and largely expanded d-spacing (d002 = 0.3384 nm) for attracting and uptaking more AlCl4- ions with relatively shorter penetration depth. Impressively, the AIB system based on the BEG cathode delivers a high specific capacity of 110 mAh g-1 (4 A g-1) and ~ 91 mAh g-1 (~ 99.9% over 10,000 cycles at 10 A g-1). Moreover, the BEG cell has high energy and power densities of 247 Wh kg-1 and 44.5 kW kg-1. This performance is one of the best among the AIB graphitic carbon materials reported for chloroaluminate anions storage performance. This finding provides great significance for the further development of rechargeable AIBs with high energy, high power density, and exceptionally long life.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jisu Kim
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Michael Ruby Raj
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea
| | - Gibaek Lee
- Advanced Energy Materials Design Lab, School of Chemical Engineering, Yeungnam University, Gyeongsan, 38541, Republic of Korea.
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10
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Adith RV, Naresh RP, Mariyappan K, Ulaganathan M, Ragupathy P. An optimistic approach on flow rate and supporting electrolyte for enhancing the performance characteristics of Zn-Br2 redox flow battery. Electrochim Acta 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2021.138451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Yang J, Seo HO, Kim K. Neutral red paired with metal sulfates for redox flow batteries. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2021.115333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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12
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Abstract
In this study, a simple and environment-friendly method of preparing activated graphite felt (GF) for a vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) by depositing the vanadium precursor on the GF surface and calcining vanadium oxide was explored. The intermediate material, VO2, generated carbon oxidation during the calcination. In contrast to the normal etching method, this method was simple and without a pickling process. On the surface of the activated GF, multiple pores and increased roughness were noted after the calcination temperature and surface area of the activated GF reached 350 °C to 400 °C and 17.11 m2/g, respectively. Additionally, the polarization of the activated GF decreased with resistance to the charge transfer at 0.27 Ω. After a single-cell test at current density of 150 mA/cm2 was performed, the capacity utilization and the capacity retention after 50 cycles reached 70% and 84%, respectively. These results indicated the potential use of activated GF as an VRFB electrode.
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13
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Bellani S, Najafi L, Prato M, Oropesa-Nuñez R, Martín-García B, Gagliani L, Mantero E, Marasco L, Bianca G, Zappia MI, Demirci C, Olivotto S, Mariucci G, Pellegrini V, Schiavetti M, Bonaccorso F. Graphene-Based Electrodes in a Vanadium Redox Flow Battery Produced by Rapid Low-Pressure Combined Gas Plasma Treatments. CHEMISTRY OF MATERIALS : A PUBLICATION OF THE AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2021; 33:4106-4121. [PMID: 34267420 PMCID: PMC8274967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemmater.1c00763] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2021] [Revised: 04/26/2021] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The development of high-power density vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) with high energy efficiencies (EEs) is crucial for the widespread dissemination of this energy storage technology. In this work, we report the production of novel hierarchical carbonaceous nanomaterials for VRFB electrodes with high catalytic activity toward the vanadium redox reactions (VO2+/VO2 + and V2+/V3+). The electrode materials are produced through a rapid (minute timescale) low-pressure combined gas plasma treatment of graphite felts (GFs) in an inductively coupled radio frequency reactor. By systematically studying the effects of either pure gases (O2 and N2) or their combination at different gas plasma pressures, the electrodes are optimized to reduce their kinetic polarization for the VRFB redox reactions. To further enhance the catalytic surface area of the electrodes, single-/few-layer graphene, produced by highly scalable wet-jet milling exfoliation of graphite, is incorporated into the GFs through an infiltration method in the presence of a polymeric binder. Depending on the thickness of the proton-exchange membrane (Nafion 115 or Nafion XL), our optimized VRFB configurations can efficiently operate within a wide range of charge/discharge current densities, exhibiting energy efficiencies up to 93.9%, 90.8%, 88.3%, 85.6%, 77.6%, and 69.5% at 25, 50, 75, 100, 200, and 300 mA cm-2, respectively. Our technology is cost-competitive when compared to commercial ones (additional electrode costs < 100 € m-2) and shows EEs rivalling the record-high values reported for efficient systems to date. Our work remarks on the importance to study modified plasma conditions or plasma methods alternative to those reported previously (e.g., atmospheric plasmas) to improve further the electrode performances of the current VRFB systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sebastiano Bellani
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (S.B.)
| | - Leyla Najafi
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Mirko Prato
- Materials
Characterization Facility, Istituto Italiano
di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Reinier Oropesa-Nuñez
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Materials Science and Engineering, Uppsala
University, Box 534, 751
03 Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Beatriz Martín-García
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- CIC nanoGUNE, 20018 Donostia-San Sebastian, Basque, Spain
| | - Luca Gagliani
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Elisa Mantero
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Luigi Marasco
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Gabriele Bianca
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
| | - Marilena I. Zappia
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Department
of Physics, University of Calabria, via P. Bucci cubo 31/C, 87036 Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Cansunur Demirci
- Dipartimento
di Chimica e Chimica Industriale, Università
degli Studi di Genova, via Dodecaneso 31, 16146 Genoa, Italy
- NanoChemistry, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Silvia Olivotto
- Wind
Technology Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Giacomo Mariucci
- Storage
and New Business Design, Engineering & Construction, Enel Green Power S.p.A., https://www.enel.com/
| | - Vittorio Pellegrini
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
| | - Massimo Schiavetti
- Thermal &
Industry 4.0 Innovation, Enel Global Power
Generation, https://www.enel.com/
| | - Francesco Bonaccorso
- BeDimensional
S.p.a., Via Lungotorrente
secca 3D, 16163 Genova, Italy
- Graphene
Labs, Istituto Italiano di Tecnologia, via Morego 30, 16163 Genova, Italy
- (F.B.)
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14
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Radinger H, Pfisterer J, Scheiba F, Ehrenberg H. Influence and Electrochemical Stability of Oxygen Groups and Edge Sites in Vanadium Redox Reactions. ChemElectroChem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202001387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Hannes Radinger
- Institute for Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Jessica Pfisterer
- Institute for Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Frieder Scheiba
- Institute for Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
| | - Helmut Ehrenberg
- Institute for Applied Materials Karlsruhe Institute of Technology Hermann-von-Helmholtz-Platz 1 76344 Eggenstein-Leopoldshafen Germany
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15
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Tichter T, Schneider J, Nguyen Viet D, Diaz Duque A, Roth C. Reprint of "Rotating ring-disc electrode measurements for the quantitative electrokinetic investigation of the V3+-reduction at modified carbon electrodes". J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.114759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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16
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Tichter T, Andrae D, Schneider J, Gebhard M, Hilger A, Manke I, Roth C. Real-space simulation of cyclic voltammetry in carbon felt electrodes by combining micro X-ray CT data, digital simulation and convolutive modeling. Electrochim Acta 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2020.136487] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Lee WJ, Wu YT, Liao YW, Liu YT. Graphite Felt Modified by Atomic Layer Deposition with TiO 2 Nanocoating Exhibits Super-Hydrophilicity, Low Charge-Transform Resistance, and High Electrochemical Activity. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10091710. [PMID: 32872528 PMCID: PMC7560090 DOI: 10.3390/nano10091710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/26/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Graphite felt (GF) is a multi-functional material and is widely used as electrodes of electrochemical devices for energy and environmental applications. However, due to the inherent hydrophobicity of graphite felt, it must be hydrophilically pretreated to obtain good electrochemical activity. Metal oxides coating is one of the feasible methods to modify the surface of GF, and in order to ensure that the metal oxides have a better conductivity for obtaining higher electrochemical activity, a subsequent H2 heat-treatment process is usually adopted. In this study, atomic layer deposition (ALD) is used to deposit TiO2 nanocoating on graphite felt (GF) for surface modification without any H2 thermal post-treatment. The results show that the ALD-TiO2-modified GF (ALD-TiO2/GF) owns excellent hydrophilicity. Moreover, the ALD-TiO2/GF exhibits excellent electrochemical properties of low equivalent series resistance (Rs), low charge-transfer resistance (Rct), and high electrochemical activity. It demonstrates that ALD is an applicable technique for modifying the GF surface. In addition, it can be reasonably imagined that not only TiO2 film can effectively modify the GF surface, but also other metal oxides grown by ALD with nanoscale-thickness can also obtain the same benefits. We anticipate this work to be a starting point for modifying GF surface by using ALD with metal oxides nanocoating.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen-Jen Lee
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +886-8-7663800
| | - Yu-Ting Wu
- Department of Applied Physics, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan;
| | - Yi-Wei Liao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
| | - Yen-Ting Liu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, National Pingtung University, Pingtung 90003, Taiwan; (Y.-W.L.); (Y.-T.L.)
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18
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Tichter T, Schneider J, Andrae D, Gebhard M, Roth C. Universal Algorithm for Simulating and Evaluating Cyclic Voltammetry at Macroporous Electrodes by Considering Random Arrays of Microelectrodes. Chemphyschem 2020; 21:428-441. [PMID: 31841241 PMCID: PMC7078989 DOI: 10.1002/cphc.201901113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 12/13/2019] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
An algorithm for the simulation and evaluation of cyclic voltammetry (CV) at macroporous electrodes such as felts, foams, and layered structures is presented. By considering 1D, 2D, and 3D arrays of electrode sheets, cylindrical microelectrodes, hollow-cylindrical microelectrodes, and hollow-spherical microelectrodes the internal diffusion domains of the macroporous structures are approximated. A universal algorithm providing the time-dependent surface concentrations of the electrochemically active species, required for simulating cyclic voltammetry responses of the individual planar, cylindrical, and spherical microelectrodes, is presented as well. An essential ingredient of the algorithm, which is based on Laplace integral transformation techniques, is the use of a modified Talbot contour for the inverse Laplace transformation. It is demonstrated that first-order homogeneous chemical kinetics preceding and/or following the electrochemical reaction and electrochemically active species with non-equal diffusion coefficients can be included in all diffusion models as well. The proposed theory is supported by experimental data acquired for a reference reaction, the oxidation of [Fe(CN)6 ]4- at platinum electrodes as well as for a technically relevant reaction, the oxidation of VO2+ at carbon felt electrodes. Based on our calculation strategy, we provide a powerful open source tool for simulating and evaluating CV data implemented into a Python graphical user interface (GUI).
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Affiliation(s)
- Tim Tichter
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und BiochemieTakustr. 314195BerlinGermany
| | - Jonathan Schneider
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und BiochemieTakustr. 314195BerlinGermany
| | - Dirk Andrae
- Freie Universität Berlin Institut für Chemie und BiochemieArnimallee 2214195BerlinGermany
| | - Marcus Gebhard
- Universität Bayreuth Lehrstuhl für WerkstoffverfahrenstechnikUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
| | - Christina Roth
- Universität Bayreuth Lehrstuhl für WerkstoffverfahrenstechnikUniversitätsstr. 3095447BayreuthGermany
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19
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Tichter T, Schneider J, Nguyen Viet D, Diaz Duque A, Roth C. Rotating ring-disc electrode measurements for the quantitative electrokinetic investigation of the V3+-reduction at modified carbon electrodes. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2020.113843] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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20
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Casimero C, Hegarty C, McGlynn RJ, Davis J. Ultrasonic exfoliation of carbon fiber: electroanalytical perspectives. J APPL ELECTROCHEM 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s10800-019-01379-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/03/2023]
Abstract
Abstract
Electrochemical anodisation techniques are regularly used to modify carbon fiber surfaces as a means of improving electrochemical performance. A detailed study of the effects of oxidation (+ 2 V) in alkaline media has been conducted and Raman, XPS and SEM analyses of the modification process have been tallied with the resulting electrochemical properties. The co-application of ultrasound during the oxidative process has also been investigated to determine if the cavitational and mass transport features influence both the physical and chemical nature of the resulting fibers. Marked discrepancies between anodisation with and without ultrasound is evident in the C1s spectra with variations in the relative proportions of the electrogenerated carbon-oxygen functionalities. Mechanisms that could account for the variation in surface species are considered.
Graphic abstract
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21
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Lv Y, Yang C, Wang H, Zhang J, Xiang Y, Lu S. Antimony-doped tin oxide as an efficient electrocatalyst toward the VO 2+/VO 2+ redox couple of the vanadium redox flow battery. Catal Sci Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1039/c9cy01793c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Enhanced electrocatalytic activity of ATO toward the VO2+/VO2+ redox reaction by adjusting electronic conductivity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices
- School of Space and Environment
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Chunmei Yang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices
- School of Space and Environment
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Haining Wang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices
- School of Space and Environment
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Jin Zhang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices
- School of Space and Environment
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Yan Xiang
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices
- School of Space and Environment
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
| | - Shanfu Lu
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Energy Materials and Devices
- School of Space and Environment
- Beihang University
- Beijing
- China
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22
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Li X, Huang C. A new modification method for graphite felt electrodes in a MV/4-HO-TEMPO flow battery. RSC Adv 2020; 10:6333-6341. [PMID: 35496032 PMCID: PMC9049689 DOI: 10.1039/c9ra10966h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/27/2019] [Accepted: 02/05/2020] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Using graphite felt as the support body, reduced graphene oxide (rGO) is grown on the surface of carbon fibers by the hydrothermal reduction method, and the modified graphite felt was used as an electrode material and studied in a methyl viologen (MV)/4-hydroxy-2,2,6,6-tetramethylpiperidin-1-oxyl (4-HO-TEMPO) redox flow battery. This paper aims to solve the insufficient adhesion of the dip-coating method by simple, effective and low-cost means and provides a possibility for large-scale production and application; the new modification method increases the reaction area and performance of the electrode, resulting in high current density and improved battery performance, and in the current density of 60 mA cm−2, the battery provides 97.39% theoretical capacity, which has practical significance for battery configurations. Graphene felt electrodes modified with reduced graphene oxide (rGO) can greatly improve the performance of MV/ 4-HO-TEMPO flow battery.![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Xinyu Li
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
| | - Chengde Huang
- Department of Applied Chemistry
- School of Chemical Engineering and Technology
- Tianjin University
- Tianjin
- P. R. China
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23
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Hegde S, Kumar A, Hegde G. Synthesis of Sustainable Carbon Nanospheres from Natural Bioresources and Their Diverse Applications. ACS SYMPOSIUM SERIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1021/bk-2020-1353.ch016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Supriya Hegde
- Centre for Nano-materials and Displays, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bull Temple Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru 560019, India
| | - Anuj Kumar
- Natural Resources Institute Finland (Luke)/Luonnonvarakeskus (Luke), Joensuu Unit, Yliopistokatu 6 80100, JOENSUU, Finland
| | - Gurumurthy Hegde
- Centre for Nano-materials and Displays, B.M.S. College of Engineering, Bull Temple Road, Basavanagudi, Bengaluru 560019, India
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Lian T, Huang C, Liang F, Li X, Xi J. Simultaneously Providing Iron Source toward Electro-Fenton Process and Enhancing Hydrogen Peroxide Production via a Fe 3O 4 Nanoparticles Embedded Graphite Felt Electrode. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:45692-45701. [PMID: 31742993 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b16236] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Electro-reduction of O2 to generate H2O2 is an attractive alternative to the current anthraquinone process and quite necessary for chemical industries and environmental remediation. In general, sufficient porous structure contributes to expose more catalytic active sites and shorten diffusion paths for the heterogeneous catalysis of O2. In this work, initially the Fe3O4 nanoparticles embedded graphite felt (Fe3O4@GF) is prepared through a mild hydrothermal following with thermal reduction method. This special combination not only provides iron source for the electro-Fenton reaction but also supplies rich active sites from the Fe3O4 embedded structure with abundant cracks, which are beneficial to increase the reaction rate. Compared with raw graphite felt (RGF), fresh Fe3O4@GF exhibits superior pollutant degradation kinetics with more than 400% increase and approximately 37.8% improvement to the removal of total organic carbon. A 98% decolorization of rhodamine B (RhB) can be achieved in just 5 min and quickly completes 100% removal of RhB in the next few seconds. As the electro-Fenton reaction progresses, Fe3O4 dissolves in the electrolyte, leaving a porous structure on the surface of the GF to form a porous GF (PGF), and the rapid radical reaction activates the GF surface. Both the chemical etching of Fe3O4 and the electro-Fenton process can further increase the specific surface area, defects, and actives sites of the electrode. As expected, the active PGF exhibits favorable performance of H2O2 production in electrolytes of different pHs: 1 (320.0 ± 36.5 mg L-1), 3 (301.9 ± 13.2 mg L-1), and 7 (320.4 ± 21.2 mg L-1). The degradation performance of PGF does not significantly decay even after 20 cycles of repeated use, indicating the good structural stability and long-term durability. The superiority of the in situ Fe source and fast reaction kinetics for electro-Fenton of Fe3O4@GF is confirmed, and this holey engineered strategy also provides the possibility to achieve swift water purification and open up a new way for developing efficient carbon-based electrodes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Lian
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School , Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055 , China
| | - Chao Huang
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School , Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055 , China
- School of Materials Science and Engineering , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , China
| | - Feng Liang
- The State Key Laboratory of Refractories and Metallurgy, School of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering , Wuhan University of Science and Technology , Wuhan 430081 , China
| | - Xinyong Li
- State Key Laboratory of Fine Chemicals, Key Laboratory of Industrial Ecology and Environmental Engineering (MOE), School of Environmental Science and Technology , Dalian University of Technology , Dalian 116024 , China
| | - Jingyu Xi
- Tsinghua Shenzhen International Graduate School , Tsinghua University , Shenzhen 518055 , China
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25
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Jiang B, Wang Y, Wang D, Yao M, Fan C, Dai J. Modifying graphite felt cathode by HNO 3 or KOH to improve the degradation efficiency of electro-Fenton for landfill leachate. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2019; 80:2412-2421. [PMID: 32245933 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2020.072] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Based on graphite felt (GF), the cathode of an electro-Fenton (EF) system was modified by HNO3 and KOH respectively to improve the degradation efficiency for actual landfill leachate. The results of Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) spectra, Boehm titration experiments, contact angle, scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and adsorption experiments illustrated that the surface of the modified GFs had more oxygen-containing functional (OG) groups, and possessed better hydrophilicity and larger specific surface area. In 180 min H2O2 electrogeneration experiments, the cumulative amount of H2O2 produced by unmodified GF (GF-0), HNO3 modified GF (GF-1) and KOH modified GF (GF-2) was 526 mg/L, 891 mg/L and 823 mg/L respectively. In 180 min EF reaction, the removal rate of chemical oxygen demand (COD) in GF-0, GF-1 and GF-2 EF systems was 31.88%, 60.65% and 52.08% respectively; the removal rate of NH4 +-N in GF-0, GF-1 and GF-2 EF systems was 43.37%, 98.10% and 94.81% respectively. In addition, both the performance of GF-1 and GF-2 for Fe2+ regeneration was greatly enhanced, and GF-1 was superior to GF-2. The degradation efficiency for landfill leachate was enhanced obviously by employing the modified EF system, suggesting that the two modified cathodes have great potential in practical production.
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26
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Mehboob S, Ali G, Abbas S, Chung KY, Ha HY. Elucidating the performance-limiting electrode for all-vanadium redox flow batteries through in-depth physical and electrochemical analyses. J IND ENG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jiec.2019.05.045] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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27
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Abbas S, Hwang J, Kim H, Chae SA, Kim JW, Mehboob S, Ahn A, Han OH, Ha HY. Enzyme-Inspired Formulation of the Electrolyte for Stable and Efficient Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries at High Temperatures. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2019; 11:26842-26853. [PMID: 31268664 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b06790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Histidine, inspired by vanadium bromoperoxidase enzyme, has been applied as a homogeneous electrocatalyst to the positive electrolyte of vanadium redox flow battery (VRFB) to improve the performance and stability of VRFB at elevated temperatures. The histidine-containing electrolyte is found to significantly improve the performance of VRFB in terms of thermal stability estimated by the remaining amount of VO2+ in the electrolyte (61 vs 43% of a pristine one), energy efficiency at a high current density of 150 mA cm-2 (78.7 vs 71.2%), and capacity retention (73.2 vs 27.7%) at 60 °C. The mechanism of the catalytic functions of histidine with the chemical species in the electrolyte has been investigated for the first time by multinuclear NMR spectroscopy and first-principles calculations. The analyzed data reveal that histidine improves the kinetics of both charge and discharge reactions through different affinity toward the reactants and products as well as suppresses the precipitation of VO2+ by impeding the polymerization of vanadium ions. These findings are in good agreement with the improved chemical and electrochemical performance of the histidine-containing VRFB. Our results show a new type of chemical/electrochemical mechanism in the improved redox flow battery performance that may be essential in a new research arena for better performance of electrochemical systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saleem Abbas
- Center for Energy Storage Research , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environmental Engineering , Korea University of Science & Technology (UST)-KIST School , 217 Gajeong-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113 , Republic of Korea
| | - Jinyeon Hwang
- Center for Energy Storage Research , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
| | - Heejin Kim
- Electron Microscopy Center , Korea Basic Science Institute , Daejeon 34133 , Republic of Korea
| | - Seen Ae Chae
- Western Seoul Center , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Seoul 03759 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Won Kim
- Western Seoul Center , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Seoul 03759 , Republic of Korea
| | - Sheeraz Mehboob
- Center for Energy Storage Research , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environmental Engineering , Korea University of Science & Technology (UST)-KIST School , 217 Gajeong-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113 , Republic of Korea
| | - Ahreum Ahn
- Center for Computational Science and Engineering , Korea Institute of Science and Technology Information , Daejeon 34141 , Republic of Korea
| | - Oc Hee Han
- Western Seoul Center , Korea Basic Science Institute (KBSI) , Seoul 03759 , Republic of Korea
- Graduate School of Analytical Science & Technology , Chungnam National University , Daejeon 34134 , Republic of Korea
- Department of Chemistry & Nano Science , Ewha Womans University , Seoul 03760 , Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Yong Ha
- Center for Energy Storage Research , Korea Institute of Science and Technology (KIST) , 14-gil 5, Hwarang-ro , Seongbuk-gu, Seoul 02792 , Republic of Korea
- Division of Energy & Environmental Engineering , Korea University of Science & Technology (UST)-KIST School , 217 Gajeong-ro , Yuseong-gu, Daejeon 34113 , Republic of Korea
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28
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Zheng B, Li N, Yang J, Xi J. Waste cotton cloth derived carbon microtube textile: a robust and scalable interlayer for lithium–sulfur batteries. Chem Commun (Camb) 2019; 55:2289-2292. [DOI: 10.1039/c8cc09973a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Transformation of waste cotton cloth into freestanding carbon microtube textile as both a polysulfide barrier and an upper current collector for lithium–sulfur batteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bangbei Zheng
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Narui Li
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Jiaye Yang
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Jingyu Xi
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
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29
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Suo N, Wu A, Huang H, Cao G, Zhang G. Electrocatalytic oxygen reduction reaction activity of KOH etched carbon films as metal-free cathodic catalysts for fuel cells. RSC Adv 2019; 9:2803-2811. [PMID: 35520526 PMCID: PMC9059966 DOI: 10.1039/c8ra08629j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2018] [Accepted: 12/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The etched graphite catalyst has a higher oxygen reduction activity in KOH solution than the un-etched catalyst.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ni Suo
- Energy Materials & Devices Laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Aimin Wu
- Energy Materials & Devices Laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Hao Huang
- Energy Materials & Devices Laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
| | - Guozhong Cao
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering
- University of Washington
- Seattle
- USA
| | - Guifeng Zhang
- Energy Materials & Devices Laboratory
- School of Materials Science and Engineering
- Dalian University of Technology
- Dalian 116024
- China
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30
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Ling W, Deng Q, Ma Q, Wang H, Zhou C, Xu J, Yin Y, Wu X, Zeng X, Guo Y. Hierarchical Carbon Micro/Nanonetwork with Superior Electrocatalysis for High-Rate and Endurable Vanadium Redox Flow Batteries. ADVANCED SCIENCE (WEINHEIM, BADEN-WURTTEMBERG, GERMANY) 2018; 5:1801281. [PMID: 30581714 PMCID: PMC6299713 DOI: 10.1002/advs.201801281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2018] [Revised: 09/29/2018] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Vanadium redox flow batteries (VRFBs) are receiving increasing interest in energy storage fields because of their safety and versatility. However, the electrocatalytic activity of the electrode is a pivotal factor that still restricts the power and cycling capabilities of VRFBs. Here, a hierarchical carbon micro/nanonetwork (HCN) electrode codoped with nitrogen and phosphorus is prepared for application in VRFBs by cross-linking polymerization of aniline and physic acid, and subsequent pyrolysis on graphite felt. Due to the hierarchical electron pathways and abundant heteroatom active sites, the HCN exhibits superior electrocatalysis toward the vanadium redox couples and imparts the VRFBs with an outstanding energy efficiency and extraordinary stability after 2000 cycles at 250 mA cm-2 and a discharge capacity of 10.5 mA h mL-1 at an extra-large current density of 400 mA cm-2. Such a micro/nanostructure design will force the advancement of durable and high-power VRFBs and other electrochemical energy storage devices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Ling
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and NanotechnologyCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Qi Deng
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
- Hunan Province Yin Feng New Energy Co. Ltd.ChangshaHunan410000P. R. China
| | - Qiang Ma
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and NanotechnologyCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Hong‐Rui Wang
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
| | - Chun‐Jiao Zhou
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
| | - Jian‐Kai Xu
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
| | - Ya‐Xia Yin
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and NanotechnologyCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100190P. R. China
| | - Xiong‐Wei Wu
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
- Hunan Province Yin Feng New Energy Co. Ltd.ChangshaHunan410000P. R. China
| | - Xian‐Xiang Zeng
- College of ScienceHunan Agricultural UniversityChangshaHunan410128P. R. China
| | - Yu‐Guo Guo
- CAS Key Laboratory of Molecular Nanostructure and NanotechnologyCAS Research/Education Center for Excellence in Molecular SciencesInstitute of ChemistryChinese Academy of Sciences (CAS)Beijing100190P. R. China
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31
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Su J, Zhao Y, Xi J. Phosphorus-doped carbon nitride as powerful electrocatalyst for high-power vanadium flow battery. Electrochim Acta 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2018.08.044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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32
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Chang Y, Deng L, Meng X, Zhang W, Wang C, Wang Y, Zhao S, Lin L, Crittenden JC. Closed-Loop Electrochemical Recycling of Spent Copper(II) from Etchant Wastewater Using a Carbon Nanotube Modified Graphite Felt Anode. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:5940-5948. [PMID: 29660978 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.7b06298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Developing effective technologies for treatment of spent etchant in printed circuit boards industries is of paramount for sustainable copper reuse and reducing copper discharge. We developed a novel closed-loop electrochemical cell for on-site regeneration of spent acidic cupric chloride etchant. It does not have any emissions and recycles all the copper using a three-dimensional graphite felt anode decorated with carbon nanotube (CNT/GF). The CNT/GF anode oxidizes Cu(I) to Cu(II) so that the spent cuprous chloride can be converted to cupric chloride and reused. The decorated CNT layer with abundant oxygen-containing functional groups significantly enhanced the electrocatalytic activity for Cu(II)/Cu(I) redox. The CuCl32- is oxidized to CuCl+ at the anode and the CuCl+ is reduced to Cu(0) at the cathode. The closed-loop cycle system converts the catholyte into the anolyte. On average, the energy consumption of Cu(I) oxidation by CNT/GF is decreased by 12%, comparing to that by untreated graphite felt. The oxidation rate of Cu(I) is determined by the current density, and there is no delay for the mass transport of Cu(I). This study highlights the outstanding electrocatalytic performance, the rapid mass-transfer kinetics, and the excellent stability of the CNT/GF electrode, and provides an energy-efficient and zero-emission strategy for the regeneration of etchant waste.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yan Chang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350 , China
| | - Lin Deng
- Brook Byer Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
- Key Laboratory of Building Safety and Energy Efficiency and Department of Water Engineering and Science, College of Civil Engineering , Hunan University , Changsha 410082 , China
| | - Xiaoyang Meng
- Brook Byer Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Wen Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350 , China
- Brook Byer Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
| | - Chunzhen Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350 , China
| | - Yuxin Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350 , China
| | - Song Zhao
- State Key Laboratory of Chemical Engineering, Co-Innovation Center of Chemical Science and Engineering, Tianjin Key Laboratory of Membrane Science and Desalination Technology and School of Chemical Engineering and Technology , Tianjin University , Tianjin 300350 , China
| | - Li Lin
- Brook Byer Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
- Basin Water Environmental Research Department , Changjiang River Scientific Research Institute , Wuhan 430010 , China
| | - John C Crittenden
- Brook Byer Institute for Sustainable Systems and School of Civil and Environmental Engineering , Georgia Institute of Technology , Atlanta , Georgia 30332 , United States
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33
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Lv Z, Zhang J, Lv Y, Cheng Y, Jiang SP, Xiang Y, Lu S. The electrocatalytic characterization and mechanism of carbon nanotubes with different numbers of walls for the VO 2+/VO 2+ redox couple. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 20:7791-7797. [PMID: 29503996 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp08683k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Carbon nanotubes (CNTs) have been applied as catalysts in the VO2+/VO2+ redox, whereas the mechanism of CNTs for the redox reaction is still unclear. In this work, the mechanism of the VO2+/VO2+ redox is investigated by comparing the electrocatalytic performance of CNTs with different distributions. For different CNTs, the peak current density of the VO2+/VO2+ redox increases with increasing content of oxygen-functional groups on the surface of CNTs, especially the carboxyl group which is proved as active sites for the redox reaction. Moreover, the reversibility of the VO2+/VO2+ redox decreases with increasing defects of CNTs, as the defects affect the charge transfer of the catalytic reaction. Nevertheless, when a multi-walled CNT sample is oxidized to achieve a high content of oxygen functional groups and defects, the peak current density of the redox reaction increases from 38.5 mA mg-1 to 45.4 mA mg-1 whilst the peak potential separation (ΔEp) also increases from 0.176 V to 0.209 V. Overall, a balance between the oxygen functional groups and the defects of CNTs affects the peak current and the reversibility for the VO2+/VO2+ redox.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaoqian Lv
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Bio-inspired Materials and Devices & School of Space and Environment, Beihang University, Beijing, 100191, China.
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Mu D, Zhao Y, Yu L, Liu L, Xi J. Asymmetric vanadium flow batteries: long lifespan via an anolyte overhang strategy. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2018; 19:29195-29203. [PMID: 29067358 DOI: 10.1039/c7cp06249d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
Fast capacity decay is a serious problem in vanadium flow batteries (VFBs). How to eliminate or slow down capacity fading has become a critical issue for the practical application of VFBs. Herein, the concept of an asymmetric vanadium flow battery (aVFB) is introduced, in which the asymmetric design of a catholyte and an anolyte is used to suppress the capacity decay of the VFB. Based on the comprehensive analysis of the capacity decay and electrolyte imbalance process of the traditional symmetric VFB, it was found that the capacity fading is mainly owing to the loss of the anolyte in the long-term cycling test. Therefore, this work attempts to use excess anolyte (i.e. 10%, 20% and 30%) to mitigate the capacity decay during the long-term operation of the VFB. To gain deeper insights into the capacity retention mechanism of these novel anolyte overhang aVFBs, long-term cycle performance of the corresponding symmetric overhang VFBs and catholyte overhang aVFBs is investigated for comparison. The optimal excess ratio of anolyte and how to add the excess anolyte are also suggested for future study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Di Mu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy, Graduate School at Shenzhen, Tsinghua University, Shenzhen 518055, China.
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35
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Lv Y, Zhang J, Lv Z, Wu C, Liu Y, Wang H, Lu S, Xiang Y. Enhanced electrochemical activity of carbon felt for V2+/V3+ redox reaction via combining KOH-etched pretreatment with uniform deposition of Bi nanoparticles. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
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36
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Khataee A, Sajjadi S, Pouran SR, Hasanzadeh A, Joo SW. A comparative study on electrogeneration of hydrogen peroxide through oxygen reduction over various plasma-treated graphite electrodes. Electrochim Acta 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2017.05.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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37
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Schweiss R, Meiser C, Goh FWT. Steady-State Measurements of Vanadium Redox-Flow Batteries to Study Particular Influences of Carbon Felt Properties. ChemElectroChem 2017. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.201700280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ruediger Schweiss
- SGL Carbon GmbH; Werner-von-Siemensstrasse 18 86405 Meitingen Germany
| | - Christian Meiser
- SGL Carbon GmbH; Werner-von-Siemensstrasse 18 86405 Meitingen Germany
| | - Fu Wei Thomas Goh
- SGL Carbon GmbH; Werner-von-Siemensstrasse 18 86405 Meitingen Germany
- German Institute of Science and Technology (GIST) - TUM Asia Pte Ltd; 510 Dover Road, #05-01 Singapore 139660
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38
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Wu L, Wang J, Shen Y, Liu L, Xi J. Electrochemical evaluation methods of vanadium flow battery electrodes. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2017; 19:14708-14717. [DOI: 10.1039/c7cp02581e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
A reliable device as well as parameters is important for the electrochemical evaluation of a VFB electrode to achieve more convincing results.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lantao Wu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Jianshe Wang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Energy
- Zhengzhou University
- Zhengzhou 450000
- China
| | - Yi Shen
- School of Food Science and Engineering
- South China University of Technology
- Guangzhou 510640
- China
| | - Le Liu
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
| | - Jingyu Xi
- Institute of Green Chemistry and Energy
- Graduate School at Shenzhen
- Tsinghua University
- Shenzhen 518055
- China
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