1
|
Watanabe EY, Gevaerd A, Caetano FR, Marcolino-Junior LH, Bergamini MF. An electrochemical microfluidic device for non-enzymatic cholesterol determination using a lab-made disposable electrode. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2023. [PMID: 37469272 DOI: 10.1039/d3ay00654a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/21/2023]
Abstract
Cholesterol is an important steroid and hormone precursor, and its levels in the blood are associated with risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. In this work, a non-enzymatic methodology for cholesterol determination in serum samples is described. First, a working electrode was constructed using homemade ink and a plastic substrate by a simple dunking process. Next, the dunked electrode (DWE) was modified with nickel ions (Ni-DWE) and combined with a low-cost microfluidic platform, resulting in a thread-based electroanalytical device (μTED). The arrangement of μTED consists of two coupled electrodes (one reference in the inlet reservoir and an auxiliary electrode against the outlet reservoir) and a mobile support for facile working electrode exchange. After optimization of construction parameters, the system was applied for non-enzymatic determination of cholesterol under alkaline conditions using the redox pair Ni(II)/Ni(III) as a mediator. Under the best analytical conditions, a calibration curve was constructed with a linear dynamic range (LDR) from 0.25 to 25.0 μmol L-1, and the calculated limits of detection (LOD) and quantification (LOQ) were 0.074 and 0.24 μmol L-1, respectively. No effects of possible interferents on electrochemical response were found in the presence of ascorbic acid, uric acid, dopamine, cysteine, and glucose, suggesting that the proposed device can be used for the determination of cholesterol without significant matrix effects of human plasma. Finally, cholesterol analysis was carried out using spiked plasma samples, and good recovery values were achieved.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emily Yamagutti Watanabe
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE) - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, CEP 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
| | - Ava Gevaerd
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE) - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, CEP 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
- Hilab, Rua José Altair Possebom, 800, Curitiba, CEP 81270-185, PR, Brazil
| | - Fabio Roberto Caetano
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE) - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, CEP 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
| | - Luiz Humberto Marcolino-Junior
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE) - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, CEP 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
| | - Márcio Fernando Bergamini
- Laboratório de Sensores Eletroquímicos (LabSensE) - Departamento de Química, Universidade Federal do Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, CEP 81531-980, PR, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ataide VN, Pradela-Filho LA, Ameku WA, Negahdary M, Oliveira TG, Santos BG, Paixão TRLC, Angnes L. Paper-based electrochemical biosensors for the diagnosis of viral diseases. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:276. [PMID: 37368054 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05856-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2023] [Accepted: 05/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023]
Abstract
Paper-based electrochemical analytical devices (ePADs) have gained significant interest as promising analytical units in recent years because they can be fabricated in simple ways, are low-cost, portable, and disposable platforms that can be applied in various fields. In this sense, paper-based electrochemical biosensors are attractive analytical devices since they can promote diagnose several diseases and potentially allow decentralized analysis. Electrochemical biosensors are versatile, as the measured signal can be improved by using mainly molecular technologies and nanomaterials to attach biomolecules, resulting in an increase in their sensitivity and selectivity. Additionally, they can be implemented in microfluidic devices that drive and control the flow without external pumping and store reagents, and improve the mass transport of analytes, increasing sensor sensitivity. In this review, we focus on the recent developments in electrochemical paper-based devices for viruses' detection, including COVID-19, Dengue, Zika, Hepatitis, Ebola, AIDS, and Influenza, among others, which have caused impacts on people's health, especially in places with scarce resources. Also, we discuss the advantages and disadvantages of the main electrode's fabrication methods, device designs, and biomolecule immobilization strategies. Finally, the perspectives and challenges that need to be overcome to further advance paper-based electrochemical biosensors' applications are critically presented.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vanessa N Ataide
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| | - Lauro A Pradela-Filho
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson A Ameku
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Masoud Negahdary
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thawan G Oliveira
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Berlane G Santos
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Thiago R L C Paixão
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lúcio Angnes
- Department of Fundamental Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, Av. Prof Lineu Prestes, 748, 05508-000, São Paulo, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Silva-Neto HA, Duarte-Junior GF, Rocha DS, Bedioui F, Varenne A, Coltro WKT. Recycling 3D Printed Residues for the Development of Disposable Paper-Based Electrochemical Sensors. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2023. [PMID: 36884339 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.3c00370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Here, we propose a recyclable approach using acrylonitrile-butadiene-styrene (ABS) residues from additive manufacturing in combination with low-cost and accessible graphite flakes as a novel and potential mixture for creating a conductive paste. The graphite particles were successfully incorporated in the recycled thermoplastic composite when solubilized with acetone and the mixture demonstrated greater adherence to different substrates, among which cellulose-based material made possible the construction of a paper-based electrochemical sensor (PES). The morphological, structural, and electrochemical characterizations of the recycled electrode material were demonstrated to be similar to those of the traditional carbon-based surfaces. Faradaic responses based on redox probe activity ([Fe(CN)6]3-/4-) exhibited well-defined peak currents and diffusional mass transfer as a quasi-reversible system (96 ± 5 mV) with a fast heterogeneous rate constant value of 2 × 10-3 cm s-1. To improve the electrode electrochemical properties, both the PES and the classical 3D-printed electrode surfaces were modified with a combination of multiwalled carbon nanotubes (MWCNTs), graphene oxide (GO), and copper. Both electrode surfaces demonstrated the suitable oxidation of nitrite at 0.6 and 0.5 V vs Ag, respectively. The calculated analytical sensitivities for PES and 3D-printed electrodes were 0.005 and 0.002 μA/(μmol L-1), respectively. The proposed PES was applied for the indirect amperometric analysis of S-nitroso-cysteine (CysNO) in serum samples via nitrite quantitation, demonstrating a limit of detection of 4.1 μmol L-1, with statistically similar values when compared to quantitative analysis of the same samples by spectrophotometry (paired t test, 95% confidence limit). The evaluated electroanalytical approach exhibited linear behavior for nitrite in the concentration range between 10 and 125 μmol L-1, which is suitable for realizing clinical diagnosis involving Parkinson's disease, for example. This proof of concept shows the great promise of this recyclable strategy combining ABS residues and conductive particles in the context of green chemical protocols for constructing disposable sensors.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Habdias A Silva-Neto
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO Brazil
| | | | - Danielly S Rocha
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO Brazil
| | - Fethi Bedioui
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences i-CLeHS, Chimie ParisTech-PSL/CNRS, Paris 8060, France
| | - Anne Varenne
- Institute of Chemistry for Life and Health Sciences i-CLeHS, Chimie ParisTech-PSL/CNRS, Paris 8060, France
| | - Wendell K T Coltro
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Goiás, 74690-900, Goiânia, GO Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica, Campinas 13084-971, São Paulo Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Polyimide adhesive tapes as a versatile and disposable substrate to produce CO2 laser-induced carbon sensors for batch and microfluidic analysis. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
|
5
|
Camargo JR, Fernandes-Junior WS, Azzi DC, Rocha RG, Faria LV, Richter EM, Muñoz RAA, Janegitz BC. Development of New Simple Compositions of Silver Inks for the Preparation of Pseudo-Reference Electrodes. BIOSENSORS 2022; 12:761. [PMID: 36140146 PMCID: PMC9497032 DOI: 10.3390/bios12090761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/09/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Silver materials are known to present excellent properties, such as high electrical and thermal conductivity as well as chemical stability. Silver-based inks have drawn a lot of attention for being compatible with various substrates, which can be used in the production uniform and stable pseudo-reference electrodes with low curing temperatures. Furthermore, the interest in the use of disposable electrodes has been increasing due to the low cost and the possibility of their use in point-of-care and point-of-need situations. Thus, in this work, two new inks were developed using Ag as conductive material and colorless polymers (nail polish (NP) and shellac (SL)), and applied to different substrates (screen-printed electrodes, acetate sheets, and 3D-printed electrodes) to verify the performance of the proposed inks. Measurements attained with open circuit potential (OCP) attested to the stability of the potential of the pseudo-reference proposed for 1 h. Analytical curves for β-estradiol were also obtained using the devices prepared with the proposed inks as pseudo-references electrodes, which presented satisfactory results concerning the potential stability (RSD < 2.6%). These inks are simple to prepare and present great alternatives for the development of pseudo-reference electrodes useful in the construction of disposable electrochemical systems.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica R. Camargo
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Wilson S. Fernandes-Junior
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
| | - Déborah C. Azzi
- ADB Pesquisa e Desenvolvimento, Araras 13600-140, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel G. Rocha
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil
| | - Lucas V. Faria
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil
| | - Eduardo M. Richter
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil
| | - Rodrigo A. A. Muñoz
- Institute of Chemistry, Federal University of Uberlândia, Uberlândia 38400-902, MG, Brazil
| | - Bruno C. Janegitz
- Department of Nature Sciences, Mathematics and Education, Federal University of São Carlos, Araras 13600-970, SP, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Silicone glue-based graphite ink incorporated on paper platform as an affordable approach to construct stable electrochemical sensors. Talanta 2022; 251:123812. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2022] [Revised: 07/29/2022] [Accepted: 08/02/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
|
7
|
Graphite sheets modified with poly(methylene blue) films: A cost-effective approach for the electrochemical sensing of the antibiotic nitrofurantoin. Microchem J 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2022.107289] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
|
8
|
Ferreira de Oliveira AE, César Pereira A, Ferreira LF. Fully handwritten electrodes on paper substrate using rollerball pen with silver nanoparticle ink, marker pen with carbon nanotube ink and graphite pencil. ANALYTICAL METHODS : ADVANCING METHODS AND APPLICATIONS 2022; 14:1880-1888. [PMID: 35506547 DOI: 10.1039/d2ay00373b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Herein, a so-called carbon nanotube (CNT) electrode was printed in on a paper substrate using the handwriting technique and carbon nanotube ink in a marker pen to print the working electrode, graphite pencil to print the counter electrode and graphite/silver nanoparticle (AgNP) ink in a rollerball pen to print the quasi-reference electrode. The carbon nanotube electrode was characterized via scanning electron microscopy. The electrode was optimized based on the type of paper, hydrophobic barrier and number of layers. In summary, the optimized parameters included the use of matte paper with a mineral spirit layer. The number of carbon nanotube layers to achieve the best electrochemical performance was 25. The final graphite electrode was a miniaturized and flexible paper-based electrochemical electrode. To evaluate the electrical properties of the electrodes, the ohmic resistance of each ink was tested using a multimeter and the obtained values were 18.62 kΩ for the CNT ink, 1.53 Ω for the AgNP ink and 3.53 kΩ for the graphite trace. These results indicate the good conductivity of each synthesized ink used in the fabrication of the CNT electrode. Finally, the electrode was used to measure the electrochemical response of different concentrations of K4[Fe(CN)6]. Then, a calibration curve was obtained from the voltammograms and linearity was observed in the range of 0.5-3.5 mM. This suggests that the CNT electrode has the potential to be used as an amperometric electrode.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ana Elisa Ferreira de Oliveira
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, UFSJ, São João del-Rei, MG, CEP 36307-352, Brazil.
| | - Arnaldo César Pereira
- Departamento de Ciências Naturais, Universidade Federal de São João del-Rei, UFSJ, São João del-Rei, MG, CEP 36307-352, Brazil.
| | - Lucas Franco Ferreira
- Laboratório de Eletroquímica e Nanotecnologia Aplicada, Instituto de Ciência e Tecnologia, Universidade Federal dos Vales do Jequitinhonha e Mucuri, Rodovia MGT 367, Km 583, 5000, Alto da Jacuba, Diamantina, MG 39100-000, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Fabrication of paper-based analytical devices using a PLA 3D-printed stencil for electrochemical determination of chloroquine and escitalopram. J Solid State Electrochem 2021; 26:581-586. [PMID: 34751209 PMCID: PMC8566020 DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-05075-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 10/26/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, the use of prescribed and non-prescribed drugs has increased. Therefore, advances in new technologies and sensors for detecting molecules in natural environments are required. In this work, a 3D-printed polylactic acid stencil is used to fabricate paper-based analytical devices (ePADs). Herein, we report the use of carbon-based lab-manufactured conductive ink for the fabrication of sensors towards the detection of chloroquine and escitalopram. For each batch, eight ePADs were successfully fabricated. Firstly, the fabricated sensors were evaluated morphologically by scanning electron microscopy and electrochemically by cyclic voltammetry and electrochemical impedance spectroscopy experiments. The sensors displayed a well-defined voltammetric profile in the presence of the redox couple, when compared to a commercial carbon screen-printed electrode. Differential pulse voltammetry conducted the detection of chloroquine and escitalopram with detection limits of 4.0 and 0.5 µmol L−1, respectively. The ePADs fabricated using the 3D stencil are here presented as alternatives for the fabrication of electrochemical analytical devices.
Collapse
|
10
|
Melo Henrique J, Rocha Camargo J, Gabriel de Oliveira G, Santos Stefano J, Campos Janegitz B. Disposable electrochemical sensor based on shellac and graphite for sulfamethoxazole detection. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.106701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
|
11
|
Rocha DS, Duarte LC, Silva-Neto HA, Chagas CL, Santana MH, Antoniosi Filho NR, Coltro WK. Sandpaper-based electrochemical devices assembled on a reusable 3D-printed holder to detect date rape drug in beverages. Talanta 2021; 232:122408. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2021] [Revised: 04/04/2021] [Accepted: 04/07/2021] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
|
12
|
Lisboa TP, de Faria LV, Alves GF, Matos MAC, Matos RC. Development of paper devices with conductive inks for sulfanilamide electrochemical determination in milk, synthetic urine, and environmental and pharmaceutical samples. J Solid State Electrochem 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-021-05002-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
13
|
Paixão GA, Souza TG, Pradela Filho LA, Ferreira MV, Takeuchi RM, Assunção RMN, Kikuti E. Low‐cost
conductive films based on graphite and cellulose acetate as promising electroanalytical platforms. POLYM ADVAN TECHNOL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/pat.5391] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Guilherme A. Paixão
- Department Center of Education and Human Sciences Federal University of São Carlos São Carlos Brazil
| | - Thaís G. Souza
- Pontal Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Uberlândia Ituiutaba Brazil
| | | | - Marcos V. Ferreira
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Regina M. Takeuchi
- Pontal Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Uberlândia Ituiutaba Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Rosana M. N. Assunção
- Pontal Institute of Exact and Natural Sciences Federal University of Uberlândia Ituiutaba Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
| | - Elaine Kikuti
- Institute of Chemistry Federal University of Uberlândia Uberlândia Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
de Lima LF, Ferreira AL, Maciel CC, Ferreira M, de Araujo WR. Disposable and low-cost electrochemical sensor based on the colorless nail polish and graphite composite material for tartrazine detection. Talanta 2021; 227:122200. [PMID: 33714472 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122200] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/29/2021] [Accepted: 02/03/2021] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
A new method to manufacture electrochemical devices based on the graphite and colorless nail polish (N-grap) film was developed for tartrazine (Tz) detection. Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) demonstrates that the composite material presents a high porous carbon structure. Cyclic voltammetry (CV) and Electrochemical Impedance Spectroscopy (EIS) were employed to electrochemically characterize the electrode material, which corroborates the porous structure of the N-graph due to the enhanced electroactive area (5.4-fold increase) and presented a heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (k0) of 5.82 × 10-3 cm s-1 for potassium ferricyanide. The electrochemical determination of the Tz was carried out using square-wave voltammetry (SWV), under the optimized experimental conditions, which showed high sensitivity (0.793 A L mol-1) and a lower limit of detection (LOD) of 2.10 × 10-8 mol L-1 with a linear concentration ranging from 2.0 to 50.0 μmol L-1. The developed sensor was applied for the analysis of Tz in sports drink samples and the result obtained by N-grap device was statistically compared with a spectrophotometric method demonstrating good accordance and the accuracy of the proposed method. Based on these results, we believe that this new fabrication method to produce disposable and low-cost electrochemical devices can be an alternative method for in-field analysis of dye in commercial sport drink samples and other relevant applications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lucas F de Lima
- Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - André L Ferreira
- Center of Science and Technology for Sustainability (CCTS), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Cristiane C Maciel
- Institute of Science and Technology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), 18087-180, Sorocaba, Brazil
| | - Marystela Ferreira
- Center of Science and Technology for Sustainability (CCTS), Federal University of São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - William R de Araujo
- Portable Chemical Sensors Lab, Department of Analytical Chemistry, Institute of Chemistry, State University of Campinas - UNICAMP, P.O. Box 6154, 13083-970, Campinas, SP, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Camargo JR, Orzari LO, Araújo DAG, de Oliveira PR, Kalinke C, Rocha DP, Luiz dos Santos A, Takeuchi RM, Munoz RAA, Bonacin JA, Janegitz BC. Development of conductive inks for electrochemical sensors and biosensors. Microchem J 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2021.105998] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
|
16
|
Fonseca WT, Castro KR, Oliveira TR, Faria RC. Disposable and Flexible Electrochemical Paper‐based Analytical Devices Using Low‐cost Conductive Ink. ELECTROANAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/elan.202060564] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Wilson Tiago Fonseca
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís km 235 – SP-310 São Carlos SP 13565–905 Brazil
| | - Karla Ribeiro Castro
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís km 235 – SP-310 São Carlos SP 13565–905 Brazil
| | - Tássia Regina Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís km 235 – SP-310 São Carlos SP 13565–905 Brazil
| | - Ronaldo Censi Faria
- Department of Chemistry Federal University of São Carlos Rod. Washington Luís km 235 – SP-310 São Carlos SP 13565–905 Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Nochit P, Sub-udom P, Teepoo S. Multiwalled Carbon Nanotube (MWCNT) Based Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Device (ePAD) for the Determination of Catechol in Wastewater. ANAL LETT 2021. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2021.1872591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Phatchada Nochit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Paitoon Sub-udom
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| | - Siriwan Teepoo
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science and Technology, Rajamangala University of Technology Thanyaburi, Thanyaburi, Pathum Thani, Thailand
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Silva-Neto HA, Cardoso TMG, McMahon CJ, Sgobbi LF, Henry CS, Coltro WKT. Plug-and-play assembly of paper-based colorimetric and electrochemical devices for multiplexed detection of metals. Analyst 2021; 146:3463-3473. [DOI: 10.1039/d1an00176k] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
We propose a “plug-and-play” (PnP) assembly for coupling paper-based colorimetric and electrochemical devices for multiplexed detection of metals.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Lívia F. Sgobbi
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal de Goiás
- Goiânia
- Brazil
| | | | - Wendell K. T. Coltro
- Instituto de Química
- Universidade Federal de Goiás
- Goiânia
- Brazil
- Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia de Bioanalítica
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
A lab-made screen-printed electrode as a platform to study the effect of the size and functionalization of carbon nanotubes on the voltammetric determination of caffeic acid. Microchem J 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2020.105297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
20
|
Khoshroo A, Fattahi A. Electrochemical analysis of anionic analytes in weakly supported media using electron transfer promotion effect: a case study on nitrite. Sci Rep 2020; 10:14511. [PMID: 32883970 PMCID: PMC7471947 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-71365-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2020] [Accepted: 08/14/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a simple technique was developed for the electrochemical detection of anionic analytes in weakly supported media. This was conducted by the use of electrochemical paper-based analytical devices (ePADs). A sensing platform was modified with nereistoxin and used to determine nitrite as a case study. The electrochemical response was improved due to the accelerated electron transfer between the sensing platform and the nitrite through the electrostatic interaction of the amino group of nereistoxin and the nitrite. The electrocatalytic current of the nitrite in the presence of nereistoxin was enhanced in the weakly supported media. By using nereistoxin as a signal enhancer, 97% of the electrochemical signal was obtained at the low ionic strength of the electrolyte, while less than 35% of this signal was obtained in the absence of nereistoxin. The limit of detection was as low as 20 nM using an ePAD. Generally, the proposed ePAD serves as a promising, efficient and low-cost device for sensing applications in weakly supported media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alireza Khoshroo
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Bākhtarān, Iran
| | - Ali Fattahi
- Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, Health Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Bākhtarān, Iran.
- Medical Biology Research Center, Health Technology Institute, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Bākhtarān, Iran.
| |
Collapse
|
21
|
Stone Paper as a New Substrate to Fabricate Flexible Screen-Printed Electrodes for the Electrochemical Detection of Dopamine. SENSORS 2020; 20:s20123609. [PMID: 32604924 PMCID: PMC7349771 DOI: 10.3390/s20123609] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 06/16/2020] [Accepted: 06/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Flexible screen-printed electrodes (HP) were fabricated on stone paper substrate and amperometrically modified with gold nanoparticles (HP-AuNPs). The modified electrode displayed improved electronic transport properties, reflected in a low charge-transfer resistance (1220 Ω) and high apparent heterogeneous electron transfer rate constant (1.94 × 10−3 cm/s). The voltammetric detection of dopamine (DA) was tested with HP and HP-AuNPs electrodes in standard laboratory solutions (pH 6 phosphate-buffered saline (PBS)) containing various concentrations of analyte (10−7–10−3 M). As expected, the modified electrode exhibits superior performances in terms of linear range (10−7–10−3 M) and limit of detection (3 × 10−8 M), in comparison with bare HP. The determination of DA was tested with HP-AuNPs in spiked artificial urine and in pharmaceutical drug solution (ZENTIVA) that contained dopamine hydrochloride (5 mg/mL). The results obtained indicated a very good DA determination in artificial urine without significant matrix effects. In the case of the pharmaceutical drug solution, the DA determination was affected by the interfering species present in the vial, such as sodium metabisulfite, maleic acid, sodium chloride, and propylene glycol.
Collapse
|
22
|
|
23
|
Camargo JR, Andreotti IA, Kalinke C, Henrique JM, Bonacin JA, Janegitz BC. Waterproof paper as a new substrate to construct a disposable sensor for the electrochemical determination of paracetamol and melatonin. Talanta 2020; 208:120458. [DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2019.120458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2019] [Revised: 10/07/2019] [Accepted: 10/08/2019] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
|
24
|
Pradela-Filho LA, Noviana E, Araújo DAG, Takeuchi RM, Santos AL, Henry CS. Rapid Analysis in Continuous-Flow Electrochemical Paper-Based Analytical Devices. ACS Sens 2020; 5:274-281. [PMID: 31898461 DOI: 10.1021/acssensors.9b02298] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
A simple and low-cost continuous-flow (CF) electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) coupled with thermoplastic electrodes (TPEs) was developed. The fast, continuous flow combined with flow injection analysis was made possible by adding two inlet reservoirs to the same paper-based hollow channel flowing over detection electrodes, terminating in a fan-shaped pumping reservoir. The upstream inlet reservoir was filled with buffer and provided constant flow through the device. Sample injections were performed by adding 2 μL of the sample to the downstream sample inlet. Differences in flow resistance resulted in sample plugs displacing buffer as the solution flowed over the working electrodes. The electrodes were fabricated by mixing carbon black and polycaprolactone (50% w/w). CF-TPE-ePADs were characterized with chronoamperometry using ferrocenylmethyl trimethylammonium as the electrochemical probe. Optimized flow rates and injection volumes gave analysis times roughly an order of magnitude faster than those of previously reported flow injection analysis ePADs. To demonstrate applicability, the CF-TPE-ePADs were used to quantify caffeic acid in three different tea samples. The proposed method had a linear range from 10 to 500 μmol L-1 and limits of detection and quantification of 2.5 and 8.3 μmol L-1, respectively. Our approach is promising for fabricating simple, inexpensive, yet high-performance, flow injection analysis devices using paper substrates and easy-to-make electrodes that do not require external mechanical pumping systems or complicated valves.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lauro A. Pradela-Filho
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| | - Eka Noviana
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Universitas Gadjah Mada, Yogyakarta 55281, Indonesia
| | - Diele A. G. Araújo
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
| | - Regina M. Takeuchi
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
| | - André L. Santos
- Instituto de Química, Universidade Federal de Uberlândia, Av. João Naves de Ávila, 2121, Minas Gerais, Uberlândia, MG 38400-902, Brasil
| | - Charles S. Henry
- Department of Chemistry, Colorado State University, Fort Collins, Colorado 80523, United States
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Moro G, Bottari F, Van Loon J, Du Bois E, De Wael K, Moretto LM. Disposable electrodes from waste materials and renewable sources for (bio)electroanalytical applications. Biosens Bioelectron 2019; 146:111758. [PMID: 31605984 DOI: 10.1016/j.bios.2019.111758] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2019] [Revised: 09/23/2019] [Accepted: 10/01/2019] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
The numerous advantages of disposable and screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) particularly in terms of portability, sensibility, sensitivity and low-cost led to the massive application of these electroanalytical devices. To limit the electronic waste and recover precious materials, new recycling processes were developed together with alternative SPEs fabrication procedures based on renewable, biocompatible sources or waste materials, such as paper, agricultural byproducts or spent batteries. The increased interest in the use of eco-friendly materials for electronics has given rise to a new generation of highly performing green modifiers. From paper based electrodes to disposable electrodes obtained from CD/DVD, in the last decades considerable efforts were devoted to reuse and recycle in the field of electrochemistry. Here an overview of recycled and recyclable disposable electrodes, sustainable electrode modifiers and alternative fabrication processes is proposed aiming to provide meaningful examples to redesign the world of disposable electrodes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Giulia Moro
- LSE Research Group, Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre, Italy; AXES Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Fabio Bottari
- AXES Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Joren Van Loon
- AXES Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium; Product Development Research Group, Faculty of Design Sciences, University of Antwerp, Ambtmanstraat 1, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Els Du Bois
- Product Development Research Group, Faculty of Design Sciences, University of Antwerp, Ambtmanstraat 1, 2000, Antwerp, Belgium
| | - Karolien De Wael
- AXES Research Group, Department of Chemistry, University of Antwerp, Groenenborgerlaan 171, 2020, Antwerp, Belgium.
| | - Ligia Maria Moretto
- LSE Research Group, Department of Molecular Science and Nanosystems, Ca' Foscari University of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30172, Mestre, Italy.
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Disposable and flexible electrochemical sensor made by recyclable material and low cost conductive ink. J Electroanal Chem (Lausanne) 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jelechem.2019.03.059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
|
27
|
Li Y, He R, Niu Y, Li F. Paper-Based Electrochemical Biosensors for Point-of-Care Testing of Neurotransmitters. JOURNAL OF ANALYSIS AND TESTING 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s41664-019-00085-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
|
28
|
de Oliveira TR, Fonseca WT, de Oliveira Setti G, Faria RC. Fast and flexible strategy to produce electrochemical paper-based analytical devices using a craft cutter printer to create wax barrier and screen-printed electrodes. Talanta 2018; 195:480-489. [PMID: 30625573 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2018.11.047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2018] [Revised: 11/13/2018] [Accepted: 11/15/2018] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This paper describes a simple, low-cost, and highly flexible rapid prototyping method to construct electrochemical paper-based analytical device (ePAD) for multiplexed analyte determinations. The ePAD was composed of two electrochemical cell (EC) compartments, separated by hydrophobic barriers of wax, and screen-printed electrodes (SPEs) deposited directly over the surface of the filter paper. The ePAD was entirely constructed using an inexpensive craft cutter printer with no needed of a wax printer. The rapid prototyping method involves two steps: the deposition of the SPEs and the creation of the wax barriers. In this case, the SPEs were screen-printed on filter paper by using adhesive tape as mask by cutting the electrodes pattern with the cutter printer. Following, the wax barriers were created using stamps made of filter paper also cut with the printer and impregnated with wax. In the ePAD, each ECs containing an array of 4-working electrodes, allowing up to 4 replicates in a single measurement. Both ECs shared one counter and one reference electrodes, permitting the simultaneous multianalysis. The ePAD was successfully applied to simultaneous detection of paracetamol (PAR), caffeine (CAF), and ascorbic acid (AA) in drugs. PAR and CAF were detected in a sample using one EC and AA was detected, in a different sample, on the other EC, both with no chemical modifications in the working electrodes. Limits of detection of 0.04 mmol L-1 for PAR, 0.22 mmol L-1 for CAF, and 0.40 mmol L-1 for AA were obtained. The construction process proposed provide an easy way to implement screen-printing electrodes and wax barriers in filter paper to create electrochemical devices for fast and simultaneous multianalysis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tássia Regina de Oliveira
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Wilson Tiago Fonseca
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Grazielle de Oliveira Setti
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| | - Ronaldo Censi Faria
- Department of Chemistry, Federal University of São Carlos, Rod. Washington Luís km 235 - SP-310, São Carlos, SP 13565-905, Brazil.
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Beh KK, Manaf AA, Beh KP, Yam FK, Oo CW, Sawada K. In-house Fabrication of Heavy Metal Ion Detection Sensor using Graphitic Materials. 2018 IEEE STUDENT CONFERENCE ON RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT (SCORED) 2018. [DOI: 10.1109/scored.2018.8710962] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 09/02/2023]
|
30
|
Fu LM, Wang YN. Detection methods and applications of microfluidic paper-based analytical devices. Trends Analyt Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.trac.2018.08.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 154] [Impact Index Per Article: 25.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
|