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Yan W, Xing Q, Ren J, Feng H, Yu J, Liu H, Chen W, Wang K, Chen Y. Enhanced Activity of Small Pt Nanoparticles Decorated with High-Loading Single Fe─N 4 for Methanol Oxidation and Oxygen Reduction via the Assistive Active Sites Strategy. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2024; 20:e2308473. [PMID: 37972267 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202308473] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/23/2023] [Revised: 10/29/2023] [Indexed: 11/19/2023]
Abstract
Decorating platinum (Pt) with a single atom offers a promising approach to tailoring their catalytic activity. In this study, for the first time, an innovative assistive active sites (AAS) strategy is proposed to construct high-loading (3.46wt.%) single Fe─N4 as AAS, which are further hybridized with small Pt nanoparticles to enhance both oxygen reduction reaction (ORR) and methanol oxidation reaction (MOR) activities. For ORR, the target catalyst (Pt/HFeSA-HCS) exhibits a higher mass activity (MA) of 0.98 A mgPt -1 and specific activity (SA) of 1.39 mA cmPt -2 at 0.90 V versus RHE. As for MOR, Pt/HFeSA-HCS shows exceptional MA (3.21 A mgPt -1) and SA (4.27 mA cmPt -2) at peak values, surpassing commercial Pt/C by 15.3 and 11.5 times, respectively. The underlying mechanism behind this AAS strategy is to find that in MOR, Fe─N4 promotes water dissociation, generating more *OH to accelerate the conversion of *CO to CO2. Meanwhile, in ORR, Fe─N4 acts as a competitor to adsorb *OH, weakening Pt─OH bonding and facilitating desorption of *OH on the Pt surface. Constructing AAS that can enhance dual functionality simultaneously can be seen as a successful "kill two birds with one stone" strategy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Qianli Xing
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Jianwei Ren
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Jinshi Yu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Hao Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Wenmiao Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Kang Wang
- Department of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, University of Science and Technology Beijing, Beijing, 100083, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao, 266580, P. R. China
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Cui X, Wu M, Liu X, He B, Zhu Y, Jiang Y, Yang Y. Engineering organic polymers as emerging sustainable materials for powerful electrocatalysts. Chem Soc Rev 2024; 53:1447-1494. [PMID: 38164808 DOI: 10.1039/d3cs00727h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
Cost-effective and high-efficiency catalysts play a central role in various sustainable electrochemical energy conversion technologies that are being developed to generate clean energy while reducing carbon emissions, such as fuel cells, metal-air batteries, water electrolyzers, and carbon dioxide conversion. In this context, a recent climax in the exploitation of advanced earth-abundant catalysts has been witnessed for diverse electrochemical reactions involved in the above mentioned sustainable pathways. In particular, polymer catalysts have garnered considerable interest and achieved substantial progress very recently, mainly owing to their pyrolysis-free synthesis, highly tunable molecular composition and microarchitecture, readily adjustable electrical conductivity, and high stability. In this review, we present a timely and comprehensive overview of the latest advances in organic polymers as emerging materials for powerful electrocatalysts. First, we present the general principles for the design of polymer catalysts in terms of catalytic activity, electrical conductivity, mass transfer, and stability. Then, the state-of-the-art engineering strategies to tailor the polymer catalysts at both molecular (i.e., heteroatom and metal atom engineering) and macromolecular (i.e., chain, topology, and composition engineering) levels are introduced. Particular attention is paid to the insightful understanding of structure-performance correlations and electrocatalytic mechanisms. The fundamentals behind these critical electrochemical reactions, including the oxygen reduction reaction, hydrogen evolution reaction, CO2 reduction reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, and hydrogen oxidation reaction, as well as breakthroughs in polymer catalysts, are outlined as well. Finally, we further discuss the current challenges and suggest new opportunities for the rational design of advanced polymer catalysts. By presenting the progress, engineering strategies, insightful understandings, challenges, and perspectives, we hope this review can provide valuable guidelines for the future development of polymer catalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xun Cui
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Mingjie Wu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Xueqin Liu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Bing He
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Yunhai Zhu
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Yalong Jiang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
| | - Yingkui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of New Textile Materials and Advanced Processing Technologies, Wuhan Textile University, Wuhan 430200, China.
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Chen Z, Cao S, Li J, Yang C, Wei S, Liu S, Wang Z, Lu X. N,S coordination in Ni single-atom catalyst promoting CO 2RR towards HCOOH. Phys Chem Chem Phys 2023; 25:29951-29959. [PMID: 37902067 DOI: 10.1039/d3cp03722c] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/31/2023]
Abstract
Carbon-based single atom catalysts (SACs) are attracting extensive attention in the CO2 reduction reaction (CO2RR) due to their maximal atomic utilization, easily regulated active center and high catalytic activity, in which the coordination environment plays a crucial role in the intrinsic catalytic activity. Taking NiN4 as an example, this study reveals that the introduction of different numbers of S atoms into N coordination (Ni-NxS4-x (x = 1-4)) results in outstanding structural stability and catalytic activity. Owing to the additional orbitals around -1.60 eV and abundant Ni dxz, dyz, dx2, and dz2 orbital occupation after S substitution, N,S coordination can effectively facilitate the protonation of adsorbed intermediates and thus accelerate the overall CO2RR. The CO2RR mechanisms for CO and HCOOH generation via two-electron pathways are systematically elucidated on NiN4, NiN3S1 and NiN2S2. NiN2S2 yields HCOOH as the most favorable product with a limiting potential of -0.24 V, surpassing NiN4 (-1.14 V) and NiN3S1 (-0.50 V), which indicates that the different S-atom substitution of NiN4 has considerable influence on the CO2RR performance. This work highlights NiN2S2 as a high-performance CO2RR catalyst to produce HCOOH, and demonstrates that N,S coordination is an effective strategy to regulate the performance of atomically dispersed electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zengxuan Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China.
| | - Shoufu Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China.
| | - Jiao Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China.
| | - Chunyu Yang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China.
| | - Shuxian Wei
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China.
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China.
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong 266580, P. R. China.
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Yan W, Xing Q, Guo O, Feng H, Liu H, Deshlahra P, Li X, Chen Y. A Combination of "Push Effect" Strategy with "Triple-Phase-Boundary Engineering" on Iron Porphyrin-Based MOFs: Enhanced Selectivity and Activity for Oxygen Reduction. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2022; 14:50751-50761. [PMID: 36322477 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.2c12074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Herein, the "push effect" strategy combined with "triple-phase-boundary" (TPB) engineering was innovatively employed to target the single Fe-N4 sites in an iron porphyrin-based metal-organic framework, with axially coordinated 4-octylpyridine groups on Fe-N4 (named as PCN-224 (Fe)-1). The amphiphilic 4-octylpyridine groups donate sufficient electrons toward Fe-N4 by the Fe-N(pyridine) coordination bond and simultaneously provide effective TBP reactive sites by the hydrophobic octyl terminals, resulting in enhanced ORR activity of the PCN-224 (Fe)-1 in hydrophobic octyl terminals, with an E1/2 of 0.81 V and complete 4-electron selectivity. Furthermore, TPB engineering is utilized to construct the PCN-224 (Fe)-1-based Zn-air battery with a maximum power density of 98 mW cm-2, demonstrating great practical application potential for molecule-based ORR catalysts. Meanwhile, the "push effect" mechanism on ORR is revealed by electron paramagnetic resonance, in situ UV-vis spectroelectrochemical analysis, and density functional theory.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Yan
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, P. R. China
| | - Qianli Xing
- Department of Materials Science and Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts02155, United States
| | - Ouyang Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, P. R. China
| | - Hao Feng
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, P. R. China
| | - Heyuan Liu
- College of New Energy, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, P. R. China
| | - Prashant Deshlahra
- Department of Chemical and Biological Engineering, Tufts University, Medford, Massachusetts02155, United States
| | - Xiyou Li
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, P. R. China
| | - Yanli Chen
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum (East China), Qingdao266580, P. R. China
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Lyu W, Zhu T, Wang Y, Liao Y. Tailored defects for metal-free nitrogen-doped carbons toward efficient oxygen reduction reaction using tripolycyanamide-based microporous polymer as precursor. Electrochim Acta 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.electacta.2022.141205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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6
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Barman J, Deka N, Rudra S, Dutta GK. Promising N, P Co‐doped Porous Carbon Materials as Metal‐Free Electrocatalyst for Oxygen Reduction Reaction in Alkaline Medium. ChemistrySelect 2022. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202200570] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jayshree Barman
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Meghalaya Bijni Complex, Laitumkhrah Shillong 793003 Meghalaya India
| | - Namrata Deka
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Meghalaya Bijni Complex, Laitumkhrah Shillong 793003 Meghalaya India
| | - Siddheswar Rudra
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Meghalaya Bijni Complex, Laitumkhrah Shillong 793003 Meghalaya India
| | - Gitish K. Dutta
- Department of Chemistry National Institute of Technology Meghalaya Bijni Complex, Laitumkhrah Shillong 793003 Meghalaya India
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Yang Z, Niu H, Yu F, Xie X, Qian K, Bian K, Xiang M, Dong S. Manganese and cobalt bimetallic-doped Prussian blue analogs as a bifunctional electrocatalyst for zinc-air batteries. J Colloid Interface Sci 2022; 628:588-596. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcis.2022.07.148] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2022] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
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Yuan R, Zhao L, Wei Y, Chen Y, Tang M, Xue Z, Wang A, Zhang J. Substituent effects of symmetric cobalt porphyrins using graphene oxide as substrate on catalytic oxygen reduction reactions. Colloids Surf A Physicochem Eng Asp 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.colsurfa.2022.128499] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Zhang W, Jin C, Shi Z, Zhu L, Chen L, Liu Y, Zhang H. Biobased polyporphyrin derived porous carbon electrodes for highly efficient capacitive deionization. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 291:133113. [PMID: 34856237 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2021] [Revised: 11/24/2021] [Accepted: 11/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Recently, capacitive deionization (CDI) has attracted considerable interest as a potential desalination technique for seawater. It is thus desirable to develop low-cost, sustainable, and efficient electrode materials for desalination. In this study, the polyporphyrin was prepared by a one-pot reaction from biobased furan derivative, followed by activation to manufacture nitrogen-doped polyporphyrin derived porous carbons (NPPCs) for efficient capacitive deionization. In the presence of KOH as a pore activator, NPPCs exhibited cross-linked interconnected nanosphere chain-like structures inherited from the polyporphyrin backbone with coexisting mesopores and micropores, leading to extremely high specific surface area (2979.3 m2 g-1) and large pore volume (2.22 cm3 g-1). The electrochemical measurements revealed good conductivity, outstanding stability, and extraordinary specific capacitance (328.7 F g-1) of NPPCs, which can be ascribed to rich nitrogen content (8.0 at%) and high Pyrrolic nitrogen ratio. Due to their superior hierarchical porous structure and excellent electrochemical performance, the NPPC-800 electrodes presented a high salt adsorption capacity (SAC) of 35.7 mg g-1 and outstanding cycling stability in 10 mM NaCl solution at 1.2 V during the desalination tests. This work demonstrates the utilization of biobased porous carbon material will pave a prospective way in sustainable and potential applications for CDI technique.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zhang
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Can Jin
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210042, China.
| | - Zhenyu Shi
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Monitoring and Analysis for Organic Pollutants in Surface Water, Environment Monitoring Center of Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210036, China
| | - Liang Zhu
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China.
| | - Lin Chen
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
| | - Yunlong Liu
- Institute of Chemical Industry of Forest Products, CAF, National Engineering Lab. for Biomass Chemical Utilization; Key Lab. of Biomass Energy and Material, Jiangsu Province, Nanjing, 210042, China
| | - Hao Zhang
- College of Environment, Key Laboratory of Integrated Regulation and Resources Development of Shallow Lakes, Hohai University, Nanjing, 210098, China
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Abstract
Porous organic polymers (POPs) composed of organic building units linked via covalent bonds are a class of lightweight porous network materials with high surface areas, tuneable pores, and designable components and structures. Owing to their well-preserved characteristics in terms of structure and composition, POPs applied as electrocatalysts have shown promising activity and achieved considerable advances in numerous electrocatalytic reactions, including the hydrogen evolution reaction, oxygen evolution reaction, oxygen reduction reaction, CO2 reduction reaction, N2 reduction reaction, nitrate/nitrite reduction reaction, nitrobenzene reduction reaction, hydrogen oxidation reaction, and benzyl alcohol oxidation reaction. Herein, we present a systematic overview of recent advances in the applications of POPs in these electrocatalytic reactions. The synthesis strategies, specific active sites, and catalytic mechanisms of POPs are summarized in this review. The fundamental principles of some electrocatalytic reactions are also concluded. We further discuss the current challenges of and perspectives on POPs for electrocatalytic applications. Meanwhile, the possible future directions are highlighted to afford guidelines for the development of efficient POP electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong-Hui Yang
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - You Tao
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xuesong Ding
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China.
| | - Bao-Hang Han
- CAS Key Laboratory of Nanosystem and Hierarchical Fabrication, CAS Center for Excellence in Nanoscience, National Center for Nanoscience and Technology, Beijing 100190, China. .,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Qu Y, Zhang W, Li D, Yang H, Xiao Y, Liu Y. In situ synthesis of Fe‐N co‐doped porous carbon nanospheres by extended Stӧber method for oxygen reduction in both alkaline and acidic media. ChemElectroChem 2021. [DOI: 10.1002/celc.202101464] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Yongfang Qu
- Henan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Wei Zhang
- Henan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Dahuan Li
- Henan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Hao Yang
- Henan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yahui Xiao
- Henan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering CHINA
| | - Yong Liu
- Henan University College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering Jinming Street 475004 Kaifeng CHINA
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Cao S, Wei S, Wei X, Zhou S, Chen H, Hu Y, Wang Z, Liu S, Guo W, Lu X. Can N, S Cocoordination Promote Single Atom Catalyst Performance in CO 2 RR? Fe-N 2 S 2 Porphyrin versus Fe-N 4 Porphyrin. SMALL (WEINHEIM AN DER BERGSTRASSE, GERMANY) 2021; 17:e2100949. [PMID: 34145743 DOI: 10.1002/smll.202100949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Single atom catalysts (SACs) are promising electrocatalysts for CO2 reduction reaction (CO2 RR), in which the coordination environment plays a crucial role in intrinsic catalytic activity. Taking the regular Fe porphyrin (Fe-N4 porphyrin) as a probe, the study reveals that the introduction of opposable S atoms into N coordination (Fe-N2 S2 porphyrin) allows for an appropriate electronic structural optimization on active sites. Owing to the additional orbitals around the Fermi level and the abundant Fe dz2 orbital occupation after S substitution, N, S cocoordination can effectively tune SACs and thus facilitating protonation of intermediates during CO2 RR. CO2 RR mechanisms lead to possible C1 products via two-, six-, and eight-electron pathways are systematically elucidated on Fe-N4 porphyrin and Fe-N2 S2 porphyrin. Fe-N4 porphyrin yields the most favorable product of HCOOH with a limiting potential of -0.70 V. Fe-N2 S2 porphyrin exhibits low limiting potentials of -0.38 and -0.40 V for HCOOH and CH3 OH, respectively, surpassing those of most Cu-based catalysts and SACs. Hence, the N, S cocoordination might provide better catalytic environment than regular N coordination for SACs in CO2 RR. This work demonstrates Fe-N2 S2 porphyrin as a high-performance CO2 RR catalyst, and highlights N, S cocoordination regulation as an effective approach to fine tune high atomically dispersed electrocatalysts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shoufu Cao
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Shuxian Wei
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Xiaofei Wei
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Sainan Zhou
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Hongyu Chen
- College of Science, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Yuying Hu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Zhaojie Wang
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Siyuan Liu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Wenyue Guo
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
| | - Xiaoqing Lu
- School of Materials Science and Engineering, China University of Petroleum, Qingdao, Shandong, 266580, P. R. China
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