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Miller-Roenigk B, Peteet B, McCuistian C, Burlew AK. Cultural and Psychosocial Correlates of co-use among Black-White Biracial Adults. JOURNAL OF SUBSTANCE USE AND ADDICTION TREATMENT 2023; 153:209006. [PMID: 36931606 PMCID: PMC10502184 DOI: 10.1016/j.josat.2023.209006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/07/2022] [Accepted: 02/27/2023] [Indexed: 03/17/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Biracial individuals, a subset of the fastest growing population segment in the United States, frequently experience conflict with ethnic identity, according to marginality theory. Ethnic identity is associated with perceived discrimination and self-esteem, and each of these factors is associated with alcohol and marijuana use. Some research suggests that Black-White biracial individuals have specific challenges with ethnic identity, discrimination, and self-esteem, as well as have disproportionate rates of alcohol and marijuana use separately. Co-use of these substances is linked to more risk behaviors and greater quantity/frequency of use compared to singular use of alcohol or marijuana. However, research examining these cultural and psychosocial factors as correlates of recent co-use among Black-White biracial individuals is limited. METHOD The current study examined past-year cultural (i.e., ethnic identity, perceived discrimination) and psychosocial (i.e., age, gender, self-esteem) factors associated with past 30-day co-use (i.e., alcohol, marijuana) among a sample of 195 biracial (Black-White) adults recruited and surveyed via MTurk. We analyzed data using a hierarchical logistic regression. RESULTS Results of the final step of logistic regression indicate increases in perceived discrimination were significantly associated with a 1.06 times greater likelihood in 30-day co-use (95% CI [1.002, 1.10]; p = .002). Further, co-use is more common among women than men (OR = 0.50, 95% CI [0.25, 0.98]; p = .04). CONCLUSIONS Findings indicate discrimination experienced among Black-White biracial adults is the most culturally relevant correlate of recent co-use in this study, of the factors measured given the framework. As such, substance use treatment with this population may focus on experiences of and coping with discrimination. Since women were also at greater risk for co-use, gender-specific treatments may be beneficial for this population. The article also discussed other culturally relevant treatment considerations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Brittany Miller-Roenigk
- Department of Educational, School, and Counseling Psychology, University of Kentucky, United States of America.
| | - Bridgette Peteet
- Department of Psychology, Loma Linda University, United States of America
| | - Caravella McCuistian
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, San Francisco, United States of America
| | - A Kathleen Burlew
- Department of Psychology, University of Cincinnati, United States of America
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Jones SK, Korte JE, Wilson D. Hazard of substance abuse onset among adults diagnosed with epilepsy or migraine. Epilepsy Behav 2023; 144:109258. [PMID: 37209553 DOI: 10.1016/j.yebeh.2023.109258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Revised: 04/26/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2023] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE We investigated adult-onset epilepsy as a risk factor for the development of substance use disorder (SUD) by comparing the rate of SUD diagnosis among adults diagnosed with epilepsy with presumably healthy controls with lower extremity fractures (LEF). For additional comparison, we investigated the risk for adults with migraine only. Epilepsy and migraine are both episodic neurological disorders and migraine is frequently comorbid with epilepsy. METHODS We conducted a time-to-event analysis using a subset of surveillance data of hospital admissions, emergency department visits, and outpatient visits in South Carolina, USA from January 1, 2000, through December 31, 2011. Individuals aged 18 years or older were identified using the International Classification of Disease, 9thRevision Clinical Modification (ICD-9) with a diagnosis of epilepsy (n = 78,547; 52.7% female, mean age 51.3 years), migraine (n = 121,155; 81.5% female, mean age 40.0 years), or LEF (n = 73,911; 55.4% female, mean age 48.7 years). Individuals with SUD diagnosis following epilepsy, migraine, or LEF were identified with ICD-9 codes. We used Cox proportional hazards regression to model the time to SUD diagnosis comparing adults diagnosed with epilepsy, migraine, and LEF, adjusting for insurance payer, age, sex, race/ethnicity, and prior mental health comorbidities. RESULTS Compared to LEF controls, adults with epilepsy were diagnosed with SUD at 2.5 times the rate [HR 2.48 (2.37, 2.60)] and adults with migraine only were diagnosed with SUD at 1.12 times the rate [HR 1.12 (1.06, 1.18)]. We found an interaction between disease diagnosis and insurance payer, with hazard ratios comparing epilepsy to LEF of 4.59, 3.48, 1.97, and 1.44 within the commercial payer, uninsured, Medicaid, and Medicare strata, respectively. SIGNIFICANCE Compared to presumably healthy controls, adults with epilepsy had a substantially higher hazard of SUD, while adults with migraine only showed a small, but significant, increased hazard of SUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stephanie K Jones
- Department of Public Health, Baylor University, Waco, TX 76798, USA.
| | - Jeffrey E Korte
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. SC 29425, USA.
| | - Dulaney Wilson
- Department of Public Health Sciences, Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston. SC 29425, USA.
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Strika-Bruneau L, Fauvel B, Dupuis D, Benyamina A. Articulation de la thérapie d’acceptation et d’engagement à la psychothérapie assistée par psychédéliques en addictologie. L'ÉVOLUTION PSYCHIATRIQUE 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2023.01.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
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A Bridge of Distress: Distress as the Critical Mediator Between Substance Use Disorders and Compulsive Sexual Behavior Disorder Among Women. Int J Ment Health Addict 2022. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-022-00964-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
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Do Social Support, Self-Efficacy, Emotional Quality of Life, and Sociodemographic Factors Associate With Substance Use? J Addict Nurs 2022; 33:172-181. [DOI: 10.1097/jan.0000000000000481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Belau MH, Wiessner C, Becher H, von Rüden U, Briken P. Frequent Cannabis Use Moderates the Relationship Between Sexual Dysfunction and Depression Among Female German Adults. J Sex Med 2022; 19:940-949. [PMID: 35431149 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsxm.2022.03.610] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2021] [Revised: 03/14/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sexual dysfunction and heavy substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) play an important role in the development of depression, while frequent substance use affects sexual dysfunction. AIM This study aimed to investigate the association between sexual dysfunction and depression among German adults in a nationally representative sample and the effect of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis use on this association using moderator analysis. METHODS Data come from the German Health and Sexuality Survey (GeSiD) with N = 4,955 men and women aged between 18 and 75 years. We used multiple logistic regression analysis to examine the moderation effect of substance use between sexual dysfunction and depression by including an interaction term. OUTCOMES Self-reported diagnosed and treated depression within the last 12 months and the moderation effect of substance use on the association between sexual dysfunction and depression. RESULTS Men and women with at least 1 sexual dysfunction were more likely to be affected by depression as compared to those without sexual dysfunction. A moderation effect of frequent cannabis use was found between sexual dysfunction and depression among women. CLINICAL IMPLICATIONS Clinicians and therapists addressing addiction, depression, and dysfunction should keep the complex interactions in mind. STRENGTHS & LIMITATIONS This study provides new data on the association between sexual dysfunction and depression among German adults in a nationally representative sample and the moderation effect of substance use on this association. Further studies should disentangle the pathways between sexual dysfunction, cannabis use, and depression through moderated mediation analyses. CONCLUSION Frequent cannabis use plays a moderating role in the association between sexual dysfunction and depression among German adult women. Belau MH, Wiessner C, Becher H, et al. Frequent Cannabis use Moderates the Relationship between Sexual Dysfunction and Depression Among Female German Adults. J Sex Med 2022;19:940-949.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthias Hans Belau
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany.
| | - Christian Wiessner
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany; University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Heiko Becher
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Medical Biometry and Epidemiology, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Ursula von Rüden
- Federal Centre for Health Education, Evaluation, Methods, Research Data, Cologne, Germany
| | - Peer Briken
- University Medical Centre Hamburg-Eppendorf, Institute of Sex Research, Sexual Medicine, and Forensic Psychiatry, Hamburg, Germany
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Gulliver TL, Fowler K. Exploring Social Context and Psychological Distress in Adult Canadians with Cannabis Use Disorder: To What Extent Do Social Isolation and Negative Relationships Predict Mental Health? Psychiatr Q 2022; 93:311-323. [PMID: 34581935 PMCID: PMC8476973 DOI: 10.1007/s11126-021-09950-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/11/2021] [Indexed: 02/02/2023]
Abstract
The objectives of this study were to explore perceived social support, negative social interactions, and psychological distress in Canadian adults who experience lifetime abuse, or dependence on cannabis (ADC), and to determine whether, and the extent to which variables of interest predict psychological distress. Data were extracted from a cross-sectional, national datafile representing a sample of 1503 individuals who met the criteria for a lifetime prevalence of ADC. Levels of perceived overall social support, and several subtypes were measured using the Social Provisions Scale (SPS), negative social interactions were assessed using the Negative Social Interaction (NSI) scale, and psychological distress was examined using the Kessler Psychological Distress Scale (K10). It was observed that Canadians with ADC had significantly lower SPS scores (overall, and by subtype) and significantly higher NSI and K10 scores compared with the overall Canadian adult sample. An exploratory stepwise regression revealed that NCI scores were the most significant, positive predictor of psychological distress, which alone accounted for 20 percent of the variance, followed by reassurance of worth, attachment, and social integration which were inversely related to psychological distress. With the recent legalization of cannabis in Canada, the results of this study suggest that abuse may strongly link with negative social consequences that might serve to exacerbate psychological distress. As such, it might be beneficial to clearly understand one's social context when considering medicinal purposes of cannabis for mental health symptom management. Further, the findings also suggest that patients with cannabis addiction will likely benefit from receiving particular forms of social support. Limitations of this study and future research are considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tracy L Gulliver
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3V6, Canada.
| | - Ken Fowler
- Department of Psychology, Memorial University of Newfoundland, St. John's, NL, A1B 3X9, Canada
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Akbari M, Bahadori MH, Mohammadkhani S, Kolubinski DC, Nikčević AV, Spada MM. A discriminant analysis model of psychosocial predictors of problematic Internet use and cannabis use disorder in university students. Addict Behav Rep 2021; 14:100354. [PMID: 34141856 PMCID: PMC8186557 DOI: 10.1016/j.abrep.2021.100354] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2021] [Revised: 05/08/2021] [Accepted: 05/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Researchers have found similarities and differences between behavioral and drug addictions. The present study was designed to explore which of a series of psychosocial predictors of addictive behaviors could differentiate problematic Internet use (PIU) and Cannabis Use Disorder (CUD) in a sample of University students. A total of 144 participants (76 males, mean age = 23.03 years ± 2.83) were separated into three groups: those presenting with PIU (18 females, Mean age = 22.27 years), those presenting with CUD (22 female, Mean age = 22.73 years), and a control group (28 female, Mean age = 24.04 years). Participants completed the Internet Abusive Use Questionnaire (IAUQ), the Severity of Dependence Scale (SDS), the Multidimensional Scale of Perceived Social Support (MSPSS), the Barratt Impulsiveness Scale-11 (BIS-11), the Multidimensional Distress Tolerance Scale (MDTS), the Emotion Regulation Questionnaire (ERQ), the Metacognitions Questionnaire-30 (MCQ-30), and the Repetitive Thinking Questionnaire-10 (RTQ-10). The classification analysis results showed that 68.8% of the control group, 70.8% of the PIU group, and 81.3% of the CUD group were correctly classified in their respective groups. In addition, the results of the discriminant function analysis showed that there was a significant difference between members of the PIU and CUD groups in the degree of family support (0.45), significant other (0.33), tolerance of physical discomfort (0.30), reappraisal (0.42), and cognitive confidence (0.35). The findings provide evidence that specific psychosocial predictors can discriminate PIU from CUD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehdi Akbari
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education,
Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hossein Bahadori
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education,
Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shahram Mohammadkhani
- Department of Clinical Psychology, Faculty of Psychology and Education,
Kharazmi University, Tehran, Iran
| | - Daniel C. Kolubinski
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank
University, London, UK
| | - Ana V. Nikčević
- Department of Psychology, School of Law, Social and Behavioural Sciences,
Kingston University, Kingston-upon- Thames, UK
| | - Marcantonio M. Spada
- Division of Psychology, School of Applied Sciences, London South Bank
University, London, UK
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Gliksberg O, Livne O, Lev-Ran S, Rehm J, Hasson-Ohayon I, Feingold D. The Association Between Cannabis Use and Perceived Social Support: the Mediating Role of Decreased Social Network. Int J Ment Health Addict 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s11469-021-00549-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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10
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Grégoire S, Lamore K, Laurence V, Silva Moura D, Marec-Berard P, Leprince T, Corradini N, Blin N, Chauvet S, Seigneur E, Flahault C. Coping Strategies and Factors Related to Problematic Substance Use and Behavioral Addictions Among Adolescents and Young Adults with Cancer. J Adolesc Young Adult Oncol 2020; 9:639-650. [PMID: 32255742 DOI: 10.1089/jayao.2019.0171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: This study aimed to explore and identify the factors associated with problematic substance use (alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis) and behavioral addictions (internet and eating disorders) over time in adolescents and young adults (AYAs) treated for cancer. Methods: AYAs newly diagnosed with cancer, 15-25 years of age, completed a questionnaire during their hospitalization (T1), assessing their consumption of alcohol, tobacco, and cannabis (The Alcohol Use Disorders Identification Test; The Smoking Behavior Questionnaire; and The Cannabis Abuse Screening Test), their internet use (The Internet Addiction Test), their body preoccupations (The Eating Attitudes Test), as well as their coping strategies (Brief COPE) and emotional adjustment (The Hospital Anxiety and Depression Scale). Questionnaires were completed again 6 months later (T2). Results: Seventy-three AYAs were included at T1 and 21 AYAs at T2. Nearly one out of two (46.58%) AYAs had a problematic substance use or behavioral addiction after cancer diagnosis (T1). Problematic use of internet was frequently reported (23.29%), as well as harmful alcohol consumption or addiction (16.44%) and cannabis dependence (12.33%). The main factor related to problematic substance use was being older, while the main factor related to behavioral addiction was having a higher anxiety score. Substance use as a coping strategy was used more frequently by AYAs with problematic substance use and emotional support as a coping strategy was used more frequently by AYAs with a behavioral addiction. Conclusions: High rates of problematic substance use and behavioral addiction were reported in our sample. AYAs surveyed had high problematic use of cannabis and high internet use. Attention to substance use and addictive behaviors is recommended to ensure optimal care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Solène Grégoire
- Université de Paris, LPPS, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.,Psycho-Oncology Unit, Supportive Care Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Valérie Laurence
- Adolescents and Young Adults Unit, Medical Oncology and Pediatric-Adolescents Young Adults Departments, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | | | - Perrine Marec-Berard
- Pediatric-Adolescents Young Adults Departments, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Tanguy Leprince
- Institut d'Hématologie et d'Oncologie Pédiatrique, Lyon, France
| | - Nadège Corradini
- Pediatric-Adolescents Young Adults Departments, Centre Léon Bérard, Lyon, France
| | - Nicolas Blin
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Sophie Chauvet
- Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Nantes, Nantes, France
| | - Etienne Seigneur
- Adolescents and Young Adults Unit, Medical Oncology and Pediatric-Adolescents Young Adults Departments, Institut Curie, Paris, France
| | - Cécile Flahault
- Université de Paris, LPPS, Boulogne-Billancourt, France.,Psycho-Oncology Unit, Supportive Care Department, Institut Curie, Paris, France
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Moulier V, Guinet H, Kovacevic Z, Bel-Abbass Z, Benamara Y, Zile N, Ourrad A, Arcella-Giraux P, Meunier E, Thomas F, Januel D. Effects of a life-skills-based prevention program on self-esteem and risk behaviors in adolescents: a pilot study. BMC Psychol 2019; 7:82. [PMID: 31847888 PMCID: PMC6918616 DOI: 10.1186/s40359-019-0358-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/29/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Risk behaviors among young people are a major social and public health issue. This study aims to assess the impact of a life-skills-based prevention program (called Mission Papillagou) on self-esteem, well-being, and risk behaviors among adolescents. METHOD In a two-arm controlled study involving 520 school pupils aged between 10 and 15 years old, participants taking part in the prevention program (the Papillagou group) were compared to pupils who did not take part (the control group). Two assessment sessions were performed, one at baseline, and one after either the Mission Papillagou program (Papillagou group) or usual lessons (control group). Participants self-reported on their self-esteem, well-being, behaviors, interests and opinions. RESULTS The Mission Papillagou program significantly improved Self-Esteem scores (ηρ2 = .035). Well-being (Cramér's V = .14) and mood ("feeling of depression": Cramér's V = .503; "feeling hopelessness about the future": Cramér's V = .357; "waking up at night": Cramér's V = .343) also improved in the Papillagou group compared to the control group. Regarding risk behaviors, the prevention program produced a decrease in the frequency of insults (Cramér's V = .267) and rumor-spreading (Cramér's V = .440), and a change of opinion toward the possibility of smoking an electronic cigarette in the future (Cramér's V = .372). CONCLUSION This study suggests that life-skills-based risk prevention programs are effective.
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Affiliation(s)
- Virginie Moulier
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville Evrard, Neuilly-sur-Marne, France. .,Service hospitalo-universitaire de psychiatrie adulte, CH du Rouvray, Sotteville-lès-Rouen, France.
| | - Hélène Guinet
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville Evrard, Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
| | | | | | | | | | - Arezki Ourrad
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville Evrard, Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
| | - Pilar Arcella-Giraux
- Agence Régionale de Santé (ARS), Délégation Départementale de Seine-Saint-Denis, Bobigny, France
| | - Emmanuel Meunier
- Mission Métropolitaine de Prévention des conduites à risque, Pantin, France
| | - Fanny Thomas
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville Evrard, Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
| | - Dominique Januel
- Unité de Recherche Clinique, EPS Ville Evrard, Neuilly-sur-Marne, France
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The latent structure of depression symptoms and suicidal thoughts in Brazilian youths. J Affect Disord 2019; 254:90-97. [PMID: 31112843 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.05.024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2018] [Revised: 05/03/2019] [Accepted: 05/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Many studies have investigated the existence of discrete groups comprising the clinical concept of depression. Nevertheless, identifying true latent depression groups might require the inclusion of indicators of severe manifestations of depression, such as suicidal thoughts, in the analysis. Another issue is that relatively few studies have addressed the latent structure of depression in children and adolescents from Latin American cultures. METHODS In the present study, we combined latent profile and taxometric analysis to investigate the latent structure underlying depression symptoms (negative emotionality and low positive emotionality indicators) and suicidal thoughts in four aggregated Brazilian youth samples (total N = 2587; mean age = 12.86 years; SD = 2.60; 50.8% females). RESULTS Latent profile analysis indicated five classes that clearly represented distinct levels on a continuum of depression. However, taxometric results were ambiguous with regard to highlighting depression as a purely dimensional or categorical latent entity (mean CCFI = 0.497). LIMITATIONS The use of few indicators from a single instrument, the potential heterogeneity in the clinical group, and the non-random nature of the samples included in the study. CONCLUSION The mixed findings support the existence of a dimension of depression, as well as latent classes of individuals. Factor mixture models are discussed as a strategy for further exploring the nature of depression among young people.
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Juibari TA, Behrouz B, Attaie M, Farnia V, Golshani S, Moradi M, Alikhani M. Characteristics and Correlates of Psychiatric Problems in Wives of Men with Substance-related Disorders, Kermanshah, Iran. Oman Med J 2018; 33:512-519. [PMID: 30410694 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2018.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives We sought to evaluate the characteristics and correlates of psychiatric problems in the wives of men with substance-related disorders. Methods Four-hundred and fifty women whose husbands had substance-related disorders were selected by purposive sampling for inclusion in the study. Results The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms in our sample was 67.1% (n = 302). Depression was the most prevalent symptom
(n = 63) and the least was psychosis (n = 5). The prevalence of psychiatric symptoms was highest (26.0%) among women with opiate-dependent spouses (n = 117), and those with hallucinogen-dependent spouses had the lowest prevalence (4.2%). We found a significant relationship between the prevalence of psychiatric disorders and demographic factors including age, women's education, spouse's education, women's job, duration of marriage, number of children, monthly income, and history of psychiatric disorders with the exception of spouses' jobs. Conclusions There is a high prevalence of psychiatric symptoms among the wives of men with substance-related disorders and there is need to devise mechanism to reduce the high prevalence of psychiatric disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toraj Ahmadi Juibari
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Behrouz Behrouz
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mari Attaie
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Vahid Farnia
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Sanobar Golshani
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Masuod Moradi
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
| | - Mostafa Alikhani
- Substance Abuse Prevention Research Center, Kermanshah University of Medical Sciences, Kermanshah, Iran
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Venete A, Trillo-Lumbreras E, Prado-Gascó VJ, Bellot-Arcís C, Almerich-Silla JM, Montiel-Company JM. Relationship between the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics and perfectionism and self-esteem. J Clin Exp Dent 2017; 9:e1453-e1458. [PMID: 29410762 PMCID: PMC5794124 DOI: 10.4317/jced.54481] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Awareness of the influence of personality traits such as self-esteem and perfectionism on the aesthetic self-image can help clinicians to improve their patients’ satisfaction and quality of life. The main objective of this study was to examine the relationship between self-esteem, perfectionism and the psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics, and their association with gender. Material and Methods A descriptive-analytical cross-sectional study was conducted in a sample of 301 students of the Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry of the University of Valencia, aged between 18 and 30 years. Each participant was asked to complete a survey comprising three questionnaires: PIDAQ (Psychosocial Impact of Dental Aesthetics Questionnaire), MPS (Multidimensional Perfectionism Scale) and RSS (Rosenberg Self-esteem Scale). The response rate was 79%. Results The mean age was 20.8 years; 226 were women (75 %) and 75 were men (25 %). A negative correlation (Pearson = -0.387) was found between the total PIDAQ score and self-esteem. The correlation with perfectionism was found to be positive (Pearson = 0.281). On comparing the questionnaire and subscale scores by gender, the only statistically significant differences were in perfectionism (men 97.4, women 89.1) and self-confidence (men 22.1, women 23.5). Conclusions The students most affected by poor dental aesthetics had lower self-esteem and higher levels of perfectionism. The men presented higher levels of perfectionism than the women, while the latter displayed greater self-confidence in their dental aesthetics. Clinicians should pay greater attention to these traits and to their implications for treating these patients. Key words:Psychosocial impact of dental aesthetics questionnaire, multidimensional perfectionism scale, rosenberg self-esteem scale, students.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alina Venete
- Grado en odontología [equivalent to BSc Dentistry], University of Valencia
| | | | | | - Carlos Bellot-Arcís
- Post-Doctoral Teaching Assistant, Department of Stomatology, Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Valencia
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Dorard G, Bungener C, Phan O, Edel Y, Corcos M, Berthoz S. Is alexithymia related to cannabis use disorder? Results from a case-control study in outpatient adolescent cannabis abusers. J Psychosom Res 2017; 95:74-80. [PMID: 28314553 DOI: 10.1016/j.jpsychores.2017.02.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Revised: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 02/22/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In recent decades, alexithymia has been considered a risk factor for multiple somatic and psychiatric conditions. Yet, whereas alexithymia has been extensively studied in adults with a substance misuse, only one study has reported data on cannabis abusers from the general population. Hence, our main objective was to explore alexithymia in a clinical sample of treatment-seeking young outpatients with a DSM-IV cannabis dependence or abuse diagnosis compared to controls. METHODS 120 young patients (95 males - mean age 17.9years (SD=2.8; 14 to 25)) with a cannabis dependence or abuse (DSM-IV-TR criteria evaluated with the MINI), seeking treatment in an addiction unit, and 110 healthy control subjects (77 males - mean age 18.2years (SD=3.4; 14 to 25)) participated in the study. They completed a battery of self-reports measuring alexithymia (TAS-20; BVAQ-B), depression (BDI-13) and state and trait anxiety (STAI). RESULTS 35.3% of cannabis users were alexithymic, and logistic regression analysis showed that the alexithymic components of difficulties identifying and describing feelings combined with trait anxiety predicted group membership. CONCLUSION This first study on young cannabis abusers and dependent subjects further emphasizes the importance of considering the affective style, and particularly the anxious temperament and alexithymia features, as factors associated with substance misuse during late adolescence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Géraldine Dorard
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé EA 4057, Institut Universitaire Paris Descartes de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 71 avenue Édouard Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - Catherine Bungener
- Laboratoire de Psychopathologie et Processus de Santé EA 4057, Institut Universitaire Paris Descartes de Psychologie, Université Paris Descartes, Sorbonne Paris Cité, 71 avenue Édouard Vaillant, 92100 Boulogne-Billancourt, France.
| | - Olivier Phan
- Clinique Dupré, FSEF, 30 avenue Franklin Roosevelt, BP 101, 92333 Sceaux cedex, France; CJC Pierre Nicole, Croix-Rouge Française, 27 rue Pierre Nicole, 75005 Paris, France; CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Cochin-Maison des Adolescents, 97 Boulevard Port Royal, 75014 Paris, France..
| | - Yves Edel
- Equipe d'addictologie hospitalière de liaison et de soins (ELSA), Hôpital de la Pitié-Salpêtrière, 47-83 boulevard de l'Hôpital, 75013 Paris, France.
| | - Maurice Corcos
- Département de psychiatrie de l'adolescent et du jeune adulte, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Bd Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France.
| | - Sylvie Berthoz
- CESP, Université Paris-Sud, Cochin-Maison des Adolescents, 97 Boulevard Port Royal, 75014 Paris, France.; Département de psychiatrie de l'adolescent et du jeune adulte, Institut Mutualiste Montsouris, 42 Bd Jourdan, 75014 Paris, France.
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Ndjukendi A, Okitundu D, N'situ A, Mpaka D, Lukeba T, Ngoma V, Moro MR, Falissard B. Adolescents en situation difficile à Kinshasa : quelles stratégies d’adaptation ? EVOLUTION PSYCHIATRIQUE 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.evopsy.2015.12.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Problematic Exercise in Anorexia Nervosa: Testing Potential Risk Factors against Different Definitions. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0143352. [PMID: 26618359 PMCID: PMC4664470 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0143352] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 11/03/2015] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
“Hyperactivity” has a wide prevalence range of 31% to 80% in the anorexia nervosa literature that could be partly due to the plethora of definitions provided by researchers in this field. The purpose of this study was two-fold: 1) To assess the variance across prevalence rates of problematic exercise encountered in patients with anorexia nervosa, in relation to seven different definitions found in the literature. 2) To examine how core eating disorder symptoms and the dimensions of emotional profile are associated with these different definitions and the impact of these definitions on the assessment of patients’ quality of life. Exercise was evaluated in terms of duration, intensity, type and compulsion using a semi-structured questionnaire administered to 180 women suffering from severe anorexia nervosa. Seven different definitions of problematic exercise were identified in the literature: three entailing a single dimension of problematic exercise (duration, compulsion or intensity) and four combining these different dimensions. Emotional profile scores, obsessive-compulsive symptoms, eating disorder symptomatology, worries and concerns about body shape, self-esteem and quality of life were assessed using several established questionnaires. The prevalence of problematic exercise varied considerably from, 5% to 54%, depending on the number of criteria used for its definition. The type and level of eating disorder symptomatology was found to be associated with several definitions of problematic exercise. Surprisingly, a better self-reported quality of life was found among problematic exercisers compared to non-problematic exercisers in three of the definitions. The different definitions of problematic exercise explain the broad prevalence ranges and the conflicting associations generally reported in the literature between problematic exercise and eating disorder-related psychological parameters. There is an urgent need for a valid consensus on the definition of problematic exercise in anorexia nervosa. This will support the development of further research on the etiology and treatment of problematic exercise.
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