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Sánchez-Recio R, Samper-Pardo M, Llopis-Lambán R, Oliván-Blázquez B, Cerdan-Bernad M, Magallón-Botaya R. Self-rated health impact of COVID 19 confinement on inmates in Southeastern of Europe: a qualitative study. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:2183. [PMID: 37936162 PMCID: PMC10631134 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-17088-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 10/27/2023] [Indexed: 11/09/2023] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The COVID-19 pandemic necessitated the implementation of various measures within closed institutions like prisons to control the spread of the virus. Analyzing the impact of these measures on the health of inmates is crucial from a public health perspective. This study aimed to explore inmates' subjective perception of the COVID-19 lockdown, the implemented measures, their physical self-perception, and their views on the vaccination process. METHOD Between April 2021 and January 2022, 27 semi-structured individual interviews and 1 focus group were conducted with inmates in a prison located in northwest Spain. The interviews were conducted in person and audio-recorded. Thematic content analysis was employed, utilizing methodological triangulation to enhance the coherence and rigor of the results. RESULTS The analysis revealed two main themes and nine subthemes. The first theme focused on inmates' perception of the implementation of protective measures against COVID-19 within the prison and its impact on their well-being. The second theme explored the pandemic's emotional impact on inmates. All participants reported negative consequences on their health resulting from the measures implemented by the institution to contain the pandemic. However, they acknowledged that measures like lockdowns and mass vaccination helped mitigate the spread of the virus within the prison, contrary to initial expectations. CONCLUSION COVID-19 and related measures have directly affected the health of inmates. To improve their health and minimize the impact of pandemic-induced changes, community participation and empowerment of individuals are essential tools, particularly within closed institutions such as prisons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel Sánchez-Recio
- Research Group on Health Services in Aragon (GRISSA), Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health, Faculty of Social and Labor Sciences, University of Zaragoza, C/ Violante de Hungría (23), Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Institute for Health Research in Aragon (IIS Aragón), C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Zaragoza Penitentiary Center, Autovía A-23, Km, 328, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Mario Samper-Pardo
- Department of medicine, Facultad de Medicina Edificio A, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 5009, Spain
| | | | - Bárbara Oliván-Blázquez
- Institute for Health Research in Aragon (IIS Aragón), C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain.
- Department of Psychology and Sociology, University of Zaragoza, Calle de Violante de Hungría, 23, Zaragoza, 2009, Spain.
| | | | - Rosa Magallón-Botaya
- Institute for Health Research in Aragon (IIS Aragón), C. de San Juan Bosco, 13, Zaragoza, 50009, Spain
- Department of medicine, Facultad de Medicina Edificio A, University of Zaragoza, Zaragoza, 5009, Spain
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Ruiz-Fernández MD, Gámez-Vargas I, Ventura-Miranda MI, Dobarrio-Sanz I, Jiménez-Lasserrotte MDM, Ortega-Galán ÁM. Learning Experiences of Future Healthcare Support Workers Enrolled in a Dual Mode Vocational Training Programme. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:2678. [PMID: 37830714 PMCID: PMC10572389 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11192678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2023] [Revised: 09/19/2023] [Accepted: 10/01/2023] [Indexed: 10/14/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND With life expectancy increasing, there is a growing need to train healthcare support workers who provide care for dependent people in healthcare centres and at home. This qualitative study, based on Gadamer's hermeneutic philosophy, aimed to understand the learning experiences of future healthcare support workers currently enrolled in an intermediate, dual modality vocational training programme with regard to caring for dependent people. METHODS Convenience sampling was used to recruit the participants, who were all students enrolled in an intermediate level vocational training programme in care for dependent people. Fourteen in-depth interviews and one focus group session were conducted with the students. Atlas.ti 8.0 software was used to analyse the participants' accounts. RESULTS The students highlighted the vocational nature of their studies and the need to feel competent and useful as a healthcare support worker for dependent people. Practice-based learning and the need for training in core competences are complementary and essential elements of the training process. CONCLUSIONS The participants' previous experiences were key in determining their academic trajectory and reflect their motivation and interest to learn. However, they feel vulnerable, unprotected, and lack training in psychosocial skills. Educational institutions should focus training programmes on the practice and development of psychosocial skills that motivate students to acquire transversal competences.
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Affiliation(s)
- María Dolores Ruiz-Fernández
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (I.D.-S.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Autónoma de Chile, Temuco 1090, Chile
| | | | - María Isabel Ventura-Miranda
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (I.D.-S.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
| | - Iria Dobarrio-Sanz
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (I.D.-S.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
| | - María del Mar Jiménez-Lasserrotte
- Department of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Medicine, University of Almeria, 04120 Almeria, Spain; (M.D.R.-F.); (I.D.-S.); (M.d.M.J.-L.)
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López-Ruiz VR, Alfaro-Navarro JL, Huete-Alcocer N, Nevado-Peña D. Psychological and Social Vulnerability in Spaniards' Quality of Life in the Face of COVID-19: Age and Gender Results. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph191610269. [PMID: 36011905 PMCID: PMC9408594 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 08/14/2022] [Accepted: 08/15/2022] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Following the serious health situation in Spain and around the world in 2020 and 2021 stemming from COVID-19, this paper examines how the most vulnerable groups (in social and health terms) in Spanish society suffered the worst impacts on their quality of life during the pandemic. The review of the literature and publications released by the health authorities highlight the high number of cases of illness and death due to COVID-19; however, there are no studies about how it has affected aspects of citizens' daily lives, considering some of their sociodemographic characteristics such as age and gender. A key issue when measuring citizens' quality of life is that we typically see a U-shaped curve by age group, where young people register the highest shares along with the elderly; nevertheless, the pandemic has clearly brought about a change in this regard. In this study, we corroborate this finding, along with the psychological issues underlying this fact in young people and the physical ones in the elderly. To do so, we use an ANOVA and regression analysis with data from a sample of 908 Spanish citizens belonging to different age groups. These data were collected through an online survey distributed throughout Spain, mostly by email and social media, between 15 February and 15 April 2021 with a margin of error of 3.25% and a confidence level of 95%. Furthermore, the analysis allowed us to determine how aspects of daily life-family situation, living conditions, social environment, employment and financial situation-have been negatively affected during the pandemic, clearly depending on the age of the people surveyed, pushing them towards social and health vulnerability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Víctor-Raúl López-Ruiz
- Department of Spanish and International Economics, Econometrics and History and Economic Institutions, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - José Luis Alfaro-Navarro
- Department of Political Economy and Public Finance, Economic and Business Statistics and Economic Policy, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Nuria Huete-Alcocer
- Department of Spanish and International Economics, Econometrics and History and Economic Institutions, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 02071 Albacete, Spain
| | - Domingo Nevado-Peña
- Department Business Administration, University of Castilla-La Mancha, 13071 Albacete, Spain
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Bernabéu-Álvarez C, Lima-Rodríguez JS, Lima-Serrano M. Effect of support groups on caregiver's quality of life. FAMILY PROCESS 2022; 61:643-658. [PMID: 34196399 DOI: 10.1111/famp.12684] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2019] [Revised: 04/21/2021] [Accepted: 04/23/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The objective of this study was to evaluate the effect that participating in support groups for caregivers has on the quality of life and psychotropic drug use of family caregivers of adults with limitations in activities of daily living. A controlled quasi-experimental longitudinal design was used with 134 caregivers (64 in the experimental group and 70 in the control group). The outcomes were health-related quality of life (EuroQol 5D3L test) and psychotropic drug use (no/yes). The analyses were performed using SPSS and R statistical software. An interaction was observed between the condition and the level of limitations in activities of daily living of the care receiver, having an effect on the caregiver's psychotropic drug use (p = 0.003), with this use being lower among caregivers who attend support groups when their relatives present fewer limitations in activities of daily living. Moreover, the quality of life was higher in the post-test in the experimental group (B = 8.66, p = 0.015). In conclusion, support groups could improve the caregiver's quality of life and decrease psychotropic drug use when the care receiver has low limitations in activities of daily living.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marta Lima-Serrano
- Faculty of Nursing, Physiotherapy and Podiatry, University of Seville, Seville, Spain
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Fernández Fernández E, Fernández-Ordoñez E, García-Gamez M, Guerra-Marmolejo C, Iglesias-Parra R, García-Agua Soler N, González-Cano-Caballero M. Indicators and predictors modifiable by the nursing department during the preoperative period: A scoping review. J Clin Nurs 2022; 32:2339-2360. [PMID: 35293058 DOI: 10.1111/jocn.16287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2021] [Revised: 02/22/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
AIM AND OBJECTIVES The aim of this study is to identify preoperative indicators and/or predictors of complications or inefficiencies in the surgical process that can be modified within nursing practice. BACKGROUND Due to rapid sociodemographic and technological change, the global demand for surgical attention is rising exponentially, requiring new strategies for optimisation and sustainability in perioperative care. DESIGN We conduced the scoping review using the methodology recommended by the Joanna Briggs Institute supported with The PAGER framework and guided by the PRISMA-ScR Checklist. METHODS Four databases (CINAHL, MEDLINE, SCOPUS and PUBMED) were examined to extract relevant published results for elective surgery on adult patients during the period 2011-2021. This process identified 609 records. Exclusion criteria were applied, and the sample was then evaluated with the Quality Assessment Tool for Studies with Diverse Designs (QATSDD), after which 15 studies remained. RESULTS The following preoperative indicators and/or predictors were considered: (1) Anxiety; (2) Pain; (3) Health education, knowledge and training; (4) Satisfaction; (5) Management/organisation (including costs, resources used/available, organisational issues, hospital stay (preoperative), standardisation and protocolisation. CONCLUSION The identification of five indicators and/or predictors of complications or inefficiencies in the surgical process, which can be modified by nursing, allows the effective application of interventions in the preoperative phase, optimising care and improving health outcomes. RELEVANCE TO CLINICAL PRACTICE The development and implementation of specific nursing skills in the preoperative phase are essential to optimise the surgical process.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Marina García-Gamez
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | | | - Rosa Iglesias-Parra
- Department of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
| | - Nuria García-Agua Soler
- Department of Pharmacology and Pediatrics, Faculty of Medicine, University of Málaga, Málaga, Spain
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Martín-Carbonell M, Riquelme-Marín A, Fernández-Daza M, Ortigosa-Quiles JM, Méndez-Mateo I. Exploring the Psychometric Properties of the Questionnaire on Family Members Adapting to an Older Adult's Admission to a Nursing Home (CAFIAR-15) in a Colombian Sample. Behav Sci (Basel) 2021; 12:4. [PMID: 35049615 PMCID: PMC8773060 DOI: 10.3390/bs12010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2021] [Revised: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Institutionalization to a nursing home can be one of the most significant and traumatic events in a senior's life, and for their family. For this reason, it is especially important to have validated instruments that evaluate the family member's adaptation to admitting the senior to a nursing home. The study included 139 family members recruited equally in two types of institutions (low-income nursing home (LINH) vs. high-income nursing home (HINH)). A sociodemographic questionnaire with questions to study antecedents and conditions for care and the Questionnaire for Admitting an Older Adult to a Nursing Home (CAFIAR-15) were used. Examining the communalities indicated that four of the five items in factor 3 presented communalities lower than 0.30 and differences in the factorial structure of the CAFIAR-15 were found. There were differences in the antecedents and conditions for care between the relatives of the older adults at LINH and HINH. Cultural differences and differences between LINH and HINH may be the basis for flaws in the conceptual validity of the CAFIAR-15 in the Colombian sample.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marta Martín-Carbonell
- Psychology Department, Cooperative University of Colombia, Troncal del Caribe S/N, Santa Marta 47002, Colombia;
| | - Antonio Riquelme-Marín
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.R.-M.); (J.M.O.-Q.)
| | - Martha Fernández-Daza
- Psychology Department, Cooperative University of Colombia, Troncal del Caribe S/N, Santa Marta 47002, Colombia;
| | - Juan Manuel Ortigosa-Quiles
- Department of Personality, Assessment and Psychological Treatments, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain; (A.R.-M.); (J.M.O.-Q.)
| | - Inmaculada Méndez-Mateo
- Department of Evolutionary and Educational Psychology, University of Murcia, 30100 Murcia, Spain;
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Covid-19 and organisational development: important signs of a new pillar for sustainability. SOCIAL RESPONSIBILITY JOURNAL 2021. [DOI: 10.1108/srj-10-2020-0415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Purpose
The global pandemic has had a considerable effect on organisations’ performance and development and on the daily lives of the general population. This study aims to analyse the recent literature on the topics of Covid-19 and sustainability and proposes to rethink and redefine sustainability with the intersection of human health as a fourth sustainable pillar.
Design/methodology/approach
Using the Scopus and ISI Web of Science databases, 119 articles were analysed in detail and classified according to concepts and principles for achieving sustainable development, based on the Brundtland Report, 1987.
Findings
The results indicate a high number of publications in the social dimension, with a relevant proportion of studies in the health sector. This study allows us to conclude that all sectors of society are being affected by the pandemic. However, the enormous tension and the immediate impact felt by the health sector during the pandemic reflect directly on the population, and there are clear signs that in the medium and long term, instability and uncertainty in the environmental, economic and social dimensions will remain. In national health systems, monitoring, innovating in human resource management and investing in information technology can ensure organizations’ reliability and sustainability. The conclusion involves the suggestion of introducing health as a new pillar for sustainability to consolidate the basis and structure of the United Nations’ Sustainable Development Objectives. The use of fundamental concepts is necessary and must be aligned to reassess the results obtained in studies, in comparison with observational data.
Practical implications
The implications arising from the inclusion of health as a fourth pillar of sustainability are diverse. The need to build a new theoretical and conceptual framework for sustainability derives from the fact that health reflects the concern of many postulants in this field of practices. The determining or conditioning conditions of the observed effects of the pandemic by COVID-19, whether situated simply as factors and/or economic, environmental or social reflexes that precede them, requires a conceptual development that allows its approach, as a complex object, whose determinations are subject to variable degrees of uncertainty and diversity.
Originality/value
This study aims to redefine the concept of sustainability, considering that health has become a public health emergency of international interest. Health affects the supply chain, cash flow, interferes with the educational format and interrupts the workforce’s routine, among other aspects, showing the true nature of its importance and its impact in all spheres (economic, environmental and social).
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Martínez-Heredia N, Soriano Díaz A, Amaro Agudo A, González-Gijón G. Health Education as a Means of Addressing Death in the Elderly. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:6652. [PMID: 34205630 PMCID: PMC8296413 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18126652] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/17/2021] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
Education for death is an emerging field of study in which health education research and proposals are increasingly being made with the aim of acquiring knowledge and skills to promote positive attitudes towards health and preparation for the end of life. The aim of this study is to find out what experience older people have had with death education and the importance they give to health education. A qualitative methodological design was selected using a semi-structured interview. The survey consisted of interviews with 28 participants from the city of Granada (Spain) aged 61 to 78. This qualitative-descriptive study is based on an analysis of older people's experience of education and preparation for death throughout their lives. The results show that, in most cases, the only information received was in childhood and always from a religious perspective. Death and health are closely related, so working on death education helps to improve the quality of life of elderly people. Health education offers ways of coping with the end of life through the transmission of values and practices that make it possible to anticipate and resolve situations of instability or anxiety. Facing death naturally and as just another part of life will help to make healthy ageing possible, through educational proposals related to the integral health of elderly people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nazaret Martínez-Heredia
- Department of Pedagogy, University of Granada, 18011 Granada, Spain; (A.S.D.); (A.A.A.); (G.G.-G.)
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Martínez LM, Perpiñá JLE. Reflexiones para la reorganización de residencias en el contexto de la pandemia por COVID-19. FMC : FORMACION MEDICA CONTINUADA EN ATENCION PRIMARIA 2020; 27:390-397. [PMID: 33071540 PMCID: PMC7550109 DOI: 10.1016/j.fmc.2020.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 07/18/2020] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
•Deberán revisarse las estrategias a todo nivel, para adaptar la atención residencial a los nuevos paradigmas de pirámides poblacionales y patologías. •En el futuro, el diseño de la estructura organizativa de los centros debería incluir la figura del profesional sanitario dentro del grupo directivo en los centros residenciales. •El contexto COVID-19 pone de manifiesto deficiencias que deben ser evaluadas y corregidas a todos los niveles: estructural, estratégico y de operativa en residencias. •La estructura no cooperativa de instituciones afecta a la salud de los usuarios. •Los centros que no reúnen mínimos cualitativos y estructurales son la consecuencia de una normativa previa que los ampara y permite su perpetuación.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Muñoz Martínez
- Enfermera de soporte residencial, Área derecha de Barcelona, CAP Sagrera, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España
| | - José Luis Estébanez Perpiñá
- Enfermero de soporte residencial, Área derecha de Barcelona, CAP Vila de Gràcia - Cibeles, Institut Català de la Salut, Barcelona, España
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