1
|
Yang R, Zheng R, Song J, Liu H, Yu S, Liu J. Speciation of Selenium Nanoparticles and Other Selenium Species in Soil: Simple Extraction Followed by Membrane Separation and ICP-MS Determination. Anal Chem 2024; 96:471-479. [PMID: 38116615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.3c04577] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2023]
Abstract
The application of selenium nanoparticle (SeNP)-based fertilizers can cause SeNPs to enter the soil environment. Considering the possible transformation of SeNPs and the species-dependent toxicity of selenium (Se), accurate analysis of SeNPs and other Se species present in the soil would help rationally assess the potential hazards of SeNPs to soil organisms. Herein, a novel method for speciation of SeNPs and other Se species in soil was established. Under the optimized conditions, SeNPs, selenite, selenate, and seleno amino acid could be simultaneously extracted from the soil with mixtures of tetrasodium pyrophosphate (5 mM) and potassium dihydrogen phosphate (1.2 μM), while inert Se species (mainly metal selenide) remained in the soil. Then, extracted SeNPs can be effectively captured by a nylon membrane (0.45 μm) and quantified by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Other extracted Se species can be separated and quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography coupled with ICP-MS. Based on the difference between the total Se contents and extracted Se contents, the amount of metal selenide can be calculated. The limits of detection of the method were 0.02 μg/g for SeNPs, 0.05 μg/g for selenite, selenate, and selenocystine, and 0.25 μg/g for selenomethionine, respectively. Spiking experiments also showed that our method was applicable to real soil sample analysis. The present method contributes to understanding the speciation of Se in the soil environment and further estimating the occurrence and application risks of SeNPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rui Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Ronggang Zheng
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jiangyun Song
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Hao Liu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Sujuan Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Jingfu Liu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen 518055, China
- School of Environment, Hangzhou Institute for Advanced Study, UCAS, Hangzhou 310024, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Jiménez MS, Bakir M, Ben-Jeddou K, Bolea E, Pérez-Arantegui J, Laborda F. Comparative study of extraction methods of silver species from faeces of animals fed with silver-based nanomaterials. Mikrochim Acta 2023; 190:204. [PMID: 37160774 PMCID: PMC10169895 DOI: 10.1007/s00604-023-05777-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Accepted: 04/01/2023] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
Extractions methods based on ultrapure water, tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH), and tetrasodium pyrophosphate (TSPP) were applied to faeces collected from two in vivo experiments of pigs and chickens fed with a silver-based nanomaterial to study the fate and speciation of silver. For TMAH extraction, cysteine and CaCl2 were used to evaluate their stabilization effect on the silver forms. The analytical techniques single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS), hydrodynamic chromatography hyphenated to ICP-MS (HDC-ICP-MS) and asymmetric flow field flow fractionation coupled to ICP-MS (AF4-ICP-MS) were applied to the simultaneous detection of particulate and dissolved silver. Results have shown that water extraction was a suitable option to assess the environmental release of silver, with percentages of 3 and 9% for faeces of pigs and chickens, respectively. The use of TMAH extraction combined with SP-ICP-MS analysis was useful to characterize Ag-containing particles (less than 1%). Both stabilizers, cysteine and CaCl2, have a similar effect on silver nanoparticle preservation for chicken faeces, whereas cysteine-Triton was better for pig samples. In any case, silver extraction efficiency with TMAH was low (39-42%) for both types of faeces due to a matrix effect. TSPP followed by ICP-MS enabled the fractionation of the silver in the faeces, with silver sulphide (41%) and ionic silver (62%) being the most abundant fractions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- María S Jiménez
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain.
| | - Mariam Bakir
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Khaoula Ben-Jeddou
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Eduardo Bolea
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Josefina Pérez-Arantegui
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| | - Francisco Laborda
- Group of Analytical Spectroscopy and Sensors (GEAS), Institute of Environmental Sciences (IUCA), University of Zaragoza, Pedro Cerbuna 12, 50009, Zaragoza, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Ding K, Liang S, Xie C, Wan Q, Jin C, Wang S, Tang YT, Zhang M, Qiu R. Discrimination and Quantification of Soil Nanoparticles by Dual-Analyte Single Particle ICP-QMS. Anal Chem 2022; 94:10745-10753. [PMID: 35857440 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
This study presents the new application of dual-analyte single particle inductively coupled plasma quadrupole mass spectrometry (spICP-QMS) to the discrimination and quantification of two typical soil nanoparticles (kaolinite and goethite nanoparticles, abbr. KNPs and GNPs) in three samples (SA, SB, and SC) with three detection events (Al unpaired event, Fe unpaired event, and paired event). SA was mainly composed of KNPs with a concentration of 28 443 ± 817 particle mL-1 and a mean particle size of 140.7 ± 0.2 nm. SB was mainly composed of GNPs with a concentration of 39 283 ± 702 particle mL-1 and a mean particle size of 141.8 ± 2.9. In SC, the concentrations of KNPs and GNPs were 22 4541 ± 1401 and 70 604 ± 1623 particle mL-1, respectively, and the mean particle sizes of KNPs and GNPs were 140.7 ± 0.2 and 60.2 ± 0.3 nm, respectively. The accuracy of dual-analyte spICP-QMS was determined by spiking experiments, comparing these results with the measurements of other techniques, analyzing the samples in different SA and SB proportions and in different SC concentrations. Our results demonstrated that the dual-analyte spICP-QMS is a promising approach to distinguishing different kinds of natural NPs in soils.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Kengbo Ding
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shaoxia Liang
- PerkinElmer, Inc., Guangzhou 510370, People's Republic of China
| | - Candie Xie
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Quan Wan
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Jin
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Shizhong Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Ye-Tao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Miaoyue Zhang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Lab for Environmental Pollution Control and Remediation Technology, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China
| | - Rongliang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Sun Yat-sen University, Guangzhou 510006, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural & Rural Pollution Abatement and Environmental Safety, College of Natural Resources and Environment, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China.,Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Abideen Z, Hanif M, Munir N, Nielsen BL. Impact of Nanomaterials on the Regulation of Gene Expression and Metabolomics of Plants under Salt Stress. PLANTS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2022; 11:plants11050691. [PMID: 35270161 PMCID: PMC8912827 DOI: 10.3390/plants11050691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2022] [Revised: 02/21/2022] [Accepted: 02/28/2022] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Plant salinity resistance results from a combination of responses at the physiological, molecular, cellular, and metabolic levels. This article focuses on plant stress tolerance mechanisms for controlling ion homeostasis, stress signaling, hormone metabolism, anti-oxidative enzymes, and osmotic balance after nanoparticle applications. Nanoparticles are used as an emerging tool to stimulate specific biochemical reactions related to plant ecophysiological output because of their small size, increased surface area and absorption rate, efficient catalysis of reactions, and adequate reactive sites. Regulated ecophysiological control in saline environments could play a crucial role in plant growth promotion and survival of plants under suboptimal conditions. Plant biologists are seeking to develop a broad profile of genes and proteins that contribute to plant salt resistance. These plant metabolic profiles can be developed due to advancements in genomic, proteomic, metabolomic, and transcriptomic techniques. In order to quantify plant stress responses, transmembrane ion transport, sensors and receptors in signaling transduction, and metabolites involved in the energy supply require thorough study. In addition, more research is needed on the plant salinity stress response based on molecular interactions in response to nanoparticle treatment. The application of nanoparticles as an aspect of genetic engineering for the generation of salt-tolerant plants is a promising area of research. This review article addresses the use of nanoparticles in plant breeding and genetic engineering techniques to develop salt-tolerant crops.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zainul Abideen
- Dr. Muhammad Ajmal Khan Institute of Sustainable Halophyte Utilization, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Maria Hanif
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
| | - Neelma Munir
- Department of Biotechnology, Lahore College for Women University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan;
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (B.L.N.)
| | - Brent L. Nielsen
- Department of Microbiology and Molecular Biology, Brigham Young University, Provo, UT 84602, USA
- Correspondence: (N.M.); (B.L.N.)
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Tou F, Niu Z, Fu J, Wu J, Liu M, Yang Y. Simple Method for the Extraction and Determination of Ti-, Zn-, Ag-, and Au-Containing Nanoparticles in Sediments Using Single-Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:10354-10364. [PMID: 34269050 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00983] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The quantitative analysis of nanoparticles (NPs) in the environment is significantly important for the exploration of the occurrence, fate, and toxicological behaviors of NPs and their subsequent environmental risks. Some protocols have been recommended for the separation and extraction of NPs that are potentially dispersed in complex environmental matrixes, e.g. sediments and soils, but they remain limited. However, certain factors that may significantly affect extraction efficiency have not been comprehensively explored. In this study, on the basis of the single-particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (SP-ICP-MS) technique, a simple standardized protocol for separating and analyzing metal-containing NPs in sediment samples was developed. On consideration of the extraction efficiencies of indigenous NPs (Ti- and Zn-NPs) and spiked NPs (Ag- and Au-NPs) in sediments, sedimentation with a settling time of 6 h is recommended for the separation of NPs and large particles, and the optimal sediment to water ratio, ultrasonication power, time, and temperature are 0.4 mg/mL, 285 W, 20 min, and 15-25 °C, respectively. On the basis of the optimized method, the recoveries of spiked Ag and Au-NPs were 71.4% and 81.1%, respectively. The applicability of the optimal protocols was verified, and TOC was proved to be an important factor controlling the separation and extraction of NPs in environmental samples. The separation and extraction of NPs in elevated TOC samples can be improved by increasing the ultrasonication power, time, and temperature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Feiyun Tou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Zuoshun Niu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiquan Fu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Jiayuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- Institute of Eco-Chongming, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science of the Ministry of Education, School of Geographic Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
- Shanghai Key lab for Urban Ecological Processes and Eco-Restoration, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, People's Republic of China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Quarato M, Pinheiro I, Vieira A, Espiña B, Rodriguez-Lorenzo L. Detection of Silver Nanoparticles in Seawater Using Surface-Enhanced Raman Scattering. NANOMATERIALS 2021; 11:nano11071711. [PMID: 34209606 PMCID: PMC8308189 DOI: 10.3390/nano11071711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2021] [Revised: 06/18/2021] [Accepted: 06/24/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Nanomaterials significantly contribute to the development of new solutions to improve consumer products properties. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are one of the most used, and as human exposure to such NPs increases, there is a growing need for analytical methods to identify and quantify nanoparticles present in the environment. Here we designed a detection strategy for AgNPs in seawater using surface-enhanced Raman Scattering (SERS). Three commercial AgNPs coated with polyvinylpyrrolidone (PVP) were used to determine the relative impact of size (PVP-15nmAgNPs and PVP-100nmAgNPs) and aggregation degree (predefined Ag aggregates, PVP-50-80nmAgNPs) on the SERS-based detection method. The study of colloidal stability and dissolution of selected AgNPs into seawater was carried out by dynamic light scattering and UV-vis spectroscopy. We showed that PVP-15nmAgNPs and PVP-100nmAgNPs remained colloidally stable, while PVP-50-80nmAgNPs formed bigger aggregates. We demonstrated that the SERS-based method developed here have the capacity to detect and quantify single and aggregates of AgNPs in seawater. The size had almost no effect on the detection limit (2.15 ± 1.22 mg/L for PVP-15nmAgNPs vs. 1.51 ± 0.71 mg/L for PVP-100nmAgNPs), while aggregation caused an increase of 2.9-fold (6.08 ± 1.21 mg/L). Our results demonstrate the importance of understanding NPs transformation in seawater since this can influence the detection method performance.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wu J, Tou F, Yang Y, Liu C, Hower JC, Baalousha M, Wang G, Liu M, Hochella MF. Metal-Containing Nanoparticles in Low-Rank Coal-Derived Fly Ash from China: Characterization and Implications toward Human Lung Toxicity. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:6644-6654. [PMID: 33969690 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c00434] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Characterization of nanoparticles (NPs) in coal fly ashes (CFAs) is critical for better understanding the potential health-related risks resulting from coal combustion. Based on single-particle (SP)-inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) coupled with transmission electron microscopy techniques, this study is the first to determine the concentrations and sizes of metal-containing NPs in low-rank coal-derived fly ashes. Despite only comprising a minor component of the studied CFAs by mass, NPs were the dominant fraction by particle number. Fe- and Ti-containing NPs were identified as the dominant NPs with their particle number concentration ranging from 2.5 × 107 to 2.5 × 108 particles/mg. In addition, the differences of Fe-/Ti-containing NPs in various CFAs were regulated by the coalification degree of feed coals and combustion conditions of all of the low-rank CFAs tested. In the cases where these NPs in CFAs become airborne and are inhaled, they can be taken up in pulmonary interstitial fluids. This study shows that in Gamble's solution (a lung fluid simulant), 51-87% of Fe and 63-89% of Ti (ratio of the mass of Fe-/Ti-containing NPs to the total mass of Fe/Ti) exist in the NP form and remain suspended in pulmonary fluid simulants. These NPs are bioavailable and may induce lung tissue damage.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jiayuan Wu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Feiyun Tou
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Yi Yang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Chang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - James C Hower
- Center for Applied Energy Research, University of Kentucky, 2540 Research Park Drive, Lexington, Kentucky 40511, United States
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, University of Kentucky, Lexington, Kentucky 40506, United States
| | - Mohammed Baalousha
- Center for Environmental Nanoscience and Risk, Department of Environmental Health Sciences, Arnold School of Public Health, University of South Carolina, Columbia, South Carolina 29201, United State
| | - Gehui Wang
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Min Liu
- Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science (Ministry of Education), School of Geographical Sciences, East China Normal University, 500 Dongchuan Road, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Michael F Hochella
- Department of Geosciences, Virginia Tech, Blacksburg, Virginia 24061, United States
- Earth Systems Science Division, Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, Washington 99352, United States
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Fischer J, Evlanova A, Philippe A, Filser J. Soil properties can evoke toxicity of copper oxide nanoparticles towards springtails at low concentrations. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 270:116084. [PMID: 33246757 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.116084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/24/2020] [Revised: 11/11/2020] [Accepted: 11/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Copper oxide nanoparticles (CuO-NP) are used as an efficient alternative to conventional Cu in agriculture and might end up in soils. They show a high toxicity towards cells and microorganisms, but only low toxicity towards soil invertebrates. However, most existing soil ecotoxicological studies were conducted in a sandy reference soil and at test concentrations ≥100 mg Cu/kg soil. Therefore, there is a knowledge gap concerning the effect of soil texture on the toxicity of CuO-NP at lower, more realistic test concentrations. In our study, a sandy reference soil and three loamy soils were spiked with CuO-NP at up to four concentrations, ranging from 5 to 158 mg Cu/kg. We investigated 28-day reproduction as well as weight and Cu content after 14-day bioaccumulation and subsequent 14-day elimination for the springtail Folsomia candida. For the first time we analysed the size distribution of CuO-NP in aqueous test soil extracts by single particle-ICP-MS which revealed that the diameter of CuO-NP significantly increased with increasing concentration, but did not vary between test soils. Negative effects on reproduction were only observed in loamy soils, most pronounced in a loamy-acidic soil (-61%), and they were always strongest at the lowest test concentration. The observed effects were much stronger than reported by other studies performed with sandy soils and higher CuO-NP concentrations. In the same soil and concentration, a moderate impact on growth (-28%) was observed, while Cu elimination from springtails was inhibited. Rather than Cu body concentration, the diameter of the CuO-NP taken up, as well as NP-clay interactions might play a crucial role regarding their toxicity. Our study reports for the first time toxic effects of CuO-NP towards a soil invertebrate at a low, realistic concentration range. The results strongly suggest including lower test concentrations and a range of soil types in nanotoxicity testing.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jonas Fischer
- University of Bremen, UFT, General and Theoretical Ecology, Leobener Str. 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany.
| | - Anna Evlanova
- University of Bremen, UFT, General and Theoretical Ecology, Leobener Str. 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| | - Allan Philippe
- IES Landau, Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Fortstrasse 7, 76829, Landau, Germany
| | - Juliane Filser
- University of Bremen, UFT, General and Theoretical Ecology, Leobener Str. 6, 28359, Bremen, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Wojcieszek J, Jiménez-Lamana J, Ruzik L, Szpunar J, Jarosz M. To-Do and Not-To-Do in Model Studies of the Uptake, Fate and Metabolism of Metal-Containing Nanoparticles in Plants. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 10:E1480. [PMID: 32731603 PMCID: PMC7466506 DOI: 10.3390/nano10081480] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2020] [Revised: 07/22/2020] [Accepted: 07/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Due to the increasing release of metal-containing nanoparticles into the environment, the investigation of their interactions with plants has become a hot topic for many research fields. However, the obtention of reliable data requires a careful design of experimental model studies. The behavior of nanoparticles has to be comprehensively investigated; their stability in growth media, bioaccumulation and characterization of their physicochemical forms taken-up by plants, identification of the species created following their dissolution/oxidation, and finally, their localization within plant tissues. On the basis of their strong expertise, the authors present guidelines for studies of interactions between metal-containing nanoparticles and plants.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Justyna Wojcieszek
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (J.W.); (L.R.); (M.J.)
| | - Javier Jiménez-Lamana
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institute of Analytical and Physical Chemistry for the Environment and Materials (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64053 Pau, France;
| | - Lena Ruzik
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (J.W.); (L.R.); (M.J.)
| | - Joanna Szpunar
- Universite de Pau et des Pays de l’Adour, E2S UPPA, CNRS, Institute of Analytical and Physical Chemistry for the Environment and Materials (IPREM), UMR 5254, 64053 Pau, France;
| | - Maciej Jarosz
- Chair of Analytical Chemistry, Faculty of Chemistry, Warsaw University of Technology, 3 Noakowskiego str., 00-664 Warsaw, Poland; (J.W.); (L.R.); (M.J.)
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Terzioğlu D, Dalgıç Bozyiğit G, Fırat Ayyıldız M, Chormey DS, Bakırdere S. Combination of Slotted Quartz Tube Flame Atomic Absorption Spectrometry and Dispersive Liquid–Liquid Microextraction for the Trace Determination of Silver in Electroplating Rinse Bath. ANAL LETT 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2020.1780603] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Duygu Terzioğlu
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | - Gamze Dalgıç Bozyiğit
- Faculty of Civil Engineering, Department of Environmental Engineering, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
| | | | | | - Sezgin Bakırdere
- Department of Chemistry, Yıldız Technical University, İstanbul, Turkey
- Turkish Academy of Sciences (TÜBA), Ankara, Turkey
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
The role and influence of hydrogeochemistry in the behaviour and fate of silver nanoparticles in freshwater systems. SN APPLIED SCIENCES 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s42452-020-2130-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/29/2023] Open
|
12
|
Li L, Wang Q, Yang Y, Luo L, Ding R, Yang ZG, Li HP. Extraction Method Development for Quantitative Detection of Silver Nanoparticles in Environmental Soils and Sediments by Single Particle Inductively Coupled Plasma Mass Spectrometry. Anal Chem 2019; 91:9442-9450. [DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.8b05575] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Lei Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan Nan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan PR China
| | - Qiang Wang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan Nan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan PR China
| | - Yuan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan PR China
- International Joint Laboratory of Hunan Agricultural Typical Pollution Restoration and Water Resources Safety Utilization, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha 410128, PR China
| | - Li Luo
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan Nan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan PR China
| | - Ru Ding
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan Nan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan PR China
| | - Zhao-Guang Yang
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan Nan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan PR China
| | - Hai-Pu Li
- Center for Environment and Water Resources, College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, No. 932 Lushan Nan Road, Yuelu District, Changsha 410083, PR China
- Key Laboratory of Hunan Province for Water Environment and Agriculture Product Safety, Central South University, Changsha 410083, Hunan PR China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Parada J, Rubilar O, Fernández-Baldo MA, Bertolino FA, Durán N, Seabra AB, Tortella GR. The nanotechnology among US: are metal and metal oxides nanoparticles a nano or mega risk for soil microbial communities? Crit Rev Biotechnol 2018; 39:157-172. [PMID: 30396282 DOI: 10.1080/07388551.2018.1523865] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Metal nanoparticles and metal oxides nanoparticles (MNPs/MONPs) have been widely included in a great diversity of products and industrial applications and they are already a part of our everyday life. According to estimation studies, their production is expected to increase exponentially in the next few years. Consequently, soil has been suggested as the main sink of MNPs/MONPs once they are deliberately or accidentally released into the environment. The potential negative perturbations that may result on soil microbial communities and ecological processes are resulting in concerns. Several nano-toxicological studies of MNPs/MONPs, reported so far, have focused on aquatic organisms, animals, and soil invertebrates. However, during recent years, the studies have been oriented to understand the effects of MNPs/MONPs on microbial communities and their interaction with soil components. The studies have suggested that MNPs/MONPs are one of the most toxic type to soil biota, amongst different types of nanomaterials. This may threaten soil health and fertility, since microbial communities are known to support important biological processes and ecosystem services such as the nutrient cycling, whereby their protection against the environmental pollution is imperative. Therefore, in this review we summarize the actual knowledge available from the last five years (2013-2018) and gaps about the potential negative, positive or neutral effects produced on soil by different classes of MNPs/MONPs. A particular emphasis has been placed on the associated soil microorganisms and biological processes. Finally, perspectives about future research are discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- J Parada
- a Doctoral Program in Sciences of Natural Resources , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - O Rubilar
- b Chemical Engineering Department , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile.,c Scientific & Technological Bioresource Nucleus , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| | - M A Fernández-Baldo
- d INQUISAL, Departamento de Química , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , San Luis , Argentina
| | - F A Bertolino
- d INQUISAL, Departamento de Química , Universidad Nacional de San Luis , San Luis , Argentina
| | - N Durán
- e Institute of Biology, Urogenital, Carcinogenesis and Immunotherapy Laboratory, Department of Genetics, Evolution and Bioagents, University of Campinas, Campinas, Brazil.,f NanoBioss, Chemistry Institute , University of Campinas , Campinas , Brazil.,g Nanomedicine Research Unit (Nanomed) , Federal University of ABC (UFABC) , Santo André , Brazil
| | - A B Seabra
- h Center for Natural and Human Sciences , Universidade Federal do ABC , Santo André , Brazil
| | - G R Tortella
- b Chemical Engineering Department , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile.,c Scientific & Technological Bioresource Nucleus , Universidad de La Frontera , Temuco , Chile
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
An increasing amount of TiO2 engineered nanoparticles (TNP) is released into soils and sediments, increasing the need for dedicated detection methods. Titanium is naturally present in soils at concentrations typically much higher than the estimated concentrations for TNP. Therefore, a precise knowledge of this natural background, including the colloidal fraction, is required for developing adapted strategies for detecting TNP. In this study, we characterized the natural colloidal Ti-background by analyzing eight soils with different properties and origins. A combination of X-ray fluorescence analysis and ICP-OES was used for determining the silicate bound fraction, which was a minor fraction for all soils (0–32%). The colloidal fraction obtained by extracting colloids from soil prior to ICP-OES measurements ranged between 0.3% and 7%. Electron microscopy and hydrodynamic chromatography confirmed that Ti in the form of colloids or larger particles was mostly present as TiO2 minerals with a fraction smaller than 100 nm. The size distribution mode of the extracted colloids determined using hydrodynamic chromatography ranged between 80 and 120 nm. The chromatograms suggested a broad size distribution with a significant portion below 100 nm. In addition to these data, we also discuss possible implications of our findings for the method development for detecting TNP in soils.
Collapse
|
15
|
Hadri HE, Louie SM, Hackley VA. Assessing the interactions of metal nanoparticles in soil and sediment matrices - A quantitative analytical multi-technique approach. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE. NANO 2018; 5:10.1039/C7EN00868F. [PMID: 31093329 PMCID: PMC6512827 DOI: 10.1039/c7en00868f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
The impact and behavior of engineered nanomaterials (ENMs) entering the environment is an important issue due to their growing use in consumer and agricultural products. Their mobility and fate in the environment are heavily impacted by their interactions with natural particle components of saturated sediments and soils. In this study, functionalized gold nanoparticles (AuNPs - used as model ENMs) were spiked into complex solid-containing media (standard soils and estuarine sediment in moderately hard water). AuNPs were characterized in the colloidal extract (< 1 μm) following centrifugal separation of the non-colloidal phase, using different analytical techniques including asymmetric-flow field-flow fractionation and single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry. Attachment of functionalized AuNPs to the soil particles did not significantly depend on their concentration or surface coating (citrate, bPEI, PVP, PEG). Similarly, UV degradation of coatings did not substantially alter their recovery. Conversely, the presence of natural organic matter (NOM) is a key factor in their adhesion to matrix particles, by decreasing the predicted influence of native surface chemistry and functional coatings. A kinetic experiment performed over 48 h showed that attachment to soil colloids is rapid and that hetero-aggregation is dominant. These results suggest that transport of ENMs away from the point of discharge (or entry) could be limited in soils and sediments, but additional experiments under more realistic and dynamic field conditions would be necessary to confirm this more generally. Transport properties may also differ substantially in matrices where NOM is largely absent or otherwise sequestered or when dissolution of ENMs is an important factor.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hind El Hadri
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8520 USA
| | - Stacey M. Louie
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8520 USA
| | - Vincent A. Hackley
- National Institute of Standards and Technology, Materials Measurement Science Division 100 Bureau Drive, Gaithersburg, MD 20899-8520 USA
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Mahdi KNM, Peters R, van der Ploeg M, Ritsema C, Geissen V. Tracking the Transport of Silver Nanoparticles in Soil: a Saturated Column Experiment. WATER, AIR, AND SOIL POLLUTION 2018; 229:334. [PMID: 30416217 PMCID: PMC6208754 DOI: 10.1007/s11270-018-3985-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) can enter the environment when released from products containing them. As AgNPs enter soil, they are often retained in the soil profile and/or leached to the groundwater. This research assessed the transport of AgNPs in their "particle form" through the soil profile using a series of columns. Three soil types were put into soil columns: LSH (loam with high organic matter (OM)), LSL (loam with low OM), and Sand (no OM). The results showed that AgNP transport and retention in soil as well as particle size changes are affected by soil organic matter (OM) and the cation exchange capacity (CEC) of soil. OM affected the transport and retention of AgNPs. This was evident in the LSH columns where the OM concentration was the highest and the AgNP content the lowest in the soil layers and in the effluent water. The highest transported AgNP content was detected in the Sand columns where OM was the lowest. CEC had an impact on the particle size of the AgNPs that were retained in the soil layers. This was clear in columns packed with high CEC-containing soils (LSL and LSH) where AgNP particle size decreased more substantially than in the columns packed with sand. However, the decrease in AgNP sizes in the effluent water was less than the decrease in particle size of AgNPs transported through but retained in the soil. This means that the AgNPs that reached the effluent were transported directly from the first layer through the soil macropores. This work highlights the ability to track AgNPs at low concentrations (50 μg kg-1) and monitor the changes in particle size potential as the particles leach through soil all of which increases our knowledge about AgNP transport mechanisms in porous media.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karrar N. M. Mahdi
- Soil physics and land management group, Wageningen University and research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
- College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq
| | - Ruud Peters
- RIKILT Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Martine van der Ploeg
- Soil physics and land management group, Wageningen University and research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Coen Ritsema
- Soil physics and land management group, Wageningen University and research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Violette Geissen
- Soil physics and land management group, Wageningen University and research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
Mahdi KNM, Commelin M, Peters RJB, Baartman JEM, Ritsema C, Geissen V. Transport of silver nanoparticles by runoff and erosion - A flume experiment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 601-602:1418-1426. [PMID: 28605860 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2017.06.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2017] [Revised: 05/30/2017] [Accepted: 06/03/2017] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) are being used in many products as they have unique antimicrobial-biocidal properties. After disposal of these products AgNPs can reach the soil environment possibly affecting soil organisms and disrupting plants. This work aimed to study the transport of AgNPs by water and sediment during overland flow and soil erosion. This was done in a laboratory setting, using a flume and rainfall simulator. A low concentration of AgNPs (50μg·kg-1) was applied to two soil-flumes with slope percentages of 20% and 10%. The rainfall was applied in four events of 15min each with a total amount of rainfall of 15mm during each event. After applying the rainfall, samples of the non-transported background soil (BS) and the transported sediment (Sf) were collected from the flume surface. Runoff sediment (RS) and water (RW) were collected from the outlet. AgNPs were detected in all samples collected. However, concentration varied according to sample type (soil or water), time of collection (for runoff water and sediment) and the slope of the soil flume. Higher concentrations of AgNPs in soil were detected in the BS than in the Sf likely due to the BS having more fine particles (silt and clay). The AgNPs concentration in the runoff sediments increased with subsequent applied rain events. In addition, increasing the slope of the flume from 10% to 20% increased the total AgNPs transported with the runoff sediment by a factor 1.5. The study confirms that AgNPs can be transported by both overland flow and sediment due to erosion.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karrar N M Mahdi
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands; College of Engineering, University of Baghdad, Baghdad, Iraq.
| | - Meindert Commelin
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Ruud J B Peters
- RIKILT Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen UR, The Netherlands
| | - Jantiene E M Baartman
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Coen Ritsema
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| | - Violette Geissen
- Soil Physics and Land Management Group, Wageningen University and Research, Wageningen, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
18
|
Kumar SSD, Houreld NN, Kroukamp EM, Abrahamse H. Cellular imaging and bactericidal mechanism of green-synthesized silver nanoparticles against human pathogenic bacteria. JOURNAL OF PHOTOCHEMISTRY AND PHOTOBIOLOGY B-BIOLOGY 2017; 178:259-269. [PMID: 29172133 DOI: 10.1016/j.jphotobiol.2017.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/01/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have attracted significant attention in medicinal, biomedical, and pharmaceutical research owing to their valuable physicochemical and antibacterial properties. Leaf sap extract (LSE) from Aloe arborescens can be used as an active ingredient for different biological applications, including wound healing. In this study, we have investigated the use of LSE from A. arborescens as a reducing, stabilizing and capping agent to produce AgNPs during the so called "green synthesis" (G-AgNPs). The objective of this study was to prepare, characterize and evaluate the potential of G-AgNPs against human pathogenic bacteria for the intended use as treatment of infected wounds. When the mixture of silver nitrate solution and LSE was exposed to direct sunlight it yielded a rapid color change from colorless to reddish-brown, indicating the formation of G-AgNPs. Physicochemical characterization such as Single particle inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry, High resolution transmission electron microscopy and surface chemistry studies (Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy and X-Ray diffraction) revealed a small size in the range of 38±2nm, smooth surface and existence of LSE on the G-AgNPs. G-AgNPs possessed good antibacterial activity against both Pseudomonas aeruginosa and Staphylococcus aureus. The flow cytometry study revealed the increased percentage of dead cells treated by G-AgNPs through cell membrane damage, and it was further confirmed by confocal laser scanning microscopy. Thus, the present study reveals that the novel G-AgNPs demonstrated effective antibacterial properties against both Gram-negative and Gram-positive bacterial strains and shows great potential for its use in the treatment of pathogen infected wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Eve M Kroukamp
- Spectrum Central Analytical Facility, Kingsway Campus, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| | - Heidi Abrahamse
- Laser Research Centre, University of Johannesburg, Johannesburg, South Africa
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Rastogi A, Zivcak M, Sytar O, Kalaji HM, He X, Mbarki S, Brestic M. Impact of Metal and Metal Oxide Nanoparticles on Plant: A Critical Review. Front Chem 2017; 5:78. [PMID: 29075626 PMCID: PMC5643474 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2017.00078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 250] [Impact Index Per Article: 35.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2017] [Accepted: 09/26/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
An increasing need of nanotechnology in various industries may cause a huge environment dispersion of nanoparticles in coming years. A concern about nanoparticles interaction with flora and fauna is raised due to a growing load of it in the environment. In recent years, several investigators have shown impact of nanoparticles on plant growth and their accumulation in food source. This review examines the research performed in the last decade to show how metal and metal oxide nanoparticles are influencing the plant metabolism. We addressed here, the impact of nanoparticle on plant in relation to its size, concentration, and exposure methodology. Based on the available reports, we proposed oxidative burst as a general mechanism through which the toxic effects of nanoparticles are spread in plants. This review summarizes the current understanding and the future possibilities of plant-nanoparticle research.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anshu Rastogi
- Department of Meteorology, Poznan University of Life Sciences, Poznan, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Marek Zivcak
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| | - Oksana Sytar
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
- SRL “Physiological Bases of Plant Productivity,” Educational and Scientific Center “Institute of Biology and Medicine,” Taras Shevchenko National University of Kyiv, Kiev, Ukraine
| | - Hazem M. Kalaji
- SI Technology, Warsaw, Poland
- Department of Plant Physiology, Faculty of Agriculture and Biology, Warsaw University of Life Science—SGGW, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Xiaolan He
- Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Nanjing, China
| | - Sonia Mbarki
- National Research Institute of Rural Engineering, Water and Forests, Aryanah, Tunisia
| | - Marian Brestic
- Department of Plant Physiology, Slovak University of Agriculture, Nitra, Slovakia
| |
Collapse
|