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Metabolic and Oxidative Changes in the Fern Adiantum raddianum upon Foliar Application of Metals. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232314736. [PMID: 36499062 PMCID: PMC9740585 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232314736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2022] [Revised: 11/02/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Cadmium (Cd) or nickel (Ni) were applied as a foliar spray (1 µM solution over one month) to mimic air pollution and to monitor metabolic responses and oxidative stress in the pteridophyte species. Exogenous metals did not affect the metal content of the soil and had relatively little effect on the essential elements in leaves or rhizomes. The amounts of Cd and Ni were similar in treated leaves (7.2 µg Cd or 5.3 µg Ni/g DW in mature leaves compared with 0.4 µg Cd or 1.2 µg Ni/g DW in the respective control leaves), but Ni was more abundant in rhizomes (56.6 µg Ni or 3.4 µg Cd/g DW), resulting in a higher Cd translocation and bioaccumulation factor. The theoretical calculation revealed that ca. 4% of Cd and 5.5% of Ni from the applied solution per plant/pot was absorbed. Excess Cd induced stronger ROS production followed by changes in SOD and CAT activities, whereas nitric oxide (NO) stimulation was less intense, as detected by confocal microscopy. The hadrocentric vascular bundles in the petioles also showed higher ROS and NO signals under metal excess. This may be a sign of increased ROS formation, and high correlations were observed. Proteins and amino acids were stimulated by Cd or Ni application in individual organs, whereas phenols and flavonols were almost unaffected. The data suggest that even low levels of exogenous metals induce an oxidative imbalance, although no visible damage is observed, and that the responses of ferns to metals are similar to those of seed plants or algae.
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Wang H, Cui S, Ma L, Wang Z, Wang H. Variations of arsenic forms and the role of arsenate reductase in three hydrophytes exposed to different arsenic species. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 221:112415. [PMID: 34171691 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2021] [Revised: 06/01/2021] [Accepted: 06/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
In order to understand the mechanisms of arsenic (As) accumulation and detoxification in aquatic plants exposed to different As species, a hydroponic experiment was conducted and the three aquatic plants (Hydrilla verticillata, Pistia stratiotes and Eichhornia crassipes) were exposed to different concentrations of As(III), As(V) and dimethylarsinate (DMA) for 10 days. The biomass, the surface As adsorption and total As adsorption of three plants were determined. Furthermore, As speciation in the culture solution and plant body, as well as the arsenate reductase (AR) activities of roots and shoots, were also analyzed. The results showed that the surface As adsorption of plants was far less than total As absorption. Compared to As(V), the plants showed a lower DMA accumulation. P. stratiotes showed the highest accumulation of inorganic arsenic but E. crassipes showed the lowest at the same As treatment. E. crassipes showed a strong ability to accumulate DMA. Results from As speciation analysis in culture solution showed that As(III) was transformed to As(V) in all As(III) treatments, and the oxidation rates followed as the sequence of H. verticillata>P. stratiotes>E. crassipes>no plant. As(III) was the predominant species in both roots (39.4-88.3%) and shoots (39-86%) of As(III)-exposed plants. As(V) and As(III) were the predominant species in roots (37-94%) and shoots (31.1-85.6%) in As(V)-exposed plants, respectively. DMA was the predominant species in both roots (23.46-100%) and shoots (72.6-100%) in DMA-exposed plants. The As(III) contents and AR activities in the roots of P. stratiotes and in the shoots of H. verticillata were significantly increased when exposed to 1 mg·L-1 or 3 mg·L-1 As(V). Therefore, As accumulation mainly occurred via biological uptake rather than physicochemical adsorption, and AR played an important role in As detoxification in aquatic plants. In the case of As(V)-exposed plants, their As tolerance was attributed to the increase of AR activities.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haijuan Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Suping Cui
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Li Ma
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Zhongzhen Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
| | - Hongbin Wang
- Faculty of Environmental Science and Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming, China 650500.
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Wang J, Xu D, Ni Z, Yu C, Wang J, Wu Q, Di L, Cheng H, Duan J, Zhou J, Ma H. Analyzing liver protein-bound DMA V by using size exclusion and ion exchange HPLC combined with ICP-MS and MRM mode in rats exposed to AS4S4. Talanta 2021; 234:122714. [PMID: 34364506 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2021.122714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2021] [Revised: 07/06/2021] [Accepted: 07/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Long-term exposure to high levels of arsenic (As) will result in damage to organs. Compared with free arsenic, protein-bound arsenic are more difficult to be excreted from the bodies due to their complexation with biological macromolecules. We developed a method of size exclusion chromatography (SEC) and ion exchange chromatography (IEC) combined with inductively coupled plasma-mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) and multiple reaction monitoring (MRM) mode, which was used to determine bound-arsenic species. DMAV was identified as bound arsenic species in rat livers after As4S4 overexposure. Subsequent proteomics analysis showed the potential binding partners included hemoglobin, glutathione S-transferases, superoxide dismutase [Cu-Zn] & [Mn], thiosulfate sulfurtransferase, and metallothionein-2. The method developed here was sensitive, repeatable, and conducive to arsenic analysis, especially for toxicity evaluation of arsenic-containing substances in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaojiao Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Dihui Xu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Zuyao Ni
- Donnelly Centre for Cellular and Biomolecular Research, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Chengli Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Functional Substances of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jiajia Wang
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Qinan Wu
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Liuqing Di
- Jiangsu Provincial TCM Engineering Technology Research Center of High Efficient Drug Delivery System (DDS), Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Haibo Cheng
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China
| | - Jinao Duan
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Jing Zhou
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China.
| | - Hongyue Ma
- Jiangsu Collaborative Innovation Center of Chinese Medicinal Resources Industrialization, and Jiangsu Key Laboratory for High Technology Research of TCM Formulae, College of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, 210023, China; Jiangsu Key Laboratory for Pharmacology and Safety Evaluation of Chinese Materia Medica, School of Pharmacy, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China.
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Wagner S, Hoefer C, Puschenreiter M, Wenzel WW, Oburger E, Hann S, Robinson B, Kretzschmar R, Santner J. Arsenic redox transformations and cycling in the rhizosphere of Pteris vittata and Pteris quadriaurita. ENVIRONMENTAL AND EXPERIMENTAL BOTANY 2020; 177:104122. [PMID: 34103771 PMCID: PMC7610922 DOI: 10.1016/j.envexpbot.2020.104122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/19/2023]
Abstract
Pteris vittata (PV) and Pteris quadriaurita (PQ) are reported to hyperaccumulate arsenic (As) when grown in Asrich soil. Yet, little is known about the impact of their unique As accumulation mechanisms on As transformations and cycling at the soil-root interface. Using a combined approach of two-dimensional (2D), sub-mm scale solute imaging of arsenite (AsIII), arsenate (AsV), phosphorus (P), manganese (Mn), iron (Fe) and oxygen (O2), we found localized patterns of AsIII/AsV redox transformations in the PV rhizosphere (AsIII/AsV ratio of 0.57) compared to bulk soil (AsIII/AsV ratio of ≤0.04). Our data indicate that the high As root uptake, translocation and accumulation from the As-rich experimental soil (2080 mg kg-1) to PV fronds (6986 mg kg-1) induced As detoxification via AsV reduction and AsIII root efflux, leading to AsIII accumulation and re-oxidation to AsV in the rhizosphere porewater. This As cycling mechanism is linked to the reduction of O2 and MnIII/IV (oxyhydr)oxides resulting in decreased O2 levels and increased Mn solubilization along roots. Compared to PV, we found 4-fold lower As translocation to PQ fronds (1611 mg kg-1), 2-fold lower AsV depletion in the PQ rhizosphere, and no AsIII efflux from PQ roots, suggesting that PQ efficiently controls As uptake to avoid toxic As levels in roots. Analysis of root exudates obtained from soil-grown PV showed that As acquisition by PV roots was not associated with phytic acid release. Our study demonstrates that two closely-related As-accumulating ferns have distinct mechanisms for As uptake modulating As cycling in As-rich environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefan Wagner
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Christoph Hoefer
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Soil Chemistry Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, CHN, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Markus Puschenreiter
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Walter W. Wenzel
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Eva Oburger
- Department of Forest and Soil Sciences, Institute of Soil Research, Rhizosphere Ecology & Biogeochemistry Group, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
| | - Stephan Hann
- Department of Chemistry, Institute of Analytical Chemistry, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Muthgasse 18, 1190, Vienna, Austria
| | - Brett Robinson
- School of Physical and Chemical Sciences, University of Canterbury, 20 Kirkwood Ave, Ilam, Christchurch, 8041, New Zealand
| | - Ruben Kretzschmar
- Department of Environmental Systems Science, Institute of Biogeochemistry and Pollutant Dynamics, Soil Chemistry Group, ETH Zürich, Universitätstrasse 16, CHN, 8092, Zürich, Switzerland
| | - Jakob Santner
- Department General, Analytical and Physical Chemistry, Chair of General and Analytical Chemistry, Montanuniversität Leoben, Franz-Josef-Strasse 18, 8700, Leoben, Austria
- Department of Crop Sciences, Institute of Agronomy, University of Natural Resources and Life Sciences, Vienna, Konrad-Lorenz-Strasse 24, 3430, Tulln, Austria
- Corresponding author. (J. Santner)
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Li JT, Gurajala HK, Wu LH, van der Ent A, Qiu RL, Baker AJM, Tang YT, Yang XE, Shu WS. Hyperaccumulator Plants from China: A Synthesis of the Current State of Knowledge. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2018; 52:11980-11994. [PMID: 30272967 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.8b01060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 127] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/22/2023]
Abstract
Hyperaccumulator plants are the material basis for phytoextraction research and for practical applications in decontaminating polluted soils and industrial wastes. China's high biodiversity and substantial mineral resources make it a global hotspot for hyperaccumulator plant species. Intensive screening efforts over the past 20 years by researchers working in China have led to the discovery of many different hyperaccumulators for a range of elements. In this review, we present the state of knowledge on all currently reported hyperaccumulator species from China, including Cardamine hupingshanensis (selenium, Se), Dicranopteris dichotoma (rare earth elements, REEs), Elsholtzia splendens (copper, Cu), Phytolacca americana (manganese, Mn), Pteris vittata (arsenic, As), Sedum alfredii, and Sedum plumbizincicola (cadmium/zinc, Cd/Zn). This review covers aspects of the ecophysiology and molecular biology of tolerance and hyperaccumulation for each element. The major scientific advances resulting from the study of hyperaccumulator plants in China are summarized and synthesized.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jin-Tian Li
- School of Life Sciences , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631 , P.R. China
| | - Hanumanth Kumar Gurajala
- College of Environmental & Resources Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Long-Hua Wu
- Institute of Soil Science, Chinese Academy of Sciences , Nanjing 210008 , P.R. China
| | - Antony van der Ent
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR , Université de Lorraine - INRA , Nancy 1120 , France
| | - Rong-Liang Qiu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P.R. China
| | - Alan J M Baker
- Centre for Mined Land Rehabilitation, Sustainable Minerals Institute , The University of Queensland , Brisbane , Australia
- Laboratoire Sols et Environnement, UMR , Université de Lorraine - INRA , Nancy 1120 , France
- School of BioSciences , The University of Melbourne , Victoria 3010 , Australia
| | - Ye-Tao Tang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering , Sun Yat-sen University , Guangzhou 510275 , P.R. China
| | - Xiao-E Yang
- College of Environmental & Resources Science , Zhejiang University , Hangzhou 310058 , P.R. China
| | - Wen-Sheng Shu
- School of Life Sciences , South China Normal University , Guangzhou 510631 , P.R. China
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Das S, de Oliveira LM, da Silva E, Ma LQ. Arsenate and fluoride enhanced each other's uptake in As-sensitive plant Pteris ensiformis. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 180:448-454. [PMID: 28419958 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.04.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2016] [Revised: 04/07/2017] [Accepted: 04/09/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of arsenate (AsV) and fluoride (F) on each other's uptake in an As-sensitive plant Pteris ensiformis. Plants were exposed to 1) 0.1 × Hoagland solution control, 2) 3.75 mg L-1 As and 1.9, 3.8, or 7.6 mg L-1 F, or 3) 1 mg L-1 F and 3.75 mg L-1 or 7.5 mg L-1 As for 7 d in hydroponics. P. ensiformis accumulated 14.7-32.6 mg kg-1 As at 3.75 mg L-1 AsV, and 99-145 mg kg-1 F at 1 mg L-1 F. Our study revealed that AsV and F increased each other's uptake when co-present. At 1.9 mg L-1, F increased frond As uptake from 14.7 to 40.3 mg kg-1, while 7.5 mg L-1 As increased frond F uptake from 99 to 371 mg kg-1. Although, AsV was the predominant As species in all tissues, F enhanced AsIII levels in the rhizomes and fronds, while the reverse was observed in the roots. Increasing As concentrations also enhanced TBARS and H2O2 in tissues, indicating oxidative stress. However, F alleviated As stress by lowering their levels in the fronds. Frond and root membrane leakage were also evident due to As or F exposure. The results may facilitate better understanding of the mechanisms underlying the co-uptake of As and F in plants. However, the mechanisms of how they enhance each other's uptake in P. ensiformis need further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suchismita Das
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States; Life Science and Bioinformatics, Assam University, Silchar, India
| | - Letuzia M de Oliveira
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Evandro da Silva
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States
| | - Lena Q Ma
- Soil and Water Science Department, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, United States; State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210046, People's Republic of China.
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7
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Datta R, Das P, Tappero R, Punamiya P, Elzinga E, Sahi S, Feng H, Kiiskila J, Sarkar D. Evidence for exocellular Arsenic in Fronds of Pteris vittata. Sci Rep 2017; 7:2839. [PMID: 28588214 PMCID: PMC5460129 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-03194-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
The arsenic (As) hyperaccumulating fern species Pteris vittata (PV) is capable of accumulating large quantities of As in its aboveground tissues. Transformation to AsIII and vacuolar sequestration is believed to be the As detoxification mechanism in PV. Here we present evidence for a preponderance of exocellular As in fronds of Pteris vittata despite numerous reports of a tolerance mechanism involving intracellular compartmentalization. Results of an extraction experiment show that 43-71% of the As extruded out of the fronds of PV grown in 0.67, 3.3 and 6.7 mM AsV. SEM-EDX analysis showed that As was localized largely on the lower pinna surface, with smaller amounts on the upper surface, as crystalline deposits. X-ray fluorescence imaging of pinna cross-sections revealed preferential localization of As on the pinna surface in the proximity of veins, with the majority localized near the midrib. Majority of the As in the pinnae is contained in the apoplast rather than vacuoles. Our results provide evidence that exocellular sequestration is potentially a mechanism of As detoxification in PV, particularly at higher As concentrations, raising concern about its use for phytoremediation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rupali Datta
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Padmini Das
- Department of Biology, Nazareth College of Rochester, NY, 14618, USA
| | - Ryan Tappero
- Photon Sciences Division, Brookhaven National Laboratory, Upton, NY, 11973, USA
| | - Pravin Punamiya
- Parsons, 200 Cottontail Lane South 08873, Somerset, 08873, NJ, United States
| | - Evert Elzinga
- Department of Earth & Environmental Sciences, Rutgers University, Newark, NJ, 07102, USA
| | - Shivendra Sahi
- Department of Biology, Western Kentucky University, Bowling Green, KY, 42101, USA
| | - Huan Feng
- Department of Earth and Environmental Studies, Montclair State University, Montclair, NJ, 07043, USA
| | - Jeffrey Kiiskila
- Department of Biological Sciences, Michigan Technological University, Houghton, MI, 49931, USA
| | - Dibyendu Sarkar
- Department of Civil, Environmental and Ocean Engineering, Stevens Institute of Technology, Hoboken, NJ, 07030, USA.
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Banerjee A, Banerjee S, Sarkar P. Statistical design of experiments for optimization of arsenate reductase production by Kocuria palustris (RJB-6) and immobilization parameters in polymer beads. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c6ra00030d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
This study presents statistical optimization of operational parameters for enhancement of arsenate reductase production by an arsenic tolerant bacterium Kocuria palustris (RJB-6).
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Affiliation(s)
- Anindita Banerjee
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
| | - Suchetana Banerjee
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
| | - Priyabrata Sarkar
- Department of Polymer Science and Technology
- University of Calcutta
- Kolkata-700009
- India
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Cesaro P, Cattaneo C, Bona E, Berta G, Cavaletto M. The arsenic hyperaccumulating Pteris vittata expresses two arsenate reductases. Sci Rep 2015; 5:14525. [PMID: 26412036 PMCID: PMC4585942 DOI: 10.1038/srep14525] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 08/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
Enzymatic reduction of arsenate to arsenite is the first known step in arsenate metabolism in all organisms. Although the presence of one mRNA arsenate reductase (PvACR2) has been characterized in gametophytes of P. vittata, no arsenate reductase protein has been directly observed in this arsenic hyperaccumulating fern, yet. In order to assess the possible presence of arsenate reductase in P. vittata, two recombinant proteins, ACR2-His6 and Trx-His6-S-Pv2.5-8 were prepared in Escherichia coli, purified and used to produce polyclonal antibodies. The presence of these two enzymes was evaluated by qRT-PCR, immunoblotting and direct MS analysis. Enzymatic activity was detected in crude extracts. For the first time we detected and identified two arsenate reductase proteins (PvACR2 and Pv2.5-8) in sporophytes and gametophytes of P. vittata. Despite an increase of the mRNA levels for both proteins in roots, no difference was observed at the protein level after arsenic treatment. Overall, our data demonstrate the constitutive protein expression of PvACR2 and Pv2.5-8 in P. vittata tissues and propose their specific role in the complex metabolic network of arsenic reduction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrizia Cesaro
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, DiSIT- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, viale T. Michel 11, 15121 - Alessandria, Novara, Vercelli - Italy
| | - Chiara Cattaneo
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, DiSIT- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, viale T. Michel 11, 15121 - Alessandria, Novara, Vercelli - Italy
| | - Elisa Bona
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, DiSIT- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, viale T. Michel 11, 15121 - Alessandria, Novara, Vercelli - Italy
| | - Graziella Berta
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, DiSIT- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, viale T. Michel 11, 15121 - Alessandria, Novara, Vercelli - Italy
| | - Maria Cavaletto
- Università del Piemonte Orientale, DiSIT- Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica, viale T. Michel 11, 15121 - Alessandria, Novara, Vercelli - Italy
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Xie Z, Sun X, Wang Y, Luo Y, Xie X, Su C. Response of growth and superoxide dismutase to enhanced arsenic in two Bacillus species. ECOTOXICOLOGY (LONDON, ENGLAND) 2014; 23:1922-1929. [PMID: 25142350 DOI: 10.1007/s10646-014-1318-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/09/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Species differences in inorganic arsenic tolerance were investigated by comparing the responses of Bacillus subtilis (B. subtilis) and Bacillus thuringiensis (B. thuringiensis) to elevated concentrations of As(III) and As(V). The cell densities in treatments were always lower during the experiment compared to controls, with the exception of exposure to 1.0 mg As(V) l(-1) on the first day. It was also found that relative growth rate (RGR) of B. thuringiensis was lower than that of B. subtilis. Furthermore, RGR of each Bacillus species was negative correlation with toxicity of inorganic arsenic. However, total cell number still increased in each treatment according to cell density and RGR assays. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity of both Bacillus species was promoted by As(III) and As(V), especially under high arsenic concentration condition. In addition, SOD activity of B. thuringiensis was higher than that of B. subtilis during the same exposure time. In lipid peroxidation assay, thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) content of each Bacillus species had a significant increase with increment of arsenic concentration. Moreover, significant difference was observed between the two Bacillus species under high arsenic concentration. TBARS content of B. thuringiensis was higher than that of B. subtilis, indicating that effect of arsenic on cell membranes of B. thuringiensis was much more than that of B. subtilis. These results suggest that the two Bacillus species could adapt and live in high arsenic aquifers, although their growth and cell membranes were affected by As treatment in a way.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zuoming Xie
- School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430074, People's Republic of China
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Danh LT, Truong P, Mammucari R, Foster N. A critical review of the arsenic uptake mechanisms and phytoremediation potential of Pteris vittata. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOREMEDIATION 2014; 16:429-53. [PMID: 24912227 DOI: 10.1080/15226514.2013.798613] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
The discovery of the arsenic hyperaccumulator, Pteris vittata (Chinese brake fern), has contributed to the promotion of its application as a means of phytoremediation for arsenic removal from contaminated soils and water. Understanding the mechanisms involved in arsenic tolerance and accumulation of this plant provides valuable tools to improve the phytoremediation efficiency. In this review, the current knowledge about the physiological and molecular mechanisms of arsenic tolerance and accumulation in P. vittata is summarized, and an attempt has been made to clarify some of the unresolved questions related to these mechanisms. In addition, the capacity of P. vittata for remediation of arsenic-contaminated soils is evaluated under field conditions for the first time, and possible solutions to improve the remediation capacity of Pteris vittata are also discussed.
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Bifunctional Calix[4]arene Sensor for Pb(II) and Cr2O7 2− Ions. J Fluoresc 2013; 23:575-90. [DOI: 10.1007/s10895-013-1200-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2012] [Accepted: 02/24/2013] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Tripathi P, Singh PC, Mishra A, Chaudhry V, Mishra S, Tripathi RD, Nautiyal CS. Trichoderma inoculation ameliorates arsenic induced phytotoxic changes in gene expression and stem anatomy of chickpea (Cicer arietinum). ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2013; 89:8-14. [PMID: 23273619 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2012.10.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2012] [Revised: 10/19/2012] [Accepted: 10/20/2012] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic, a carcinogenic metalloid severely affects plant growth in contaminated areas. Present study shows role of Trichoderma reesei NBRI 0716 (NBRI 0716) in ameliorating arsenic (As) stress on chickpea under greenhouse conditions. Arsenic stress adversely affected seed germination (25%), chlorophyll content (44%) and almost eliminated nodule formation that were significantly restored on NBRI 0716 inoculation. It also restored stem anomalies like reduced trichome turgidity and density, deformation in collenchymatous and sclerenchymatous cells induced by As stress. Semi-quantitative RT-PCR of stress responsive genes showed differential expression of genes involved in synthesis of cell wall degrading enzymes, dormancy termination and abiotic stress. Upregulation of drought responsive genes (DRE, EREBP, T6PS, MIPS, and PGIP), enhanced proline content and shrunken cortex cells in the presence of As suggests that it creates water deficiency in plants and these responses were modulated by NBRI 0716 which provides a protective role. NBRI0716 mediated production of As reductase enzyme in chickpea and thus contributed in As metabolism. The study suggests a multifarious role of NBRI0716 in mediating stress tolerance in chickpea towards As.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pratibha Tripathi
- CSIR-National Botanical Research Institute, Rana Pratap Marg, Lucknow 226 001, India
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Drava G, Roccotiello E, Minganti V, Manfredi A, Cornara L. Effects of cadmium and arsenic on Pteris vittata under hydroponic conditions. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2012; 31:1375-1380. [PMID: 22505316 DOI: 10.1002/etc.1835] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2011] [Revised: 12/16/2011] [Accepted: 01/31/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
Pteris vittata is known to hyperaccumulate arsenic, and a large number of studies on this fern species can be found in the literature aimed at evaluating its behavior when coexposed to other toxic elements. In the present study, P. vittata was treated with different concentrations of As and/or Cd in a hydroponic system, that is, under complete bioavailability of the elements, with the objective of investigating the effects of these two elements and their interactions. The response of the plant was evaluated by measuring As, Cd, P, and Ca concentrations in different parts of the plant. Moreover, the symptoms of phytotoxicity were assessed in terms of biomass reduction and loss of photosynthetic efficiency related to necrosis of pinnae. The concentrations of As and Cd measured in the fronds and the root system were significantly dependent on the treatment, whereas P and Ca concentrations were not affected. Interaction effects between As and Cd were observed, with maximum toxicity symptoms after treatment with both elements. This could affect the potential use of this fern for phytoremediation. Although As treatment produced a significant effect on leaves (e.g., chlorosis and necrosis), Cd treatment produced a stronger negative impact on plant health, reducing significantly the biomass and photosynthetic efficiency.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuliana Drava
- Department of Pharmacy, University of Genoa, Genoa, Italy.
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Huang Y, Hatayama M, Inoue C. Characterization of As efflux from the roots of As hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata L. PLANTA 2011; 234:1275-1284. [PMID: 21789508 DOI: 10.1007/s00425-011-1480-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
In some plant species, various arsenic (As) species have been reported to efflux from the roots. However, the details of As efflux by the As hyperaccumulator Pteris vittata remain unknown. In this study, root As efflux was investigated for different phosphorus (P) supply conditions during or after a 24-h arsenate uptake experiment under hydroponic growth conditions. During an 8-h arsenate uptake experiment, P-supplied (P+) P. vittata exhibited much greater arsenite efflux relative to arsenate uptake when compared with P-deprived (P-) P. vittata, indicating that arsenite efflux was not proportional to arsenate uptake. In the As efflux experiment following 24 h of arsenate uptake, arsenate efflux was also observed with arsenite efflux in the external solution. All the results showed relatively low rates of arsenate efflux, ranging from 5.4 to 16.1% of the previously absorbed As, indicating that a low rate of arsenate efflux to the external solution is also a characteristic of P. vittata, as was reported with arsenite efflux. In conclusion, after 24 h of arsenate uptake, both P+ and P- P. vittata loaded/effluxed similar amounts of arsenite to the fronds and the external solution, indicating a similar process of xylem loading and efflux for arsenite, with the order of the arsenite concentrations being solution ≪ roots ≪ fronds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Huang
- Graduate School of Environmental Studies, Tohoku University, 6-6-20 Aoba, Aramaki, Aoba-ku, Sendai, Miyagi, 980-8579, Japan
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Pandey S, Rai R, Rai LC. Proteomics combines morphological, physiological and biochemical attributes to unravel the survival strategy of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 under arsenic stress. J Proteomics 2011; 75:921-37. [PMID: 22057044 DOI: 10.1016/j.jprot.2011.10.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/02/2011] [Revised: 09/13/2011] [Accepted: 10/17/2011] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
Proteomics in conjunction with morphological, physiological and biochemical variables has been employed for the first time to unravel survival strategies of the diazotrophic cyanobacterium Anabaena sp. PCC7120 under Arsenic (As) stress. Significant reduction in growth, carbon fixation, nitrogenase activity and chlorophyll content after 1 day (1d) and recovery after 15 days (15d) of As exposure indicates the acclimation of the test organism against As stress. The formation of akinete like structures is a novel observation never reported before in Anabaena sp. PCC7120. Proteomic characterization using 2-DE showed average 537, 422 and 439 spots in control, 1 and 15d treatment respectively. MALDI-TOF and LC-MS of As-treated Anabaena revealed a total of 45 differentially expressed proteins, of which 13 were novel (hypothetical) ones. Down-regulation of phosphoglycerate kinase (PGK), fructose bisphosphate aldolase II (FBA II), fructose 1,6 bisphosphatase (FBPase), transketolase (TK), and ATP synthase on day 1 and their significant recovery on the 15th day presumably maintained the glycolysis, pentose phosphate pathway (PPP) and turnover rate of Calvin cycle, hence survival of the test organism. Up-regulation of catalase (CAT), peroxiredoxin (Prx), thioredoxin (Trx) and oxidoreductase appears to protect the cells from oxidative stress. Appreciable induction in phytochelatin content (2.4 fold), GST activity (2.3 fold), and transcripts of phytochelatin synthase (5.0 fold), arsenate reductase (8.5 fold) and arsenite efflux genes - asr1102 (5.0 fold), alr1097 (4.7 fold) reiterates their role in As sequestration and shielding of the organism from As toxicity. While up-regulated metabolic and antioxidative defense proteins, phytochelatin and GST work synchronously, the ars genes play a central role in detoxification and survival of Anabaena under As stress. The proposed hypothetical model explains the interaction of metabolic proteins associated with the survival of Anabaena sp. PCC7120 under As stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Pandey
- Molecular Biology Section, Laboratory of Algal Biology, Center of Advanced Study in Botany, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi-221005, India
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Sayin S, Ozcan F, Yilmaz M. Preparation and Application of Calix[4]arene Derivatives Bearing Pyridinium Units-Grafted Magnetite Nanoparticles for Removal of Dichromate and Arsenate Anions. JOURNAL OF MACROMOLECULAR SCIENCE PART A-PURE AND APPLIED CHEMISTRY 2011. [DOI: 10.1080/10601325.2011.562466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Chang JS, Lee SY, Kim KW. Arsenic in an As-contaminated abandoned mine was mobilized from fern-rhizobium to frond-bacteria via the ars gene. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2010. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-009-3154-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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Xie QE, Yan XL, Liao XY, Li X. The arsenic hyperaccumulator fern Pteris vittata L. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2009; 43:8488-8495. [PMID: 20028042 DOI: 10.1021/es9014647] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
Arsenic (As) contaminated soils and waters are becoming major global environmental and human health risks. The identification of natural hyperaccumulators of As opens the door for phytoremediation of the arsenic contaminant. Pteris vittata is the first identified naturally evolving As hyperaccumulator. More than a decade after its discovery, we have made great progress in understanding the uptake, transport, and detoxification of As in the fern. The molecular mechanisms controlling As accumulation in P. vittata are now beginning to be recognized. In this review, we will try to summarize what we have learned about this As accumulator, with particular emphasis on the current knowledge of the physiological and molecular mechanisms of arsenic phytoremediation. We also discuss the potential strategies to further enhance phytoextraction abilities of P. vittata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing-En Xie
- State Key Laboratory of Plant Cell and Chromosome Engineering, Center of Agricultural Resources Research, Institute of Genetics and Developmental Biology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shijiazhuang, Hebei 050021, China
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Yu Y, Zhang S, Huang H, Luo L, Wen B. Arsenic accumulation and speciation in maize as affected by inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal fungus Glomus mosseae. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2009; 57:3695-701. [PMID: 19296577 DOI: 10.1021/jf900107y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Effects of inoculation with arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) fungus (Glomus mosseae) on arsenic (As) accumulation and speciation in maize were investigated by using As spiked soil at the application levels of 0, 25, 50, and 100 mg kg(-1). Inorganic As was the major species in plants, and mycorrhizal inoculation generally decreased concentrations of arsenite [As(III)] in maize roots and concentrations of As(III) and arsenate [As(V)] in the shoots. Dimethylarsenic acid (DMA) concentrations (detected in every plant sample) were higher in maize shoots for mycorrhizal than for nonmycorrhizal treatment, but no significant differences were observed for roots. Monomethylarsenic acid (MMA) was only detected in roots with mycorrhizal colonization. The uptake of As(V) was much lower by excised mycorrhizal than nonmycorrhizal roots, and the differences for the uptake of As(III) were negligible. Arsenate reductase (AR) activity was detected in maize roots, and it was reduced with mycorrhizal inoculation. Activities of peroxidase (POD) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were detected in both maize shoots and roots, and they were suppressed by mycorrhizal inoculation. AM inoculation inhibited the uptake of As(V) and its reduction to As(III), reducing oxidation stress and thereby alleviating As toxicity to the host plant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yang Yu
- State Key Laboratory of Environmental Chemistry and Ecotoxicology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, P.O. Box 2871, Beijing 100085, China
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