1
|
Zhang G, Pan X, Hu Y, Cao R, Hu Q, Fu R, Hamdulla R, Shang B. Both Short-term and Long-term Ozone Pollution Alters the Chemical Composition of rice Grain. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2024; 113:15. [PMID: 39068353 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-024-03927-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2024] [Accepted: 07/02/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
The increasing ground-level ozone (O3) is threatening food security, especially in Asian areas, where rice is one of the most important staple crops. O3 impacts on rice could be exacerbated by its spatiotemporal heterogeneity. To improve evaluation accuracy and develop effective adaptations, direct data is urgently needed. Studies on the short-term effects of O3 on rice grain, however, are lacking. Which may lead to an underestimation of the O3 impacts. Through a field experiment, we studied the responses of grain nitrogen, grain carbon, and grain protein in rice cultivars to elevated concentrations of O3 (40 ppb plus that in background air, eO3), especially examining the effects of short-term eO3 during different plant growth stages. We found that long-term eO3 increased grain nitrogen by 29.29% in a sensitive rice cultivar, and short-term eO3 at the tillering and jointing stages increased grain nitrogen by 19.31%, and the grain carbon to nitrogen ratio was decreased by 14.70%, and 21.14% by short-term and long-term eO3. Here we demonstrate that short-term eO3 may significantly affect the chemical composition of rice grains. Previous evaluations of the effects of eO3 may be underestimated. Moreover, changes in the grain nitrogen and grain protein were greater when the short-term eO3 was added to rice plants during the tillering and jointing stage, compared to heading and ripening stage. These results suggest that to improve the tolerance of rice to eO3 to achieve food security, studies on cultivar screening, as well as developing growth-stage-specific adaptations are needed in future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Guoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China.
| | - Xiaoya Pan
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Donghua University, ShangHai, 201620, China
- Changwang School of Honors, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Yaxin Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of the Environment, Nanjing University, Nanjing, 210023, China
- Changwang School of Honors, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Rong Cao
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Qinan Hu
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Risalat Hamdulla
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| | - Bo Shang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Ecology and Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, 210044, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Shang B, Tian T, Shen D, Du E, Agathokleous E, Feng Z. Can ethylenediurea (EDU) alter the effects of ozone on the source-sink regulation of nitrogen uptake and remobilization during grain filling period in rice? THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 920:171030. [PMID: 38367724 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.171030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 01/24/2024] [Accepted: 02/14/2024] [Indexed: 02/19/2024]
Abstract
Increased surface ozone (O3) pollution seriously threatens crop production, and ethylenediurea (EDU) can alleviate crop yield reduction caused by O3. However, the reason for the decrease in grain nitrogen (N) accumulation caused by O3 and whether EDU serves as N fertilizer remain unclear. An experiment was conducted to investigate the impacts of factorial combinations of O3 enrichment (ambient air plus 60 ppb) and EDU (foliage spray with 450 ppm solutions) on N concentration, accumulation and remobilization in hybrid rice seedlings. Compared to ambient condition, elevated O3 significantly inhibited the N accumulation in vegetative organs during anthesis and grain N accumulation during the maturity stage. Elevated O3 significantly decreased the total N accumulation during anthesis and maturity stages, with a greater impact at the latter stage. The decrease in grain N accumulation caused by O3 was attributed to a decrease in N remobilization of vegetative organs during the grain filling period as well as to a decrease in post-anthesis N uptake. However, there was no significant change in the proportion of N remobilization and N uptake in grain N accumulation. The inhibitory effect of O3 on N remobilization in the upper canopy leaves was greater than that in the lower canopy leaves. In addition, elevated O3 increased the N accumulation of panicles at the anthesis stage, mainly by resulting in earlier heading of rice. EDU only increased N accumulation at the maturity stage, which was mainly attributed to an increase in rice biomass by EDU. EDU had no significant effect on N concentration, N remobilization process, and N harvest index. The findings are helpful to better understand the utilization of N fertilizer by rice under O3 pollution, and can also provide a theoretical basis for sustainable nutrient management to alleviate the negative impact of O3 on crop yield and quality.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shang
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Tongtong Tian
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dongyun Shen
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Enzai Du
- State Key Laboratory of Earth Surface Processes and Resource Ecology, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China; School of Natural Resources, Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Paoletti E, Pagano M, Zhang L, Badea O, Hoshika Y. Allocation of Nutrients and Leaf Turnover Rate in Poplar under Ambient and Enriched Ozone Exposure and Soil Nutrient Manipulation. BIOLOGY 2024; 13:232. [PMID: 38666844 PMCID: PMC11048010 DOI: 10.3390/biology13040232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 03/29/2024] [Indexed: 04/28/2024]
Abstract
An excess of ozone (O3) is currently stressing plant ecosystems and may negatively affect the nutrient use of plants. Plants may modify leaf turnover rates and nutrient allocation at the organ level to counteract O3 damage. We investigated leaf turnover rate and allocation of primary (C, N, P, K) and secondary macronutrients (Ca, S, Mg) under various O3 treatments (ambient concentration, AA, with a daily hourly average of 35 ppb; 1.5 × AA; 2.0 × AA) and fertilization levels (N: 0 and 80 kg N ha-1 y-1; P: 0 and 80 kg N ha-1 y-1) in an O3-sensitive poplar clone (Oxford: Populus maximowiczii Henry × P. berolinensis Dippel) in a Free-Air Controlled Exposure (FACE) experiment. The results indicated that both fertilization and O3 had a significant impact on the nutrient content. Specifically, fertilization and O3 increased foliar C and N contents (+5.8% and +34.2%, respectively) and root Ca and Mg contents (+46.3% and +70.2%, respectively). Plants are known to increase the content of certain elements to mitigate the damage caused by high levels of O3. The leaf turnover rate was accelerated as a result of increased O3 exposure, indicating that O3 plays a main role in influencing this physiological parameter. A PCA result showed that O3 fumigation affected the overall allocation of primary and secondary elements depending on the organ (leaves, stems, roots). As a conclusion, such different patterns of element allocation in plant leaves in response to elevated O3 levels can have significant ecological implications.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena Paoletti
- IRET-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (Y.H.)
| | - Mario Pagano
- IRET-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (Y.H.)
| | - Lu Zhang
- College of Landscape and Architecture, Zhejiang A&F University, 666 Wusu Street, Hangzhou 311300, China;
| | - Ovidiu Badea
- National Institute for Research and Development in Forestry ‘Marin Drăcea’, 128, Eroilor Bvd., 077190 Voluntari, Romania;
- Faculty of Silviculture and Forest Engineering, Transilvania University, 1, Ludwig van Beethoven Street, 500123 Brasov, Romania
| | - Yasutomo Hoshika
- IRET-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, Sesto Fiorentino, 50019 Florence, Italy; (E.P.); (Y.H.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Agathokleous E, Kitao M, Hoshika Y, Haworth M, Tang Y, Koike T. Ethylenediurea protects against ozone phytotoxicity not by adding nitrogen or controlling stomata in a stomata-unresponsive hybrid poplar. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 875:162672. [PMID: 36894106 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162672] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/02/2023] [Revised: 03/01/2023] [Accepted: 03/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Ozone (O3) pollution is a persistent environmental issue worldwide, which causes widespread damage to vegetation, deteriorating plant health and reducing plant productivity. Ethylenediurea (EDU) is a synthetic chemical that has been widely applied in scientific studies as a protectant against O3 phytotoxicities. Despite four decades of active research, the exact mechanisms to explain its mode of action remain unclear. Here, we aimed to reveal whether EDU's phytoprotective property is due to its control over stomatal regulation and/or its action as a nitrogen (N) fertilizer, utilizing stomatal-unresponsive plants of a hybrid poplar (Populus koreana × trichocarpa cv. Peace) grown in a free-air O3-concenctration enrichment (FACE) facility. Plants were treated with water (WAT), EDU (400 mg L-1), or EDU's constitutive amount of N every nine days, and exposed to ambient (AOZ) or elevated (EOZ) O3 during a growing season (June-September). EOZ led to extensive foliar injuries (but protected against rust disease), lower photosynthetic rate (A), impaired dynamics of responses of A to changes in light intensity, and smaller total plant leaf area. EDU protected against common phytotoxicities caused by EOZ without inducing stomatal closure, since stomatal conductance (gs) was generally unresponsive to the experimental treatments. EDU also modulated the dynamic response of A to light fluctuations under O3 stress. N addition acted as a fertilizer but did not satisfactorily protect plants against O3 phytotoxicities. The results suggest that EDU protects against O3 phytotoxicity not by adding N or controlling stomata, which provides a new insight into our understanding of the mode of action of EDU as a protectant against O3 phytotoxicity.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios Agathokleous
- Research Center for Global Changes and Ecosystem Carbon Sequestration & Mitigation, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology (NUIST), Nanjing 210044, Jiangsu, China; Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Hokkaido, Japan; Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Sapporo 062-8516, Japan.
| | - Mitsutoshi Kitao
- Hokkaido Research Center, Forestry and Forest Products Research Institute (FFPRI), Sapporo 062-8516, Japan
| | - Yasutomo Hoshika
- IRET-CNR, Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Firenze, Italy
| | - Matthew Haworth
- National Research Council of Italy, Institute of Sustainable Plant Protection (CNR-IPSP), Via Madonna del Piano 10, 50019 Sesto Fiorentino, FI, Italy
| | - Yanhong Tang
- Department of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China; Institute of Ecology, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing 100871, China
| | - Takayoshi Koike
- Research Faculty of Agriculture, Hokkaido University, Sapporo 060-8589, Hokkaido, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Wang Q, Wang D, Agathokleous E, Cheng C, Shang B, Feng Z. Soil Microbial Community Involved in Nitrogen Cycling in Rice Fields Treated with Antiozonant under Ambient Ozone. Appl Environ Microbiol 2023; 89:e0018023. [PMID: 37022183 PMCID: PMC10132097 DOI: 10.1128/aem.00180-23] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 03/04/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Ethylenediurea (EDU) can effectively mitigate the crop yield loss caused by ozone (O3), a major, phytotoxic air pollutant. However, the relevant mechanisms are poorly understood, and the effect of EDU on soil ecosystems has not been comprehensively examined. In this study, a hybrid rice variety (Shenyou 63) was cultivated under ambient O3 and sprayed with 450 ppm EDU or water every 10 days. Real time quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) showed that EDU had no significant effect on the microbial abundance in either rhizospheric or bulk soils. By applying both metagenomic sequencing and the direct assembly of nitrogen (N)-cycling genes, EDU was found to decrease the abundance of functional genes related to nitrification and denitrification processes. Moreover, EDU increased the abundance of genes involved in N-fixing. Although the abundance of some functional genes did not change significantly, nonmetric multidimensional scaling (NMDS) and a principal coordinates analysis (PCoA) suggested that the microbial community structure involved in N cycling was altered by EDU. The relative abundances of nifH-and norB-harboring microbial genera in the rhizosphere responded differently to EDU, suggesting the existence of functional redundancy, which may play a key role in sustaining microbially mediated N-cycling under ambient O3. IMPORTANCE Ethylenediurea (EDU) is hitherto the most efficient phytoprotectant agent against O3 stress. However, the underlying biological mechanisms of its mode of action are not clear, and the effects of EDU on the environment are still unknown, limiting its large-scale application in agriculture. Due to its sensitivity to environmental changes, the microbial community can be used as an indicator to assess the environmental impacts of agricultural practices on soil quality. This study aimed to unravel the effects of EDU spray on the abundance, community structure, and ecological functions of microbial communities in the rhizosphere of rice plants. Our study provides a deep insight into the impact of EDU spray on microbial-mediated N cycling and the structure of N-cycling microbial communities. Our findings help to elucidate the mode of action of EDU in alleviating O3 stress in crops from the perspective of regulating the structure and function of the rhizospheric soil microbial community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Wang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Bo Shang
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Ecosystem Carbon Source and Sink, China Meteorological Administration (ECSS-CMA), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
- Collaborative Innovation Center on Forecast and Evaluation of Meteorological Disasters (CIC-FEMD), Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing, Jiangsu, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Shang B, Li Z, Yuan X, Xu Y, Feng Z. Effects of elevated ozone on the uptake and allocation of macronutrients in poplar saplings above- and belowground. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 851:158044. [PMID: 35981595 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.158044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/11/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Ground-level ozone (O3) is a secondary air pollutant and affects the roots and soil processes of trees. Therefore, O3 can affect the uptake and allocation of nutrients in trees, which merits further clarification. A fumigation experiment with five O3 levels was conducted in 15 open top chambers for two poplar clones, and the concentrations of six macronutrients (N, P, K, S, Ca, Mg) in different organs and leaf positions were determined. Under all O3 levels, the concentration of mobile nutrients (N and P) was higher in upper leaves than in lower leaves, while the non-mobile nutrients (Ca and S) concentration was the opposite. Relative to charcoal filtered ambient air (CF), high O3 treatment (NF60) significantly increased the concentration of mobile nutrients K and Mg in upper leaves by 38 % and 33 %, in lower leaves by 142 % and 65 %, respectively, which suggested the effect of O3 on their concentrations was greater at the lower leaf position than at the upper leaf position. Elevated O3 significantly increased the macronutrient concentrations in most organs. The effects of O3 on nutrient concentrations were attributed using graphical vector analysis, suggested that the increase of nutrient concentration in the shoots was attributed to excessive nutrient stocks, while their increase in root was attributed to the "concentration" effect. Compared to CF, NF60 also reduced the root-to-shoot ratio of N, P, S, K, Ca and Mg stocks by 34 %, 39 %, 37 %, 64 %, 46 % and 42 %, respectively, indicating the allocation of increased nutrients to shoots in response to O3 stress. Changes in the allocation pattern of nutrients in different leaf positions and organs of poplar were primarily in response to O3 stress since these nutrients play important roles in some physiological processes. These results will help improve the plantation nutrient utilization by optimizing fertilizer management regimes under O3 pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhengzhen Li
- Tea Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou 310008, China
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yansen Xu
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang Q, Liu Y, Su Y, Cheng C, Shang B, Agathokleous E, Feng Z. Effects of elevated ozone on bacterial communities inhabiting the phyllo- and endo-spheres of rice plants. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 830:154705. [PMID: 35318051 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2022] [Accepted: 03/16/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
To explore the effects of elevated ozone (O3) on microbial communities inhabiting phyllo- and endo-spheres of Japonica rice leaves, cultivars Nangeng 5055 (NG5055) and Wuyujing 27 (WYJ27) were grown in either charcoal-filtered air (CF) or elevated O3 (ambient O3 + 40 ppb, E-O3) in field open-top chambers (OTCs) during a growing season. E-O3 increased the values of the Shannon (43-80%) and Simpson (34-51%) indexes of the phyllo-and endo-spheric bacterial communities in NG5055. E-O3 also increased the values of the phyllosphere Simpson index by 58% and the endosphere Shannon index by 54% in WYJ27. Both diversity indexes positively correlated with the contents of nitrogen, phosphorus, magnesium, and soluble sugar, and negatively correlated with the contents of starch and condensed tannins. The leaf-associated bacterial community composition significantly changed in both rice cultivars under E-O3. Moreover, the leaf-associated bacterial communities in NG5055 were more sensitive to E-O3 than those in WYJ27. The chemical properties explained 70% and 98% of variations in the phyllosphere and endosphere bacterial communities, respectively, suggesting a predominant role of chemical status for the endospheric bacterial community. Most variation (57.3%) in the endosphere bacterial community assembly was explained by phosphorus. Gammaproteobacteria and Pantoea were found to be the most abundant class (63-76%) and genus (38-48%) in the phyllosphere and endosphere, respectively. E-O3 significantly increased the relative abundance of Bacteroidetes in the phyllosphere bacterial community and decreased the relative abundance of Gammaproteobacteria in the endophytic community. In conclusion, elevated O3 increased the diversity of bacterial communities of leaf phyllosphere and endosphere, and leaf chemical properties had a more pronounced effect on the endosphere bacterial community.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Qi Wang
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yuanyuan Liu
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Yi Su
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Cheng Cheng
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Bo Shang
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing 210044, China.
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Jiang Y, Chen D, Yang P, Ning W, Cao M, Luo J. Influences of elevated O 3 and CO 2 on Cd distribution in different Festuca arundinacea tissues. CHEMOSPHERE 2022; 290:133343. [PMID: 34922963 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.133343] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
It is necessary to reveal the responses of the biomass production and metal accumulation capacity of different plants to the variations of atmospheric conditions and soil metals, with the acceleration of urbanization and industrialization. In the present study, a series of experiments were designed to study the individual and interactive influences of O3 and CO2 fumigation on the biomass yield, variation in different leaf types, distribution of cadmium (Cd) in various tissues, and phytoremediation efficiency of Festuca arundinacea using open top chambers. The results found that an elevated O3 content of 80 ppb, a potential O3 content predicted for 2050, decreased the total dry mass of F. arundinacea and increased the proportion of falling leaf tissues of the species significantly. Under the same ambient CO2 levels, O3 fumigation increased the Cd concentrations in the roots and the fresh, mature, senescent, and dead leaf tissues by 27.8%, 133.3%, 94.4%, 125.3%, and 48.6%, respectively. An elevated CO2 content (550 ppm) promoted the biomass yield of F. arundinacea, particularly in the falling leaf tissues. The results of the combined O3 and CO2 treatment showed that CO2 fumigation alleviated the negative effects of O3 on plant growth and increased the accumulation capacity in different plant tissues. Significantly more Cd was accumulated in senescent and dead leaves under the synergistic action of CO2 and O3, suggesting that the phytoremediation effect on F. arundinacea using the falling leaves harvesting method could be improved under the future atmospheric environment of high CO2 and O3 levels.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Jiang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Dan Chen
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Pan Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Wenjing Ning
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Cao
- University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Shang B, Fu R, Agathokleous E, Dai L, Zhang G, Wu R, Feng Z. Ethylenediurea offers moderate protection against ozone-induced rice yield loss under high ozone pollution. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 806:151341. [PMID: 34728207 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.151341] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2021] [Revised: 10/19/2021] [Accepted: 10/27/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Tropospheric ozone (O3) is the main phytotoxic air pollutant threatening food security, while ethylenediurea (EDU) can effectively mitigate O3-induced crop yield loss. EDU's mode of action, however, remains unclear, and the underlying physiological mechanisms of mitigating O3-induced crop yield loss are poorly understood. We cultivated hybrid rice seedlings under two O3 treatments (NF, nonfiltered ambient air; and NF60, ambient air plus 60 ppb O3) and sprayed foliage with 0 or 450 ppm EDU every ten days and determine photosynthesis-related traits, biomass indicators, and yield components. We found that EDU significantly increased the leaf nitrogen (N) allocation to photosynthesis (NP) and the grain N accumulation, while the grain N accumulation was positively correlated with NP and root biomass. EDU significantly increased the rice yield mainly by increasing the individual grain weight rather than the number of panicles and grains. While EDU protected from yield loss, the degree of protection was only 31% under NF60 treatment, thus EDU was unable to offer complete protection under high O3 pollution. These results will be conducive to a better understanding of the EDU protection mechanism and better application of EDU under high O3 pollution in the future.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Bo Shang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Rao Fu
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Lulu Dai
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China; Rural Energy and Environment Agency, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Beijing, China
| | - Guoyou Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Rongjun Wu
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology, Nanjing, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Han L, Yang G, Qin Y, Wang H, Cao M, Luo J. Impact of O 3 on the phytoremediation effect of Celosia argentea in decontaminating Cd. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:128940. [PMID: 33218720 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.128940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2020] [Revised: 10/28/2020] [Accepted: 11/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Elevated atmospheric O3 can inhibit the growth rate of various plants and increase metal content in their tissues owing to the oxidative damage, thereby affecting their phytoremediation efficiency. In this study, a series of O3 fumigation treatments were designed to evaluate the dry weight, Cd content, and transpiration rate responses of Celosia argentea to different levels of O3 (40, 50, 55, 60, 65, and 80 ppb). The dry weight of C. argentea decreased as the atmospheric O3 level increased, and the Cd concentration of the plant leaves increased until the level of O3 reached 60 ppb before decreasing slightly. The variations in the transpiration rate followed a similar trend to the Cd content under different O3 levels. The phytoremediation efficiency of C. argentea increased with O3 fumigation at low (50 ppb) and moderate (55 and 60 ppb) levels, and significantly decreased at the highest level. The regression curves indicated that the plant species treated with 52 ppb of O3 exhibited the highest Cd accumulation capacity. Overall, the phytoremediation effect of C. argentea cultivated in Cd-polluted soil might be improved under the high-O3 conditions. This result might help to choose suitable plants for soil remediation in future atmospheric environment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lijie Han
- China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, China
| | - Ge Yang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Yaping Qin
- The Laboratory of the Fifth Brigade of Guangdong Geological Bureau, Zhaoqing, China
| | - Hanfei Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China
| | - Min Cao
- University of Leicester, University Road, Leicester, LE1 7RH, United Kingdom
| | - Jie Luo
- College of Resources and Environment, Yangtze University, Wuhan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Agathokleous E, Feng Z, Oksanen E, Sicard P, Wang Q, Saitanis CJ, Araminiene V, Blande JD, Hayes F, Calatayud V, Domingos M, Veresoglou SD, Peñuelas J, Wardle DA, De Marco A, Li Z, Harmens H, Yuan X, Vitale M, Paoletti E. Ozone affects plant, insect, and soil microbial communities: A threat to terrestrial ecosystems and biodiversity. SCIENCE ADVANCES 2020; 6:eabc1176. [PMID: 32851188 PMCID: PMC7423369 DOI: 10.1126/sciadv.abc1176] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2020] [Accepted: 06/29/2020] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Elevated tropospheric ozone concentrations induce adverse effects in plants. We reviewed how ozone affects (i) the composition and diversity of plant communities by affecting key physiological traits; (ii) foliar chemistry and the emission of volatiles, thereby affecting plant-plant competition, plant-insect interactions, and the composition of insect communities; and (iii) plant-soil-microbe interactions and the composition of soil communities by disrupting plant litterfall and altering root exudation, soil enzymatic activities, decomposition, and nutrient cycling. The community composition of soil microbes is consequently changed, and alpha diversity is often reduced. The effects depend on the environment and vary across space and time. We suggest that Atlantic islands in the Northern Hemisphere, the Mediterranean Basin, equatorial Africa, Ethiopia, the Indian coastline, the Himalayan region, southern Asia, and Japan have high endemic richness at high ozone risk by 2100.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Elina Oksanen
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, POB 111, 80101 Joensuu, Finland
| | - Pierre Sicard
- ARGANS, 260 route du Pin Montard, 06410 Biot, France
| | - Qi Wang
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, Institute of Ecology, School of Applied Meteorology, Nanjing University of Information Science and Technology, Nanjing 210044, China
| | - Costas J. Saitanis
- Lab of Ecology and Environmental Science, Agricultural University of Athens, Iera Odos 75, Athens 11855, Greece
| | - Valda Araminiene
- Institute of Forestry, Lithuanian Research Centre for Agriculture and Forestry, Girionys 53101 Kaunas District, Lithuania
| | - James D. Blande
- Department of Environmental and Biological Sciences, University of Eastern Finland, P.O. Box 1627, FI-70211 Kuopio, Finland
| | - Felicity Hayes
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Vicent Calatayud
- Fundación CEAM, c/Charles R. Darwin 14, Parque Tecnológico, Paterna, Valencia 46980, Spain
| | - Marisa Domingos
- Instituto de Botânica, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ecologia, PO Box 68041, 04045-972 São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Stavros D. Veresoglou
- Freie Universität Berlin-Institut für Biologie, Dahlem Center of Plant Sciences, Plant Ecology, Berlin, Germany
| | - Josep Peñuelas
- Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas, Global Ecology Unit CREAF-CSIC-UAB, Bellaterra, Catalonia E-08193, Spain
- CREAF, Cerdanyola del Vallès, Catalonia E-08193, Spain
| | - David A. Wardle
- Asian School of the Environment, Nanyang Technological University, 50 Nanyang Avenue, Singapore 639798, Singapore
| | - Alessandra De Marco
- Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and the Environment (ENEA), C.R. Casaccia, S. Maria di Galeria, Rome I-00123, Italy
| | - Zhengzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Harry Harmens
- UK Centre for Ecology and Hydrology, Environment Centre Wales, Deiniol Road, Bangor, Gwynedd LL57 2UW, UK
| | - Xiangyang Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shuangqing Road 18, Haidian District, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Marcello Vitale
- Department of Environmental Biology, Sapienza University of Rome, Piazzale Aldo Moro 5, Rome I-00185, Italy
| | - Elena Paoletti
- Institute of Research on Terrestrial Ecosystems (IRET), National Research Council of Italy (CNR), Via Madonna del Piano 10, I-50019 Sesto Fiorentino, Italy
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Xu S, He X, Burkey K, Chen W, Li P, Li Y, Li B, Wang Y. Ethylenediurea (EDU) pretreatment alleviated the adverse effects of elevated O 3 on Populus alba "Berolinensis" in an urban area. J Environ Sci (China) 2019; 84:42-50. [PMID: 31284915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jes.2019.04.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2019] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 04/17/2019] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Ethylenediurea (EDU) has been used as a chemical protectant against ozone (O3). However, its protective effect and physiological mechanisms are still uncertain. The present study aimed to investigate the changes of foliar visible injury, physiological characteristics and emission rates of volatile organic compounds (VOCs) in one-year-old Populus alba "Berolinensis" saplings pretreated with EDU and exposed to elevated O3 (EO, 120 μg/m3). The results showed that foliar visible injury symptoms under EO were significantly alleviated in plants with EDU application (p < 0.05). Under EO, net photosynthetic rate, the maximum photochemical efficiency of PSII and the photochemical efficiency of PSII of plants pretreated with 300 and 600 mg/L EDU were similar to unexposed controls and significantly higher compared to EO-stressed plants without EDU pretreatment, respectively. Malondialdehyde content was highest in EO without EDU and decreased significantly by 14.9% and 21.3% with 300 and 600 mg/L EDU pretreatment, respectively. EDU pretreatment alone increased superoxide dismutase activity by 10-fold in unexposed plants with further increases of 88.4% and 37.5% in EO plants pretreated with 300 and 600 mg/L EDU pretreatment, respectively (p < 0.05). Abscisic acid content declined under EO relative to unexposed controls with the effect partially reversed by EDU pretreatments. Similarly, VOCs emission rate declined under EO relative to unexposed plants with a recovery of emission rate observed with 300 and 600 mg/L EDU pretreatment. These findings provided significant evidence that EDU exerted a beneficial effect and protection on the tested plants against O3 stress.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sheng Xu
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Xingyuan He
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Kent Burkey
- Plant Science Research Unit, USDA-ARS, Raleigh, NC 27616, USA
| | - Wei Chen
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Pin Li
- Research Center for Eco-environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China
| | - Yan Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Bo Li
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Yijing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Forest Ecology and Management, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang 110016, China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Feng Z, Shang B, Li Z, Calatayud V, Agathokleous E. Ozone will remain a threat for plants independently of nitrogen load. Funct Ecol 2019. [DOI: 10.1111/1365-2435.13422] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Zhaozhong Feng
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Institute of Ecology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China
| | - Bo Shang
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | - Zhengzhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Urban and Regional Ecology, Research Center for Eco‐Environmental Sciences Chinese Academy of Sciences Beijing China
| | | | - Evgenios Agathokleous
- Key Laboratory of Agrometeorology of Jiangsu Province, School of Applied Meteorology, Institute of Ecology Nanjing University of Information Science & Technology Nanjing China
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Sha Z, Watanabe T, Chu Q, Oka N, Osaki M, Shinano T. A Reduced Phosphorus Application Rate Using a Mycorrhizal Plant as the Preceding Crop Maintains Soybean Seeds' Nutritional Quality. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:32-42. [PMID: 30525606 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.8b05288] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
We tested whether introducing an arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-host plant with a reduced P application rate could maintain soybean seeds' nutrient quality. The dynamic variation of 14 nutrients was analyzed in source and sink organs during the seed-filling stage. The AMF-host and non-AMF-host plants, sunflower and mustard, were grown as preceding crops (PCs). Soybeans, the succeeding crops, were planted with three different phosphorus levels, namely, 0, 50, and 150 kg P2O5 ha-1. The results showed that the AMF-host PC with a reduced P application rate maintained the seed's yield and nutrients quality. During the seed-filling stage, the AMF-host PC with a reduced P application rate increased the uptake of most nutrients compared to the non-AMF-host PC, and improved the remobilization efficiency of all nutrients except Mn, Fe, and Se, compared to the optimal P application rate. These results could help improve the utilization efficiency of P fertilizers and protect soybeans' nutritional value.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhimin Sha
- Graduate School of Agriculture and Biology , Shanghai Jiaotong University , 200240 , Shanghai , China
- Graduate School of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , 062-8555 , Japan
| | - Toshihiro Watanabe
- Graduate School of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , 062-8555 , Japan
| | - Qingnan Chu
- Graduate School of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , 062-8555 , Japan
- Institute of Agricultural Resources and Environment , Jiangsu Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Nanjing , 210014 , China
- School of Animal, Rural and Environmental Sciences , Nottingham Trent University , Brackenhurst Campus, Nottingham NG2500F , U.K
| | - Norikuni Oka
- Hokkaido Agricultural Research Center/NARO , Sapporo , 062-8555 , Japan
| | - Mitsuru Osaki
- Graduate School of Agriculture , Hokkaido University , Sapporo , 062-8555 , Japan
| | - Takuro Shinano
- Tohoku Agricultural Research Center/NARO , Fukushima , 960-2156 , Japan
| |
Collapse
|