1
|
Huang Y, Zhang X, Li Z. Analysis of nationwide soil pesticide pollution: Insights from China. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118988. [PMID: 38663666 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118988] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2024] [Revised: 04/02/2024] [Accepted: 04/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/12/2024]
Abstract
China is a typical agricultural country that heavily relies on pesticides. Some pesticides can remain in the soil after application and thus pose a significant threat to human health. In order to characterize the status and hazards of nationwide soil contamination, this study extracted concentration data from published literature and analyzed them by a scoring approach, standard comparison and health risk assessment. For the soil pollution score, northern regions got the highest values, such as Henan (0.63), Liaoning (0.55), Heilongjiang (0.54) and Jilin (0.53), which implies high soil pesticide residues in these provinces. In contrast, Qinghai (-0.77), Guizhou (-0.64) and Tibet (-0.63) had lower scores. China's soil pesticide standards cover only 16 pesticides, and these pesticide concentrations were all below the corresponding standards. Direct exposure to soil pesticides in this study generally posed a negligible risk to children. Furthermore, pesticide dissipation and usage intensity in each province were analyzed as they were possible influences on pollution. The result showed that soil in the northern regions could accumulate more pesticides than those in the southern regions, and this geographic pattern was basically consistent with the distribution of soil pollution. However, the relationship between agricultural activities and soil pollution was less well characterized. It is recommended to establish a long-term monitoring database for pesticides and include more pesticides in regulatory frameworks. Additionally, efforts to accelerate pesticide degradation and shift the planting structure to reduce pesticide usage can help alleviate the pressure on soil from pesticides. This study can serve as a critical reference for policymakers and stakeholders in the field of agriculture.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yabi Huang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Xiaoyu Zhang
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China
| | - Zijian Li
- School of Public Health (Shenzhen), Sun Yat-sen University, Shenzhen, Guangdong, 518107, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Ding Y, Qin S, Huang H, Tang X, Li X, Zhang Y, Chen W, Nguyen LP, Qi S. Selected pesticidal POPs and metabolites in the soil of five Vietnamese cities: Sources, fate, and health risk implications. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 342:123043. [PMID: 38036093 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2023.123043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2023] [Revised: 11/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/23/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023]
Abstract
Large quantities of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) have been used in tropical regions. The fate processes and risks of these legacy contaminants in the tropics are poorly understood. Herein, we investigated the occurrence of three classes of widely used OCPs and their metabolites in surface and core soil from five cities across Vietnam with a prevalent tropical monsoon climate and a long history of OCP application. We aimed to elucidate migration potentials, degradation conditions, and transformation pathways and assess current health risks of these contaminants. Generally, the concentrations of OCPs and metabolites in the soil core were slightly lower than those in surface soil except for hexachlorocyclohexane (HCH) isomers. 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1,1-trichloroethane (p,p'-DDT), 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethylene (p,p'-DDE), the sum of dicofol and 4,4'-dichlorobenzophenone (p,p'-DBP), and 2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1,1-dichloroethane (p,p'-DDD) were the most abundant compounds in both surface and core soils. A uniform distribution of HCHs (the sum of α-, β-, γ-, and δ-HCH) at trace levels was found in almost all soils, serving as evidence of the lack of recent use of HCH pesticides. Higher concentrations of DDTs (the sum of DDT, DDD, and DDE) were observed in north-central Vietnamese soil, whereas appreciable concentrations of ENDs (the sum of α- and β-endosulfan and endosulfan sulfate) were only found in southern Vietnamese soils. Empirical diagnostic ratios indicated residuals of DDTs were mainly from technical DDT rather than dicofol, whereas aged HCHs could be explained by the mixture of lindane and technical HCH. Both historical applications and recent input explain DDTs and ENDs in Vietnamese soil. Total organic carbon performs well in preventing vertical migration of more hydrophobic DDTs and ENDs. The dominant transformation pathway of DDT in surface soil followed p,p'-DDE→2,2-bis(4-chlorophenyl)-1-chloroethylene or p,p'-DDMU→1,1-bis(4-chlorophenyl)ethylene or p,p'-DDNU→p,p'-DBP, whereas the amount of p,p'-DDMU converted from p,p'-DDD and p,p'-DDE is similar in soil core. Non-cancer risks of OCPs and metabolites in all soils and cancer risks of those chemicals in core soils were below the safety threshold, whereas a small proportion of surface soil exhibited potential cancer risk after considering the exposure pathway of vegetable intake. This study implied that organic matter in non-rainforest tropical deep soils still could hinder the leaching of hydrophobic organic contaminants as in subtropical and temperate soils. When lands with a history of OCP application are used for agricultural purposes, dietary-related risks need to be carefully assessed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yang Ding
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China.
| | - Shibin Qin
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China; Institute of Eco-Environment Research, Guangxi Academy of Sciences, Nanning, 530007, China
| | - Huanfang Huang
- State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Water Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Ecology and Environment, Guangzhou, 510530, China
| | - Xiaoyan Tang
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Xiushuang Li
- Key Laboratory of Land Resources Evaluation and Monitoring in Southwest, Ministry of Education, Sichuan Normal University, Chengdu, 610066, China
| | - Yuan Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Wenwen Chen
- College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Guilin University of Technology, Guilin, 541004, China
| | - Lan-Phuong Nguyen
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China
| | - Shihua Qi
- State Key Laboratory of Biogeology and Environmental Geology & School of Environmental Studies, China University of Geosciences, Wuhan, 430078, China.
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Zhou X, Wang T, Wang J, Chen S, Ling W. Research progress and prospect of glomalin-related soil protein in the remediation of slightly contaminated soil. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 344:140394. [PMID: 37813247 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.140394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2023] [Revised: 09/13/2023] [Accepted: 10/06/2023] [Indexed: 10/11/2023]
Abstract
Soil pollution caused by organic pollutants and potentially toxic elements poses a serious threat to sustainable agricultural development, global food security and human health. Therefore, strategies for reducing soil pollution are urgently required. Arbuscular mycorrhizal fungi (AMF)-assisted phytoremediation is widely recognized for its ability to remediate slightly-contaminated soil. Glomalin-related soil protein (GRSP) production by AMF is considered a vital mechanism of AMF-assisted phytoremediation. GRSP is widespread in soils and may contribute to the remediation of slightly contaminated soils. GRSP facilitates stabilization of pollutants in soils by interacting with pollutants owing to its abundant functional groups, recalcitrance, and long turnover time. It also enhances soil bioremediation and phytoremediation by stimulating soil microbial activity, improving soil structure, and providing nutrients for plants. However, research on GRSP is still in its early stages, and studies on contaminated soil remediation are limited. The effectiveness of GRSP in situ remediation remains to be proved. This review summarizes current knowledge regarding the GRSP distribution and its contribution to the remediation of slightly contaminated soils. Additionally, we present strategies to increase the GRSP content in contaminated soils, as well as prospects for future studies on the use of GRSP in contaminated soil remediation. This study focuses on recent developments that aim to improve awareness of the role of GRSP in soil remediation and relevant future directions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xian Zhou
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Tingting Wang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Jian Wang
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China.
| | - Shuang Chen
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| | - Wanting Ling
- Institute of Organic Contaminant Control and Soil Remediation, College of Resources and Environmental Sciences, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing, 210095, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zhou Y, Pan S. Simulated phytoremediation by root exudates of Sudan grass of soil organochlorine pesticides: impact on the rhizosphere microbial community. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:115600-115610. [PMID: 37884721 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-30591-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2023] [Accepted: 10/17/2023] [Indexed: 10/28/2023]
Abstract
The present work aims to study the efficiency of root exudates of Sudan grass on the degradation of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) and the consequent impact on the microbial and ecological characteristics of the soil, including population composition, quantity dynamics, and community structure. Pot experiments were carried out to study the effect of root exudates on the degradation of OCPs at initial concentrations ranging from 66.67 to 343.61 mg/kg. In addition, the influence of root exudates on the rhizosphere microbial growth and their community structure was studied by monitoring the microbial biomass carbon, microbial biomass nitrogen, and phospholipid fatty acids (PLFAs) in the soils. In the range of OCP content (66.67 ~ 343.61 mg/kg), the soil-microbial system mediated by root exudates significantly promoted the removal of OCP pollutants. The removal rate of OCPs in the rhizosphere soil (TR2) was as high as 79.32%, 36.86% higher than that in the OCP-contaminated group (TR1) and 60.63% higher than that in the sterilized treatment group (CK). Under the same treatment conditions (pollution level and additive dose), the enhanced removal rate of HCHs, toxaphene, HCB, aldrin, and γ-chlordane by root exudates was much higher than the total amount of OCPs, while the extent of enhanced dissipation of DDTs, mirex, endosulfanI, dieldrin, and heptachlor epoxide was always lower than that in the corresponding soils. During the experiment, the phospholipid fatty acid content of bacteria was dominant, followed by that of fungi, and their variation trend was consistent with the degradation characteristics of OCPs in soil. Root exudates of Sudan grass might change the rhizosphere bacterial and fungal community structure during the process of phytoremediation, leading to enhanced OCP degradation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiao Zhou
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China
- Key Laboratory of Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, Hunan, China
| | - Shengwang Pan
- Department of Food and Biological Engineering, Chengdu University, Chengdu, 610106, Sichuan, China.
- Guangxi Key Laboratory of Water Engineering Materials and Structures, Nanning, 530000, Guangxi, China.
- Key Laboratory of Highway Engineering of Ministry of Education, Changsha University of Science & Technology, Changsha, 410114, Hunan, China.
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zuo W, Lin Q, Liu X, Lv L, Zhang C, Wu S, Cheng X, Yu Y, Tang T. Spatio-temporal distribution of organochlorine pesticides in agricultural soils of southeast China during 2014-2019. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2023:116274. [PMID: 37276974 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.116274] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are organic pollutants that are persistent and undegradable in the environment. To investigate their residual concentrations, spatial and temporal distributions, and the relationship with the crops planted, 12 individual OCPs in 687 soil samples from Jiangsu, Zhejiang and Jiangxi provinces of southeast China were examined. The detection frequencies of OCPs in the studied areas were 1.89%-64.9%. The concentrations of dichloro-diphenyl-trichloroethanes (DDTs), hexachlorocyclohexanes (HCHs), and endosulfans ranged from 0.01 to 5659 μg/kg, 0.03-3.58 μg/kg, and 0.05-3235 μg/kg, respectively. Jiangsu was mainly contaminated by p,p'-DDT, p,p'-DDD and endosulfan sulfate, Zhejiang was more polluted by OCPs except δ-HCH, and Jiangxi was more vulnerable to the contamination of OCPs except o,p'-DDE. The partial least-squares discrimination analysis (PLS-DA) model with RX2 36.3-36.8% revealed that compounds with similar chemical properties tended to appear in the same year and month. All crop lands were polluted by DDTs and Endosulfans. The highest concentrations of DDTs and Endosulfans were found in citrus and vegetable fields, respectively. This study offers new insight into the layout and partitioning of OCPs in agricultural land and into insecticide management on public health and ecological safety.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Wei Zuo
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| | - Qin Lin
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xinju Liu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Lu Lv
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Chunrong Zhang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Shenggan Wu
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Xi Cheng
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China
| | - Yijun Yu
- Zhejiang Cultivated Land Quality and Fertilizer Management Station, Hangzhou, 310020, China.
| | - Tao Tang
- State Key Laboratory for Managing Biotic and Chemical Threats to the Quality and Safety of Agro-Products, Key Laboratory for Pesticide Residue Detection of Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Institute of Agro-Product Safety and Nutrition, Zhejiang Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hangzhou, 310021, China.
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Wondimu KT, Geletu AK. Residue analysis of selected organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides in commercial tomato fruits by gas chromatography mass spectrometry. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14121. [PMID: 36923857 PMCID: PMC10008975 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14121] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2022] [Revised: 02/22/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/02/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, analysis of some selected organophosphorus and organochlorine pesticides was carried out in tomato samples collected from the markets of Mettu town, Ilu Aba Bora Zone, Oromia, Ethiopia. The quick, Easy, Cheap, Effective, Rugged, and Safe (QuEChERS) method was used for the extraction of collected samples using acetonitrile with 1% acetic acid, anhydrous magnesium sulfate, and anhydrous sodium acetate, followed by dispersive solid-phase extraction (d-SPE). Chromatographic separation and quantitative determination of the pesticides were performed by gas chromatography equipped with a mass spectrometer. The calibration curves for each analyte constructed in tomato samples were linear in the concentration range of 2-200 μg/kg with R2 > 0.99 and the LODs and LOQs of the method were in the range of 0.01-0.04 μg/kg and 0.04-0.13 μg/kg, respectively. The recovery and precision study results were within acceptable standard guidelines. Of the fourteen pesticides tested, chlordane, hexachlorobenzene, 4, 4'-DDE, 4, 4'-DDD, 4, 4'- DDT, and profenofos were detected at 0.15, 0.09, 0.17, 0.032, 1.24 and 0.062 μg/kg, respectively. Despite the concentrations of the detected pesticides being lower than the maximum residue limit recommended by FAO/WHO, the presence of these toxic chemicals in tomatoes indicates product contamination and requires extensive further investigation with the inclusion of other pesticides.
Collapse
|
7
|
Wang N, Cui Z, Wang Y, Zhang J. Characteristics and Residual Health Risk of Organochlorine Pesticides in Fresh Vegetables in the Suburb of Changchun, Northeast China. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12547. [PMID: 36231851 PMCID: PMC9566688 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912547] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2022] [Revised: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 09/26/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In this study, eleven organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in fresh vegetables in the Changchun suburb were investigated, and their potential health risks were evaluated. The average concentrations of OCPs in edible parts of vegetables were found in the following descending order: Σhexachlorocyclohexanes (ΣHCHs) (6.60 µg·kg-1) > Σdichlorodiphenyltrichloroethanes (ΣDDTs) (5.82 µg·kg-1) > ΣChlordanes (2.37 µg·kg-1) > heptachlor (0.29 µg·kg-1). Moreover, OCPs in different types of vegetables exceeded the maximum residue limits (MRLs), and the exceeding rates in various vegetables decreased in the following order: leafy vegetables (19.12%) > root vegetables (18.75%) > fruit vegetables (3.85%). The proportions of OCPs exceeding MRL in different vegetables were found in the following descending order: Welsh onion (22.50%) > radish (18.75%) > Chinese cabbage (14.29%) > pepper (6.90%) > cucumber (3.23%) > eggplant (2.94%) > tomato (2.78%). The sources' identification results showed that DDTs in vegetables came mainly from newly imported technical DDTs and dicofol, while HCHs originated mainly from lindane. For both adults and children, the average target hazard quotients (avg. THQ) were all less than 1, and the average hazard index (avg. HI) values were 0.043 and 0.036, respectively. There were no significant health risks associated with OCP exposure for the inhabitants of the study area.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nan Wang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Zhengwu Cui
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Yang Wang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun 130102, China
| | - Jingjing Zhang
- College of Resources and Environment, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou 450002, China
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Colin F, Cohen GJV, Delerue F, Chéry P, Atteia O. Status of Dieldrin in vegetable growing soils across a peri-urban agricultural area according to an adapted sampling strategy. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 295:118666. [PMID: 34896399 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.118666] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Revised: 12/07/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Since the fifties, organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) had been used in agriculture to protect vegetables. Two decades after their ban by the Stockholm convention in 2001, OCPs are still present in agricultural soils inducing vegetable contamination with concentrations above Maximum Residue Level (MRL). This is a major concern for a 5 km2 peri-urban vegetable growing valley located in the south west of France. In the present work, the sampling method was developed to clarify the spatial distribution of one OCP, Dieldrin, and its relationship with soil properties at the scale of study area. A total of 99 soil samples was collected for physicochemical analyses and Dieldrin concentrations. Results show Dieldrin concentrations in soils up to 204 μg kg-1. The horizontal distribution of this pesticide is heterogeneous at the study area scale but homogeneous in each reference plot studied. About 85% of the contamination was located in the top soil layers (0-40 cm depth), but Dieldrin may still be quantified at a depth of 80 cm. Among all soil physicochemical parameters analysed, SOM was the most significantly related (P < 10-4) with Dieldrin concentrations, once different grain size fractions were considered. Moreover, results indicate a 33 times higher Dieldrin concentration and/or extractability for coarse sand than for other grain size fractions. These results show that the developed sampling method is adapted for the study area scale as it helps understanding the factors influencing the spatial distribution of Dieldrin. Historical amendments are the predominant factor for the horizontal contamination and deep ploughing for the vertical contamination. Also, the variations of coarse sand repartition in soils prevents identification of relationships between SOM and Dieldrin contamination in bulk soil. Further investigation is required to explain these relationships but these results highlight why no clear relationship between OCPs and SOM was previously identified.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Félix Colin
- EA 4592 G&E, Bordeaux INP, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Carnot ISIFoR, 1 Allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France; Bordeaux Métropole, Esplanade Charles de Gaulle, 33000, Bordeaux, France.
| | - Grégory J V Cohen
- EA 4592 G&E, Bordeaux INP, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Carnot ISIFoR, 1 Allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Florian Delerue
- EA 4592 G&E, Bordeaux INP, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Carnot ISIFoR, 1 Allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Philippe Chéry
- EA 4592 G&E, Bordeaux INP, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Carnot ISIFoR, 1 Allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France
| | - Olivier Atteia
- EA 4592 G&E, Bordeaux INP, Université Bordeaux Montaigne, Carnot ISIFoR, 1 Allée F. Daguin, 33607, Pessac, France
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Keswani C, Dilnashin H, Birla H, Roy P, Tyagi RK, Singh D, Rajput VD, Minkina T, Singh SP. Global footprints of organochlorine pesticides: a pan-global survey. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:149-177. [PMID: 34027568 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00946-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 05/16/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) are ubiquitous environmental contaminants widely used all over the world. These chlorinated hydrocarbons are toxic and often cause detrimental health effects because of their long shelf life and bioaccumulation in the adipose tissues of primates. OCP exposure to humans occurs through skin, inhalation and contaminated foods including milk and dairy products, whereas developing fetus and neonates are exposed through placental transfer and lactation, respectively. In 1960s, OCPs were banned in most developed countries, but because they are cheap and easily available, they are still widely used in most third world countries. The overuse or misuse of OCPs has been rising continuously which pose threats to environmental and human health. This review reports the comparative occurrence of OCPs in human and bovine milk samples around the globe and portrays the negative impacts encountered through the long history of OCP use.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chetan Keswani
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Hagera Dilnashin
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Hareram Birla
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India
| | - Partha Roy
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology-Roorkee, Roorkee, 247667, India
| | - Rakesh K Tyagi
- Special Centre for Molecular Medicine, Jawaharlal Nehru University, New Delhi, 110067, India
| | - Dheer Singh
- Animal Biochemistry Division, National Dairy Research Institute, Karnal, 132001, India
| | - Vishnu D Rajput
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
| | - Tatiana Minkina
- Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Southern Federal University, Rostov-on-Don, 344006, Russia
| | - Surya P Singh
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Science, Banaras Hindu University, Varanasi, 221005, India.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Tadesse AW. Occurrences, Potential Sources and Health Impacts of Organochlorine Pesticides in Soil from Wuhan, Central China. BULLETIN OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 107:296-311. [PMID: 33978773 DOI: 10.1007/s00128-021-03245-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/19/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
This study was designed to determine the occurrence, potential sources, human and ecological risks of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in soil from Wuhan, central China. The soil samples were collected from twenty-six sites at soil depth of 1-20 cm from three land-use types and analyzed for the presence of eight OCPs. The instrumental analysis was carried out using Gas Chromatography-Electron Capture Detector (GC-ECD). The obtained result ranged from 0.193 to 135.277 ng g-1 with the mean value of 17.337 ng g-1 for ΣHCHs and 2.479 to 987.248 ng g-1 with the mean value of 80.056 ng g-1 for ΣDDTs. The total sum (ΣOCPs) ranged from 5.44 to 994.44 ng g-1 with the mean value of 97.39 ng g-1. p, p'- DDE was the highest OCP (976 ng g-1) detected in the soil followed by p, p'-DDD (287.454 ng g-1). Pearson correlation analysis indicated that there was a significant correlation between individual OCPs, while a weak and negative correlation between OCPs and selected soil properties. Isomeric ratio results indicated that DDTs in the soil came from historical (early use of DDTs) and HCHs originated from the use of lindane. Incremental lifetime cancer risks (ILCR) indicated that HCHs can cause very low risk for adults while, low risks for children and DDTs can cause low risk on adults and high risks on children.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ababo Workineh Tadesse
- Key Laboratory of Aquatic Botany and Watershed Ecology, Wuhan Botanical Garden, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- Sino-Africa Joint Research Center, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Wuhan, 430074, China.
- University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100049, China.
- Department of Natural Resources Management, College of Agriculture and Veterinary Sciences, Ambo University, Ambo, Ethiopia.
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Tan H, Li Q, Zhang H, Wu C, Zhao S, Deng X, Li Y. Pesticide residues in agricultural topsoil from the Hainan tropical riverside basin: Determination, distribution, and relationships with planting patterns and surface water. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 722:137856. [PMID: 32208254 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.137856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2019] [Revised: 03/04/2020] [Accepted: 03/09/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide residues were assessed in rice-vegetable rotation topsoil from tropical riverside basin. The 256 tropical topsoil samples from the Nandu River Basin (NRB) and Wanquan River Basin (WRB) in Hainan (China) were taken from 2018 to 2019. A total of 32 current-use pesticides (CUPs) and nine legacy pesticides (LPs) were detected using a method based on a QuEChERS technique. The highest residues were from the fungicide carbendazim (257.2 μg/kg) and the insecticide imidacloprid (139.4 μg/kg). The nine LPs (8 organochlorine pesticides and chlorpyrifos) were detected in 84.4% of the samples with mean concentrations ranging from 0.02 to 675.4 μg/kg. The two most commonly detected pesticides were imidacloprid and emamectin benzoate with detection rates of 96.8% and 91.8%, respectively. The highest total concentration of pesticides from the NRB and WRB was detected in July. The highest average number of multi-residues (16) was recorded in January, compared to 14 and 12 in July and November, respectively. There was a significant correlation between the multiple pesticide residues in soil and vegetable planting types (p < 0.01). There was a significant positive correlation between the pesticide number in topsoil and the pesticide number in water (p < 0.01). The multiple pesticide residues found in surface water were consistent with those in topsoil, suggesting a potential risk of water contamination in the rice-vegetable rotation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Huadong Tan
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China
| | - Qinfen Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China
| | - Huijie Zhang
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; School of Resources and Environment, Central China Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
| | - Chunyuan Wu
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China.
| | - Shuqiao Zhao
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China
| | - Xiao Deng
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China
| | - Yi Li
- Environment and Plant Protection Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, Hainan 571101, China; National Agricultural Experimental Station for Agricultural Environment, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China; Hainan Engineering Research Center for Non-point Source and Heavy Metal Pollution Control, Danzhou, Hainan 571737, China
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Wang H, Cheng Z, Yuan H, Zhu N, Lou Z, Otieno P. Occurrence of banned and commonly used pesticide residues in concentrated leachate: Implications for ecological risk assessment. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 710:136287. [PMID: 31923666 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.136287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Revised: 12/20/2019] [Accepted: 12/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Amounts of banned and current pesticides have been used in domestic and agricultural pest control, and their residues have accumulated along the waste stream. In this work, pesticides were characterized in concentrated leachates (CLs) from 5 municipal landfill sites, 2 incineration plants and 1 composting plant in six provinces. A total of 31 pesticides were detected which included 8 organochlorine pesticides (OCPs, 303-2974 ng/L), 16 organophosphorus pesticides (OPPs, 1380-13,274 ng/L) and 7 synthetic pyrethroids (SPs, 319-5636 ng/L). Despite the ten years ban of hexachlorocyclohexane, methamidophos and parathion-methyl, they were still in CL at a mean value of 320 ng/L and 88 ng/L, respectively. The average Σ8OCPs, Σ16OPPs and Σ7SPs in CL from landfill sites were approximately 2.8, 1.1 and 4.5 times higher than those from incineration plants, which might have been influenced by pH, moisture and/or HRT. Additionally, it was found that CL from incineration plants and composting plant with lower pesticide contents posed a much higher acute and chronic eco-risk. Methamidophos was the dominant pesticide in CL from incineration plants, which was much higher than any other pesticides detected. The annual emissions of Σ8OCPs, Σ16OPPs and Σ7SPs discharged from landfill-CL were estimated to be 2370, 10,357 and 2994 g, respectively. It was evident from the study that long-term release of CL after waste disposal could cause potential risk of ecological pollution.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hui Wang
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Zhaowen Cheng
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Haiping Yuan
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Nanwen Zhu
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, Shanghai 200240, China
| | - Ziyang Lou
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Institute of Pollution Control and Ecological Security, Shanghai 200092, China; China Institute for Urban Governance, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai 200240, China; Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Solid Waste Treatment and Resource, Shanghai 200240, China.
| | - Peter Otieno
- Department of Chemistry, Maseno University, Maseno, Kenya; Institute of Ecological Chemistry, Helmholtz Zentrum Müenchen, German National Research Centre for Environmental Health, Ingolstädter Landstrasse 1, D-85764 Neuherberg, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Jin X, Liu Y, Qiao X, Guo R, Liu C, Wang X, Zhao X. Risk assessment of organochlorine pesticides in drinking water source of the Yangtze River. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2019; 182:109390. [PMID: 31276884 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2019.109390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2019] [Revised: 06/17/2019] [Accepted: 06/25/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Organochlorine pesticides have been banned for many years, but the residual trace amount of organochlorine in water may still pose ecotoxicological risk. Meanwhile, the potential risk of organochlorine pesticides released from sediments, especially into drinking water sources, is receiving increasing attention. The present study assessed the pollution and potential risk of drinking water sources along the midstream and downstream Yangtze River. Residues of organochlorine pesticides (OCPs) in water, suspended particle matter (SPM), and sediment were evaluated with isotope dilution HRGC/HRMS. The results indicated that OCPs in water, SPM, and sediment ranged in 0.52-92.97 ng/L, 0.10-4.10 ng/L, and 0.038-11.36 ng/g, respectively. The predominant OCPs in water, SPM, and sediment were β-HCH, p,p'-DDE and PeCB. At site Y1, 8, 13, 18, β-HCH has a higher proportion in sediment samples, while, α-HCH has a higher proportion in SPM samples. The industrial use of HCHs in the history was the main HCHs source for most water and sediment samples, which indicated an absence of fresh inputs of industrial HCHs. Meanwhile, the abundance of p,p'-DDE in water, sediment and SPM samples could be attributed to long-term aerobic degradation of DDTs. The values of ffsw of HCHs, DDTs and PeCB indicate the transfer from water to sediment. Risk assessment showed that HCHs and DDTs posed low ecotoxicological risk to the Yangtze River.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoling Jin
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Yan Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xiaocui Qiao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Rui Guo
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Chengyou Liu
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xing Wang
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China
| | - Xingru Zhao
- National Engineering Laboratory for Lake Pollution Control and Ecological Restoration, State Environmental Protection Key Laboratory of Drinking Water Source Protection, Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Zhang Y, Zhang G, Pan J, Fan Z, Chen F, Liu Y. Soil organic carbon distribution in relation to terrain & land use—a case study in a small watershed of Danjiangkou reservoir area, China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2019.e00731] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
|
15
|
Deng A, Wang L, Chen F, Li Z, Liu W, Liu Y. Soil aggregate-associated heavy metals subjected to different types of land use in subtropical China. Glob Ecol Conserv 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.gecco.2018.e00465] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
|