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Leblanc PO, Breton Y, Léveillé F, Tessier PA, Pelletier M. The impact of the herbicide glyphosate and its metabolites AMPA and MPA on the metabolism and functions of human blood neutrophils and their sex-dependent effects on reactive oxygen species and CXCL8/IL-8 production. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 252:118831. [PMID: 38580005 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2024.118831] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/09/2024] [Revised: 03/21/2024] [Accepted: 03/28/2024] [Indexed: 04/07/2024]
Abstract
Significant levels of glyphosate, the world's most widely used herbicide, and its primary metabolites, AMPA and MPA, are detected in various human organs and body fluids, including blood. Several studies have associated the presence of glyphosate in humans with health problems, and effects on immune cells and their functions have been reported. However, the impact of this molecule and its metabolites on neutrophils, the most abundant leukocytes in the human bloodstream, is still poorly documented. We isolated neutrophils from human donor blood and investigated the effects of exposure to glyphosate, AMPA, and MPA on viability, energy metabolism, and essential antimicrobial functions in vitro. We observed that neutrophil viability was unaffected at the blood-relevant average concentrations of the general population and exposed workers, as well as at higher intoxication concentrations. Neutrophil energy metabolism was also not altered following exposure to the chemicals. However, while phagocytosis was unaffected, reactive oxygen species generation and CXCL8/IL-8 production were altered by exposure to the molecules. Alterations in function following exposure to glyphosate and metabolites differed according to the sex of the donors, which could be linked to glyphosate's known role as an endocrine disruptor. While ROS generation was increased in both sexes, male neutrophils exposed to glyphosate had increased intracellular production of CXCL8/IL-8, with no effect on female neutrophils. Conversely, exposure to the metabolites AMPA and MPA decreased extracellular production of this chemokine only in female neutrophils, with MPA also increasing intracellular production in male cells exposed to the chemoattractant N-formyl-methionine-leucyl-phenylalanine. Our study highlights the effects of glyphosate and its metabolites on the antimicrobial functions of neutrophils, which could be associated with health problems as future studies provide a better understanding of the risks associated with glyphosate use. Advances in knowledge will enable better and potentially stricter regulations to protect the public.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pier-Olivier Leblanc
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Yann Breton
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Florence Léveillé
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada
| | - Philippe A Tessier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada
| | - Martin Pelletier
- Infectious and Immune Diseases Axis, CHU de Québec-Université Laval Research Center, 2705 Boul. Laurier, Québec City, Québec, G1V 4G2, Canada; Department of Microbiology-Infectious Diseases and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, 1050 Av. de la Médecine, Québec City, Québec, G1V 0A6, Canada.
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2
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Dinep-Schneider O, Appiah E, Dapper A, Patterson S, Vermulst M, Gout JF. Effects of the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup on C. elegans and S. cerevisiae mortality, reproduction, and transcription fidelity. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 356:124203. [PMID: 38830529 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.124203] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2023] [Revised: 05/16/2024] [Accepted: 05/21/2024] [Indexed: 06/05/2024]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based weed killers such as Roundup have been implicated in detrimental effects on single- and multicellular eukaryotic model organism health and longevity. However, the mode(s) of action for these effects are currently unknown. In this study, we investigate the impact of exposure to Roundup on two model organisms: Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Caenorhabditis elegans and test the hypothesis that exposure to Roundup decreases transcription fidelity. Population growth assays and motility assays were performed in order to determine the phenotypic effects of Roundup exposure. We also used Rolling-Circle Amplification RNA sequencing to quantify the impact of exposure to Roundup on transcription fidelity in these two model organisms. Our results show that exposure to the glyphosate-based herbicide Roundup increases mortality, reduces reproduction, and increases transcription error rates in C. elegans and S. cerevisiae. We suggest that these effects may be due in part to the involvement of inflammation and oxidative stress, conditions which may also contribute to increases in transcription error rates.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Eastilan Appiah
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Computational Biology, Mississippi State University, Starkville MS
| | - Amy Dapper
- Department of Biology, Mississippi State University, Starkville MS
| | - Sarah Patterson
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Computational Biology, Mississippi State University, Starkville MS
| | - Marc Vermulst
- University of Southern California, Leonard Davis School of Gerontology, Los Angeles, CA 90089
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3
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Nazarova A, Padnya P, Khannanov A, Khabibrakhmanova A, Zelenikhin P, Stoikov I. Towards Protection of Nucleic Acids from Herbicide Attack: Self-Assembly of Betaines Based on Pillar[5]arene with Glyphosate and DNA. Int J Mol Sci 2023; 24:ijms24098357. [PMID: 37176066 PMCID: PMC10179701 DOI: 10.3390/ijms24098357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/05/2023] [Revised: 04/25/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Herbicides are one of the main parts of pesticides used today. Due to the high efficiency and widespread use of glyphosate-based herbicides, the search for substances reducing their genotoxicity is an important interdisciplinary task. One possible approach for solving the problem of herbicide toxicity is to use compounds that can protect DNA from damage by glyphosate derivatives. For the first time, a method for developing DNA-protecting measures against glyphosate isopropylamine salt (GIS) damage was presented and realized, based on low-toxicity water-soluble pillar[5]arene derivatives. Two- and three-component systems based on pillar[5]arene derivatives, GIS, and model DNA from salmon sperm, as well as their cytotoxicity, were studied. The synthesized pillar[5]arene derivatives do not interact with GIS, while GIS is able to bind DNA from salmon sperm with lgKa = 4.92. The pillar[5]arene betaine derivative containing fragments of L-phenylalanine and the ester derivative with diglycine fragments bind DNA with lgKa = 5.24 and lgKa = 4.88, respectively. The study of the associates (pillar[5]arene-DNA) with GIS showed that the interaction of GIS with DNA is inhibited only by the betaine pillar[5]arene containing fragments of L-Phe (lgKa = 3.60). This study has shown a possible application of betaine pillar[5]arene derivatives for nucleic acid protection according to its competitive binding with biomacromolecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anastasia Nazarova
- A. M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel Padnya
- A. M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Arthur Khannanov
- A. M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Aleksandra Khabibrakhmanova
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Pavel Zelenikhin
- Institute of Fundamental Medicine and Biology, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
| | - Ivan Stoikov
- A. M. Butlerov Chemistry Institute, Kazan Federal University, 18 Kremlyovskaya Str., 420008 Kazan, Russia
- Federal Center for Toxicological, Radiation, and Biological Safety, Nauchny Gorodok-2, 420075 Kazan, Russia
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4
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Zhang L, Ding F, Wu X, Wang R, Wan Y, Hu J, Zhang X, Wu Q. Melatonin ameliorates glyphosate- and hard water-induced renal tubular epithelial cell senescence via PINK1-Parkin-dependent mitophagy. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 255:114719. [PMID: 37032573 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114719] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2022] [Revised: 02/14/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
The combination of glyphosate (Gly) and hard water (Hwt) is a suspected risk factor for chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC). Accumulated mitochondrial damage and proximal tubular epithelial (PTE) cell senescence have been implicated in CINAC pathogenesis. Melatonin (Mel) has potential mitochondrial function and renoprotective properties, but its role and mechanism in CINAC are unknown. Here, we detected PTE cell senescence and PTEN-induced putative protein kinase 1 (PINK1)-parkin RBR E3 ubiquitin protein ligase (Parkin)-dependent mitophagy in mice orally administered with different doses of Gly combined with Hwt (Gly: 100 mg/kg·bw and 0.7 mg/L; Hwt: 2,500 mg/L CaCO3 and 250 mg/L Ca2+) for different durations (12 and 36 w) using histological examination, transmission electron microscopy (TEM), immunofluorescence (IF) analysis, and immunohistochemistry (IHC), immunoblotting, ELISA and biochemical assays with kits. The same assays were performed after combination treatment with Mdivi-1 (an inhibitor of mitophagy, i.p. 10 mg/kg·bw, twice a week for 12 w) or Mel (i.p. 10 mg/kg·bw, once a day for 12 w) under high-level exposure. Gly combined with Hwt (Gly-Hwt) significantly increased P16-P21-dependent PTE cell senescence, mitochondrial fission and oxidative stress, and activated PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, accompanied by defective autophagic flux at high doses but unaltered autophagic flux at low doses. Improved senescence occurred after Mdivi-1 administration, suggesting that mitophagy is involved in cellular senescence. Mel significantly decreased senescence induced by Gly-Hwt. Furthermore, PINK1-Parkin-dependent mitophagy and autophagic flux were markedly enhanced, and mitochondrial function was improved, as evidenced by reductions in mitochondrial fission and subsequent oxidative damage. Thus, Gly and Hwt synergistically promote PTE cell senescence through PINK1-Parkin-mediated mitophagy, and Mel exerts renoprotective effects by modulating mitophagy, suggesting therapeutic applications in ageing-related CINAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Key Laboratory of Children's Environmental Health, Xinhua Hospital Affiliated to Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruojing Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Xiaoyan Zhang
- Department of Nephrology, Zhongshan Hospital of Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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5
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Ataei M, Abdollahi M. A systematic review of mechanistic studies on the relationship between pesticide exposure and cancer induction. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2022; 456:116280. [DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2022.116280] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/19/2022] [Revised: 10/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/09/2022] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
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6
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Ünlü Endirlik B, Bakır E, Ökçesiz A, Güler A, Hamurcu Z, Eken A, Dreij K, Gürbay A. Investigation of the toxicity of a glyphosate-based herbicide in a human liver cell line: Assessing the involvement of Nrf2 pathway and protective effects of vitamin E and α-lipoic acid. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2022; 96:103999. [PMID: 36252731 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2022.103999] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2022] [Revised: 10/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/10/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) are the most widely used herbicides all over the world and has gained more attention in recent years because of health safety concerns. In this study, Roundup, one of the most popular glyphosate formulations, was used to evaluate cytotoxic, oxidative stress and apoptosis inducing effects of GBHs in a human hepatocellular cell line (HepG2). Roundup was shown to significantly increase cellular reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels, which lead to activation of the nuclear factor-erythroid-2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) antioxidant defense pathway including reduced levels of heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1). Furthermore, Roundup was found to induce apoptosis and further analysis confirmed involvement of a mitochondrial-dependent pathway verified by increased Bax/Bcl-2 ratios. Investigation of the protective effects of antioxidants vitamin E (Vit E) and α-lipoic acid (LA) against Roundup toxicity showed that both antioxidants significantly reduced the cytotoxicity, ROS formation, HO-1 downregulation, and apoptosis and that Vit E did so more efficiently than LA. In conclusion, our findings highlight the ROS producing and apoptosis inducing effects associated with GBHs, the activation of Nrf2 pathway as a defense mechanism and the protective effects of Vit E and LA against GBH toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Burcu Ünlü Endirlik
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey.
| | - Elçin Bakır
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Aysun Ökçesiz
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ahsen Güler
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Zuhal Hamurcu
- Betül-Ziya Eren Genome and Stem Cell Center, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey; Department of Medical Biology, Faculty of Medicine, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Ayşe Eken
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Erciyes University, Kayseri, Turkey
| | - Kristian Dreij
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Aylin Gürbay
- Department of Pharmaceutical Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Hacettepe University, Ankara, Turkey
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7
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Naraine AS, Aker R, Sweeney I, Kalvey M, Surtel A, Shanbhag V, Dawson-Scully K. Roundup and glyphosate's impact on GABA to elicit extended proconvulsant behavior in Caenorhabditis elegans. Sci Rep 2022; 12:13655. [PMID: 35999230 PMCID: PMC9399239 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-022-17537-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/27/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
As 3 billion pounds of herbicides are sprayed over farmlands every year, it is essential to advance our understanding how pesticides may influence neurological health and physiology of both humans and other animals. Studies are often one-dimensional as the majority examine glyphosate by itself. Farmers and the public use commercial products, like Roundup, containing a myriad of chemicals in addition to glyphosate. Currently, there are no neurological targets proposed for glyphosate and little comparison to Roundup. To investigate this, we compared how glyphosate and Roundup affect convulsant behavior in C.elegans and found that glyphosate and Roundup increased seizure-like behavior. Key to our initial hypothesis, we found that treatment with an antiepileptic drug rescued the prolonged convulsions. We also discovered over a third of nematodes exposed to Roundup did not recover from their convulsions, but drug treatment resulted in full recovery. Notably, these effects were found at concentrations that are 1,000-fold dilutions of previous findings of neurotoxicity, using over 300-fold less herbicide than the lowest concentration recommended for consumer use. Exploring mechanisms behind our observations, we found significant evidence that glyphosate targets GABA-A receptors. Pharmacological experiments which paired subeffective dosages of glyphosate and a GABA-A antagonist yielded a 24% increase in non-recovery compared to the antagonist alone. GABA mutant strain experiments showed no effect in a GABA-A depleted strain, but a significant, increased effect in a glutamic acid decarboxylase depleted strain. Our findings characterize glyphosate’s exacerbation of convulsions and propose the GABA-A receptor as a neurological target for the observed physiological changes. It also highlights glyphosate’s potential to dysregulate inhibitory neurological circuits.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akshay S Naraine
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA. .,IMPRS for Synapses and Circuits, Max Planck Florida Institute for Neuroscience, Jupiter, FL, USA.
| | - Rebecca Aker
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Isis Sweeney
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Meghan Kalvey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Alexis Surtel
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA
| | - Venkatesh Shanbhag
- Department of Chemistry and Physics, Halmos College of Arts and Sciences, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA
| | - Ken Dawson-Scully
- Department of Biological Sciences, Florida Atlantic University, Boca Raton, FL, USA.,Department of Psychology and Neuroscience, College of Psychology, Nova Southeastern University, Davie, FL, USA
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8
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Costa G, Fernandes A, Santos T, Brito L, Rodrigues L, Valadares M, Felzenszwalb I, Ferraz E, Morais Leme D, Oliveira G. In vitro and in vivo cytotoxicity assessment of glyphosate and imazethapyr-based herbicides and their association. JOURNAL OF TOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH. PART A 2022; 85:481-493. [PMID: 35189772 DOI: 10.1080/15287394.2022.2036281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Resistance to glyphosate herbicide has initiated usage of combined application of herbicides as a weed control measure. Imazethapyr-based herbicides associated with glyphosate herbicide seem to be an alternative to suppress weed resistance. The aim of this study was to examine the adverse effects of Glyphosate Atanor 48® (ATN) and Imazethapyr Plus Nortox® (IMZT) formulations in both single forms and mixtures using HepG2 cells and zebrafish early-life stages models. Data demonstrated cytotoxicity due to exposure to ATN, IMZT for both models, as follows: (1) ATN (0.5 mg/L), IMZT (5 mg/L), and M3 (0.05 mg/L ATN + 5 mg/L IMZT) increased cytotoxicity by disturbing the mitochondrial activity of HepG2 cells 24 hr after exposure; (2) ATN and IMZT (5 mg/L), and M3 (0.05 mg/L ATN + 5 mg/L IMZT) also decreased the integrity of the membrane of HepG2 cells after 24 hr incubation; (3) only ATN and IMZT (5 mg/L) in their single forms diminished the mitochondrial potential of zebrafish; (4) ATN (single form) at 0.5 mg/L induced apoptosis in zebrafish larvae. In conclusion, these herbicides in their single forms appeared to produce greater cytotoxicity to HepG2 cells and zebrafish compared to the herbicide mixtures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gessyca Costa
- Environmental Toxicology Research Laboratory (EnvTox), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Andréia Fernandes
- Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Thaís Santos
- Laboratory of Teaching and Research in Toxicology in Vitro (ToxIn), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Lara Brito
- Environmental Toxicology Research Laboratory (EnvTox), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
- Laboratory of Teaching and Research in Toxicology in Vitro (ToxIn), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Laís Rodrigues
- Environmental Toxicology Research Laboratory (EnvTox), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Marize Valadares
- Laboratory of Teaching and Research in Toxicology in Vitro (ToxIn), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
| | - Israel Felzenszwalb
- Department of Biophysics and Biometry, Institute of Biology Roberto Alcantara Gomes, State University of Rio de Janeiro (UERJ), Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elisa Ferraz
- Department of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Administration, Pharmacy College, Fluminense Federal University (UFF), Niterói, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
| | - Daniela Morais Leme
- Institute of Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
- Departament of Genetics, Federal University of Paraná (UFPR), Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Gisele Oliveira
- Environmental Toxicology Research Laboratory (EnvTox), Faculty of Pharmacy, Federal University of Goiás (UFG), Goiânia, Brazil
- Institute of Chemistry, National Institute for Alternative Technologies of Detection, Toxicological Evaluation and Removal of Micropollutants and Radioactives (INCT-DATREM), UNESP, Araraquara, Brazil
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9
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Strilbyska OM, Tsiumpala SA, Kozachyshyn II, Strutynska T, Burdyliuk N, Lushchak VI, Lushchak O. The effects of low-toxic herbicide Roundup and glyphosate on mitochondria. EXCLI JOURNAL 2022; 21:183-196. [PMID: 35221840 PMCID: PMC8859649 DOI: 10.17179/excli2021-4478] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2021] [Accepted: 12/16/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The effects of pesticides on the health of non-target living organisms in agricultural areas are critically important aspects for their safe use. Their release into the environment is an inevitable aspect for predicting and evaluation of the risk of their application. Roundup, a glyphosate-based herbicide, has been designed as an effective pesticide against weeds and now is the most widely used agrochemicals around the world due to its highly specific action of the biosynthesis of certain amino acids in plants. Despite it is claimed to be low toxic for not-target organisms, due to its broad application Roundup and products of its degradation were detected in organisms of diverse animals and humans. In this review, we describe animal and human studies of general adverse effects of Roundup and its principal substance glyphosate with focus on endocrine disruption, oxidative stress and behavioral disorders. At mechanistic level, we focus on the potential toxicity of the herbicide Roundup and glyphosate as effectors of bioenergetic functions of mitochondria. Their effects on mitochondrial membrane potential and oxidative phosphorylation are among described to date critical components responsible for its toxicity. Finally, we discuss general molecular mechanisms potentially involved in the interaction between glyphosate and mitochondria which to some extent are associated with generation of reactive oxygen species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olha M Strilbyska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Sviatoslav A Tsiumpala
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Ivanna I Kozachyshyn
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Tetiana Strutynska
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Nadia Burdyliuk
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine
| | - Volodymyr I Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.,Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76000, Ukraine
| | - Oleh Lushchak
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Vasyl Stefanyk Precarpathian National University, 57 Shevchenko Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76018, Ukraine.,Research and Development University, 13a Shota Rustaveli Str., Ivano-Frankivsk, 76000, Ukraine
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10
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Zhang L, Dong L, Yang L, Luo Y, Chen F. MiR-27a-5p regulates acrylamide-induced mitochondrial dysfunction and intrinsic apoptosis via targeting Btf3 in rats. Food Chem 2022; 368:130816. [PMID: 34416489 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.130816] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2021] [Revised: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Acrylamide (AA), a potential carcinogen, is commonly formed in foods rich in carbohydrates at high heat. It is known that AA-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is responsible for its toxicity. Previously we found AA exposure increased miR-27a-5p expression in livers of SD rats. Here, the regulation mechanism of miR-27a-5p in mitochondrial dysfunction was investigated in rat liver cell lines (IAR20) and SD rats. The results showed that the overexpressed miR-27a-5p contributes to modulating mitochondrial dysfunction and Btf3 is identified as its target gene. The knockdown of Btf3 increases the cleaved PARP1 level and the phosphorylation of ATM and p53, which results in mitochondria-dependent apoptosis. Therefore, the miR-27a-5p-Btf3-ATM-p53 axis might play a vital role in the promotion of AA-induced cell apoptosis through disrupting mitochondrial structure and function. This would provide a potential target for the assessment and intervention of AA toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lujia Zhang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Li Dong
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Liuqing Yang
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Yinghua Luo
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China
| | - Fang Chen
- College of Food Science & Nutritional Engineering, National Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Key Laboratory of Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Engineering Research Centre for Fruits and Vegetables Processing, Ministry of Education, China Agricultural University, Beijing 100083, China.
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11
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Wang X, Lu Q, Guo J, Ares I, Martínez M, Martínez-Larrañaga MR, Wang X, Anadón A, Martínez MA. Oxidative Stress and Metabolism: A Mechanistic Insight for Glyphosate Toxicology. Annu Rev Pharmacol Toxicol 2022; 62:617-639. [PMID: 34990202 DOI: 10.1146/annurev-pharmtox-020821-111552] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLYP) is a widely used pesticide; it is considered to be a safe herbicide for animals and humans because it targets 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase. However, there has been increasing evidence that GLYP causes varying degrees of toxicity. Moreover, oxidative stress and metabolism are highly correlated with toxicity. This review provides a comprehensive introduction to the toxicity of GLYP and, for the first time, systematically summarizes the toxicity mechanism of GLYP from the perspective of oxidative stress, including GLYP-mediated oxidative damage, changes in antioxidant status, altered signaling pathways, and the regulation of oxidative stress by exogenous substances. In addition, the metabolism of GLYP is discussed, including metabolites,metabolic pathways, metabolic enzymes, and the toxicity of metabolites. This review provides new ideas for the toxicity mechanism of GLYP and proposes effective strategies for reducing its toxicity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaojing Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;
| | - Qirong Lu
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;
| | - Jingchao Guo
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;
| | - Irma Ares
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Marta Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María-Rosa Martínez-Larrañaga
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - Xu Wang
- National Reference Laboratory of Veterinary Drug Residues and MAO Key Laboratory for Detection of Veterinary Drug Residues, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China;
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
- MAO Laboratory for Risk Assessment of Quality and Safety of Livestock and Poultry Products, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan, Hubei 430070, China
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Wuhan, Hubei 430023, China
| | - Arturo Anadón
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
| | - María-Aránzazu Martínez
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Universidad Complutense de Madrid, and Research Institute Hospital 12 de Octubre, 28040 Madrid, Spain;
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12
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Zhang N, Zhu L, Zhang R, Zhang C, Cheng J, Tao L, Zhang Y, Xu W. Evaluation of toxicological effects of organophosphorus pesticide metabolites on human HepG2 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2021; 88:103741. [PMID: 34517121 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2021.103741] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2021] [Revised: 09/07/2021] [Accepted: 09/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Trichloropyridinol (TCP); 3, 5, 6-trichloro-2-pyridinol is the primary metabolites of the organophosphorus pesticide chlorpyrifos. It is more highly persistent than parent compounds in the environment and might represent serious risks to human health. In this study, we investigated the toxicological effects and mechanism of TCP on HepG2 cells. The results revealed that TCP induced DNA damage and apoptosis on HepG2 cells. Besides, up-regulating the expression level of Bax /Bcl-2, a reduction in mitochondrial membrane potential, caspase-9/-3 activation and the release of cytochrome-c are contributed to the toxicological effects of TCP on HepG2 cells. These data indicated that the cytotoxic effects of TCP might be associated with the activity of mitochondrial apoptotic pathways. In conclusion, the results demonstrated that TCP poses a potential threat to human health by inducing toxicological effects in the liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nan Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Lianhua Zhu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Ruizhi Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Pathology, UT Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, 75390, United States
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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13
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Yang B, Liu Y, Li Y, Zhu S, Li Y, Yi J, Ouyang Z, Liu B, Mehmood K, Hussain R, Pan J, Hu L, Tang Z, Wang G, Li Y, Zhang H. Exposure to the herbicide butachlor activates hepatic stress signals and disturbs lipid metabolism in mice. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 283:131226. [PMID: 34146870 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2021.131226] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/21/2021] [Revised: 06/08/2021] [Accepted: 06/11/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Butachlor is a systemic herbicide widely applied on wheat, rice, beans, and different other crops, and is frequently detected in groundwater, surface water, and soil. Therefore, it is necessary to investigate the potential adverse health risks and the underlying mechanisms of hepatotoxicity caused by exposure to butachlor in invertebrates, other nontarget animals, and public health. For this reason, a total of 20 mice were obtained and randomly divided into two groups. The experimental mice in one group were exposed to butachlor (8 mg/kg) and the mice in control group received normal saline. The liver tissues were obtained from each mice at day 21 of the trial. Results indicated that exposure to butachlor induced hepatotoxicity in terms of swelling of hepatocyte, disorders in the arrangement of hepatic cells, increased concentrations of different serum enzymes such as alkaline phosphate (ALP) and aspartate aminotransferase (AST). The results on the mechanisms of liver toxicity indicated that butachlor induced overexpression of Apaf-1, Bax, Caspase-3, Caspase-9, Cyt-c, p53, Beclin-1, ATG-5, and LC3, whereas decreases the expression of Bcl-2 and p62 suggesting abnormal processes of apoptosis and autophagy. Results on different metabolites (61 differential metabolites) revealed upregulation of PE and LysoPC, whereas downregulation of SM caused by butachlor exposure in mice led to the disruption of glycerophospholipids and lipid metabolism in the liver. The results of our experimental research indicated that butachlor induces hepatotoxic effects through disruption of lipid metabolism, abnormal mechanisms of autophagy, and apoptosis that provides new insights into the elucidation of the mechanisms of hepatotoxicity in mice induced by butachlor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bijing Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yingwei Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yangwei Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Shanshan Zhu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yuanliang Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Jiangnan Yi
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhuanxu Ouyang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Bingxian Liu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Khalid Mehmood
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Riaz Hussain
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, The Islamia University of Bahawalpur, 63100, Pakistan
| | - Jiaqiang Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Lianmei Hu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhaoxin Tang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Guanhua Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Ying Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
| | - Hui Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China.
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14
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Zhang L, Ding F, Wang R, Wu X, Wan Y, Hu J, Wu Q. Involvement of mitochondrial fission in renal tubular pyroptosis in mice exposed to high and environmental levels of glyphosate combined with hard water. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117082. [PMID: 33848899 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2020] [Revised: 03/20/2021] [Accepted: 04/01/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Chronic interstitial nephritis in agricultural communities (CINAC) has reached epidemic proportions. The combination of glyphosate and hard water has been postulated to play a potent aetiological role in CINAC. Therefore, dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1)-mediated aberrant mitochondrial fission and subsequent activation of the nucleotide-binding oligomerization domain (NOD)-like receptor protein 3 (Nlrp3)/caspase1 pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of nephropathy. In the present study, mice were sub-chronically exposed to high doses and environmental levels of glyphosate (100 mg/kg body weight (mg/kg·bw) glyphosate in Roundup and 0.7 mg/L pure glyphosate, respectively) and hard water (2500 mg/L CaCO3 and 250 mg/L Ca2+, respectively) in drinking water. Moreover, Mdivi-1 (Md-1, 10 mg/kg·bw) was intraperitoneally injected to inhibit Drp1 on the basis of the high-dose experiment. Histopathological examination, biochemical analysis, ELISA, western blotting and fluorescent staining were used to analyse renal structure, renal tubular pyroptosis and mitochondrial fission/fusion alterations. The results showed dramatic proximal tubular injury, particularly in the combined groups. Moreover, significant increases in the protein expression levels of calmodulin (CaM), calmodulin-dependent protein kinase II (CaMKII), Drp1/p-Drp1-Ser616 and the Txnip/Nlrp3/caspase1 signalling pathway, and alterations in oxidative stress were observed in the combined groups, and these effects were attenuated by the Drp1 inhibitor Md-1. Intriguingly, there may be a synergistic effect of glyphosate and hard water on renal injury. Taken together, these results suggest that the combination of glyphosate and hard water, even at environmental exposure levels, enhances pyroptosis and ongoing tubulointerstitial inflammation through excessive Drp1-mediated mitochondrial fission.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Zhang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Fan Ding
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Ruojing Wang
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xuan Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Yi Wan
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Jianying Hu
- Laboratory for Earth Surface Processes, College of Urban and Environmental Sciences, Peking University, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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15
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Fu L, Zhao H, Xiang Y, Xiang HX, Hu B, Tan ZX, Lu X, Gao L, Wang B, Wang H, Zhang C, Xu DX. Reactive oxygen species-evoked endoplasmic reticulum stress mediates 1-nitropyrene-induced epithelial-mesenchymal transition and pulmonary fibrosis. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 283:117134. [PMID: 33866216 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117134] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2020] [Revised: 04/07/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
1-Nitropyrene (1-NP) is one component of atmospheric fine particles. Previous report revealed that acute 1-NP exposure induced respiratory inflammation. This study aimed to investigate whether chronic 1-NP exposure induces pulmonary fibrosis. Male C57BL6/J mice were intratracheally instilled to 1-NP (20 μg/mouse/week) for 6 weeks. Diffuse interstitial inflammation, a-smooth muscle actin (a-SMA)-positive cells, a marker of epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT), and an extensive collagen deposition, measured by Masson staining, were observed in 1-NP-exposed mouse lungs. Pulmonary function showed that lung dynamic compliance (Cydn-min) was reduced in 1-NP-exposed mice. Conversely, inspiratory resistance (Ri) and expiratory resistance (Re) were elevated in 1-NP-exposed mice. Mechanistically, cell migration and invasion were accelerated in 1-NP-exposed pulmonary epithelial cells. In addition, E-cadherin, an epithelial marker, was downregulated, and vimentin, a-SMA and N-cadherin, three mesenchymal markers, were upregulated in 1-NP-exposed pulmonary epithelial cells. Although TGF-β wasn't altered, phosphorylated Smad2/3 were enhanced in 1-NP-exposed pulmonary epithelial cells. Moreover, reactive oxygen species (ROS) were increased and endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress was activated in 1-NP-exposed pulmonary epithelial cells. N-Acetylcysteine (NAC), an antioxidant, attenuated 1-NP-evoked excess ROS, ER stress and EMT in pulmonary epithelial cells. Similarly, pretreatment with NAC alleviated 1-NP-caused pulmonary EMT and lung fibrosis in mice. These results demonstrate that ROS-evoked ER stress contributes, at least partially, to 1-NP-induced EMT and pulmonary fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Fu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hui Zhao
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Ying Xiang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hui-Xian Xiang
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Biao Hu
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China
| | - Zhu-Xia Tan
- Respiratory and Critical Care Medicine, Second Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230601, China; Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Xue Lu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Lan Gao
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Bo Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Hua Wang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - Cheng Zhang
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China
| | - De-Xiang Xu
- Department of Toxicology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, China.
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16
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Ravishankar A, Cumming JR, Gallagher JEG. Mitochondrial metabolism is central for response and resistance of Saccharomyces cerevisiae to exposure to a glyphosate-based herbicide. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 262:114359. [PMID: 32443188 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.114359] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2019] [Revised: 03/06/2020] [Accepted: 03/10/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicides, the most extensively used herbicides in the world, are available in an enormous number of commercial formulations with varying additives and adjuvants. Here, we study the effects of one such formulation, Credit41, in two genetically diverse yeast strains. A quantitative trait loci (QTL) analysis between a sensitive laboratory strain and a resistant strain linked mitochondrial function to Credit41 resistance. Two genes encoding mitochondrial proteins identified through the QTL analysis were HFA1, a gene that encodes a mitochondrial acetyl CoA carboxylase, and AAC3, which encodes a mitochondrial inner membrane ATP/ADP translocator. Further analysis of previously studied whole-genome sequencing data showed that, although each strain uses varying routes to attain glyphosate resistance, most strains have duplications of mitochondrial genes. One of the most well-studied functions of the mitochondria is the assembly of Fe-S clusters. In the current study, the expression of iron transporters in the transcriptome increased in cells resistant to Credit41. The levels of iron within the cell also increased in cells exposed to Credit41 but not pure glyphosate. Hence, the additives in glyphosate-based herbicides have a significant contribution to the negative effects of these commercial formulations on biological systems.
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17
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Hao Y, Zhang Y, Cheng J, Xu W, Xu Z, Gao J, Tao L. Adjuvant contributes Roundup's unexpected effects on A549 cells. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 184:109306. [PMID: 32120119 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.109306] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2019] [Revised: 02/16/2020] [Accepted: 02/24/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Roundup® (RDP) is one of the most representative glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs), which extensive use increases pressure on environmental safety and potential human health risk. The aim of this study was to investigate whether the adjuvant polyethoxylated tallow amine (POEA) or the herbicidal active ingredient glyphosate isopropylamine salt (GP) in formulation confers RDP cytotoxicity. We demonstrated that RDP and POEA could inhibit the proliferation of human lung A549 cells. Intracellular biochemical assay indicated that collapse of mitochondrial membrane, release of cytochrome c into cytosol, activation of caspase-9/-3, cleavage of poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP), oxidative DNA damage, DNA single-strand breaks and double-strand breaks are occurred in RDP and POEA treated A549 cells, not occurred in GP treated A549 cells. We conclude that the RDP's effect of apoptosis and DNA damage on human A549 cells is related to the presence of adjuvant POEA in formulation, independent of the herbicidal active ingredient GP. This study would enrich the theoretical basis of the RDP toxicity effects and attract attention on potential human health and environmental safety threat caused by adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwu Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jiagao Cheng
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Zhiping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China
| | - Jufang Gao
- College of Life Sciences, Shanghai Normal University, Shanghai, 200234, China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy, East China University of Science and Technology, Shanghai, 200237, China.
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18
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Agostini LP, Dettogni RS, Dos Reis RS, Stur E, Dos Santos EVW, Ventorim DP, Garcia FM, Cardoso RC, Graceli JB, Louro ID. Effects of glyphosate exposure on human health: Insights from epidemiological and in vitro studies. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2020; 705:135808. [PMID: 31972943 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2019.135808] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/17/2019] [Revised: 11/18/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is a broad-spectrum, post-emergent, non-selective and synthetic universal herbicide, whose commercial formulations are referred to as glyphosate-based-herbicides (GBHs). These chemicals and their metabolites can be found in soil, air, water, as well as groundwater and food products. This review summarizes to summarize current in vitro and epidemiological studies investigating the effects of GLY exposure on human health. Recent human cell studies have reported several GLY and GBH toxicological effects and have contributed to a better understanding of the deleterious consequences associated with their exposure. However, these detrimental effects are dependent on the cell type, chemical composition, as well as magnitude and time of exposure, among other factors. Moreover, the deleterious effects of GLY exposure on human health were observed in epidemiological studies; however, most of these studies have not determined the GLY dosage to confirm a direct effect. While GLY toxicity is clear in human cells, epidemiological studies investigating individuals exposed to different levels of GLY have reported contradictory data. Therefore, based on currently available in vitro and epidemiological data, it is not possible to confirm the complete safety of GLY use, which will require additional comprehensive studies in animal models and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lidiane P Agostini
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Raquel S Dettogni
- Endocrinology and Cell Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil.
| | - Raquel S Dos Reis
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Elaine Stur
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Eldamária V W Dos Santos
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Diego P Ventorim
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Fernanda M Garcia
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Rodolfo C Cardoso
- Laboratory of Reproductive Neuroendocrinology, Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, United States of America
| | - Jones B Graceli
- Endocrinology and Cell Toxicology Laboratory, Department of Morphology, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
| | - Iúri D Louro
- Human and Molecular Genetics Center, Department of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Espirito Santo, Vitoria, Brazil
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19
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Seydi E, Mehrpouya L, Sadeghi H, Rahimi S, Pourahmad J. Toxicity of fipronil on rat heart mitochondria. TOXIN REV 2019. [DOI: 10.1080/15569543.2019.1700382] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Enayatollah Seydi
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety Engineering, School of Health, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
- Research Center for Health, Safety and Environment, Alborz University of Medical Sciences, Karaj, Iran
| | - Leila Mehrpouya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Hadiseh Sadeghi
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Shabnam Rahimi
- Department of Toxicology and Pharmacology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Pharmaceutical Sciences Branch, Islamic Azad University (IAUPS), Tehran, Iran
| | - Jalal Pourahmad
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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20
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Hao Y, Xu W, Gao J, Zhang Y, Yang Y, Tao L. Roundup-Induced AMPK/mTOR-Mediated Autophagy in Human A549 Cells. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:11364-11372. [PMID: 31542934 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b04679] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The extensive use of pesticide caused an amount of pressure on the environment and increased the potential human health risk. Glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) is one of the most widely used pesticides based on a 5-enolpyruvylshikimate-3-phosphate synthase target, which does not exist in vertebrates. Here, we study autophagic effects of the most famous commercial GBH Roundup (RDP) on human A549 cells in vitro. Intracellular biochemical assay indicated opening of mitochondrial permeability transition pore, LC3-II conversion, up-regulation of beclin-1, down-regulation of p62, and the changes in the phosphorylation of AMPK and mTOR induced by RDP in A549 cells. Further experimental results indicated that all the effects induced by RDP were related to its adjuvant polyethoxylated tallow amine, not its herbicidal active ingredient glyphosate isopropylamine salt. All these results showed that RDP has the ability to induce AMPK/mTOR-mediated cell autophagy in human A549 cells. This study would provide a theoretical basis for understanding RDP's autophagic effects on human A549 cells and attract attention on the potential human health risks induced by the adjuvant.
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Affiliation(s)
- Youwu Hao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Wenping Xu
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Jufang Gao
- College of Life Sciences , Shanghai Normal University , Shanghai 200234 , China
| | - Yang Zhang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Yun Yang
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
| | - Liming Tao
- Shanghai Key Laboratory of Chemical Biology, School of Pharmacy , East China University of Science and Technology , Shanghai 200237 , China
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