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Tian F, Liu S, Xu R, Wu NN, Liu SS, Cheng YY, Xiong Q, Tang ZZ, Zhang LB, Zhang Z, Chen HG. Ubiquity and ecological risks of conjugated steroids cannot be overlooked: First evidence from estuarine sediments. MARINE POLLUTION BULLETIN 2024; 207:116879. [PMID: 39182404 DOI: 10.1016/j.marpolbul.2024.116879] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 08/17/2024] [Accepted: 08/18/2024] [Indexed: 08/27/2024]
Abstract
Steroids, renowned for endocrine-disrupting capabilities, have garnered significant research interest, predominantly centered on their parent forms. This study was the first to explore the composition, spatiotemporal characteristics, sources, mass inventories, and ecological risks of steroids in free and conjugated forms in estuarine sediments. Seventeen steroids were identified in sediments with the total levels of 1.3-4.3 ng/g. Most natural steroids and metabolites existed in free forms, while synthetic ones predominantly stored in conjugates. Environmental factors exerted limited impacts on steroid distribution. Raw domestic wastewater, drug consumption, and mariculture may be leading steroid sources in estuarine sediments, with total mean mass inventories of 177-219 μg/m2. The predominant contributors to the ecological risk were cortisol, prednisolone, 20α-dihydroprogesterone, 20β-dihydroprogesterone, and progesterone. This research gives the first insight into the understanding of conjugated steroids in the marine environment, and advocates for more studies on the fate and ecotoxicology of conjugated steroids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fei Tian
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Shan Liu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China.
| | - Ru Xu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Nian-Nian Wu
- Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Applied Marine Biology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China; University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Shuang-Shuang Liu
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Yuan-Yue Cheng
- State Key Laboratory of Tropical Oceanography, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Guangzhou 510301, China
| | - Qian Xiong
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Zhen-Zhao Tang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Lin-Bao Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Zhe Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
| | - Hai-Gang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Marine Ranching, Ministry of Agriculture and Rural Affairs, Scientific Observing and Experimental Station of South China Sea Fishery Resources and Environment, Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Fishery Ecology and Environment, South China Sea Fisheries Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Fishery Sciences, Guangzhou 510300, China
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Yang KH, Hung HS, Huang WH, Hsieh CY, Chen TC. Multiphase Partitioning of Estrogens in a River Impacted by Feedlot Wastewater Discharge. TOXICS 2024; 12:671. [PMID: 39330599 PMCID: PMC11436132 DOI: 10.3390/toxics12090671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Revised: 09/08/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 09/28/2024]
Abstract
Estrogens in river systems can significantly impact aquatic ecosystems. This study aimed to investigate the multiphase partitioning of estrogens in Wulo Creek, Taiwan, which receives animal feedlot wastewater, to understand their distribution and potential environmental implications. Water samples were separated into suspended particulate matter (SPM), colloidal, and soluble phases using centrifugation and cross-flow ultrafiltration. Concentrations of estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), and estriol (E3) in each phase were analyzed using LC/MS/MS. Partition coefficients were calculated to assess estrogen distribution among phases. Estrogens were predominantly found in the soluble phase (85.8-87.3%). The risk assessment of estrogen equivalent (EEQ) values suggests that estrogen concentration in water poses a higher risk compared to SPM, with a majority of the samples indicating a high risk to aquatic organisms. The colloidal phase contained 12.7-14.2% of estrogens. The log KCOC values (4.72-4.77 L/kg-C) were significantly higher than the log KOC and log KPOC values (2.02-3.40 L/kg-C) for all estrogens. Colloids play a critical role in estrogen distribution in river systems, potentially influencing their fate, transport, and biotoxicity. This finding highlights the importance of considering colloidal interactions in assessing estrogen behavior in aquatic environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kuo-Hui Yang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Hao-Shen Hung
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Hsiang Huang
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Technology Research Center, General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Ying Hsieh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chien Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
- Disaster Prevention and Mitigation Technology Research Center, General Research Service Center, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung 91201, Taiwan
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Song X, Li Y, Zhang Z, Wen Y, Wang Y. Natural mineral colloids facilitated transport of EE2 in saturated porous media: Effects of humic acid and conjugate form. JOURNAL OF CONTAMINANT HYDROLOGY 2024; 265:104387. [PMID: 38896908 DOI: 10.1016/j.jconhyd.2024.104387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/30/2024] [Revised: 06/08/2024] [Accepted: 06/13/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Steroid estrogens have posed significant ecological risks to aquatic organisms due to their potent endocrine-disrupting effects. The role of natural mineral colloids in facilitating the transport of hydrophobic organic pollutants in the environment has been confirmed, but the control mechanisms of colloids on 17α-Ethinylestradiol (EE2) migration in the subsurface environment are often still not well understood. This study combined the batch sorption equilibrium experiments and dynamic transport simulations to reveal the interface interactions and co-transport characteristics between illite colloids and EE2 at both macroscopic and microscopic levels. The existing form changes of EE2 and the influence of coexisting humic acid (HA) during transport in porous media were also specifically investigated. The batch experiments demonstrated that the primary mechanisms governing EE2 sorption onto illite colloids involved surface sorption and hydrogen bonding. The coexistence of HA could load onto the surface of illite colloids, thereby enhancing the colloidal sorption capacity for EE2. Transport experiments demonstrated that the migratory ability of EE2 in silty clay was limited, but illite colloids could significantly promote its penetration, with the peak penetration content (Ct/C0) increasing from 0.64 to 0.77. In the absence of HA, EE2 primarily transported in a dissolved form, accounting for 62.86% of the total concentrations. When HA concentrations were increased to 10 mg/L and 20 mg/L, the proportion of colloidal conjugate EE2 in the effluents reached 52.13% and 54.49%, respectively. The enhanced transport of EE2 by HA was primarily attributed to the improved migration ability of illite colloids and the increased proportion of illite-EE2 conjugate, resulting in a maximum Ct/C0 value of 0.94. The validity of these results was further confirmed by employing calculations based on the Derjaguin-Landau-Verwey-Overbeek and Colloidal Filtration Theory. This study provides new insights of understanding the transport of EE2 in subsurface environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaoming Song
- Key Lab of Eco-Restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 11044, China
| | - Yingjun Li
- Qinghai 906 Engineering Survey and Design Institute Co. LTD, Xining 810001, China; Bureau of Qinghai Environmental Geological Prospecting, Xining 810001, China.
| | - Zhipeng Zhang
- Sichuan Geological Environment Survey and Research Center, Chengdu 610031, China
| | - Yujuan Wen
- Key Lab of Eco-Restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 11044, China; Northeast Geological S&T Innovation Center of China Geological Survey, Shenyang 110000, China; Key Laboratory of Black Soil Evolution and Ecological Effect, Ministry of Natural Resources, Shenyang 110000, China.
| | - Yunlong Wang
- Key Lab of Eco-Restoration of Regional Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang 11044, China
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Hao P, Lv Z, Pan H, Zhang J, Wang L, Zhu Y, Basang W, Gao Y. Characterization and low-temperature biodegradation mechanism of 17β-estradiol-degrading bacterial strain Rhodococcus sp. RCBS9. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2024; 240:117513. [PMID: 37890824 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2023.117513] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2023] [Revised: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/29/2023]
Abstract
Steroidal estrogens residues in the environment can be a serious hazard to humans and animals and has been listed as group 1 carcinogens by World Health Organization (WHO). Microbial degradation is one of the effective strategies for the removal of such contaminants. In this study, a low-temperature degrading bacterial strain (Rhodococcus sp. RCBS9) was isolated from the soil of a dairy farm for 17β-estradiol (E2) degradation. The strain RCBS9 exhibited an efficient degradation potential at low temperatures. To lean how different factors influence E2 degradation, we have found a major role of intracellular enzymes in E2 degradation. Genomic and metabolomic analyses have suggested potential degradation genes and four metabolic pathways. These findings provide valuable strain resources for the low temperature bioremediation of E2 contamination and insights into E2 biodegradation mechanism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Zongshuo Lv
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Hanyu Pan
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Jingyi Zhang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China
| | - Lixia Wang
- Northeast Institute of Geography and Agroecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Changchun, 130102, China
| | - Yanbin Zhu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, 850009, China
| | - Wangdui Basang
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Tibet Academy of Agriculture and Animal Husbandry Science, Lhasa, 850009, China
| | - Yunhang Gao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, Jilin Agricultural University, Changchun, 130118, China.
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Peng W, Lin S, Deng Z, Liang R. Bioaugmentation removal and microbiome analysis of the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol from hostile conditions and environmental samples by Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3. CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 317:137893. [PMID: 36690257 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137893] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Revised: 01/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/15/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic estrogens are emerging environmental contaminants with great estrogenic activities and stable structures that are widespread in various ecological systems and significantly threaten the health of organisms. Pseudomonas citronellolis SJTE-3 is reported to degrade the synthetic estrogen 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) efficiently in laboratory conditions. In this work, the environmental adaptability, the EE2-degrading properties, and the ecological effects of P. citronellolis SJTE-3 under different hostile conditions (heavy metals and surfactants) and various natural environment samples (solid soil, lake water, and pig manure) were studied. Strain SJTE-3 can tolerate high concentrations of Zn2+ and Cr3+, but is relatively sensitive to Cu2+. Tween 80 of low concentration can significantly promote EE2 degradation by strain SJTE-3, different from the repressing effect of Triton X-100. High concentration of Tween 80 prolonged the lagging phase of EE2-degrading process, while the final EE2 removal efficiency was improved. More importantly, strain SJTE-3 can grow normally and degrade estrogen stably in various environmental samples. Inoculation of strain SJTE-3 removed the intrinsic synthetic and natural estrogens (EE2 and estrone) in lake water samples in 4 days, and eliminated over 90% of the amended 1 mg/L EE2 in 2 days. Bioaugmentation of strain SJTE-3 in EE2-supplied solid soil and pig manure samples achieved a removal rate of over 55% and 70% of 1 mg/kg EE2 within 2 weeks. Notably, the bioaugmentation of extrinsic strain SJTE-3 had a slight influence on indigenous bacterial community in pig manure samples, and its relative abundance decreased significantly after EE2 removal. Amendment of EE2 or strain SJTE-3 in manure samples enhanced the abundance of Proteobacteria and Actinobacteria, implying their potential in utilizing EE2 or its metabolites. These findings not only shed a light on the environment adaptability and degradation efficiency of strain SJTE-3, but also provide insights for bioremediation application in complex and synthetic estrogen polluted environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wanli Peng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Shuangjun Lin
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Zixin Deng
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China
| | - Rubing Liang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Metabolism, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China; Joint International Research Laboratory of Metabolic and Developmental Sciences, School of Life Sciences and Biotechnology, Shanghai Jiao Tong University, Shanghai, 200240, China.
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Hung HS, Yeh KJC, Chen TC. Investigation of free and conjugated estrogen fate and emission coefficients in three duck farms. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:9874-9885. [PMID: 36059016 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-022-22829-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/28/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Concentration animal feeding operation (CAFO) is an important source of environmental estrogen. However, to the best of our knowledge, the data on estrogen discharge during duck breeding and growth is insufficient. This study used liquid chromatography with tandem mass spectrometry (LC/MS/MS) to analyze the free and conjugated estrogen concentrations in the surface water, outlet water, groundwater, and duck manure/soil mixture at three duck farms in Taiwan. Natural estrogen species included estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3), estrone-3-sulfate (E1-3S), 17β-estradiol-3-sulfate (E2-3S), estrone-3-glucuronide (E1-3G), and 17β-estradiol-3-glucuronide (E2-3G), whereas synthetic estrogen included 17α-ethynylestradiol (EE2) and diethylstilbestrol (DES). This study showed that the total estrogen concentrations in the surface water and groundwater were 15.4 and 4.5 ng/L, respectively, which constituted 56% and 58%, respectively, conjugated estrogen. From the pond to the outlet water, the total estrogen concentration decreased by 3.9 ng/L (23% loss) in the duck farms. However, the estrogenic potency was slightly reduced from 0.91 to 0.88 E2 equivalent/L, showing a negligible decrease. From the pond to the outlet water, the field results showed that converting the conjugated estrogen into free estrogen in the duck farm-released water increased their environmental hazard. Primarily E1, with an average concentration of 0.9 ± 1.6 ng/g, was present in the duck manure. The estrogen excreted by the ducks in the pond (from surface water to outlet water) was estimated to be 0.18 kg/million head-year. Although the estrogen concentration in the duck farms was low, the environmental impact of CAFO should not be neglected.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao-Shen Hung
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Jyum C Yeh
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan
| | - Ting-Chien Chen
- Department of Environmental Science and Engineering, National Pingtung University of Science and Technology, Pingtung, 91201, Taiwan.
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Wang Y, Zhong L, Song X, Adeel M, Yang Y. Natural colloids facilitated transport of steroidal estrogens in saturated porous media: Mechanism and processes. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 315:120315. [PMID: 36216178 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120315] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2022] [Revised: 09/23/2022] [Accepted: 09/27/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
Steroid estrogens (SEs) as typical endocrine disrupting compounds (EDCs) are widely detected in terrestrial environment, whilst the transport of SEs in groundwater remains unwell understood. Specifically, the effects of ubiquitous natural colloids on the SEs transport are unclear in subsurface environment, especially in aquifer systems. Here, the influence of inorganic colloids (i.e. silica and illite) and organic colloids, i.e. Humic acid (HA), on the transport of estrone (E1) and estradiol (E2) in saturated porous media was studied utilizing laboratory scale column experiments. Characterization on the colloids and porous aquifer material was conducted to provide a basis for interpretation of the experimental findings. Results showed that the transport of SEs was clearly affected by the natural colloids migrating through the saturated porous media. About 38.5% of E1 and 24.6% of E2 were retained in the column when colloids were absent in the system. When transporting with silica colloids, illite colloids, and HA colloids, the transport of E1 was enhanced by 15.64%, 11.17% and 25.60%, respectively; whilst the transport of E2 was improved by 19.56%, 23.06% and 36.40%, respectively. The SEs transport enhancement by colloids depended upon not only the mobility of the colloids but also their geochemical characteristics. The organic colloids showed 1.5-2.5 times greater ability on promoting the transport of SEs than the inorganic ones tested in this study. The proposed mechanisms of nature colloids facilitated transport of SEs including competing for adsorption sites on the sand surfaces by the colloids resulting mobilization of adsorbed SEs from solid matrix, and transport of colloids as carriers for SEs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuanyuan Wang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, China
| | - Lirong Zhong
- Energy and Environment Directorate, Pacific Northwest National Laboratory, Richland, WA, 99352, USA
| | - Xiaoming Song
- Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Region Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110044, China
| | - Muhammad Adeel
- BNU-HKUST Laboratory of Green Innovation, Advanced Institute of Natural Sciences, Beijing Normal University at Zhuhai, Zhuhai, 519085, China
| | - Yuesuo Yang
- Key Lab of Groundwater Resources and Environment (Jilin University), Ministry of Education, Changchun, 130021, China; Key Lab of Eco-restoration of Region Contaminated Environment (Shenyang University), Ministry of Education, Shenyang, 110044, China.
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Gomes FBR, Fernandes PAA, Bottrel SEC, Brandt EMF, Pereira RDO. Fate, occurrence, and removal of estrogens in livestock wastewaters. WATER SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY : A JOURNAL OF THE INTERNATIONAL ASSOCIATION ON WATER POLLUTION RESEARCH 2022; 86:814-833. [PMID: 36038979 DOI: 10.2166/wst.2022.238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
During the last decades, livestock and animal feeding operations have been expanded. In parallel, these activities are among the major sources of estrogens in the environment. Thus, considering the environmental and health risks associated with estrogenic compounds, this work reviews the fate, occurrence, and removal of free and conjugated E1, E2, and E3 in livestock wastewaters. A systematic literature review was carried out, and after applying the eligibility criteria, 66 peer-reviewed papers were selected. Results suggest high estrogen concentrations and, consequently, high estrogenic activity, especially in samples from swine farming. E1 and E2 are frequently found in wastewaters from bovine, swine, and other livestock effluents. Aerobic treatment processes were more efficient for estrogen removal, whereas anaerobic systems seem poorly effective. Removal efficiencies of estrogens and estrogenic activity of up to 90% were reported for constructed wetlands, advanced pond systems, trickling filters, membrane bioreactors, aerated and nitrifying reactors, combined air flotation, and vegetable oil capture processes. High concentrations found in wastewaters from livestock allied to the removal efficiencies reported for anaerobic processes (usually used to treat livestock wastewaters) evidence the importance of monitoring these compounds in environmental matrices.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernanda Bento Rosa Gomes
- Civil Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Jose Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Pedro Antônio Alves Fernandes
- Department of Sanitary and vpEnvironmental Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Jose Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Sue Ellen Costa Bottrel
- Civil Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Jose Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil E-mail: ; Department of Sanitary and vpEnvironmental Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Jose Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
| | - Emanuel Manfred Freire Brandt
- Civil Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Jose Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil E-mail:
| | - Renata de Oliveira Pereira
- Civil Engineering Graduate Program, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Jose Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil E-mail: ; Department of Sanitary and vpEnvironmental Engineering, Federal University of Juiz de Fora, Jose Lourenço Kelmer s/n, Campus UFJF, Juiz de Fora, Minas Gerais 36036-900, Brazil
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Syed Z, Sogani M, Kumar A, Rajvanshi J, Sharma G, Sonu K. Biodegradation of synthetic estrogen using bioelectrochemical system and degradation pathway analysis through Quadrupole-time-of-flight-mass spectrometry. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2022; 349:126857. [PMID: 35183727 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2022.126857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/03/2022] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/12/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Synthetic estrogenic compounds such as 17α-ethinylestradiol (EE2) are significant environmental contaminants. This research studied the biodegradation of EE2 utilizing the EE2 adapted cells isolated from a dairy farm waste site in suspension flask vis-a-vis Bioelectrochemical System (BES) and compared the power output in the BES with and without EE2 as a co-substrate. 78% removal of EE2 was observed in the BES as against 60% removal in suspension flasks. The maximum power density in the BES increased about 53% when EE2 is used as a co-substrate. The EE2 biodegradation studied using HPLC and Q-TOF methods, also proposes a hypothetical pathway for EE2 degradation by the newly isolated strain Rhodopseudomonas palustris MDOC01 and reports the significant metabolites like nicotinic acid and oxoproline being detected during bioelectrochemical treatment process of EE2. Study also suggests that Plasma peroxide treatment of anode material enhanced the overall performance in terms of biodegradation efficiency and power output.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zainab Syed
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - Monika Sogani
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India.
| | - Anu Kumar
- The Commonwealth Scientific and Industrial Research Organisation (CSIRO), L&W, Waite Campus, Urrbrae, SA 5064, Australia
| | - Jayana Rajvanshi
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - Gopesh Sharma
- Department of Biosciences, Manipal University Jaipur, Jaipur 303007, Rajasthan, India
| | - Kumar Sonu
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Kashi Institute of Technology, Varanasi 221307, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Du B, Yu W, Yang L, Fan G, Yang S, Jiang H, Bi S, Yu C. Migration and abiotic transformation of estrone (E1) and estrone-3-sulfate (E1-3S) during soil column transport. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2022; 44:911-924. [PMID: 34117975 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-021-00968-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/19/2020] [Accepted: 05/06/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Steroid estrogens have received worldwide attention and given rise to great challenges of aquatic ecosystems security, posing potential adverse effects on aquatic organisms and human health even at low levels (ng/L). The present study focused on understanding the mobility and abiotic transformation of estrone (E1) and estrone-3-sulfate (E1-3S) over spatial and time scales during soil transport. Column transport experiments showed that the migration capacity of E1-3S was far stronger than E1 in soil. The calculated groundwater ubiquity score and leachability index values also indicated the high leaching mobility of E1-3S. The hydrolysis of E1-3S and abiotic transformation into estradiol and estriol was observed in the sterilized soil. Furthermore, possible transformation products (e.g., SE239, E2378, E1 dimer538, E1-E2 dimer541) of E1 and E1-3S in soil were analyzed and identified after the column transport experiments. The estrogenic activity was estimated by 17β-estradiol equivalency values during the transport process in aqueous and soil phases. Additionally, the potential leaching transport to groundwater of E1-3S requires further critical concern.
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Affiliation(s)
- Banghao Du
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
| | - Weiwei Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China.
| | - Lun Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
| | - Gongduan Fan
- College of Civil Engineering, Fuzhou University, Fuzhou, 350116, Fujian, China
| | - Shuo Yang
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
| | - Hui Jiang
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
| | - Shenglan Bi
- Chongqing Comprehensive Management Center of Urban Pipeline, Chongqing, 400014, China
| | - Cheng Yu
- Key Laboratory of Hydraulic and Waterway Engineering of the Ministry of Education, School of River and Ocean Engineering, Chongqing Jiaotong University, Chongqing, 400074, China
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11
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Sun S, Abdellah YAY, Miao L, Wu B, Ma T, Wang Y, Zang H, Zhao X, Li C. Impact of microbial inoculants combined with humic acid on the fate of estrogens during pig manure composting under low-temperature conditions. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2022; 424:127713. [PMID: 34815123 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.127713] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/30/2021] [Revised: 10/25/2021] [Accepted: 11/03/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
To investigate the efficiency of psychrotrophic cellulose-degrading fungal strains (PCDFSs) and estrogen-degrading bacteria (EDBs) combined with humic acid (HA) on estrone (E1) and 17-β-estradiol (E2) degradation, five compost groups (T, HA, EDB, PCDFS, and CK) were prepared and composted for 32 days at 11-14°C. The results indicated that inoculation increased the temperature to 62.2°C and promoted E1 degradation to the lowest level of 100.1 ng/kg, while E2 was undetected from day 16. Metagenomic analysis revealed that inoculation altered the microbial community structure by increasing the abundance of cellulose-degrading fungi, especially Meyerozyma (16.7%) (among PCDFSs), and of estrogen-degrading bacteria, particularly Microbacterium (13.4%) (involved in EDBs). Moreover, inoculation increased the levels (>0.500%) of Gene Ontology (GO) associated with estrogen degradation, like 3-β-hydroxy-delta 5-steroid dehydrogenase and monooxygenase. Redundancy analysis demonstrated that temperature and Microbacterium were positively correlated with estrogen degradation. Structural equation model indicated that temperature and estrogen-degrading bacterial genera exhibited positive, significant (p < 0.001) and direct impacts on estrogen degradation. This is the first study to suggest that applying microbial inoculants and HA could accelerate estrogen degradation during composting in cold regions. The research outcomes offer a practical reference for managing compost safety, thereby decreasing its potential environmental and human health impacts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanshan Sun
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | | | - Lei Miao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Bowen Wu
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Tian Ma
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Yue Wang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Hailian Zang
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Xinyue Zhao
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China
| | - Chunyan Li
- College of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin 150030, Heilongjiang, PR China.
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12
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Tang Z, Wan YP, Liu ZH, Wang H, Dang Z, Liu Y. Twelve natural estrogens in urines of swine and cattle: Concentration profiles and importance of eight less-studied. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 803:150042. [PMID: 34525709 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150042] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/26/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Although four major natural estrogens (i.e., estrone (E1), 17β-estradiol (E2), estriol (E3) and 17α-estradiol (αE2)) have been commonly found in livestock urine, this study reports the occurrence of eight other less-studied natural estrogens in urine of swine and cattle, i.e. 2-hydroxyestone (2OHE1), 4-hydroxyestrone (4OHE1), 2-hydroxyestradiol (2OHE2), 4-hydroxyestradiol (4OHE2), 16-epiestriol (16epiE3), 16α-hydroxyestrone (16αE1), 16-ketoestradiol (16ketoE2), and 17epiestriol (17epiE3). Results showed that each estrogen was found in at least one urine sample, and 6 of 8 the less-studied estrogens were present at frequencies of ≥90% in boars, ≥70% in sows, and ≥50% in dairy cattle. Five of eight the less-studied estrogens were present at frequencies of ≥33.3% in four beef cattle and one bull. On a concentration basis, the 8 less-studied natural estrogens represented 73.2%, 85.2%, 39.9%, 47.7%, 26.9%, 56.0% and 44.1% of total concentrations of the twelve natural estrogens when combining data from all animals. Similar results were observed based on estrogen equivalence, which indicated these newly detected eight less-studied natural estrogens were not negligible. This work is the first to figure out the importance of these less-studied natural estrogens in livestock urine, and their potential environmental risks associated with discharge of livestock wastewater should be urgently assessed in a holistic manner.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhao Tang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yi-Ping Wan
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Ze-Hua Liu
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Key Lab Pollution Control & Ecosystem Restoration in Industry Cluster, Ministry of Education, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China; Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Solid Wastes Pollution Control and Recycling, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China.
| | - Hao Wang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Zhi Dang
- School of Environment and Energy, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510006, Guangdong, China
| | - Yu Liu
- School of Civil and Environmental Engineering, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 639798, Singapore
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13
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Li S, Hong D, Chen W, Wang J, Sun K. Extracellular laccase-activated humification of phenolic pollutants and its application in plant growth. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 802:150005. [PMID: 34525729 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.150005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2021] [Revised: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 08/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Humification processes of phenolic pollutants may play a profound role in environment purification and plant growth. However, little literature is performed to explore exoenzyme-driven humification to polymerize 17β-estradiol (E2) and humic constituents (HCs), and the effects of their polymeric precipitates on plant growth are usually overlooked. Herein, E2 conversion and radish (Raphanus sativus L.) growth were systematically investigated under humification mediated by extracellular laccase (EL) of Trametes versicolor. Results disclosed that EL-assisted humification achieved a wonderful E2 conversion efficiency (>99%) within 2-h, but the presence of HCs such as humic acid (HA), vanillic acid (VA), and ferulic acid (FA) impeded E2 elimination significantly. Compared with HC-free, the kinetics constants declined by 2.84-, 5.72-, and 5.22-fold with HA, VA, and FA present, respectively. Intriguingly, three close-knit self/cross-linked precipitates (i.e., E2-HA, E2-VA, and E2-FA hybrid precipitates) in dark gray, dark brown, and deep yellow were created after a continuous humification by phenolic radical-initiated polymerization mechanisms. The formation of these humified precipitates was extremely effective on circumventing phytotoxicity caused by monomeric E2, VA, or FA. Furthermore, they acted as humic-like organic fertilizers, accelerating seed germination, root elongation, and enhancing NaCl-tolerance of radish through the combination of oxygen-contained functional components and auxin structural analogues with unstable and stubborn carbon skeletons. This is the first study reporting the pollution purification and plant growth promotion in EL-activated humification. Our findings frame valuable perspectives regarding the natural detoxification and carbon sequestration of phenolic pollutants and the application of their polymeric precipitates in global crop production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shunyao Li
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Anhui University, Jiulong Road 111, Hefei 230039, Anhui, China
| | - Dan Hong
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Wenjun Chen
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Jun Wang
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China
| | - Kai Sun
- School of Resources and Environment, Anhui Agricultural University, 130 Changjiang West Road, Hefei 230036, Anhui, China.
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14
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Liu S, Wang Z, Chen Y, Cao T, Zhao G. Recognition and Selectivity Analysis Monitoring of Multicomponent Steroid Estrogen Mixtures in Complex Systems Using a Group-Targeting Environmental Sensor. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2021; 55:14115-14125. [PMID: 34460232 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.1c03683] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The same class of steroid estrogen mixtures, coexisting in the environment of 17β-estradiol, estrone (E1), and ethinyl estradiol (EE2), have strong ability to disrupt the human endocrine system and are seriously prejudicial to the health of the organism and environmental safety. Herein, a highly sensitive and group-targeting environmental monitoring sensor was fabricated for a comprehensive analysis of multicomponent steroid estrogens (multi-SEs) in complex systems. This breakthrough was based on the highly sensitive photoelectrochemical response composite material CdSe NPs-TiO2 nanotube and highly group-specific aptamers. The optimized procedure exhibited not only high sensitivity in a wide range of concentrations from 0.1 to 50 nM, indeed, the minimum detection limit was 33 pM, but also strong resistance to interference. The affinity and consistent action pockets of this sensor enable selective detection of multi-SEs in complex systems. It subsequently was applied for the analysis of multi-SEs from three real samples in the environment including medical wastewater, river water, and tap water to provide a means to clarify the fate of multi-SEs in the process of migration and transformation. This monitoring sensor has a brilliant application prospect for the identification and monitoring of the same class of endocrine-disrupting chemical mixtures in environmental complex systems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siyao Liu
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Zhiming Wang
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Yuqing Chen
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Tongcheng Cao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
| | - Guohua Zhao
- School of Chemical Science and Engineering, Shanghai Key Lab of Chemical Assessment and Sustainability, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, China
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15
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Mainetti T, Palmisano M, Rezzonico F, Stres B, Kern S, Smits THM. Broad diversity of bacteria degrading 17ß-estradiol-3-sulfate isolated from river sediment and biofilm at a wastewater treatment plant discharge. Arch Microbiol 2021; 203:4209-4219. [PMID: 34080042 PMCID: PMC8360860 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-021-02409-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/31/2020] [Revised: 05/13/2021] [Accepted: 05/25/2021] [Indexed: 10/31/2022]
Abstract
Conjugated estrogens, such as 17β-estradiol-3-sulfate (E2-3S), can be released into aquatic environments through wastewater treatment plants (WWTP). There, they are microbiologically degraded into free estrogens, which can have harmful effects on aquatic wildlife. Here, the degradation of E2-3S in environmental samples taken upstream, downstream and at the effluent of a WWTP was assessed. Sediment and biofilm samples were enriched for E2-3S-degrading microorganisms, yielding a broad diversity of bacterial isolates, including known and novel degraders of estrogens. Since E2-3S-degrading bacteria were also isolated in the sample upstream of the WWTP, the WWTP does not influence the ability of the microbial community to degrade E2-3S.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tamara Mainetti
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Marilena Palmisano
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Fabio Rezzonico
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Blaž Stres
- Faculty of Civil and Geodetic Engineering, University of Ljubljana, Ljubljana, Slovenia.,Jozef Stefan Institute, Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Susanne Kern
- Environmental Analytics Group, Institute of Chemistry and Biotechnology, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland
| | - Theo H M Smits
- Environmental Genomics and Systems Biology Research Group, Institute of Natural Resource Sciences, Zurich University of Applied Sciences (ZHAW), Wädenswil, Switzerland.
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16
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Tao HY, Zhang J, Shi J, Guo W, Liu X, Zhang M, Ge H, Li XY. Occurrence and emission of phthalates, bisphenol A, and oestrogenic compounds in concentrated animal feeding operations in Southern China. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 207:111521. [PMID: 33254396 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111521] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2020] [Revised: 10/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Phthalates (PAEs), bisphenol A (BPA), and oestrogenic compounds have become major concerns due to their endocrine-disrupting effect. However, few studies related to the occurrence of PAEs, BPA, and oestrogen in food and compost from different growth age livestock have been conducted. In this study, faeces, urine and food samples were collected from a typical livestock (cow) and a special livestock (pigeon) from concentrated animal feeding operations (CAFOs). The daily total oestrogen excretion of a single cow ranged from 192 μg/day to 671 μg/day, which was significantly higher than that of a single pigeon (0-0.01 μg/day). Conjugated oestrogens represented 22.0-46.0% of the total oestrogens excreted from cow faeces and 80.7-91.8% of those from cow urine, indicating that the form of the excreted oestrogens depends on the livestock species and type of excrement. BPA was all detected in all livestock manure and food, and the concentration in pigeon was 9.2-40.2 ng/g and 23.1 ng/g respectively, while that in cattle was 50.5-72.0 ng/g and 41.1 ng/g respectively. The results indicated that the food is significant sources of BPA entering the process of cow and pigeon breeding. Diethyl phthalate (DEP) was detected at high frequency in pigeon faeces samples, suggesting that pigeons were highly exposed to these plasticisers. The total oestradiol equivalent quantity (EEQt) of livestock origin in aquatic environments was estimated to be 2.99 ng/L, which was higher than the baseline hazard value (1 ng/L) (Xu et al., 2018). The study provides data on the emissions and sources of PAEs, BPA, and oestrogenic compounds from different livestock in CAFOs and demonstrates that food is a significant source of BPA entering livestock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Huan-Yu Tao
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jiawei Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China; Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
| | - Jianghong Shi
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Wei Guo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China.
| | - Xiaowei Liu
- School of Resources and Environmental Engineering, Hefei University of Technology, Hefei, China
| | - Mengtao Zhang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Hui Ge
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Soil and Groundwater Pollution Control, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Southern University of Science and Technology, Shenzhen, China
| | - Xiao-Yan Li
- Environmental Engineering Research Centre, Department of Civil Engineering, The University of Hong Kong, Pokfulam, Hong Kong, China
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17
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Zhang K, Zhang Z, Hu Z, Zeng F, Chen C, Yang X, Li Y. Bacterial community composition and function succession under aerobic and anaerobic conditions impacts the biodegradation of 17β-estradiol and its environmental risk. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2020; 267:115155. [PMID: 32871481 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2020.115155] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2020] [Revised: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 06/30/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The widespread detection of 17β-estradiol (E2) in the environment has become an emerging concern worldwide due to its endocrine disrupting effects. This work focuses on the aerobic and anaerobic biodegradations of E2 in various sedimentary environments with different availabilities of electron acceptors, including O2, NO3-, Fe3+, SO42-, or HCO3-. The highest removal efficiency (98.9%) and shortest degradation half-life of E2 (t1/2 = 5.0 d) were achieved under aerobic condition, followed by nitrate-reducing, ferric-reducing, sulfate-reducing and methanogenic conditions. We propose four different degradation pathways of E2 based on the metabolites identified under various redox conditions. Although most of E2 was effectively removed under aerobic condition, the potential environmental risk still needs to be considered due to the residual estrogenic activity induced by estrone (E1) formation. The endocrine-disrupting activities, as indicated by estradiol equivalent (EEQ) values, were related to E2 degradation rate and metabolite formation. We further analyzed the succession of bacterial community compositions and functions using Illumina HiSeq sequencing and Phylogenetic Investigation of Communities by Reconstruction of Unobserved States (PICRUSt). The findings herein evidenced that bacterial community compositions and metabolic functions associated with different redox conditions impact the biodegradation of E2 and its endocrine-disrupting activity. This knowledge will be useful in predicting the environmental fates of estrogenic hormones in various sedimentary environments and aid in establishing appropriate strategies for eliminating potential environmental risks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kun Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; College of Materials and Energy, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zhen Zhang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Zheng Hu
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Feifan Zeng
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Chengyu Chen
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Xingjian Yang
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China
| | - Yongtao Li
- College of Natural Resources and Environment, Joint Institute for Environmental Research & Education, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou, 510642, China; Agro-Environmental Protection Institute, Ministry of Agriculture, Tianjin, 300191, China.
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