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Yuan F, Yao R, Sadrizadeh S, Awbi H, Luo H, Li B. The influence of activity patterns and relative humidity on particle resuspension in classrooms. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 946:173898. [PMID: 38866141 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2024.173898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2024] [Revised: 05/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/08/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
This paper investigates the impact of children's recess activity patterns on particulate matter (PM) resuspension in indoor environments, highlighting the complex, multi-dimensional nature of these activities and their interaction with environmental parameters. Despite the recognized role of indoor human activity in PM resuspension, research specifically addressing the effects of children's movements has been sparse. Through experimental scenarios that account for the characteristics of student activities, such as movement speed, trajectory, the number of participants, aisle widths, and varying humidity levels, this study uncovers significant differences in PM resuspension rates. It reveals that not only do movement speed and trajectory have a profound impact, but also the interaction between humidity and these factors plays a critical role, especially under lower humidity conditions. Additionally, the study demonstrates how the combination of people density and spatial configurations can significantly influence resuspension rates. The findings offer valuable insights for designing strategies to mitigate particle pollution in classrooms and similar indoor environments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Feng Yuan
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Runming Yao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China; School of the Built Environment, University of Reading, UK.
| | - Sasan Sadrizadeh
- Department of Civil and Architectural Engineering, KTH Royal Institute of Technology, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Hazim Awbi
- School of the Built Environment, University of Reading, UK
| | - Hao Luo
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
| | - Baizhan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), Chongqing University, Chongqing 400045, China
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2
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Zhou Y, Zhang X, Zhang C, Chen B, Gu B. Mitigating air pollution benefits multiple sustainable development goals in China. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123992. [PMID: 38631451 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123992] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2024] [Revised: 03/27/2024] [Accepted: 04/14/2024] [Indexed: 04/19/2024]
Abstract
Achieving the United nations 2030 Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs) remains a significant challenge, necessitating urgent and prioritized strategies. Among the various challenges, air pollution continues to pose one of the most substantial threats to the SDGs due to its widespread adverse effects on human health and ecosystems. However, the connections between air pollution and the SDGs have often been overlooked. This study reveals that out of the 169 SDG targets, 71 are adversely impacted by air pollution, while only 6 show potential positive effects. In China, two major atmospheric nitrogen pollutants, ammonia and nitrogen oxides, resulted in an economic loss of 400 billion United States Dollar (USD) in 2020, which could be reduced by 33% and 34% by 2030, respectively. It would enhance the progress towards SDGs in China by 14%, directly contributing to the achievement of SDGs 1 to 6 and 11 to 15. This improvement is estimated to yield overall benefits totaling 119 billion USD, exceeded the total implementation cost of 82 billion USD with ammonia as the preferential mitigation target. This study underscores the importance of robust scientific evidence in integrated policies aimed at aligning improvements in environmental quality with the priorities of sustainable development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yi Zhou
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Xiuming Zhang
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Policy Simulation Laboratory, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Chuanzhen Zhang
- School of Agriculture, Food and Ecosystem Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
| | - Binhui Chen
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China
| | - Baojing Gu
- College of Environmental and Resource Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Agricultural Resources and Environment, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China; Ministry of Education Key Laboratory of Environment Remediation and Ecological Health, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, China.
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3
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Jo HH, Kang Y, Kim S. Synergistic approaches to elevate indoor air quality: A holistic examination of classroom refinement, air exchange optimization, and flooring material impact. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2024; 349:123920. [PMID: 38582187 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2024.123920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/20/2024] [Revised: 03/15/2024] [Accepted: 04/01/2024] [Indexed: 04/08/2024]
Abstract
This research endeavors to elevate indoor air quality within aging school environments by concentrating on refining interior finishing materials and windows. Renovations, encompassing window and floor remodeling in classrooms, aim to mitigate particulate matter (PM) infiltration and enhance air exchange rates. Utilizing SPS30 sensors for the analysis of 0.3-2.5 μm particles, with a focus on their implications for human health, the study evaluated air exchange rates, deposition rates, infiltration rates, and particle generation during classroom activities. Post-renovation results demonstrated a noteworthy decrease in air exchange rates, indicating an enhancement in airtightness. The investigation delves into particle generation with various flooring materials, accentuating the importance of opting for durable and low-particle-generating alternatives. Health risk assessments, considering multiple exposure routes (inhalation, dermal contact, and ingestion), revealed reduced risks post-renovation, particularly for children. To further optimize indoor air quality, the study suggests the implementation of air purification systems. Examination of PM generation during student activities showcased a substantial reduction post-renovation. This study underscores the positive influence of architectural enhancements on indoor air quality while acknowledging the necessity for holistic solutions and continuous research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ho Hyeon Jo
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Yujin Kang
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea
| | - Sumin Kim
- Department of Architecture and Architectural Engineering, Yonsei University, Seoul, 03722, Republic of Korea.
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4
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Rannaud-Bartaire P, Demeneix BA, Fini JB. Pressures of the urban environment on the endocrine system: Adverse effects and adaptation. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2024; 583:112125. [PMID: 38147952 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2023.112125] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Revised: 12/10/2023] [Accepted: 12/11/2023] [Indexed: 12/28/2023]
Abstract
With an increasing collective awareness of the rapid environmental changes, questions and theories regarding the adaptability of organisms are emerging. Global warming as well as chemical and non-chemical pollution have been identified as triggers of these adaptative changes, but can we link different kinds of stressors to certain phenotypic traits? The physiological adaptation, and particularly endocrine system adaptation, of living beings to urban environments is a fascinating way of studying urban endocrinology, which has emerged as a research field in 2007. In this paper, we stress how endocrine disruption in humans and environment can be studied in the urban environment by measuring the levels of pollution, endocrine activities or adversity. We broaden the focus to include not only exposure to the chemicals that have invaded our private spheres and their effects on wild and domestic species but also non-chemical effectors such as light, noise and climate change. We argue that taking into account the various urban stress factors and their effects on the endocrine system would enable the adoption of new approaches to protect living organisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patricia Rannaud-Bartaire
- PhyMa Unit, CNRS UMR 7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005, Paris, France; Université Catholique de Lille, l'hôpital Saint-Vincent-De-Paul, Boulevard de Belfort, 59000, Lille, France
| | - Barbara A Demeneix
- PhyMa Unit, CNRS UMR 7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005, Paris, France
| | - Jean-Baptiste Fini
- PhyMa Unit, CNRS UMR 7221, Muséum National d'Histoire Naturelle, F-75005, Paris, France.
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Bolat S, Demir S, Erer H, Pelit F, Dzingelevičienė R, Ligor T, Buszewski B, Pelit L. MOF-801 based solid phase microextraction fiber for the monitoring of indoor BTEX pollution. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2024; 466:133607. [PMID: 38280318 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2024.133607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 01/29/2024]
Abstract
Benzene, toluene, ethylbenzene and xylenes (BTEX) are some of the better-known indoor air pollutants, for which effective monitoring is important. The analysis of BTEX can be performed by different type of solid phase microextraction (SPME) fibers. This study presents a proposal for a low cost, convenient and environmentally friendly analytical method for the determination of BTEX in air samples using custom made SPME fibers. In this context, custom made metal organic frameworks (MOF-801) were coated on a stainless-steel wire for SPME fiber preparation. The analysis of BTEX was performed by introducing SPME fiber into an analyte-containing Tedlar bag in steady-state conditions. After the sampling step, the analytes were analyzed using gas chromatography mass spectrometry in selected ion monitoring mode. Parameters that affect the analysis results were optimized; these include desorption temperature and time, preconditioning time, extraction temperature and time, and sample volume. Under optimized conditions, analytical figure of merits of developed method were obtained, including limits of detection (LOD) (0.012 - 0.048 mg/m3), linear ranges (0.041-18 mg/m3), intraday and interday repeatability (2.08 - 4.04% and 3.94 - 6.35%), and fiber to fiber reproducibility (7.51 - 11.17%). The proposed method was successfully applied to real air samples with an acceptable recovery values between 84.5% and 110.9%. The developed method can be applied for the effective monitoring of BTEX.
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Affiliation(s)
- Serkan Bolat
- Department of Occupational Health and Safety, Vocational School, İzmir University of Economics, İzmir, Türkiye; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye.
| | - Sevde Demir
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Hakan Erer
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Eskişehir Osmangazi University, Eskişehir, Türkiye
| | - Füsun Pelit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye; Translational Pulmonary Research Center (Ege TPRC), Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
| | - Reda Dzingelevičienė
- Faculty of Health Sciences, Marine Research Institute, Klaipeda University, Klaipeda, Lithuania
| | - Tomasz Ligor
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland
| | - Bogusław Buszewski
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Nicolaus Copernicus University, Toruń, Poland; Prof. Jan Czochralski Kuyavian-Pomeranian Science and Technology Center, 4 Krasińskiego str., 87 100 Toruń, Poland
| | - Levent Pelit
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye; Translational Pulmonary Research Center (Ege TPRC), Ege University, İzmir, Türkiye
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6
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Dwivedi S, Zehra F, Masih J, Gupta T, Lawrence A. Investigating the temporal dynamics of sub-micron particles and particle-bound transition metals in indoor air of a metropolitan city. ENVIRONMENTAL GEOCHEMISTRY AND HEALTH 2024; 46:49. [PMID: 38227135 DOI: 10.1007/s10653-023-01786-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2023] [Accepted: 11/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/17/2024]
Abstract
The present study portrays an association between particle-bound transition metals and children's health. The indoor air quality of the urban metropolitan city households was monitored for four PM sizes, namely PM1.0-2.5, PM0.50-1.0, PM0.25-0.50 and PM<0.25, in major seasons observed in the city; summer and winter. Further transition/heavy metals, viz. Cr, Cu, Fe, Mn, Ni, Pb and Zn, were analysed in PM1-2.5 samples. In order to evaluate the effect, health risk assessment was performed using mathematical and computational model for assessing dermal exposure and dose estimation (multiple path particle dosimetry model version3.0). The study principally targeted the children aged 2-15 years for the health risk assessment. According to the results, for the largest particle size i.e. PM1.0-2.5 the highest deposition was in the head region (49.1%) followed by pulmonary (43.6%) and tracheobronchial region (7.2%), whereas, for the smallest particle size i.e. PM<0.25 the highest deposition was obtained in the pulmonary region (73.0%) followed by the head (13.6%) and TB region (13.2%). Also, the most imperilled group of children with highest dose accumulation was found to be children aged 8-9 years for all particle sizes. Moreover, the dermal exposure dose as evaluated was found to be preeminent for Ni, Zn and Pb. Besides, seasonal variation gesticulated towards elevated concentrations in winter relative to the summer season. Altogether, the study will provide a conception to the researchers in the fields mounting season-specific guidelines and mitigation approaches. Conclusively, the study commends future work focussing on defining the effects of other chemical components on particles and associated transition metal composition along with proper extenuation of the same.
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Affiliation(s)
- Samridhi Dwivedi
- Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, India
| | - Farheen Zehra
- Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, India
| | - Jamson Masih
- Department of Chemistry, Wilson College, Mumbai, India
| | - Tarun Gupta
- Department of Civil Engineering, Indian Institute of Technology, Kanpur, India
| | - Alfred Lawrence
- Department of Chemistry, Isabella Thoburn College, Lucknow, India.
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7
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Chirumbolo S, Gibellini D, Berto L, Cirrito C, Vella A, Bjørklund G, Sbarbati A, Bernardi P, Tirelli U. TiO 2-Ag-NP adhesive photocatalytic films able to disinfect living indoor spaces with a straightforward approach. Sci Rep 2023; 13:4200. [PMID: 36918713 PMCID: PMC10011799 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-31464-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2022] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 03/16/2023] Open
Abstract
TiO2-Ag doped nanoparticulate (TiO2-Ag-NP) adhesive photocatalytic films were used to assess the ability in dropping down the burden of indoor microbial particles. The application of an easy-to use photocatalytic adhesive film to cleanse indoor living spaces from microbial pollution, represents a novelty in the field of photocatalytic devices. Reduction was attained by photocatalysis in selected spaces, usually with overcrowding (≥ 3 individuals) in the common working daily hours, and upon indoor microclimate monitoring. TiO2-Ag doped nanoparticulate (TiO2-Ag-NP) adhesive photocatalytic films were applied within five types of living spaces, including schools and job places. The microbial pollution was assessed at time 0 (far from routine clean, ≥ 9 h) and throughout 2-4 weeks following the photocatalyst application by relative light unit (RLU) luminometry and microbial indirect assessment (colony forming units per cubic meter, CFU/m3). TiO2-Ag-NP photocatalyst reduced RLU and CFU/m3 by rates higher than 70% leading to RLU ≤ 20 and microbial presence ≤ 35 CFU/m3. The described TiO2-Ag-NP is able to reduce microbial pollution to the lowest RLU threshold (≤ 20) within 60 min in open daylight in a standardized test room of 100 m2. The correlation between RLU and CFU/m3 was positive (r = 0.5545, p < 0.05), assessing that the microbial reduction of indoor areas by the TiO2-Ag-NP adhesive film was real. Titania photocatalysts represent promising tools to ensure air cleaning and sanitization in living indoor microclimates with a low cost, feasible and straightforward approach. This approach represents an easy to handle, cost effective, feasible and efficacious approach to reduce microbial pollution in indoor spaces, by simply attaching a TiO2-Ag-NP adhesive film on the wall.
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Affiliation(s)
- Salvatore Chirumbolo
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Unit of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy.
| | - Davide Gibellini
- Department of Diagnostics and Public Health, Unit of Microbiology, University of Verona, Verona, Italy
| | - Luca Berto
- Material Chemical Expert Labs, Treviso, Italy
| | | | - Antonio Vella
- Azienda Ospedaliera Universitaria Integrata, Verona, Italy
| | - Geir Bjørklund
- Council for Nutritional and Environmental Medicine, Mo i Rana, Norway
| | - Andrea Sbarbati
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Unit of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
| | - Paolo Bernardi
- Department of Neurosciences, Biomedicine and Movement Sciences, Unit of Human Anatomy, University of Verona, Strada Le Grazie 8, 37134, Verona, Italy
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8
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López LR, Dessì P, Cabrera-Codony A, Rocha-Melogno L, Kraakman B, Naddeo V, Balaguer MD, Puig S. CO 2 in indoor environments: From environmental and health risk to potential renewable carbon source. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 856:159088. [PMID: 36181799 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159088] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2022] [Revised: 09/10/2022] [Accepted: 09/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
In the developed world, individuals spend most of their time indoors. Poor Indoor Air Quality (IAQ) has a wide range of effects on human health. The burden of disease associated with indoor air accounts for millions of premature deaths related to exposure to Indoor Air Pollutants (IAPs). Among them, CO2 is the most common one, and is commonly used as a metric of IAQ. Indoor CO2 concentrations can be significantly higher than outdoors due to human metabolism and activities. Even in presence of ventilation, controlling the CO2 concentration below the Indoor Air Guideline Values (IAGVs) is a challenge, and many indoor environments including schools, offices and transportation exceed the recommended value of 1000 ppmv. This is often accompanied by high concentration of other pollutants, including bio-effluents such as viruses, and the importance of mitigating the transmission of airborne diseases has been highlighted by the COVID-19 pandemic. On the other hand, the relatively high CO2 concentration of indoor environments presents a thermodynamic advantage for direct air capture (DAC) in comparison to atmospheric CO2 concentration. This review aims to describe the issues associated with poor IAQ, and to demonstrate the potential of indoor CO2 DAC to purify indoor air while generating a renewable carbon stream that can replace conventional carbon sources as a building block for chemical production, contributing to the circular economy.
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Affiliation(s)
- L R López
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain.
| | - P Dessì
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
| | - A Cabrera-Codony
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
| | - L Rocha-Melogno
- ICF, 2635 Meridian Parkway Suite 200, Durham, NC 27713, United States
| | - B Kraakman
- Jacobs Engineering, Templey Quay 1, Bristol BAS1 6DG, UK; Institute of Sustainable Processes, University of Valladolid, Dr. Mergelina s/n., 47011 Valladolid, Spain
| | - V Naddeo
- Sanitary Environmental Engineering Division, Department of Civil Engineering, University of Salerno, 84084 Fisciano, SA, Italy
| | - M D Balaguer
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
| | - S Puig
- LEQUiA, Institute of Environment, University of Girona, Campus Montilivi, carrer Maria Aurelia Capmany 69, Girona, Spain
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Al-Alam J, Sonnette A, Delhomme O, Alleman LY, Coddeville P, Millet M. Pesticides in the Indoor Environment of Residential Houses: A Case Study in Strasbourg, France. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph192114049. [PMID: 36360928 PMCID: PMC9658446 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph192114049] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/12/2022] [Revised: 10/21/2022] [Accepted: 10/24/2022] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Indoor environmental exposure to pesticides has become one of the major concerns that might adversely affect human health and development. People spend most of their lifetime in enclosed indoor environments where they might inhale harmful toxic chemicals, such as pesticides, dispersed either in particulate or in a gas phase. In this study, an assessment of pesticide contamination in indoor environments was conducted. The study covered nine houses during one year, starting from February 2016 and ending in February 2017, in which both air and dust samples were assessed for their potential contamination with 50 pesticides. The results showed that all the assessed houses were contaminated by several pesticides, especially with the allethrin pesticide (detection frequency (DF) = 100%). The highest pesticide contamination was detected in the spring/summer season when it reached an average of around 185 ng g-1 and 186.4 ng sampler-1 in the collected dust and air samples, respectively. The potential contamination of pyrethroid insecticides within all the targeted samples revealed by this study stresses the importance of minimizing the use of such indoor treatments as part of the efficient prevention and control of human exposure to pesticides.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josephine Al-Alam
- Civil Engineering Department, Lebanese American University, 309 Bassil Building, Byblos 1102, Lebanon
| | - Alexandre Sonnette
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES-UMR 7515 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Equipe de Physico-Chimie de l’Atmosphère, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
- LTSER France, Zone Atelier Environnementale Urbaine, Maison Interuniversitaire des Sciences de l’Homme-Alsace (MISHA), 5, Allée Du Général Rouvillois, CS 50008, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, University Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Olivier Delhomme
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES-UMR 7515 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Equipe de Physico-Chimie de l’Atmosphère, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
- Université de Lorraine—UFR Sciences Fondamentales et Appliquées (SciFa), Campus Bridoux, F-57070 Metz, France
| | - Laurent Y. Alleman
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, University Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Patrice Coddeville
- IMT Nord Europe, Institut Mines-Télécom, University Lille, Centre for Energy and Environment, F-59000 Lille, France
| | - Maurice Millet
- Institut de Chimie et Procédés pour l’Energie, l’Environnement et la Santé (ICPEES-UMR 7515 CNRS), Université de Strasbourg, Equipe de Physico-Chimie de l’Atmosphère, F-67087 Strasbourg, France
- LTSER France, Zone Atelier Environnementale Urbaine, Maison Interuniversitaire des Sciences de l’Homme-Alsace (MISHA), 5, Allée Du Général Rouvillois, CS 50008, F-67083 Strasbourg, France
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10
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Du C, Li B, Yu W, Yao R, Cai J, Li B, Yao Y, Wang Y, Chen M, Essah E. Characteristics of annual mold variations and association with childhood allergic symptoms/diseases via combining surveys and home visit measurements. INDOOR AIR 2022; 32:e13113. [PMID: 36168229 DOI: 10.1111/ina.13113] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/29/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The presence of dampness and visible molds leads to concerns of poor indoor air quality which has been consistently linked with increased exacerbation and development of allergy and respiratory diseases. Due to the limitations of epidemiological surveys, the actual fungal exposure characteristics in residences has not been sufficiently understood. This study aimed to characterize household fungal diversity and its annual temporal and spatial variations. We developed combined cross-sectional survey, repeated air sampling around a year, and DNA sequencing methods. The questionnaire survey was conducted in 2019, and 4943 valid cases were received from parents; a follow-up case-control study (11 cases and 12 controls) was designed, and onsite measurements of indoor environments were repeated in typical summer, transient season, and winter; dust from floor and beddings in children's room were collected and ITS based DNA sequencing of totally 68 samples was conducted. Results from 3361 children without changes to their residences since birth verified the significant associations of indoor dampness/mold indicators and prevalence of children-reported diseases, with increased adjusted odd ratios (aORs) >1 for studied asthma, wheeze, allergic rhinitis, and eczema. The airborne fungal concentrations from air sampling were higher than 1000 CFU/m3 in summer, regardless of indoors and outdoors, indicating an intermediate pollution level. The DNA sequencing for dust showed the Aspergillus was the predominant at genus level and the Aspergillus_penicillioides was the most common at species level; while the fungal community and composition varied significantly in different homes and seasons, according to α and β diversity analyses. The comprehensive research methods contribute to a holistic understanding of indoor fungal exposure, including the concentrations, seasonal variations, community, and diversity, and verifies the relations with children's adverse health outcomes. The study further elucidates the role of microbiome in human health, which helps setting health-protective thresholds and managing mold treatments in buildings, to promote indoor air quality and human well-beings.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chenqiu Du
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Baizhan Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Wei Yu
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Runming Yao
- School of the Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading, UK
| | - Jiao Cai
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Bicheng Li
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinghui Yao
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yujue Wang
- Joint International Research Laboratory of Green Buildings and Built Environments (Ministry of Education), School of Civil Engineering, Chongqing University, Chongqing, China
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Chongqing University Cancer Hospital, Chongqing, China
| | - Emmanuel Essah
- School of the Built Environment, University of Reading, Reading, UK
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Middya AI, Roy S. Pollutant specific optimal deep learning and statistical model building for air quality forecasting. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 301:118972. [PMID: 35183666 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.118972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2022] [Accepted: 02/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
Poor air quality is becoming a critical environmental concern in different countries over the last several years. Most of the air pollutants have serious consequences on human health and wellbeing. In this context, efficient forecasting of air pollutants is currently crucial to predict future events with a view to taking corrective actions and framing effective environmental policies. Although deep learning (DL) as well as statistical forecasting models are investigated in the literature, they have rarely used in air pollutant-specific optimal model building for long-term forecasting. In this paper, our aim is to develop the pollutant-specific optimal forecasting models for the phases spanning from preprocessing to model building by investigating a set of predictive techniques. In this regard, this paper presents a methodology for long-term forecasting of some important air pollutants. More specifically, a total of eight best performing models such as stacked LSTM, LSTM auto-encoder, Bi-LSTM, convLSTM, Holt-Winters, auto-regressive (AR), SARIMA, and Prophet are investigated for developing pollutant-specific optimal forecasting models. The study is carried out based on the real-world data obtained from government-run air quality monitoring units in Kolkata over a period of 4 years. The models such as Holt-Winters, Bi-LSTM, and ConvLSTM achieve high forecasting accuracy with respect to MAE and RMSE values for majority of the pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Asif Iqbal Middya
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, India.
| | - Sarbani Roy
- Department of Computer Science and Engineering, Jadavpur University, India.
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Abstract
An air curtain machine is used in the entrances and exits of public places where air conditioners are used. The high-speed centrifugal or axial fan blows out the air, creating an airflow barrier to prevent air convection inside and outside, reducing air conditioning losses, and maintaining the indoor air quality by preventing dust, insects, and harmful gases from entering the room. Observation of the airflow behavior was conducted using CFD simulation, to explore whether it has a blocking effect, and the air curtain principle was applied to the air purification equipment. It is mainly composed of several rows of arrayed hole air outlets to form a multi-composite air wall. The airflow on the two sides, or below, can be blocked by the composite air wall and integrated into the main airflow, so that the air walls will not affect each other, and form a barrier effect to prevent infection. This research includes the measurement of impedance characteristics for three layers of filters made of different materials. These filters are used as the input characteristic parameters in the simulation analysis. Four scenarios are discussed, including the consultation room, hospital ward, quarantine station, and conference room. From the simulation results, it is known that when there are many people, the equipment can be set to high speed to increase the volume of air, forming a wind wall to effectively block airflow from the people in the chairs, reducing the risk of infection. Note that the rotation speed should not be too high. The air outlet equipment is susceptible to turbulent flow, which will make the airflow deviate from the expected direction and increase the possibility of mutual infection between adjacent people. Partitions can be used to block airflow to reduce the risk of infection.
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