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Zhao J, Mei Y, Li A, Zhou Q, Zhao M, Xu J, Li Y, Li K, Yang M, Xu Q. Association between PM 2.5 constituents and cardiometabolic risk factors: Exploring individual and combined effects, and mediating inflammation. CHEMOSPHERE 2024; 359:142251. [PMID: 38710413 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2024.142251] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2024] [Revised: 04/17/2024] [Accepted: 05/03/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The individual and combined effects of PM2.5 constituents on cardiometabolic risk factors are sparsely investigated. Besides, the key cardiometabolic risk factor that PM2.5 constituents targeted and the biological mechanisms remain unclear. METHOD A multistage, stratified cluster sampling survey was conducted in two typically air-polluted Chinese cities. The PM2.5 and its constituents including sulfate, nitrate, ammonium, organic matter, and black carbon were predicted using a machine learning model. Twenty biomarkers in three category were simultaneously adopted as cardiometabolic risk factors. We explored the individual and mixture association of long-term PM2.5 constituents with these markers using generalized additive model and quantile-based g-computation, respectively. To minimize potential confounding effects, we accounted for covariates including demographic, lifestyle, meteorological, temporal trends, and disease-related information. We further used ROC curve and mediation analysis to identify the key subclinical indicators and explore whether inflammatory mediators mediate such association, respectively. RESULT PM2.5 constituents was positively correlated with HOMA-B, TC, TG, LDL-C and LCI, and negatively correlated with PP and RC. Further, PM2.5 constituent mixture was positive associated with DBP, MAP, HbA1c, HOMA-B, AC, CRI-1 and CRI-2, and negative associated with PP and HDL-C. The ROC analysis further reveals that multiple cardiometabolic risk factors can collectively discriminate exposure to PM2.5 constituents (AUC>0.9), among which PP and CRI-2 as individual indicators exhibit better identifiable performance for nitrate and ammonium (AUC>0.75). We also found that multiple blood lipid indicators may be affected by PM2.5 and its constituents, possibly mediated through complement C3 or hsCRP. CONCLUSION Our study suggested associations of individual and combined PM2.5 constituents exposure with cardiometabolic risk factors. PP and CRI-2 were the targeted markers of long-term exposure to nitrate and ammonium. Inflammation may serve as a mediating factor between PM2.5 constituents and dyslipidemia, which enhance current understanding of potential pathways for PM2.5-induced preclinical cardiovascular responses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiaxin Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yayuan Mei
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Big Data Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, National Center for Children's Health, Beijing, China
| | - Ang Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Quan Zhou
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Meiduo Zhao
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Jing Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Yanbing Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Kai Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Ming Yang
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China
| | - Qun Xu
- Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, Institute of Basic Medical Sciences Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, School of Basic Medicine Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China; Center of Environmental and Health Sciences, Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Peking Union Medical College, Beijing, 100005, China.
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Wang PC, Song QC, Chen CY, Su TC. Cardiovascular physiological effects of balneotherapy: focused on seasonal differences. Hypertens Res 2023; 46:1650-1661. [PMID: 36991066 PMCID: PMC10052248 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-023-01248-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2022] [Revised: 02/18/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2023] [Indexed: 03/31/2023]
Abstract
Hot water bathing has been demonstrated to be an effective way to improve people's cardiovascular health in many studies. This study focused on seasonal physiological changes to provide suggestions on bathing methods based on season for hot spring bathing. Volunteers were recruited to the program of hot spring bathing at 38-40 °C in New Taipei City. Cardiovascular function, blood oxygen, and ear temperature were observed. There were five assessments for each participant during the study process: baseline, bathing for 20 min and 2 cycles *20 (2*20) min, resting for 20 min and 2*20 min after bathing, respectively. Lower blood pressure (p < 0.001), pulse pressure (p < 0.001), left ventricular dP/dt Max (p < 0.001), and cardiac output (p < 0.05) were identified after bathing then rested for 2*20 min in four seasons, compared to baseline by paired T test. However, in multivariate linear regression model, potential risk for bathing in summer was assumed by higher heart rate (+28.4%, p < 0.001), cardiac output (+54.9%, p < 0.001) and left ventricular dP/dt Max (+27.6%, p < 0.05) during bathing at 2*20 min in summer. Potential risk for bathing in winter was postulated by blood pressure lowering (cSBP -10.0%; cDBP -22.1%, p < 0.001) during bathing at 2*20 min in winter. Hot spring bathing is shown to potentially improve cardiovascular function via reducing cardiac workload and vasodilation effects. Prolonged hot spring bathing in summer is not suggested due to significantly increased cardiac stress. In winter, prominent drop of blood pressure should be concerned. We demonstrated the study enrollment, the hot-spring contents and location, and physiological changes of general trends or seasonal variations, which may indicate potential benefits and risks during and after bathing. (Abbreviations: BP, blood pressure; PP, pulse pressure; LV, left ventricular; CO, cardiac output; HR, heart rate; cSBP, central systolic blood pressure; cDBP, central diastolic blood pressure).
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Affiliation(s)
- Po-Chun Wang
- Department of Family Medicine, Linkou Chang-Gung Memorial Hospital, Taoyuan, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Qiao-Chu Song
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Chung-Yen Chen
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital Yunlin Branch, Yunlin County, Taiwan, ROC
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, National Taiwan University College of Medicine, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- Department of Internal Medicine (Cardiovascular Division and General Internal Medicine), National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan, ROC.
- The Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, Nantou, Taiwan, ROC.
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Ribble A, Hellmann J, Conklin DJ, Bhatnagar A, Haberzettl P. Fine particulate matter (PM 2.5)-induced pulmonary oxidative stress contributes to increases in glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in a mouse model of circadian dyssynchrony. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162934. [PMID: 36934930 PMCID: PMC10164116 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162934] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/14/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Results of human and animal studies independently suggest that either ambient fine particulate matter (PM2.5) air pollution exposure or a disturbed circadian rhythm (circadian dyssynchrony) are important contributing factors to the rapidly evolving type-2-diabetes (T2D) epidemic. The objective of this study is to investigate whether circadian dyssynchrony increases the susceptibility to PM2.5 and how PM2.5 affects metabolic health in circadian dyssynchrony. We examined systemic and organ-specific changes in glucose homeostasis and insulin sensitivity in mice maintained on a regular (12/12 h light/dark) or disrupted (18/6 h light/dark, light-induced circadian dyssynchrony, LICD) light cycle exposed to air or concentrated PM2.5 (CAP, 6 h/day, 30 days). Exposures during Zeitgeber ZT3-9 or ZT11-17 (Zeitgeber in circadian time, ZT0 = begin of light cycle) tested for time-of-day PM2.5 sensitivity (chronotoxicity). Mice transgenic for lung-specific overexpression of extracellular superoxide dismutase (ecSOD-Tg) were used to assess the contribution of CAP-induced pulmonary oxidative stress. Both, CAP exposure from ZT3-9 or ZT11-17, decreased glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in male mice with LICD, but not in female mice or in mice kept on a regular light cycle. Although changes in glucose homeostasis in CAP-exposed male mice with LICD were not associated with obesity, they were accompanied by white adipose tissue (WAT) inflammation, impaired insulin signaling in skeletal muscle and liver, and systemic and pulmonary oxidative stress. Preventing CAP-induced oxidative stress in the lungs mitigated the CAP-induced decrease in glucose tolerance and insulin sensitivity in LICD. Our results demonstrate that circadian dyssynchrony is a novel susceptibility state for PM2.5 and suggest that PM2.5 by inducing pulmonary oxidative stress increases glucose intolerance and insulin resistance in circadian dyssynchrony.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amanda Ribble
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Jason Hellmann
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Daniel J Conklin
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Aruni Bhatnagar
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA
| | - Petra Haberzettl
- Diabetes and Obesity Center, Christina Lee Brown Envirome Institute, Division of Environmental Medicine, Department of Medicine, University of Louisville, Louisville, KY, USA.
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Daiber A, Frenis K, Kuntic M, Li H, Wolf E, Kilgallen AB, Lecour S, Van Laake LW, Schulz R, Hahad O, Münzel T. Redox Regulatory Changes of Circadian Rhythm by the Environmental Risk Factors Traffic Noise and Air Pollution. Antioxid Redox Signal 2022; 37:679-703. [PMID: 35088601 PMCID: PMC9618394 DOI: 10.1089/ars.2021.0272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Significance: Risk factors in the environment such as air pollution and traffic noise contribute to the development of chronic noncommunicable diseases. Recent Advances: Epidemiological data suggest that air pollution and traffic noise are associated with a higher risk for cardiovascular, metabolic, and mental disease, including hypertension, heart failure, myocardial infarction, diabetes, arrhythmia, stroke, neurodegeneration, depression, and anxiety disorders, mainly by activation of stress hormone signaling, inflammation, and oxidative stress. Critical Issues: We here provide an in-depth review on the impact of the environmental risk factors air pollution and traffic noise exposure (components of the external exposome) on cardiovascular health, with special emphasis on the role of environmentally triggered oxidative stress and dysregulation of the circadian clock. Also, a general introduction on the contribution of circadian rhythms to cardiovascular health and disease as well as a detailed mechanistic discussion of redox regulatory pathways of the circadian clock system is provided. Future Directions: Finally, we discuss the potential of preventive strategies or "chrono" therapy for cardioprotection. Antioxid. Redox Signal. 37, 679-703.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andreas Daiber
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Andreas Daiber, Labor für Molekulare Kardiologie, Abteilung für Kardiologie 1, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Geb. 605 – Raum 3.262, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55131, Germany
| | - Katie Frenis
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Marin Kuntic
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Huige Li
- Department of Pharmacology, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
| | - Eva Wolf
- Structural Chronobiology, Institute of Molecular Physiology, Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- Institute of Molecular Biology, Mainz, Germany
| | - Aoife B. Kilgallen
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Sandrine Lecour
- Hatter Institute for Cardiovascular Research in Africa, University of Cape Town, Cape Town, South Africa
| | - Linda W. Van Laake
- Division Heart and Lungs, Regenerative Medicine Centre, University Medical Centre Utrecht, Utrecht University, Utrecht, The Netherlands
| | - Rainer Schulz
- Institute for Physiology, Justus-Liebig University Giessen, Giessen, Germany
| | - Omar Hahad
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
| | - Thomas Münzel
- Molecular Cardiology, Department of Cardiology 1, Medical Center of the Johannes Gutenberg University, Mainz, Germany
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research (DZHK), Partner Site Rhine-Main, Mainz, Germany
- Address correspondence to: Dr. Thomas Münzel, Labor für Molekulare Kardiologie, Abteilung für Kardiologie 1, Universitätsmedizin der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Geb. 605 – Raum 3.262, Langenbeckstr. 1, Mainz 55131, Germany
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Tsao TM, Hwang JS, Lin ST, Wu C, Tsai MJ, Su TC. Forest Bathing Is Better than Walking in Urban Park: Comparison of Cardiac and Vascular Function between Urban and Forest Parks. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19063451. [PMID: 35329139 PMCID: PMC8949865 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19063451] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2022] [Accepted: 03/11/2022] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Abstract
Forest bathing is beneficial for human health. To investigate whether walking in forest or urban parks affects cardiovascular functions (CVFs), the present study was conducted in five forest trails in the Xitou Experimental Forest and in five urban parks in Taipei city. We recruited 25 adult volunteers for an observational pilot study in forest parks (n = 14) and urban parks (n = 11). CVFs were assessed by measuring the arterial pressure waveform using an oscillometric blood pressure (BP) device. The baseline and paired differences of systolic BP (SBP), central end SBP, heart rate, left ventricle (LV) dP/dt max and cardiac output in participants were lower before and after walking in a forest park than those in an urban park. In addition, the systemic vascular compliance and brachial artery compliance of those who walked in a forest park were significantly higher compared with those in an urban park. Linear mixed models demonstrated lower levels of SBP by 5.22 mmHg, heart rate by 2.46 beats/min, and cardiac output by 0.52 L/min, and LV dP/dt max by 146.91 mmHg/s among those who walked in forest compared to those in an urban park after controlling covariates. This study provides evidence of the potential beneficial effects of walking exercise in forest parks on CVFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tsung-Ming Tsao
- The Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resource and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Nantou 55750, Taiwan; (T.-M.T.); (S.-T.L.)
| | - Jing-Shiang Hwang
- Institute of Statistical Science, Academia Sinica, Taipei 11529, Taiwan;
| | - Sung-Tsun Lin
- The Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resource and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Nantou 55750, Taiwan; (T.-M.T.); (S.-T.L.)
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
| | - Charlene Wu
- Global Health Program, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan;
| | - Ming-Jer Tsai
- The Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resource and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Nantou 55750, Taiwan; (T.-M.T.); (S.-T.L.)
- School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-J.T.); (T.-C.S.); Tel.: +886-223-123-456 (ext. 67187) (T.-C.S.)
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- The Experimental Forest, College of Bio-Resource and Agriculture, National Taiwan University, Nantou 55750, Taiwan; (T.-M.T.); (S.-T.L.)
- Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, National Taiwan University College of Public Health, Taipei 10055, Taiwan
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100229, Taiwan
- Divisions of Cardiology, Department of Internal Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei 100229, Taiwan
- Correspondence: (M.-J.T.); (T.-C.S.); Tel.: +886-223-123-456 (ext. 67187) (T.-C.S.)
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Seasonal Effects of High-Altitude Forest Travel on Cardiovascular Function: An Overlooked Cardiovascular Risk of Forest Activity. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2021; 18:ijerph18189472. [PMID: 34574395 PMCID: PMC8469480 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph18189472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2021] [Revised: 08/24/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Cardiovascular physiological responses involving hypoxemia in low temperature environments at high altitude have yet to be adequately investigated. This study aims to demonstrate the health effects of hypoxemia and temperature changes in cardiovascular functions (CVFs) by comparing intra-individual differences as participants ascend from low (298 m, 21.9 °C) to high altitude (2729 m, 9.5 °C). CVFs were assessed by measuring the arterial pressure waveform according to cuff sphygmomanometer of an oscillometric blood pressure (BP) device. The mean ages of participants in winter and summer were 43.6 and 41.2 years, respectively. The intra-individual brachial systolic, diastolic BP, heart rate, and cardiac output of participants significantly increased, as participants climbed uphill from low to high altitude forest. Following the altitude increase from 298 m to 2729 m, with the atmosphere gradually reducing by 0.24 atm, the measured average SpO2 of participants showed a significant reduction from 98.1% to 81.2%. Using mixed effects model, it is evident that in winter, the differences in altitude affects CVFs by significantly increases the systolic BP, heart rate, left ventricular dP/dt max and cardiac output. This study provides evidence that cardiovascular workload increased significantly among acute high-altitude travelers as they ascend from low to high altitude, particularly in winter.
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Lin CY, Lee HL, Hwang YT, Su TC. The association between total serum isomers of per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances, lipid profiles, and the DNA oxidative/nitrative stress biomarkers in middle-aged Taiwanese adults. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2020; 182:109064. [PMID: 31884197 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2019.109064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2019] [Revised: 12/15/2019] [Accepted: 12/18/2019] [Indexed: 05/26/2023]
Abstract
Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) have been widely used in consumer products. In vitro and animal studies have demonstrated that exposure to perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA) and/or perfluorooctane sulfonate (PFOS) increases oxidative/nitrative stress. Recent studies have also found that isomers of PFOA/PFOS may have unique biological effects on clinical parameters. However, the correlation between PFOA/PFOS isomers and markers of oxidative/nitrative stress has never been investigated in the general population. In the current study, 597 adult subjects (ages between 22 and 63 years old) were enrolled from a control group of a case-control study entitled "Work-related risk factors and coronary heart disease". We investigated the correlation between the serum isomers of PFOA/PFOS, lipid profiles, and the urine compounds 8-hydroxy-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) and 8-nitroguanine (8-NO2Gua) in these participants. There were 519 men and 78 women with a mean age of 45.8 years. Linear PFOA levels were positively correlated with serum low density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), small dense LDL, and triglyceride, and linear PFOS levels were positively correlated with LDL-C and HDL-C in multiple linear regression analyses. After controlling for potential confounders, the mean levels of 8-OHdG and 8-NO2Gua significantly increased across the quartiles of linear PFOS in multiple linear regression analyses. When both the 8-OHdG and 8-NO2Gua levels were above the 50th percentile, the odds ratio (OR) of higher levels of LDL-C (>75th percentile) with one unit increase in ln linear PFOS level was the highest (OR 3.15 (95% CI = 1.45-6.64), P = 0.003) in logistic regression models. In conclusion, serum linear PFOA/PFOS were correlated with lipid profiles, and linear PFOS was associated with urine oxidative/nitrative stress biomarkers. The positive correlation between linear PFOS and LDL-C was more marked when concentrations of urine oxidative/nitrative stress biomarkers were elevated. Further studies are needed to elucidate the causal relationships among PFAS isomers, lipid profiles, and oxidative/nitrative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chien-Yu Lin
- Department of Internal Medicine, En Chu Kong Hospital, New Taipei City, 237, Taiwan; School of Medicine, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan; Department of Environmental Engineering and Health, Yuanpei University of Medical Technology, Hsinchu, 300, Taiwan
| | - Hui-Ling Lee
- Department of Chemistry, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City, 242, Taiwan
| | - Yi-Ting Hwang
- Department of Statistics, National Taipei University, New Taipei City, 237, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, 100, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental and Occupational Health Sciences, College of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, 100, Taiwan.
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Health effects of seasonal variation in cardiovascular hemodynamics among workers in forest environments. Hypertens Res 2018; 42:223-232. [PMID: 30429541 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-018-0136-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/01/2018] [Revised: 07/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
Seasonal variation in cardiovascular functions (CVFs) associated with climatic changes is an important emerging public health issue. The objectives of this study were to demonstrate seasonal variation in CVFs by comparing intra-individual differences between winter and summer among people working in a forest environment and to discuss the possible mechanisms accounting for the health effects of seasonal variation in cardiovascular hemodynamics. A total of 72 staff members of the Experimental Forest of National Taiwan University were recruited for continuous health monitoring during two seasons to investigate the intra-individual seasonal variation in CVFs, complete blood counts, and biochemical examinations. CVFs were assessed by measuring the arterial pressure waveform by a cuff sphygmomanometer using an oscillometric blood pressure device, and aortic stiffness was measured by brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV). The results showed that cholesterol levels, white and red blood cell counts, and platelet counts were higher in winter than in summer. Subjects showed not only higher vascular stress, as indicated by higher levels of brachial systolic and diastolic blood pressure (SBP and DBP), central end-SBP and DBP, systemic vascular resistance (SVR), and baPWV, but also lower cardiac activities, including lower levels of heart rate, left ventricular contractility, and cardiac output in winter than in summer. The central and brachial BP, cardiac output, SVR, and baPWV were significantly associated with temperature changes in seasonal variation after controlling related confounding factors. This study provides evidence of higher vascular stress and susceptibility to atherothrombosis during winter compared with summer.
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Wu CF, Shen FH, Li YR, Tsao TM, Tsai MJ, Chen CC, Hwang JS, Hsu SHJ, Chao H, Chuang KJ, Chou CCK, Wang YN, Ho CC, Su TC. Association of short-term exposure to fine particulate matter and nitrogen dioxide with acute cardiovascular effects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2016; 569-570:300-305. [PMID: 27344119 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.06.084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2016] [Revised: 05/21/2016] [Accepted: 06/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
This study evaluated whether exposure to fine particulate matter (PM2.5) and nitrogen dioxide (NO2) is associated with cardiovascular effects by examining a panel of 89 healthy subjects in Taipei, Taiwan. The subjects received two health examinations approximately 8months apart in 2013. Brachial-ankle pulse wave velocity (baPWV), a physiological indicator of arterial stiffness, and high-sensitivity C-reactive protein (hsCRP), a biomarker of vascular inflammations, were measured during each examination. Two exposure assessment methods were used for estimating the subjects' exposure to PM2.5 and NO2. The first method involved constructing daily land use regression (LUR) models according to measurements collected at ambient air quality monitoring stations. The second method required combining the LUR estimates with indoor monitoring data at the workplace of the subjects. Linear mixed models were used to examine the association between the exposure estimates and health outcomes. The results showed that a 10-μg/m(3) increase in PM2.5 concentration at a 1-day lag was associated with 2.1% (95% confidence interval: 0.7%-3.6%) and 2.4% (0.8%-4.0%) increases in baPWV based on the two exposure assessment methods, whereas no significant association was observed for NO2. The significant effects of PM2.5 remained in the two-pollutant models. By contrast, NO2, but not PM2.5, was significantly associated with increased hsCRP levels (16.0%-37.3% in single-pollutant models and 26.4%-44.6% in two-pollutant models, per 10-ppb increase in NO2). In conclusion, arterial stiffness might be more sensitive to short-term PM2.5 exposure than is inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chang-Fu Wu
- Department of Public Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Environmental Health, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan.
| | - Fu-Hui Shen
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Ru Li
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Tsung-Ming Tsao
- The Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, Nantou, Taiwan
| | - Ming-Jer Tsai
- The Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, Nantou, Taiwan; The School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chu-Chih Chen
- Division of Biostatistics and Bioinformatics, Institute of Population Health Sciences, National Health Research Institutes, Taiwan
| | | | - Sandy Huey-Jen Hsu
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan; Institute of Health Policy and Management, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Hsing Chao
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Jen Chuang
- School of Public Health, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Charles C K Chou
- Research Center for Environmental Changes, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ya-Nan Wang
- The Experimental Forest, National Taiwan University, Nantou, Taiwan; The School of Forestry and Resource Conservation, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chi-Chang Ho
- Institute of Occupational Medicine and Industrial Hygiene, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan.
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Hu H, Wu J, Li Q, Asweto C, Feng L, Yang X, Duan F, Duan J, Sun Z. Fine particulate matter induces vascular endothelial activation via IL-6 dependent JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. Toxicol Res (Camb) 2016; 5:946-953. [PMID: 30090403 PMCID: PMC6062355 DOI: 10.1039/c5tx00351b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to PM2.5 has been strongly linked to endothelial dysfunction. However, the underlying mechanism of PM2.5 on the vascular endothelial function is poorly understood. This study examined the toxic effect and underlying mechanism of PM2.5 on human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs). Decreased cell viability and increased LDH activity were observed in the PM2.5-treated HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. The production of ROS, MDA, and the inhibition of SOD activity were also triggered by PM2.5 in HUVECs. In addition, PM2.5 increased the intracellular levels of proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6, TNF-a, IL-1β, IL-8 and CRP), cell adhesion molecules (ICAM-1, VCAM-1) and tissue factor (TF), resulted in endothelial activation. For an in-depth study, the protein levels of IL-6, JAK1 and STAT3 were up-regulated significantly, while the expression of JAK2 and SOCS1 were down-regulated gradually in PM2.5-treated HUVECs in a dose-dependent manner. These results show that PM2.5 triggered endothelial activation via upregulation of the IL-6 dependent JAK1/STAT3 signaling pathway. This will provide new insights into the toxic effects and mechanisms of cardiovascular diseases triggered by ambient air pollution.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hejing Hu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
| | - Jing Wu
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
| | - Qiuling Li
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
| | - Collins Asweto
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
| | - Lin Feng
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
| | - Xiaozhe Yang
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
| | - Fengkui Duan
- School of Environment , Tsinghua University , Beijing 100084 , P.R. China
| | - Junchao Duan
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
| | - Zhiwei Sun
- Department of Toxicology and Sanitary Chemistry , School of Public Health , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China . ; ; ; Tel: +86 010 83911868, +86 010 83911507
- Beijing Key Laboratory of Environmental Toxicology , Capital Medical University , Beijing 100069 , P.R. China
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11
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Su TC, Hwang JJ, Shen YC, Chan CC. Carotid Intima-Media Thickness and Long-Term Exposure to Traffic-Related Air Pollution in Middle-Aged Residents of Taiwan: A Cross-Sectional Study. ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH PERSPECTIVES 2015; 123:773-8. [PMID: 25793433 PMCID: PMC4529007 DOI: 10.1289/ehp.1408553] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2014] [Accepted: 03/17/2015] [Indexed: 05/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Associations between long-term exposure to air pollution and carotid intima-media thickness (CIMT) have inconsistent findings. OBJECTIVES In this study we aimed to evaluate association between 1-year average exposure to traffic-related air pollution and CIMT in middle-aged adults in Asia. METHODS CIMT was measured in Taipei, Taiwan, between 2009 and 2011 in 689 volunteers 35-65 years of age who were recruited as the control subjects of an acute coronary heart disease cohort study. We applied land-use regression models developed by the European Study of Cohorts for Air Pollution Effects (ESCAPE) to estimate each subject's 1-year average exposure to traffic-related air pollutants with particulate matter diameters ≤ 10 μm (PM10) and ≤ 2.5 μm (PM2.5) and the absorbance levels of PM2.5 (PM2.5abs), nitrogen dioxide (NO2), and nitrogen oxides (NOx) in the urban environment. RESULTS One-year average air pollution exposures were 44.21 ± 4.19 μg/m3 for PM10, 27.34 ± 5.12 μg/m3 for PM2.5, and (1.97 ± 0.36) × 10-5/m for PM2.5abs. Multivariate regression analyses showed average percentage increases in maximum left CIMT of 4.23% (95% CI: 0.32, 8.13) per 1.0 × 10-5/m increase in PM2.5abs; 3.72% (95% CI: 0.32, 7.11) per 10-μg/m3 increase in PM10; 2.81% (95% CI: 0.32, 5.31) per 20-μg/m3 increase in NO2; and 0.74% (95% CI: 0.08, 1.41) per 10-μg/m3 increase in NOx. The associations were not evident for right CIMT, and PM2.5 mass concentration was not associated with the outcomes. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposures to traffic-related air pollution of PM2.5abs, PM10, NO2, and NOx were positively associated with subclinical atherosclerosis in middle-aged adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chen Su
- Department of Internal Medicine and Cardiovascular Center, National Taiwan University Hospital, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei, Taiwan
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12
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Zhao Y, Cao L, Zhou Q, Que Q. Effects of oil pipeline explosion on ambient particulate matter and their associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2015; 196:440-449. [PMID: 25467693 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2014.11.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2014] [Revised: 11/03/2014] [Accepted: 11/05/2014] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Effects of the oil pipeline explosion on PM(2.5)-associated polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) and their substituted (alkylated, nitrated, oxygenated, hydroxyl and chlorinated) derivatives are assessed near the accident scene of Qingdao, China. Compared with those in TSP-PM(2.5), gaseous phase, burn residue and unburned crude oil, eighty-nine PAHs in PM(2.5) are identified and quantified to investigate the composition, temporal and spatial distribution, and sources. The concentrations of PM(2.5)-associated parent PAHs increase approximately seven times from the non-explosion samples to the explosion samples (mean ± standard deviation: 112 ± 2 vs 764 ± 15 ng/m(3)), while some substituted products (nitro- and oxy-) increase by two orders of magnitude (3117 ± 156 pg/m(3) vs 740 ± 37 ng/m(3)). The toxicity evaluation indicates the BaP equivalent concentrations (based on the US EPA's toxicity factors) in PM(2.5) are much higher than those in the other phases, especially for a long duration after the tragic accident.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yue Zhao
- Key Laboratory of Marine Environment and Ecology, Ministry of Education, Qingdao, 266100, China.
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13
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The health effects of a forest environment on subclinical cardiovascular disease and heath-related quality of life. PLoS One 2014; 9:e103231. [PMID: 25068265 PMCID: PMC4113370 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0103231] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2013] [Accepted: 06/30/2014] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Assessment of health effects of a forest environment is an important emerging area of public health and environmental sciences. PURPOSE To demonstrate the long-term health effects of living in a forest environment on subclinical cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) and health-related quality of life (HRQOL) compared with that in an urban environment. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study included the detailed health examination and questionnaire assessment of 107 forest staff members (FSM) and 114 urban staff members (USM) to investigate the long-term health effects of a forest environment. Air quality monitoring between the forest and urban environments was compared. In addition, work-related factors and HRQOL were evaluated. RESULTS Levels of total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, and fasting glucose in the USM group were significantly higher than those in the FSM group. Furthermore, a significantly higher intima-media thickness of the internal carotid artery was found in the USM group compared with that in the FSM group. Concentrations of air pollutants, such as NO, NO2, NOx, SO2, CO, PM2.5, and PM10 in the forest environment were significantly lower compared with those in the outdoor urban environment. Working hours were longer in the FSM group; however, the work stress evaluation as assessed by the job content questionnaire revealed no significant differences between FSM and USM. HRQOL evaluated by the World Health Organization Quality of Life-BREF questionnaire showed FSM had better HRQOL scores in the physical health domain. CONCLUSIONS This study provides evidence of the potential beneficial effects of forest environments on CVDs and HRQOL.
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