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Yu B, Zhang Y, Wu H, Yan W, Meng Y, Hu C, Liu Z, Ding J, Zhang H. Advanced oxidation processes for synchronizing harmful microcystis blooms control with algal metabolites removal: From the laboratory to practical applications. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2024; 906:167650. [PMID: 37806585 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.167650] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2023] [Revised: 10/05/2023] [Accepted: 10/05/2023] [Indexed: 10/10/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in freshwater systems have become a global epidemic, leading to a series of problems related to cyanobacterial outbreaks and toxicity. Studies are needed to improve the technology used for the simultaneous removal of harmful cyanobacteria and algal metabolites. In this review, widely reported advanced oxidation processes (AOPs) strategies for removing major species Microcystis aeruginosa (M. aeruginosa) and microcystins (MCs) were screened through bibliometrics, such as photocatalysis, activated persulfate, H2O2, Ozone oxidation, ultrasonic oxidation, and electrochemical oxidation, etc. AOPs generate kinds of reactive oxygen species (ROS) to inactivate cyanobacteria and degrade cyanotoxins. A series of responses occurs in algal cells to resist the damaging effects of ROS generated by AOPs. Specifically, we reviewed laboratory research, mechanisms, practical applications, and challenges of HABs treatments in AOPs. Problems common to these technologies include the impact of algal response and metabolites, and environmental factors. This information provides guidance for future research on the removal of harmful cyanobacteria and treatment of algal metabolites using AOPs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bingzhi Yu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yinan Zhang
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Huazhen Wu
- Hangzhou Huanke Environmental Consulting Co. LTD, 310010 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Wen Yan
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yunjuan Meng
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Chao Hu
- School of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhiquan Liu
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
| | - Jiafeng Ding
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Hangjun Zhang
- School of Engineering, Hangzhou Normal University, 310018 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Urban Wetlands and Regional Change, 311121 Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China
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Jin T, Li D, Liu Y, Li K, Wang L. Microbe combined with Fe 2+-heat activated persulfate to decompose phenanthrene in red soil: comparison of acid-resistant degrading microflora and indigenous bacteria. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:113932-113947. [PMID: 37853225 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29949-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 09/14/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
This work is designed to counteract the deficiency of targeted research on the PAHs polluted specific soil, especially when the chemicals extremely denatured it. Phenanthrene-contaminated red soil was treated through two-stage process: persulfate oxidation (on dosages of 3.48%, 5.21%, and 6.94%, combined with Fe2+ and β-cyclodextrin, then heated) followed by biodegradation (indigenous bacteria vs. acid-resistant PAHs-degrading microflora (named ADM)) for 90 days. The dosage of oxidant greatly affected the removal efficiencies, which ranged from 46.78 to 85.34% under different treatment. After undergoing oxidation, the soil pH dropped below 3.0 synchronously and retained relatively strong oxidation state. The indigenous bacteria in red soil showed considerable degradation potential that will not vanish upon the sudden change of soil properties, whose average combined removal reached 95.43%, even higher than subgroups of bioaugmentation, but the population structure showed extremely simplex (Proteobacteria as superior occupied proportion of 91.77% after 90-day rehabilitation). The ADM screened from the coking wastewater was dominated by Klebsiella (75.4%) and Pseudomonas (23.6%), whose cooperation with 6.94% persulfate made the residual PHE reduced to less than 50 mg·kg-1 in about 28 days. High-throughput sequencing analysis showed that the microbial community composition of the ADM applied-group was more abundant in the later stage of remediation. ADM inoculation has the advantages of shortening the restoration period and having a positive impact on the soil micro-ecology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tao Jin
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Dan Li
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Yanzehua Liu
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China
| | - Kang Li
- State Key Joint Laboratory of Environmental Simulation and Pollution Control, College of Environmental Sciences and Engineering, Peking University, Beijing, 100871, China
| | - Liping Wang
- School of Environment and Spatial Informatics, China University of Mining and Technology, 1 Daxue Road, Xuzhou, 221116, Jiangsu, China.
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Niture S, Gadi S, Qi Q, Rios-Colon L, Khatiwada S, Vandana, Fernando RA, Levine KE, Kumar D. Cyanotoxins Increase Cytotoxicity and Promote Nonalcoholic Fatty Liver Disease Progression by Enhancing Cell Steatosis. Toxins (Basel) 2023; 15:411. [PMID: 37505679 PMCID: PMC10467139 DOI: 10.3390/toxins15070411] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 06/21/2023] [Indexed: 07/29/2023] Open
Abstract
Freshwater prokaryotic cyanobacteria within harmful algal blooms produce cyanotoxins which are considered major pollutants in the aquatic system. Direct exposure to cyanotoxins through inhalation, skin contact, or ingestion of contaminated drinking water can target the liver and may cause hepatotoxicity. In the current study, we investigated the effect of low concentrations of cyanotoxins on cytotoxicity, inflammation, modulation of unfolded protein response (UPR), steatosis, and fibrosis signaling in human hepatocytes and liver cell models. Exposure to low concentrations of microcystin-LR (MC-LR), microcystin-RR (MC-RR), nodularin (NOD), and cylindrospermopsin (CYN) in human bipotent progenitor cell line HepaRG and hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) cell lines HepG2 and SK-Hep1 resulted in increased cell toxicity. MC-LR, NOD, and CYN differentially regulated inflammatory signaling, activated UPR signaling and lipogenic gene expression, and induced cellular steatosis and fibrotic signaling in HCC cells. MC-LR, NOD, and CYN also regulated AKT/mTOR signaling and inhibited autophagy. Chronic exposure to MC-LR, NOD, and CYN upregulated the expression of lipogenic and fibrosis biomarkers. Moreover, RNA sequencing (RNA seq) data suggested that exposure of human hepatocytes, HepaRG, and HCC HepG2 cells to MC-LR and CYN modulated expression levels of several genes that regulate non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). Our data suggest that low concentrations of cyanotoxins can cause hepatotoxicity and cell steatosis and promote NAFLD progression.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suryakant Niture
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Sashi Gadi
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Qi Qi
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Leslimar Rios-Colon
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Sabin Khatiwada
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Vandana
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Reshan A. Fernando
- NCCU-RTI Center for Applied Research in Environmental Sciences (CARES), RTI International, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Keith E. Levine
- NCCU-RTI Center for Applied Research in Environmental Sciences (CARES), RTI International, Durham, NC 27707, USA
| | - Deepak Kumar
- Julius L. Chambers Biomedical Biotechnology Research Institute, North Carolina Central University, Durham, NC 27707, USA
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Moreno-Andrés J, Romero-Martínez L, Seoane S, Acevedo-Merino A, Moreno-Garrido I, Nebot E. Evaluation of algaecide effectiveness of five different oxidants applied on harmful phytoplankton. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2023; 452:131279. [PMID: 36989795 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2023.131279] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/22/2023] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms (HABs) in coastal areas similarly impact both ecosystems and human health. The translocation of phytoplankton species via maritime transport can potentially promote the growth of HABs in coastal systems. Accordingly, ballast water must be disinfected. The main goal of this study is to assess the effectiveness of different emerging biocides, including H2O2, peracetic acid (PAA), peroxymonosulfate (PMS), and peroxydisulfate (PDS). The effectiveness of these biocides is compared with that of conventional chlorination methods. Their effects on two ichthyotoxic microalgae with worldwide distribution, i.e., Prymnesium parvum and Heterosigma akashiwo, are examined. To ensure the prolonged effectiveness of the different reagents, their concentration-response curves for 14 days are constructed and examined. The results suggest a strong but shorter effect by PMS (EC50 = 0.40-1.99 mg·L-1) and PAA (EC50 = 0.32-2.70 mg·L-1), a maintained effect by H2O2 (EC50 = 6.67-7.08 mg·L-1), and a negligible effect by PDS. H. akashiwo indicates higher resistance than P. parvum, except when H2O2 is used. Based on the growth inhibition performance and consumption of the reagents as well as a review of important aspects regarding their application, using H2O2, PAA, or PMS can be a feasible alternative to chlorine-based reagents for inhibiting the growth of harmful phytoplankton.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Moreno-Andrés
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR - Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR - International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, Spain.
| | - Leonardo Romero-Martínez
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR - Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR - International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, Spain
| | - Sergio Seoane
- Department of Plant Biology and Ecology, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of the Basque Country UPV/EHU, Leioa 48940, Spain; Research Centre for Experimental Marine Biology and Biotechnology (Plentzia Marine Station, PiE, UPV/EHU), Plentzia 48620, Spain
| | - Asunción Acevedo-Merino
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR - Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR - International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, Spain
| | - Ignacio Moreno-Garrido
- Institute of Marine Sciences of Andalusia (CSIC), Campus Río San Pedro, s/n, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Enrique Nebot
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR - Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR - International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, Spain
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Gu S, Xu W, Wang L, Zhao H. Microcystin-leucine-arginine promotes the development of gallbladder carcinoma via regulating ELAC2. Biochem Biophys Res Commun 2023; 671:350-356. [PMID: 37329658 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbrc.2023.06.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2023] [Indexed: 06/19/2023]
Abstract
Gallbladder carcinoma (GBC) is the most prevalent cancer of the bile tract, with unexpected GBC accounting for almost half of all GBC cases in some tertiary medical centers. Although the involvement of microcystin-leucine-arginine (MC-LR) in the development of intrahepatic cholangiocarcinoma has been established, there is a paucity of data regarding its association with GBC. The present study aims to investigate whether MC-LR level in the gallbladder of patients is associated with GBC development and, if so, to characterize the underlying mechanism in GBC cells. Our clinical data revealed that MC-LR level was significantly increased in GBC patients compared to patients with gallbladder stones only (P = 0.009). Moreover, our findings demonstrated that MC-LR could promote the proliferation and metastasis of human GBC cell lines. Furthermore, ELAC2 was identified as a critical mRNA involved in GBC progression through RNA sequencing. Collectively, our study suggests that MC-LR might be involved in the development of GBC by modulating the expression of ELAC2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Gu
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, 31006, China; Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China.
| | - Wei Xu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310006, China; College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Hangzhou First People's Hospital, Zhejiang Chinese Medical University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang, China.
| | - Lei Wang
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, 214000, China.
| | - Hui Zhao
- Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary Surgery, Jiangnan University Medical Center, Wuxi, 214000, China.
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Du X, Fu Y, Tian Z, Liu H, Xin H, Fu X, Wang F, Zhang H, Zeng X. Microcystin-LR accelerates follicular atresia in mice via JNK-mediated adherent junction damage of ovarian granulosa cells. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 252:114592. [PMID: 36731181 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.114592] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/29/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR), one of aquatic environmental contaminants with reproductive toxicity produced by cyanobacterial blooms, but its toxic effects and mechanisms on the ovary are not fully understood. Here, proteomic techniques and molecular biology experiments were performed to study the potential mechanism of MC-LR-caused ovarian toxicity. Results showed that protein expression profile of ovarian granulosa cells (KK-1) was changed by 17 μg/mL MC-LR exposure. Comparing with the control group, 118 upregulated proteins as well as 97 downregulated proteins were identified in MC-LR group. Function of differentially expressed proteins was found to be enriched in pathways related to adherent junction, such as cadherin binding, cell-cell junction, cell adhesion and focal adherens. Furthermore, in vitro experiments, MC-LR significantly downregulated the expression levels of proteins associated with adherent junction (β-catenin, N-cadherin, and α-catenin) as well as caused cytoskeletal disruption in KK-1 cells (P < 0.05), indicating that the adherent junction was damaged. Results of in vivo experiments have shown that after 14 days of acute MC-LR exposure (40 μg/kg), damaged adherent junction and an increased number of atretic follicles were observed in mouse ovaries. Moreover, MC-LR activated JNK, an upstream regulator of adherent junction proteins, in KK-1 cells and mouse ovarian tissues. In contrast, JNK inhibition alleviated MC-LR-induced adherent junction damage in vivo and in vitro, as well as the number of atretic follicles. Taken together, findings from the present study indicated that JNK is involved in MC-LR-induced granulosa cell adherent junction damage, which accelerated follicular atresia. Our study clarified a novel mechanism of MC-LR-caused ovarian toxicity, providing a theoretical foundation for protecting female reproductive health from environmental pollutants.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Yu Fu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Hongxia Xin
- Henan Eye Institute, Henan Eye Hospital, Henan Provincial People's Hospital, Zhengzhou 450003, China
| | - Xiaoli Fu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Fufang Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
| | - Xin Zeng
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou 450001, China.
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7
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Ma X, Chen J, Liu B, Huang Y, Tang Y, Wei Q. Removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystin-LR by UV/Fenton system: characteristics and degradation pathways. Sep Purif Technol 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2022.122596] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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8
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Gu S, Jiang M, Zhang B. Microcystin-LR in Primary Liver Cancers: An Overview. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14100715. [PMID: 36287983 PMCID: PMC9611980 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14100715] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 09/29/2022] [Accepted: 10/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The cyanobacterial blooms produced by eutrophic water bodies have become a serious environmental issue around the world. After cellular lysing or algaecide treatment, microcystins (MCs), which are regarded as the most frequently encountered cyanobacterial toxins in fresh water, are released into water. Among all the variants of MCs, MC-LR has been widely studied due to its severe hepatotoxicity. Since 1992, various studies have identified the important roles of MC-LR in the origin and progression of primary liver cancers (PLCs), although few reviews have focused on it. Therefore, this review aims to summarize the major achievements and shortcomings observed in the past few years. Based on the available literature, the mechanisms of how MC-LR induces or promotes PLCs are elucidated in this review. This review aims to enhance our understanding of the role that MC-LR plays in PLCs and provides a rational approach for future applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Gu
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-0571-56007664
| | - Mingxuemei Jiang
- Institute of Scientific and Technical Information of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou 310001, China
| | - Bo Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Clinical Cancer Pharmacology and Toxicology Research of Zhejiang Province, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
- Translational Medicine Research Center, Affiliated Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310006, China
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Rao D, Dong H, Niu M, Wang X, Qiao J, Sun Y, Guan X. Mechanistic Insights into the Markedly Decreased Oxidation Capacity of the Fe(II)/S 2O 82- Process with Increasing pH. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY 2022; 56:13131-13141. [PMID: 36067445 DOI: 10.1021/acs.est.2c04109] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
The poor oxidation capacity of the Fe(II)/S2O82- [Fe(II)/PDS] system at pH > 3.0 has limited its wide application in water treatment. To unravel the underlying mechanism, this study systematically evaluated the possible influencing factors over the pH range of 1.0-8.0 and developed a mathematical model to quantify these effects. Results showed that ∼82% of the generated Fe(IV) could be used for pollutant degradation at pH 1.0, whereas negligible Fe(IV) contribution was observed at pH 7.5. This dramatic decline of Fe(IV) contribution with increasing pH dominantly accounted for the pH-dependent performance of the Fe(II)/PDS process. Unexpectedly, Fe(II) could consume ∼80% of the generated SO4•- non-productively under both acidic and near-neutral conditions, while the larger formation of Fe(III) precipitates at high pH inhibited the SO4•- contribution mildly. Moreover, the strong Fe(II) scavenging effect was difficult to be compensated for by slowing down the Fe(II) dosing rate. The competition of dissolved oxygen with PDS for Fe(II) was insignificant at pH ≤ 7.5, where the second-order rate constants for reactions of Fe(II) with oxygen were much lower than or comparable to that between Fe(II) and PDS. These findings could advance our understanding of the chemistry and application of the Fe(II)/PDS process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dandan Rao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
- Department of Chemical and Environmental Engineering, University of California, Riverside, A235 Bourns Hall, 3401 Watkins Drive, Riverside, California 92521, United States
| | - Hongyu Dong
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Mengfan Niu
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaohan Wang
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Junlian Qiao
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
| | - Yuankui Sun
- Shanghai Engineering Research Center of Biotransformation of Organic Solid Waste, School of Ecological and Environmental Sciences, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200241, China
| | - Xiaohong Guan
- State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resources Reuse, College of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, P. R. China
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Zhu P, Chen G, Liu Y, Wang Q, Wang M, Hu T. Microcystin-leucine arginine exhibits adverse effects on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells in vitro. Toxicol In Vitro 2022; 84:105450. [PMID: 35905885 DOI: 10.1016/j.tiv.2022.105450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/08/2022] [Revised: 07/14/2022] [Accepted: 07/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Microcystin-leucine arginine (MC-LR) is a kind of toxin produced by cyanobacteria, which can do harm to human and livestock health. MC-LR can easily enter tissues and organs through the blood circulation and accumulate in certain target organs. Vessels are prone to contact with MC-LR during growth and development. Previous study had demonstrated that MC-LR had potential vascular toxicity. However, it is not clear whether MC-LR has adverse effects on vascular smooth muscle cells. In this study, we evaluated the cytotoxicity of MC-LR exposure (0.01, 0.05, 0.1, 0.5, and 1 μM) on human aortic vascular smooth muscle cells (HAVSMCs) in vitro. The data showed that MC-LR exposure inhibited the HAVSMC proliferation and migration, induced HAVSMC apoptosis, cytoskeleton destruction, S-phase arrest, mitochondrial transmembrane potential (MMP) loss, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) production. In addition, MC-LR exposure resulted in the imbalance between oxidants and antioxidants, increased the caspase-3 and caspase-9 activities, and down-regulated the gene expressions (integrin β1, Rho, ROCK, MLC). Taken together, MC-LR could induce the generation of ROS in HAVSMCs, leading to apoptosis by the mitochondrial signaling pathway. MC-LR could also induce cytoskeletal disruption by integrin-mediated FAK/ROCK signaling pathway, leading to cell cycle arrest and the inhibition of HAVSMCs proliferation and migration. The current findings facilitate an understanding of the mechanism of MC-LR toxicity involved in angiocardiopathy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Panpan Zhu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Guoliang Chen
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Yuanli Liu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Qilong Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Mingxing Wang
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China
| | - Tingzhang Hu
- Key Laboratory of Biorheological Science and Technology (Chongqing University), Ministry of Education, State and Local Joint Engineering Laboratory for Vascular Implants, Bioengineering College of Chongqing University, Chongqing 400030, China.
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11
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Moreno-Andrés J, Rivas-Zaballos I, Acevedo-Merino A, Nebot E. On the Efficacy of H 2O 2 or S 2O 82- at Promoting the Inactivation of a Consortium of Cyanobacteria and Bacteria in Algae-Laden Water. Microorganisms 2022; 10:microorganisms10040735. [PMID: 35456785 PMCID: PMC9024476 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms10040735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/31/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Harmful algal blooms in coastal areas can significantly impact a water source. Microorganisms such as cyanobacteria and associated pathogenic bacteria may endanger an ecosystem and human health by causing significant eco-hazards. This study assesses the efficacy of two different reagents, H2O2 and S2O82−, as (pre-)treatment options for algae-laden waters. Anabaena sp. and Vibrio alginolyticus have been selected as target microorganisms. With the objective of activating H2O2 or S2O82−, additional experiments have been performed with the presence of small amounts of iron (18 µmol/L). For the cyanobacterial case, H2O2-based processes demonstrate greater efficiency over that of S2O82−, as Anabaena sp. is particularly affected by H2O2, for which >90% of growth inhibition has been achieved with 0.088 mmol/L of H2O2 (at 72 h of exposure). The response of Anabaena sp. as a co-culture with V. alginolyticus implies the use of major H2O2 amounts for its inactivation (0.29 mmol/L of H2O2), while the effects of H2O2/Fe(II) suggests an improvement of ~60% compared to single H2O2. These H2O2 doses are not sufficient for preventing the regrowth of V. alginolyticus after 24 h. The effects of S2O82− (+ Fe(II)) are moderate, reaching maximum inhibition growth of ~50% for Anabaena sp. at seven days of exposure. Nevertheless, doses of 3 mmol/L of S2O82− can prevent the regrowth of V. alginolyticus. These findings have implications for the mitigation of HABs but also for the associated bacteria that threaten many coastal ecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- Javier Moreno-Andrés
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR-Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR-International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Ignacio Rivas-Zaballos
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR-Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR-International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Asunción Acevedo-Merino
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR-Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR-International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
| | - Enrique Nebot
- Department of Environmental Technologies, Faculty of Marine and Environmental Sciences, INMAR-Marine Research Institute, CEIMAR-International Campus of Excellence of the Sea, University of Cadiz, 11510 Puerto Real, Cádiz, Spain
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12
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Huang C, Huang W, Xiong J, Wang S. Mechanism and excellent performance of graphite felt as anodes in electrochemical system for Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystin-LR removal with no pH limitation nor chemical addition. Sep Purif Technol 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2021.119502] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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13
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Wang S, Ding P, Lu S, Wu P, Wei X, Huang R, Kai T. Cell density-dependent regulation of microcystin synthetase genes (mcy) expression and microcystin-LR production in Microcystis aeruginosa that mimics quorum sensing. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2021; 220:112330. [PMID: 34020285 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2021.112330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2021] [Revised: 05/07/2021] [Accepted: 05/08/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
As the secondary metabolites of cyanobacterial harmful algal blooms (Cyano-HABs), microcystins (MCs) were generated under various environmental and cellular conditions. The understanding of the causes of MCs generation is of great interest in the field of water treatment and environmental science. In this work, we studied how Microcystis aeruginosa (FACHB-905) cell densities affect the MCs synthetase genes (mcy) expression, microcystin-LR (MC-LR) and quorum sensing molecules (Acyl-homoserine lactones (AHLs)) production. An electrochemical sensor was developed here for sensitive and quantitative detection of MC-LR that cultured at different cell densities. The results showed that mcy expression and MC-LR concentration started to increase when the cell density reached ca. 22 × 106 cells/mL, and was significantly increased with increasing cell densities. Moreover, the up-regulation of AHLs with increasing cell densities revealed that MC-LR is quorum sensing-mediated. Our results undoubtedly confirmed that MC-LR was produced in a cell density-dependent way that mimics quorum sensing, and the minimum cell density (ca. 22 × 106 cells/mL) that was required to produce MC-LR was provided and offered a reference standard for the prevention and control of MCs pollution in the actual water environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shanlin Wang
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ping Ding
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Siyu Lu
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Pian Wu
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Xiaoqian Wei
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Ruixue Huang
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; Hunan Provincial Key Laboratory of Clinical Epidemiology, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China
| | - Tianhan Kai
- Xiang Ya School of Public Health, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410078, China; College of Chemistry and Chemical Engineering, Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410083, China.
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14
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Tian X, Li Y, Xu H, Pang Y, Zhang J, Pei H. Fe 2+ activating sodium percarbonate (SPC) to enhance removal of Microcystis aeruginosa and microcystins with pre-oxidation and in situ coagulation. JOURNAL OF HAZARDOUS MATERIALS 2021; 412:125206. [PMID: 33516101 DOI: 10.1016/j.jhazmat.2021.125206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2020] [Revised: 01/19/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The frequent occurrence of cyanobacterial blooms has become a concern for drinking water safety. Common pre-oxidation, which was widely considered to enhance the followed coagulation, can cause the rupture of algae cell, leading to the undesirable release of intracellular organic matter. In this study, the Fe2+ activating sodium percarbonate (SPC/Fe2+) process for pre-oxidation and in situ coagulation was proved to effectively remove Microcystis aeruginosa without damaging cell integrity at optimal combined doses of SPC (0.2 mM) and Fe2+ (0.2 mM). Moreover, the SPC/Fe2+ process can not only control the release of MCs, but also reduce extracellular MCs from 5.22 μg/L to 1.50 μg/L, due to their moderate oxidation. Meanwhile, the SPC/Fe2+ treatment produces low levels of residual Fe after settling. During sludge ageing, owing to oxidation damage on cells arising from the SPC/Fe2+ treatment, cells continually suffered severe damage and lysed on day 4, leading to large release of intracellular organic matter and MCs, correspondingly. As a result, it is worth noting that the M. aeruginosa cells in stored sludge should be treated or disposed of early. These findings support the development of a green and cost-effective technology to handle cyanobacteria-containing water based on SPC/Fe2+ for ensuring water quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaomeng Tian
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Yizhen Li
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Hangzhou Xu
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan 250061, China
| | - Yiming Pang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Jing Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China
| | - Haiyan Pei
- State Key Laboratory of Microbial Technology, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Shandong University, Qingdao 266237, China; Shandong Provincial Engineering Center on Environmental Science and Technology, Jinan 250061, China.
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15
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Zhang S, Du X, Liu H, Losiewic MD, Chen X, Ma Y, Wang R, Tian Z, Shi L, Guo H, Zhang H. The latest advances in the reproductive toxicity of microcystin-LR. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 192:110254. [PMID: 32991922 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2020.110254] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 22.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2020] [Revised: 09/02/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Microcystin-LR (MC-LR) is an emerging environmental pollutant produced by cyanobacteria that poses a threat to wild life and human health. In recent years, the reproductive toxicity of MC-LR has gained widespread attention, a large number of toxicological studies have filled the gaps in past research and more molecular mechanisms have been elucidated. Hence, this paper reviews the latest research advances on MC-LR-induced reproductive toxicity. MC-LR can damage the structure and function of the testis, ovary, prostate, placenta and other organs of animals and then reduce their fertility. Meanwhile, MC-LR can also be transmitted through the placenta to the offspring causing trans-generational and developmental toxicity including death, malformation, growth retardation, and organ dysfunction in embryos and juveniles. The mechanisms of MC-LR-induced reproductive toxicity mainly include the inhibition of protein phosphatase 1/2 A (PP1/2 A) activity and the induction of oxidative stress. On the one hand, MC-LR triggers the hyperphosphorylation of certain proteins by inhibiting intracellular PP1/2 A activity, thereby activating multiple signaling pathways that cause inflammation and blood-testis barrier destruction, etc. On the other hand, MC-LR-induced oxidative stress can result in cell programmed death via the mitochondrial and endoplasmic reticulum pathways. It is worth noting that epigenetic modifications are also involved in reproductive cell apoptosis, which may be an important direction for future research. Furthermore, this paper proposes for the first time that MC-LR can produce estrogenic effects in animals as an environmental estrogen. New findings and suggestions in this review could be areas of interest for future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyu Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Xingde Du
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Haohao Liu
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Michael D Losiewic
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Xinghai Chen
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, St Mary's University, San Antonio, TX, USA
| | - Ya Ma
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Rui Wang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Zhihui Tian
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Linjia Shi
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Hongxiang Guo
- College of Life Sciences, Henan Agricultural University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Huizhen Zhang
- College of Public Health, Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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