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Chen Y, Zhao S, Xu Y, Cai M, Zhang G. SARS-CoV-2 transmission via maritime cold chains: A statistical analysis of nucleic acid detection results of cold chain food imported from Fuzhou ports. Heliyon 2023; 9:e21954. [PMID: 38034616 PMCID: PMC10685251 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e21954] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2023] [Revised: 10/22/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 12/02/2023] Open
Abstract
Numerous epidemic outbreaks related to cold chains have occurred since the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) outbreak, suggesting the potential danger of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) transmission through cold chain foods (CCFs). By analyzing SARS-CoV-2 RNA contamination of CCFs imported from Fuzhou ports, this study evaluated the contamination and transmission of SARS-CoV-2 RNA via maritime cold chains, with the aim of provide suggestions for CCFs supervision and public health management. The statistical analysis included 131,385 samples. The majority of the CCFs imported into Fuzhou ports was aquatic raw food that originated in Southeast Asia (57.08 %), South America (19.87 %), and South Asia (11.22 %). South Asia had the highest positivity rate of 0.37 %, followed by Southeast Asia (0.21 %) and South America (0.08 %). The positivity rate showed that the outer packaging of CCFs was the most easily contaminated, accounting for 81.33 % of all positive samples. This suggested that CCFs storage and loading processes were the weak links vulnerable to SARS-CoV-2 contamination. The positivity rates in outer packaging, inner packaging, and content of raw food were 0.48 %, 0.08 %, and 0.05 %, respectively, which were obviously higher than those of processed and refined food. This indicated that increasing the mechanization of factories and implementing sensible worker management practices may decrease viral contamination. The monthly positivity rates varied widely from 0 % (March 2021) to 0.40 % (January 2021), with an average of 0.19 %. The positivity rates in outer packaging, inner packaging and content of crustaceans from Southeast Asia were 2.47 %, 0.41 %, and 0.69 %, which were approximately 5-14 times higher than those of fish and cephalopods. Meanwhile, the monthly detection number show that SARS-CoV-2 epidemic prevention strategies affected the trade of imported CCFs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuxiang Chen
- Fujian CapitalBio Medical Laboratory, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Shuai Zhao
- Department of Breast Surgery, Fujian Provincial Maternity and Children's Hospital, Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350001, China
| | - Yiyuan Xu
- Fujian CapitalBio Medical Laboratory, Fuzhou, 350108, China
| | - Mingzhi Cai
- Zhangzhou Affiliated Hospital of Fujian Medical University, Zhangzhou, 363000, China
| | - Guanbin Zhang
- Fujian CapitalBio Medical Laboratory, Fuzhou, 350108, China
- National Engineering Research Center for Beijing Biochip Technology, Beijing, 102206, China
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, Fujian Medical University, Fuzhou, 350122, China
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Chen Z, Li X, Zhou J, Zhou T, Lin T, Xu C, Yu J, Li K, Zhang Z, Zhao W. Cold-Chain-Food-Related COVID-19 Surveillance in Guangzhou between July 2020 and December 2022. Foods 2023; 12:2701. [PMID: 37509793 PMCID: PMC10379576 DOI: 10.3390/foods12142701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/13/2023] [Revised: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 07/12/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To monitor severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) RNA contamination in samples linked to imported cold-chain food and assess the situation from the implementation of a centralized supervision warehouse system in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province, China. METHODS Swabs of workers and frozen-food-related samples were collected between July 2020 and December 2023 in Guangzhou, Guangdong Province. SARS-CoV-2 RNA was extracted and analyzed by a real-time quantitative polymerase chain reaction using the commercially available SARS-CoV-2 nucleic acid test kit. The risk level and food source were monitored simultaneously. RESULTS A total of 283 positive cold-chain events were found in Guangzhou since the first cold-chain-related event of the coronavirus disease 2019 pandemic was identified in July 2020. Most positive samples were a low-to-medium risk, and the cycle threshold value was >30. No live virus was detected, and no staff came into direct contact with a live virus. In total, 87.63% of positive events were identified through sampling and testing at the centralized food warehouse. CONCLUSION Cold-chain food has a relatively low risk of transmitting SARS-CoV-2. Centralized food storage can be used as an effective method to control this risk, and this measure can also be used for other food-related, contact-transmitted diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zongqiu Chen
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Xiaoning Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Jinhua Zhou
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Tengfei Zhou
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Tianji Lin
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Conghui Xu
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Jianhai Yu
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
| | - Kuibiao Li
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Zhoubin Zhang
- Guangzhou Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Guangzhou 510440, China
| | - Wei Zhao
- BSL-3 Laboratory (Guangdong), Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Tropical Disease Research, School of Public Health, Southern Medical University, Guangzhou 510515, China
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Runlian H, Xinjie D, Ahmed O, Cho E, Chung S. Application of Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 to Measure the Anxiety Response of Cold Chain Practitioners During the COVID-19 Post-Pandemic Era in China. Psychiatry Investig 2023; 20:75-83. [PMID: 36891591 PMCID: PMC9996138 DOI: 10.30773/pi.2022.0197] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 02/25/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE This study explored the psychometric properties of the Chinese version of the Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-6 Items (SAVE-6) scale for cold chain practitioners exposed to moderate-to-high risk of infection. METHODS A total of 233 cold chain practitioners participated in an anonymous online survey, conducted from October to November 2021. The questionnaire comprised participant demographic characteristics, the Chinese version of SAVE-6, the Generalized Anxiety Disorders-7 (GAD-7), and the Patient Health Questionnaire-9 (PHQ-9) scales. RESULTS Based on the results of the parallel analysis, the single-structure model of the Chinese version of SAVE-6 was adopted. The scale showed satisfactory internal consistency (Cronbach's alpha=0.930) and good convergent validity based on Spearman's correlation coefficient with the GAD-7 (rho=0.616, p<0.001) and PHQ-9 (rho=0.540, p<0.001) scale scores. The optimal cutoff score for Chinese Stress and Anxiety to Viral Epidemics-9 Items was identified as ≥12 (area under the curve=0.797, Sensitivity=0.76, Specificity=0.66) for cold chain practitioners. CONCLUSION The Chinese version of the SAVE-6 scale has good psychometric properties and can be applied as a reliable and valid rating scale to assess the anxiety response of cold chain practitioners in the post-pandemic era.
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Affiliation(s)
- He Runlian
- Department of Nursing, Taiyuan Central Hospital, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Du Xinjie
- Department of Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Shanxi Medical University, Taiyuan, Shanxi, China
| | - Oli Ahmed
- Department of Psychology, University of Chittagong, Chattogram, Bangladesh.,National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Canberra, Australia
| | - Eulah Cho
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Seockhoon Chung
- Department of Psychiatry, Asan Medical Center, University of Ulsan College of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
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Al Huraimel K, Alhosani M, Gopalani H, Kunhabdulla S, Stietiya MH. Elucidating the role of environmental management of forests, air quality, solid waste and wastewater on the dissemination of SARS-CoV-2. HYGIENE AND ENVIRONMENTAL HEALTH ADVANCES 2022; 3:100006. [PMID: 37519421 PMCID: PMC9095661 DOI: 10.1016/j.heha.2022.100006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2022] [Revised: 04/13/2022] [Accepted: 04/30/2022] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
The increasing frequency of zoonotic diseases is amongst several catastrophic repercussions of inadequate environmental management. Emergence, prevalence, and lethality of zoonotic diseases is intrinsically linked to environmental management which are currently at a destructive level globally. The effects of these links are complicated and interdependent, creating an urgent need of elucidating the role of environmental mismanagement to improve our resilience to future pandemics. This review focused on the pertinent role of forests, outdoor air, indoor air, solid waste and wastewater management in COVID-19 dissemination to analyze the opportunities prevailing to control infectious diseases considering relevant data from previous disease outbreaks. Global forest management is currently detrimental and hotspots of forest fragmentation have demonstrated to result in zoonotic disease emergences. Deforestation is reported to increase susceptibility to COVID-19 due to wildfire induced pollution and loss of forest ecosystem services. Detection of SARS-CoV-2 like viruses in multiple animal species also point to the impacts of biodiversity loss and forest fragmentation in relation to COVID-19. Available literature on air quality and COVID-19 have provided insights into the potential of air pollutants acting as plausible virus carrier and aggravating immune responses and expression of ACE2 receptors. SARS-CoV-2 is detected in outdoor air, indoor air, solid waste, wastewater and shown to prevail on solid surfaces and aerosols for prolonged hours. Furthermore, lack of protection measures and safe disposal options in waste management are evoking concerns especially in underdeveloped countries due to high infectivity of SARS-CoV-2. Inadequate legal framework and non-adherence to environmental regulations were observed to aggravate the postulated risks and vulnerability to future waves of pandemics. Our understanding underlines the urgent need to reinforce the fragile status of global environmental management systems through the development of strict legislative frameworks and enforcement by providing institutional, financial and technical supports.
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Affiliation(s)
- Khaled Al Huraimel
- Division of Consultancy, Research & Innovation (CRI), Sharjah Environment Company - Bee'ah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohamed Alhosani
- Division of Consultancy, Research & Innovation (CRI), Sharjah Environment Company - Bee'ah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Hetasha Gopalani
- Division of Consultancy, Research & Innovation (CRI), Sharjah Environment Company - Bee'ah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Shabana Kunhabdulla
- Division of Consultancy, Research & Innovation (CRI), Sharjah Environment Company - Bee'ah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Mohammed Hashem Stietiya
- Division of Consultancy, Research & Innovation (CRI), Sharjah Environment Company - Bee'ah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
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5
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Zhang C, Yang Y, Feng Z, Xiao C, Liu Y, Song X, Lang T. Cold Chain Food and COVID-19 Transmission Risk: From the Perspective of Consumption and Trade. Foods 2022; 11:foods11070908. [PMID: 35406995 PMCID: PMC8998142 DOI: 10.3390/foods11070908] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Revised: 02/08/2022] [Accepted: 03/15/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Since the outbreak of the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19), political and academic circles have focused significant attention on stopping the chain of COVID-19 transmission. In particular outbreaks related to cold chain food (CCF) have been reported, and there remains a possibility that CCF can be a carrier. Based on CCF consumption and trade matrix data, here, the "source" of COVID-19 transmission through CCF was analyzed using a complex network analysis method, informing the construction of a risk assessment model reflecting internal and external transmission dynamics. The model included the COVID-19 risk index, CCF consumption level, urbanization level, CCF trade quantity, and others. The risk level of COVID-19 transmission by CCF and the dominant risk types were analyzed at national and global scales as well as at the community level. The results were as follows. (1) The global CCF trade network is typically dominated by six core countries in six main communities, such as Indonesia, Argentina, Ukraine, Netherlands, and the USA. These locations are one of the highest sources of risk for COVID-19 transmission. (2) The risk of COVID-19 transmission by CCF in specific trade communities is higher than the global average, with the Netherlands-Germany community being at the highest level. There are eight European countries (i.e., Netherlands, Germany, Belgium, France, Spain, Britain, Italy, and Poland) and three American countries (namely the USA, Mexico, and Brazil) facing a very high level of COVID-19 transmission risk by CCF. (3) Of the countries, 62% are dominated by internal diffusion and 23% by external input risk. The countries with high comprehensive transmission risk mainly experience risks from external inputs. This study provides methods for tracing the source of virus transmission and provides a policy reference for preventing the chain of COVID-19 transmission by CCF and maintaining the security of the global food supply chain.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chao Zhang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (C.Z.); (Z.F.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (X.S.); (T.L.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Faculty of Geographical Science, Beijing Normal University, Beijing 100875, China
| | - Yanzhao Yang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (C.Z.); (Z.F.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (X.S.); (T.L.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for Resource and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100101, China
- Correspondence:
| | - Zhiming Feng
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (C.Z.); (Z.F.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (X.S.); (T.L.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for Resource and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Chiwei Xiao
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (C.Z.); (Z.F.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (X.S.); (T.L.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
- Key Laboratory of Carrying Capacity Assessment for Resource and Environment, Ministry of Natural Resources, Beijing 100101, China
| | - Ying Liu
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (C.Z.); (Z.F.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (X.S.); (T.L.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Xinzhe Song
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (C.Z.); (Z.F.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (X.S.); (T.L.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
| | - Tingting Lang
- Institute of Geographic Sciences and Natural Resources Research, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100101, China; (C.Z.); (Z.F.); (C.X.); (Y.L.); (X.S.); (T.L.)
- College of Resources and Environment, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China
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Chen L, Lee WJ, Ma Y, Jang SS, Fong K, Wang S. The efficacy of different sanitizers against MS2 bacteriophage introduced onto plastic or stainless steel surfaces. Curr Res Food Sci 2022; 5:175-181. [PMID: 35072105 PMCID: PMC8761864 DOI: 10.1016/j.crfs.2022.01.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2021] [Revised: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 01/06/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The virucidal activities of 11 prepared disinfectant solutions (active ingredients of household sanitizers) and 10 household sanitizers against bacteriophage MS2 on plastic and stainless steel surfaces were studied. Among the prepared sanitizers, 70-90% ethanol and ethanol-based disinfectants resulted in 1-2.5 log PFU/mL reductions on both surfaces. The 70% isopropanol and isopropanol-based formula reduced MS2 by 0.7-1.5 log PFU/mL on both surfaces. Other disinfectants, containing 0.1% benzalkonium chloride (BAC), 0.5% hydrogen peroxide, or 4% acetic acid, showed significant (P < 0.05) lower log reductions (-0.17-0.55 log PFU/mL) compared with other treatments. At room temperature, the virucidal activities of 70% ethanol on plastic (1.46-1.64 log PFU/mL reductions) and stainless steel (0.84-0.93 log PFU/mL reductions) surfaces were not significantly (P > 0.05) affected by the treatment time (30-600 s). However, 85% ethanol-treated groups showed significant (P < 0.05) higher log reductions in 60 and 600 s treated groups (1.69-2.24 log PFU/mL) compared with those in 30 s treated groups (0.92-1.32 log PFU/mL). Their virucidal activities were further examined at low temperatures (4 and 8 °C). We observed that the surface inactivation efficacies were not affected by the low temperatures. In addition, the virucidal activities of household sanitizers revealed that sanitizers with 1.84% (pH = 12.5, ∼17,500 ppm free-chlorine concentrations) or 3% (pH = 13.1, ∼38,100 ppm free-chlorine concentrations) sodium hypochlorite (NaClO) reduced 4.15-6.23 log PFU/mL MS2 on hard surfaces after 60 s contact time. Furthermore, an approximately 1.5 log PFU/mL reduction was observed in groups treated by sanitizer H (active ingredients: 58% ethanol + 0.1% quaternary ammonium compound). Household products with BAC or organic acid resulted in -0.28-0.33 log reductions on two surfaces after 30 or 60 s treatment. Therefore, the use of ethanol and NaClO-based products should be considered as a potential surface decontamination strategy in the food industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Chen
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Win-ju Lee
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Yvonne Ma
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Sung Sik Jang
- British Columbia Centre for Disease Control, Vancouver, BC, Canada
| | - Karen Fong
- Summerland Research & Development Centre, Agriculture & Agri-Food Canada, Summerland, BC, Canada
| | - Siyun Wang
- Food, Nutrition and Health, Faculty of Land and Food Systems, The University of British Columbia, Vancouver, BC, Canada
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Han S, Liu X. Can imported cold food cause COVID-19 recurrent outbreaks? A review. ENVIRONMENTAL CHEMISTRY LETTERS 2022; 20:119-129. [PMID: 34512224 PMCID: PMC8422046 DOI: 10.1007/s10311-021-01312-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/11/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 05/04/2023]
Abstract
The coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic is still spreading all over the world. Although China quickly brought the severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) under control in 2020, sporadic outbreaks have recurred from time to time. Outbreaks since June 2020 have suggested that the imported cold food supply chain is a major cause for the recurrence and spread of COVID-19. Here we review recurrent outbreaks in China from June 2020 to March 2021, and we analyse the main causes for recurrence and transmission by the supply of imported cold food from port to fork. Contaminated cold food or food packaging material can transmit the virus through 'person-to-thing-to-person', by contrast with the classical 'person-to-person' pathway. We decribe safety precautions for the food system, operating environment and people along the cold chain logistics. Surface disinfection and nucleic acid inspection are needed in each stage of the logistics of imported cold food supply.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shilian Han
- School of Marketing and Logistics Management, Nanjing University of Finance & Economics, Nanjing, 210023 China
| | - Xinwang Liu
- School of Economics and Management, Southeast University, Nanjing, 211189 China
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Youssef M, Ahmed HY, Zongo A, Korin A, Zhan F, Hady E, Umair M, Shahid Riaz Rajoka M, Xiong Y, Li B. Probiotic Supplements: Their Strategies in the Therapeutic and Prophylactic of Human Life-Threatening Diseases. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:11290. [PMID: 34681948 PMCID: PMC8537706 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222011290] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/21/2021] [Revised: 10/10/2021] [Accepted: 10/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Chronic diseases and viral infections have threatened human life over the ages and constitute the main reason for increasing death globally. The rising burden of these diseases extends to negatively affecting the economy and trading globally, as well as daily life, which requires inexpensive, novel, and safe therapeutics. Therefore, scientists have paid close attention to probiotics as safe remedies to combat these morbidities owing to their health benefits and biotherapeutic effects. Probiotics have been broadly adopted as functional foods, nutraceuticals, and food supplements to improve human health and prevent some morbidity. Intriguingly, recent research indicates that probiotics are a promising solution for treating and prophylactic against certain dangerous diseases. Probiotics could also be associated with their essential role in animating the immune system to fight COVID-19 infection. This comprehensive review concentrates on the newest literature on probiotics and their metabolism in treating life-threatening diseases, including immune disorders, pathogens, inflammatory and allergic diseases, cancer, cardiovascular disease, gastrointestinal dysfunctions, and COVID-19 infection. The recent information in this report will particularly furnish a platform for emerging novel probiotics-based therapeutics as cheap and safe, encouraging researchers and stakeholders to develop innovative treatments based on probiotics to prevent and treat chronic and viral diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mahmoud Youssef
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Y.); (A.Z.); (A.K.); (F.Z.); (E.H.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Hanaa Y. Ahmed
- The Regional Center for Mycology and Biotechnology, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11787, Egypt;
| | - Abel Zongo
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Y.); (A.Z.); (A.K.); (F.Z.); (E.H.)
- Biological Sciences, Food and Nutrition Research Center, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, University Joseph Ki-Zerbo, Ouagadougou 03 BP 7021, Burkina Faso
| | - Ali Korin
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Y.); (A.Z.); (A.K.); (F.Z.); (E.H.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Fuchao Zhan
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Y.); (A.Z.); (A.K.); (F.Z.); (E.H.)
| | - Essam Hady
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Y.); (A.Z.); (A.K.); (F.Z.); (E.H.)
- Food Science and Technology Department, Faculty of Agriculture, Al-Azhar University, Cairo 11651, Egypt
| | - Muhammad Umair
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.U.); (M.S.R.R.)
| | - Muhammad Shahid Riaz Rajoka
- Department of Food Science and Engineering, College of Chemistry and Engineering, Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518060, China; (M.U.); (M.S.R.R.)
| | - Yongai Xiong
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Key Laboratory of Basic Pharmacology of Guizhou Province and School of Pharmacy, Zunyi Medical University, Zunyi 563003, China
| | - Bin Li
- College of Food Science and Technology, Huazhong Agricultural University, Wuhan 430070, China; (M.Y.); (A.Z.); (A.K.); (F.Z.); (E.H.)
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9
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Núñez-Delgado A, Bontempi E, Coccia M, Kumar M, Farkas K, Domingo JL. SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic microorganisms in the environment. ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH 2021; 201:111606. [PMID: 34181924 PMCID: PMC8459334 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111606] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
The title of the Virtual Special Issue (VSI) "SARS-CoV-2 and other pathogenic microorganisms in the environment", clearly indicates a main focus not only on the virus causing the current pandemic, but also on other pathogenic microorganisms and their spatial and temporal dynamics in environmental compartments. Overall, the VSI has received more than 100 submissions relating to most of the possible fields connected to the pandemic, many of them of high scientific value. A rigorous peer-reviewing process has been carried out, with a panel of experts making a great work to evaluate that important number of submissions. As a result, those manuscripts reaching the highest scientific standards were selected for publication. We think that the papers included constitute a set of high-quality contributions, which should help to improve the overall scientific perspective regarding this crucial issue. In this piece, the Editors comment some issues on the papers accepted for publication, and include additional reflections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Avelino Núñez-Delgado
- Dept. Soil Sci. and Agric. Chem., Univ. Santiago de Compostela, Engineering Polytech. School, Campus Univ. S/n, 27002, Lugo, Spain.
| | - Elza Bontempi
- INSTM and University of Brescia, Via Branze 38, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Mario Coccia
- National Research Council of Italy, Research Institute on Sustainable Economic Growth, Roma, Italy
| | - Manish Kumar
- Indian Institute of Technology Gandhinagar, Palaj, Gujarat, 382 355, India
| | - Kata Farkas
- School of Natural Sciences, Bangor University, Deiniol Rd, Bangor, Gwynedd, UK
| | - José L Domingo
- Laboratory of Toxicology and Environmental Health, School of Medicine, Universitat Rovira I Virgili, Reus, Spain
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