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Chan TC, Lee PH, Lee YT, Tang JH. Exploring the spatial association between the distribution of temperature and urban morphology with green view index. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0301921. [PMID: 38743681 PMCID: PMC11093354 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0301921] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/21/2024] [Indexed: 05/16/2024] Open
Abstract
Urban heat islands will occur if city neighborhoods contain insufficient green spaces to create a comfortable environment, and residents' health will be adversely affected. Current satellite imagery can only effectively identify large-scale green spaces and cannot capture street trees or potted plants within three-dimensional building spaces. In this study, we used a deep convolutional neural network semantic segmentation model on Google Street View to extract environmental features at the neighborhood level in Taipei City, Taiwan, including the green vegetation index (GVI), building view factor, and sky view factor. Monthly temperature data from 2018 to 2021 with a 0.01° spatial resolution were used. We applied a linear mixed-effects model and geographically weighted regression to explore the association between pedestrian-level green spaces and ambient temperature, controlling for seasons, land use information, and traffic volume. Their results indicated that a higher GVI was significantly associated with lower ambient temperatures and temperature differences. Locations with higher traffic flows or specific land uses, such as religious or governmental, are associated with higher ambient temperatures. In conclusion, the GVI from street-view imagery at the community level can improve the understanding of urban green spaces and evaluate their effects in association with other social and environmental indicators.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ta-Chien Chan
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
- Institute of Public Health, School of Medicine, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Taipei, Taiwan
- Department of Public Health, College of Public Health, China Medical University, Taichung Campus, Taiwan
- School of Medicine, College of Medicine, National Sun Yat-sen University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Ping-Hsien Lee
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Ting Lee
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Jia-Hong Tang
- Research Center for Humanities and Social Sciences, Academia Sinica, Taipei, Taiwan
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Pan J, Hu K, Yu X, Li W, Shen Y, Song Z, Guo Y, Yang M, Hu F, Xia Q, Du Z, Wu X. Beneficial associations between outdoor visible greenness at the workplace and metabolic syndrome in Chinese adults. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2024; 183:108327. [PMID: 38157607 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2023.108327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Revised: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 11/12/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Greenness surrounding residential places has been found to significantly reduce the risk of diseases such as hypertension, obesity, and metabolic syndrome (MetS). However, it is unclear whether visible greenness exposure at the workplace has any impact on the risk of MetS. METHODS Visible greenness exposure was assessed using a Green View Index (GVI) based on street view images through a convolutional neural network model. We utilized logistic regression to examine the cross-sectional association between GVI and MetS as well as its components among 51,552 adults aged 18-60 in the city of Hangzhou, China, from January 2018 to December 2021. Stratified analyses were conducted by age and sex groups. Furthermore, a scenario analysis was conducted to investigate the risks of having MetS among adults in different GVI scenarios. RESULTS The mean age of the participants was 40.1, and 38.5% were women. We found a statistically significant association between GVI and having MetS. Compared to the lowest quartile of GVI, participants in the highest quartile of GVI had a 17% (95% CI: 11-23%) lower odds of having MetS. The protective association was stronger in the males, but we did not observe such differences in different age groups. Furthermore, we found inverse associations between GVI and the odds of hypertension, low high-density lipoprotein cholesterol, obesity, and high levels of FPG. CONCLUSIONS Higher exposure to outdoor visible greenness in the workplace environment might have a protective effect against MetS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiahao Pan
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Kejia Hu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Xinyan Yu
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Wenyuan Li
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Yujie Shen
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Zhenya Song
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Yi Guo
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Min Yang
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China
| | - Fang Hu
- Department of Health Management Center and Department of General Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou, 310009 Zhejiang, China
| | - Qunke Xia
- School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China
| | - Zhenhong Du
- School of Earth Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310027, China; Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory of Geographic Information Science, Hangzhou 310028, China.
| | - Xifeng Wu
- Center for Clinical Big Data and Analytics School of Public Health and The Second Affiliated Hospital, Zhejiang University School of Medicine, Hangzhou 310000, Zhejiang, China; The Key Laboratory of Intelligent Preventive Medicine of Zhejiang Province, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058, China; Cancer Center, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, Zhejiang 310058 China.
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Wei N, Wang S, Li X, Pan R, Yi W, Song J, Liu L, Liu J, Yuan J, Song R, Cheng J, Su H. The association between greenery type and gut microbiome in schizophrenia: did all greenspaces play the equivalent role? ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2023; 30:100006-100017. [PMID: 37624502 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-023-29419-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/08/2023] [Accepted: 08/17/2023] [Indexed: 08/26/2023]
Abstract
In recent years, attention has been focused on the benefit of greenspace on mental health, and it is suggested this link may vary with the type of greenspace. More and more studies have emphasized the influence of the gut microbiome on schizophrenia (SCZ). However, the effects of greenspaces on the gut microbiota in SCZ and the effect of different types of greenspaces on the gut microbiota remain unclear. We aim to examine if there were variations in the effects of various greenspace types on the gut microbiome in SCZ. Besides, we sink to explore important taxonomic compositions associated with different greenspace types. We recruited 243 objects with schizophrenia from Anhui Mental Health Center and collected fecal samples for 16Sr RNA gene sequencing. Three types of greenery coverage were calculated with different circular buffers (800, 1500, and 3000 m) corresponding to individual addresses. The association between greenspace and microbiome composition was analyzed with permutational analysis of variance (PERMANOVA). We conducted the linear regression to capture specific gut microbiome taxa associated with greenery coverage. Tree coverage was consistently associated with microbial composition in both 1500 m (R2 = 0.007, P = 0.030) and 3000 m (R2 = 0.007, P = 0.039). In contrast, there was no association with grass cover in any of the buffer zones. In the regression analysis, higher tree coverage was significantly correlated with the relative abundance of several taxa. Among them, tree coverage was positively associated with increased Bifidobacterium longum (β = 1.069, P = 0.004), which was the dominant composition in the gut microbiota. The relationship between greenspace and gut microbiome in SCZ differed by the type of greenspace. Besides, "tree coverage" may present a dominant effect on the important taxonomic composition. Our findings might provide instructive evidence for the design of urban greenspace to optimize health and well-being in SCZ as well as the whole people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ning Wei
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Shusi Wang
- Hefei Stomatological Hospital, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Xuanxuan Li
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Rubing Pan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Weizhuo Yi
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Li Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jintao Liu
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jiajun Yuan
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Rong Song
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Jian Cheng
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China
| | - Hong Su
- Department of Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
- Anhui Province Key Laboratory of Major Autoimmune Disease, Hefei, 230032, Anhui, China.
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Zhang W, Peng W, Cai J, Jiang Y, Zhou C, Zha Z, Mi J. Residential surrounding greenness is associated with improved lung function in adults: a cross-sectional study in eastern China. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:632. [PMID: 37013488 PMCID: PMC10069091 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15473-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2022] [Accepted: 03/20/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND While benefits of greenness exposure to health have been reported, findings specific to lung function are inconsistent. The purpose of this study is to assess the correlations of greenness exposure with multiple lung function indicators based on chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) monitoring database from multiple cities of Anhui province in China. METHODS We assessed the greenness using the annual average of normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) with a distance of 1000-meter buffer around each local community or village. Three types of lung function indicators were considered, namely indicators of obstructive ventilatory dysfunction (FVC, FEV1, FEV1/FVC, and FEV1/FEV3); an indicator of large-airway dysfunction (PEF); indicators of small-airway dysfunction (FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, MMEF, FEV3, FEV6, and FEV3/FVC). Linear mixed effects model was used to analyze associations of greenness exposure with lung function through adjusting age, sex, educational level, occupation, residence, smoking status, history of tuberculosis, family history of lung disease, indoor air pollution, occupational exposure, PM2.5, and body mass index. RESULTS A total of 2768 participants were recruited for the investigations. An interquartile range (IQR) increase in NDVI was associated with better FVC (153.33mL, 95%CI: 44.07mL, 262.59mL), FEV1 (109.09mL, 95%CI: 30.31mL, 187.88mL), FEV3 (138.04mL, 95%CI: 39.43mL, 236.65mL), FEV6 (145.42mL, 95%CI: 42.36mL, 248.47mL). However, there were no significant associations with PEF, FEF25%, FEF50%, FEF75%, MMEF, FEV1/FVC, FEV1/FEV6, FEV3/FVC. The stratified analysis displayed that an IQR increase in NDVI was related with improved lung function in less than 60 years, females, urban populations, nonsmokers, areas with medium concentrations of PM2.5 and individuals with BMI of less than 28 kg/m2. Sensitivity analyses based on another greenness indice (enhanced vegetation index, EVI) and annual maximum of NDVI remained consistent with the main analysis. CONCLUSIONS Our findings supported that exposure to greenness was strongly related with improved lung function.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenhao Zhang
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Wenjia Peng
- School of Public Health, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Jun Cai
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Yuhong Jiang
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Cheng Zhou
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China
| | - Zhenqiu Zha
- Anhui Provincial Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Hefei, Anhui, 230601, China.
| | - Jing Mi
- Epidemiology and Health Statistics, School of Public Health, Bengbu Medical College, Bengbu, Anhui, 233000, China.
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Associations of residential greenness with unhealthy consumption behaviors: Evidence from high-density Hong Kong using street-view and conventional exposure metrics. Int J Hyg Environ Health 2023; 249:114145. [PMID: 36848736 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijheh.2023.114145] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2022] [Revised: 02/04/2023] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 02/27/2023]
Abstract
AIM Residential greenness was theoretically associated with health-related consumption behaviors concerning the socio-ecological model and restoration environment theory, but empirical studies were limited, especially in high-density cities. We examined the associations of residential greenness with unhealthy consumption behaviors (infrequent breakfast consumption, infrequent fruit consumption, infrequent vegetable consumption, alcohol drinking, binge drinking, cigarette smoking, moderate-to-heavy smoking, and heavy smoking) using street-view and conventional greenness metrics in high-density Hong Kong. METHODS This cross-sectional study employed survey data from 1,977 adults and residence-based objective environmental data in Hong Kong. Street-view greenness (SVG) was extracted from Google Street View images using an object-based image classification algorithm. Two conventional greenness metrics were used, including normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) derived from Landsat 8 remote-sensing images and park density derived from a geographic information system database. In the main analyses, logistic regression analyses together with interaction and stratified models were performed with environmental metrics measured within a 1000-m buffer of residence. RESULTS A standard deviation higher SVG and NDVI were significantly associated with fewer odds of infrequent breakfast consumption (OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.71-0.94 for SVG; OR = 0.83, 95% CI 0.73-0.95 for NDVI), infrequent fruit consumption (OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.77-0.94 for SVG; OR = 0.85, 95% CI 0.77-0.94 for NDVI), and infrequent vegetable consumption (OR = 0.78, 95% CI 0.66-0.92 for SVG; OR = 0.81, 95% CI 0.69-0.94 for NDVI). The higher SVG was significantly associated with less binge drinking and the higher SVG at a 400-m buffer and a 600-m buffer were significantly associated with less heavy smoking. Park density was not significantly associated with any unhealthy consumption behaviors. Some of the above significant associations were moderated by moderate physical activity, mental and physical health, age, monthly income, and marital status. CONCLUSIONS This study highlights the potential beneficial impact of residential greenness, especially in terms of street greenery, on healthier eating habits, less binge drinking, and less heavy smoking.
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Ye T, Guo Y, Abramson MJ, Li T, Li S. Greenspace and children's lung function in China: A cross-sectional study between 2013 and 2015. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 858:159952. [PMID: 36336037 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.159952] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2022] [Revised: 10/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/31/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
This study aims to investigate how surrounding greenspace density and proximity were associated with children's lung function. Between 2013 and 2015, spirometry and a parental survey were performed with children from four primary schools in two Chinese cities. Forced expiratory volume in 1 s (FEV1, L), forced vital capacity (FVC, L), peak expiratory flow rate (PEF, L/s), and forced expiratory flow at 25 % (FEF25, L/s) and 75 % (FEF75, L/s) of FVC were measured. Outdoor surrounding greenspace index incorporated residential, school and commuting greenness and was weighted using assumed daytime hours spent at home and school. Residential proximity to greenspace index was defined as walking distance to nearest park. A total of 913 children (48.7 % female) were included. Overall, an interquartile range (IQR) increase in outdoor surrounding greenspace was associated with decreased FVC (0.06 L, 95%CI 0.01-0.11), but increased FEV1/FVC (2.03, 1.13-3.04), PEF (0.26 L/s, 0.13-0.39), and FEF25 (0.30 L/s, 0.17-0.42). Residential proximity to greenspace was associated with increased FEV1 (0.05 L, 0.02-0.08) and FVC (0.04 L, 0.01-0.07) per IQR decrease in distance. Protective effect was significant for children whose parents were less educated and those living in higher road density areas, though interactions were not significant. Structural equation modeling showed that higher level of surrounding greenspace was associated with lower ambient air pollution and in turn with better lung function. Greenspace density and proximity could influence children's lung function differently.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ye
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia
| | - Tiantian Li
- China CDC Key Laboratory of Environment and Population Health, National Institute of Environmental Health, Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention, Beijing 100021, China
| | - Shanshan Li
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC 3004, Australia.
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Yu K, Zhang Q, Meng X, Zhang L, Kan H, Chen R. Association of residential greenness with incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease: A prospective cohort study in the UK Biobank. ENVIRONMENT INTERNATIONAL 2023; 171:107654. [PMID: 36462434 DOI: 10.1016/j.envint.2022.107654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2022] [Revised: 11/03/2022] [Accepted: 11/21/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Residential greenness has been linked to respiratory mortality, but its long-term effect on incident chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) has rarely been investigated. METHODS This prospective cohort study was based on over 350 000 participants aged 38-70 of the UK Biobank, followed from 2006 to 2010 baseline to 2021. COPD cases were ascertained through linkages to health administrative datasets. Residential greenness was measured by satellite-derived normalized difference vegetation index (NDVI) within the 500- and 1 000-m buffer. Effects of greenness on COPD incidence were assessed using Cox proportional hazards models. We also explored mediation by physical activity, particular matter <2.5 μm in aerodynamic diameter (PM2.5) and nitrogen oxides (NOx). Restricted cubic spline models were fit to assess exposure-response relationships. RESULTS A total of 363 212 individuals (mean [SD] age, 56.2 [8.1] years; 193 181 [53.2 %] women] were included in the analyses. 8 261 COPD cases occurred over 4 287 926 person-years of follow-up. We observed 8% lower COPD risk per IQR increase in NDVI in the 500-m buffer (95% CI: 0.89, 0.95). The association between greenness in the 500-m buffer and COPD were partially mediated by physical activity (1.0%, 95% CI: 0.2%, 1.8%), PM2.5 (21.0%, 95% CI: 3.7%, 38.4%) and NOx (17.0%, 95% CI: 2.8%, 31.2%). Similar results were observed for NDVI within 1 000-m buffer. CONCLUSIONS Long-term exposure to residential greenness was associated with lower risk of COPD incidence among UK adults. Our findings provide a rationale for greening policies as part of respiratory health promotion efforts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kexin Yu
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Qingli Zhang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Xia Meng
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Lina Zhang
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China
| | - Haidong Kan
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China; Children's Hospital of Fudan University, National Center for Children's Health, Shanghai, China.
| | - Renjie Chen
- School of Public Health, Key Lab of Public Health Safety of the Ministry of Education and NHC Key Lab of Health Technology Assessment, Fudan University, Shanghai, China.
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Ye T, Yu P, Wen B, Yang Z, Huang W, Guo Y, Abramson MJ, Li S. Greenspace and health outcomes in children and adolescents: A systematic review. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2022; 314:120193. [PMID: 36122655 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2022.120193] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2022] [Revised: 09/04/2022] [Accepted: 09/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
An increasing body of evidence has linked greenspace and various health outcomes in children and adolescents, but the conclusions were inconsistent. For this review, we comprehensively summarized the measurement methods of greenspace, resultant health outcomes, and potential mechanisms from epidemiological studies in children and adolescents (aged ≤19 years). We searched for studies published and indexed in MEDLINE and EMBASE (via Ovid) up to April 11, 2022. There were a total of 9,291 studies identified with 140 articles from 28 countries finally assessed and included in this systematic review. Over 70% of the studies were conducted in highly urbanised countries/regions, but very limited research has been done in low-and middle-income countries and none in Africa. Measures of greenspace varied. Various health outcomes were reported, including protective effects of greenspace exposure on aspects of obesity/overweight, myopia, lung health, circulatory health, cognitive function, and general health in children and adolescents. The associations between greenspace exposure and other health outcomes were inconsistent, especially for respiratory health studies. We pooled odds ratios (OR) using random-effects meta-analysis for health outcomes of asthma (OR = 0.94, 95%CI: 0.84 to 1.06), allergic rhinitis (OR = 0.95; 95% CI: 0.73 to 1.25), and obesity/overweight (OR = 0.91, 95%CI: 0.84 to 0.98) with per 0.1 unit increase in normalized difference in vegetation index (NDVI). These associations have important implications for the assessment and management of urban environment and health in children and adolescents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tingting Ye
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Pei Yu
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Bo Wen
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Zhengyu Yang
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Wenzhong Huang
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Yuming Guo
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Michael J Abramson
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia
| | - Shanshan Li
- Climate, Air Quality Research Unit, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Melbourne, VIC, 3004, Australia.
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Greenspace and mortality in the U.K. Biobank: Longitudinal cohort analysis of socio-economic, environmental, and biomarker pathways. SSM Popul Health 2022; 19:101194. [PMID: 36059376 PMCID: PMC9429791 DOI: 10.1016/j.ssmph.2022.101194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2022] [Revised: 07/06/2022] [Accepted: 07/29/2022] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Exposure to natural greenspace benefits health through direct and indirect pathways: increasing physical activity, improving mental health, relieving social isolation, reducing exposure to extreme temperature, noise, and air pollution. Understanding the etiologic pathway of greenspace and health is needed. Here, we used a large cohort follow-up data from the U.K. Biobank to quantify the magnitude of behavioural factors, psychological factors, biomarkers/physiological measurements, co-morbid diseases, and environmental exposure as potential mediators in the relationship between greenspace and mortality. We estimated hazard ratios (HR) with Cox proportional hazards models, and undertook exploratory mediation analyses to quantify the relative contribution of five types of mediators. Our results indicate greenspace was strongly associated with lower mortality risks [per IQR of public greenspace (HR = 0.90 (95% CI 0.86-0.84)) and domestic gardens (HR = 0.91, (95% CI 0.88-0.94))]. The protective associations were especially pronounced among those with lower individual-level socioeconomic status or living in places with area-level deprivation. Exploratory mediation analysis detected benefits in pathways through reducing air pollution, relieving social isolation and depression, increased physical activity and time spent outdoor, better lung function (FEV1/FVC), and having higher serum vitamin D levels.
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Mueller W, Milner J, Loh M, Vardoulakis S, Wilkinson P. Exposure to urban greenspace and pathways to respiratory health: An exploratory systematic review. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2022; 829:154447. [PMID: 35283125 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2022.154447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 03/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/06/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE Urban greenspace may have a beneficial or adverse effect on respiratory health. Our objective was to perform an exploratory systematic review to synthesise the evidence and identify the potential causal pathways relating urban greenspace and respiratory health. METHODS We followed PRISMA guidelines on systematic reviews and searched five databases for eligible studies during 2000-2021. We incorporated a broad range of urban greenspace and respiratory health search terms, including both observational and experimental studies. Screening, data extraction, and risk of bias, assessed using the Navigation Guide criteria, were performed independently by two authors. We performed a narrative synthesis and discuss suggested pathways to respiratory health. RESULTS We identified 108 eligible papers (n = 104 observational, n = 4 experimental). The most common greenspace indicators were the overall greenery or vegetation (also known as greenness), green land use/land cover of physical area classes (e.g., parks, forests), and tree canopy cover. A wide range of respiratory health indicators were studied, with asthma prevalence being the most common. Two thirds (n = 195) of the associations in these studies were positive (i.e., beneficial) with health, with 31% (n = 91) statistically significant; only 9% (n = 25) of reported associations were negative (i.e., adverse) with health and statistically significant. The most consistent positive evidence was apparent for respiratory mortality. There were n = 35 (32%) 'probably low' and n = 73 (68%) 'probably high' overall ratings of bias. Hypothesised causal pathways for health benefits included lower air pollution, more physically active populations, and exposure to microbial diversity; suggested mechanisms with poorer health included exposure to pollen and other aeroallergens. CONCLUSION Many studies showed positive association between urban greenspace and respiratory health, especially lower respiratory mortality; this is suggestive, but not conclusive, of causal effects. Results underscore the importance of contextual factors, greenspace metric employed, and the potential bias of subtle selection factors, which should be explored further.
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Affiliation(s)
- William Mueller
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK; London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK.
| | - James Milner
- London School of Hygiene & Tropical Medicine, UK
| | - Miranda Loh
- Institute of Occupational Medicine, Edinburgh, UK
| | - Sotiris Vardoulakis
- National Centre for Epidemiology and Population Health, Australian National University, Australia
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