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Maurya R, Ali U, Kaul S, Bhaiyya R, Singh RP, Mazumder K. Immobilization of α-transglucosidase on silica-coated magnetic nanoparticles and its application for production of isomaltooligosaccharide from the potato peel. Sci Rep 2023; 13:12708. [PMID: 37543692 PMCID: PMC10404235 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-38266-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2023] [Accepted: 07/05/2023] [Indexed: 08/07/2023] Open
Abstract
In this study, the production of isomaltooligosaccharide from potato peel starch was carried out in three steps: liquefaction, saccharification, and transglucosylation. Further, cloning α-transglucosidase gene from Aspergillus niger (GH31 family), transforming into E. coli BL21 (DE3), overexpressing and purifying the resulting protein for the production of α-transglucosidase. The generated α-transglucosidase was then bound with magnetic nanoparticles, which improved reusability up to 5 cycles with more than 60% activity. All the modifications were characterized using the following methods: Fourier transform infra-red analysis, Transmission Electron Microscopy, Field Emission Scanning Electron Microscopy, Energy Dispersive X-ray spectroscopy, X-Ray Diffraction Spectroscopy, Thermogravimetric Analysis, and Dynamic Light Scattering (DLS) analysis. Further, the optimum conditions for transglucosylation were determined by RSM as follows: enzyme-to-substrate ratio 6.9 U g-1, reaction time 9 h, temperature 45 °C, and pH 5.5 with a yield of 70 g l-1 (± 2.1). MALDI-TOF-MS analysis showed DP of the IMOs in ranges of 2-10. The detailed structural characterization of isomaltooligosaccharide by GC-MS and NMR suggested the α-(1 → 4) and α-(1 → 6)-D-Glcp residues as major constituents along with minor α-(1 → 2) and α-(1 → 3) -D-Glcp residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rohit Maurya
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
- Regional Centre for Biotechnology, Faridabad-Gurgaon, Haryana, 121001, India
| | - Usman Ali
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Sunaina Kaul
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
| | - Raja Bhaiyya
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, North Gate Gujarat International Finance Tech-City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Ravindra Pal Singh
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India
- Department of Industrial Biotechnology, Gujarat Biotechnology University, North Gate Gujarat International Finance Tech-City, Gandhinagar, Gujarat, 382355, India
| | - Koushik Mazumder
- National Agri-Food Biotechnology Institute (NABI), Sector-81 (Knowledge City), S.A.S. Nagar, Mohali, Punjab, 140306, India.
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Zeng M, van Pijkeren JP, Pan X. Gluco-oligosaccharides as potential prebiotics: Synthesis, purification, structural characterization, and evaluation of prebiotic effect. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2023; 22:2611-2651. [PMID: 37073416 DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.13156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2022] [Revised: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 03/24/2023] [Indexed: 04/20/2023]
Abstract
Prebiotics have long been used to modulate the gut microbiota and improve host health. Most established prebiotics are nondigestible carbohydrates, especially short-chain oligosaccharides. Recently, gluco-oligosaccharides (GlcOS) with 2-10 glucose residues and one or more O-glycosidic linkage(s) have been found to exert prebiotic potentials (not fully established prebiotics) because of their selective fermentation by beneficial gut bacteria. However, the prebiotic effects (non-digestibility, selective fermentability, and potential health effects) of GlcOS are highly variable due to their complex structure originating from different synthesis processes. The relationship between GlcOS structure and their potential prebiotic effects has not been fully understood. To date, a comprehensive summary of the knowledge of GlcOS is still missing. Therefore, this review provides an overview of GlcOS as potential prebiotics, covering their synthesis, purification, structural characterization, and prebiotic effect evaluation. First, GlcOS with different structures are introduced. Then, the enzymatic and chemical processes for GlcOS synthesis are critically reviewed, including reaction mechanisms, substrates, catalysts, the structures of resultant GlcOS, and the synthetic performance (yield and selectivity). Industrial separation techniques for GlcOS purification and structural characterization methods are discussed in detail. Finally, in vitro and in vivo studies to evaluate the non-digestibility, selective fermentability, and associated health effects of different GlcOS are extensively reviewed with a special focus on the GlcOS structure-function relationship.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meijun Zeng
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
| | | | - Xuejun Pan
- Department of Biological Systems Engineering, University of Wisconsin-Madison, Madison, Wisconsin, USA
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3
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Xu Y, Wang H, Lin Q, Miao Q, Liu M, Ni H, Zhang L, Lyu M, Wang S. Immobilization of Dextranase Obtained from the Marine Cellulosimicrobium sp. Y1 on Nanoparticles: Nano-TiO 2 Improving Hydrolysate Properties and Enhancing Reuse. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2023; 13:1065. [PMID: 36985959 PMCID: PMC10056431 DOI: 10.3390/nano13061065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Revised: 03/05/2023] [Accepted: 03/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
Dextranase is widely used in sugar production, drug synthesis, material preparation, and biotechnology, among other fields. The immobilization of dextranase using nanomaterials in order to make it reusable, is a hot research topic. In this study, the immobilization of purified dextranase was performed using different nanomaterials. The best results were obtained when dextranase was immobilized on titanium dioxide (TiO2), and a particle size of 30 nm was achieved. The optimum immobilization conditions were pH 7.0, temperature 25 °C, time 1 h, and immobilization agent TiO2. The immobilized materials were characterized using Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy, X-ray diffractometry, and field emission gun scanning electron microscopy. The optimum temperature and pH of the immobilized dextranase were 30 °C and 7.5, respectively. The activity of the immobilized dextranase was >50% even after 7 times of reuse, and 58% of the enzyme was active even after 7 days of storage at 25 °C, indicating the reproducibility of the immobilized enzyme. The adsorption of dextranase by TiO2 nanoparticles exhibited secondary reaction kinetics. Compared with free dextranase, the hydrolysates of the immobilized dextranase were significantly different, and consisted mainly of isomaltotriose and isomaltotetraose. The highly polymerized isomaltotetraose levels could reach >78.69% of the product after 30 min of enzymatic digestion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yingying Xu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Huanyu Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Qianru Lin
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Qingzhen Miao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Mingwang Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Hao Ni
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Lei Zhang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Mingsheng Lyu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
| | - Shujun Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine Bioresources and Environment/Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Marine, Biotechnology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
- Co-Innovation Center of Jiangsu Marine Bio-Industry Technology, Jiangsu Ocean University, Lianyungang 222005, China
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Deletion of α-amylase genes via CRISPR/Cas9 decreases the side effects of hydrolysis towards nonreducing maltoheptaose preparation. FOOD BIOSCI 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2022.101801] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Dextran-Based Edible Coatings to Prolong the Shelf Life of Blueberries. Polymers (Basel) 2021; 13:polym13234252. [PMID: 34883755 PMCID: PMC8659454 DOI: 10.3390/polym13234252] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2021] [Revised: 11/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/01/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The development of edible films and coatings in the food packaging industry presents one of the modern strategies for protecting food products and ensuring their freshness and quality during their shelf lives. The application of microbial polysaccharides to the development of food package materials, as an alternative option to the commonly used plastic materials, is both economic and environmentally favorable. New edible films were developed using dextran from lactic acid bacterium Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3, and additionally plasticized by different concentrations of polyglycerol. The best tensile strength of the films was obtained using a formulation that contained 10 wt% of polyglycerol, which corresponded to a value of 4.6 MPa. The most flexible formulation, with elongation at break of 602%, was obtained with 30 wt% of polyglycerol. Water vapor permeability values of the films synthesized in this study were in the range of (3.45–8.81) ∗ 10−12 g/m s Pa. Such low values indicated that they could be efficient in preventing fruit from drying out during storage. Thus, the film formulations were used to coat blueberries in order to assess their quality during a storage time of 21 days at 8 °C. The results showed that dextran/polyglycerol films could be efficient in extending the shelf life of blueberries, which was evidenced by lower weight loss and total sugar solids values, as well as a delay in titratable acidity, in comparison to the uncoated blueberries.
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Yáñez-Fernández J, Herrera Ovando MG, Patlán Ramírez L, Ramírez-Sotelo G, Guarin CA, Castro-Rodríguez DC. Factorial Design to Optimize Dextran Production by the Native Strain Leuconostoc mesenteroides SF3. ACS OMEGA 2021; 6:31203-31210. [PMID: 34841163 PMCID: PMC8613848 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.1c04856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 10/22/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Dextran is an extracellular bacterial polysaccharide for which industrial applications have been found in different areas. Several researchers have optimized the fermentation conditions to maximize dextran production. This study aimed to characterize the dextran of Leuconostoc mesenteroides SF3, which was isolated from the aguamiel of Agave salmiana. To maximize the yield of dextran, the effects of sucrose concentration, temperature, and incubation time were studied. The experiments were conducted using a factorial design and a response surface methodology. L. mesenteroides SF3 produced a maximum yield of dextran (23.8 g/L ± 4) after 16 h of incubation at 25 °C with 10% sucrose. The functional properties such as water absorption capacity, oil absorption capacity, and emulsion activity of this unique dextran were 361.8% ± 3.1, 212.0% ± 6.7, and 58.3% ± 0.7, respectively. These properties indicate that the dextran produced by L. mesenteroides SF3 is a high-quality polysaccharide with potential applications in the food industry, and the optimized conditions for its production could be used for the commercial production of this dextran, which have significant industrial perspectives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Yáñez-Fernández
- Unidad
profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología (UPIBI), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Mirna Griselda Herrera Ovando
- Unidad
profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología (UPIBI), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Larissa Patlán Ramírez
- Unidad
profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología (UPIBI), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Guadalupe Ramírez-Sotelo
- Unidad
profesional Interdisciplinaria de Biotecnología (UPIBI), Instituto Politécnico Nacional (IPN), Mexico City 07340, Mexico
| | - Cesar A. Guarin
- Universidad
Autónoma Metropolitana-Iztapalapa, Mexico City 09340, Mexico
| | - Diana C. Castro-Rodríguez
- CONACyT-Cátedras,
Reproductive Biology Department, Instituto
Nacional de Ciencias Médicas y Nutrición SZ, Mexico City 14080, Mexico
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7
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Palaniappan A, Emmambux MN. The challenges in production technology, health-associated functions, physico-chemical properties and food applications of isomaltooligosaccharides. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2021:1-17. [PMID: 34698594 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2021.1994522] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) are recognized as functional food ingredients with prebiotic potential that deliver health benefits. IMOs have attained commercial interest as they are produced from low-cost agricultural products that are widely available and have prospective applications in the food industry. The review examines the various production processes and the main challenges involved in deriving diverse structures of IMO with maximized yield and increased functionality. The different characterization and purification techniques employed for structural elucidation, the physico-chemical importance, technological properties, food-based applications and biological effects (in vitro and in vivo interventions) have been discussed in detail. The key finding is the need for research involving biotechnological and enzymology aspects to simplify the production technologies that meet the industrial and consumer requirements. The knowledge from this article delivers a clear insight to scientists, food technologists and the general public for the improved utilization of IMOs to support the emerging market for functional foods and nutraceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayyappan Palaniappan
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
| | - Mohammad Naushad Emmambux
- Department of Consumer and Food Sciences, Faculty of Natural and Agricultural Sciences, University of Pretoria, Pretoria, South Africa
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Synthesis of Isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) from Sweet Potato Starch by Simultaneous Saccharification and Transglycosylation Using Saccharomyces cerevisiae Var. diastaticus BE 134 to Improve Purity of IMOs. J FOOD QUALITY 2021. [DOI: 10.1155/2021/1987219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
This study developed a simple two-step procedure to produce isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) from low-cost sweet potato starch (SPS). Effect of various reaction parameters on the steps of the synthesis process of IMOs was systematically investigated. The results show that Spezyme Xtra enzyme was the most suitable for the liquefaction step. The oligosaccharide components’ contents, including G1–G10 and G2–G6, reached 73.95 ± 0.02% and 49.24 ± 3.19%, respectively, after liquefaction. The simultaneous saccharification and transglycosylation (SST) reaction of SPS followed the liquefaction after the α-amylase activity was deactivated. This reaction was simultaneously treated by β-amylase, pullulanase, and α-transglucosidase. The effect of various reaction parameters, consisting of solution pH, reaction temperature, enzyme dosage, and reaction time, on the SST reaction to synthesize IMOs from SPS was fully studied. The results showed that the highest concentration of IMOs (IG234) reached 68.85 ± 1.82 g/L at the optimal condition. The purification of pristine IMO was performed by adding Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. diastaticus BE 134 yeast cells at the final step of the procedure. In particular, the SST reaction for the synthesis of IMOs from SPS shortened SST reaction time by three times compared with other three-step synthesis procedures of IMOs. These findings show that the SPS-derived IMOs can be applied as a novel and inexpensive prebiotic healthcare product for human gastrointestinal health, dieters, and diabetics.
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Park BR, Park JY, Lee SH, Hong SJ, Jeong JH, Choi JH, Park SY, Park CS, Lee HN, Kim YM. Synthesis of improved long-chain isomaltooligosaccharide, using a novel glucosyltransferase derived from Thermoanaerobacter thermocopriae, with maltodextrin. Enzyme Microb Technol 2021; 147:109788. [PMID: 33992410 DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2021.109788] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2020] [Revised: 03/19/2021] [Accepted: 03/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Isomaltooligosaccharide (IMO), considered to be a prebiotic, reportedly has health effects, particularly in terms of digestion; however, the prebiotic effects of IMOs depend largely on the degree of polymerization. Currently, IMOs are commercially produced using transglucosidase (TG) derived from Aspergillus niger. Here, we report a novel Thermoanaerobacter thermocopriae-derived TG (TtTG) that can produce long-chain IMOs (L-IMOs) using maltodextrin as the main substrate. A putative carbohydrate-binding gene comprising carbohydrate-binding module 35 and glycoside hydrolase family 15 domain was cloned and successfully overexpressed in Escherichia coli BL21 (DE3) cells. The resulting purified recombinant enzyme (TtTG) had a molecular mass of 94 kDa. TtTG displayed an optimal pH of 4.0 (higher than that of commercial TG) and an optimal temperature of 60 °C (same as that of commercial TG). TtTG also enabled the synthesis of oligosaccharides using various saccharides, such as palatinose, kojibiose, sophorose, maltose, cellobiose, isomaltose, gentiobiose, and trehalose, which acted as specific acceptors. TtTG could also produce a medium-sized L-IMO, different from that by dextran-dextrinase and TG, from maltodextrin, as the sole substrate. Thus, the novel combination of maltodextrin and TtTG shows potential as an effective method for commercially producing L-IMOs with improved prebiotic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bo-Ram Park
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea.
| | - Ji Yeong Park
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - So Hee Lee
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Seong-Jin Hong
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji Hye Jeong
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ji-Ho Choi
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Shin-Yong Park
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Chan Soon Park
- Department of Agro-Food Resources, National Institute of Agricultural Sciences, Rural Development Administration, Jeonju, 55365, Republic of Korea
| | - Ha-Nul Lee
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea
| | - Young-Min Kim
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Chonnam National University, Gwangju, 61186, Republic of Korea.
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Dextran degradation by sonoenzymolysis: Degradation rate, molecular weight, mass fraction, and degradation kinetics. Int J Biol Macromol 2020; 169:60-66. [PMID: 33338523 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2020.12.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2020] [Revised: 12/03/2020] [Accepted: 12/11/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
To study dextran degradation by sonoenzymolysis, the degradation rate, the change of molecular weight, the mass fractions of fragments of certain molecular weight, and the degradation kinetics were analyzed and compared with the corresponding parameters under ultrasonic and enzymolysis treatments. The degradation rate improved greatly and the time required to stabilize the rate was shortened compared with ultrasonic treatment, for example, more than 120 min was needed at 4 W/mL for ultrasonic treatment before stabilization with the degradation rate of 77.41%, whereas 80 min was needed for sonoenzymolysis treatment with the degradation rate of 91.44%. A lower molecular weight limit was established (7.15 × 104 Da at 4 W/mL for sonoenzymolysis treatment compared with 19.61 × 104 Da at 4 W/mL for ultrasonic treatment), with decreased time to approach the new limiting molecular weight (80 min compared with more than 120 min). The mass fraction of 104-105 Da fragment increased (61.02% at 4 W/mL for sonoenzymolysis treatment compared with 42.98% at 4 W/mL for ultrasonic treatment) and the dextran degradation kinetics for sonoenzymolysis under lower ultrasonic intensity fitted the Malhotra model well. Sonoenzymolysis treatment at the ultrasonic intensity of 4 W/mL for 80 min resulted in more 104-105 Da fragments in a shorter time. The results indicated that sonoenzymolysis can be applied as an efficient method to obtain clinical dextran.
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Amylase-Producing Maltooligosaccharide Provides Potential Relief in Rats with Loperamide-Induced Constipation. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5470268. [PMID: 32908561 PMCID: PMC7474349 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5470268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2020] [Revised: 07/27/2020] [Accepted: 08/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Constipation is a chronic disease caused by infrequent, inadequate, and difficult bowel movements. The present study aimed to evaluate the potential laxative effect of maltooligosaccharide (MOS) on loperamide-induced constipation in a rat model. In vitro experiments were conducted to evaluate the effect of MOS on the growth of lactic acid bacteria. Moreover, to examine the effect of MOS administration on Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats with loperamide-induced constipation, the drinking water for the rats was supplemented with 10% or 15% of MOS for 14 days, and, thereafter, the improvement in constipation was assessed. For this, the rats were divided into five groups: normal (Nor), loperamide-induced constipated (Con), positive control (15% of dual-oligosaccharide (DuO-15)), 10% MOS treated (MOS-10), and 15% MOS-treated (MOS-15). In an in vitro test, MOS treatment promoted the growth of lactic acid bacteria except Lactobacillus bulgaricus. Treatment with higher MOS dose relieved constipation in rats by improving the fecal pellet and water content. Furthermore, in the high MOS dose group, the cecal short-chain fatty acid levels significantly increased compared to those in the control group (P < 0.001). MOS treatment also improved the mucosal thickness as well as mucin secretion and increased the area of intestinal Cajal cells compared to that in the control group (P < 0.001). These findings suggest that MOS relieves constipation and has beneficial effect on the gastrointestinal tract, and, therefore, it can be used as an ingredient in functional foods for treating constipation or improving intestinal health.
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Vallejo-García LC, Rodríguez-Alegría ME, López Munguía A. Enzymatic Process Yielding a Diversity of Inulin-Type Microbial Fructooligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2019; 67:10392-10400. [PMID: 31461615 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.9b03782] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
The specificity of fructooligosaccharides as prebiotics depends on their size and structure, which in turn depend on their origin or the synthesis procedure. In this work we describe the application of an inulosucrase (IslA) from Leuconostoc citreum CW28 to produce high molecular weight inulin from sucrose alongside a commercial endoinulinase (Novozym 960) produced by Aspergillus niger for a simultaneous or sequential reaction to synthesize fructooligosaccharides (FOS). The simultaneous reaction resulted in a higher substrate conversion and a wide diversity of FOS when compared to the sequential reaction. A shotgun MS analysis of the commercial endoinulinase preparation surprisingly revealed an additional enzymatic activity: a fructosyltransferase, responsible for the synthesis of FOS from sucrose. Consequentially, the range of FOS obtained in reactions combining inulosucrase from Ln. citreum with the fructosyltransferase and endoinulinase from A. niger with sucrose as substrate may be extended and regulated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luz Cristina Vallejo-García
- Departamento de Ingeniería celular y Biocatálisis , Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM , Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa , 62420 Cuernavaca , México
| | - María Elena Rodríguez-Alegría
- Departamento de Ingeniería celular y Biocatálisis , Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM , Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa , 62420 Cuernavaca , México
| | - Agustín López Munguía
- Departamento de Ingeniería celular y Biocatálisis , Instituto de Biotecnología, UNAM , Avenida Universidad 2001, Colonia Chamilpa , 62420 Cuernavaca , México
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Alginate–pectin co-encapsulation of dextransucrase and dextranase for oligosaccharide production from sucrose feedstocks. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2019; 42:1681-1693. [DOI: 10.1007/s00449-019-02164-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2019] [Accepted: 06/24/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Wang Y, Wang Q, Song X, Cai J. Hydrophilic polyethylenimine modified magnetic graphene oxide composite as an efficient support for dextranase immobilization with improved stability and recyclable performance. Biochem Eng J 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bej.2018.10.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
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Miljković MG, Lazić V, Banjanac K, Davidović SZ, Bezbradica DI, Marinković AD, Sredojević D, Nedeljković JM, Dimitrijević Branković SI. Immobilization of dextransucrase on functionalized TiO2 supports. Int J Biol Macromol 2018; 114:1216-1223. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2018.04.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2018] [Revised: 03/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
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16
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Response surface methodology for optimisation of edible coatings based on dextran from Leuconostoc mesenteroides T3. Carbohydr Polym 2018; 184:207-213. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.12.061] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2017] [Revised: 12/19/2017] [Accepted: 12/21/2017] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
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17
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Continuous Production of Isomalto-oligosaccharides by Thermo-inactivated Cells of Aspergillus niger J2 with Coarse Perlite as an Immobilizing Material. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2018; 185:1088-1099. [PMID: 29435830 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-018-2706-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2017] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
The coarse perlite 40-80 mesh was selected as an immobilizing material and put into a packed bed reactor (PBR) to continuously convert maltose to isomalto-oligosaccharides (IMOs). The PBR was prepared by mixing the thermo-inactivated cells (TIC) from Aspergillus niger J2 strain with the coarse perlite, then the mixture was put into an overpressure-resistant column. Compared with diatomite 40-80 mesh and thin perlite 80-120 mesh in PBR, coarse perlite was chosen as the best filtration aid, when the ratio of coarse perlite versus TIC was 1:1. The thermal and pH stability of the free and immobilized TIC and the optimum conditions for the transglycosylation reactions were determined. The results show that approximately 75 and 82% and 87 and 91% of α-glucosidase activity were reserved for free and immobilized TIC at temperatures from 30 to 60 °C and pH from 3.00 to 7.00 for 12 h, respectively. With 30% malt syrup under the conditions of 50 °C and pH 4.00, a mini-scale packed bed reactor (Mi-PBR) and medium-scale packed bed reactor (Me-PBR) could continuously produce IMO over 25 and 34 days with the yield of effective IMO (eIMO) ≥ 35% and total IMO (tIMO) ≥ 50%, respectively. The strategy of mixing the coarse perlite with TIC in PBR is a novel approach to continuously produce IMO and has great application potential in industry.
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Purification and characterization of dextransucrase from Weissella cibaria RBA12 and its application in in vitro synthesis of prebiotic oligosaccharides in mango and pineapple juices. Lebensm Wiss Technol 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.lwt.2017.06.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
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Porras-Domínguez JR, Rodríguez-Alegría ME, Ávila-Fernández Á, Montiel-Salgado S, López-Munguía A. Levan-type fructooligosaccharides synthesis by a levansucrase-endolevanase fusion enzyme (LevB 1SacB). Carbohydr Polym 2017; 177:40-48. [PMID: 28962785 DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2017.08.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/16/2017] [Revised: 07/28/2017] [Accepted: 08/09/2017] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Abstract
We describe here the enzymatic production of levan type-fructooligosaccharides (L-FOS) with a DP from 2 to 10, through simultaneous synthesis and hydrolysis reactions. This was accomplished by LevB1SacB, a new enzyme resulting from the fusion of SacB, a levansucrase from Bacillus subtilis and LevB1, an endolevanase from B. licheniformis. In the fusion enzyme, SacB retains its catalytic behavior with a decrease in kcat from 164 to 108s-1. LevB1 in LevB1SacB kinetic behavior improves considerably reaching saturation with levan and following Michaelis-Menten kinetics, quite differently from the previously reported first order kinetic behavior. We also report that LevB1SacB or both enzymes (LevB1 & SacB) at equimolar concentrations in simultaneous reactions result in an optimal, wide and diverse L-FOS profile, including 6-kestose, levanbiose and blastose among other L-FOS and 1-kestose, which accumulates as by-product of SacB levan synthesis. Yields of around 40% (w/w) were obtained from 600g/l sucrose with either LevB1SacB or LevB1 & SacB. The reaction was successfully scaled up to a stirred 2l bioreactor.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jaime R Porras-Domínguez
- Instituto de Biotecnología UNAM, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | | | - Ángela Ávila-Fernández
- Centro de Investigación, DACS-Universidad Juárez Autónoma de Tabasco, Av. Gregorio Méndez no. 2838-A, Col. Tamulte, CP 86150, Villahermosa, Centro, Tabasco, Mexico
| | - Silvia Montiel-Salgado
- Instituto de Biotecnología UNAM, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico
| | - Agustín López-Munguía
- Instituto de Biotecnología UNAM, Av. Universidad #2001, Col. Chamilpa, C.P. 62210, Cuernavaca, Morelos, Mexico.
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Zhang YQ, Li RH, Zhang HB, Wu M, Hu XQ. Purification, characterization, and application of a thermostable dextranase from Talaromyces pinophilus. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2017; 44:317-327. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-016-1886-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/14/2016] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Abstract
Dextranase can hydrolyze dextran to low-molecular-weight polysaccharides, which have important medical applications. In the study, dextranase-producing strains were screened from various soil sources. The strain H6 was identified as Talaromyces pinophilus by a standard ITS rDNA analysis. Crude dextranase was purified by ammonium sulfate fractionation and Sepharose 6B chromatography, which resulted in a 6.69-fold increase in the specific activity and an 11.27% recovery. The enzyme was 58 kDa, lower than most dextranase, with an optimum temperature of 45 °C and an optimum pH of 6.0, and identified as an endodextranase. It was steady over a pH range from 3.0 to 10.0 and had reasonable thermal stability. The dextranase activity was increased by urea, which enhanced its activity to 115.35% and was conducive to clinical dextran production. Therefore, T. pinophilus H6 dextranase could show its superiority in practical applications.
Graphical Abstract
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Affiliation(s)
- Yu-Qi Zhang
- grid.256896.6 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 230009 Hefei People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruo-Han Li
- grid.256896.6 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 230009 Hefei People’s Republic of China
| | - Hong-Bin Zhang
- grid.256896.6 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 230009 Hefei People’s Republic of China
| | - Min Wu
- grid.256896.6 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 230009 Hefei People’s Republic of China
| | - Xue-Qin Hu
- grid.256896.6 Department of Pharmaceutical Engineering, School of Biological and Medical Engineering Hefei University of Technology 230009 Hefei People’s Republic of China
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21
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Basu A, Mutturi S, Prapulla SG. Production of isomaltooligosaccharides (IMO) using simultaneous saccharification and transglucosylation from starch and sustainable sources. Process Biochem 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2016.06.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Immobilization of Glycoside Hydrolase Families GH1, GH13, and GH70: State of the Art and Perspectives. Molecules 2016; 21:molecules21081074. [PMID: 27548117 PMCID: PMC6274110 DOI: 10.3390/molecules21081074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2016] [Revised: 08/11/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Glycoside hydrolases (GH) are enzymes capable to hydrolyze the glycosidic bond between two carbohydrates or even between a carbohydrate and a non-carbohydrate moiety. Because of the increasing interest for industrial applications of these enzymes, the immobilization of GH has become an important development in order to improve its activity, stability, as well as the possibility of its reuse in batch reactions and in continuous processes. In this review, we focus on the broad aspects of immobilization of enzymes from the specific GH families. A brief introduction on methods of enzyme immobilization is presented, discussing some advantages and drawbacks of this technology. We then review the state of the art of enzyme immobilization of families GH1, GH13, and GH70, with special attention on the enzymes β-glucosidase, α-amylase, cyclodextrin glycosyltransferase, and dextransucrase. In each case, the immobilization protocols are evaluated considering their positive and negative aspects. Finally, the perspectives on new immobilization methods are briefly presented.
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A novel technique to improve the biodegradation efficiency of dextranase enzyme using the synergistic effects of ultrasound combined with microwave shock. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2016. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2016.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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24
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Shi Q, Hou Y, Juvonen M, Tuomainen P, Kajala I, Shukla S, Goyal A, Maaheimo H, Katina K, Tenkanen M. Optimization of Isomaltooligosaccharide Size Distribution by Acceptor Reaction of Weissella confusa Dextransucrase and Characterization of Novel α-(1→2)-Branched Isomaltooligosaccharides. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2016; 64:3276-3286. [PMID: 27050481 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.6b01356] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Long-chain isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) are promising prebiotics. IMOs were produced by a Weissella confusa dextransucrase via maltose acceptor reaction. The inputs of substrates (i.e., sucrose and maltose, 0.15-1 M) and dextransucrase (1-10 U/g sucrose) were used to control IMO yield and profile. According to response surface modeling, 1 M sucrose and 0.5 M maltose were optimal for the synthesis of longer IMOs, whereas the dextransucrase dosage showed no significant effect. In addition to the principal linear IMOs, a homologous series of minor IMOs were also produced from maltose. As identified by MS(n) and NMR spectroscopy, the minor trisaccharide contained an α-(1→2)-linked glucosyl residue on the reducing residue of maltose and thus was α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-[α-d-glucopyranosyl-(1→4)]-d-glucopyranose (centose). The higher members of the series were probably formed by the attachment of a single unit branch to linear IMOs. This is the first report of such α-(1→2)-branched IMOs produced from maltose by a dextransucrase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Shi
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Yaxi Hou
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Minna Juvonen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Päivi Tuomainen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Ilkka Kajala
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. , P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Shraddha Shukla
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Arun Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati , Guwahati 781 039, Assam, India
| | - Hannu Maaheimo
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland Ltd. , P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland
| | - Kati Katina
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
| | - Maija Tenkanen
- Department of Food and Environmental Sciences, University of Helsinki , P.O. Box 27, FI-00014 University of Helsinki, Finland
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Zannini E, Waters DM, Coffey A, Arendt EK. Production, properties, and industrial food application of lactic acid bacteria-derived exopolysaccharides. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2015; 100:1121-1135. [PMID: 26621802 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-015-7172-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 217] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2015] [Revised: 11/08/2015] [Accepted: 11/11/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
Exopolysaccharides (EPS)-producing lactic acid bacteria (LAB) are industrially important microorganisms in the development of functional food products and are used as starter cultures or coadjutants to develop fermented foods. There is large variability in EPS production by LAB in terms of chemical composition, quantity, molecular size, charge, presence of side chains, and rigidity of the molecules. The main body of the review will cover practical aspects concerning the structural diversity structure of EPS, and their concrete application in food industries is reported in details. To strengthen the food application and process feasibility of LAB EPS at industrial level, a future academic research should be combined with industrial input to understand the technical shortfalls that EPS can address.
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Affiliation(s)
- Emanuele Zannini
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Deborah M Waters
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland
| | - Aidan Coffey
- Department of Biological Sciences, Cork Institute of Technology, Bishopstown, Cork, Ireland
| | - Elke K Arendt
- School of Food and Nutritional Sciences, University College Cork, Western Road, Cork, Ireland.
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27
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Jiao Y, Li F, Jiang D, Li W, Chen J. Determination of Isomaltooligosaccharides in Milk Powder by Ultra-High Performance Liquid Chromatography–Tandem Mass Spectrometry. ANAL LETT 2015. [DOI: 10.1080/00032719.2015.1077337] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/22/2022]
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28
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Hashem AM, Gamal AA, Hassan ME, Hassanein NM, Esawy MA. Covalent immobilization of Enterococcus faecalis Esawy dextransucrase and dextran synthesis. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 82:905-12. [PMID: 26434519 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.09.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/04/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Enterococcus faecalis Esawy dextransucrase was immobilized in Fe(3+)-cross-linked alginate/carboxymethyl cellulose (AC) beads. The gel beads were modified with polyethylenimine (PEI) followed by glutaraldehyde (GA) to form Fe(3+) (ACPG) beads. Fe(3+) (ACPG) was characterized using FTIR and DSC techniques. GA activated beads showed new two peaks. The first was at 1,717 cm(-1) which refers to (CO) group of a free aldehyde end of glutaraldehyde, and another peak was at 1,660 cm(-1) referring to (CN) group. The immobilization process improved the optimum temperature from 35 to 45°C. The immobilized enzyme showed its optimum activity in wide pH range (4.5-5.4) compared to pH 5.4 in case of free form. Also, the immobilization process improved the thermal and pH enzyme stability to great extent. Reusability test proved that the enzyme activity retained 60% after 15 batch reactions. Immobilized enzyme was applied successfully in the synthesis of oligosaccharides and different molecular weights of dextran.
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Affiliation(s)
- Amal M Hashem
- Department of Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Amira A Gamal
- Department of Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed E Hassan
- Center of Excellence, Encapsulation & Nanobiotechnology Group, National Research Center, Egypt
| | - Naziha M Hassanein
- Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Science, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mona A Esawy
- Department of Chemistry of Microbial and Natural Products, National Research Centre (NRC), Dokki, Cairo, Egypt.
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29
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Yi L, Sun X, Du K, Ouyang Y, Wu C, Xu N, Linhardt RJ, Zhang Z. UP-HILIC-MS/MS to Determine the Action Pattern of Penicillium sp. Dextranase. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY FOR MASS SPECTROMETRY 2015; 26:1174-1185. [PMID: 25930093 DOI: 10.1007/s13361-015-1117-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 02/24/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
Investigation of the action pattern of enzymes acting on carbohydrates is challenging, as both the substrate and the digestion products are complex mixtures. Dextran and its enzyme-derived oligosaccharides are widely used for many industrial applications. In this work, a new method relying on ultra-performance hydrophilic interaction liquid chromatography quadrupole time-of-flight tandem mass spectrometry (UP-HILIC-Q/TOF-MS/MS) was developed to analyze a complex mixture of dextran oligosaccharide products to determine the action pattern of dextranase. No derivatization of oligosaccharides was required and the impact of the α- and β-configurations of the native oligosaccharides on the chromatographic separation was eliminated. The 1→6, 1→3, 1→4 backbone linkages and the branch linkages of these oligosaccharides were all distinguished from diagnostic ions in their MS/MS spectra, including fragments corresponding to (0,2)A, (0,3)A, (0,4)A, B-H2O, (2,5)A, and (3,5)A. The sequences of the oligosaccharide products were similarly established. Thus, the complex oligosaccharide mixtures in dextran digestion products were profiled and identified using this method. The more enzyme-resistant structures in dextran were established using much less sample, labor, time, and uncertainty than in previous studies. This method provides an efficient, sensitive, and straightforward way to monitor the entire process of digestion, establish the action pattern of the dextranase from Penicillium sp., and to support the proper industrial application of dextranase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Yi
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases and College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Soochow University, Suzhou, Jiangsu, 215021, China
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Zohra RR, Aman A, Ansari A, Haider MS, Qader SAU. Purification, characterization and end product analysis of dextran degrading endodextranase from Bacillus licheniformis KIBGE-IB25. Int J Biol Macromol 2015; 78:243-8. [PMID: 25881960 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2015.04.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2015] [Revised: 03/31/2015] [Accepted: 04/01/2015] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Degradation of high molecular weight dextran for obtaining low molecular weight dextran is based on the hydrolysis using chemical and enzymatic methods. Current research study focused on production, purification and characterization of dextranase from a newly isolated strain of Bacillus licheniformis KIBGE-IB25. Dextranase was purified up to 36 folds with specific activity of 1405 U/mg and molecular weight of 158 kDa. It was found that enzyme performs optimum cleavage of dextran (5000 Da, 0.5%) at 35 °C in 15 min at pH 4.5 with a Km and Vmax of 0.374 mg/ml and 182 μmol/min, respectively. Relative amino acid composition analysis of purified enzyme suggested the presence of higher number of hydrophobic, acidic and glycosylation promoting amino acids. The N-terminal sequence of dextranase KIBGE-IB25 was AYTVTLYLQG. It exhibited distinct amino acid sequence yet shared some inherent characteristics with glycosyl hydrolases (GH) family 49 and also testified the presence of O-glycosylation at N-terminal end.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rashida Rahmat Zohra
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Afsheen Aman
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Asma Ansari
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Samee Haider
- Food & Marine Resource Research Centre, Pakistan Council of Scientific & Industrial Research (PCSIR) Laboratories Complex, Karachi 75280, Pakistan
| | - Shah Ali Ul Qader
- The Karachi Institute of Biotechnology & Genetic Engineering (KIBGE), University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan.
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Kim JK, Shin SY, Moon JS, Li L, Cho SK, Kim TJ, Han NS. Isolation of dextran-hydrolyzing intestinal bacteria and characterization of their dextranolytic activities. Biopolymers 2015; 103:321-7. [DOI: 10.1002/bip.22615] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2014] [Revised: 01/08/2015] [Accepted: 01/21/2015] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jin Kyoung Kim
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences; Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea
| | - So-Yeon Shin
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences; Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Seok Moon
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences; Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea
| | - Ling Li
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences; Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea
| | - Seung Kee Cho
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences; Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea
| | - Tae-Jip Kim
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences; Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea
| | - Nam Soo Han
- Division of Animal, Horticultural, and Food Sciences; Brain Korea 21 Center for Bio-Resource Development, Chungbuk National University; Cheongju 361-763 Republic of Korea
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Seibel J, Jördening HJ, Buchholz K. Extending synthetic routes for oligosaccharides by enzyme, substrate and reaction engineering. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2014; 120:163-93. [PMID: 20182930 DOI: 10.1007/10_2009_54] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
Abstract
The integration of all relevant tools for bioreaction engineering has been a recent challenge. This approach should notably favor the production of oligo- and polysaccharides, which is highly complex due to the requirements of regio- and stereoselectivity. Oligosaccharides (OS) and polysaccharides (PS) have found many interests in the fields of food, pharmaceuticals, and cosmetics due to different specific properties. Food, sweeteners, and food ingredients represent important sectors where OS are used in major amounts. Increasing attention has been devoted to the sophisticated roles of OS and glycosylated compounds, at cell or membrane surfaces, and their function, e.g., in infection and cancer proliferation. The challenge for synthesis is obvious, and convenient approaches using cheap and readily available substrates and enzymes will be discussed. We report on new routes for the synthesis of oligosaccharides (OS), with emphasis on enzymatic reactions, since they offer unique properties, proceeding highly regio- and stereoselective in water solution, and providing for high yields in general.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jürgen Seibel
- Institute of Organic Chemistry, University of Würzburg, Am Hubland, 97074, Würzburg, Germany,
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Synthesis of fructooligosaccharides and oligolevans by the combined use of levansucrase and endo-inulinase in one-step bi-enzymatic system. INNOV FOOD SCI EMERG 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ifset.2013.12.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
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Bashari M, Abdelhai MH, Abbas S, Eibaid A, Xu X, Jin Z. Effect of ultrasound and high hydrostatic pressure (US/HHP) on the degradation of dextran catalyzed by dextranase. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2014; 21:76-83. [PMID: 23751456 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2013.04.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/30/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
In our current research work, the effect of combination of ultrasonic irradiation and high hydrostatic pressure (US/HHP) on the enzymatic activity and enzymatic hydrolysis kinetic parameters of dextran catalytic by dextranase were investigated. Furthermore, the effects of US/HHP on the structure of dextranase were also discussed with the aid of fluorescence spectroscopy and circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy. The maximum hydrolysis of dextran was observed under US (40 W at 25 kHz for 15 min) combined with HHP (400 MPa for 25 min), in which the hydrolysis of dextran increased by 163.79% compared with the routine thermal incubation at 50 °C. Results also showed that, Vmax and KM values, as well as, kcat of dextranase under US/HHP treatment were higher than that under US, HHP and thermal incubation at 50 °C, indicated that, the substrate is converted into the product at an increased rate when compared with the incubation at 50 °C. Compared to the enzymatic reaction under US, HHP, and routine thermal incubation, dextranase enzymatic reaction under US/HHP treatment showed decreases in Ea, ΔG and ΔH, however small increase in ΔS value was observed. In addition, fluorescence and CD spectra reflected that US/HHP treatment had increased the number of tryptophan on dextranase surface with increased α-helix by 19.80% and reduced random coil by 6.94% upon US/HHP-treated dextranase protein compared to the control, which were helpful for the improvement of its activity. These results indicated that, the combination of US and HHP treatments could be an effective method for improving the hydrolysis of dextran in many industrial applications including sugar manufacturing processes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Bashari
- State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China; Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Engineering and Technology, University of Gezira, P.O. Box 20, Wad Madani, Sudan.
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Semyonov D, Ramon O, Shoham Y, Shimoni E. Enzymatically synthesized dextran nanoparticles and their use as carriers for nutraceuticals. Food Funct 2014; 5:2463-74. [DOI: 10.1039/c4fo00103f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
This study evaluated the use of enzymatically synthesized dextran nanoparticles to entrap a hydrophobic nutraceutical, the isoflavone genistein.
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Affiliation(s)
- David Semyonov
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Ory Ramon
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Yuval Shoham
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000, Israel
| | - Eyal Shimoni
- Faculty of Biotechnology and Food Engineering
- Technion – Israel Institute of Technology
- Haifa 32000, Israel
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Bashari M, Lagnika C, Ocen D, Chen H, Wang J, Xu X, Jin Z. Separation and characterization of dextran extracted from deteriorated sugarcane. Int J Biol Macromol 2013; 59:246-54. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2013.04.046] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2013] [Revised: 04/06/2013] [Accepted: 04/13/2013] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Bashari M, Wang P, Eibaid A, Tian Y, Xu X, Jin Z. Ultrasound-assisted dextranase entrapment onto Ca-alginate gel beads. ULTRASONICS SONOCHEMISTRY 2013; 20:1008-1016. [PMID: 23332458 DOI: 10.1016/j.ultsonch.2012.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2012] [Revised: 11/21/2012] [Accepted: 11/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
In this research work, dextranase has immobilized onto calcium alginate beads using a novel ultrasound method. The process of immobilization of the enzyme was carried out in a one-step ultrasound process. Effects of ultrasound conditions on loading efficiency and immobilization yield of the enzyme onto calcium alginate beads were investigated. Furthermore, the activity of the free and immobilized enzymes prepared with and without ultrasound treatment, as a function of pH, temperature, recyclability and enzyme kinetic parameters, was compared. The maximum loading efficiency and the immobilization yield were observed when the immobilized dextranase was prepared with an ultrasonic irradiation at 25 kHz, 40 W for 15 min, under which the loading efficiency and the immobilization yield increased by 27.21% and 18.77%, respectively, compared with the immobilized enzymes prepared without ultrasonic irradiation. On the other hand, immobilized enzyme prepared with ultrasonic irradiation showed Vmax and KM value higher than that for the immobilized enzyme prepared without ultrasonic irradiation, likewise, both the catalytic and specificity constants of immobilized enzyme prepared with ultrasonic irradiation were higher than that for immobilized enzyme prepared without ultrasound, indicating that, this new ultrasonic method improved the catalytic kinetics activity of immobilized dextranase at all the reaction conditions studied. Compared with immobilized enzyme prepared without ultrasound treatment, the immobilized enzymes prepared with ultrasound irradiation exhibited: a higher pH optimum, optimal reaction temperature, activation energy, and thermal stability, as well as, a higher recyclability, which, illustrating the effectiveness of the sonochemical method. To the best of our knowledge, this is the first report on the effect of ultrasound treatments on the immobilization of dextranase.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohanad Bashari
- The State Key Laboratory of Food Science and Technology, School of Food Science and Technology, Jiangnan University, 1800 Lihu Road, Wuxi 214122, China.
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Rudeekulthamrong P, Sawasdee K, Kaulpiboon J. Production of long-chain isomaltooligosaccharides from maltotriose using the thermostable amylomaltase and transglucosidase enzymes. BIOTECHNOL BIOPROC E 2013. [DOI: 10.1007/s12257-012-0777-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Parlak M, Ustek D, Tanriseven A. A novel method for covalent immobilization of dextransucrase. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molcatb.2012.12.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chockchaisawasdee S, Poosaran N. Production of isomaltooligosaccharides from banana flour. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2013; 93:180-186. [PMID: 22689251 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.5747] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2011] [Revised: 12/29/2011] [Accepted: 04/28/2012] [Indexed: 06/01/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Banana is one of the important crops native to tropical Southeast Asia. Since overproduction frequently leads to excessive waste of produce, alternative uses are continuously sought in order to utilise fruits at all stages of maturity. The aim of this study was to investigate the production of isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs) from banana flour. RESULTS Banana slurries liquefied by Termamyl SC and saccharified by either Fungamyl 800 L or barley β-amylase were used for IMO synthesis by Transglucosidase L. After 12 h of transglucosylation, maximum IMO yields of 76.67 ± 2.71 and 70.74 ± 4.09 g L(-1) respectively were achieved. Although the yields were comparable, the IMO profiles obtained through the use of the two saccharification enzymes were different. Glucose and maltose were removed by 10 g L(-1) bakers' yeast fermentation for 12 h. Regarding total sugars, the final IMO mixture was composed of 53% isomaltotriose, 21% isomaltotetraose and 26% maltooligoheptaose and larger oligomers. CONCLUSION Banana flour could be used as a potential raw material for IMO synthesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suwimol Chockchaisawasdee
- Department of Applied Sciences, Faculty of Science and Technology, Loei Rajabhat University, Loei 42000, Thailand
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Mao X, Wang S, Kan F, Wei D, Li F. A Novel Dextran Dextrinase from Gluconobacter oxydans DSM-2003: Purification and Properties. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2012; 168:1256-64. [DOI: 10.1007/s12010-012-9854-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2012] [Accepted: 08/20/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Zou Q, Pu Y, Han Z, Fu N, Li S, Liu M, Huang L, Lu A, Mo J, Chen S. Ultrasonic degradation of aqueous dextran: Effect of initial molecular weight and concentration. Carbohydr Polym 2012; 90:447-51. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2012.05.064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2012] [Revised: 05/12/2012] [Accepted: 05/19/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Patel S, Majumder A, Goyal A. Potentials of exopolysaccharides from lactic Acid bacteria. Indian J Microbiol 2012; 52:3-12. [PMID: 23449986 PMCID: PMC3298600 DOI: 10.1007/s12088-011-0148-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 149] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2009] [Accepted: 11/04/2009] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Recent research in the area of importance of microbes has revealed the immense industrial potential of exopolysaccharides and their derivative oligosaccharides from lactic acid bacteria. However, due to lack of adequate technological knowledge, the exopolysaccharides have remained largely under exploited. In the present review, the enormous potentials of different types of exopolysaccharides from lactic acid bacteria are described. This also summarizes the recent advances in the applications of exopolysaccharides, certain problems associated with their commercial production and the remedies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Seema Patel
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039 Assam India
| | - Avishek Majumder
- Department of System Biology, Technical University of Denmark, Building 224, DK-2800 Kgs., Lyngby, Denmark
| | - Arun Goyal
- Department of Biotechnology, Indian Institute of Technology Guwahati, Guwahati, 781 039 Assam India
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Wu DT, Zhang HB, Huang LJ, Hu XQ. Purification and characterization of extracellular dextranase from a novel producer, Hypocrea lixii F1002, and its use in oligodextran production. Process Biochem 2011. [DOI: 10.1016/j.procbio.2011.06.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Goffin D, Delzenne N, Blecker C, Hanon E, Deroanne C, Paquot M. Will isomalto-oligosaccharides, a well-established functional food in Asia, break through the European and American market? The status of knowledge on these prebiotics. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2011; 51:394-409. [PMID: 21491266 DOI: 10.1080/10408391003628955] [Citation(s) in RCA: 87] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
This critical review article presents the current state of knowledge on isomalto-oligosaccharides, some well known functional oligosaccharides in Asia, to evaluate their potential as emergent prebiotics in the American and European functional food market. It includes first a unique inventory of the different families of compounds which have been considered as IMOs and their specific structure. A description has been given of the different production methods including the involved enzymes and their specific activities, the substrates, and the types of IMOs produced. Considering the structural complexity of IMO products, specific characterization methods are described, as well as purification methods which enable the body to get rid of digestible oligosaccharides. Finally, an extensive review of their techno-functional and nutritional properties enables placing IMOs inside the growing prebiotic market. This review is of particular interest considering that IMO commercialization in America and Europe is a topical subject due to the recent submission by Bioneutra Inc. (Canada) of a novel food file to the UK Food Standards Agency, as well as several patents for IMO production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorothee Goffin
- Department of Industrial Biological Chemistry, University of Liege - Gembloux Agro-Bio Tech, Passage des D´eport´es, 2, B-5030 Gembloux, Belgium.
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Wang S, Mao X, Wang H, Lin J, Li F, Wei D. Characterization of a novel dextran produced by Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2003. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2011; 91:287-94. [PMID: 21499762 DOI: 10.1007/s00253-011-3267-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2010] [Revised: 03/15/2011] [Accepted: 03/15/2011] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
A novel water-soluble dextran was synthesized from maltodextrin by cell-free extract of Gluconobacter oxydans DSM 2003. The dextran was purified by size exclusion chromatography, and the structure was determined by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy, nuclear magnetic resonance, and gas chromatography-mass spectrometer. Based on the spectral data, we found that the dextran contained only D-glucose residues. The ratio of nonreducing end glucopyranosyl (Glcp) to 6-linked Glcp to 4,6-linked Glcp was estimated to be 8.62:78.79:12.59 by methylation analysis. This result indicated the existence of a small proportion of α(1,4) branches in α(1,6) glucosyl linear chains. Here, we reported the first time a novel dextran was synthesized by G. oxydans DSM 2003.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shu Wang
- Qingdao Institute of Bioenergy and Bioprocess Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266101, China
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Zhang L, Su Y, Zheng Y, Jiang Z, Shi J, Zhu Y, Jiang Y. Sandwich-structured enzyme membrane reactor for efficient conversion of maltose into isomaltooligosaccharides. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2010; 101:9144-9149. [PMID: 20655202 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.07.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2010] [Revised: 07/01/2010] [Accepted: 07/01/2010] [Indexed: 05/29/2023]
Abstract
A novel enzyme membrane reactor with sandwich structure has been developed by confining glucosidase between two sheets of ultrafiltration membranes to effectively convert maltose to isomaltooligosaccharides (IMOs). The hydrophilic ultrafiltration membranes, which were prepared by phase inversion method using PES as bulk polymer and Pluronic F127 as both surface modification and pore formation agent, exhibited the desirable enzyme adsorption-resistant property. The scanning electron microscopy (SEM) photographs showed that two sheets of PES/Pluronic F127 membranes were packed tightly and glucosidase was kept in a free state within a nanoscale space. When the weight ratio of Pluronic F127 to PES was 30%, glucosidase could be completely rejected by the membranes. Due to the sandwich structuring of the membrane reactor and the high hydrophilicity of the PES/Pluronic F127 membrane surface, maltose conversion and yield reached 100% and 58% under the optimum experimental conditions (pH 6.0, 50 degrees C), respectively.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Green Technology of Ministry of Education, School of Chemical Engineering and Technology, Tianjin University, Tianjin 300072, PR China
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