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Ajala EO, Ighalo JO, Ajala MA, Adeniyi AG, Ayanshola AM. Sugarcane bagasse: a biomass sufficiently applied for improving global energy, environment and economic sustainability. BIORESOUR BIOPROCESS 2021; 8:87. [PMID: 38650274 PMCID: PMC10991612 DOI: 10.1186/s40643-021-00440-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2021] [Accepted: 08/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Sugarcane (Saccharum officinarum) bagasse (SCB) is a biomass of agricultural waste obtained from sugarcane processing that has been found in abundance globally. Due to its abundance in nature, researchers have been harnessing this biomass for numerous applications such as in energy and environmental sustainability. However, before it could be optimally utilised, it has to be pre-treated using available methods. Different pre-treatment methods were reviewed for SCB, both alkaline and alkali-acid process reveal efficient and successful approaches for obtaining higher glucose production from hydrolysis. Procedures for hydrolysis were evaluated, and results indicate that pre-treated SCB was susceptible to acid and enzymatic hydrolysis as > 80% glucose yield was obtained in both cases. The SCB could achieve a bio-ethanol (a biofuel) yield of > 0.2 g/g at optimal conditions and xylitol (a bio-product) yield at > 0.4 g/g in most cases. Thermochemical processing of SCB also gave excellent biofuel yields. The plethora of products obtained in this regard have been catalogued and elucidated extensively. As found in this study, the SCB could be used in diverse applications such as adsorbent, ion exchange resin, briquettes, ceramics, concrete, cement and polymer composites. Consequently, the SCB is a biomass with great potential to meet global energy demand and encourage environmental sustainability.
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Affiliation(s)
- E O Ajala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
- Unilorin Sugar Research Institute, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria.
| | - J O Ighalo
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
| | - M A Ajala
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A G Adeniyi
- Department of Chemical Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
| | - A M Ayanshola
- Department of Water Resources and Environmental Engineering, University of Ilorin, Ilorin, Nigeria
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Mass and Heat Integration in Ethanol Production Mills for Enhanced Process Efficiency and Exergy-Based Renewability Performance. Processes (Basel) 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/pr7100670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
This paper presents the process design and assessment of a sugarcane-based ethanol production system that combines the usage of both mass and heat integration (pinch analysis) strategies to enhance the process efficiency and renewability performance. Three configurations were analyzed: (i) Base case: traditional ethanol production (1G); (ii) mass-integrated (1G2G); and (iii) mass and heat-integrated system (1G2G-HI). The overall assessment of these systems was based on complementary approaches such as mass and mass–heat integration, energy and exergy analysis, exergy-based greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions, and renewability exergy criteria. The performances of the three cases were assessed through five key performance indicators (KIPs) divided into two groups: one is related to process performance, namely, energy efficiency, exergy efficiency, and average unitary exergy cost (AUEC), and the other one is associated to environmental performance i.e., exergy-based CO2-equation emissions and renewability exergy index. Results showed a higher exergy efficiency of 50% and the lowest AUEC of all the systems (1.61 kJ/kJ) for 1G2G-HI. Furthermore, the destroyed exergy in 1G2G-HI was lower by 7% and 9% in comparison to the 1G and 1G2G cases, respectively. Regarding the exergy-based GHG emissions and renewability performance (λindex), the 1G2G-HI case presented the lowest impacts in terms of the CO2-equivalent emissions (94.10 gCO2-eq/MJ products), while λindex was found to be environmentally unfavorable (λ = 0.77). However, λindex became favorable (λ > 1) when the useful exergy of the byproducts was considered.
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de Souza PK, Souza O, Sellin N, Marangoni C. Evaluation of Second-Generation Ethanol Production from Mixtures of Banana Pseudostem, Peel and Rejected Fruit Using Aspen Hysys Simulation. Ind Biotechnol (New Rochelle N Y) 2019. [DOI: 10.1089/ind.2018.0040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
| | - Ozair Souza
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Joinville Region, Joinville, Brazil
| | - Noeli Sellin
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Joinville Region, Joinville, Brazil
| | - Cintia Marangoni
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil
- Department of Textile Engineering, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Blumenau, Brazil
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Mokomele T, da Costa Sousa L, Balan V, van Rensburg E, Dale BE, Görgens JF. Ethanol production potential from AFEX™ and steam-exploded sugarcane residues for sugarcane biorefineries. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2018; 11:127. [PMID: 29755586 PMCID: PMC5934847 DOI: 10.1186/s13068-018-1130-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2018] [Accepted: 04/25/2018] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Expanding biofuel markets are challenged by the need to meet future biofuel demands and mitigate greenhouse gas emissions, while using domestically available feedstock sustainably. In the context of the sugar industry, exploiting under-utilized cane leaf matter (CLM) in addition to surplus sugarcane bagasse as supplementary feedstock for second-generation ethanol production has the potential to improve bioenergy yields per unit land. In this study, the ethanol yields and processing bottlenecks of ammonia fibre expansion (AFEX™) and steam explosion (StEx) as adopted technologies for pretreating sugarcane bagasse and CLM were experimentally measured and compared for the first time. RESULTS Ethanol yields between 249 and 256 kg Mg-1 raw dry biomass (RDM) were obtained with AFEX™-pretreated sugarcane bagasse and CLM after high solids loading enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation. In contrast, StEx-pretreated sugarcane bagasse and CLM resulted in substantially lower ethanol yields that ranged between 162 and 203 kg Mg-1 RDM. The ethanol yields from StEx-treated sugarcane residues were limited by the aggregated effect of sugar degradation during pretreatment, enzyme inhibition during enzymatic hydrolysis and microbial inhibition of S. cerevisiae 424A (LNH-ST) during fermentation. However, relatively high enzyme dosages (> 20 mg g-1 glucan) were required irrespective of pretreatment method to reach 75% carbohydrate conversion, even when optimal combinations of Cellic® CTec3, Cellic® HTec3 and Pectinex Ultra-SP were used. Ethanol yields per hectare sugarcane cultivation area were estimated at 4496 and 3416 L ha-1 for biorefineries using AFEX™- or StEx-treated sugarcane residues, respectively. CONCLUSIONS AFEX™ proved to be a more effective pretreatment method for sugarcane residues relative to StEx due to the higher fermentable sugar recovery and enzymatic hydrolysate fermentability after high solids loading enzymatic hydrolysis and fermentation by S. cerevisiae 424A (LNH-ST). The identification of auxiliary enzyme activities, adequate process integration and the use of robust xylose-fermenting ethanologens were identified as opportunities to further improve ethanol yields from AFEX™- and StEx-treated sugarcane residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thapelo Mokomele
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
| | - Leonardo da Costa Sousa
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Venkatesh Balan
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- Department of Engineering Technology, Biotechnology Program, School of Technology, University of Houston, 4800 Calhoun, Road, Houston, TX 77004 USA
| | - Eugéne van Rensburg
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa
| | - Bruce E. Dale
- Biomass Conversion Research Laboratory, Department of Chemical Engineering and Materials Science, Michigan State University, East Lansing, USA
- Great Lakes Bioenergy Research Center (GLBRC), Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI USA
| | - Johann F. Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, Stellenbosch University, Private Bag X1 Matieland, Stellenbosch, South Africa
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Wu ZY, Yang J, Liu YH, Wang YZ, Zhang WX, Deng Y. Optimizing Semisimultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation for Ethanol Production from Chinese Distiller's Spent Grains. JOURNAL OF THE AMERICAN SOCIETY OF BREWING CHEMISTS 2018. [DOI: 10.1094/asbcj-2015-0407-01] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Zheng-Yun Wu
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Jian Yang
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yue-Hong Liu
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yin-Zhao Wang
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Wen-Xue Zhang
- Department of Food Engineering, College of Light Industry, Textile and Food Engineering, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610065, China
| | - Yu Deng
- Biogas Institute of Ministry of Agriculture, Chengdu 610041, China
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Chang CW, Webb C. Production of a generic microbial feedstock for lignocellulose biorefineries through sequential bioprocessing. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 227:35-43. [PMID: 28013134 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.12.055] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2016] [Revised: 12/14/2016] [Accepted: 12/15/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Lignocellulosic materials, mostly from agricultural and forestry residues, provide a potential renewable resource for sustainable biorefineries. Reducing sugars can be produced only after a pre-treatment stage, which normally involves chemicals but can be biological. In this case, two steps are usually necessary: solid-state cultivation of fungi for deconstruction, followed by enzymatic hydrolysis using cellulolytic enzymes. In this research, the utilisation of solid-state bioprocessing using the fungus Trichoderma longibrachiatum was implemented as a simultaneous microbial pretreatment and in-situ enzyme production method for fungal autolysis and further enzyme hydrolysis of fermented solids. Suspending the fermented solids in water at 50°C led to the highest hydrolysis yields of 226mg/g reducing sugar and 7.7mg/g free amino nitrogen (FAN). The resultant feedstock was shown to be suitable for the production of various products including ethanol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chen-Wei Chang
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom
| | - Colin Webb
- School of Chemical Engineering and Analytical Science, The University of Manchester, Oxford Road, Manchester M13 9PL, United Kingdom.
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7
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Cassells B, Karhumaa K, Sànchez I Nogué V, Lidén G. Hybrid SSF/SHF Processing of SO 2 Pretreated Wheat Straw-Tuning Co-fermentation by Yeast Inoculum Size and Hydrolysis Time. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2017; 181:536-547. [PMID: 27631121 PMCID: PMC5285423 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-016-2229-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2016] [Accepted: 08/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Wheat straw is one of the main agricultural residues of interest for bioethanol production. This work examines conversion of steam-pretreated wheat straw (using SO2 as a catalyst) in a hybrid process consisting of a short enzymatic prehydrolysis step and a subsequent simultaneous saccharification and fermentation (SSF) step with a xylose-fermenting strain of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. A successful process requires a balanced design of reaction time and temperature in the prehydrolysis step and yeast inoculum size and temperature in the SSF step. The pretreated material obtained after steam pretreatment at 210 °C for 5 min using 2.5 % SO2 (based on moisture content) showed a very good enzymatic digestibility at 45 °C but clearly lower at 30 °C. Furthermore, the pretreatment liquid was found to be rather inhibitory to the yeast, partly due to a furfural content of more than 3 g/L. The effect of varying the yeast inoculum size in this medium was assessed, and at a yeast inoculum size of 4 g/L, a complete conversion of glucose and a 90 % conversion of xylose were obtained within 50 h. An ethanol yield (based on the glucan and xylan in the pretreated material) of 0.39 g/g was achieved for a process with this yeast inoculum size in a hybrid process (10 % water-insoluble solid (WIS)) with 4 h prehydrolysis time and a total process time of 96 h. The obtained xylose conversion was 95 %. A longer prehydrolysis time or a lower yeast inoculum size resulted in incomplete xylose conversion.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Cassells
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, SE, Sweden
- Novozymes A/S, Krogshoejvej 36, 2880, Bagsvaerd, SE, Denmark
| | - K Karhumaa
- C5 Ligno Technologies in Lund AB, P.O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, SE, Sweden
- Hansa Medical AB, P.O. Box 785, -220 07, Lund, SE, Sweden
| | - V Sànchez I Nogué
- C5 Ligno Technologies in Lund AB, P.O. Box 124, 221 00, Lund, SE, Sweden
- National Bioenergy Center, National Renewable Energy Laboratory, 15013 Denver West Parkway, Golden, CO, 80401, USA
| | - G Lidén
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, Box 124, 221 00, Lund, SE, Sweden.
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Ali Mandegari M, Farzad S, Görgens JF. Economic and environmental assessment of cellulosic ethanol production scenarios annexed to a typical sugar mill. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2017; 224:314-326. [PMID: 27816352 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.10.074] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 10/20/2016] [Accepted: 10/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this work different biorefinery scenarios were investigated, concerning the co-production of bioethanol and electricity from available lignocellulose at a typical sugar mill, as possible extensions to the current combustion of bagasse for steam and electricity production and burning trash on-filed. In scenario 1, the whole bagasse and brown leaves is utilized in a biorefinery and coal is burnt in the existing inefficient sugar mill boiler. Scenario 2 & 3 are assumed with a new centralized CHP unit without/with coal co-combustion, respectively. Also, through scenarios 4 & 5, the effect of water insoluble loading were studied. All scenarios provided energy for the sugarmill and the ethanol plant, with the export of surplus electricity. Economic analysis determined that scenario 1 was the most viable scenario due to less capital cost and economies-of scale. Based on Life Cycle Assessment (LCA) results, scenario 2 outperformed the other scenarios, while three scenarios showed lower contribution to environmental burdens than the current situation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohsen Ali Mandegari
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
| | - Somayeh Farzad
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Johann F Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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9
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Verardi A, Blasi A, De Bari I, Calabrò V. Steam pretreatment of Saccharum officinarum L. bagasse by adding of impregnating agents for advanced bioethanol production. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2016; 134:293-300. [PMID: 26314609 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2015.07.034] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/19/2015] [Revised: 07/14/2015] [Accepted: 07/28/2015] [Indexed: 06/04/2023]
Abstract
The main byproduct of the sugarcane industry, Saccharum officinarum L. bagasse (sugarcane bagasse, SCB), is widely used as lignocellulose biomass for bio-ethanol (EtOH) production. In this research study, SCB was pretreated by steam explosion (SE) method using two different impregnating agents: sulfur dioxide (SD) and hydrogen peroxide (HP). As matter of fact, the use of impregnating agents improves the performance of SE method, increasing the concentrations of fermentable sugars after enzymatic saccharification, and decreasing the inhibitor compounds produced during the steam pretreatment step. The aim of this study was to investigate and compare the use of the two impregnating agents in various SE-conditions in order to optimize pretreatment parameters. For every pretreatment condition, it has been evaluated: concentration of fermentable sugars, glucose and xylose yields, and the effects of the inhibitor compounds on enzymatic hydrolysis step. The obtained results allow to improve the efficiency of the whole process of bio-EtOH synthesis enhancing the amount of fermentable sugars produced and the eco-sustainability of the whole process. Indeed, the optimization of steam pretreatment leads to a reduction of energy requirements and to a lower environmental impact.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Verardi
- Department of Computer Engineering, Modeling, Electronics, and Systems Science (DIMES), University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy
| | - A Blasi
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, S.S. 106 Ionica, km 419+500, 75026 Rotondella, MT, Italy
| | - I De Bari
- ENEA, Italian National Agency for New Technologies, Energy and Sustainable Economic Development, S.S. 106 Ionica, km 419+500, 75026 Rotondella, MT, Italy
| | - V Calabrò
- Department of Computer Engineering, Modeling, Electronics, and Systems Science (DIMES), University of Calabria, via P. Bucci, 87036 Arcavacata di Rende, CS, Italy.
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Chiarello LM, Ramos CEA, Neves PV, Ramos LP. Production of cellulosic ethanol from steam-exploded Eucalyptus urograndis and sugarcane bagasse at high total solids and low enzyme loadings. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2016. [DOI: 10.1186/s40508-016-0059-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
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11
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Diederichs GW, Ali Mandegari M, Farzad S, Görgens JF. Techno-economic comparison of biojet fuel production from lignocellulose, vegetable oil and sugar cane juice. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 216:331-9. [PMID: 27259188 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2016] [Revised: 05/20/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
In this study, a techno-economic comparison was performed considering three processes (thermochemical, biochemical and hybrid) for production of jet fuel from lignocellulosic biomass (2G) versus two processes from first generation (1G) feedstocks, including vegetable oil and sugar cane juice. Mass and energy balances were constructed for energy self-sufficient versions of these processes, not utilising any fossil energy sources, using ASPEN Plus® simulations. All of the investigated processes obtained base minimum jet selling prices (MJSP) that is substantially higher than the market jet fuel price (2-4 fold). The 1G process which converts vegetable oil, obtained the lowest MJSPs of $2.22/kg jet fuel while the two most promising 2G processes- the thermochemical (gasification and Fischer-Tropsch synthesis) and hybrid (gasification and biochemical upgrading) processes- reached MJSPs of $2.44/kg and $2.50/kg jet fuel, respectively. According to the economic sensitivity analysis, the feedstock cost and fixed capital investment have the most influence on the MJSP.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Wilhelm Diederichs
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Mohsen Ali Mandegari
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa.
| | - Somayeh Farzad
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
| | - Johann F Görgens
- Department of Process Engineering, University of Stellenbosch, Private Bag X1, Matieland, 7602, South Africa
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12
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Bi S, Peng L, Chen K, Zhu Z. Enhanced enzymatic saccharification of sugarcane bagasse pretreated by combining O2 and NaOH. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2016; 214:692-699. [PMID: 27208740 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2016.05.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2016] [Revised: 05/10/2016] [Accepted: 05/12/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse pretreated by combining O2 and NaOH with different variables was conducted to improve its enzymatic digestibility and sugar recovery, and the results were compared with sole NaOH pretreatment. Lignin removal for O2-NaOH pretreatment was around 10% higher than that for sole NaOH pretreatment under the same conditions, and O2-NaOH pretreatment resulted in higher glucan recovery in the solid remain. Subsequently, O2-NaOH pretreated sugarcane bagasse presented more efficient enzymatic digestibility than sole NaOH pretreatment. Under the moderate pretreatment conditions of combining 1% NaOH and 0.5MPa O2 at 80°C for 120min, a high glucan conversion of 95% was achieved after 48h enzymatic hydrolysis. Coupled with the operations of pretreatment and enzymatic hydrolysis, an admirable total sugar recovery of 89% (glucose recovery of 93% and xylose recovery of 84%) was obtained. The susceptibility of the substrates to enzymatic digestibility was explained by their physical and chemical characteristics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuaizhu Bi
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Lincai Peng
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China.
| | - Keli Chen
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
| | - Zhengliang Zhu
- Faculty of Chemical Engineering, Kunming University of Science and Technology, Kunming 650500, Yunnan, China
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13
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Paixão SM, Ladeira SA, Silva TP, Arez BF, Roseiro JC, Martins MLL, Alves L. Sugarcane bagasse delignification with potassium hydroxide for enhanced enzymatic hydrolysis. RSC Adv 2016. [DOI: 10.1039/c5ra14908h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Alkali pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse biomass was shown to be effective for producing sugar-rich hydrolysates for biotechnological applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- S. M. Paixão
- LNEG – Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, IP
- Unidade de Bioenergia
- 1649-038 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - S. A. Ladeira
- UENF – Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
- LTA-CCTA
- RJ
- Brazil
| | - T. P. Silva
- LNEG – Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, IP
- Unidade de Bioenergia
- 1649-038 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - B. F. Arez
- LNEG – Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, IP
- Unidade de Bioenergia
- 1649-038 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - J. C. Roseiro
- LNEG – Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, IP
- Unidade de Bioenergia
- 1649-038 Lisboa
- Portugal
| | - M. L. L. Martins
- UENF – Universidade Estadual do Norte Fluminense Darcy Ribeiro
- LTA-CCTA
- RJ
- Brazil
| | - L. Alves
- LNEG – Laboratório Nacional de Energia e Geologia, IP
- Unidade de Bioenergia
- 1649-038 Lisboa
- Portugal
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14
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Chandra RP, Arantes V, Saddler J. Steam pretreatment of agricultural residues facilitates hemicellulose recovery while enhancing enzyme accessibility to cellulose. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2015; 185:302-7. [PMID: 25780906 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2015.02.106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2015] [Revised: 02/25/2015] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 05/11/2023]
Abstract
The origins of lignocellulosic biomass and the pretreatment used to enhance enzyme accessibility to the cellulosic component are known to be strongly influenced by various substrate characteristics. To assess the impact that fibre properties might have on enzymatic hydrolysis, seven agricultural residues were characterised before and after steam pretreatment using a single pretreatment condition (190°C, 5min, 3% SO2) previously shown to enhance fractionation and hydrolysis of the cellulosic component of corn stover. When the fibre length, width and coarseness, viscosity, water retention value and cellulose crystallinity were monitored, no clear correlation was observed between any single substrate characteristic and the substrate's ease of enzymatic hydrolysis. However, the amount of hemicellulose that was solubilised during pretreatment correlated (r(2)=0.98) with the effectiveness of enzyme hydrolysis of each pretreated substrate. Simons's staining, to measure the cellulose accessibility, showed good correlation (r(2)=0.83) with hemicellulose removal and the extent of enzymatic hydrolysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard P Chandra
- Forest Products Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, University of British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry, British Columbia, Canada
| | - Valdeir Arantes
- Lorena School of Engineering, University of São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Jack Saddler
- Forest Products Biotechnology/Bioenergy Group, University of British Columbia, Faculty of Forestry, British Columbia, Canada.
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15
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Reactors for High Solid Loading Pretreatment of Lignocellulosic Biomass. ADVANCES IN BIOCHEMICAL ENGINEERING/BIOTECHNOLOGY 2015; 152:75-90. [PMID: 25757450 DOI: 10.1007/10_2015_307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The review summarized the types, the geometry, and the design principle of pretreatment reactors at high solid loading of lignocellulose material. Among the reactors used, the explosion reactors and the helical stirring reactors are to be considered as the practical form for high solids loading pretreatment operation; the comminution reactors and the extruder reactors are difficult to be used as an independent unit, but possible to be used in the combined form with other types of reactors. The principles of the pretreatment reactor design at high solid loading were discussed and several basic principles for the design were proposed. This review provided useful information for choosing the reactor types and designing the geometry of pretreatment operation at the high solids loading.
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Albarelli JQ, Mian A, Santos DT, Ensinas AV, Maréchal F, Meireles MAA. Valorization of sugarcane biorefinery residues using supercritical water gasification: A case study and perspectives. J Supercrit Fluids 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.supflu.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
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17
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Szczerbowski D, Pitarelo AP, Zandoná Filho A, Ramos LP. Sugarcane biomass for biorefineries: Comparative composition of carbohydrate and non-carbohydrate components of bagasse and straw. Carbohydr Polym 2014; 114:95-101. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2014.07.052] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2014] [Revised: 07/07/2014] [Accepted: 07/18/2014] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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18
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Hude MP, Yadav GD. Process intensification in methane generation during anaerobic digestion of Napier grass using supercritical carbon dioxide combined with acid hydrolysis pre-treatment. CAN J CHEM ENG 2014. [DOI: 10.1002/cjce.22080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Moreshwar P. Hude
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Matunga Mumbai 400 019 India
| | - Ganapati D. Yadav
- Department of Chemical Engineering; Institute of Chemical Technology; Matunga Mumbai 400 019 India
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19
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Bioprocessing of bagasse hydrolysate for ethanol and xylitol production using thermotolerant yeast. Bioprocess Biosyst Eng 2014; 38:39-47. [PMID: 25090978 DOI: 10.1007/s00449-014-1241-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2014] [Accepted: 06/14/2014] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Fermentation of xylose-rich and glucose-rich bagasse hydrolysates, obtained from the two-stage acid hydrolysis was studied using the thermotolerant yeast Kluyveromyces sp. IIPE453. The yeast could grow on xylose-rich hydrolysate at 50 °C with the dry cell weight, cell mass yield and maximum specific growth rate of 5.35 g l(-1), 0.58 g g(-1) and 0.13 h(-1), respectively. The yeast was found to be very promising for ethanol as well as xylitol production from the sugars obtained from the lignocellulosic biomass. Batch fermentations of xylose-rich and glucose-rich hydrolysates yielded 0.61 g g(-1) xylitol and 0.43 g g(-1) ethanol in the broth, respectively based on the sugars present in the hydrolysate. Overall ethanol yield of 165 g (210 ml) and 183 g xylitol per kg of bagasse was obtained, when bagasse hydrolysate was used as a substrate. Utilization of both the glucose and xylose sugars makes the process most economical by producing both ethanol and xylitol based on biorefinery concept. On validating the experimental data of ethanol fermentation, the modified Luong kinetic model for product inhibition as well as inhibition due to inhibitory compounds present in hydrolysate, the model was found to be the best fit for ethanol formation from bagasse hydrolysate using Kluyveromyces sp. IIPE453.
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20
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Product diversification to enhance economic viability of second generation ethanol production in Brazil: The case of the sugar and ethanol joint production. Chem Eng Res Des 2014. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cherd.2013.11.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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21
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Macrelli S, Galbe M, Wallberg O. Effects of production and market factors on ethanol profitability for an integrated first and second generation ethanol plant using the whole sugarcane as feedstock. BIOTECHNOLOGY FOR BIOFUELS 2014; 7:26. [PMID: 24559312 PMCID: PMC3938646 DOI: 10.1186/1754-6834-7-26] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2013] [Accepted: 02/06/2014] [Indexed: 05/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Sugarcane is an attractive feedstock for ethanol production, especially if the lignocellulosic fraction can also be treated in second generation (2G) ethanol plants. However, the profitability of 2G ethanol is affected by the processing conditions, operating costs and market prices. This study focuses on the minimum ethanol selling price (MESP) and maximum profitability of ethanol production in an integrated first and second generation (1G + 2G) sugarcane-to-ethanol plant. The feedstock used was sugarcane juice, bagasse and leaves. The lignocellulosic fraction was hydrolysed with enzymes. Yields were assumed to be 95% of the theoretical for each of the critical steps in the process (steam pretreatment, enzymatic hydrolysis (EH), fermentation, solid/liquid separation, anaerobic digestion) in order to obtain the best conditions possible for ethanol production, to assess the lowest production costs. Techno-economic analysis was performed for various combinations of process options (for example use of pentoses, addition of leaves), EH conditions (water-insoluble solids (WIS) and residence time), operating cost (enzymes) and market factors (wholesale prices of electricity and ethanol, cost of the feedstock). RESULTS The greatest reduction in 2G MESP was achieved when using the pentoses for the production of ethanol rather than biogas. This was followed, in decreasing order, by higher enzymatic hydrolysis efficiency (EHE), by increasing the WIS to 30% and by a short residence time (48 hours) in the EH. The addition of leaves was found to have a slightly negative impact on 1G + 2G MESP, but the effect on 2G MESP was negligible. Sugarcane price significantly affected 1G + 2G MESP, while the price of leaves had a much lower impact. Net present value (NPV) analysis of the most interesting case showed that integrated 1G + 2G ethanol production including leaves could be more profitable than 1G ethanol, despite the fact that the MESP was higher than in 1G ethanol production. CONCLUSIONS A combined 1G + 2G ethanol plant could potentially outperform a 1G plant in terms of NPV, depending on market wholesale prices of ethanol and electricity. Therefore, although it is more expensive than 1G ethanol production, 2G ethanol production can make the integrated 1G + 2G process more profitable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefano Macrelli
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Mats Galbe
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
| | - Ola Wallberg
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Lund University, PO Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden
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22
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A New Proposal of Cellulosic Ethanol to Boost Sugarcane Biorefineries: Techno-Economic Evaluation. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF CHEMICAL ENGINEERING 2014. [DOI: 10.1155/2014/537408] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Commercial simulator Aspen Plus was used to simulate a biorefinery producing ethanol from sugarcane juice and second generation ethanol production using bagasse fine fraction composed of parenchyma cells (P-fraction). Liquid hot water and steam explosion pretreatment technologies were evaluated. The processes were thermal and water integrated and compared to a biorefinery producing ethanol from juice and sugarcane bagasse. The results indicated that after thermal and water integration, the evaluated processes were self-sufficient in energy demand, being able to sell the surplus electricity to the grid, and presented water intake inside the environmental limit for São Paulo State, Brazil. The processes that evaluated the use of the bagasse fine fraction presented higher economic results compared with the use of the entire bagasse. Even though, due to the high enzyme costs, the payback calculated for the biorefineries were higher than 8 years for all cases that considered second generation ethanol and the net present value for the investment was negative. The reduction on the enzyme load, in a way that the conversion rates could be maintained, is the limiting factor to make second generation ethanol competitive with the most immediate uses of bagasse: fuel for the cogeneration system to surplus electricity production.
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23
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Kallioinen A, Hakola M, Riekkola T, Repo T, Leskelä M, von Weymarn N, Siika-aho M. A novel alkaline oxidation pretreatment for spruce, birch and sugar cane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 140:414-420. [PMID: 23711947 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.04.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2013] [Revised: 04/25/2013] [Accepted: 04/25/2013] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Alkaline oxidation pretreatment was developed for spruce, birch and sugar cane bagasse. The reaction was carried out in alkaline water solution under 10 bar oxygen pressure and at mild reaction temperature of 120-140°C. Most of the lignin was solubilised by the alkaline oxidation pretreatment and an easily hydrolysable carbohydrate fraction was obtained. After 72 h hydrolysis with a 10 FPU/g enzyme dosage, glucose yields of 80%, 91%, and 97%, for spruce, birch and bagasse, respectively, were achieved. The enzyme dosage could be decreased to 4 FPU/g without a major effect in terms of the hydrolysis performance. Compared to steam explosion alkaline oxidation was found to be significantly better in the conditions tested, especially for the pretreatment of spruce. In hydrolysis and fermentation at 12% d.m. consistency an ethanol yield of 80% could be obtained with both bagasse and spruce in 1-3 days.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anne Kallioinen
- VTT Technical Research Centre of Finland, P.O. Box 1000, FI-02044 VTT, Finland.
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24
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Xie T, Lin L, Pang C, Zhuang J, Shi J, Yang Q. Efficient enzymatic hydrolysis of the bagasse pulp prepared with active oxygen and MgO-based solid alkali. Carbohydr Polym 2013; 94:807-13. [DOI: 10.1016/j.carbpol.2013.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2012] [Revised: 01/15/2013] [Accepted: 01/23/2013] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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25
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Travaini R, Otero MDM, Coca M, Da-Silva R, Bolado S. Sugarcane bagasse ozonolysis pretreatment: effect on enzymatic digestibility and inhibitory compound formation. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 133:332-9. [PMID: 23434810 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2013.01.133] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2012] [Revised: 01/11/2013] [Accepted: 01/13/2013] [Indexed: 05/12/2023]
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse was pretreated with ozone to increase lignocellulosic material digestibility. Bagasse was ozonated in a fixed bed reactor at room temperature, and the effect of the two major parameters, ozone concentration and sample moisture, was studied. Acid insoluble and total lignin decreased whereas acid soluble lignin increased in all experiments. Pretreatment barely attacked carbohydrates, with cellulose and xylan recovery rates being >92%. Ozonolysis increased fermentable carbohydrate release considerably during enzymatic hydrolysis. Glucose and xylose yields increased from 6.64% and 2.05%, for raw bagasse, to 41.79% and 52.44% under the best experimental conditions. Only xylitol, lactic, formic and acetic acid degradation compounds were found, with neither furfural nor HMF (5-hydroxymethylfurfural) being detected. Washing detoxification provided inhibitor removal percentages above 85%, increasing glucose hydrolysis, but decreasing xylose yield by xylan solubilization. SEM analysis showed structural changes after ozonization and washing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodolfo Travaini
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Environmental Technology, University of Valladolid, Valladolid, Spain.
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26
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Oliveira FMV, Pinheiro IO, Souto-Maior AM, Martin C, Gonçalves AR, Rocha GJM. Industrial-scale steam explosion pretreatment of sugarcane straw for enzymatic hydrolysis of cellulose for production of second generation ethanol and value-added products. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2013; 130:168-73. [PMID: 23306125 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.12.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2012] [Revised: 12/03/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Steam explosion at 180, 190 and 200°C for 15min was applied to sugarcane straw in an industrial sugar/ethanol reactor (2.5m(3)). The pretreated straw was delignificated by sodium hydroxide and hydrolyzed with cellulases, or submitted directly to enzymatic hydrolysis after the pretreatment. The pretreatments led to remarkable hemicellulose solubilization, with the maximum (92.7%) for pretreatment performed at 200°C. Alkaline treatment of the pretreated materials led to lignin solubilization of 86.7% at 180°C, and only to 81.3% in the material pretreated at 200°C. All pretreatment conditions led to high hydrolysis conversion of cellulose, with the maximum (80.0%) achieved at 200°C. Delignification increase the enzymatic conversion (from 58.8% in the cellulignin to 85.1% in the delignificated pulp) of the material pretreated at 180°C, but for the material pretreated at 190°C, the improvement was less remarkable, while for the pretreated at 200°C the hydrolysis conversion decreased after the alkaline treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando M V Oliveira
- Departamento de Biotecnologia, Escola de Engenharia de Lorena, Universidade de São Paulo, P.O. Box 116, CEP 12602-810 Lorena, São Paulo, Brazil
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27
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Carrasco C, Baudel H, Roslander C, Galbe M, Lidén G. Fermentation of the Straw Material Paja Brava by the Yeast <i>Pichia stipitis</i> in a Simultaneous Saccharification and Fermentation Process. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2013. [DOI: 10.4236/jsbs.2013.32014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
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28
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Rabelo SC, Vaz Rossell CE, de Moraes Rocha GJ, Zacchi G. Enhancement of the enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane bagasse by steam pretreatment impregnated with hydrogen peroxide. Biotechnol Prog 2012; 28:1207-17. [PMID: 22753357 DOI: 10.1002/btpr.1593] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2012] [Revised: 05/31/2012] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Sugarcane bagasse was subjected to steam pretreatment impregnated with hydrogen peroxide. Analyses were performed using 2(3) factorial designs and enzymatic hydrolysis was performed at two different solid concentrations and with washed and unwashed material to evaluate the importance of this step for obtaining high cellulose conversion. Similar cellulose conversion were obtained at different conditions of pretreatment and hydrolysis. When the cellulose was hydrolyzed using the pretreated material in the most severe conditions of the experimental design (210 °C, 15 min and 1.0% hydrogen peroxide), and using 2% (w/w) water-insoluble solids (WIS), and 15 FPU/g WIS, the cellulose conversion was 86.9%. In contrast, at a milder pretreatment condition (190 °C, 15 min and 0.2% hydrogen peroxide) and industrially more realistic conditions of hydrolysis (10% WIS and 10 FPU/g WIS), the cellulose conversion reached 82.2%. The step of washing the pretreated material was very important to obtain high concentrations of fermentable sugars.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sarita Cândida Rabelo
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol - CTBE/CNPEM, Caixa Postal 6170, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, São Paulo, Brazil.
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29
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Badshah M, Lam DM, Liu J, Mattiasson B. Use of an Automatic Methane Potential Test System for evaluating the biomethane potential of sugarcane bagasse after different treatments. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 114:262-269. [PMID: 22446055 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2012.02.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/14/2011] [Revised: 01/31/2012] [Accepted: 02/02/2012] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
A multi-channel analyzer was used to evaluate biogas potential of sugarcane bagasse (SCB). The Automatic Methane Potential Test System contained fifteen parallel reactors and the same number of gas flow meters attached to the acquisition system. The set of reactors - gas flow meters gave reproducible results during anaerobic digestion of chemically defined carbon source and the units were used to evaluate the biomethane potential of SCB after different pretreatments, such as treatment with water, acid, acid followed by enzymatic treatment and acid followed by treatment with inactive enzymes. Combined pretreatment with 2% sulphuric acid and enzymatic hydrolysis (3.5% enzymes) resulted in conversion of 79% to monomeric sugars present in SCB. SCB treated with acid followed by enzymatic hydrolysis achieved the methane yield of 200 NL per kg VS(added). Enzymatic saccharification of acid pretreated SCB resulted in increase of methane yield by 16±5% compared to that from acid treated SCB.
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Affiliation(s)
- Malik Badshah
- Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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30
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Dogaris I, Gkounta O, Mamma D, Kekos D. Bioconversion of dilute-acid pretreated sorghum bagasse to ethanol by Neurospora crassa. Appl Microbiol Biotechnol 2012; 95:541-50. [DOI: 10.1007/s00253-012-4113-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2012] [Revised: 04/13/2012] [Accepted: 04/16/2012] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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31
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Crespo CF, Badshah M, Alvarez MT, Mattiasson B. Ethanol production by continuous fermentation of D-(+)-cellobiose, D-(+)-xylose and sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate using the thermoanaerobe Caloramator boliviensis. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2012; 103:186-191. [PMID: 22055102 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.10.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2011] [Revised: 09/19/2011] [Accepted: 10/06/2011] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
The recently isolated anaerobic bacterium Caloramator boliviensis with an optimum growth temperature of 60 °C can efficiently convert hexoses and pentoses into ethanol. When fermentations of pure sugars and a pentose-rich sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate were carried out in a packed bed reactor with immobilized cells of C. boliviensis, more than 98% of substrates were converted. Ethanol yields of 0.40-0.46 g/g of sugar were obtained when sugarcane bagasse hydrolysate was fermented. These features reveal interesting properties of C. boliviensis in producing ethanol from a renewable feedstock.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla F Crespo
- Department of Biotechnology, Lund University, P.O. Box 124, SE-221 00 Lund, Sweden.
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32
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Dias MOS, Cunha MP, Jesus CDF, Rocha GJM, Pradella JGC, Rossell CEV, Filho RM, Bonomi A. Second generation ethanol in Brazil: can it compete with electricity production? BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:8964-71. [PMID: 21795041 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.06.098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2011] [Revised: 06/27/2011] [Accepted: 06/30/2011] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Much of the controversy surrounding second generation ethanol production arises from the assumed competition with first generation ethanol production; however, in Brazil, where bioethanol is produced from sugarcane, sugarcane bagasse and trash will be used as feedstock for second generation ethanol production. Thus, second generation ethanol production may be primarily in competition with electricity production from the lignocellulosic fraction of sugarcane. A preliminary technical and economic analysis of the integrated production of first and second generation ethanol from sugarcane in Brazil is presented and different technological scenarios are evaluated. The analysis showed the importance of the integrated use of sugarcane including the biomass represented by surplus bagasse and trash that can be taken from the field. Second generation ethanol may favorably compete with bioelectricity production when sugarcane trash is used and when low cost enzyme and improved technologies become commercially available.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina O S Dias
- Laboratório Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia do Bioetanol (CTBE), Caixa Postal 6170, CEP 13083-970 Campinas, SP, Brazil.
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33
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Diedericks D, Rensburg EV, del Prado García-Aparicio M, Görgens JF. Enhancing the enzymatic digestibility of sugarcane bagasse through the application of an ionic liquid in combination with an acid catalyst. Biotechnol Prog 2011; 28:76-84. [DOI: 10.1002/btpr.711] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/19/2011] [Revised: 07/31/2011] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
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34
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Enzymatic hydrolysis and simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of alkali/peracetic acid-pretreated sugarcane bagasse for ethanol and 2,3-butanediol production. Enzyme Microb Technol 2011; 49:413-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.enzmictec.2011.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2011] [Revised: 06/17/2011] [Accepted: 07/07/2011] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
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35
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Qi B, Luo J, Chen X, Hang X, Wan Y. Separation of furfural from monosaccharides by nanofiltration. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:7111-7118. [PMID: 21570829 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.04.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2011] [Revised: 04/13/2011] [Accepted: 04/16/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
Furfural, found in the lignocellulosic prehydrolyzates at high concentration, is a strong inhibitor of growth and ethanol fermentation of Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Removal of furfural and concentration of monosaccharides were investigated by using two commercial nanofiltraton (NF) membranes with synthetic glucose-xylose-furfural solution as model. The effects of main operating parameters such as feed pH, permeation flux, temperature and feed concentration on the rejections of the three solutes, were studied. Results showed that rejections of the three solutes decreased with increasing feed pH and temperature, and increased with increasing permeation flux for both membranes. The concentrations of the three solutes had interaction effect on the rejection of furfural by NF90 membrane and rejections of the three solutes by NF270 membrane. Furthermore, the effects of two filtration modes, concentration and diafiltration, on the separation of furfural from monosaccharides were also investigated. With the two commercial NF membranes, concentration and purification of monosaccharides in the model solution can be accomplished.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benkun Qi
- National Key Laboratory of Biochemical Engineering, Institute of Process Engineering, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100190, China
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36
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Xie R, Tu M, Wu Y, Adhikari S. Improvement in HPLC separation of acetic acid and levulinic acid in the profiling of biomass hydrolysate. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:4938-4942. [PMID: 21316945 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2011.01.050] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2010] [Revised: 01/14/2011] [Accepted: 01/17/2011] [Indexed: 05/30/2023]
Abstract
5-Hydroxymethylfurfural (HMF) and furfural could be separated by the Aminex HPX-87H column chromatography, however, the separation and quantification of acetic acid and levulinic acid in biomass hydrolysate have been difficult with this method. In present study, the HPLC separation of acetic acid and levulinic acid on Aminex HPX-87H column has been investigated by varying column temperature, flow rate, and sulfuric acid content in the mobile phase. The column temperature was found critical in resolving acetic acid and levulinic acid. The resolution for two acids increased dramatically from 0.42 to 1.86 when the column temperature was lowered from 60 to 30 °C. So did the capacity factors for levulinic acid that was increased from 1.20 to 1.44 as the column temperature dropped. The optimum column temperature for the separation was found at 45 °C. Variation in flow rate and sulfuric acid concentration improved not as much as the column temperature did.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Xie
- School of Forestry and Wildlife Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL 36849, USA
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37
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Almeida JRM, Runquist D, Sànchez i Nogué V, Lidén G, Gorwa-Grauslund MF. Stress-related challenges in pentose fermentation to ethanol by the yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Biotechnol J 2011; 6:286-99. [PMID: 21305697 DOI: 10.1002/biot.201000301] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/06/2010] [Revised: 12/17/2010] [Accepted: 12/20/2010] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
Conversion of agricultural residues, energy crops and forest residues into bioethanol requires hydrolysis of the biomass and fermentation of the released sugars. During the hydrolysis of the hemicellulose fraction, substantial amounts of pentose sugars, in particular xylose, are released. Fermentation of these pentose sugars to ethanol by engineered Saccharomyces cerevisiae under industrial process conditions is the subject of this review. First, fermentation challenges originating from the main steps of ethanol production from lignocellulosic feedstocks are discussed, followed by genetic modifications that have been implemented in S. cerevisiae to obtain xylose and arabinose fermenting capacity per se. Finally, the fermentation of a real lignocellulosic medium is discussed in terms of inhibitory effects of furaldehydes, phenolics and weak acids and the presence of contaminating microbiota.
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Affiliation(s)
- João R M Almeida
- Applied Microbiology, Lund University, Lund, Sweden; EMBRAPA Agroenergy, PqEB, Brasilia, 70770-901 DF, Brazil
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38
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Carrasco C, Baudel H, Peñarrieta M, Solano C, Tejeda L, Roslander C, Galbe M, Lidén G. Steam pretreatment and fermentation of the straw material “Paja Brava” using simultaneous saccharification and co-fermentation. J Biosci Bioeng 2011; 111:167-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jbiosc.2010.10.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2010] [Revised: 09/21/2010] [Accepted: 10/18/2010] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
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39
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Ewanick S, Bura R. The effect of biomass moisture content on bioethanol yields from steam pretreated switchgrass and sugarcane bagasse. BIORESOURCE TECHNOLOGY 2011; 102:2651-8. [PMID: 21109425 DOI: 10.1016/j.biortech.2010.10.117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2010] [Revised: 10/22/2010] [Accepted: 10/25/2010] [Indexed: 05/25/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to determine the effect of moisture content of three different feedstocks on overall ethanol yield. Switchgrass and sugarcane bagasse from two sources were either soaked in water (∼80% moisture) or left dry (∼12% moisture), and half each of these were impregnated with 3%w/w SO(2) and all were steam pretreated. The twelve resulting substrates were compared based on overall sugar recovery after pretreatment, cellulose conversion following enzymatic hydrolysis, and ethanol yield following simultaneous saccharification and fermentation. The overall ethanol yield after simultaneous saccharification and fermentation of hexoses was 18-28% higher in samples that were soaked prior to SO(2) addition than in SO(2)-catalyzed samples that were not soaked. In samples that were uncatalyzed, soaking made little difference, indicating that the positive effect of increased moisture content may be related to increased permeability of the biomass to SO(2).
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Affiliation(s)
- Shannon Ewanick
- University of Washington, School of Forest Resources, Seattle, WA 98195-2100, USA.
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Simulation of integrated first and second generation bioethanol production from sugarcane: comparison between different biomass pretreatment methods. J Ind Microbiol Biotechnol 2010; 38:955-66. [DOI: 10.1007/s10295-010-0867-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2010] [Accepted: 08/26/2010] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Sindhu R, Binod P, Satyanagalakshmi K, Janu KU, Sajna KV, Kurien N, Sukumaran RK, Pandey A. Formic acid as a potential pretreatment agent for the conversion of sugarcane bagasse to bioethanol. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2010; 162:2313-23. [PMID: 20526821 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-010-9004-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2010] [Accepted: 05/26/2010] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In recent years, growing attention has been focused on the use of lignocellulosic biomass as a feedstock for the production of ethanol, a possible renewable alternative to fossil fuels. Several pretreatment processes have been developed for decreasing the biomass recalcitrance, but only a few of them seem to be promising. In this study, effect of various organic solvents and organic acids on the pretreatment of sugarcane bagasse was studied. Among the different organic acids and organic solvents tested, formic acid was found to be effective. Optimization of process parameters for formic acid pretreatment was carried out. The structural changes before and after pretreatment was investigated by scanning electron microscopy, X-ray diffraction (XRD), and Fourier transform infrared (FTIR) analysis. The X-ray diffraction profile showed that the degree of crystallinity was more for pretreated biomass than that of untreated. The FTIR spectra shown at the stretching of hydrogen bonds of pretreated sugarcane bagasse arose at higher number. It also revealed that the cellulose content in the solid residue increased because the hemicelluloses fraction in raw materials was released by acid hydrolytic reaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raveendran Sindhu
- Centre for Biofuels, National Institute for Interdisciplinary Science and Technology, Council of Scientific and Industrial Research, Trivandrum 695019, India
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Romaní A, Garrote G, Alonso JL, Parajó JC. Experimental Assessment on the Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Hydrothermally Pretreated Eucalyptus globulus Wood. Ind Eng Chem Res 2010. [DOI: 10.1021/ie100154m] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Aloia Romaní
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain, and CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
| | - Gil Garrote
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain, and CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
| | - José Luis Alonso
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain, and CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Parajó
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Science, University of Vigo (Campus Ourense), As Lagoas, 32004 Ourense, Spain, and CITI (Centro de Investigación, Transferencia e Innovación), University of Vigo, Tecnopole, San Cibrao das Viñas, Ourense, Spain
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