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Li MY, Wang Y, Wu Y, Zhao XY, Yang ZS, Li B, Chen ST, He YY, Yang ZM. Blastocyst-Derived Lactic Acid May Regulate S100A6 Expression and Function in Mouse Decidualization via Stimulation of Uterine Epithelial Arachidonic Acid Secretion. Cells 2024; 13:206. [PMID: 38334598 PMCID: PMC10854550 DOI: 10.3390/cells13030206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/12/2023] [Revised: 01/18/2024] [Accepted: 01/21/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024] Open
Abstract
(1) Background: Inflammatory responses are implicated in embryo implantation, decidualization, pregnancy maintenance and labor. Both embryo implantation and decidualization are essential to successful pregnancy in rodents and primates. S100A6 is involved in inflammation, tumor development, apoptosis and calcium homeostasis. S100A6 is strongly expressed in mouse decidua, but the underlying mechanisms of how S100A6 regulates implantation and decidualization are poorly defined. (2) Methods: Mouse endometrial stromal and epithelial cells are isolated from day 4 pseudopregnant mouse uteri. Both immunofluorescence and Western blotting are used to analyze the expression and localization of proteins. The molecular mechanism is verified in vitro by Western blotting and the quantitative polymerase chain reaction. (3) Results: From days 4 to 8 of pregnancy, S100A6 is specifically expressed in mouse subluminal stromal cells. Blastocyst-derived lactic acid induces AA secretion by activating the luminal epithelial p-cPLA2. The epithelial AA induces stromal S100A6 expression through the COX2/PGI2/PPAR δ pathway. Progesterone regulates S100A6 expression through the progesterone receptor (PR). S100A6/RAGE signaling can regulate decidualization via EGFR/ERK1/2 in vitro. (4) Conclusions: S100A6, as an inflammatory mediator, is important for mouse implantation and decidualization.
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Affiliation(s)
- Meng-Yuan Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Ying Wang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Ying Wu
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Xu-Yu Zhao
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Zhen-Shan Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Bo Li
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Si-Ting Chen
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Yu-Ying He
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
| | - Zeng-Ming Yang
- College of Veterinary Medicine, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China; (M.-Y.L.)
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction in the Plateau Mountain Region, College of Animal Science, Guizhou University, Guiyang 550025, China
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2
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Yang F, Ma J, Zhu D, Wang Z, Li Y, He X, Zhang G, Kang X. The Role of S100A6 in Human Diseases: Molecular Mechanisms and Therapeutic Potential. Biomolecules 2023; 13:1139. [PMID: 37509175 PMCID: PMC10377078 DOI: 10.3390/biom13071139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2023] [Revised: 07/11/2023] [Accepted: 07/14/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023] Open
Abstract
S100A6, also known as calcyclin, is a low-molecular-weight Ca2+-binding protein from the S100 family that contains two EF-hands. S100A6 is expressed in a variety of mammalian cells and tissues. It is also expressed in lung, colorectal, pancreatic, and liver cancers, as well as other cancers such as melanoma. S100A6 has many molecular functions related to cell proliferation, the cell cycle, cell differentiation, and the cytoskeleton. It is not only involved in tumor invasion, proliferation, and migration, but also the pathogenesis of other non-neoplastic diseases. In this review, we focus on the molecular mechanisms and potential therapeutic targets of S100A6 in tumors, nervous system diseases, leukemia, endometriosis, cardiovascular disease, osteoarthritis, and other related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengguang Yang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Jinglin Ma
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
- School of Petrochemical Engineering, Lanzhou University of Technology, Lanzhou 730050, China
| | - Daxue Zhu
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Zhaoheng Wang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Yanhu Li
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xuegang He
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Guangzhi Zhang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
| | - Xuewen Kang
- Department of Orthopedics, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China; (F.Y.); (X.H.); (G.Z.)
- The Second Clinical Medical College, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730030, China
- Orthopaedics Key Laboratory of Gansu Province, Lanzhou University Second Hospital, Lanzhou 730030, China
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3
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Reynaert NL, Vanfleteren LEGW, Perkins TN. The AGE-RAGE Axis and the Pathophysiology of Multimorbidity in COPD. J Clin Med 2023; 12:jcm12103366. [PMID: 37240472 DOI: 10.3390/jcm12103366] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 04/24/2023] [Accepted: 05/05/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a disease of the airways and lungs due to an enhanced inflammatory response, commonly caused by cigarette smoking. Patients with COPD are often multimorbid, as they commonly suffer from multiple chronic (inflammatory) conditions. This intensifies the burden of individual diseases, negatively affects quality of life, and complicates disease management. COPD and comorbidities share genetic and lifestyle-related risk factors and pathobiological mechanisms, including chronic inflammation and oxidative stress. The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is an important driver of chronic inflammation. Advanced glycation end products (AGEs) are RAGE ligands that accumulate due to aging, inflammation, oxidative stress, and carbohydrate metabolism. AGEs cause further inflammation and oxidative stress through RAGE, but also through RAGE-independent mechanisms. This review describes the complexity of RAGE signaling and the causes of AGE accumulation, followed by a comprehensive overview of alterations reported on AGEs and RAGE in COPD and in important co-morbidities. Furthermore, it describes the mechanisms by which AGEs and RAGE contribute to the pathophysiology of individual disease conditions and how they execute crosstalk between organ systems. A section on therapeutic strategies that target AGEs and RAGE and could alleviate patients from multimorbid conditions using single therapeutics concludes this review.
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Affiliation(s)
- Niki L Reynaert
- Department of Respiratory Medicine, School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University Medical Center+, 6229 ER Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Lowie E G W Vanfleteren
- COPD Center, Department of Respiratory Medicine and Allergology, Sahlgrenska University Hospital, 413 45 Gothenburg, Sweden
- Department of Internal Medicine and Clinical Nutrition, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Timothy N Perkins
- Department of Pathology, School of Medicine, University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, PA 15261, USA
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Malaviya R, Gardner CR, Rancourt RC, Smith LC, Abramova EV, Vayas KN, Gow AJ, Laskin JD, Laskin DL. Lung injury and oxidative stress induced by inhaled chlorine in mice is associated with proinflammatory activation of macrophages and altered bioenergetics. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2023; 461:116388. [PMID: 36690086 PMCID: PMC9960611 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2023.116388] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/22/2022] [Revised: 01/11/2023] [Accepted: 01/16/2023] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Chlorine (Cl2) gas is a highly toxic and oxidizing irritant that causes life-threatening lung injuries. Herein, we investigated the impact of Cl2-induced injury and oxidative stress on lung macrophage phenotype and function. Spontaneously breathing male C57BL/6J mice were exposed to air or Cl2 (300 ppm, 25 min) in a whole-body exposure chamber. Bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) fluid and cells, and lung tissue were collected 24 h later and analyzed for markers of injury, oxidative stress and macrophage activation. Exposure of mice to Cl2 resulted in increases in numbers of BAL cells and levels of IgM, total protein, and fibrinogen, indicating alveolar epithelial barrier dysfunction and inflammation. BAL levels of inflammatory proteins including surfactant protein (SP)-D, soluble receptor for glycation end product (sRAGE) and matrix metalloproteinase (MMP)-9 were also increased. Cl2 inhalation resulted in upregulation of phospho-histone H2A.X, a marker of double-strand DNA breaks in the bronchiolar epithelium and alveolar cells; oxidative stress proteins, heme oxygenase (HO)-1 and catalase were also upregulated. Flow cytometric analysis of BAL cells revealed increases in proinflammatory macrophages following Cl2 exposure, whereas numbers of resident and antiinflammatory macrophages were not altered. This was associated with increases in numbers of macrophages expressing cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), markers of proinflammatory activation, with no effect on mannose receptor (MR) or Ym-1 expression, markers of antiinflammatory activation. Metabolic analysis of lung cells showed increases in glycolytic activity following Cl2 exposure in line with proinflammatory macrophage activation. Mechanistic understanding of Cl2-induced injury will be useful in the identification of efficacious countermeasures for mitigating morbidity and mortality of this highly toxic gas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rama Malaviya
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Carol R Gardner
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Raymond C Rancourt
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Ley Cody Smith
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Elena V Abramova
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Kinal N Vayas
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Andrew J Gow
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA
| | - Jeffrey D Laskin
- Department of Environmental and Occupational Health and Justice, School of Public Health, Rutgers University, Piscataway, NJ 08854, USA
| | - Debra L Laskin
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Ernest Mario School of Pharmacy, USA.
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Fimbristylis ovata and Artemisia vulgaris extracts inhibited AGE-mediated RAGE expression, ROS generation, and inflammation in THP-1 cells. Toxicol Res 2022; 38:331-343. [DOI: 10.1007/s43188-021-00114-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2021] [Revised: 08/15/2021] [Accepted: 11/15/2021] [Indexed: 10/19/2022] Open
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Assenhöj M, Ward LJ, Ghafouri B, Graff P, Ljunggren SA. Metal exposure from additive manufacturing and its effect on the nasal lavage fluid proteome - a pilot study. PLoS One 2021; 16:e0256746. [PMID: 34464420 PMCID: PMC8407577 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0256746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2021] [Accepted: 08/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022] Open
Abstract
The use of metal additive manufacturing (AM) is steadily increasing and is an emerging concern regarding occupational exposure. In this study, non-invasive sampled nasal lavage fluid (NLF) from the upper airways was collected from metal AM operators at the beginning and end of a workweek during two consecutive years with preventive interventions in the occupational setting in-between (n = 5 year 1, n = 9 year 2). During year one, NLF was also collected from welders (n = 6) from the same company to get a comparison with a traditional manufacturing technique with known exposure and health risks. The samples were investigated using untargeted proteomics, as well as using multi-immunoassay to analyze a panel of 71 inflammatory protein markers. NLF in AM operators from year 1 showed decreased levels of Immunoglobulin J and WAP four-disulfide core domain protein 2 and increased levels of Golgi membrane protein 1, Uteroglobin and Protein S100-A6 at the end of the workweek. At year two, after preventive interventions, there were no significant differences at the end of the workweek. In welders, Annexin A1 and Protein S100-A6 were increased at the end of the workweek. The analysis of 71 inflammatory biomarkers showed no significant differences between the beginning and the end of workweek year 1 in AM operators. We identified several proteins of interest in the AM operators that could serve as possible markers for exposure in future studies with a larger cohort for validation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Assenhöj
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Liam J. Ward
- Department of Clinical Sciences, Intervention and Technology, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bijar Ghafouri
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Pain and Rehabilitation Center, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Pål Graff
- National Institute of Occupational Health, Oslo, Norway
| | - Stefan A. Ljunggren
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
- * E-mail:
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7
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Cigarette Smoke Condensate Exposure Induces Receptor for Advanced Glycation End-Products (RAGE)-Dependent Sterile Inflammation in Amniotic Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22158345. [PMID: 34361111 PMCID: PMC8348034 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22158345] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Revised: 07/30/2021] [Accepted: 07/31/2021] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking is a risk factor of preterm prelabor rupture of the fetal membranes (pPROM), which is responsible for 30% of preterm births worldwide. Cigarettes induce oxidative stress and inflammation, mechanisms both implicated in fetal membranes (FM) weakening. We hypothesized that the receptor for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) and its ligands can result in cigarette-dependent inflammation. FM explants and amniotic epithelial cells (AECs) were treated with cigarette smoke condensate (CSC), combined or not with RAGE antagonist peptide (RAP), an inhibitor of RAGE. Cell suffering was evaluated by measuring lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) medium-release. Extracellular HMGB1 (a RAGE ligand) release by amnion and choriodecidua explants were checked by western blot. NF-κB pathway induction was determined by a luciferase gene reporter assay, and inflammation was evaluated by cytokine RT-qPCR and protein quantification. Gelatinase activity was assessed using a specific assay. CSC induced cell suffering and HMGB1 secretion only in the amnion, which is directly associated with a RAGE-dependent response. CSC also affected AECs by inducing inflammation (cytokine release and NFκB activation) and gelatinase activity through RAGE engagement, which was linked to an increase in extracellular matrix degradation. This RAGE dependent CSC-induced inflammation associated with an increase of gelatinase activity could explain a pathological FM weakening directly linked to pPROM.
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8
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The S100 Protein Family as Players and Therapeutic Targets in Pulmonary Diseases. Pulm Med 2021; 2021:5488591. [PMID: 34239729 PMCID: PMC8214497 DOI: 10.1155/2021/5488591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/28/2021] [Accepted: 05/27/2021] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The S100 protein family consists of over 20 members in humans that are involved in many intracellular and extracellular processes, including proliferation, differentiation, apoptosis, Ca2+ homeostasis, energy metabolism, inflammation, tissue repair, and migration/invasion. Although there are structural similarities between each member, they are not functionally interchangeable. The S100 proteins function both as intracellular Ca2+ sensors and as extracellular factors. Dysregulated responses of multiple members of the S100 family are observed in several diseases, including the lungs (asthma, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, cystic fibrosis, pulmonary hypertension, and lung cancer). To this degree, extensive research was undertaken to identify their roles in pulmonary disease pathogenesis and the identification of inhibitors for several S100 family members that have progressed to clinical trials in patients for nonpulmonary conditions. This review outlines the potential role of each S100 protein in pulmonary diseases, details the possible mechanisms observed in diseases, and outlines potential therapeutic strategies for treatment.
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Tsai CY, Chou HC, Chen CM. Perinatal nicotine exposure alters lung development and induces HMGB1-RAGE expression in neonatal mice. Birth Defects Res 2020; 113:570-578. [PMID: 33166075 DOI: 10.1002/bdr2.1840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2020] [Revised: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 10/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Maternal nicotine exposure during gestation and lactation adversely affect lung development of their children. High-mobility group box 1 (HMGB1) is the encoded non-histone, nuclear DNA-binding protein that regulates transcription, and is involved in organization of DNA. Receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a receptor for HMGB1 and activates nuclear factor-κB (NF-κB) signaling. Animal and human studies have found cigarette smoke exposure upregulates RAGE expression, suggesting that the HMGB1-RAGE pathway might be involved in maternal nicotine-induced lung injury. METHODS This study evaluated prenatal and perinatal nicotine effects on lung development and HMGB1 and RAGE expression in mouse offspring. Nicotine was administered to pregnant mice by subcutaneous osmotic mini-pump at a dose of 6 mg kg-1 day-1 from gestational Day 14 to birth (prenatal) or to postnatal Day 21 (perinatal). A control group received an equal volume of saline by the same route. Three study groups were obtained: prenatal normal saline (NS), prenatal nicotine, and perinatal nicotine groups. The mice were euthanized on postnatal Day 21, and the lung tissues were collected for histological and Western blot analyses. RESULTS Mice exposed to prenatal nicotine exhibited significantly higher lung mean chord length and oxidative stress marker 8-hydroxy-2'-deoxyguanosine and NF-κB expression compared to mice exposed to NS. Perinatal nicotine exposure further enhanced these harmful effects. These perinatal nicotine effects on lung development were associated with increased HMGB1 and RAGE expression. CONCLUSIONS HMGB1-RAGE pathway may be involved in the pathogenesis of altered lung development induced by perinatal nicotine exposure.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yen Tsai
- Department of Pediatrics, Yuan's General Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Hsiu-Chu Chou
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan
| | - Chung-Ming Chen
- Department of Pediatrics, School of Medicine, College of Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei, Taiwan.,Department of Pediatrics, Taipei Medical University Hospital, Taipei, Taiwan
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Goldklang MP, Tekabe Y, Zelonina T, Trischler J, Xiao R, Stearns K, Rodriguez K, Shields A, Romanov A, D'Armiento JM, Johnson LL. Single-photon emission computed tomography/computed tomography imaging of RAGE in smoking-induced lung injury. Respir Res 2019; 20:116. [PMID: 31182072 PMCID: PMC6558785 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-019-1064-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 04/30/2019] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Expression of the Receptor for Advanced Glycation Endproducts (RAGE) initiates pro-inflammatory pathways resulting in lung destruction. We hypothesized that RAGE directed imaging demonstrates increased lung uptake in smoke-exposure. Methods After exposure to room air or to cigarette smoke for 4-weeks or 16-weeks, rabbits were injected with 99mTc-anti-RAGE F(ab’)2 and underwent Single-Photon Emission Computed Tomography/Computed Tomography (SPECT/CT) imaging. Lung radiotracer uptake was calculated as percent injected dose (%ID). Lungs were dissected for gamma well counting and histological analysis. Results 99mTc-anti-RAGE F(ab’)2 SPECT/CT imaging demonstrated increased lung expression of RAGE with smoke exposure compared to room air control at 4-weeks: Room air right (R) 0.75 ± 0.38%ID, left (L) 0.62 ± 0.32%ID vs. Smoke exposed R 0.17 ± 0.03, L 0.17 ± 0.02%ID (p = 0.02 and 0.028, respectively). By 16-weeks of smoke exposure, the uptake decreased to 0.19 ± 0.05%ID R and 0.17 ± 0.05%ID L, significantly lower than 4-week imaging (p = 0.0076 and 0.0129 respectively). Staining for RAGE confirmed SPECT results, with the RAGE ligand HMGB1 upregulated in the macrophages of 4-week smoke-exposed rabbits. Conclusions RAGE-directed imaging identified pulmonary RAGE expression acutely in vivo in an animal model of emphysema early after smoke exposure, with diminution over time. These studies document the extent and time course of RAGE expression under smoke exposure conditions and could be utilized for disease monitoring and examining response to future RAGE-targeted therapies. Electronic supplementary material The online version of this article (10.1186/s12931-019-1064-4) contains supplementary material, which is available to authorized users.
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Affiliation(s)
- Monica P Goldklang
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Yared Tekabe
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Tina Zelonina
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jordis Trischler
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Rui Xiao
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kyle Stearns
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | | | - Alexander Shields
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Alexander Romanov
- Institute for Comparative Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA
| | - Jeanine M D'Armiento
- Department of Anesthesiology, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA. .,Department of Physiology and Cellular Biophysics, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
| | - Lynne L Johnson
- Department of Medicine, Columbia University, New York, NY, USA.
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Sukjamnong S, Chan YL, Zakarya R, Saad S, Sharma P, Santiyanont R, Chen H, Oliver BG. Effect of long-term maternal smoking on the offspring's lung health. Am J Physiol Lung Cell Mol Physiol 2017; 313:L416-L423. [PMID: 28522560 DOI: 10.1152/ajplung.00134.2017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/24/2017] [Revised: 04/20/2017] [Accepted: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Maternal smoking during pregnancy contributes to long-term health problems in offspring, especially respiratory disorders that can manifest in either childhood or adulthood. Receptors for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) are multiligand receptors abundantly localized in the lung, capable of responding to by-products of reactive oxygen species and proinflammatory responses. RAGE signaling is a key regulator of inflammation in cigarette smoking-related pulmonary diseases. However, the impact of maternal cigarette smoke exposure on lung RAGE signaling in the offspring is unclear. This study aims to investigate the effect of maternal cigarette smoke exposure (SE), as well as mitochondria-targeted antioxidant [mitoquinone mesylate (MitoQ)] treatment, during pregnancy on the RAGE-mediated signaling pathway in the lung of male offspring. Female Balb/c mice (8 wk) were divided into a sham group (exposed to air), an SE group (exposed to cigarette smoke), and an SE + MQ group (exposed to cigarette smoke with MitoQ supplement from mating). The lungs from male offspring were collected at 13 wk. RAGE and its downstream signaling, including nuclear factor-κB and mitogen-activated protein kinase family consisting of extracellular signal-regulated kinase 1, ERK2, c-JUN NH2-terminal kinase (JNK), and phosphorylated JNK, in the lung were significantly increased in the SE offspring. Mitochondrial antioxidant manganese superoxide dismutase was reduced, whereas IL-1β and oxidative stress response nuclear factor (erythroid-derived 2)-like 2 were significantly increased in the SE offspring. Maternal MitoQ treatment normalized RAGE, IL-1β, and Nrf-2 levels in the SE + MQ offspring. Maternal SE increased RAGE and its signaling elements associated with increased oxidative stress and inflammatory cytokines in offspring lungs, whereas maternal MitoQ treatment can partially normalize these changes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Surpon Sukjamnong
- Centre for Health Technologies & Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Yik Lung Chan
- Centre for Health Technologies & Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Razia Zakarya
- Centre for Health Technologies & Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Sonia Saad
- Centre for Health Technologies & Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Renal Group Kolling Institute, Royal North Shore Hospital, St. Leonards, New South Wales, Australia; and
| | - Pawan Sharma
- Centre for Health Technologies & Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Rachana Santiyanont
- Department of Clinical Chemistry, Chulalongkorn University, Bangkok, Thailand
| | - Hui Chen
- Centre for Health Technologies & Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brian G Oliver
- Centre for Health Technologies & Molecular Biosciences, School of Life Sciences, University of Technology Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia;
- Respiratory Cellular and Molecular Biology, Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, University of Sydney, Sydney, New South Wales, Australia
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Cao L, Ping NN, Cao YX, Li W, Cai Y, Warfvinge K, Edvinsson L. The effects of MEK1/2 inhibition on cigarette smoke exposure-induced ET receptor upregulation in rat cerebral arteries. Toxicol Appl Pharmacol 2016; 304:70-8. [PMID: 27212444 DOI: 10.1016/j.taap.2016.05.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 05/11/2016] [Accepted: 05/18/2016] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Cigarette smoking, a major stroke risk factor, upregulates endothelin receptors in cerebral arteries. The present study examined the effects of MEK1/2 pathway inhibition on cigarette smoke exposure-induced ET receptor upregulation. Rats were exposed to the secondhand smoke (SHS) for 8weeks followed by intraperitoneal injection of MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126 for another 4weeks. The urine cotinine levels were assessed with high-performance liquid chromatography. Contractile responses of isolated cerebral arteries were recorded by a sensitive wire myograph. The mRNA and protein expression levels of receptor and MEK/ERK1/2 pathway molecules were examined by real-time PCR and Western blotting, respectively. Cerebral artery receptor localization was determined with immunohistochemistry. The results showed the urine cotinine levels from SHS exposure group were significantly higher than those from the fresh group. In addition, the MEK1/2 inhibitor, U0126 significantly reduced SHS exposure-increased ETA receptor mRNA and protein levels as well as contractile responses mediated by ETA receptors. The immunoreactivity of increased ETA receptor expression was primarily cytoplasmic in smooth muscle cells. In contrast, ETB receptor was noted in endothelial cells. However, the SHS-induced decrease in endothelium-dependent relaxation was unchanged after U0126 treatment. Furthermore, SHS increased the phosphorylation of MEK1/2 and ERK1/2 protein in cerebral arteries. By using U0126 could inhibit the phosphorylated ERK1/2 protein but not MEK1/2. Taken together, our data show that treatment with MEK1/2 pathway inhibitor offsets SHS exposure-induced ETA receptor upregulation in rat cerebral arteries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Cao
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Sweden; Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Na-Na Ping
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yong-Xiao Cao
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Wei Li
- Department of Hepatobiliary Surgery, First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China.
| | - Yan Cai
- Department of Pharmacology, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Xi'an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi'an, Shaanxi, China
| | - Karin Warfvinge
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Lars Edvinsson
- Division of Experimental Vascular Research, Institute of Clinical Sciences in Lund, Lund University, Sweden
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Li M, Guo L, Wang H, Wang T, Shen Y, Liao Z, Wen F, Chen L. RAGE-ligands axis: A new 'driving force' for cigarette smoke-induced airway inflammation in COPD? Respirology 2015; 20:998-9. [PMID: 25998568 DOI: 10.1111/resp.12557] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2014] [Revised: 02/12/2015] [Accepted: 03/06/2015] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) was recently shown to contribute to cigarette smoke (CS)-induced airway inflammation in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). In this study, RAGE small interfering ribonucleic acid (RNA) transfection attenuated increased messenger RNA levels of common RAGE ligands HMGB1, S100A8, S100A9 and S100A12, but not S100B following exposure to CS extract. Our findings and those from recent studies suggest a positive feedback involving RAGE and its ligands as a new 'driving force' for CS-induced airway inflammation in COPD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Min Li
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lingli Guo
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Hao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Yongchun Shen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Zenglin Liao
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Fuqiang Wen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
| | - Lei Chen
- Division of Pulmonary Diseases, State Key Laboratory of Biotherapy of China, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China.,Department of Respiratory Medicine, West China Hospital, West China School of Medicine, Sichuan University, Chengdu, Sichuan, China
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14
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Oxidative DNA damage is involved in cigarette smoke-induced lung injury in rats. Environ Health Prev Med 2015; 20:318-24. [PMID: 25967734 DOI: 10.1007/s12199-015-0469-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/05/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 10/23/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Reactive oxygen species (ROS) induced by exogenous toxicants are suggested to be involved in carcinogenesis by oxidative modification of DNA. 8-Hydroxyl-2-deoxyguanosine (8-OHdG) has been considered as a reliable biomarker for oxidative DNA damage both in vivo and in vitro studies. But the effect of smoking on oxidative damage has not yet been fully elucidated. METHODS Wistar rats were exposed to cigarette smoke at concentrations of 20 and 60 % for 30 min, twice/day for 45 weeks. Then the histopathology of lung tissues, levels of ROS, 8-OHdG, and total antioxidant (T-AOC), expression of DNA repair enzymes, e.g. 8-oxyguaine DNA glycosylase (OGG1), and MutThomolog 1 (Oxidized Purine Nucleoside Triphosphatase, MTH1) were determined in urine, peripheral blood lymphocytes, and lung tissue. RESULTS The results showed that long-term cigarette smoke exposure can cause obvious damages of lung tissue in rats. In addition, a significant and cigarette smoke concentration-dependent increase in ROS and 8-OHdG were observed compared with the non-exposed control rats. In contrast, the expression of OGG1 and MTH1, and T-AOC levels were obviously decreased after long-term exposure to cigarette smoke. CONCLUSION These findings indicate that long-term exposure to cigarette smoker increases ROS levels, decreases total antioxidant capacity, and interferes DNA repair capacity that eventually induces oxidative DNA damage, which appears to play an important role in cigarette smoke-induced lung injury in rats, and determination of 8-OHdG levels might be a useful method for monitoring oxidative damage in cigarette smokers.
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Bodine BG, Bennion BG, Leatham E, Jimenez FR, Wright AJ, Jergensen ZR, Erickson CJ, Jones CM, Johnson JP, Knapp SM, Reynolds PR. Conditionally induced RAGE expression by proximal airway epithelial cells in transgenic mice causes lung inflammation. Respir Res 2014; 15:133. [PMID: 25359169 PMCID: PMC4219035 DOI: 10.1186/s12931-014-0133-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/26/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Receptors for advanced glycation end-products (RAGE) are multiligand cell-surface receptors expressed abundantly by distal pulmonary epithelium. Our lab has discovered RAGE-mediated effects in the orchestration of lung inflammation induced by tobacco smoke and environmental pollutants; however, the specific contribution of RAGE to the progression of proximal airway inflammation is still inadequately characterized. Methods and results We generated a Tet-inducible transgenic mouse that conditionally overexpressed RAGE using the club cell (Clara) secretory protein (CCSP) promoter expressed by club (Clara) cells localized to the proximal airway. RAGE was induced for 40 days from weaning (20 days of age) until sacrifice date at 60 days. Immunohistochemistry, immunoblotting, and qPCR revealed significant RAGE up-regulation when compared to non-transgenic controls; however, H&E staining revealed no detectible morphological abnormalities and apoptosis was not enhanced during the 40 days of augmentation. Freshly procured bronchoalveolar lavage fluid (BALF) from CCSP-RAGE TG mice had significantly more total leukocytes and PMNs compared to age-matched control littermates. Furthermore, CCSP-RAGE TG mice expressed significantly more tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), interleukin 7 (IL-7), and interleukin 14 (IL-14) in whole lung homogenates compared to controls. Conclusions These data support the concept that RAGE up-regulation specifically in lung airways may function in the progression of proximal airway inflammation.
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Affiliation(s)
- B Garrett Bodine
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Brock G Bennion
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Emma Leatham
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Felix R Jimenez
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Alex J Wright
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Zac R Jergensen
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Connor J Erickson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Cameron M Jones
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Jeff P Johnson
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Steven M Knapp
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
| | - Paul R Reynolds
- Department of Physiology and Developmental Biology, Brigham Young University, 3054 Life Sciences Building, Provo, UT, 84602, USA.
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Li Y, Yang C, Ma G, Gu X, Chen M, Chen Y, Zhao B, Cui L, Li K. Association of polymorphisms of the receptor for advanced glycation end products gene with COPD in the Chinese population. DNA Cell Biol 2014; 33:251-8. [PMID: 24520905 DOI: 10.1089/dna.2013.2303] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE) is a cell surface molecule of the immunoglobulin superfamily that binds diverse endogenous ligands involved in the development of chronic diseases and inflammatory damage. A growing body of evidence has suggested that RAGE is involved in the development and progression of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). The present study investigated the existence of an association among three polymorphisms (-374T/A, -429T/C, and G82S) of the RAGE gene with the risk of COPD in the Chinese population. The RAGE genotypes were determined by polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism in 216 patients with COPD and 239 age-matched healthy individuals. Our study demonstrated that the frequencies of the GS genotype and the S allele in the G82S mutation were significantly higher in COPD patients than in controls (odds ratios [OR]=1.70, 95% confidence interval [CI]: 1.15-2.50, p=0.0098 and OR=1.42, 95% CI: 1.06-1.91, p=0.023, respectively). Further stratification analysis by smoking status revealed that the presence of the GS genotype conferred a higher risk of developing COPD in current smokers (p=0.044). In contrast, mutations at -374T/A and -429T/C did not demonstrate any association with COPD, even after taking into account the patients' smoking history. Our study provides preliminary evidence that the G82S polymorphism in the RAGE gene is associated with an increased risk of COPD and that the GS genotype of the G82S variant is a risk factor for COPD in the Chinese population.
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Affiliation(s)
- You Li
- 1 Guangdong Key Laboratory of Age-Related Cardiac and Cerebral Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Guangdong Medical College , Zhanjiang, China
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KIM YONGSIK, JUNG HANA, ZERIN TAMANNA, SONG HOYEON. Protein profiling of paraquat-exposed rat lungs following treatment with Acai (Euterpe oleracea Mart.) berry extract. Mol Med Rep 2013; 7:881-6. [DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2013.1259] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2012] [Accepted: 11/06/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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Chen L, Liu L, Wang T, Shen YC, Wen FQ. Receptor for Advanced Glycation End Products: A New Theraputic Target for Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease? Arch Med Res 2013; 44:75-6. [DOI: 10.1016/j.arcmed.2012.12.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2012] [Accepted: 12/05/2012] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Sukkar MB, Ullah MA, Gan WJ, Wark PAB, Chung KF, Hughes JM, Armour CL, Phipps S. RAGE: a new frontier in chronic airways disease. Br J Pharmacol 2012; 167:1161-76. [PMID: 22506507 PMCID: PMC3504985 DOI: 10.1111/j.1476-5381.2012.01984.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 69] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/13/2012] [Revised: 02/13/2012] [Accepted: 02/22/2012] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Asthma and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) are heterogeneous inflammatory disorders of the respiratory tract characterized by airflow obstruction. It is now clear that the environmental factors that drive airway pathology in asthma and COPD, including allergens, viruses, ozone and cigarette smoke, activate innate immune receptors known as pattern-recognition receptors, either directly or indirectly by causing the release of endogenous ligands. Thus, there is now intense research activity focused around understanding the mechanisms by which pattern-recognition receptors sustain the airway inflammatory response, and how these mechanisms might be targeted therapeutically. One pattern-recognition receptor that has recently come to attention in chronic airways disease is the receptor for advanced glycation end products (RAGE). RAGE is a member of the immunoglobulin superfamily of cell surface receptors that recognizes pathogen- and host-derived endogenous ligands to initiate the immune response to tissue injury, infection and inflammation. Although the role of RAGE in lung physiology and pathophysiology is not well understood, recent genome-wide association studies have linked RAGE gene polymorphisms with airflow obstruction. In addition, accumulating data from animal and clinical investigations reveal increased expression of RAGE and its ligands, together with reduced expression of soluble RAGE, an endogenous inhibitor of RAGE signalling, in chronic airways disease. In this review, we discuss recent studies of the ligand-RAGE axis in asthma and COPD, highlight important areas for future research and discuss how this axis might potentially be harnessed for therapeutic benefit in these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria B Sukkar
- School of Pharmacy, The University of Technology SydneyNSW, Australia
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of SydneyNSW, Australia
| | - Md Ashik Ullah
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of SydneyNSW, Australia
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of QueenslandQld, Australia
| | - Wan Jun Gan
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of QueenslandQld, Australia
| | - Peter AB Wark
- Centre for Asthma and Respiratory Disease, Hunter Medical Research Institute, University of NewcastleNSW, Australia
- Department of Respiratory and Sleep Medicine, John Hunter HospitalNSW, Australia
| | - Kian Fan Chung
- Airways Disease Section, National Heart and Lung Institute, Imperial College LondonLondon, UK
| | | | - Carol L Armour
- Woolcock Institute of Medical Research, Sydney Medical School, The University of SydneyNSW, Australia
| | - Simon Phipps
- School of Biomedical Sciences and Australian Infectious Diseases Research Centre, The University of QueenslandQld, Australia
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Stogsdill JA, Stogsdill MP, Porter JL, Hancock JM, Robinson AB, Reynolds PR. Embryonic Overexpression of Receptors for Advanced Glycation End-Products by Alveolar Epithelium Induces an Imbalance between Proliferation and Apoptosis. Am J Respir Cell Mol Biol 2012; 47:60-6. [DOI: 10.1165/rcmb.2011-0385oc] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
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