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Liang Y, Liang L, Shi R, Luo R, Yue Y, Yu J, Wang X, Lin J, Zhou T, Yang M, Zhong L, Wang Y, Shu Z. Genus Physalis L.: A review of resources and cultivation, chemical composition, pharmacological effects and applications. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2024; 324:117736. [PMID: 38242219 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2024.117736] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2023] [Revised: 12/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/07/2024] [Indexed: 01/21/2024]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE The genus Physalis L. (Solanaceae) is commonly used in the treatment of dermatitis, leprosy, bronchitis, pneumonia, hepatitis and rheumatism in China and other Asian countries. AIM OF THE REVIEW This article reviews the resources, cultivation, phytochemistry, pharmacological properties, and applications of Physalis L., and proposes further research strategies to enhance its therapeutic potential in treating various human diseases. MATERIALS AND METHODS We conducted a systematic search of electronic databases, including CNKI, SciFinder and PubMed, using the term "Physalis L." to collect information on the resources, phytochemistry, pharmacological activities, and applications of Physalis L. in China during the past ten years (2013.1-2023.1). RESULTS So far, a variety of chemical constituents have been isolated and identified from Physalis L. mainly including steroids, flavonoids, and so on. Various pharmacological activities were evaluated by studying different extracts of Physalis L., these activities include anti-inflammatory, antibacterial, antioxidant, antiviral, antineoplastic, and other aspects. CONCLUSION Physalis L. occupies an important position in the traditional medical system. It is cost-effective and is a significant plant with therapeutic applications in modern medicine. However, further in-depth studies are needed to determine the medical use of this plant resources and cultivation, chemical composition, pharmacological effects and applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yefang Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Lanyuan Liang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Ruixiang Shi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Rongfeng Luo
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yimin Yue
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiamin Yu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Xiao Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Jiazi Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Tong Zhou
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Mengru Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Luyang Zhong
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Yi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
| | - Zunpeng Shu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Guangdong Pharmaceutical University, Guangzhou, 510006, China.
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Novitasari A, Rohmawaty E, Rosdianto AM. Physalis angulata Linn. as a medicinal plant (Review). Biomed Rep 2024; 20:47. [PMID: 38357237 PMCID: PMC10865294 DOI: 10.3892/br.2024.1735] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/05/2024] [Indexed: 02/16/2024] Open
Abstract
There are numerous medicinal benefits from herbal plants, with many herbal medicines being used as 'Jamu', 'standardized herbal medicines' and phytopharmaceuticals. Physalis angulata Linn. (P. angulata L.), a plant utilized for both medicinal and food consumption purposes in a number of tropical and subtropical nations, is widely studied for its beneficial properties. The present review summarized the scientific evidence which suggested that P. angulata L. possesses antibacterial, anticancer, antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antifibrotic and antidiabetic properties. Furthermore, the various pharmacological studies that have been conducted utilizing in vivo and in vitro models, as well as the identification of phytochemical components with therapeutic value are described. In addition, the present review explained the solvents and the toxicity tests that were used for the investigation of P. angulata L. The authors aspire that this literature review will provide an overview for researchers regarding the scientific progress of P. angulata L. over the past ten years and the potential areas of future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ariyani Novitasari
- Magister Program of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Enny Rohmawaty
- Division of Pharmacology and Therapy, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia
| | - Aziiz M Rosdianto
- Veterinary Medicine Program, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Sumedang, West Java 45363, Indonesia
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Wang P, Yang XM, Hu ZX, Li YN, Yang J, Hao XJ, Yuan CM, Yi P. UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS-Guided Isolation of Bioactive Withanolides from the Fruits of Physalis angulata. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2023; 71:16581-16592. [PMID: 37897427 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.3c04311] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/30/2023]
Abstract
Physalis angulata Linn. is an exotic Amazonian fruit that is commonly recognized as wild tomato, winter cherry, and gooseberry. While its fruit is known to contain many nutrients, such as minerals, fibers, and vitamins, few papers have investigated withanolide derivatives from its fruits. UPLC-Q-Orbitrap-MS/MS, which produces fragmentation spectra, was applied for the first time to guide the isolation of bioactive withanolide derivatives from P. angulata fruits. As a result, twenty-six withanolide derivatives, including two novel 1,10-secowithanolides (1 and 2) and a new derivative (3), were obtained. Compounds 1 and 2 are rare rearranged 1,10-secowithanolides with a tetracyclic 7/6/6/5 ring system. All structures were assigned through various spectroscopic data and quantum chemical calculations. Nine withanolide derivatives exhibited significant inhibitory effects on three tumor cell lines with IC50 values of 0.51-13.79 μM. Moreover, three new compounds (1-3) exhibited potential nitric oxide inhibitory effects in lipopolysaccharide-stimulated RAW264.7 cells (IC50: 7.51-61.8 μM). This investigation indicated that fruits of P. angulata could be applied to treat and prevent cancer and inflammatory-related diseases due to their potent active withanolide derivatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Wang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Meng Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhan-Xing Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ya-Nan Li
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Jue Yang
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiao-Jiang Hao
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- State Key Laboratory of Phytochemistry and Plant Resources in West China, Kunming Institute of Botany, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Kunming 650201, People's Republic of China
| | - Chun-Mao Yuan
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
| | - Ping Yi
- State Key Laboratory of Functions and Applications of Medicinal Plants, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Guizhou Medical University, Guiyang 550025, People's Republic of China
- Natural Products Research Center of Guizhou Province, Guiyang 550014, People's Republic of China
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Meira CS, Soares JWC, Dos Reis BPZC, Pacheco LV, Santos IP, Silva DKC, de Lacerda JC, Daltro SRT, Guimarães ET, Soares MBP. Therapeutic Applications of Physalins: Powerful Natural Weapons. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:864714. [PMID: 35450054 PMCID: PMC9016203 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.864714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Physalins, or 16,24-cyclo-13,14-seco steroids, are compounds belonging to the class of withanolides that can be found in plants of Solanaceae family, mainly in species belonging to the genus Physalis spp., which are annual herbaceous plants widely distributed in tropical and subtropical regions of the world. Physalins are versatile molecules that act in several cell signaling pathways and activate different mechanisms of cell death or immunomodulation. A number of studies have shown a variety of actions of these compounds, including anticancer, anti-inflammatory, antiparasitic, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, and antiviral activities. Here we reviewed the main findings related to the anticancer, immunomodulatory, and antiparasitic activities of physalins and its mechanisms of action, highlighting the \challenges and future directions in the pharmacological application of physalins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Santana Meira
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Julia Costa de Lacerda
- Bahiana School of Medicine and Public Health, Bahiana Foundation for the Development of Sciences, Salvador, Brazil
| | | | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil.,Department of Life Sciences, State University of Bahia (UNEB), Salvador, Brazil
| | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- SENAI Institute of Innovation in Health Advanced Systems (CIMATEC ISI SAS), University Center SENAI/CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil.,Gonçalo Moniz Institute, Oswaldo Cruz Foundation (IGM-FIOCRUZ/BA), Salvador, Brazil
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BARRETO ANNAL, ALONSO ARIADNEN, MORAES DANIELCDE, CURVELO JOSÉA, MIRANDA KILDARE, PORTELA MARISTELAB, FERREIRA-PEREIRA ANTÔNIO, SOUTO-PADRÓN THAIS, SOARES ROSANGELAMARIADEA. Anti-Leishmania amazonensis activity of the marine sponge Dercitus (Stoeba) latex (Porifera) from São Pedro and São Paulo Archipelago, Pernambuco, Brazil. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2022; 94:e20211090. [DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202220211090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2021] [Accepted: 11/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- ANNA L.S. BARRETO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Instituto Brasileiro de Medicina de Reabilitação (IBMR), Brazil
| | - ARIADNE N. ALONSO
- Universidade Federal do Rio de Janeiro, Brazil; Laboratório Richet Medicina Diagnóstica, Brazil
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Physalin pool from Physalis angulata L. leaves and physalin D inhibit P2X7 receptor function in vitro and acute lung injury in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2021; 142:112006. [PMID: 34392085 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2021.112006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/26/2021] [Revised: 07/14/2021] [Accepted: 08/01/2021] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
P2X7 receptor promotes inflammatory response and neuropathic pain. New drugs capable of impairing inflammation and pain-reducing adverse effects extracted from plant extracts have been studied. Physalis angulate L. possesses traditional uses and exhibits antiparasitic, anti-inflammatory, antimicrobial, antinociceptive, antimalarial, antileishmanial, immunosuppressive, antiasthmatic. diuretic, and antitumor activities. The most representative phytochemical constituents identified with medicinal importance are the physalins and withanolides. However, the mechanism of anti-inflammatory action is scarce. Although some physalins and withanolides subtypes have anti-inflammatory activity, only four physalins subtypes (B, D, F, and G) have further studies. Therefore, we evaluated the crude ethanolic extract enriched with physalins B, D, F, and G from P. angulata leaves, a pool containing the physalins B, D, F, G, and the physalins individually, as P2X7 receptor antagonists. For this purpose, we evaluated ATP-induced dye uptake, macroscopic currents, and interleukin 1-β (IL-1β) in vitro. The crude extract and pool dose-dependently inhibited P2X7 receptor function. Thus, physalin B, D, F, and G individually evaluated for 5'-triphosphate (ATP)-induced dye uptake assay, whole-cell patch-clamp, and cytokine release showed distinct antagonist levels. Physalin D displayed higher potency and efficacy than physalin B, F, and G for all these parameters. In vivo mice model as ATP-induced paw edema was potently inhibited for physalin D, in contrast to physalin B, F, and G. ATP and lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced pleurisy in mice were reversed for physalin D treatment. Molecular modeling and computational simulation predicted the intermolecular interactions between the P2X7 receptor and physalin derivatives. In silico results indicated physalin D and F as a potent allosteric P2X7 receptor antagonist. These data confirm physalin D as a promisor source for developing a new P2X7 receptor antagonist with anti-inflammatory action.
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7
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Vieceli PS, Juiz PJL, Lauria PSS, Couto RD, Tomassini TCB, Ribeiro IM, Soares MBP, Villarreal CF. Physalis angulata reduces the progression of chronic experimental periodontitis by immunomodulatory mechanisms. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2021; 273:113986. [PMID: 33675915 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2021.113986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2020] [Revised: 02/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/25/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Physalis angulata is an herb found in tropical and subtropical regions of the world; it is widely applied in popular medicine due to the therapeutic properties of the whole plant and its parts. Extracts and infusions of this plant have been extensively applied in folk medicine worldwide to treat inflammatory and immune-mediated diseases, including oral inflammatory conditions such as sore throat and gingivitis. AIM OF THE STUDY The present study was designed to investigate the protective effects of the ethanolic extract of P. angulata (EEPA) in a murine model of chronic periodontitis, aiming to corroborate its traditional use as an anti-inflammatory and immunomodulatory agent, and to point out possible mechanisms involved in these effects. MATERIALS AND METHODS EEPA was obtained from the stems of P. angulata collected in Belém (PA, Brazil). Chronic periodontitis was induced in male C57BL/6 mice by 12 administrations of lipopolysaccharide (LPS; 20 μg/1μL) into the gingival papilla in the course of 28 days. Starting from the 15th day after the first LPS injection, mice were daily treated with EEPA (50 or 100 mg/kg), nimesulide (25 mg/kg, reference drug), or vehicle by oral route for 14 days. At the end of the experimental period, alveolar bone loss was evaluated along with the gingival expression of biomarkers of periodontitis and cytokines by RT-q-PCR and ELISA. Hematological and biochemical parameters suggestive of systemic toxicity were also evaluated. The transcriptional activity of NF-κB was investigated using the luciferase assay in macrophages. RESULTS Mice with chronic experimental periodontitis suffered alveolar bone loss that was prevented by the treatment with EEPA (50 or 100 mg/kg) or nimesulide (25 mg/kg). EEPA (50 and 100 mg/kg) and nimesulide (25 mg/kg) reduced mRNA levels of MMP-9 mRNA, but not of TIMP-1 in gingival tissue of periodontitis-induced mice. Both treatments also reduced the production of the pro-inflammatory cytokines IL-1β and IL-6. The treatment with EEPA (100 mg/kg) increased the production of the anti-inflammatory cytokine TGF-β. No hematological or biochemical alterations were caused by the daily treatment with EEPA. In vitro luciferase assay suggested that a putative mechanism of EEPA is reducing the transcriptional activity of NF-κB. CONCLUSIONS EEPA exhibited a disease-modifying effect in the chronic experimental periodontitis, along with unidentifiable systemic toxicity. This work corroborates the traditional use of P. angulata in oral inflammatory conditions and provides mechanistic hypotheses to explain its therapeutic effects.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristiane Flora Villarreal
- College of Pharmacy, Federal University of Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Gonçalo Moniz Institute, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil.
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8
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Daltro SRT, Santos IP, Barros PL, Moreira DRM, Tomassini TCB, Ribeiro IM, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Meira CS, Soares MBP. In vitro and In Vivo Immunomodulatory Activity of Physalis angulata Concentrated Ethanolic Extract. PLANTA MEDICA 2021; 87:160-168. [PMID: 32937664 DOI: 10.1055/a-1237-4268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The need for new immunomodulatory drugs is due to the side effects associated with the prolonged use of the currently used immunomodulatory drugs. In this context, the present work aimed to investigate the immunomodulatory effect of an ethanolic concentrated extract from Physalis angulata. The cytotoxicity of samples was determined using peritoneal macrophages though the Alamar Blue assay. The immunomodulatory activity of the ethanolic extract from P. angulata on activated macrophages was determined by measurement of nitrite and cytokine production. The immunosuppressive effects of the ethanolic extract from P. angulata was evaluated on lymphocyte proliferation and cytokine production. The effects of the extract on cell cycle progression and cell death on lymphocytes were evaluated by flow cytometry. Lastly, the ethanolic extract from P. angulata was tested in vivo in toxicological tests and in models of peritonitis and delayed-type hypersensitivity response. The ethanolic extract from P. angulata decreased nitrite, interleukin-6, interleukin-12, and TNF-α production by activated macrophages without affecting the cell viability. In addition, the ethanolic extract from P. angulata inhibited lymphoproliferation and the secretion of interleukin-2, interleukin-6, and IFN-γ, and increased interleukin-4 secretion by activated splenocytes. Flow cytometry analysis in lymphocyte cultures showed that treatment with the ethanolic extract from P. angulata induces cell cycle arrest in the G1 phase followed by cell death by apoptosis. Moreover, mice treated with the extract from P. angulata at 100 or 200 mg/kg did not show signs of toxicity or alterations in serum components. Finally, the ethanolic extract from P. angulata significantly reduced neutrophil migration and reduced paw edema in bovine serum albumin-induced the delayed-type hypersensitivity response model. Our results demonstrate the potential of the ethanolic extract of P. angulata as an alternative for the treatment of immune-inflammatory diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paula Ladeia Barros
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | - Therezinha Coelho Barbosa Tomassini
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Ivone Maria Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Cássio Santana Meira
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz (FIOCRUZ), Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
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Gervazoni LFO, Barcellos GB, Ferreira-Paes T, Almeida-Amaral EE. Use of Natural Products in Leishmaniasis Chemotherapy: An Overview. Front Chem 2020; 8:579891. [PMID: 33330368 PMCID: PMC7732490 DOI: 10.3389/fchem.2020.579891] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2020] [Accepted: 10/07/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Leishmaniasis is an infectious parasitic disease that is caused by protozoa of the genus Leishmania, a member of the Trypanosomatidae family. Leishmaniasis is classified by the World Health Organization as a neglected tropical disease that is responsible for millions of deaths worldwide. Although there are many possible treatments for leishmaniasis, these treatments remain mostly ineffective, expensive, and long treatment, as well as causing side effects and leading to the development of resistance. For novel and effective treatments to combat leishmaniasis, many research groups have sought to utilize natural products. In addition to exhibiting potential as therapeutic compounds, natural products may also contribute to the development of new drugs based on their chemical structures. This review presents the most promising natural products, including crude extracts and isolated compounds, employed against Leishmania spp.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luiza F O Gervazoni
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Gabrielle B Barcellos
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Taiana Ferreira-Paes
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
| | - Elmo E Almeida-Amaral
- Laboratório de Bioquímica de Tripanosomatideos, Instituto Oswaldo Cruz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Rio de Janeiro, Brazil
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do Espírito Santo RF, Lima MDS, Juiz PJL, Opretzka LCF, Nogueira RC, Ribeiro IM, Tomassini TCB, Soares MBP, Villarreal CF. Physalis angulata concentrated ethanolic extract suppresses nociception and inflammation by modulating cytokines and prostanoids pathways. Nat Prod Res 2019; 35:4675-4679. [DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2019.1705812] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Paulo José Lima Juiz
- Centro de Ciência e Tecnologia em Energia e Sustentabilidade, Universidade Federal do Recôncavo da Bahia, Feira de Santana, Brazil
| | | | | | | | | | | | - Cristiane Flora Villarreal
- Faculdade de Farmácia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
- Instituto Gonçalo Moniz, FIOCRUZ, Salvador, Brazil
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11
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Yen PH, Cuong LCV, Dat TTH, Thuy DTQ, Hoa DTN, Cuc NT, Yen DTH, Thao DT, Anh HLT. Withanolides from the whole plant of Physalis angulata
and their anti-inflammatory activities. VIETNAM JOURNAL OF CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/vjch.201900031] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Pham Hai Yen
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Thua Thien Hue; Viet Nam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology; VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Le Canh Viet Cuong
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Thua Thien Hue; Viet Nam
| | - Ton That Huu Dat
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Thua Thien Hue; Viet Nam
| | | | - Dang Thi Ngoc Hoa
- Faculty of Basic Sciences; Hue University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Thua Thien Hue province; Viet Nam
| | - Nguyen Thi Cuc
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Duong Thi Hai Yen
- Institute of Marine Biochemistry; VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Do Thi Thao
- Institute of Biotechnology; VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
| | - Hoang Le Tuan Anh
- Mientrung Institute for Scientific Research; Vietnam Academy of Science and Technology (VAST), Thua Thien Hue; Viet Nam
- Graduate University of Science and Technology; VAST, 18 Hoang Quoc Viet, Cau Giay; Hanoi Viet Nam
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12
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Lu J, Xu M, Cai J, Yu D, Meng Y, Wang H. Transcriptome-wide identification of microRNAs and functional insights inferred from microRNA-target pairs in Physalis angulata L. PLANT SIGNALING & BEHAVIOR 2019; 14:1629267. [PMID: 31184247 PMCID: PMC6619950 DOI: 10.1080/15592324.2019.1629267] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2019] [Revised: 05/27/2019] [Accepted: 06/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Physalis angulata L., a member of the family Solanaceae, is widely used as the folk medicine in various countries. Continuous research efforts are devoted to the discovery of the effective medicinal ingredients from Physalis angulata. However, due to the limited resources of genome and transcriptome sequencing data, only a few studies have been performed at the gene regulatory level. In this study, the transcriptomes of five organs (roots, stems, leaves, flowers and fruits) of Physalis angulata were reported. Based on the transcriptome assembly containing 196,117 unique transcripts, a total of 17,556 SSRs (simple sequence repeats) were identified, which could be useful RNA-based barcoding for discrimination of the plants closely relative to Physalis angulata. Additionally, 24 transcripts were discovered to be the potential microRNA (miRNA) precursors which encode a total of 31 distinct mature miRNAs. Some of these precursors showed organ-specific expression patterns. Target prediction revealed 116 miRNA-target pairs, involving 31 miRNAs and 83 target transcripts in Physalis angulata. Taken together, our results could serve as the data resource for in-depth studies on the molecular regulatory mechanisms related to the production of medicinal ingredients in Physalis angulata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiangjie Lu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Min Xu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Jiahui Cai
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Dongliang Yu
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yijun Meng
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Huizhong Wang
- College of Life and Environmental Sciences, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
- Zhejiang Provincial Key Laboratory for Genetic Improvement and Quality Control of Medicinal Plants, Hangzhou Normal University, Hangzhou, China
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Mixture design and Doehlert matrix for optimization of the ultrasonic assisted extraction of caffeic acid, rutin, catechin and trans-cinnamic acid in Physalis angulata L. and determination by HPLC DAD. Microchem J 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.microc.2018.04.035] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Da Silva BJM, Pereira SWG, Rodrigues APD, Do Nascimento JLM, Silva EO. In vitro antileishmanial effects of Physalis angulata root extract on Leishmania infantum. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 16:404-410. [PMID: 30195443 DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.08.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/27/2018] [Accepted: 05/14/2018] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE In the present study, we evaluated the effects of the aqueous extract of Physalis angulata root (AEPa) on Leishmania infantum proliferation, morphology, and the driving mechanism in leishmanicidal activity and modulatory action on macrophages. METHODS L. infantum promastigotes were treated with 50 and 100 µg/mL AEPa for 72 h and then antipromastigote assay was performed by counts in a Newbauer chamber, morphological changes were analyzed by transmission electron microscopy and the mechanism of the leishmanicidal activity was detected. In addition, macrophages were infected with L. infantum and were used to evaluate anti-amastigote activity of AEPa and effects of AEPa on cytokine secretion after 72-hour treatment. RESULTS Treatment with AEPa reduced the numbers of L. infantum promastigotes (50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) = 65.9 μg/mL; selectivity index (SI) = 22.1) and amastigotes (IC50 = 37.9 μg/mL; SI = 38.5) compared with the untreated control. Amphotericin B reduced 100% of the promastigote numbers after 72 h of treatment (IC50 = 0.2 μg/mL). AEPa induced several morphological changes and increased the production of reactive oxygen species and apoptotic death in promastigotes after treating for 72 h. AEPa (100 μg/mL) promoted tumor necrosis factor-α secretion in macrophages infected with L. infantum after 72 h of treatment, but did not induce an increase in this cytokine in noninfected macrophages. In addition, AEPa showed no cytotoxic effect on J774-A1 cells (50% cytotoxic concentration >1000 μg/mL). CONCLUSION AEPa presented antileishmanial activity against the promastigotes and amastigotes of L. infantum without macrophage cytotoxicity; these results show that natural products such as P. angulata have leishmanicidal potential and in the future may be an alternative treatment for leishmaniasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bruno José Martins Da Silva
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging (INCT-INBEB), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil
| | - Sandro Wilson Gomes Pereira
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil
| | - Ana Paula Drummond Rodrigues
- Laboratory of Electron Microscopy, Department of Health Surveillance, Ministry of Health, Evandro Chagas Institute, Belém, Pará 66087-082, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Martins Do Nascimento
- Laboratory of Molecular and Cellular Neurochemistry, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Neuroimmunomodulation (INCT-NIM), Rio de Janeiro 21040-360, Brazil
| | - Edilene Oliveira Silva
- Laboratory of Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Pará 66075-110, Brazil; National Institute of Science and Technology in Structural Biology and Bioimaging (INCT-INBEB), Rio de Janeiro 21941-901, Brazil.
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Da Silva BJM, Hage AAP, Silva EO, Rodrigues APD. Medicinal plants from the Brazilian Amazonian region and their antileishmanial activity: a review. JOURNAL OF INTEGRATIVE MEDICINE-JIM 2018; 16:211-222. [DOI: 10.1016/j.joim.2018.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2017] [Accepted: 04/07/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
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Arévalo-Lopéz D, Nina N, Ticona JC, Limachi I, Salamanca E, Udaeta E, Paredes C, Espinoza B, Serato A, Garnica D, Limachi A, Coaquira D, Salazar S, Flores N, Sterner O, Giménez A. Leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity from plants used in Tacana traditional medicine (Bolivia). JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 216:120-133. [PMID: 29391199 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.01.023] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/05/2017] [Revised: 01/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/19/2018] [Indexed: 05/27/2023]
Abstract
ETNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Thirty-eight Tacana medicinal plant species used to treat skin problems, including leishmania ulcers, skin infections, inflammation and wound healing, were collected in the community of Buena Vista, Bolivia, with the Tacana people. Twenty two species are documented for the first time as medicinal plants for this ethnic group living in the northern area of the Department of La Paz. AIM OF THE STUDY To evaluate the leishmanicidal effect (IC50) and cytotoxicity (LD50) of the selected plants. To carry out bioguided studies on the active extracts. To assess the potential of Bolivian plant biodiversity associated with traditional knowledge in the discovery of alternative sources to fight leishmaniasis. MATERIALS AND METHODS Seventy three ethanol extracts were prepared from 38 species by maceration and were evaluated in vitro against promastigotes of Leishmania amazonensis and L. braziliensis. Active extracts (IC50 ≤ 50 μg/mL) were fractionated by chromatography on Silica gel column and the fractions were assessed against the two Leishmania strains. The most active fractions and the crude extracts were evaluated against reference strains of L. amazonensis, L. braziliensis, L. aethiopica, two native strains (L. Lainsoni and L. braziliensis) and for cytotoxicity against HeLa cells. The chromatographic profile of the active fractions was obtained by reverse phase chromatography using HPLC. RESULTS From the 73 extracts, 39 extracts (53.4%) were inactive and 34 showed activity. Thirteen species were sselected for bioguided studies. The crude extracts and their 36 fractions were evaluated against two Leishmania strains. The most active fraction were tested in a panel of five leishmania strains and for cytotoxicity. The Selective Index (SI = LD50/IC50) was calculated, and were generally low. Retention time and UV spectra were recorded for the active fractions by HPLC-DAD using a reverse phase column. Profiles were very different from each other, showing the presence of different compounds. CONCLUSION Bolivian traditional knowledge from the Tacanba was useful to identify plants with effect on Leishmania promastigotes. Chromatographic bioguided studies showed stronger leishmanicidal and cytotoxic activity for the medium polar fraction. HPLC analysis showed different chromatographic profiles of the active fractions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Diandra Arévalo-Lopéz
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Nélida Nina
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Juan C Ticona
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Ivan Limachi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia; Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Efrain Salamanca
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Enrique Udaeta
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Crispin Paredes
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Boris Espinoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Alcides Serato
- Consejo Indigena de Pueblos Tacana (CIPTA), Tumupasa, Provincia Abel Iturralde, Department of La Paz, Bolivia
| | - David Garnica
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Abigail Limachi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Dayana Coaquira
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Sarah Salazar
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Ninoska Flores
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Olov Sterner
- Center for Analysis and Synthesis, Department of Chemistry, Lund University, Sweden
| | - Alberto Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés (UMSA), Av. Saavedra No 2224, Miraflores, La Paz, Bolivia.
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Ullah N, Nadhman A, Siddiq S, Mehwish S, Islam A, Jafri L, Hamayun M. Plants as Antileishmanial Agents: Current Scenario. Phytother Res 2016; 30:1905-1925. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Nazif Ullah
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan Pakistan
| | - Akhtar Nadhman
- Sulaiman Bin Abdullah Aba Al Khail Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences (SA-CIRBS); International Islamic University; Islamabad 44000 Pakistan
| | - Sumaira Siddiq
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan Pakistan
| | - Shaila Mehwish
- Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University Mardan; Mardan Pakistan
| | - Arshad Islam
- Laboratório de Immunopatologia, Núcleo de Pesquisa em Ciências Biológicas, (NUPEB), Programa de Pós-graduação em Ciências Biológicas; Universidade Federal de Ouro Preto; Ouro Preto Minas Gerais 35.400-000 Brazil
| | - Laila Jafri
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Sciences; Bahauddin Zakariya University; Multan Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Hamayun
- Department of Botany, Faculty of Chemical and Life Sciences; Abdul Wali Khan University; Mardan Pakistan
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Da Silva B, Da Silva R, Rodrigues A, Farias L, Do Nascimento J, Silva E. Physalis angulata induces death of promastigotes and amastigotes of Leishmania ( Leishmania ) amazonensis via the generation of reactive oxygen species. Micron 2016; 82:25-32. [DOI: 10.1016/j.micron.2015.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2015] [Revised: 11/13/2015] [Accepted: 12/05/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Leishmanicidal Activity of (+)-Phyllanthidine and the Phytochemical Profile of Margaritaria nobilis (Phyllanthaceae). Molecules 2015; 20:22157-69. [PMID: 26690400 PMCID: PMC6332510 DOI: 10.3390/molecules201219829] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 11/26/2015] [Accepted: 11/27/2015] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
The effects of the Securinega alkaloid (+)-phyllanthidine on Leishmania (L.) amazonensis and the first chemical investigation of Margaritaria nobilis L.f. (Phyllanthaceae) are described. Treating the parasites with this alkaloid caused a dose-dependent reduction in promastigote growth of 67.68% (IC50 82.37 μg/mL or 353 µM) and in amastigote growth of 83.96% (IC50 49.11 μg/mL or 210 µM), together with ultrastructural alterations in the promastigotes. No cytotoxic effect was detected in mammalian cells (CC50 1727.48 µg/mL or CC50 5268 µM). Classical chromatographic techniques and spectral methods led to the isolation and identification of betulinic acid, kaempferol, corilagin, gallic acid and its methyl ester, besides (+)-phyllanthidine from M. nobilis leaves and stems. Margaritaria nobilis is another source of the small group of Securinega alkaloids, together with other Phyllanthaceae (Euphorbiaceae s.l.) species. The low toxicity to macrophages and the effects against promastigotes and amastigotes are suggestive that (+)-phyllanthidine could be a promising antileishmanial agent for treating cutaneous leishmaniasis.
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Meira CS, Guimarães ET, Dos Santos JAF, Moreira DRM, Nogueira RC, Tomassini TCB, Ribeiro IM, de Souza CVC, Ribeiro Dos Santos R, Soares MBP. In vitro and in vivo antiparasitic activity of Physalis angulata L. concentrated ethanolic extract against Trypanosoma cruzi. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2015; 22:969-974. [PMID: 26407938 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2015.07.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/23/2015] [Revised: 07/03/2015] [Accepted: 07/06/2015] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The current treatment of Chagas disease, endemic in Latin America and emerging in several countries, is limited by the frequent side effects and variable efficacy of benznidazole. Natural products are an important source for the search for new drugs. AIM/HYPOTHESIS Considering the great potential of natural products as antiparasitic agents, we investigated the anti-Trypanosoma cruzi activity of a concentrated ethanolic extract of Physalis angulata (EEPA). METHODS Cytotoxicity to mammalian cells was determined using mouse peritoneal macrophages. The antiparasitic activity was evaluated against axenic epimastigote and bloodstream trypomastigote forms of T. cruzi, and against amastigote forms using T. cruzi-infected macrophages. Cell death mechanism was determined in trypomastigotes by flow cytometry analysis after annexin V and propidium iodide staining. The efficacy of EEPA was examined in vivo in an acute model of infection by monitoring blood parasitaemia and survival rate 30 days after treatment. The effect against trypomastigotes of EEPA and benznidazole acting in combination was evaluated. RESULTS EEPA effectively inhibits the epimastigote growth (IC50 2.9 ± 0.1 µM) and reduces bloodstream trypomastigote viability (EC50 1.7 ± 0.5 µM). It causes parasite cell death by necrosis. EEPA impairs parasite infectivity as well as amastigote development in concentrations noncytotoxic to mammalian cells. In mice acutely-infected with T. cruzi, EEPA reduced the blood parasitaemia in 72.7%. When combined with benznidazole, EEPA showed a synergistic anti-T. cruzi activity, displaying CI values of 0.8 ± 0.07 at EC50 and 0.83 ± 0.1 at EC90. CONCLUSION EEPA has antiparasitic activity against T. cruzi, causing cell death by necrosis and showing synergistic activity with benznidazole. These findings were reinforced by the observed efficacy of EEPA in reducing parasite load in T. cruzi-mice. Therefore, this represents an important source of antiparasitic natural products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cássio Santana Meira
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Elisalva Teixeira Guimarães
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | - Jamyle Andrade Ferreira Dos Santos
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Universidade do Estado da Bahia, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil
| | | | | | | | - Ivone Maria Ribeiro
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | - Claudia Valeria Campos de Souza
- Laboratório de Química de Produtos Naturais-PN2-Extração, Isolamento e Purificação, Farmanguinhos-Fiocruz, Rio de Janeiro, RJ, Brazil
| | | | - Milena Botelho Pereira Soares
- Centro de Pesquisas Gonçalo Moniz, Fundação Oswaldo Cruz, Salvador, Bahia, Brazil; Centro de Biotecnologia e Terapia Celular, Hospital São Rafael, Salvador, BA, Brazil.
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Immucillins Impair Leishmania (L.) infantum chagasi and Leishmania (L.) amazonensis Multiplication In Vitro. PLoS One 2015; 10:e0124183. [PMID: 25909893 PMCID: PMC4409337 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0124183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Chemotherapy against visceral leishmaniasis is associated with high toxicity and drug resistance. Leishmania parasites are purine auxotrophs that obtain their purines from exogenous sources. Nucleoside hydrolases release purines from nucleosides and are drug targets for anti-leishmanial drugs, absent in mammal cells. We investigated the substrate specificity of the Leishmania (L.) donovani recombinant nucleoside hydrolase NH36 and the inhibitory effect of the immucillins IA (ImmA), DIA (DADMe-ImmA), DIH (DADMe-ImmH), SMIH (SerMe-ImmH), IH (ImmH), DIG (DADMe-ImmG), SMIG (SerMe-ImmG) and SMIA (SerME-ImmA) on its enzymatic activity. The inhibitory effects of immucillins on the in vitro multiplication of L. (L.) infantum chagasi and L. (L.) amazonensis promastigotes were determined using 0.05–500 μM and, when needed, 0.01–50 nM of each drug. The inhibition on multiplication of L. (L.) infantum chagasi intracellular amastigotes in vitro was assayed using 0.5, 1, 5 and 10 μM of IA, IH and SMIH. The NH36 shows specificity for inosine, guanosine, adenosine, uridine and cytidine with preference for adenosine and inosine. IA, IH, DIH, DIG, SMIH and SMIG immucillins inhibited L. (L.) infantum chagasi and L. (L.) amazonensis promastigote growth in vitro at nanomolar to micromolar concentrations. Promastigote replication was also inhibited in a chemically defined medium without a nucleoside source. Addition of adenosine decreases the immucillin toxicity. IA and IH inhibited the NH36 enzymatic activity (Ki = 0.080 μM for IA and 0.019 μM for IH). IA, IH and SMIH at 10 μM concentration, reduced the in vitro amastigote replication inside mice macrophages by 95% with no apparent effect on macrophage viability. Transmission electron microscopy revealed global alterations and swelling of L. (L.) infantum chagasi promastigotes after treatment with IA and IH while SMIH treatment determined intense cytoplasm vacuolization, enlarged vesicles and altered kinetoplasts. Our results suggest that IA, IH and SMIH may provide new chemotherapy agents for leishmaniasis.
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Machado-Silva A, Guimarães PPG, Tavares CAP, Sinisterra RD. New perspectives for leishmaniasis chemotherapy over current anti-leishmanial drugs: a patent landscape. Expert Opin Ther Pat 2014; 25:247-60. [PMID: 25530084 DOI: 10.1517/13543776.2014.993969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Although leishmaniasis is estimated to cause the ninth largest disease burden among individual infectious diseases, it is still one of the most neglected diseases in terms of drug development. Current drugs are highly toxic, resistance is common and compliance of patients to treatment is low, as treatment is long and drug price is high. AREAS COVERED In this review, the authors carried out a patent landscape in search for new perspectives for leishmaniasis therapy. This search encompassed patent documents having priority date between 1994 and 2014. Selected compounds were compared to current anti-leishmanial drugs regarding efficacy and toxicity, when experimental data were available. EXPERT OPINION Most patents related to drugs for leishmaniasis have not been produced by the pharmaceutical industry but rather by public research institutes or by universities, and the majority of the inventions disclosed are still in preclinical phase. There is an urgent need to find new ways of funding research for leishmaniasis drugs, incentivizing product development partnerships and pushing forward innovation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alice Machado-Silva
- Universidade Federal de Minas Gerais, Instituto de Ciências Exatas,Departamento de Química , Av. Antonio Carlos, 6627, Pampulha, CEP 31270-901, Belo Horizonte-MG , Brazil +55 31 3409 5778 ; +55 31 3409 5700 ;
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