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Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons and female reproductive health: A scoping review. Reprod Toxicol 2017; 73:61-74. [DOI: 10.1016/j.reprotox.2017.07.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2017] [Accepted: 07/20/2017] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Varayoud J, Durando M, Ramos JG, Milesi MM, Ingaramo PI, Muñoz-de-Toro M, Luque EH. Effects of a glyphosate-based herbicide on the uterus of adult ovariectomized rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2017; 32:1191-1201. [PMID: 27463640 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2016] [Revised: 06/21/2016] [Accepted: 07/02/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate is the active ingredient of several herbicide formulations. Different reports suggest that glyphosate-based herbicides (GBHs) may act as endocrine disruptors. We evaluated the potential estrogenic effects of a GBH formulation using the uterotrophic assay. Adult ovariectomized rats were sc injected for 3 consecutive days with: saline solution (vehicle control), 2.10-5 g E2 /kg/day (uterotrophic dose; UE2 ), 2.10-7 g E2 /kg/day (nonuterotrophic dose; NUE2 ), or 0.5, 5, or 50 mg GBH/kg/day of the. Twenty-four hours after the last injection, the uterus was removed and weighed and processed for histopathology and mRNA extraction. Epithelial cell proliferation and height and expression of estrogen-responsive genes were evaluated (estrogen receptors, ERα and ERβ; progesterone receptor, PR; complement 3, C3). Uterine weight and epithelial proliferation were not affected by GBH. However, the luminal epithelial cell height increased at GBH0.5. ERα mRNA was downregulated by all GBH doses and E2 groups, whereas PR and C3 mRNA were diminished by GBH0.5. GBH5-, GBH50-, and UE2 -treated rats showed downregulated ERα protein expression in luminal epithelial cells, while the receptor was upregulated in the stroma. GBH upregulated ERβ (GBH0.5-50) and PR (GBH5) expressions in glandular epithelial cells, similar effect to that of NUE2 group. These results indicate that, although the uterine weight was not affected, GBH modulates the expression of estrogen-sensitive genes. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc. Environ Toxicol 32: 1191-1201, 2017.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorgelina Varayoud
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Milena Durando
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorge G Ramos
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María M Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Paola I Ingaramo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Enrique H Luque
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente del Litoral (ISAL), Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional del Litoral, Santa Fe, Argentina
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Ingaramo PI, Milesi MM, Schimpf MG, Ramos JG, Vigezzi L, Muñoz-de-Toro M, Luque EH, Varayoud J. Endosulfan affects uterine development and functional differentiation by disrupting Wnt7a and β-catenin expression in rats. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2016; 425:37-47. [PMID: 26911934 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2016.02.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2015] [Revised: 02/12/2016] [Accepted: 02/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Neonatal exposure to a low dose of endosulfan may disrupt the expression of Wnt7a and β-catenin during uterine development leading to the failure of uterine functional differentiation during implantation. New-born female Wistar rats were treated with vehicle, endosulfan (600 μg/kg/d, E600) or diethylstilbestrol (0.2 μg/kg/d, DES) on postnatal days (PNDs) 1, 3, 5 and 7. Subsequently, uterine histomorphology and the protein expression of Wnt7a and β-catenin were evaluated on PND8, PND21 and gestational day (GD) 5 (pre-implantation period). In the E600 rats, Wnt7a and β-catenin protein expression was increased in the epithelium on PND8, and Wnt7a expression was decreased in the endometrial glands on PND21. On GD5, the number of uterine glands was decreased in the E600-and DES-treated rats. In addition, Wnt7a expression was decreased in all uterine compartments, and β-catenin expression was increased in the luminal and glandular epithelia of the E600-and DES-treated rats. Disruption of Wnt7a and β-catenin uterine expression in the prepubertal and adult females altered the uterine preparation for embryo implantation, which could be associated with the subfertility triggered by endosulfan.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola I Ingaramo
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - María M Milesi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Marlise Guerrero Schimpf
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorge G Ramos
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Lucía Vigezzi
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Mónica Muñoz-de-Toro
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Enrique H Luque
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina
| | - Jorgelina Varayoud
- Instituto de Salud y Ambiente Del Litoral (ISAL), Facultad de Bioquímica y Ciencias Biológicas, Universidad Nacional Del Litoral - Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas, Santa Fe, Argentina.
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Kummer V, Mašková J, Zralý Z, Faldyna M. Ovarian disorders in immature rats after postnatal exposure to environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons. J Appl Toxicol 2011; 33:90-9. [DOI: 10.1002/jat.1714] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2011] [Revised: 05/07/2011] [Accepted: 06/02/2011] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Zdeněk Zralý
- Veterinary Research Institute; Brno; Czech Republic
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Mohamed ESA, Song WH, Oh SA, Park YJ, You YA, Lee S, Choi JY, Kim YJ, Jo I, Pang MG. The transgenerational impact of benzo(a)pyrene on murine male fertility. Hum Reprod 2010; 25:2427-33. [DOI: 10.1093/humrep/deq205] [Citation(s) in RCA: 78] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/14/2022] Open
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Kummer V, Mašková J, Matiašovic J, Faldyna M. Morphological and functional disorders of the immature rat uterus after postnatal exposure to benz[a]anthracene and benzo[k]fluoranthene. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND PHARMACOLOGY 2009; 27:253-258. [PMID: 21783948 DOI: 10.1016/j.etap.2008.11.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2007] [Revised: 09/23/2008] [Accepted: 11/03/2008] [Indexed: 05/31/2023]
Abstract
We investigated the effects of postnatal exposure to benz[a]anthracene (B[a]A) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (B[k]F) on the development of the rat uterus. Neonates were injected on each postnatal days 1-14 with B[a]A (0.1, 1.0 or 10.0mg/kg), B[k]F (0.1, 1.0 or 5.0mg/kg), ethynylestradiol (EE; 1.0μg/kg) or a vehicle. The rats were killed on day 23. All doses of B[a]A and B[k]F induced a reduction of the uterine weight, a reduction of the estrogen receptor α expression in the luminal epithelium, glandular epithelium and stromal cells. Moreover, the uterotrophic response to EE (3-day administration of 1.0μg/kg on postnatal days 20-22) in rats exposed to B[a]A, B[k]F and EE was lower than in controls. The study showed that postnatal exposure to B[a]A and B[k]F resultes in morphological and functional disorders of the immature rat uterus.
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Kummer V, Masková J, Zralý Z, Neca J, Simecková P, Vondrácek J, Machala M. Estrogenic activity of environmental polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons in uterus of immature Wistar rats. Toxicol Lett 2008; 180:212-21. [PMID: 18634860 DOI: 10.1016/j.toxlet.2008.06.862] [Citation(s) in RCA: 72] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2007] [Revised: 06/11/2008] [Accepted: 06/12/2008] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) are an important group of environmental pollutants, known for their mutagenic and carcinogenic activities. Many PAHs are aryl hydrocarbon receptor (AhR) ligands and several recent studies have suggested that PAHs or their metabolites may activate estrogen receptors (ER). The present study investigated possible estrogenic/antiestrogenic effects of abundant environmental contaminants benzo[a]pyrene (BaP), benz[a]anthracene (BaA), fluoranthene (Fla) and benzo[k]fluoranthene (BkF) in vivo, using the immature rat uterotrophic assay. The present results suggest that BaA, BaP and Fla behaved as estrogen-like compounds in immature Wistar rats, when applied for 3 consecutive days at 10mg/kg/day, as documented by a significant increase of uterine weight and hypertrophy of luminal epithelium. These effects were likely to be mediated by ERalpha, a major subtype of ER present in uterus, as they were inhibited by treatment with ER antagonist ICI 182,780. BaA, the most potent of studied PAHs, induced a significant estrogenic effect within a concentration range 0.1-50mg/kg/day; however, it did not reach the maximum level induced by reference estrogens. The proposed antiestrogenicity of the potent AhR agonist BkF was not confirmed in the present in vivo study; the exposure to BkF did not significantly affect the uterine weight, although a weak suppression of ERalpha immunostaining was observed in luminal and glandular epithelium, possibly related to its AhR-mediated activity. The PAHs under study did not induce marked genotoxic damage in uterine tissues, as documented by the lack of Ser-15-phoshorylated p53 protein staining. With the exception of Fla, all three remaining compounds increased CYP1-dependent monooxygenation activities in liver at the doses used, suggesting that the potential tissue-specific antiestrogenic effects of PAHs mediated by metabolization of 17beta-estradiol also cannot be excluded. Taken together, these environmentally relevant PAHs induced estrogenic effects in vivo, which might affect their toxic impact and carcinogenicity.
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