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Gao J, Deng Q, Yu J, Wang C, Wei W. Role of renal tubular epithelial cells and macrophages in cisplatin-induced acute renal injury. Life Sci 2024; 339:122450. [PMID: 38262575 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2024.122450] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 12/30/2023] [Accepted: 01/17/2024] [Indexed: 01/25/2024]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a clinical syndrome characterized by a sudden and continuous decline in renal function. The drug cisplatin is commonly used as chemotherapy for solid tumors, and cisplatin-induced acute kidney injury (CI-AKI), which is characterized by acute tubular necrosis and inflammation, frequently occurs in tumor patients. Renal tubular epithelial cells (RTECs) are severely damaged early in this process and play an important role in renal tubular injury and the recruitment of immune cells. Macrophages are the most common infiltrating immune cells in the kidney and have a significant impact on CI-AKI and subsequent repair. This article reviews the latest research progress on the effects of RTECs and macrophages on CI-AKI and their interactions in AKI to provide a direction for identifying therapeutic targets for treating AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jinzhang Gao
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Qinxiang Deng
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Third Hospital Affiliated to Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Jun Yu
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China
| | - Chun Wang
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
| | - Wei Wei
- Institute of Clinical Pharmacology, Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China; Key Laboratory of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Ministry of Education, Hefei, China; Anhui Collaborative Innovation Centre of Anti-Inflammatory and Immune Medicine, Hefei, China; Center of Rheumatoid Arthritis of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, China.
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Tang Z, Xia Z, Wang X, Liu Y. The critical role of osteopontin (OPN) in fibrotic diseases. Cytokine Growth Factor Rev 2023; 74:86-99. [PMID: 37648616 DOI: 10.1016/j.cytogfr.2023.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2023] [Revised: 08/22/2023] [Accepted: 08/22/2023] [Indexed: 09/01/2023]
Abstract
Fibrosis is a pathological condition characterized by the excessive deposition of extracellular matrix components in tissues and organs, leading to progressive architectural remodelling and contributing to the development of various diseases. Osteopontin (OPN), a highly phosphorylated glycoprotein, has been increasingly recognized for its involvement in the progression of tissue fibrosis. This review provides a comprehensive overview of the genetic and protein structure of OPN and focuses on our current understanding of the role of OPN in the development of fibrosis in the lungs and other tissues. Additionally, special attention is given to the potential of OPN as a biomarker and a novel therapeutic target in the treatment of fibrosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ziyi Tang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Zijing Xia
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China
| | - Xiangpeng Wang
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Department of Rheumatology, Peking Union Medical College Hospital, Peking Union Medical College and Chinese Academy of Medical Sciences, Beijing 100000, China
| | - Yi Liu
- Department of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Laboratory of Rheumatology and Immunology, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China; Rare Diseases Center, Institute of Immunology and Inflammation, Frontiers Science Center for Disease-related Molecular Network, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, Chengdu 610041, China.
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3
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YAMATE J. Stem cell pathology: histogenesis of malignant fibrous histiocytoma and characterization of myofibroblasts appearing in fibrotic lesions. J Vet Med Sci 2023; 85:895-906. [PMID: 37460298 PMCID: PMC10539815 DOI: 10.1292/jvms.23-0225] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/21/2023] [Accepted: 06/26/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023] Open
Abstract
The concept of "stem cell pathology" is to establish the role of the stem cells by exploring their contribution to lesion development. The somatic stem cells are present in the body. Malignant fibrous histiocytoma (MFH; recently named "undifferentiated pleomorphic sarcoma") includes pluripotential undifferentiated mesenchymal stem cells as a cell element. An antibody (A3) generated by using rat MFH cells as the antigen labels somatic stem cells such as bone marrow stem cells and immature endothelial cells and pericytes, as well as immature epithelial cells in epithelialization. By using A3 and other antibodies recognizing somatic stem cells, it is considered that myofibroblasts appearing in rat fibrotic lesions are developed partly from immature hepatic stellate cells in hepatic fibrosis, immature pancreatic stellate cells in pancreatic fibrosis, pericytes/endothelial cells in neovascularization in injured tissues, as well as via the epithelial-mesenchymal transition. These progenitors may be in the stem cell lineage. In this review, the author introduces the histogenesis of MFH and the characteristics of myofibroblasts appearing in fibrosis, based mainly on the author's studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jyoji YAMATE
- Laboratory of Veterinary Pathology, Osaka Metropolitan University, Osaka, Japan
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4
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Sancho-Martínez SM, Blanco-Gozalo V, Quiros Y, Prieto-García L, Montero-Gómez MJ, Docherty NG, Martínez-Salgado C, Morales AI, López-Novoa JM, López-Hernández FJ. Impaired Tubular Reabsorption Is the Main Mechanism Explaining Increases in Urinary NGAL Excretion Following Acute Kidney Injury in Rats. Toxicol Sci 2021; 175:75-86. [PMID: 32110797 DOI: 10.1093/toxsci/kfaa029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a secreted low-molecular weight iron-siderophore-binding protein. NGAL overexpression in injured tubular epithelia partly explains its utility as a sensitive and early urinary biomarker of acute kidney injury (AKI). Herein, we extend mechanistic insights into the source and kinetics of urinary NGAL excretion in experimental AKI. Three models of experimental AKI were undertaken in adult male Wistar rats; renal ischemia-reperfusion injury (IRI) and gentamicin (G) and cisplatin (Cisp) nephrotoxicity. Alongside standard histological and biochemical assessment of AKI, urinary NGAL excretion rate, plasma NGAL concentration, and renal NGAL mRNA/protein expression were assessed. In situ renal perfusion studies were undertaken to discriminate direct shedding of NGAL to the urine from addition of NGAL to the urine secondary to alterations in the tubular handling of glomerular filtrate-derived protein. Renal NGAL expression and urinary excretion increased in experimental AKI. In acute studies in both the IRI and G models, direct renal perfusion with Kreb's buffer eliminated urinary NGAL excretion. Addition of exogenous NGAL to the Kreb's buffer circuit, reestablishment of perfusion with systemic blood or reperfusion with renal vein effluent restored high levels of urinary NGAL excretion. Urinary NGAL excretion in AKI arises in large proportion from reduced reabsorption from the glomerular filtrate. Hence, subclinical cellular dysfunction could increase urinary NGAL, particularly in concert with elevations in circulating prerenal NGAL and/or pharmacological inhibition of tubular reabsorption. More granular interpretation of urinary NGAL measurements could optimize the scope of its clinical utility as a biomarker of AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sandra M Sancho-Martínez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Group of Biomedical Research on Critical Care (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - Víctor Blanco-Gozalo
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Yaremi Quiros
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Laura Prieto-García
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - María J Montero-Gómez
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain
| | - Neil G Docherty
- School of Medicine, Conway Institute of Biomolecular and Biomedical Research, Diabetes Complications Research Centre, University College Dublin
| | - Carlos Martínez-Salgado
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Group of Biomedical Research on Critical Care (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IECSCYL), Soria, Spain
| | - Ana I Morales
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Group of Biomedical Research on Critical Care (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain
| | - José M López-Novoa
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain
| | - Francisco J López-Hernández
- Institute of Biomedical Research of Salamanca (IBSAL).,Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, University of Salamanca (USAL), Salamanca, Spain.,Group of Translational Research on Renal and Cardiovascular Diseases (TRECARD), Salamanca, Spain.,National Network for Kidney Research REDINREN, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Madrid, Spain.,Group of Biomedical Research on Critical Care (BioCritic), Valladolid, Spain.,Fundación Instituto de Estudios de Ciencias de la Salud de Castilla y León (IECSCYL), Soria, Spain
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Evaluation of Neutrophil Dynamics Change by Protective Effect of Tadalafil After Renal Ischemia/Reperfusion Using In Vivo Real-time Imaging. Transplantation 2021; 106:280-288. [PMID: 33908383 DOI: 10.1097/tp.0000000000003803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Neutrophils play a major role in ischemia/reperfusion injury (IRI) in renal transplantation and acute kidney injury. However, it has been difficult to observe changes in neutrophil dynamics over time in living mice kidney. We investigate neutrophil dynamics in IRI in living mice using novel in vivo multiphoton microscope imaging techniques and characterize the renoprotective effects of a selective phosphodiesterase (PDE) 5 inhibitor, tadalafil. METHODS Wild-type (WT) and eNOS knockout (eNOS-KO) mice, a model of endothelial dysfunction, were used to establish in vivo real-time imaging in living mouse kidneys. Neutrophils were labeled green with Ly-6G monoclonal antibody, and plasma flow was labeled red with bovine serum albumin. Tadalafil was administered orally 1 h before surgery. Both kidney pedicles were reperfused after 37° warm ischemia for 45 min. RESULTS Our novel approach revealed that neutrophils were trapped in glomerulus within a few minutes after reperfusion. They gradually increased over time and Infiltrated neutrophils were observed in the tubular lumen and peritubular capillary. The neutrophils were clearly visualized rolling on peritubular capillary plexus at 3 μm/min. The administration of tadalafil significantly reduced neutrophil influx into the glomerulus in both WT and eNOS-KO mice. Reduced neutrophil infiltration in tadalafil groups, which was confirmed by flow cytometry, resulted in histopathologically decreased tubular injury. The expression of VCAM-1 and KIM-1 was partially prevented by tadalafil. CONCLUSIONS Use of a novel technique contributed to elucidation of neutrophil dynamics after reperfusion. Tadalafil has a potential for inhibiting neutrophil infiltration in renal IRI.Supplemental Visual Abstract; http://links.lww.com/TP/C223.
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Kielar M, Dumnicka P, Gala-Błądzińska A, Będkowska-Prokop A, Ignacak E, Maziarz B, Ceranowicz P, Kuśnierz-Cabala B. Urinary NGAL Measured after the First Year Post Kidney Transplantation Predicts Changes in Glomerular Filtration over One-Year Follow-Up. J Clin Med 2020; 10:E43. [PMID: 33375581 PMCID: PMC7795618 DOI: 10.3390/jcm10010043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2020] [Revised: 12/14/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 01/20/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, serum creatinine and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) together with albuminuria or proteinuria are laboratory markers used in long-term monitoring of kidney transplant recipients. There is a need for more sensitive markers that could serve as early warning signs of graft dysfunction. Our aim was to assess the urinary concentrations of neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) as a predictor of changes in kidney transplant function after the first year post-transplantation. We prospectively recruited 109 patients with functioning graft at least one year after the transplantation, with no acute conditions over the past three months, during their control visits in kidney transplant ambulatory. Urinary NGAL measured on recruitment was twice higher in patients with at least 10% decrease in eGFR over 1-year follow-up compared to those with stable or improving transplant function. Baseline NGAL significantly predicted the relative and absolute changes in eGFR and the mean eGFR during the follow-up independently of baseline eGFR and albuminuria. Moreover, baseline NGAL significantly predicted urinary tract infections during the follow-up, although the infections were not associated with decreasing eGFR. Additionally, we assessed urinary concentrations of matrix metalloproteinase 9-NGAL complex in a subgroup of 77 patients and found higher levels in patients who developed urinary tract infections during the follow-up but not in those with decreasing eGFR. High urinary NGAL in clinically stable kidney transplant recipients beyond the first year after transplantation may be interpreted as a warning and trigger the search for transient or chronic causes of graft dysfunction, or urinary tract infection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Małgorzata Kielar
- St. Louis Regional Children’s Hospital, Medical Diagnostic Laboratory with a Bacteriology Laboratory, Strzelecka 2 St., 31-503 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Paulina Dumnicka
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Pharmacy, Department of Medical Diagnostics, 30-688 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Gala-Błądzińska
- Medical College of Rzeszów University, Institute of Medical Sciences, Kopisto 2A Avn., 35-310 Rzeszów, Poland;
| | - Alina Będkowska-Prokop
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Jakubowskiego 2 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.B.-P.); (E.I.)
| | - Ewa Ignacak
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Nephrology, Jakubowskiego 2 St., 30-688 Kraków, Poland; (A.B.-P.); (E.I.)
| | - Barbara Maziarz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Kopernika 15A St., 31-501 Kraków, Poland;
| | - Piotr Ceranowicz
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Physiology, Grzegórzecka 16 St., 31-531 Kraków, Poland
| | - Beata Kuśnierz-Cabala
- Jagiellonian University Medical College, Faculty of Medicine, Department of Diagnostics, Kopernika 15A St., 31-501 Kraków, Poland;
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Chen M, Yang N, Lechner J, Toth L, Hogg R, Silvestri G, Chakravarthy U, Xu H. Plasma level of lipocalin 2 is increased in neovascular age-related macular degeneration patients, particularly those with macular fibrosis. IMMUNITY & AGEING 2020; 17:35. [PMID: 33292361 PMCID: PMC7666483 DOI: 10.1186/s12979-020-00205-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Background Previously, we and others have reported higher populations of circulating neutrophils in patients with neovascular age-related macular degeneration (nAMD). Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL, also known as lipocalin-2, LCN2), an important innate immune mediator, is known to be critically involved in sterile inflammation-mediated organ failure, fibrosis, cancer progression and retinal degeneration. This study investigated the plasma levels of LCN2, matrix metalloproteinase 9 (MMP9) and LCN2/MMP9 complex in different types of nAMD and examined whether the levels were related to patients’ responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy. Results One hundred and seventy-four nAMD patients, including 108 with choroidal neovascularisation (CNV), 32 with retinal angiomatous proliferation (RAP), 23 with polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) and 11 unclassified patients, and 43 healthy controls were recruited to this case-control study. Fifty-eight nAMD patients had macular fibrosis and 110 patients did not. Out of the 174 nAMD patients, 80 patients responded completely, 90 responded partially, and 4 did not respond to the anti-VEGF therapy. The plasma levels of LCN2 in nAMD patients (181.46 ± 73.62 ng/ml) was significantly higher than that in healthy controls (152.24 ± 49.55 ng/ml, P = 0.047). However, the difference disappeared after adjusting for age. A positive correlation between plasma level of LCN2 and age was observed in nAMD patients (r = 0.29, P = 0.0002) but not in healthy controls. The plasma level of LCN2 was also positively correlated with circulating neutrophils in nAMD patients (r = 0.34, p = 0.0007) but not in healthy controls (r = 0.057, p = 0.77). No correlation was observed between age and circulating neutrophils. Further analysis of nAMD subtypes uncovered a significantly higher level of LCN2 in patients with macular fibrosis even after adjusting for age. No relationship was observed between plasma levels of LCN2 and patients’ responsiveness to anti-VEGF therapy. The plasma levels of MMP9 and LCN2/MMP9 complex were comparable between nAMD and controls. Conclusions Our results suggest that higher plasma levels of LCN2 in nAMD are related to ageing and increased population of circulating neutrophils. Our results also suggest that higher levels of LCN2 may increase the risk of macular fibrosis in nAMD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mei Chen
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Nan Yang
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Judith Lechner
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Levente Toth
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Ruth Hogg
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | | | - Usha Chakravarthy
- Centre for Public Health, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK
| | - Heping Xu
- Centre for Experimental Medicine, The Wellcome-Wolfson Institute for Experimental Medicine, School of Medicine, Dentistry & Biomedical Science, Queen's University Belfast, 97 Lisburn Road, Belfast, BT9 7BL, UK.
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Wen Y, Yang C, Menez SP, Rosenberg AZ, Parikh CR. A Systematic Review of Clinical Characteristics and Histologic Descriptions of Acute Tubular Injury. Kidney Int Rep 2020; 5:1993-2001. [PMID: 33163720 PMCID: PMC7609907 DOI: 10.1016/j.ekir.2020.08.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 08/13/2020] [Accepted: 08/25/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The term "acute tubular injury" (ATI) represents histopathologic renal tubular injury and often manifests clinically as acute kidney injury (AKI). Studies systematically summarizing the clinical presentation and histological changes in human ATI are limited. METHODS We used a comprehensive search strategy to search human studies of ATI from 1936 to July 2019. We extracted study characteristics, clinical characteristics, and histologic descriptions of ATI by bright field, immunofluorescence, electron microscopy, and immunohistochemistry. We compared ATI histology as a function of tissue procurement type, timing, and etiologies. RESULTS We included 292 studies comprising a total of 1987 patients. The majority of studies (222 of 292, 76%) were single-center case reports. The mean age of included patients was 47 years. In native kidney biopsy cases, baseline, peak, and latest creatinine were 1.3 mg/dl, 7.19 mg/dl, and 1.85 mg/dl respectively, and biopsy was performed mostly after peak creatinine (86.7%, 391 of 451). We identified 16 histologic descriptions of tubular injury, including tubular cell sloughing (115 of 292, 39.4%), tubular epithelial flattening/simplification (110 of 292, 37.7%), tubular dilatation (109 of 292, 37.3%), and tubular cell necrosis (93 of 292, 31.8%). There was no difference in tubular injury histology among different tissue procurement types (native kidney biopsy, transplant kidney biopsy, and autopsy), among different etiologies, or between different tissue procurement timing (before or after creatinine peaks in native kidneys). Electron microscopy and immunohistochemistry were used in a minority of studies. CONCLUSION ATI manifests with diverse histologic changes. Efforts to establish protocols to harmonize biopsy practices, to handle kidney biopsy for tissue interrogation, and to report results across clinical practice are needed to improve our understanding of this complex disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yumeng Wen
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chen Yang
- Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, New York, USA
| | - Steven P. Menez
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Avi Z. Rosenberg
- Department of Pathology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
| | - Chirag R. Parikh
- Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, Baltimore, Maryland, USA
- Correspondence: Chirag R. Parikh, Division of Nephrology, Johns Hopkins University School of Medicine, 1830 E. Monument St., Suite 416, Baltimore, Maryland 21287, USA.
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Urbschat A, Thiemens AK, Mertens C, Rehwald C, Meier JK, Baer PC, Jung M. Macrophage-secreted Lipocalin-2 Promotes Regeneration of Injured Primary Murine Renal Tubular Epithelial Cells. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062038. [PMID: 32188161 PMCID: PMC7139578 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Lipocalin-2 (Lcn-2) is rapidly upregulated in macrophages after renal tubular injury and acts as renoprotective and pro-regenerative agent. Lcn-2 possesses the ability to bind and transport iron with high affinity. Therefore, the present study focuses on the decisive role of the Lcn-2 iron-load for its pro-regenerative function. Primary mouse tubular epithelial cells were isolated from kidney tissue of wildtype mice and incubated with 5μM Cisplatin for 24h to induce injury. Bone marrow-derived macrophages of wildtype and Lcn-2-/- mice were isolated and polarized with IL-10 towards an anti-inflammatory, iron-release phenotype. Their supernatants as well as recombinant iron-loaded holo-Lcn-2 was used for stimulation of Cisplatin-injured tubular epithelial cells. Incubation of tubular epithelial cells with wildtype supernatants resulted in less damage and induced cellular proliferation, whereas in absence of Lcn-2 no protective effect was observed. Epithelial integrity as well as cellular proliferation showed a clear protection upon rescue experiments applying holo-Lcn-2. Notably, we detected a positive correlation between total iron amounts in tubular epithelial cells and cellular proliferation, which, in turn, reinforced the assumed link between availability of Lcn-2-bound iron and recovery. We hypothesize that macrophage-released Lcn-2-bound iron is provided to tubular epithelial cells during toxic cell damage, whereby injury is limited and recovery is favored.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anja Urbschat
- Department of Biomedicine, Aarhus University, 8000 Aarhus, Denmark;
| | - Anne-Kathrin Thiemens
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.-K.T.); (P.C.B.)
| | - Christina Mertens
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (C.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Claudia Rehwald
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (C.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Julia K. Meier
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (C.M.); (C.R.)
| | - Patrick C. Baer
- Division of Nephrology, Department of Internal Medicine III, Goethe-University Frankfurt, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (A.-K.T.); (P.C.B.)
| | - Michaela Jung
- Institute of Biochemistry I, Goethe-University Frankfurt, Faculty of Medicine, 60323 Frankfurt am Main, Germany; (C.M.); (C.R.)
- Correspondence:
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Levitsky J, Asrani SK, Abecassis M, Ruiz R, Jennings LW, Klintmalm G. External Validation of a Pretransplant Biomarker Model (REVERSE) Predictive of Renal Recovery After Liver Transplantation. Hepatology 2019; 70:1349-1359. [PMID: 31002431 DOI: 10.1002/hep.30667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2018] [Accepted: 04/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
In patients with end-stage liver disease, the ability to predict recovery of renal function following liver transplantation (LT) remains elusive. However, several important clinical decisions depend on whether renal dysfunction is recoverable after LT. We used a cohort of patients undergoing LT to independently validate a published pre-LT model predictive of post-transplant renal recovery (Renal Recovery Assessment at Liver Transplant [REVERSE]: high osteopontin [OPN] and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 [TIMP-1] levels, age < 57, no diabetes). Serum samples pre-LT and 4-12 weeks post-LT (n = 117) were analyzed for kidney injury proteins from three groups of recipients: (1) estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) < 30 mL/minute/1.73 m2 prior to and after LT (irreversible acute kidney injury [AKI]), (2) eGFR < 30 mL/minute/1.73 m2 prior to LT and >50 mL/minute/1.73 m2 after LT (reversible AKI [rAKI]) (3) eGFR > 50 mL/minute/1.73 m2 prior to and after LT (no AKI). In patients with elevated pre-LT serum levels of OPN and TIMP-1, recovery of renal function correlated with decreases in the level of both proteins. At 4 weeks post-LT (n = 77 subset), the largest decline in OPN and TIMP-1 was seen in the rAKI group. Validation of the REVERSE model in this independent data set had high area under the curve (0.78) in predicting full post-LT renal recovery (sensitivity 0.86, specificity 0.6, positive predictive value 0.81, negative predictive value 0.69). Our eGFR findings were confirmed using measured GFR. Conclusion: The REVERSE model, derived from an initial training set combining plasma biomarkers and clinical characteristics, demonstrated excellent external validation performance characteristics in an independent patient cohort using serum samples. Among patients with kidney injury pre-LT, the predictive ability of this model may prove beneficial in clinical decision-making both prior to and following transplantation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Josh Levitsky
- Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
| | | | - Michael Abecassis
- Division of Transplant Surgery, Comprehensive Transplant Center, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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11
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Zhou H, Gao L, Yu Z, Hong S, Zhang Z, Qiu Z. LncRNA HOTAIR promotes renal interstitial fibrosis by regulating Notch1 pathway via the modulation of miR‐124. Nephrology (Carlton) 2019; 24:472-480. [PMID: 29717517 DOI: 10.1111/nep.13394] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhou
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The People's Hospital of Fujian Province) Fuzhou China
| | - Lin Gao
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The People's Hospital of Fujian Province) Fuzhou China
| | - Zuo‐hua Yu
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The People's Hospital of Fujian Province) Fuzhou China
| | - Shi‐jun Hong
- Department of UrologyThe Affiliated People's Hospital of Fujian University of Traditional Chinese Medicine (The People's Hospital of Fujian Province) Fuzhou China
| | - Zhi‐wei Zhang
- Department of ResearchBeijing Zhong Jian Dong Ke Company Beijing China
| | - Zhen‐zhen Qiu
- Department of Physical EducationMinjiang University Fuzhou China
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12
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Abstract
The molecular mechanisms in acute tubular injury (ATI) are complex and enigmatic. Moreover, we currently lack validated tissue injury markers that can be integrated into the kidney biopsy analysis to guide nephrologists in their patient's management of AKI. Although recognizing the ATI lesion by light microscopy is fairly straightforward, the staging of tubular lesions in the context of clinical time course and etiologic mechanism currently is not adapted to the renal pathology practice. To the clinician, the exact time point when an ischemic or toxic injury has occurred often is not known and cannot be discerned from the review of the biopsy sample. Moreover, the assessment of the different types of organized necrosis as the underlying cell death mechanism, which can be targeted using specific inhibitors, has not yet reached clinical practice. The renal pathology laboratory is uniquely qualified to assess the time course and etiology of ATI using established analytic techniques, such as immunohistochemistry and electron microscopy. Recent advances in the understanding of pathophysiological mechanisms of ATI and the important role that certain types of tubular cell organelles play in different stages of the ATI lesions may allow differentiation of early versus late ATI. Furthermore, the determination of respective cell injury pathways may help to differentiate ischemic versus toxic etiology in a reliable fashion. In the future, such a kidney biopsy-based classification system of ATI could guide the nephrologist's management of patients in regard to treatment modality and drug choice.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gilbert W Moeckel
- Renal Pathology and Electron Microscopy Laboratory, Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT.
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13
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Neely BA, Prager KC, Bland AM, Fontaine C, Gulland FM, Janech MG. Proteomic Analysis of Urine from California Sea Lions ( Zalophus californianus): A Resource for Urinary Biomarker Discovery. J Proteome Res 2018; 17:3281-3291. [PMID: 30113852 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jproteome.8b00416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Abstract
Urinary markers for the assessment of kidney diseases in wild animals are limited, in part, due to the lack of urinary proteome data, especially for marine mammals. One of the most prevalent kidney diseases in marine mammals is caused by Leptospira interrogans, which is the second most common etiology linked to stranding of California sea lions ( Zalophus californianus). Urine proteins from 11 sea lions with leptospirosis kidney disease and eight sea lions without leptospirosis or kidney disease were analyzed using shotgun proteomics. In total, 2694 protein groups were identified, and 316 were differentially abundant between groups. Major urine proteins in sea lions were similar to major urine proteins in dogs and humans except for the preponderance of resistin, lysozyme C, and PDZ domain containing 1, which appear to be over-represented. Previously reported urine protein markers of kidney injury in humans and animals were also identified. Notably, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin, osteopontin, and epidermal fatty acid binding protein were elevated over 20-fold in the leptospirosis-infected sea lions. Consistent with leptospirosis infection in rodents, urinary proteins associated with the renin-angiotensin system were depressed, including neprilysin. This study represents a foundation from which to explore the clinical use of urinary protein markers in California sea lions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin A Neely
- Marine Biochemical Sciences Group , National Institute of Standards and Technology , NIST Charleston , Charleston , South Carolina 29412 , United States
| | - Katherine C Prager
- Department of Ecology and Evolutionary Biology , University of California Los Angeles , Los Angeles , California 90095 , United States
| | - Alison M Bland
- Hollings Marine Laboratory , College of Charleston , Charleston , South Carolina 29412 , United States
| | - Christine Fontaine
- The Marine Mammal Center , 2000 Bunker Road , Sausalito , California 94965 , United States
| | - Frances M Gulland
- The Marine Mammal Center , 2000 Bunker Road , Sausalito , California 94965 , United States
| | - Michael G Janech
- Hollings Marine Laboratory , College of Charleston , Charleston , South Carolina 29412 , United States
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14
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Bjornstad P, Pyle L, Cherney DZI, Johnson RJ, Sippl R, Wong R, Rewers M, Snell-Bergeon JK. Plasma biomarkers improve prediction of diabetic kidney disease in adults with type 1 diabetes over a 12-year follow-up: CACTI study. Nephrol Dial Transplant 2018; 33:1189-1196. [PMID: 28992280 PMCID: PMC6030887 DOI: 10.1093/ndt/gfx255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Background The objective of the study was to determine whether plasma biomarkers of kidney injury improve the prediction of diabetic kidney disease (DKD) in adults with type 1 diabetes (T1D) over a period of 12 years. Methods Participants (n = 527, 53% females) in the Coronary Artery Calcification in T1D (CACTI) Study were examined during 2002-04, at a mean (± standard deviation) age of 39.6 ± 9.0 years with 24.8 years as the median duration of diabetes. Urine albumin-to-creatinine (ACR) and estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) by CKD-EPI (chronic kidney disease epidemiology collaboration) creatinine were measured at the baseline and after mean follow-up of 12.1 ± 1.5 years. Albuminuria was defined as ACR ≥30 mg/g and impaired GFR as eGFR <60 mL/min/1.73 m2. Kidney injury biomarkers (Meso Scale Diagnostics) were measured on stored baseline plasma samples. A principal component analysis (PCA) identified two components: (i) kidney injury molecule-1, calbindin, osteoactivin, trefoil factor 3 and vascular endothelial growth factor; and (ii) β-2 microglobulin, cystatin C, neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin and osteopontin that were used in the multivariable regression analyses. Results Component 2 of the PCA was associated with increase in log modulus ACR [β ± standard error (SE): 0.16 ± 0.07, P = 0.02] and eGFR (β ± SE: -2.56 ± 0.97, P = 0.009) over a period of 12 years after adjusting for traditional risk factors (age, sex, HbA1c, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol and systolic blood pressure and baseline eGFR/baseline ACR). Only Component 2 of the PCA was associated with incident-impaired GFR (odds ratio 2.08, 95% confidence interval 1.18-3.67, P = 0.01), adjusting for traditional risk factors. The addition of Component 2 to traditional risk factors significantly improved C-statistics and net-reclassification improvement for incident-impaired GFR (ΔAUC: 0.02 ± 0.01, P = 0.049, and 29% non-events correctly reclassified, P < 0.0001). Conclusions Plasma kidney injury biomarkers can help predict development of DKD in T1D.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petter Bjornstad
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Laura Pyle
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - David Z I Cherney
- Department of Medicine, Division of Nephrology, and Department of Physiology, University of Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Richard J Johnson
- Department of Nephrology, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Rachel Sippl
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Randy Wong
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Marian Rewers
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
| | - Janet K Snell-Bergeon
- Department of Pediatric Endocrinology, University of Colorado School of Medicine, Aurora, CO, USA
- Barbara Davis Center for Diabetes, University of Colorado Denver, Aurora, CO, USA
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15
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Ramadan A, Afifi N, Yassin NZ, Abdel-Rahman RF, Abd El-Rahman SS, Fayed HM. Mesalazine, an osteopontin inhibitor: The potential prophylactic and remedial roles in induced liver fibrosis in rats. Chem Biol Interact 2018; 289:109-118. [PMID: 29738702 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 05/04/2018] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Liver fibrosis is a major health issue leading to high morbidity and mortality. The potential anti-fibrotic activity and the effect of mesalazine on osteopontin (OPN), an extra cellular matrix (ECM) component were evaluated in TAA-induced liver fibrosis in rats. For this purpose, forty-two adult male Wistar rats were divided into six groups. All animals, except the normal control, were intraperitoneally injected with TAA (200 mg/kg) twice per week for 6 weeks. In the hepato-protective study, animals were administered mesalazine (50 and 100 mg/kg, orally) for 4 weeks before induction of liver fibrosis then concomitantly with TAA injection. In the hepato-therapeutic study, animals were administered mesalazine for 6 weeks after TAA discontinuation with the same doses. In both studies, mesalazine administration improved liver biomarkers through decreasing serum levels of AST, ALT and total bilirubin when compared to fibrotic group with significant increase in total protein and albumin levels. Mesalazine significantly decreased hepatic MDA level and counteracted the depletion of hepatic GSH content and SOD activity. Additionally, it limits the elevation of OPN and TGF-β1 concentrations and suppressed TNF-α as well as α-SMA levels in hepatic tissue homogenate. Histopathologically, mesalazine as a treatment showed a good restoration of the hepatic parenchymal cells with an obvious decreased intensity and retraction of fibrous proliferation, while as a prophylaxis it didn't achieve enough protection against the harmful effect of TAA, although it decreased the intensity of portal to portal fibrosis and pseudolobulation. Furthermore, mesalazine could suppress the expression of both α-SMA and caspase-3 in immunohistochemical sections. In conclusion, mesalazine could have a potential new indication as anti-fibrotic agent through limiting the oxidative damage and altering TNF-ɑ pathway as an anti-inflammatory drug with down-regulating TGF-β1, OPN, α-SMA and caspase-3 signaling pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Ramadan
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nehal Afifi
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt
| | - Nemat Z Yassin
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
| | | | - Sahar S Abd El-Rahman
- Pathology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Cairo University, Giza, Egypt.
| | - Hany M Fayed
- Pharmacology Department, National Research Centre, Giza, Egypt
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16
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Prakoura N, Chatziantoniou C. Matricellular Proteins and Organ Fibrosis. CURRENT PATHOBIOLOGY REPORTS 2017. [DOI: 10.1007/s40139-017-0138-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
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17
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McMahon KR, Rod Rassekh S, Schultz KR, Pinsk M, Blydt-Hansen T, Mammen C, Tsuyuki RT, Devarajan P, Cuvelier GDE, Mitchell LG, Baruchel S, Palijan A, Carleton BC, Ross CJD, Zappitelli M. Design and Methods of the Pan-Canadian Applying Biomarkers to Minimize Long-Term Effects of Childhood/Adolescent Cancer Treatment (ABLE) Nephrotoxicity Study: A Prospective Observational Cohort Study. Can J Kidney Health Dis 2017; 4:2054358117690338. [PMID: 28270931 PMCID: PMC5317038 DOI: 10.1177/2054358117690338] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/14/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Childhood cancer survivors experience adverse drug events leading to lifelong health issues. The Applying Biomarkers to Minimize Long-Term Effects of Childhood/Adolescent Cancer Treatment (ABLE) team was established to validate and apply biomarkers of cancer treatment effects, with a goal of identifying children at high risk of developing cancer treatment complications associated with thrombosis, graft-versus-host disease, hearing loss, and kidney damage. Cisplatin is a chemotherapy well known to cause acute and chronic nephrotoxicity. Data on biomarkers of acute kidney injury (AKI) and late renal outcomes in children treated with cisplatin are limited. OBJECTIVE To describe the design and methods of the pan-Canadian ABLE Nephrotoxicity study, which aims to evaluate urine biomarkers (neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin [NGAL] and kidney injury molecule-1 [KIM-1]) for AKI diagnosis, and determine whether they predict risk of long-term renal outcomes (chronic kidney disease [CKD], hypertension). DESIGN This is a 3-year observational prospective cohort study. SETTING The study includes 12 Canadian pediatric oncology centers. PATIENTS The target recruitment goal is 150 patients aged less than 18 years receiving cisplatin. Exclusion criteria: Patients with an estimated glomerular filtration rate (eGFR) <30 mL/min/1.73 m2 or a pre-existing renal transplantation at baseline. MEASUREMENTS Serum creatinine (SCr), urine NGAL, and KIM-1 are measured during cisplatin infusion episodes (pre-infusion, immediate post-infusion, discharge sampling). At follow-up visits, eGFR, microalbuminuria, and blood pressure are measured and outcomes are collected. METHODS Outcomes: AKI is defined as per SCr criteria of the Kidney Disease: Improving Global Outcomes (KDIGO) guidelines. CKD is defined as eGFR <90 mL/min/1.73m2 or albumin-to-creatinine ratio≥3mg/mmol. Hypertension is defined as per guidelines. Procedure: Patients are recruited before their first or second cisplatin cycle. Participants are evaluated during 2 cisplatin infusion episodes (AKI biomarker validation) and at 3, 12, and 36 months post-cisplatin treatment (late outcomes). LIMITATIONS The study has a relatively moderate sample size and short follow-up duration. There is potential for variability in data collection since multiple sites are involved. CONCLUSIONS ABLE will provide a national platform to study biomarkers of late cancer treatment complications. The Nephrotoxicity study is a novel study of AKI biomarkers in children treated with cisplatin that will greatly inform on late cisplatin renal outcomes and follow-up needs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kelly R. McMahon
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Shahrad Rod Rassekh
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Kirk R. Schultz
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology/Bone Marrow Transplantation, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Maury Pinsk
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Tom Blydt-Hansen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Cherry Mammen
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, British Columbia Children’s Hospital, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Ross T. Tsuyuki
- Faculty of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Prasad Devarajan
- Division of Nephrology & Hypertension, Cincinnati Children’s Hospital Medical Center, OH, USA
| | - Geoff D. E. Cuvelier
- Department of Pediatrics and Child Health, CancerCare Manitoba, University of Manitoba, Winnipeg, Canada
| | - Lesley G. Mitchell
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Stollery Children’s Hospital, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Canada
| | - Sylvain Baruchel
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Hematology/Oncology, Hospital for Sick Children, Toronto, Canada
| | - Ana Palijan
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
| | - Bruce C. Carleton
- Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Colin J. D. Ross
- Child and Family Research Institute, University of British Columbia, Vancouver, Canada
| | - Michael Zappitelli
- Department of Pediatrics, Division of Pediatric Nephrology, Montreal Children’s Hospital, McGill University Health Centre, Montreal, Canada
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18
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Le Clef N, Verhulst A, D’Haese PC, Vervaet BA. Unilateral Renal Ischemia-Reperfusion as a Robust Model for Acute to Chronic Kidney Injury in Mice. PLoS One 2016; 11:e0152153. [PMID: 27007127 PMCID: PMC4805266 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0152153] [Citation(s) in RCA: 102] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2015] [Accepted: 03/09/2016] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is an underestimated, yet important risk factor for development of chronic kidney disease (CKD). Even after initial total recovery of renal function, some patients develop progressive and persistent deterioration of renal function and these patients are more likely to progress to end-stage renal disease (ESRD). Animal models are indispensable for unravelling the mechanisms underlying this progression towards CKD and ESRD and for the development of new therapeutic strategies in its prevention or treatment. Ischemia (i.e. hypoperfusion after surgery, bleeding, dehydration, shock, or sepsis) is a major aetiology in human AKI, yet unilateral ischemia-reperfusion is a rarely used animal model for research on CKD and fibrosis. Here, we demonstrate in C57Bl/6J mice, by both histology and gene expression, that unilateral ischemia-reperfusion without contralateral nephrectomy is a very robust model to study the progression from acute renal injury to long-term tubulo-interstitial fibrosis, i.e. the histopathological hallmark of CKD. Furthermore, we report that the extent of renal fibrosis, in terms of Col I, TGFβ, CCN2 and CCN3 expression and collagen I immunostaining, increases with increasing body temperature during ischemia and ischemia-time. Thus, varying these two main determinants of ischemic injury allows tuning the extent of the long-term fibrotic outcome in this model. Finally, in order to cover the whole practical finesse of ischemia-reperfusion and allow model and data transfer, we provide a referenced overview on crucial technical issues (incl. anaesthesia, analgesia, and pre- and post-operative care) with the specific aim of putting starters in the right direction of implementing ischemia in their research and stimulate them, as well as the community, to have a critical view on ischemic literature data.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nathalie Le Clef
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Anja Verhulst
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
| | - Patrick C. D’Haese
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
- * E-mail:
| | - Benjamin A. Vervaet
- Departement Biomedical Sciences, Laboratory of Pathophysiology, University of Antwerp, Wilrijk (Antwerp), Belgium
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Pathogenesis of Type 2 Epithelial to Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Renal and Hepatic Fibrosis. J Clin Med 2015; 5:jcm5010004. [PMID: 26729181 PMCID: PMC4730129 DOI: 10.3390/jcm5010004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2015] [Revised: 12/22/2015] [Accepted: 12/24/2015] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Epithelial to mesenchymal transition (EMT), particularly, type 2 EMT, is important in progressive renal and hepatic fibrosis. In this process, incompletely regenerated renal epithelia lose their epithelial characteristics and gain migratory mesenchymal qualities as myofibroblasts. In hepatic fibrosis (importantly, cirrhosis), the process also occurs in injured hepatocytes and hepatic progenitor cells (HPCs), as well as ductular reaction-related bile epithelia. Interestingly, the ductular reaction contributes partly to hepatocarcinogenesis of HPCs, and further, regenerating cholangiocytes after injury may be derived from hepatic stellate cells via mesenchymal to epithelia transition, a reverse phenomenon of type 2 EMT. Possible pathogenesis of type 2 EMT and its differences between renal and hepatic fibrosis are reviewed based on our experimental data.
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20
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Zhang Q, Ji Y, Lv W, He T, Wang J. Protective effects of leflunomide on renal lesions in a rat model if diabetic nephropathy. Ren Fail 2015; 38:124-30. [DOI: 10.3109/0886022x.2015.1105024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
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21
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Kuwata K, Nakamura I, Ide M, Sato H, Nishikawa S, Tanaka M. Comparison of changes in urinary and blood levels of biomarkers associated with proximal tubular injury in rat models. J Toxicol Pathol 2015. [PMID: 26441477 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2014-0039.] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate useful biomarkers associated with proximal tubular injury, we assessed changes in levels of a focused set of biomarkers in urine and blood. Male rats administered a single dose or four doses of gentamicin (GM, 240 mg/kg/day) or a single dose of cisplatin (CDDP, 5 mg/kg) were euthanized on days 2 (the day after initial dosing) 5, or 12. At each time point, histopathological examination of the kidney and immunohistochemistry for biomarkers, kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), lipocalin (NGAL), clusterin (CLU), cystatin C (CysC) and β2-microglobulin (β2M) were performed. Biomarker levels were measured in urine and blood. In both treatment groups, degenerated/necrotic proximal tubules and regenerated tubules were mainly observed on days 5 and 12, respectively. At the same time as these tubular injuries, urinary Kim-1, CysC and β2M levels were increased. Moreover, urinary levels of CysC and β2M in GM-treated animals and Kim-1 in CDDP-treated animals increased (on day 2) prior to tubular injury on day 5. This was considered to reflect the characteristics of drug toxicity. Although almost all of the biomarkers in blood were not sufficiently sensitive to detect proximal tubular injury, urinary and plasma β2M levels simultaneously increased. Therefore, in addition to urinary Kim-1, CysC and β2M levels, plasma β2M levels were also considered useful for detecting proximal tubular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kuwata
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Itsuko Nakamura
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Mika Ide
- Research Strategy & Planning Department, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroko Sato
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Satomi Nishikawa
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tanaka
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
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22
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Kuwata K, Nakamura I, Ide M, Sato H, Nishikawa S, Tanaka M. Comparison of changes in urinary and blood levels of biomarkers associated with proximal tubular injury in rat models. J Toxicol Pathol 2015; 28:151-64. [PMID: 26441477 PMCID: PMC4588209 DOI: 10.1293/tox.2014-0039] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2014] [Accepted: 05/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
To investigate useful biomarkers associated with proximal tubular injury, we assessed
changes in levels of a focused set of biomarkers in urine and blood. Male rats
administered a single dose or four doses of gentamicin (GM, 240 mg/kg/day) or a single
dose of cisplatin (CDDP, 5 mg/kg) were euthanized on days 2 (the day after initial dosing)
5, or 12. At each time point, histopathological examination of the kidney and
immunohistochemistry for biomarkers, kidney injury molecule-1 (Kim-1), lipocalin (NGAL),
clusterin (CLU), cystatin C (CysC) and β2-microglobulin (β2M) were performed. Biomarker
levels were measured in urine and blood. In both treatment groups, degenerated/necrotic
proximal tubules and regenerated tubules were mainly observed on days 5 and 12,
respectively. At the same time as these tubular injuries, urinary Kim-1, CysC and β2M
levels were increased. Moreover, urinary levels of CysC and β2M in GM-treated animals and
Kim-1 in CDDP-treated animals increased (on day 2) prior to tubular injury on day 5. This
was considered to reflect the characteristics of drug toxicity. Although almost all of the
biomarkers in blood were not sufficiently sensitive to detect proximal tubular injury,
urinary and plasma β2M levels simultaneously increased. Therefore, in addition to urinary
Kim-1, CysC and β2M levels, plasma β2M levels were also considered useful for detecting
proximal tubular injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kazunori Kuwata
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Itsuko Nakamura
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Mika Ide
- Research Strategy & Planning Department, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 2-2-50 Kawagishi, Toda, Saitama 335-8505, Japan
| | - Hiroko Sato
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Satomi Nishikawa
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
| | - Masaharu Tanaka
- Safety Research Laboratories, Research Division, Mitsubishi Tanabe Pharma Corporation, 1-1-1 Kazusakamatari, Kisarazu, Chiba 292-0818, Japan
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23
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Ramirez-Sandoval JC, Herrington W, Morales-Buenrostro LE. Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin in kidney transplantation: A review. Transplant Rev (Orlando) 2015; 29:139-44. [PMID: 26071983 DOI: 10.1016/j.trre.2015.04.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2015] [Revised: 04/08/2015] [Accepted: 04/30/2015] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Neutrophil gelatinase-associated lipocalin (NGAL) is a protein expressed by kidney tubular cells in response to ischemia, but may also be an early indicator of immunological rejection, calcineurin inhibitor toxicity, obstructive nephropathy, subclinical tubulitis or infection. Although there is currently no evidence to support the routine serial measurement of blood or urinary NGAL to detect subclinical acute tubular injury, NGAL has the potential to provide useful information to those that care for kidney transplant recipients (KTRs). First, high urinary or serum NGAL concentrations shortly after transplantation are a predictor of delayed graft function and are associated with reduced graft function at one year. Secondly, among KTRs with previously stable graft function who then suffer acute graft dysfunction, a high urinary NGAL predicts graft loss at one year. If further refined, diagnostic tests based on NGAL levels may provide future useful clinical tools.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan C Ramirez-Sandoval
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador, Zubirán, ZP 14000, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - William Herrington
- Oxford Kidney Unit, Oxford University Hospitals NHS Trust, Churchill Hospital, Headington, Oxford, OX3 7LJ, UK
| | - Luis E Morales-Buenrostro
- Department of Nephrology and Mineral Metabolism, National Institute of Medical Sciences and Nutrition Salvador, Zubirán, ZP 14000, Mexico City, Mexico.
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24
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Collino F, Bruno S, Incarnato D, Dettori D, Neri F, Provero P, Pomatto M, Oliviero S, Tetta C, Quesenberry PJ, Camussi G. AKI Recovery Induced by Mesenchymal Stromal Cell-Derived Extracellular Vesicles Carrying MicroRNAs. J Am Soc Nephrol 2015; 26:2349-60. [PMID: 25901032 DOI: 10.1681/asn.2014070710] [Citation(s) in RCA: 176] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2014] [Accepted: 11/09/2014] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Phenotypic changes induced by extracellular vesicles have been implicated in mesenchymal stromal cell-promoted recovery of AKI. MicroRNAs are potential candidates for cell reprogramming toward a proregenerative phenotype. The aim of this study was to evaluate whether microRNA deregulation inhibits the regenerative potential of mesenchymal stromal cells and derived extracellular vesicles in a model of glycerol-induced AKI in severe combined immunodeficient mice. We generated mesenchymal stromal cells depleted of Drosha to alter microRNA expression. Drosha-knockdown cells produced extracellular vesicles that did not differ from those of wild-type cells in quantity, surface molecule expression, and internalization within renal tubular epithelial cells. However, these vesicles showed global downregulation of microRNAs. Whereas wild-type mesenchymal stromal cells and derived vesicles administered intravenously induced morphologic and functional recovery in AKI, the Drosha-knockdown counterparts were ineffective. RNA sequencing analysis showed that kidney genes deregulated after injury were restored by treatment with mesenchymal stromal cells and derived vesicles but not with Drosha-knockdown cells and vesicles. Gene ontology analysis showed in AKI an association of downregulated genes with fatty acid metabolism and upregulated genes with inflammation, matrix-receptor interaction, and cell adhesion molecules. These alterations reverted after treatment with wild-type mesenchymal stromal cells and extracellular vesicles but not after treatment with the Drosha-knockdown counterparts. In conclusion, microRNA depletion in mesenchymal stromal cells and extracellular vesicles significantly reduced their intrinsic regenerative potential in AKI, suggesting a critical role of microRNAs in recovery after AKI.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Collino
- Department of Medical Sciences, Translational Center of Regenerative Medicine, Fresenius Medical Care S.p.A
| | - Stefania Bruno
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Healthy Sciences, and
| | - Danny Incarnato
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology and Human Genetics Foundation, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Daniela Dettori
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Healthy Sciences, and Department of Life Sciences and System Biology and Human Genetics Foundation, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Francesco Neri
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology and Human Genetics Foundation, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Paolo Provero
- Department of Molecular Biotechnology and Healthy Sciences, and Center for Translational Genomics and Bioinformatics, San Raffaele Scientific Institute, Milan, Italy; and
| | | | - Salvatore Oliviero
- Department of Life Sciences and System Biology and Human Genetics Foundation, University of Torino, Torino, Italy
| | - Ciro Tetta
- Translational Center of Regenerative Medicine, Fresenius Medical Care S.p.A., EMEA Fresenius Medical Care, Bad Homburg, Germany
| | - Peter J Quesenberry
- Department of Medicine, The Warren Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, Rhode Island
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25
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Participation of bone morphogenetic protein (BMP)-6 and osteopontin in cisplatin (CDDP)-induced rat renal fibrosis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2015; 67:99-107. [DOI: 10.1016/j.etp.2014.10.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/05/2014] [Revised: 10/02/2014] [Accepted: 10/21/2014] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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26
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Bouquegneau A, Krzesinski JM, Delanaye P, Cavalier E. Biomarkers and physiopathology in the cardiorenal syndrome. Clin Chim Acta 2014; 443:100-7. [PMID: 25444738 DOI: 10.1016/j.cca.2014.10.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2014] [Revised: 10/14/2014] [Accepted: 10/27/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Acute cardiorenal syndrome (CRS) corresponds to an association of acute heart failure and a worsening of renal function. The detection of acute kidney injury (AKI) unfortunately occurs at a late stage of CRS, leading to an increased mortality of the patients. In this review, we described the pathophysiology of CRS and discussed the potential interest of biochemical biomarkers (namely creatinine, cystatin C, NGAL, KIM-1, fatty acid binding protein, Nacetyl-β-D-glucosaminidase and IL-18) that could potentially help to detect AKI earlier and thus reduce the morbi-mortality of the patients suffering from CRS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoine Bouquegneau
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium.
| | - Jean-Marie Krzesinski
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Pierre Delanaye
- Department of Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
| | - Etienne Cavalier
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Liège, CHU Sart Tilman, 4000 Liège, Belgium
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