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Quero AAM, Pedrosa A, Gorla NBM. Liver and kidney damage in quail embryos hatched from eggs sprayed once with chlorpyrifos during artificial incubation. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:1285-1291. [PMID: 38206562 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10298-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2023] [Accepted: 01/06/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
Birds have enough conditions to be used as bioindicators for the presence of environmental contaminants. Notably, chlorpyrifos (CPF) remains extensively employed in Argentina, particularly in fruit plantations and livestock settings This study aimed to assess the potential impacts of CPF on common quail (Coturnix coturnix) embryos through external eggshell application during key embryonic stages (days 1, 4, and 14). Concentrations equivalent to those used in fruit applications, 5× and 10 × (38.4, 192, and 384 µg/egg), were employed. A 48% commercial formulation of CPF (Pirfos - Icona®) was utilized. An increase in embryonic deaths, as well as a statistical association between the degree of liver or kidney lesions and CPF concentrations was observed. The results suggest that CPF can induce embryotoxic effects with a single exposure to quail embryos and compromise the viability of the organisms. The study suggests a potential exposure risk for embryos through contact with the insecticide on the eggshell's exterior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arnoldo A M Quero
- Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza (UMaza), Mendoza, Argentina.
| | - Analía Pedrosa
- Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza (UMaza), Mendoza, Argentina
| | - Nora B M Gorla
- Laboratorio de Genética, Ambiente y Reproducción, Facultad de Ciencias Veterinarias y Ambientales, Universidad Juan Agustín Maza (UMaza), Mendoza, Argentina
- Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Mendoza, Argentina
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2
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Felix-Nascimento G, Lucena RB, da Fonseca CF, da Silva IJS, de Moraes CCN, de Carvalho CAC, de Moura GJB, Vieira FM, Ribeiro LB, de Oliveira JB. Mineral profile and histopathological findings in the liver of white-lipped frog (Leptodactylidae) from the morphoclimatic domain of the Caatingas, Brazil. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2024; 31:10750-10765. [PMID: 38206463 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-024-31908-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 01/03/2024] [Indexed: 01/12/2024]
Abstract
This study aimed to investigate the mineral profile and histopathological findings in the liver of Leptodactylus macrosternum (white-lipped frog) and to assess the association between melanomacrophage areas and hepatic fungal granuloma with several factors such as weight, snout-cloacal length, sex, hepatosomatic index, season (dry and rainy), and condition factor K. A total of 135 frogs of different ages were collected from three areas in the city of Petrolina, Pernambuco, with varying land use (conventional agriculture, organic agriculture, and Caatinga stricto sensu). The liver of all specimens exhibited changes such as granulomatous lesions, inflammatory cell infiltrate, blood vessel congestion, and sinusoid dilation. The melanomacrophage areas were influenced by weight, snout-cloacal length, and hepatosomatic index. Our findings revealed a positive correlation between body size (weight and snout-cloacal length) and melanomacrophage/hepatic granuloma, while the hepatosomatic index showed a negative relationship. For the condition factor K, only age presents relationship. Eleven elements were quantified for the mineral profile, with aluminum (Al), iron (Fe), and zinc (Zn) being the most abundant in both liver and muscle. Although the histopathological findings and mineral profile of the liver and muscle in this study indicate an effect on the health of L. macrosternum in different collection areas, confirming the relationship between environmental characteristics and these findings requires future studies. Furthermore, long-term studies would be necessary to allow the monitoring of all stages of development of these populations, from tadpoles to adults, for a better evaluation of these effects in L. macrosternum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriela Felix-Nascimento
- Laboratory of Anatomy of Domestic and Wild Animals (LAADS), Federal University of the San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, Km. 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-000, Brazil.
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Bioscience (PPGBA), Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil.
- Federal University of the San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, Km. 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-000, Brazil.
| | - Ricardo Barbosa Lucena
- Microscopy Sector of the Center for Agricultural Sciences, Federal University of Paraiba (UFPB), Rodovia PB 079, Km 12, Areia, Paraíba, 58.397-000, Brazil
| | - Cristina Farias da Fonseca
- Brazilian Institute for the Environment and Renewable Natural Resources (IBAMA), Casa Forte, Av. 17 de Agosto 1057, Recife, Pernambuco, 52060-590, Brazil
| | - Iago José Santos da Silva
- Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Caio Carvalho Novais de Moraes
- Federal University of the San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, Km. 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-000, Brazil
| | - Carla Adrielle Costa de Carvalho
- Federal University of the San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, Km. 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-000, Brazil
| | - Geraldo Jorge Barbosa de Moura
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Bioscience (PPGBA), Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
- Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
| | - Fabiano Matos Vieira
- Federal University of the San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, Km. 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-000, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Barros Ribeiro
- Federal University of the San Francisco Valley (UNIVASF), Rodovia BR-407, Km. 12 Lote 543 S/n Projeto de Irrigação Nilo Coelho, Petrolina, Pernambuco, 56300-000, Brazil
| | - Jaqueline Bianque de Oliveira
- Postgraduate Program in Animal Bioscience (PPGBA), Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
- Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
- Parasitology Laboratory (LAPAR), Rural Federal University of Pernambuco (UFRPE), Rua Dom Manuel de Medeiros, S/N, Dois Irmãos, Recife, Pernambuco, 52171-900, Brazil
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3
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Burraco P, Salla RF, Orizaola G. Exposure to ionizing radiation and liver histopathology in the tree frogs of Chornobyl (Ukraine). CHEMOSPHERE 2023; 315:137753. [PMID: 36608893 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2023.137753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2022] [Revised: 12/30/2022] [Accepted: 01/02/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Ionizing radiation has the potential to damage organic molecules and decrease the health and survival of wildlife. The accident at the Chornobyl Nuclear Plant (Ukraine, 1986) led to the largest release of radioactive material to the environment. Among the different organs of a vertebrate, the liver plays a crucial role in detoxification processes, and has been used as a biomarker to investigate cellular damage in ecotoxicological research. Here, we examined the impact of the exposure to the current levels of ionizing radiation present in the Chornobyl Exclusion Zone on the liver of Eastern tree frogs (Hyla orientalis). We quantified the area of melanomacrophage cells and morphological variables of hepatocytes, two cell types often used to estimate damage caused by pollutants in vertebrates. First, we investigated whether these hepatic parameters were indicative of frog (individual) condition. Then, we analyzed the effect of individual absorbed dose rates and ambient radiation levels on frog livers. Most of the studied parameters were correlated with individual body condition (a good predictor of amphibian fitness and survival). We did not detect marked morphological lesions in the liver of frogs captured in medium-high radiation environments. The area occupied by melanomacrophages and the morphology of hepatocytes did not change across a gradient of radiocontamination covering two orders of magnitude. Once accounting for body condition and sampling locality, the area of melanomacrophages was lower in areas with high radiation levels. Finally, the area occupied by melanomacrophages was not linked to dorsal skin coloration. Our results indicate that current levels of radiation experienced by tree frogs in Chornobyl do not cause histopathological damage in their liver. These results agree with previous physiological work in the species in the Chornobyl area, and encourage further molecular and physiological research to fully disentangle the current impact of the Chornobyl accident on wildlife.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Burraco
- Animal Ecology, Department of Ecology and Genetics, Evolutionary Biology Centre, Uppsala University, 75236, Uppsala, Sweden; Doñana Biological Station, Spanish Research Council (EBD-CSIC), 41092, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Raquel Fernanda Salla
- Postgraduate Program of Biotechnology and Environmental Monitoring, Federal University of São Carlos, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Institute of Tropical Pathology and Public Health, Federal University of Goiás, 74605-050, Goiania, Goias, Brazil
| | - Germán Orizaola
- IMIB-Biodiversity Research Institute (Univ. Oviedo-CSIC-Princip. Asturias), University of Oviedo, 33600, Mieres, Asturias, Spain; Zoology Unit, Department of Biology of Organisms and Systems, University of Oviedo, 33071, Oviedo, Asturias, Spain.
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4
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Assis RA, Rezende WR, Dos Santos CGA, Benvindo-Souza M, Amorim NPL, Borges RE, Franco-Belussi L, De Oliveira C, de Souza Santos LR. Habitat differences affect the nuclear morphology of the erythrocytes and the hepatic melanin in Leptodactylus fuscus (Anura) in the Brazilian Cerrado savanna. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:60741-60752. [PMID: 34165732 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-021-14974-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2021] [Accepted: 06/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
The sensitivity of anuran to the effects of habitat destruction and contamination has led to a preoccupying global decline in their populations. Morphological biomarkers such as micronuclei and other erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities (ENAs), as well as the occurrence of hepatic melanin, can be used to evaluate the effects of habitat impacts. In the present study, these two parameters were combined for the in situ assessment of the effects of soybean cultivation on the grassfrog, Leptodactylus fuscus. Specimens were also collected from a protected area to provide a reference site (non-agricultural environment). The frequency of some of the nuclear abnormalities in the animals from the soybean plantation was much higher than that recorded at the reference site, in particular micronuclei, which were 3.6 times more frequent in the plantation, lobulated nuclei (3.4 times more frequent), and reniform nuclei, which were four times more common than at the reference site. The combined analysis of all the ENAs together also revealed a frequency approximately 1.4 times higher in the animals from the soybean plantation, in comparison with the protected area. Smaller areas of hepatic melanin were observed in the specimens from the soybean plantation. These results provide further evidence of the sensitivity of anurans to habitat impacts and indicate that animals found in soybean plantations are susceptible to systematic alterations of their cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rhayane Alves Assis
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics (EcotoxSA), Goiano Federal Institute, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil.
- Department of Biology, Paulista State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, CEP 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Wadson Rodrigues Rezende
- Department of Biology, Paulista State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, CEP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Cirley Gomes Araújo Dos Santos
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics (EcotoxSA), Goiano Federal Institute, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil
| | - Marcelino Benvindo-Souza
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics (EcotoxSA), Goiano Federal Institute, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil
- Mutagenesis Laboratory, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Goiás, Goiânia, Goiás, CEP 74690-900, Brazil
| | - Nathan Pereira Lima Amorim
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics (EcotoxSA), Goiano Federal Institute, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil
| | | | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Department of Biology, Paulista State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, CEP 15054-000, Brazil
- Institute of Biosciences, Federal University of Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, CEP 79002-970, Brazil
| | - Classius De Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Paulista State University "Júlio de Mesquita Filho", São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, CEP 15054-000, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel de Souza Santos
- Laboratory of Ecotoxicology and Animal Systematics (EcotoxSA), Goiano Federal Institute, Rio Verde, Goiás, CEP 75901-970, Brazil.
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Pérez-Iglesias JM, Fanali LZ, Franco-Belussi L, Natale GS, De Oliveira C, Brodeur JC, Larramendy ML. Multiple Level Effects of Imazethapyr on Leptodactylus latinasus (Anura) Adult Frogs. ARCHIVES OF ENVIRONMENTAL CONTAMINATION AND TOXICOLOGY 2021; 81:492-506. [PMID: 34406426 DOI: 10.1007/s00244-021-00880-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2020] [Accepted: 08/05/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Imazethapyr is an herbicide that is used in a variety of crops worldwide, including soybean and corn. The aim of the present study was to evaluate the biomarkers responses of adult Leptodactylus latinasus exposed to the formulation Pivot® H (10.59% imazethapyr) in the laboratory at concentrations and under conditions that simulate two potential field exposure scenarios: an immersion in field runoff (Scenario 1: 10 mg/L) and a direct exposure to the droplets emitted by spray noozles (Scenario 2: 1000 mg/L). In both scenarios, the experimental procedure involved completely immersing the frogs over a period of 15 s. Different endpoints were evaluated at several ecotoxicological levels 48 and 96 h after the herbicide exposure. These included individual (biometric indices and behavior alterations), histological (liver pigments and lesions), biochemical (catalase, glutathione system and cholinesterase activities) and genotoxic effects (micronuclei induction and nuclear abnormalities). Forty-eight hours after imazethapyr exposure, frogs submitted to Scenario 1 presented an inhibition of liver glutathione-S-transferase activity, whereas histological alterations and increased hepatic cholinesterase levels were observed in frogs exposed under Scenario 2. Ninety-six hours after exposure to the imazethapyr formulation, frogs from the Scenario 1 treatment presented a decrease in liver melanin and hemosiderin, increased hepatic catalase activity and micronuclei induction. For their part, frogs exposed to Scenario 2 presented a decrease in the hepatosomatic index, an increase in liver alterations, melanin reduction and micronuclei induction. The multivariate analysis enables correlations to be made between biomarkers of different organizational level in exposed anurans. Our result indicates that real exposure to imazethapyr formulations under field conditions may pose a risk to Leptodactylus latinasus populations living in the agroecosystems.
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Affiliation(s)
- J M Pérez-Iglesias
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 115, B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina.
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nº 3, B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina.
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, CONICET, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Ejército de los Andes 950, D5700BWS, San Luis, Argentina.
| | - L Z Fanali
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, IBILCE-UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - L Franco-Belussi
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, IBILCE-UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, 15054-000, Brazil
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental (LAPEx), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brasil
| | - G S Natale
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), CONICET, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 47 y 115, B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina
| | - C De Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, IBILCE-UNESP, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, 15054-000, Brazil
| | - J C Brodeur
- Instituto de Recursos Biológicos, Centro de Investigaciones de Recursos Naturales (CIRN), CONICET, Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA), B1686 , Hurlingham, Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - M L Larramendy
- Cátedra de Citología, Facultad de Ciencias Naturales y Museo, CONICET, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, Calle 64 Nº 3, B1904AMA, La Plata, Argentina
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Fanali LZ, Sturve J, de Oliveira C. Exposure of Physalaemus cuvieri (Anura) to benzo[a]pyrene and α-naphthoflavone: Morphofunctional effects on hepatic melanomacrophages and erythrocytes abnormalities. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2021; 285:117526. [PMID: 34380224 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2021.117526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2021] [Revised: 05/06/2021] [Accepted: 05/18/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a high-risk contaminant of elevated toxicity. Its biotransformation process occurs as the expression of CYP1A1 increases and produces toxic metabolites. In turn, α-naphthoflavone (aNF) represents an inhibitor of CYP1A1, preventing BaP metabolism. Toxicological studies in anurans show alterations in the melanomacrophage (MM) detoxification cell after exposure to xenobiotics. In this study, the production of melanin by MMs was evaluated, as were morphological alterations in the cytoskeleton, phagocytosis and the genotoxicity effects after exposure of an anuran species to BaP and aNF. Physalaemus cuvieri received subcutaneous injections of 2 mg/kg and/or 20 mg/kg aNF. For phagocytosis analyses, animals received an intraperitoneal injection with 0.4% trypan blue. The results revealed that melanin synthesis increased by 503.2% in animals exposed to BaP after 48 h, which was related to the antioxidant action of melanin, whereas the decreased in synthesis of 25.6% with the BaP + aNF interaction resulted in high toxicity to MMs and cell degeneration. The phagocytic activity reduced to 37.6% in animals exposed to BaP, characterizing a functional impairment; however, the BaP + aNF interaction led to the restoration of phagocytosis, reaching 419.23%. The decreased rate or absence of abnormalities may be explained by the fact that only the less damaged erythrocytes remained in the bloodstream, whereas the most damaged cells died. In conclusion, BaP and aNF are toxic to P. cuvieri, bringing risks to herpetofauna.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Zácari Fanali
- Graduate Program in Animal Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Joachim Sturve
- Department of Biological and Environmental Sciences, University of Gothenburg, Göteborg 405 30, Box 463, Sweden
| | - Classius de Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15054-000, Brazil
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Grott SC, Bitschinski D, Israel NG, Abel G, da Silva SP, Alves TC, Lima D, Bainy ACD, Mattos JJ, da Silva EB, de Albuquerque CAC, de Almeida EA. Influence of temperature on biomarker responses and histology of the liver of American bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus, Shaw, 1802) exposed to the herbicide Tebuthiuron. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2021; 771:144971. [PMID: 33545471 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2021.144971] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2020] [Revised: 12/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/29/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Tebuthiuron (TBU) is a phenylurea herbicide that is extensively used in sugarcane fields. Owing to the low degradation rate, high water solubility, and leaching potential, TBU is believed to have harmful effects on aquatic organisms, such as anuran tadpoles. Contaminant effects can be influenced by temperature since increases in temperature are often associated with increased metabolic reactions. In this study, we evaluated the influence of temperature on the negative effects of TBU in bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) through a multi-biomarker approach. Tadpoles were exposed to 0 (control) 10, 50, and 200 ng L-1 of TBU for 16 days at 25 and 32 °C. TBU increased the transcript levels of genes involved in biotransformation (glutathione S-transferase, GST, and sulfotransferase, SULT) and antioxidant (superoxide dismutase, SOD, and catalase, CAT) enzymes. TBU exposure also increased CAT and glutathione peroxidase (GPx) activities, whereas SOD and carboxylesterase activities were decreased. The highest temperature caused a decrease in the activities of ethoxyresorufin-O-deethylase and SOD but increased the activities of GST, GPx, glucose 6-phosphate dehydrogenase, and acetylcholinesterase. No effects of temperature or TBU exposure were observed in genotoxic markers (frequencies of micronucleous and nuclear abnormalities) or in lipid peroxidation levels. Tadpoles exposed to TBU at all tested concentrations presented a higher index of biomarker responses than that of the control groups. Higher values of severity scores from histological analyses were found in the liver of tadpoles exposed to 50 and 200 ng L-1 of TBU at 32 °C compared with those of the control group at the same temperature. These results indicate that TBU and temperature increases are able to disturb the metabolic homeostasis of L. catesbeianus tadpoles after 16 days of exposure, causing substantial alterations in biomarker responses and liver morphology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suelen Cristina Grott
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Daiane Bitschinski
- Department of Natural Science, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Gustavo Abel
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil; Department of Natural Science, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | | | - Thiago Caique Alves
- Environmental Engineering Post-Graduation Program, University of Blumenau, Blumenau, SC, Brazil
| | - Daína Lima
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Afonso Celso Dias Bainy
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Jacó Joaquim Mattos
- Laboratory of Biomarkers of Aquatic Contamination and Immunochemistry, Department of Biochemistry, Federal University of Santa Catarina, UFSC, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Santos AT, Valverde BSL, De Oliveira C, Franco-Belussi L. Genotoxic and melanic alterations in Lithobates catesbeianus (anura) tadpoles exposed to fipronil insecticide. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:20072-20081. [PMID: 33405149 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-11948-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to evaluate the genotoxic and morphological systemic effects of both an acute and a chronic exposure of bullfrog tadpoles to fipronil. Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles had morphological biomarkers (skin, liver, and blood) analyzed at Gosner stages 36-38, when exposed to four different concentrations of Regent® 800 WG (80% fipronil): 0.00 (control), 0.04, 0.08, 0.4 mg/L, and four experimental times: 4, 8, 12, and 16 days. Body darkness responded directly to the treatment and exposure time. There was a treatment-dependent decrease in darkness of heads and tails. In relation to the biometric analysis, fipronil induced a decrease in the individual weight and liver mass at the end of the experiments, whereas the hepatosomatic index did not vary according to the treatment. For the exposed animals and for the control group, the area of hepatic melanin increased as exposure time increased. Fipronil has genotoxic effects on L. catesbeianus tadpoles even after short exposure times (e.g., 4 and 8 days), and the main nuclear abnormality is in the anucleate cells. A relevant correlation was observed between genotoxic biomarkers and cutaneous and internal melanin. The frequency of nuclear abnormalities is inversely correlated both with the hepatic melanin area and with the cutaneous melanin of animals. Fipronil has distinct systemic effects on tadpoles based on its concentration, as well as on its exposure time. Such alterations (pigmentation level and rate of erythrocyte abnormality) result in morphological and physiological effects, which may compromise the behavior and survival of the anurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arleto T Santos
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno S L Valverde
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biodiversidade, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Classius De Oliveira
- Departmento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista Júlio de Mesquita Filho, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Campus São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, CEP: 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Laboratório de Patologia Experimental, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
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Franco-Belussi L, Jones-Costa M, Salla RF, Souza BFS, Pinto-Vidal FA, Oliveira CR, Silva-Zacarin ECM, Abdalla FC, Duarte ICS, De Oliveira C. Hepatotoxicity of the anionic surfactant linear alkylbenzene sulphonate (LAS) in bullfrog tadpoles. CHEMOSPHERE 2021; 266:129014. [PMID: 33250231 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.129014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/19/2020] [Revised: 11/12/2020] [Accepted: 11/14/2020] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
The liver of anurans play an important role in metabolism, including detoxification, the biotransformation of molecules, and the storage of metabolites. Surfactants are part of domestic and industrial effluents. The effects of linear alkylbenzene sulfonate (LAS) on anuran liver remain unknown, however, some studies have evaluated the effects of LAS on the skin, gills, heart, testes, and liver of fishes. Here, we tested the hypothesis that LAS is hepatotoxic, promoting morphometric alterations in hepatocytes along with inflammation in the tissue, altering hepatic catabolism. We evaluated the effects of a LAS concentration that is considered environmentally safe in Brazilian inland waters on the liver of Lithobates catesbeianus tadpoles, including studies on morphology, morphometry, immunology, and metabolism. LAS exposure promoted enlargement of liver sinusoids and vacuolization of hepatocytes. Exposure to LAS also increased the area of mast cells and melanomacrophages (MMs). Additionally, LAS exposure increased hemosiderin inside MMs, suggesting alterations in the catabolism and storage of iron. Hepatocyte size increased after exposure to LAS, suggesting cytotoxic effects. Integrative analyses (i.e., morphometric, metabolic, and immunological) demonstrated hepatotoxic effects of LAS. These types of studies are key to understanding the negative effects of these substances on tadpole health, as these liver alterations impair anuran homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Laboratório de Patologia Experimental (LAPEx), Instituto de Biociências (INBIO), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil.
| | - Monica Jones-Costa
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Raquel Fernanda Salla
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Bruno Fernando Santos Souza
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Felipe Augusto Pinto-Vidal
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil; RECETOX, Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Kamenice 753/5, Pavilion A29, 625 00 Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Cristiane Ronchi Oliveira
- Laboratório de Fisiologia da Conservação (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Fabio Camargo Abdalla
- Laboratório de Biologia Estrutural e Funcional, Universidade Federal de São Carlos, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Classius De Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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10
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Fanali LZ, Freitas JS, Franco‐Belussi L, Taboga SR, de Oliveira C. Liver description in three neotropical anuran species: from anatomy to ultrastructure. ACTA ZOOL-STOCKHOLM 2021. [DOI: 10.1111/azo.12373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Lara Zácari Fanali
- Programa de Pós‐Graduação em Biologia Animal Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São José do Rio Preto Brazil
| | | | - Lilian Franco‐Belussi
- Instituto de Biociências Universidade Federal do Mato Grosso do Sul (UFMS) Campo Grande Brazil
| | | | - Classius de Oliveira
- Departmento de Biologia Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP) São José do Rio Preto Brazil
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11
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Alnoaimi F, Dane H, Şişman T. Histopathologic and genotoxic effects of deltamethrin on marsh frog, Pelophylax ridibundus (Anura: Ranidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 28:3331-3343. [PMID: 32914306 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-10711-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 09/01/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
It is known that amphibians inhabiting agricultural areas are constantly exposed to chemicals such as insecticides. Deltamethrin, a type II pyrethroid insecticide, is widely used in the world. The present study aimed to investigate the toxic effects of different concentrations (0.625, 1.25, and 2.50 mg/kg body wt) of orally applied deltamethrin to marsh frog (Pelophylax ridibundus) after 96 h of treatment. The histopathological abnormalities in liver, gastrointestinal tract, and kidney tissues were evaluated with quantitative analyses. In liver, increase of melanomacrophagic aggregates, non-homogeneous hepatocyte parenchyma, sinusoidal dilatations, infiltration, vascular epithelial degeneration, central vein degeneration, and congestion were determined in exposed frogs. In gastrointestinal tract, vacuolization, hypertrophy, congestion, infiltration, necrosis, and erosion of the epithelial layer, increasing goblet secretion, degeneration in villi, epithelial disorganization, and edema were observed in high-dose groups. In all experimental groups, glomerular shrinkage, hemorrhage, degeneration, infiltration, increase in Bowman distance, and eosinophilic-stained tubular lumens were detected in kidneys. Histopathological changes were more prominent in 1.25 and 2.50 mg/kg groups than the other groups. To determine the genotoxic effects of deltamethrin, the peripheral blood samples of the frogs were used. The erythrocytic nuclear abnormalities such as micro-nucleus, double-nucleus, kidney-shaped nucleus, notched nucleus, and bud nucleus were determined in the frogs, and the genotoxicity did not show a significant increase between control and low-dose groups, statistically. However, the genotoxic effects increased in medium- and especially high-dose groups. The results of this study showed that acute deltamethrin exposure can lead to histopathologic and genotoxic effects in P. ridibundus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Faten Alnoaimi
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Hatice Dane
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Turgay Şişman
- Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Ataturk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
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12
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Salla RF, Jones-Costa M, Abdalla FC, Vidal FAP, Boeing GANS, Oliveira CR, Silva-Zacarin ECM, Franco-Belussi L, Rizzi-Possignolo GM, Lambertini C, Toledo LF. Differential liver histopathological responses to amphibian chytrid infection. DISEASES OF AQUATIC ORGANISMS 2020; 142:177-187. [PMID: 33331285 DOI: 10.3354/dao03541] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Amphibians have been facing a pandemic caused by the deadly fungus Batrachochytrium dendrobatidis (Bd). Although studies have elucidated cutaneous and homeostatic disturbances, it is still unknown if the hepatic function can be affected or if hepatic effects differ among host species. Thus, we evaluated the effects of an experimental Bd infection on the liver (histopathology and the hepatosomatic index) of 2 anuran species (Xenopus laevis and Physalaemus albonotatus) with different susceptibilities to Bd infection and compared them to uninfected controls. Bd infection increased the melanomacrophage cell area and induced leukocyte infiltration in both species. The effects were more pronounced in the sensitive species, P. albonotatus, which showed severe reduction in glycogen stores and liver atrophy, due to energetic imbalance. Hepatocytes of P. albonotatus also showed ballooning degeneration (vacuolization), which could lead to cell death and liver failure. Our results provide evidence that although the sensitive species showed more severe effects, the tolerant species also had hepatic responses to the infection. These findings indicate that hepatic function can play an important role in detoxification and in immune responses to chytridiomycosis, and that it may be used as a new biomarker of health status in chytrid infections.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raquel F Salla
- Laboratory of Natural History of Brazilian Amphibians, Biology Institute, State University of Campinas, Campinas, São Paulo 13083-862, Brazil
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13
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Bernabò I, Guardia A, Macirella R, Sesti S, Tripepi S, Brunelli E. Tissues injury and pathological changes in Hyla intermedia juveniles after chronic larval exposure to tebuconazole. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2020; 205:111367. [PMID: 32971454 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2020.111367] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2020] [Revised: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 09/13/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Tebuconazole (TBZ), an azole pesticide, is one of the most frequently detected fungicides in surface water. Despite its harmful effects, mainly related to endocrine disturbance, the consequences of TBZ exposure in amphibians remain poorly understood. Here, we investigated the adverse and delayed effects of TBZ chronic exposure on a native anuran species, often inhabiting cultivated areas, the Italian tree frog (Hyla intermedia). To disclose the multiple mechanisms of action through which TBZ exerts its toxicity we exposed tadpoles over the whole larval period to two sublethal TBZ concentrations (5 and 50 μg/L), and we evaluated histological alterations in three target organs highly susceptible to xenobiotics: liver, kidney, and gonads. We also assessed morphometric and gravimetric parameters: snout-vent length (SVL), body mass (BM), liver somatic index (LSI), and gonad-mesonephros complex index (GMCI) and determined sex ratio, gonadal development, and differentiation. Our results show that TBZ induces irreversible effects on multiple target organs in H. intermedia, exerting its harmful effects through several pathological pathways, including a massive inflammatory response. Moreover, TBZ markedly affects sexual differentiation also by inducing the appearance of sexually undetermined individuals and a general delay of germ cell maturation. Given the paucity of data on the effects of TBZ in amphibians, our results will contribute to a better understanding of the environmental risk posed by this fungicide to the most endangered group of vertebrates.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bernabò
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
| | - Antonello Guardia
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rachele Macirella
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Settimio Sesti
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Sandro Tripepi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Elvira Brunelli
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
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14
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Franco-Belussi L, Provete DB, Borges RE, De Oliveira C, Santos LRS. Idiosyncratic liver pigment alterations of five frog species in response to contrasting land use patterns in the Brazilian Cerrado. PeerJ 2020; 8:e9751. [PMID: 32913675 PMCID: PMC7456255 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.9751] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2020] [Accepted: 07/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Changes in land use trigger environmental changes that can lead to decreased biodiversity and species loss. The liver is an essential detoxification organ that reflects systemic physiological responses to environmental changes. Here, we tested whether contrasting land use patterns influence the amount of substances from the hepatic cellular catabolism and melanomacrophages (MMs) of five anuran species in the Brazilian Cerrado. METHODS We collected the same five species of pond-dwelling frogs in one protected area and in an area with intense agricultural activity. We used routine histological and histochemical techniques to quantify the area occupied by lipofuscin, melanin, and hemosiderin in the liver of two frogs Leptodactylus fuscus, Physalaemus cuvieri, and three tree-frogs Dendropsophus minutus, Scinax fuscomarginatus, and Boana albopunctata. We classified land use types in a buffer around each pond based on satellite images. We then used a double-constrained Correspondence Analysis, a recently developed ecological method to relate functional traits to environmental variables, to test the effect of each land use type on the area of each liver pigment. RESULTS There was an increase in the amount of melanin in environments with high proportion of agriculture, as well as variation in the amount of lipofuscin and hemosiderin. Liver pigments of P. cuvieri and B. albopunctata varied more strongly in response to land use types, suggesting they could be good indicator species. Therefore, the area of MMs in the liver and the metabolic products in their cytoplasm can be used as biomarkers of environmental changes in regions with intense agricultural activities. Our results add a new perspective to the influence of land use patterns on environmental health by highlighting the effect of environmental changes on internal morphological aspects of animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Diogo B. Provete
- Instituto de Biociências, Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, Campo Grande, Mato Grosso do Sul, Brazil
- Gothenburg Global Biodiversity Centre, Gothenburg, Västra Götaland, Sweden
| | - Rinneu E. Borges
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade de Rio Verde, Rio Verde, Goias, Brazil
| | - Classius De Oliveira
- Departamento de Biologia, Universidade Estadual Paulista, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lia Raquel S. Santos
- Instituto Federal de Educação, Ciência e Tecnologia Goiano, Rio Verde, Goias, Brazil
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15
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Riaño C, Ortiz-Ruiz M, Pinto-Sánchez NR, Gómez-Ramírez E. Effect of glyphosate (Roundup Active®) on liver of tadpoles of the colombian endemic frog Dendropsophus molitor (amphibia: Anura). CHEMOSPHERE 2020; 250:126287. [PMID: 32135436 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2020.126287] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2019] [Revised: 02/13/2020] [Accepted: 02/19/2020] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate-based herbicide (GBH) using is increasing on a global scale. Few studies have investigated the sub-lethal effects of GBH in endemic amphibian species. The present work tested the GBH Roundup Active® on the tadpoles of Dendropsophus molitor. The exposure was in a range of plausible environmental concentrations (0-0.75 μg a.e./L) during a month. D. molitor is an endemic tropical frog of South America. The exposure from 325 μg a.e./L caused histological alterations in the liver. The high-resolution optical microscopy (HROM) detected sinusoidal dilatation and cytoplasmic vacuolization. The transmission electron microscopy (TEM) showed disorganization of the endoplasmic reticulum. Since the liver is essential for detoxification, these results suggest choric effects. Exposure to another GBH has caused histological alterations in liver tadpoles liver in a previous study, but, this study tested another endemic South-American frog for only 96h. The present work applied HROM to observe lipid alterations since it does not use organic solvents; and TEM for the ultrastructural observation of hepatocytes. Environmental risk of GBH can improve by including sub-lethal effects in endemic species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Camilo Riaño
- Grupo de ecotoxicología, Evolución, Medio ambiente y Conservación, Facultad de Ciencias básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Colombia.
| | - Mónica Ortiz-Ruiz
- Grupo de ecotoxicología, Evolución, Medio ambiente y Conservación, Facultad de Ciencias básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Colombia
| | - Nelsy Rocío Pinto-Sánchez
- Grupo de ecotoxicología, Evolución, Medio ambiente y Conservación, Facultad de Ciencias básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Colombia
| | - Edwin Gómez-Ramírez
- Grupo de ecotoxicología, Evolución, Medio ambiente y Conservación, Facultad de Ciencias básicas y Aplicadas, Universidad Militar Nueva Granada, Colombia
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16
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Wardoyo AYP, Juswono UP, Noor JAE. The association between the diesel exhaust particle exposure from bus emission and the tubular epithelial cell deformation of rats. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2020; 27:23073-23080. [PMID: 32333344 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-020-08752-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2019] [Accepted: 04/03/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The diesel vehicle emissions regarding particles have become a problem due to human health adversely. Especially ultrafine particles (diameter ≤ 100 nm) can deeply penetrate the human body leading to cell deformation. Investigation of the diesel ultrafine particle exposure to the cell deformation has become a challenge to build up understanding the impacts of ultrafine particles on human health. Moreover, the relationship between high exposure to diesel ultrafine particles and the deformation of the rat's tubular epithelial cells is not clear. In this study, we investigated the impact of the diesel ultrafine particle exposure to the rat's tubular cells. Three diesel busses were used as the sources of the particles, while 50 rats were used as the experimental animals. The diesel emission was filtered using an N95 particulate filter and a suction pump. The rats were exposed to the diesel ultrafine particle emission for 100 s with three different concentrations C1, C2, and C3 for eight consecutive days. All rats were sacrificed on the day after exposures to examine the histological images. The results showed that the deformation level of the tubular epithelial cells was positively associated with the concentration of the ultrafine particles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arinto Yudi Ponco Wardoyo
- Laboratory of Air Quality and Astro Imaging, Physics Department, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 65145, Malang, Indonesia.
| | - Unggul Pundjung Juswono
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Physics Department, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 65145, Malang, Indonesia
| | - Johan Andoyo Effendi Noor
- Laboratory of Biophysics, Physics Department, Brawijaya University, Jl. Veteran 65145, Malang, Indonesia
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17
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Wu P, Xie L, Mo W, Wang B, Ge H, Sun X, Tian Y, Zhao R, Zhu F, Zhang Y, Wang Y. The biodegradation of carbaryl in soil with Rhodopseudomonas capsulata in wastewater treatment effluent. JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT 2019; 249:109226. [PMID: 31442909 DOI: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2019.06.127] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2018] [Revised: 06/20/2019] [Accepted: 06/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
In this study, the effects of Rhodopseudomonas capsulata present in wastewater effluent on the biodegradation of carbaryl in soil and improvement of soil fertility were investigated. Compared to control treatment, carbaryl was removed efficiently and soil fertility was remediated with the addition of effluent containing R. capsulata. Molecular analysis revealed that carbaryl induced carbaryl hydrolase gene expression to synthesize carbaryl hydrolase through activating MAPKKKs, MAPKKs, MAPKs genes in MAPK signal transduction pathway. The induction and secretion of carbaryl hydrolase occur after one day in R. capsulata, which can be attributed to its characteristics as an ancient bacteria, which require acclimatization to carbaryl before gene induction. However, lack of organics in soil and control treatment could not maintain R. capsulata growth for over one day. The residual organics in the effluent provided sufficient carbon source and energy for R. capsulata under four effluent treatments. This new method resulted in the remediation of carbaryl pollution and improvement of soil fertility and soybean processing wastewater treatment simultaneously, as well as the reutilization of wastewater and R. capsulata as sludge. Meanwhile, the high-order non-linear mathematical model about carbaryl removal rate was established.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wu
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Liying Xie
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Wentao Mo
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Bing Wang
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Hui Ge
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Xiaodong Sun
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Ying Tian
- Key Laboratory of Mariculture & Stock Enhancement in North China Sea, Ministry of Agriculture, Dalian Ocean University, Dalian, 116023, Liaoning, China
| | - Rou Zhao
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Feifei Zhu
- Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China.
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Wu P, Chen Z, Zhang Y, Wang Y, Zhu F, Cao B, Jin L, Hou Y, Wu Y, Li N. Carbaryl waste-water treatment by Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides. CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 233:597-602. [PMID: 31195264 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.05.237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2018] [Revised: 04/09/2019] [Accepted: 05/27/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
Carbaryl wastewater treatment and the resource recycling of biomass as sludge by Rhodopseudomonas sphaeroides (R. sphaeroides) with the assistance of starch processing wastewater (SPW) was investigated in this research. It was observed that carbaryl was not degraded under the 100, 500 mg/L COD groups. The addition of SPW assisted R. sphaeroides to degrade carbaryl efficiently. Carbaryl removal reached 100% after 5 days under the optimal group (3500 mg/L). Interestingly, carbaryl in the mixed wastewater began to be degraded after day 1. Further research indicated that cehA gene was expressed after day 1. Subsequently, carbaryl hydrolase was synthesized under gene regulation. Analysis revealed that cehA and carbaryl hydrolase were adaptive gene expressions and enzymes. Carbaryl as stimulus signal started cehA gene expression through signal transduction pathway. This process took one day for R. sphaeroides. However, organics in 100, 500 mg/L COD groups were deficient, which could not maintain R. sphaeroides growth for over one day. Organics in SPW provided sufficient carbon sources for R. sphaeroides under other groups. The method could complete the mixed (SPW and carbaryl) wastewater treatment, carbaryl removal, the resource recycling of R. sphaeroides biomass as sludge simultaneously.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pan Wu
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Zhaobo Chen
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ying Zhang
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China.
| | - Yanling Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Third Affiliated Hospital of SunYat-Sen University, Guangzhou, 510630, China
| | - Feifei Zhu
- Forest and Soil Ecology, Institute of Applied Ecology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenyang, 110164, China
| | - Bo Cao
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Liming Jin
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yanxi Hou
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China
| | - Yuan Wu
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
| | - Ning Li
- School of Environment and Resources, Dalian Minzu University, Dalian, 116600, China; School of Resources and Environment, Northeast Agricultural University, Harbin, 150030, China
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19
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Pérez-Iglesias JM, Franco-Belussi L, Natale GS, de Oliveira C. Biomarkers at different levels of organisation after atrazine formulation (SIPTRAN 500SC ®) exposure in Rhinella schineideri (Anura: Bufonidae) Neotropical tadpoles. ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2019; 244:733-746. [PMID: 30384079 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.10.073] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2018] [Revised: 10/11/2018] [Accepted: 10/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Brazil is an important consumer of herbicides. In sugarcane cultivation-the country's most extensive agricultural crop-atrazine-based formulations are the principal form of weed control. Several studies have investigated adverse effects of atrazine or their formulations on anurans, but not specifically on Brazilian species. Our aim was therefore to investigate the lethal and sublethal effects of an atrazine-based herbicide in Rhinella schneideri tadpoles and, in particular, effects on the pigmentation system as a new endpoint in ecotoxicological studies. Rhinella schneideri tadpoles at the Gosner-30 stage were exposed to the atrazine-based herbicide formulation, SIPTRAN 500 SC®, in acute bioassays at concentrations of 1.5-25 mg/L. The lethal and sublethal effects induced were analysed at different ecotoxicological levels: organismal level (alterations in behaviour, growth, development, and body mass; morphologic abnormalities), histological level (liver histopathology), the pigmentation system (melanomacrophages and dermal-melanophores), and cellular level (erythrocyte micronucleus formation and other nuclear-abnormalities). This herbicide induced sublethal effects at the organismal level with alterations in swimming and growth and morphologic abnormalities. These results demonstrated that, in anuran tadpoles, the atrazine-based agrochemical increased the frequency of micronucleus formation and other nuclear-abnormalities in erythrocytes and caused liver damage. In addition, we demonstrated for the first time effects of an atrazine-based formulation on the pigmentation system of anuran tadpoles, specifically an increase in the number of melanomacrophages and dermal melanophores. This study is the first to use several widely differing endpoints at different ecotoxicological levels in a comprehensive manner for assessment of the effects of environmental stressors in order to determine the health status of Neotropical anuran species. In doing so, this study establishes a foundation for future ecological assessments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias
- Instituto de Química de San Luis, INQUISAL (UNSL-CONICET), Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco y Pedernera, 5700 San Luis, Argentina; UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil; Instituto de Biociências (InBio), Universidade Federal de Mato Grosso do Sul, UFMS, Brazil.
| | - Guillermo Sebastián Natale
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente, CIM (UNLP-CONICET), Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina
| | - Classius de Oliveira
- UNESP - Universidade Estadual Paulista, Departamento de Biologia, São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, Brazil
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20
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Nasia MM, Radovanović TB, Krizmanić II, Prokić MD, Gavrić JP, Despotović SG, Gavrilović BR, Borković-Mitić SS, Pavlović SZ, Saičić ZS. Prooxidant effects of chronic exposure to deltamethrin in green toad Bufotes viridis. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:30597-30608. [PMID: 30173389 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2979-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/02/2017] [Accepted: 08/15/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Pesticide-induced oxidative stress, as one of mechanism of toxicity, has been a focus of toxicological research. However, there is a lack of data for certain pesticides-oxidative stress effects especially on terrestrial amphibians. This study evaluates the prooxidative effects of orally administered insecticide deltamethrin (DM) in some tissues of the terrestrial toad Bufotes viridis. Toads were randomly divided and assigned to a control group and a test group that was orally exposed to the pesticide (5 mg/kg of body weight/daily) for 21 days. Animals were euthanized from each group on days 7, 14, and 21, and the liver, leg muscle, ventral skin, and gastrointestinal tissue (GIT) were dissected and used for analysis. From battery of investigated antioxidant components, superoxide dismutase (SOD) was the most differentiate parameter in all examined tissues. For the period of prolonged exposure to pesticide, antioxidative strategy of Bufotes viridis was based on SOD utilization in attempt to maintain the oxidative disbalance at acceptable level. The integrated biomarker response (IBR) as the measure of the overall biochemical response to DM exposure revealed that the group exposed for 21 days had the highest response. Our work has offered valuable data ensuring evidence that toads exposed to deltamethrin developed adaptive reactions that were tissue-specific and that DM-generated systemic toxicity was time-dependent. The present work showed that oxidative stress has significant role in pesticide-induced toxicity and contributes to better understanding of ecotoxicological risk in the terrestrial amphibians exposed to DM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammed M Nasia
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Tijana B Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia.
| | - Imre I Krizmanić
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade, Studentski trg 16, Belgrade, 11000, Serbia
| | - Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Jelena P Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Branka R Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Slavica S Borković-Mitić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Slađan Z Pavlović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
| | - Zorica S Saičić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research "Siniša Stanković", University of Belgrade, Bulevar despota Stefana 142, Belgrade, 11060, Serbia
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21
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Çakıcı Ö. Histopathological analysis of carbaryl-induced toxicity in the spleen of Levantine frog, Pelophylax bedriagae (Anura: Ranidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2018; 25:24917-24922. [PMID: 29931639 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-018-2538-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/04/2017] [Accepted: 06/12/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
This study describes the histopathological effects of carbaryl in the spleen of Levantine frog, Pelophylax bedriage. Due to its primary role in immune system, it is important to research the toxic effects of pesticides, which play an important role in environmental pollution, on spleen. To that end, adult frogs were exposed to carbaryl for 96 h. Experimental groups contained low dose, (0.05 mg/g), medium dose (0.1 mg/g) and high dose (0.2 mg/g). After following exposure to carbaryl, the frogs were euthanised and dissected. In low-dose group, there were no important changes in spleen tissue. In medium-dose group, prominence in haemorrhage just below the capsule and an increase in the melanomacrophage number were determined. In high-dose group, in addition to increases in the melanomacrophages, separations in capsule, haemorrhage below capsule and within splenic tissue, sinusoidal enlargement, congestion in dilated sinusoid, hypertrophic plasma cells and fibrosis were determined as important histological lesions in exposed frogs. This study clearly showed that carbaryl caused important histopathological damages in splenic tissue of Pelophylax bedriagae. In view of these findings, it can be said that this insecticide has the capacity to disrupt spleen' functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Çakıcı
- Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Section, Ege University, Bornova, Izmir, Turkey.
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22
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Bach NC, Marino DJG, Natale GS, Somoza GM. Effects of glyphosate and its commercial formulation, Roundup ® Ultramax, on liver histology of tadpoles of the neotropical frog, Leptodactylus latrans (amphibia: Anura). CHEMOSPHERE 2018; 202:289-297. [PMID: 29573614 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.03.110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2017] [Revised: 03/12/2018] [Accepted: 03/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
In the last years, the agricultural expansion has led to an increased use of pesticides, with glyphosate as the most widely used worldwide. This is also the situation in Argentina, where glyphosate formulations are the most commercialized herbicides. It is known that glyphosate formulations are much more toxic than the active ingredient, and this difference in toxicity can be attributed to the adjuvants present in the formula. In this context, the aim of the present study was to evaluate and compare sub-lethal histological effects of the glyphosate formulation Roundup Ultramax and glyphosate active ingredient on Leptodactylus latrans tadpoles at Gosner-stage 36. Semi-static bioassays were performed using 96 h of exposure with Roundup Ultramax formulation (RU; 0.37-5.25 mg a.e./L), glyphosate (GLY; 3-300 mg/L), and a control group. RU exposure showed an increment in the melanomacrophagic cells (MMc) and melanomacrophagic centers (MMCs) from 0.37 mg a.e./L. GLY exposure showed a significant increment in the number of MMc from 15 mg/L, and of MMCs from 3 mg/L. Also, histopathological lesions were observed in the liver of tadpoles exposed to both, GLY and RU. These lesions included: lipidosis and hepatic congestion, but only RU showed significant differences respect to control, with a LOEC value of 2.22 mg a.e./L for both effects. In sum, this study represents the first evidence of adverse effects of glyphosate and RU formulation on the liver of anuran larvae at concentrations frequently found in the environment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadia C Bach
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), UNLP-CONICET, Calle 47 y 115, La Plata, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina; Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino Km. 8.2, (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Damián J G Marino
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), UNLP-CONICET, Calle 47 y 115, La Plata, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Guillermo S Natale
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente (CIM), UNLP-CONICET, Calle 47 y 115, La Plata, 1900 Buenos Aires, Argentina.
| | - Gustavo M Somoza
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biotecnológicas-Instituto Tecnológico de Chascomús (CONICET-UNSAM), Av. Intendente Marino Km. 8.2, (B7130IWA), Chascomús, Buenos Aires, Argentina.
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23
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Fanali LZ, Franco-Belussi L, Bonini-Domingos CR, de Oliveira C. Effects of benzo[a]pyrene on the blood and liver of Physalaemus cuvieri and Leptodactylus fuscus (Anura: Leptodactylidae). ENVIRONMENTAL POLLUTION (BARKING, ESSEX : 1987) 2018; 237:93-102. [PMID: 29477119 DOI: 10.1016/j.envpol.2018.02.030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2017] [Revised: 01/13/2018] [Accepted: 02/09/2018] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
Benzo[a]pyrene (BaP) is a bio-accumulative toxic compound found in the atmosphere, water, and soil that may affect the life cycle of amphibians. In this study, a few contamination biomarkers, such as hepatic melanomacrophages (MMs), mast cells, erythrocyte micronuclei (MN) and white blood cells were used to determine how BaP acts in these cells in the anurans Physalaemus cuvieri and Leptodactylus fuscus. Animals of both species were divided into three treatment groups: 1 day, 7 days and 13 days, subcutaneously injected 2 mg/kg BaP diluted in mineral oil and control group with only mineral oil. After 7 days, BaP caused the frequency of MN to increase in both species while reducing melanin area. The micronucleus frequency increased due to the genotoxicity of BaP, while the decreasing melanin area may be related to the inhibition of tyrosinase activity, an enzyme responsible for regulating melanogenesis, decreasing the synthesis of melanin. The mast cell density increased in all groups and in both species as a response to the inflammatory action of BaP. These cells respond to nonspecific inflammatory effects leading, therefore, to this response in all treatments. The percentage of leukocytes remained unchanged probably due to great intraspecific variability. Additionally, the leukocyte profiles of both species were characterized and the differences were attributed to extrinsic factors. In short, BaP can affect the integrity of several organs and tissues, and cell functions leading to the conclusion that this compound is hepatotoxic, genotoxic and immunotoxic for anurans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lara Zácari Fanali
- Graduate Program in Animal Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15054-000, Brazil.
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15054-000, Brazil; Graduate Program in Biotechnology and Environmental monitoring, CCTS, Federal University of São Carlos, 18052-780, Sorocaba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Classius de Oliveira
- Department of Biology, Universidade Estadual Paulista (UNESP), São José do Rio Preto, São Paulo, 15054-000, Brazil
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24
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Liu ZP, Gu WB, Tu DD, Zhu QH, Zhou YL, Wang C, Wang LZ, Shu MA. Effects of both cold and heat stresses on the liver of giant spiny frog Quasipaa spinosa: stress response and histological changes. J Exp Biol 2018; 221:jeb.186379. [DOI: 10.1242/jeb.186379] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/11/2018] [Accepted: 09/03/2018] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Ambient temperature associated stress can affect the normal physiological functions in ectotherms. To assess the effects of cold or heat stress on amphibians, the giant spiny frogs, Quasipaa spinosa, were acclimated at 22 °C followed by being treated at 5 °C or 30 °C for 0, 3, 6, 12, 24 and 48 h, respectively. Histological alterations, apoptotic index, mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (ROS) generation, antioxidant activity indices and stress-response gene expressions in frog livers were subsequently determined. Results showed that many fat droplets appeared after 12 h of heat stress. Percentage of melanomacrophages centres significantly changed during 48 h at both stress conditions. Furthermore, the mitochondrial ROS levels were elevated in a time-dependent manner up to 6 h and 12 h in the cold and heat stress groups, respectively. The activities of superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase and catalase were successively increased along the cold or heat exposure, and most of their gene expression levels showed similar changes at both stress conditions. Most tested HSP genes were sensitive to temperature exposure, and the expression profiles of most apoptosis-related genes was significantly up-regulated at 3 and 48 h under cold and heat stress, respectively. Apoptotic index at 48 h under cold stress was significantly higher than that under heat stress. Notably, lipid droplets, HSP30, HSP70 and HSP110 might be suitable bioindicators of heat stress. The results of these alterations at physiological, biochemical and molecular levels might contribute to a better understanding of the stress response of Q. spinosa and even amphibians under thermal stresses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ze-Peng Liu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Wen-Bin Gu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Dan-Dan Tu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Qi-Hui Zhu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Yi-Lian Zhou
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Cong Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Lan-Zhi Wang
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
| | - Miao-An Shu
- College of Animal Sciences, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310058, P. R. China
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25
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Radovanović TB, Nasia M, Krizmanić II, Prokić MD, Gavrić JP, Despotović SG, Gavrilović BR, Borković-Mitić SS, Pavlović SZ, Saičić ZS. Sublethal effects of the pyrethroid insecticide deltamethrin on oxidative stress parameters in green toad (Bufotes viridis L.). ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY AND CHEMISTRY 2017; 36:2814-2822. [PMID: 28475267 DOI: 10.1002/etc.3849] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 04/25/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Pyrethroids are synthetic insecticides widely used in agriculture, public health, and veterinary medicine. Deltamethrin, a type II pyrethroid insecticide, has attracted particular attention because of its frequent use. The mechanisms of the toxicity of most pesticides (including pyrethroids) in nontarget organisms is linked to the production of free radicals, oxidative stress induction, increased lipid peroxidation, and disruption of the total antioxidant potential. The aim of the present study was to investigate the effects of acute toxicity of 3 different concentrations (8, 16, and 32 mg/kg body wt) of orally applied deltamethrin after 96 h of treatment. Some of the front-line oxidative stress parameters as well as cholinesterase (ChE) activity and cytochrome P4501A (CYP1A) expression in the liver, muscle, skin, and gastrointestinal tissue of the adult green toad Bufotes viridis were determined. Compared with the control group, the activity of catalase and glutathione reductase was increased in the liver and skin, while the concentration of sulfhydryl groups was reduced. In the liver and muscle, concentrations of thiobarbituric reactive substances were increased, as well as liver CYP1A expression. In the muscle and skin, glutathione-S-transferase activity was higher in treated toads. The oxidative stress parameters examined were affected by different deltamethrin concentrations. We conclude that the assessed parameters represent good biomarkers of pesticide-induced oxidative stress. Environ Toxicol Chem 2017;36:2814-2822. © 2017 SETAC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tijana B Radovanović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Mohammed Nasia
- Faculty of Biology, Chair of Comparative Physiology and Ecophysiology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Imre I Krizmanić
- Faculty of Biology, Institute of Zoology, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Marko D Prokić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Jelena P Gavrić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Svetlana G Despotović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Branka R Gavrilović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slavica S Borković-Mitić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Slađan Z Pavlović
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
| | - Zorica S Saičić
- Department of Physiology, Institute for Biological Research Siniša Stanković, University of Belgrade, Belgrade, Serbia
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26
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Chai L, Chen A, Luo P, Zhao H, Wang H. Histopathological changes and lipid metabolism in the liver of Bufo gargarizans tadpoles exposed to Triclosan. CHEMOSPHERE 2017; 182:255-266. [PMID: 28500970 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2017.05.040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2017] [Revised: 04/09/2017] [Accepted: 05/06/2017] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
In the current study, the adverse effects of TCS on liver health of B. gargarizans tadpoles were assessed. B. gargarizans larvae were exposed to TCS at 0, 10, 30, 60, and 150 μg L-1 from Gosner stage 3 until metamorphic climax. The hepatosomatic index (HSI), hepatic histological and ultrastructural features, and transcript levels of genes associated with detoxification and oxidative stress as well as lipid metabolism in the livers were determined. Exposure to 150 μg L-1 TCS resulted in increased HSI of tadpoles at metamorphic climax. Histological changes characterized by an increase in the number of melanomacrophage, nucleus pyknosis, and deposition of collagen fibers were observed in liver at 60 and 150 μg L-1 TCS. Moreover, marked ultrastructural alterations including high electron dense in mitochondrial matrix and lipid accumulation were also observed. In addition, abundances of transcripts of Cu/Zn superoxide dismutase (SOD), phospholipid hydroperoxide glutathione peroxidase (PHGPx), and heat shock protein 90 (HSP90) were decreased in larvae exposed to 60 and 150 μg L-1 TCS, while transcript level of HSP90 was increased at 30 μg L-1 TCS. Also, abundances of transcripts of acetyl-CoA carboxylase (ACC), carnitine palmitoyltransferase 2 (CPT2), peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor alpha (PPARa), fatty acid elongase 1 (FAE), sterol carrier protein 2 (SCP) were significantly lesser in larvae exposed to 60 and 150 μg L-1 TCS. Overall, TCS at high levels induced histopathological changes in the liver of B. gargarizans tadpoles. This might have been due to the alteration of oxidative stress-related genes and lipid metabolism-related genes expression levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lihong Chai
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064 China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064 China
| | - Aixia Chen
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064 China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064 China
| | - Pingping Luo
- School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064 China; Key Laboratory of Subsurface Hydrology and Ecological Effects in Arid Region of Ministry of Education, Chang'an University, Xi'an, 710064 China
| | - Hongfeng Zhao
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China
| | - Hongyuan Wang
- College of Life Sciences, Shaanxi Normal University, Xi'an 710062, China.
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27
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Bernabò I, Guardia A, Macirella R, Tripepi S, Brunelli E. Chronic exposures to fungicide pyrimethanil: multi-organ effects on Italian tree frog (Hyla intermedia). Sci Rep 2017; 7:6869. [PMID: 28761072 PMCID: PMC5537256 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-07367-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 06/28/2017] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Amphibian habitats are easily contaminated by several pollutants, and in agricultural landscapes the likely exposure scenario is represented by pesticides. Many of these substances are known or suspected to act as endocrine disrupting chemicals (EDCs). The goal of the present study was to assess the effects of pyrimethanil, a common-used but also overlooked fungicide, on liver, kidney and gonadal differentiation of Hyla intermedia. Through a multi-organ evaluation, we demonstrated that a long term exposure to two environmentally relevant concentrations of pyrimethanil (5 and 50 µg/L) elicits a range of toxic responses. First we showed that pyrimethanil induces underdevelopment of ovaries and interferes with normal sexual differentiation, thus revealing the endocrine disruption potential of this fungicide. Moreover we revealed that all considered organs are seriously affected by this fungicide and both necrosis and apoptosis contribute to the histological response. This is the first report on the effects of pyrimethanil on gonads, liver and kidney histology of a non-model species and it demonstrates that the hazardous properties of this fungicide can result from several pathological processes affecting different key compartments of amphibian.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilaria Bernabò
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Antonello Guardia
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Rachele Macirella
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Sandro Tripepi
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy
| | - Elvira Brunelli
- Department of Biology, Ecology and Earth Science, University of Calabria, Via P. Bucci 4/B, 87036, Rende, Cosenza, Italy.
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28
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Zhang Y, Han L, He Q, Chen W, Sun C, Wang X, Chen X, Wang R, Hsiao CD, Liu K. A rapid assessment for predicting drug-induced hepatotoxicity using zebrafish. J Pharmacol Toxicol Methods 2017; 84:102-110. [DOI: 10.1016/j.vascn.2016.12.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/11/2016] [Revised: 11/09/2016] [Accepted: 12/06/2016] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
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29
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Çakıcı Ö. Histopathological study of toxic effects of carbaryl on digestive tract of Bufotes variabilis (Anura: Bufonidae). ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:13432-13437. [PMID: 27026545 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6529-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/23/2015] [Accepted: 03/21/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Due to the negative effects of pesticide usage in environment, i.e., decline in amphibian populations, this study was designed to examine histopathologic changes following carbaryl exposure for 96 h in the digestive tract of variable toad, Bufotes variabilis. After exposure to single doses of carbaryl (low dose 50 μg/g, medium dose 100 μg/g, and high dose: 200 μg/g), the toads were euthanized and dissected and digestive tract samples were quickly removed. Histopathology revealed esophageal vacuolization and necrosis in esophageal cells. Hemorrhage was also observed in the esophagus. In the stomach, necrosis in the glandular epithelium, congested blood vessels, edema among gastric glands, dilated tips of the mucosal epithelial layer, gastric glandular atrophy, and hemorrhage were found. In the intestine, edema within villi, hemorrhage, inflammation, vacuolization, and necrosis in epithelial cells of villi were detected. This study clearly showed that carbaryl caused adverse effects on the digestive tract of B. variabilis in all dose groups.
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Affiliation(s)
- Özlem Çakıcı
- Science Faculty, Biology Department, Zoology Section, Ege University, 35100, Bornova, İzmir, Turkey.
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30
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Pérez-Iglesias JM, Franco-Belussi L, Moreno L, Tripole S, de Oliveira C, Natale GS. Effects of glyphosate on hepatic tissue evaluating melanomacrophages and erythrocytes responses in neotropical anuran Leptodactylus latinasus. ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE AND POLLUTION RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2016; 23:9852-61. [PMID: 26856864 DOI: 10.1007/s11356-016-6153-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/05/2015] [Accepted: 01/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
Glyphosate (GLY) is the most used herbicide worldwide and its effects on anurans are well known. Pollutants can cause physiological and morphological effects. Therefore, this study evaluated the effects of GLY on hepatic melanomacrophages as a response to environmental stressors. Three treatments were exposed to different concentrations of pure GLY (100, 1000, and 10,000 μg g(-1), respectively), and there was also a control group. After the experimental time, liver and blood were analyzed. Melanomacrophages (MMCs) were located between the hepatocyte cordons, close to sinusoids. GLY increased the melanin area in MMCs of Leptodactylus latinasus exposed since lowest concentration until highest concentration. GLY also changed the occurrence of hepatic catabolism pigments into melanomacrophages and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities; therefore, it can interfere with the hepatic metabolism. In conclusion, GLY promotes alterations in the hepatic tissue and erythrocyte nuclear abnormalities. Furthermore, MMCs may be useful as morphological responses of GLY effects.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Manuel Pérez-Iglesias
- PROICO 9401, Área Zoología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
| | - Lilian Franco-Belussi
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), IBILCE, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, 15054-000, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Liliana Moreno
- PROICO 9401, Área Zoología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - Susana Tripole
- PROICO 9401, Área Zoología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
| | - Classius de Oliveira
- Department of Biology, São Paulo State University (UNESP), IBILCE, Rua Cristóvão Colombo, 2265, Jardim Nazareth, São José do Rio Preto, 15054-000, São Paulo, Brazil.
| | - Guillermo Sebastián Natale
- PROICO 9401, Área Zoología, Facultad de Química, Bioquímica y Farmacia, Universidad Nacional de San Luis, Chacabuco 917, San Luis, 5700, Argentina
- Centro de Investigaciones del Medio Ambiente, Departamento de Química, Facultad de Ciencias Exactas, Universidad Nacional de La Plata, CONICET, La Plata, Argentina
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de Oliveira CR, Fraceto LF, Rizzi GM, Salla RF, Abdalla FC, Costa MJ, Silva-Zacarin ECM. Hepatic effects of the clomazone herbicide in both its free form and associated with chitosan-alginate nanoparticles in bullfrog tadpoles. CHEMOSPHERE 2016; 149:304-313. [PMID: 26874058 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2016.01.076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2015] [Revised: 01/14/2016] [Accepted: 01/18/2016] [Indexed: 06/05/2023]
Abstract
The use of agrochemicals in agriculture is intense and most of them could be carried out to aquatic environment. Nevertheless, there are only few studies that assess the effects of these xenobiotics on amphibians. Clomazone is an herbicide widely used in rice fields, where amphibian species live. Thus, those species may be threatened by non-target exposure. However, nanoparticles are being developed to be used as a carrier system for the agrochemicals. Such nanoparticles release the herbicide in a modified way, and are considered to be more efficient and less harmful to the environment. The aim of this study was to comparatively evaluate the effect of clomazone in its free form and associated with nanoparticles, in the liver of bullfrog tadpoles (Lithobates catesbeianus) when submitted to acute exposure for 96 h. According to semi-quantitative analysis, there was an increase in the frequency of melanomacrophage centres, in the accumulation of eosinophils and in lipidosis in the liver of experimental groups exposed to clomazone - in its free form and associated with nanoparticles - in comparison with the control group, and the nanotoxicity of chitosan-alginate nanoparticles. The increase of melanomacrophage centres in all exposed groups was significant (P < 0.0001) in comparison to control group. Therefore, the results of this research have shown that exposure to sublethal doses of the herbicide and nanoparticles triggered hepatic responses. Moreover, these results provided important data about the effect of the clomazone herbicide and organic nanoparticles, which act as carriers of agrochemicals, on the bullfrog tadpole liver.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristiane Ronchi de Oliveira
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology (LABEF), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 - SP-264, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil; Departament of Environmental Engineering, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Campus Sorocaba. Avenida três de março, n. 511, 18087-180 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Leonardo Fernandes Fraceto
- Departament of Environmental Engineering, Universidade Estadual Paulista "Júlio de Mesquita Filho" (UNESP), Campus Sorocaba. Avenida três de março, n. 511, 18087-180 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Gisele Miglioranza Rizzi
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology (LABEF), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 - SP-264, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Raquel Fernanda Salla
- Laboratory of Conservation Physiology (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 - SP-264, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Fábio Camargo Abdalla
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology (LABEF), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 - SP-264, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Monica Jones Costa
- Laboratory of Conservation Physiology (LAFISC), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 - SP-264, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil
| | - Elaine Cristina Mathias Silva-Zacarin
- Laboratory of Structural and Functional Biology (LABEF), Universidade Federal de São Carlos (UFSCar), Campus Sorocaba. Rodovia João Leme dos Santos, Km 110 - SP-264, 18052-780 Sorocaba, SP, Brazil.
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