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Manza P, Tomasi D, Vines L, Sotelo D, Yonga MV, Wang GJ, Volkow ND. Brain connectivity changes to fast versus slow dopamine increases. Neuropsychopharmacology 2024; 49:924-932. [PMID: 38326458 PMCID: PMC11039764 DOI: 10.1038/s41386-024-01803-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/07/2023] [Revised: 01/03/2024] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024]
Abstract
The rewarding effects of stimulant drugs such as methylphenidate (MP) depend crucially on how fast they raise dopamine in the brain. Yet how the rate of drug-induced dopamine increases impacts brain network communication remains unresolved. We manipulated route of MP administration to generate fast versus slow dopamine increases. We hypothesized that fast versus slow dopamine increases would result in a differential pattern of global brain connectivity (GBC) in association with regional levels of dopamine D1 receptors, which are critical for drug reward. Twenty healthy adults received MP intravenously (0.5 mg/kg; fast dopamine increases) and orally (60 mg; slow dopamine increases) during simultaneous [11C]raclopride PET-fMRI scans (double-blind, placebo-controlled). We tested how GBC was temporally associated with slow and fast dopamine increases on a minute-to-minute basis. Connectivity patterns were strikingly different for slow versus fast dopamine increases, and whole-brain spatial patterns were negatively correlated with one another (rho = -0.54, pspin < 0.001). GBC showed "fast>slow" associations in dorsal prefrontal cortex, insula, posterior thalamus and brainstem, caudate and precuneus; and "slow>fast" associations in ventral striatum, orbitofrontal cortex, and frontopolar cortex (pFDR < 0.05). "Fast>slow" GBC patterns showed significant spatial correspondence with D1 receptor availability (estimated via normative maps of [11C]SCH23390 binding; rho = 0.22, pspin < 0.05). Further, hippocampal GBC to fast dopamine increases was significantly negatively correlated with self-reported 'high' ratings to intravenous MP across individuals (r(19) = -0.68, pbonferroni = 0.015). Different routes of MP administration produce divergent patterns of brain connectivity. Fast dopamine increases are uniquely associated with connectivity patterns that have relevance for the subjective experience of drug reward.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peter Manza
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
| | - Dardo Tomasi
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Leah Vines
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Diana Sotelo
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Michele-Vera Yonga
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Gene-Jack Wang
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - Nora D Volkow
- National Institute on Alcohol Abuse and Alcoholism, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA.
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Girmaw F. Review on allosteric modulators of dopamine receptors so far. Health Sci Rep 2024; 7:e1984. [PMID: 38505681 PMCID: PMC10948587 DOI: 10.1002/hsr2.1984] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2023] [Revised: 02/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Background Contemporary research is predominantly directed towards allosteric modulators, a class of compounds designed to interact with specific sites distinct from the orthosteric site on G protein-coupled receptors. These allosteric modulators play a pivotal role in influencing diverse pharmacological effects, such as agonism/inverse agonism, efficacy modulation, and affinity modulation. One particularly intriguing aspect is the demonstrated capacity of allosteric modulation to enhance drug selectivity for therapeutic purposes, potentially leading to a reduction in serious side effects associated with traditional approaches. Allosteric ligands, a majority of which fall into the categories of negative allosteric modulators or positive allosteric modulators, exhibit the unique ability to either diminish or enhance the effects of endogenous ligands. Negative allosteric modulators weaken the response, while positive allosteric modulators intensify it. Additionally, silent allosteric modulators represent a distinct class that neither activates nor blocks the effects of endogenous ligands, adding complexity to the spectrum of allosteric modulation. In the broader context of central nervous system disorders, allosteric modulation takes center stage, particularly in the realm of dopamine receptors specifically, D1, D2, and D3 receptors. These receptors hold immense therapeutic potential for a range of conditions spanning neurodegenerative disorders to neurobehavioral and psychiatric disorders. The intricate modulation of dopamine receptors through allosteric mechanisms offers a nuanced and versatile approach to drug development. As research endeavors continue to unfold, the exploration of allosteric modulation stands as a promising frontier, holding the potential to reshape the landscape of drug discovery and therapeutic interventions in the field of neurology and psychiatry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fentaw Girmaw
- Department of Pharmacy, College of Health ScienceWoldia UniversityWoldiaEthiopia
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3
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Csehi R, Molnar V, Fedor M, Zsumbera V, Palasti A, Acsai K, Grosz Z, Nemeth G, Molnar MJ. The improvement of motor symptoms in Huntington's disease during cariprazine treatment. Orphanet J Rare Dis 2023; 18:375. [PMID: 38041194 PMCID: PMC10690981 DOI: 10.1186/s13023-023-02930-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2023] [Accepted: 09/24/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Huntington's disease (HD) is a progressive neurodegenerative disease, characterised by motor disturbances and non-motor (i.e., psychiatric) symptoms. Motor symptoms are the hallmark features of HD and take many forms. Their emergence is related to alterations in striatal dopaminergic neurotransmission: dopamine levels increase in the early stages of the disease, while more advanced stages are characterised by reduced dopamine levels. Such a biphasic change potentially explains the alterations in motor symptoms: increased dopamine-production induces hyperkinetic movements early in the disease course, while depleted dopamine storage leads to hypokinetic symptoms in the advanced phase. Dopamine D2-D3 partial agonists could be a promising treatment option in HD, as they have the potential to either elevate or lower the surrounding dopamine levels if the levels are too low or too high, respectively, potentially offering symptom-relief across the illness-course. Therefore, the present study aimed at exploring the effects of cariprazine, a dopamine D2-D3 partial agonist with high affinity to D3 receptors, on motor symptoms associated with HD. METHODS This was a single-centre, retrospective study where sixteen patients received off-label cariprazine treatment for 12 weeks (1.5-3 mg/day). Motor symptoms were evaluated using the Motor Assessment of the Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale. Least Square (LS) Mean Changes from Baseline (BL) to Week 8 and Week 12 in the Total Motor Score (TMS) were analysed using the Mixed Model for Repeated Measures method. In addition, improvement from BL to Week 8 and 12 was calculated for all motor items. RESULTS Data of 16 patients were collected, but data of only 15 patients were analysed as one patient dropped out due to non-compliance. Significant changes were observed from BL to Week 8 (LS Mean Change: -9.4, p < 0.0001) and to Week 12 (LS Mean Change: -12.8, p < 0.0001) in the TMS. The improvement was captured in the majority of motor functions, excluding bradykinesia and gait. Mild akathisia was the most commonly reported side-effect, affecting 3 patients. CONCLUSION This is the first study investigating the effectiveness of a D2-D3 partial agonist, cariprazine, in the treatment of HD. The findings of this study revealed that cariprazine was effective in the treatment of a wide range of motor symptoms associated with HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Reka Csehi
- Global Medical Division, Richter Gedeon Plc., Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Viktor Molnar
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
- Eotvos Lorand Research Network-Semmelweis University Multiomics Neurodegeneration Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Mariann Fedor
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Vivien Zsumbera
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Agnes Palasti
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Karoly Acsai
- Global Medical Division, Richter Gedeon Plc., Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zoltan Grosz
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
- Eotvos Lorand Research Network-Semmelweis University Multiomics Neurodegeneration Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Gyorgy Nemeth
- Global Medical Division, Richter Gedeon Plc., Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Maria Judit Molnar
- Institute of Genomic Medicine and Rare Disorders, Semmelweis University Budapest, Budapest, Hungary.
- Eotvos Lorand Research Network-Semmelweis University Multiomics Neurodegeneration Research Group, Budapest, Hungary.
- , 1428 Budapest Pf. 2, Üllői út 26., Budapest, 1085, Hungary.
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Corsi S, Scheggi S, Pardu A, Braccagni G, Caruso D, Cioffi L, Diviccaro S, Gentile M, Fanni S, Stancampiano R, Gambarana C, Melcangi RC, Frau R, Carta M. Pregnenolone for the treatment of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia in Parkinson's disease. Exp Neurol 2023; 363:114370. [PMID: 36878398 DOI: 10.1016/j.expneurol.2023.114370] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/30/2022] [Revised: 02/02/2023] [Accepted: 02/28/2023] [Indexed: 03/08/2023]
Abstract
Growing preclinical and clinical evidence highlights neurosteroid pathway imbalances in Parkinson's Disease (PD) and L-DOPA-induced dyskinesias (LIDs). We recently reported that 5α-reductase (5AR) inhibitors dampen dyskinesias in parkinsonian rats; however, unraveling which specific neurosteroid mediates this effect is critical to optimize a targeted therapy. Among the 5AR-related neurosteroids, striatal pregnenolone has been shown to be increased in response to 5AR blockade and decreased after 6-OHDA lesions in the rat PD model. Moreover, this neurosteroid rescued psychotic-like phenotypes by exerting marked antidopaminergic activity. In light of this evidence, we investigated whether pregnenolone might dampen the appearance of LIDs in parkinsonian drug-naïve rats. We tested 3 escalating doses of pregnenolone (6, 18, 36 mg/kg) in 6-OHDA-lesioned male rats and compared the behavioral, neurochemical, and molecular outcomes with those induced by the 5AR inhibitor dutasteride, as positive control. The results showed that pregnenolone dose-dependently countered LIDs without affecting L-DOPA-induced motor improvements. Post-mortem analyses revealed that pregnenolone significantly prevented the increase of validated striatal markers of dyskinesias, such as phospho-Thr-34 DARPP-32 and phospho-ERK1/2, as well as D1-D3 receptor co-immunoprecipitation in a fashion similar to dutasteride. Moreover, the antidyskinetic effect of pregnenolone was paralleled by reduced striatal levels of BDNF, a well-established factor associated with the development of LIDs. In support of a direct pregnenolone effect, LC/MS-MS analyses revealed that striatal pregnenolone levels strikingly increased after the exogenous administration, with no significant alterations in downstream metabolites. All these data suggest pregnenolone as a key player in the antidyskinetic properties of 5AR inhibitors and highlight this neurosteroid as an interesting novel tool to target LIDs in PD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara Corsi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Simona Scheggi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, SI, Italy
| | - Alessandra Pardu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Giulia Braccagni
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, SI, Italy
| | - Donatella Caruso
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Lucia Cioffi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Silvia Diviccaro
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Mauro Gentile
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy
| | - Silvia Fanni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy; Basal Ganglia Pathophysiology Unit, Department Experimental Medical Science, Lund University, Sweden
| | | | - Carla Gambarana
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Siena, SI, Italy
| | - Roberto Cosimo Melcangi
- Department of Pharmacological and Biomolecular Sciences, Università degli Studi di Milano, Milano, MI, Italy
| | - Roberto Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy; "Guy Everett Laboratory", Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy.
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, CA, Italy.
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5
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Nabinger DD, Altenhofen S, Buatois A, Facciol A, Peixoto JV, da Silva JMK, Chatterjee D, Rübensam G, Gerlai R, Bonan CD. Acute administration of a dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist alters behavioral and neural parameters in adult zebrafish. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2023; 125:110753. [PMID: 36934998 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2023.110753] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/10/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/21/2023]
Abstract
The dopaminergic neurotransmitter system is implicated in several brain functions and behavioral processes. Alterations in it are associated with the pathogenesis of several human neurological disorders. Pharmacological agents that interact with the dopaminergic system allow the investigation of dopamine-mediated cellular and molecular responses and may elucidate the biological bases of such disorders. Zebrafish, a translationally relevant biomedical research organism, has been successfully employed in prior psychopharmacology studies. Here, we evaluated the effects of quinpirole (dopamine D2/D3 receptor agonist) in adult zebrafish on behavioral parameters, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and neurotransmitter levels. Zebrafish received intraperitoneal injections of 0.5, 1.0, or 2.0 mg/kg quinpirole or saline (control group) twice with an inter-injection interval of 48 h. All tests were performed 24 h after the second injection. After this acute quinpirole administration, zebrafish exhibited decreased locomotor activity, increased anxiety-like behaviors and memory impairment. However, quinpirole did not affect social and aggressive behavior. Quinpirole-treated fish exhibited stereotypic swimming, characterized by repetitive behavior followed by immobile episodes. Moreover, quinpirole treatment also decreased the number of BDNF-immunoreactive cells in the zebrafish brain. Analysis of neurotransmitter levels demonstrated a significant increase in glutamate and a decrease in serotonin, while no alterations were observed in dopamine. These findings demonstrate that dopaminergic signaling altered by quinpirole administration results in significant behavioral and neuroplastic changes in the central nervous system of zebrafish. Thus, we conclude that the use of quinpirole administration in adult zebrafish may be an appropriate tool for the analysis of mechanisms underlying neurological disorders related to the dopaminergic system.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Dreher Nabinger
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Stefani Altenhofen
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Alexis Buatois
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Amanda Facciol
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Julia Vasconcellos Peixoto
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Julia Maria Kuhl da Silva
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Gabriel Rübensam
- Centro de Pesquisa em Toxicologia e Farmacologia (INTOX), Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil
| | - Robert Gerlai
- Department of Psychology, University of Toronto Mississauga, ON, Canada
| | - Carla Denise Bonan
- Laboratório de Neuroquímica e Psicofarmacologia, Programa de Pós-Graduação em Biologia Celular e Molecular, Escola de Ciências da Saúde e da Vida, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Programa de Pós-Graduação em Medicina e Ciências da Saúde, Escola de Medicina, Pontifícia Universidade Católica do Rio Grande do Sul, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil; Instituto Nacional de Ciência e Tecnologia em Doenças Cerebrais, Excitotoxicidade e Neuroproteção, Porto Alegre, RS, Brazil.
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6
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Mutti V, Bono F, Tomasoni Z, Bontempi L, Guglielmi A, Bolognin S, Schwamborn JC, Missale C, Fiorentini C. Structural Plasticity of Dopaminergic Neurons Requires the Activation of the D3R-nAChR Heteromer and the PI3K-ERK1/2/Akt-Induced Expression of c-Fos and p70S6K Signaling Pathway. Mol Neurobiol 2022; 59:2129-2149. [PMID: 35044626 PMCID: PMC9016044 DOI: 10.1007/s12035-022-02748-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/03/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2022] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Abstract
We have previously shown that the heteromer composed by the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) (D3R-nAChR heteromer) is expressed in dopaminergic neurons, activated by nicotine and represents the molecular unit that, in these neurons, contributes to the modulation of critical events such as structural plasticity and neuroprotection. We now extended this study by investigating the D3R-nAChR heteromer properties using various cell models such as transfected HEK293 cells, primary cultures of mouse dopaminergic neurons and human dopaminergic neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. We found that the D3R-nAChR heteromer is the molecular effector that transduces the remodeling properties not only associated with nicotine but also with D3R agonist stimulation: neither nAChR nor D3R, in fact, when express as monomers, are able to elicit these effects. Moreover, strong and sustained activation of the PI3K-ERK1/2/Akt pathways is coupled with D3R-nAChR heteromer stimulation, leading to the expression of the immediate-early gene c-Fos and to sustained phosphorylation of cytosolic p70 ribosomal S6 kinase (p70S6K), critical for dendritic remodeling. By contrast, while D3R stimulation results in rapid and transient activation of both Erk1/2 and Akt, that is PI3K-dependent, stimulation of nAChR is associated with persistent activation of Erk1/2 and Akt, in a PI3K-independent way. Thus, the D3R-nAChR heteromer and its ability to trigger the PI3K-ERK1/2/Akt signaling pathways may represent a novel target for preserving dopaminergic neurons healthy and for conferring neuronal protection against injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Veronica Mutti
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Federica Bono
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Zaira Tomasoni
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bontempi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Adele Guglielmi
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Bolognin
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, L-4362, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Cristina Missale
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Section of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, Division of Pharmacology, University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123, Brescia, Italy.
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7
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Kisling A, Byrne S, Parekh RU, Melit-Thomas D, de Castro Brás LE, Lust RM, Clemens S, Sriramula S, Katwa LC. Loss of Function in Dopamine D3 Receptor Attenuates Left Ventricular Cardiac Fibroblast Migration and Proliferation in vitro. Front Cardiovasc Med 2021; 8:732282. [PMID: 34708087 PMCID: PMC8542768 DOI: 10.3389/fcvm.2021.732282] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2021] [Accepted: 09/16/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Evidence suggests the existence of an intracardiac dopaminergic system that plays a pivotal role in regulating cardiac function and fibrosis through G-protein coupled receptors, particularly mediated by dopamine receptor 3 (D3R). However, the expression of dopamine receptors in cardiac tissue and their role in cardiac fibroblast function is unclear. In this brief report, first we determined expression of D1R and D3R both in left ventricle (LV) tissue and fibroblasts. Then, we explored the role of D3R in the proliferation and migration of fibroblast cell cultures using both genetic and pharmaceutical approaches; specifically, we compared cardiac fibroblasts isolated from LV of wild type (WT) and D3R knockout (D3KO) mice in response to D3R-specific pharmacological agents. Finally, we determined if loss of D3R function could significantly alter LV fibroblast expression of collagen types I (Col1a1) and III (Col3a1). Cardiac fibroblast proliferation was attenuated in D3KO cells, mimicking the behavior of WT cardiac fibroblasts treated with D3R antagonist. In response to scratch injury, WT cardiac fibroblasts treated with the D3R agonist, pramipexole, displayed enhanced migration compared to control WT and D3KO cells. Loss of function in D3R resulted in attenuation of both proliferation and migration in response to scratch injury, and significantly increased the expression of Col3a1 in LV fibroblasts. These findings suggest that D3R may mediate cardiac fibroblast function during the wound healing response. To our knowledge this is the first report of D3R's expression and functional significance directly in mouse cardiac fibroblasts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew Kisling
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Shannon Byrne
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Rohan U Parekh
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Deepthy Melit-Thomas
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Lisandra E de Castro Brás
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States.,Department of Cardiovascular Sciences, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Robert M Lust
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Stefan Clemens
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Srinivas Sriramula
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
| | - Laxmansa C Katwa
- Department of Physiology, Brody School of Medicine at East Carolina University, Greenville, NC, United States
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8
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Misganaw D. Heteromerization of dopaminergic receptors in the brain: Pharmacological implications. Pharmacol Res 2021; 170:105600. [PMID: 33836279 DOI: 10.1016/j.phrs.2021.105600] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2021] [Revised: 03/17/2021] [Accepted: 04/02/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine exerts its physiological effects through two subtypes of receptors, i.e. the receptors of the D1 family (D1R and D5R) and the D2 family (D2R, D3R, and D4R), which differ in their pattern of distribution, affinity, and signaling. The D1-like subfamily (D1R and D5R) are coupled to Gαs/olf proteins to activate adenylyl cyclase whereas the D2-like receptors are coupled to Gαi/o subunits and suppress the activity of adenylyl cyclase. Dopamine receptors are capable of forming homodimers, heterodimers, and higher-order oligomeric complexes, resulting in a change in the individual protomers' recognition, signaling, and pharmacology. Heteromerization has the potential to modify the canonical pharmacological features of individual monomeric units such as ligand affinity, activation, signaling, and cellular trafficking through allosteric interactions, reviving the field and introducing a new pharmacological target. Since heteromers are expressed and formed in a tissue-specific manner, they could provide the framework to design selective and effective drug candidates, such as brain-penetrant heterobivalent drugs and interfering peptides, with limited side effects. Therefore, heteromerization could be a promising area of pharmacology research, as it could contribute to the development of novel pharmacological interventions for dopamine dysregulated brain disorders such as addiction, schizophrenia, cognition, Parkinson's disease, and other motor-related disorders. This review is articulated based on the three criteria established by the International Union of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology for GPCR heterodimers (IUPHAR): evidence of co-localization and physical interactions in native or primary tissue, presence of a new physiological and functional property than the individual protomers, and loss of interaction and functional fingerprints upon heterodimer disruption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Desye Misganaw
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Unit, Department of Pharmacy, College of Medicine and Health Science, Wollo University, P.O. Box 1145, Dessie, Ethiopia.
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9
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Cosi C, Martel JC, Auclair AL, Collo G, Cavalleri L, Heusler P, Leriche L, Gaudoux F, Sokoloff P, Moser PC, Gatti-McArthur S. Pharmacology profile of F17464, a dopamine D 3 receptor preferential antagonist. Eur J Pharmacol 2021; 890:173635. [PMID: 33065094 DOI: 10.1016/j.ejphar.2020.173635] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 10/05/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
F17464 (N-(3-{4-[4-(8-Oxo-8H-[1,3]-dioxolo-[4,5-g]-chromen-7-yl)-butyl]-piperazin-1-yl}-phenyl)-methanesulfonamide, hydrochloride) is a new potential antipsychotic with a unique profile. The compound exhibits high affinity for the human dopamine receptor subtype 3 (hD3) (Ki = 0.17 nM) and the serotonin receptor subtype 1a (5-HT1a) (Ki = 0.16 nM) and a >50 fold lower affinity for the human dopamine receptor subtype 2 short and long form (hD2s/l) (Ki = 8.9 and 12.1 nM, respectively). [14C]F17464 dynamic studies show a slower dissociation rate from hD3 receptor (t1/2 = 110 min) than from hD2s receptor (t1/2 = 1.4 min) and functional studies demonstrate that F17464 is a D3 receptor antagonist, 5-HT1a receptor partial agonist. In human dopaminergic neurons F17464 blocks ketamine induced morphological changes, an effect D3 receptor mediated. In vivo F17464 target engagement of both D2 and 5-HT1a receptors is demonstrated in displacement studies in the mouse brain. F17464 increases dopamine release in the rat prefrontal cortex and mouse lateral forebrain - dorsal striatum and seems to reduce the effect of MK801 on % c-fos mRNA medium expressing neurons in cortical and subcortical regions. F17464 also rescues valproate induced impairment in a rat social interaction model of autism. All the neurochemistry and behavioural effects of F17464 are observed in the dose range 0.32-2.5 mg/kg i.p. in both rats and mice. The in vitro - in vivo pharmacology profile of F17464 in preclinical models is discussed in support of a therapeutic use of the compound in schizophrenia and autism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Cosi
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Jean-Claude Martel
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Agnès L Auclair
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Ginetta Collo
- Dept of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy
| | - Laura Cavalleri
- Dept of Molecular and Translational Medicine University of Brescia, Viale Europa 11, Brescia, Italy
| | - Peter Heusler
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Ludovic Leriche
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Florence Gaudoux
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Pierre Sokoloff
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Paul C Moser
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France
| | - Silvia Gatti-McArthur
- Innovation Unit CNS, CEPC Pierre Fabre Laboratories, Bel Air de Campans, 81106, Castres, France.
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10
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Bono F, Mutti V, Devoto P, Bolognin S, Schwamborn JC, Missale C, Fiorentini C. Impaired dopamine D3 and nicotinic acetylcholine receptor membrane localization in iPSCs-derived dopaminergic neurons from two Parkinson's disease patients carrying the LRRK2 G2019S mutation. Neurobiol Aging 2020; 99:65-78. [PMID: 33422895 DOI: 10.1016/j.neurobiolaging.2020.12.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Revised: 10/01/2020] [Accepted: 12/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Mutations in the leucine-rich repeat kinase 2 (LRRK2) are the most common genetic determinants of Parkinson's disease (PD), with the G2019S accounting for about 3% of PD cases. LRRK2 regulates various cellular processes, including vesicle trafficking that is crucial for receptor localization at the plasma membrane. In this study, induced pluripotent stem cells derived from 2 PD patients bearing the G2019S LRRK2 kinase activating mutation were used to generate neuronal cultures enriched in dopaminergic neurons. The results show that mutant LRRK2 prevents the membrane localization of both the dopamine D3 receptors (D3R) and the nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) and the formation of the D3R-nAChR heteromer, a molecular unit crucial for promoting neuronal homeostasis and preserving dopaminergic neuron health. Interestingly, D3R and nAChR as well as the corresponding heteromer membrane localization were rescued by inhibiting the abnormally increased kinase activity. Thus, the altered membrane localization of the D3R-nAChR heteromer associated with mutation in LRRK2 might represent a pre-degenerative feature of dopaminergic neurons contributing to the special vulnerability of this neuronal population.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bono
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Veronica Mutti
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Devoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Section of Neuroscience and Clinical Pharmacology, University of Cagliari, Cagliari, Italy
| | - Silvia Bolognin
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Jens C Schwamborn
- Luxembourg Centre for Systems Biomedicine (LCSB), University of Luxembourg, Belvaux, Luxembourg
| | - Cristina Missale
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy; "C. Golgi" Women Health Center, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy.
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11
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Dey SK, Saini M, Prabhakar P, Kundu S. Dopamine β hydroxylase as a potential drug target to combat hypertension. Expert Opin Investig Drugs 2020; 29:1043-1057. [DOI: 10.1080/13543784.2020.1795830] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sanjay Kumar Dey
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
| | - Manisha Saini
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
| | - Pankaj Prabhakar
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
| | - Suman Kundu
- Department of Biochemistry, University of Delhi South Camp us , New Delhi, India
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12
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Bono F, Mutti V, Fiorentini C, Missale C. Dopamine D3 Receptor Heteromerization: Implications for Neuroplasticity and Neuroprotection. Biomolecules 2020; 10:biom10071016. [PMID: 32659920 PMCID: PMC7407647 DOI: 10.3390/biom10071016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2020] [Revised: 07/06/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022] Open
Abstract
The dopamine (DA) D3 receptor (D3R) plays a pivotal role in the control of several functions, including motor activity, rewarding and motivating behavior and several aspects of cognitive functions. Recently, it has been reported that the D3R is also involved in the regulation of neuronal development, in promoting structural plasticity and in triggering key intracellular events with neuroprotective potential. A new role for D3R-dependent neurotransmission has thus been proposed both in preserving DA neuron homeostasis in physiological conditions and in preventing pathological alterations that may lead to neurodegeneration. Interestingly, there is evidence that nicotinic acetylcholine receptors (nAChR) located on DA neurons also provide neurotrophic support to DA neurons, an effect requiring functional D3R and suggesting the existence of a positive cross-talk between these receptor systems. Increasing evidence suggests that, as with the majority of G protein-coupled receptors (GPCR), the D3R directly interacts with other receptors to form new receptor heteromers with unique functional and pharmacological properties. Among them, we recently identified a receptor heteromer containing the nAChR and the D3R as the molecular effector of nicotine-mediated neurotrophic effects. This review summarizes the functional and pharmacological characteristics of D3R, including the capability to form active heteromers as pharmacological targets for specific neurodegenerative disorders. In particular, the molecular and functional features of the D3R-nAChR heteromer will be especially discussed since it may represent a possible key etiologic effector for DA-related pathologies, such as Parkinson’s disease (PD), and a target for drug design.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bono
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (C.F.); (C.M.)
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-0303717506
| | - Veronica Mutti
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (C.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (C.F.); (C.M.)
| | - Cristina Missale
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; (V.M.); (C.F.); (C.M.)
- “C. Golgi” Women Health Center, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
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13
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Lanza K, Chemakin K, Lefkowitz S, Saito C, Chambers N, Bishop C. Reciprocal cross-sensitization of D1 and D3 receptors following pharmacological stimulation in the hemiparkinsonian rat. Psychopharmacology (Berl) 2020; 237:155-165. [PMID: 31435690 DOI: 10.1007/s00213-019-05353-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Accepted: 08/15/2019] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In the majority of Parkinson's disease (PD) patients, long-term dopamine (DA) replacement therapy leads to dyskinesia characterized by abnormal involuntary movements (AIMs). There are various mechanisms of dyskinesia, such as the sensitization of striatal DA D1 receptors (D1R) and upregulation of DA D3 receptors (D3R). These receptors interact physically and functionally in D1R-bearing medium spiny neurons to synergistically drive dyskinesia. However, the cross-receptor-mediated effects due to D1R-D3R cooperativity are still poorly understood. In pursuit of this, we examined whether or not pharmacological D1R or D3R stimulation sensitizes the dyskinetic response to the appositional agonist, a process known as cross-sensitization. First, we established D1R-D3R behavioral synergy in a cohort of 6-OHDA-lesioned female adult Sprague-Dawley rats. Then, in a new cohort, we tested for cross-sensitization in a between-subject design. Five groups received a sub-chronic regimen of either saline, the D1R agonist SKF38393 (1.0 mg/kg), or the D3R agonist PD128907 (0.3 mg/kg). For the final injection, each group received an acute injection of the other agonist. AIMs were monitored following each injection. Sub-chronic administration of both SKF38393 and PD128907 induced the development of dyskinesia. More importantly, cross-agonism tests revealed reciprocal cross-sensitization; chronic treatment with either SKF38393 or PD128907 induced sensitization to a single administration of the other agonist. This reciprocity was not marked by changes to either D1R or D3R striatal mRNA expression. The current study provides key behavioral data demonstrating the role of D3R in dyskinesia and provides behavioral evidence of D1R and D3R functional interactions.
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MESH Headings
- 2,3,4,5-Tetrahydro-7,8-dihydroxy-1-phenyl-1H-3-benzazepine/pharmacology
- Animals
- Benzopyrans/pharmacology
- Corpus Striatum/drug effects
- Corpus Striatum/metabolism
- Dopamine/metabolism
- Dopamine Agonists/pharmacology
- Dyskinesia, Drug-Induced/metabolism
- Female
- Oxazines/pharmacology
- Oxidopamine
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/chemically induced
- Parkinson Disease, Secondary/metabolism
- Rats
- Rats, Sprague-Dawley
- Receptors, Dopamine D1/metabolism
- Receptors, Dopamine D3/metabolism
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Affiliation(s)
- Kathryn Lanza
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Katherine Chemakin
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Sarah Lefkowitz
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Carolyn Saito
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Nicole Chambers
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA
| | - Christopher Bishop
- Behavioral Neuroscience Program, Department of Psychology, Binghamton University, 4400 Vestal Parkway East, Binghamton, NY, 13902, USA.
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14
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Martinez E, Pasquereau B, Saga Y, Météreau É, Tremblay L. The anterior caudate nucleus supports impulsive choices triggered by pramipexole. Mov Disord 2019; 35:296-305. [PMID: 31737954 DOI: 10.1002/mds.27898] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/10/2019] [Revised: 09/30/2019] [Accepted: 10/06/2019] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Pramipexole is a dopamine agonist used as a treatment in PD and restless legs syndrome to reduce motor symptoms, but it often induces impulse control disorders. In particular, patients with impulse control disorders tend to make more impulsive choices in the delay discounting task, that is, they choose small immediate rewards over larger delayed ones more often than patients without impulse control disorders and healthy subjects do. Yet the site of action of pramipexole that produces these impulsive choices remains unknown. Based on the heterogeneity of corticostriatal projections and the massive dopamine innervation of the striatum, we hypothesized that impulsive choices triggered by dopamine treatments may be supported by a specific striatal territory. OBJECTIVES This study aims to determine by which anteriorstriatum territory the Pramipexole trigger impulsive choices; the caudate nucleus, the ventral striatum or the putamen. METHODS We compared pramipexole intramuscular injections to intracerebral microinjections within the three striatal territories in healthy monkeys trained to execute the delay discounting task, a behavioral paradigm typically used to evaluate impulsive choices. RESULTS We found that pramipexole intramuscular injections induced impulsive choices in all monkeys. Local microinjections were performed inside the anterior caudate nucleus, ventral striatum, and anterior putamen and reproduced those impulsive choices when pramipexole was directly injected into the caudate nucleus, whereas injections into the ventral striatum or putamen had no effect on monkeys' choices. CONCLUSIONS These results, consistent with clinical studies, suggest that impulsive choices triggered by pramipexole are supported by the caudate nucleus, allowing us to emphasize the importance of dopamine modulation inside this striatal territory in decision processes underlying impulsive behaviors. © 2019 International Parkinson and Movement Disorder Society.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eva Martinez
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
| | | | - Yosuke Saga
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France
| | - Élise Météreau
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France
| | - Léon Tremblay
- Institut des Sciences Cognitives Marc Jeannerod, UMR-5229, Bron, France.,Université Claude Bernard Lyon 1, Villeurbanne, France
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15
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Hauser SR, Knight CP, Truitt WA, Waeiss RA, Holt IS, Carvajal GB, Bell RL, Rodd ZA. Adolescent Intermittent Ethanol Increases the Sensitivity to the Reinforcing Properties of Ethanol and the Expression of Select Cholinergic and Dopaminergic Genes within the Posterior Ventral Tegmental Area. Alcohol Clin Exp Res 2019; 43:1937-1948. [DOI: 10.1111/acer.14150] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2019] [Accepted: 07/10/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sheketha R. Hauser
- Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana
| | | | - William A. Truitt
- Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Robert Aaron Waeiss
- Program in Medical Neuroscience Paul and Carole Stark Neurosciences Research Institute Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Ian S. Holt
- Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Gustavo B. Carvajal
- Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Richard L. Bell
- Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana
| | - Zachary A. Rodd
- Department of Psychiatry Indiana University School of Medicine Indianapolis Indiana
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16
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Zack M, Lobo D, Biback C, Fang T, Smart K, Tatone D, Kalia A, Digiacomo D, Kennedy JL. Impulsivity moderates the effects of dopamine D2 and mixed D1-D2 antagonists in individuals with gambling disorder. J Psychopharmacol 2019; 33:1015-1029. [PMID: 31219367 DOI: 10.1177/0269881119855972] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The functional role of dopamine D1 and D2 receptors in gambling disorder (GD) remains unclear. AIMS This study aimed to investigate the role of D1 activation and the moderating effects of impulsivity, a trait linked with weaker D2-mediated inhibition of dopamine release, in GD subjects. METHODS Thirty (nine female) non-comorbid GD subjects with low (LI), moderate (MI), or high impulsivity (HI) received the preferential D2 antagonist haloperidol (HAL; 3 mg) or the mixed D1-D2 antagonist fluphenazine (FLU; 3 mg), on separate sessions before a 15-minute slot machine game or amphetamine (AMPH; 20 mg), in a placebo-controlled, double-blind, counterbalanced design. RESULTS On their own, HAL and FLU led to linear increases and decreases, respectively, in desire to gamble across increasing levels of impulsivity. The slot machine and AMPH each evoked an inverted-U pattern of desire to gamble across increasing impulsivity. HAL reversed this effect of the game, whereas FLU did not alter post-game desire. HAL and FLU decreased and increased psychostimulant-like effects of the game, respectively, in LI and MI subjects, but consistently reduced these effects in HI subjects. HAL also altered the salience of negative affective words on a reading task, such that greater salience of negative words coincided with lower post-game desire to gamble. CONCLUSIONS D1 receptors appear to gauge the incentive value of gambling in GD subjects. D1 activation has negative reinforcing effects in HI gamblers and positive reinforcing effects in LI gamblers. Medications that activate D1 could curtail chasing in HI gamblers. D1 blockade could benefit HI gamblers whose main concern is craving.
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Affiliation(s)
- Martin Zack
- 1 Molecular Brain Sciences Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.,2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniela Lobo
- 1 Molecular Brain Sciences Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Candice Biback
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,4 Leslie Dan School of Pharmacy, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Tim Fang
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Kelly Smart
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Tatone
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Aditi Kalia
- 2 Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - Daniel Digiacomo
- 3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
| | - James L Kennedy
- 1 Molecular Brain Sciences Research Department, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health (CAMH), Toronto, ON, Canada.,3 Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada.,5 Institute of Medical Science, University of Toronto, Toronto, ON, Canada
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17
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Bono F, Mutti V, Savoia P, Barbon A, Bellucci A, Missale C, Fiorentini C. Nicotine prevents alpha-synuclein accumulation in mouse and human iPSC-derived dopaminergic neurons through activation of the dopamine D3- acetylcholine nicotinic receptor heteromer. Neurobiol Dis 2019; 129:1-12. [PMID: 31051233 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2019.04.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/23/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
We recently found that in mouse dopaminergic neurons, the heteromer formed by the dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) and the β2 subunit of acetylcholine nicotinic receptor (nAChR) exerts neurotrophic effects when activated by nicotine, leading to neurons with enlarged cell bodies and increased dendrite arborization. Beside this action, we now show that nicotine, by activating the D3R-nAChR heteromer, protects dopaminergic neurons against neuronal injury. In primary cultures of mouse dopaminergic neurons, in fact, the ability of nicotine to inhibit both the pathological accumulation of alpha-synuclein induced by glucose deprivation and the consequent morphological defects were strongly prevented by disrupting the D3R-nAChR heteromer with specific interfering TAT-peptides; the relevance of the phosphoinositide 3-kinase (PI3K) intracellular signaling in mediating nicotine prevention of alpha-synuclein aggregation has been also demonstrated. Moreover, the ability of nicotine in restoring the ubiquitin-proteasome system has been found as a mechanism contributing to the neuroprotective properties of nicotine. By using the proximity ligation assay, we have shown that the D3R-nAChR heteromer is also expressed in human dopaminergic neurons derived from induced pluripotent stem cells. In this human cell model, nicotine exerts neuroprotective effects specifically acting through the D3R-nAChR complex thus indicating that this heteromer is a relevant molecular effector involved in the protection of human dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bono
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Laboratory of Personalized and Preventive Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Veronica Mutti
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Paola Savoia
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Alessandro Barbon
- Unit of Biology and Genetic, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Arianna Bellucci
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy; Laboratory of Personalized and Preventive Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Cristina Missale
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Unit of Pharmacology, Department of Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
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18
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Receptor Ligands as Helping Hands to L-DOPA in the Treatment of Parkinson's Disease. Biomolecules 2019; 9:biom9040142. [PMID: 30970612 PMCID: PMC6523988 DOI: 10.3390/biom9040142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/18/2019] [Revised: 04/05/2019] [Accepted: 04/06/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Levodopa (LD) is the most effective drug in the treatment of Parkinson’s disease (PD). However, although it represents the “gold standard” of PD therapy, LD can cause side effects, including gastrointestinal and cardiovascular symptoms as well as transient elevated liver enzyme levels. Moreover, LD therapy leads to LD-induced dyskinesia (LID), a disabling motor complication that represents a major challenge for the clinical neurologist. Due to the many limitations associated with LD therapeutic use, other dopaminergic and non-dopaminergic drugs are being developed to optimize the treatment response. This review focuses on recent investigations about non-dopaminergic central nervous system (CNS) receptor ligands that have been identified to have therapeutic potential for the treatment of motor and non-motor symptoms of PD. In a different way, such agents may contribute to extending LD response and/or ameliorate LD-induced side effects.
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19
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Matera C, Bono F, Pelucchi S, Collo G, Bontempi L, Gotti C, Zoli M, De Amici M, Missale C, Fiorentini C, Dallanoce C. The novel hybrid agonist HyNDA-1 targets the D3R-nAChR heteromeric complex in dopaminergic neurons. Biochem Pharmacol 2019; 163:154-168. [PMID: 30772268 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcp.2019.02.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/10/2018] [Accepted: 02/13/2019] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
In this paper, we designed, synthesized and tested a small set of three new derivatives potentially targeting the D3R-nAChR heteromer, a receptor complex recently identified and characterized as the molecular entity that, in dopaminergic neurons, mediates the neurotrophic effects of nicotine. By means of a partially rigidified spacer of variable length, we incorporated in the new compounds (1a-c) the pharmacophoric substructure of a known β2-subunit-containing nAChR agonist (A-84543) and that of the D2/D3R agonist drug ropinirole. All the compounds retained the ability to bind with high affinity both β2-subunit-containing nAChR and D3R. Compound 1a, renamed HyNDA-1, which is characterized by the shortest linker moiety, was the most interesting ligand. We found, in fact, that HyNDA-1 significantly modulated structural plasticity on both mice and human dopaminergic neurons, an effect strongly prevented by co-incubating this ligand with either nAChR or D3R antagonists. Moreover, the neurotrophic effects of HyNDA-1 were specifically lost by disrupting the complex with specific interfering peptides. Interestingly, by using the Bioluminescence Resonance Energy Transfer 2 (BRET2) assay in HEK-293 transfected cells, we also found that HyNDA-1 has the ability to increase the affinity of interaction between nAChR and D3R. Overall, our results indicate that the neurotrophic effects of HyNDA-1 are mediated by activation of the D3R-nAChR heteromeric complex specifically expressed on dopaminergic neurons.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carlo Matera
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche - Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica "Pietro Pratesi", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Federica Bono
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale - Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Silvia Pelucchi
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmacologiche e Biomolecolari, Università degli Studi di Milano, Via Balzaretti 9, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Ginetta Collo
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale - Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Leonardo Bontempi
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale - Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Cecilia Gotti
- Istituto di Neuroscienze, CNR, Via Vanvitelli 32, 20129 Milan, Italy
| | - Michele Zoli
- Dipartimento di Scienze Biomediche, Metaboliche e Neuroscienze, Università degli Studi di Modena e Reggio Emilia, Via G. Campi 287, 41125 Modena, Italy
| | - Marco De Amici
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche - Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica "Pietro Pratesi", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy
| | - Cristina Missale
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale - Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Dipartimento di Medicina Molecolare e Traslazionale - Sezione di Farmacologia, Università degli Studi di Brescia, Viale Europa 11, 25123 Brescia, Italy.
| | - Clelia Dallanoce
- Dipartimento di Scienze Farmaceutiche - Sezione di Chimica Farmaceutica "Pietro Pratesi", Università degli Studi di Milano, Via L. Mangiagalli 25, 20133 Milano, Italy.
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20
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Fanni S, Scheggi S, Rossi F, Tronci E, Traccis F, Stancampiano R, De Montis MG, Devoto P, Gambarana C, Bortolato M, Frau R, Carta M. 5alpha-reductase inhibitors dampen L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia via normalization of dopamine D1-receptor signaling pathway and D1-D3 receptor interaction. Neurobiol Dis 2018; 121:120-130. [PMID: 30261284 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2018.09.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/01/2018] [Revised: 09/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Although 1-3,4-dihydroxyphenylalanine (L-DOPA) is the mainstay therapy for treating Parkinson's disease (PD), its long-term administration is accompanied by the development of motor complications, particularly L-DOPA induced dyskinesia (LID), that dramatically affects patients' quality of life. LID has consistently been related to an excessive dopamine receptor transmission, particularly at the down-stream signaling of the striatal D1 receptors (D1R), resulting in an exaggerated stimulation of cAMP-dependent protein kinase and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK) pathway. We previously reported that pharmacological blockade of 5alpha-reductase (5AR), the rate-limiting enzyme in neurosteroids synthesis, attenuates the severity of a broad set of behavioral alterations induced by D1R and D3R activation, without inducing extrapyramidal symptoms. In line with this evidence, in a recent study, we found that inhibition of 5AR by finasteride (FIN) produced a significant reduction of dyskinesia induced by L-DOPA and direct dopaminergic agonists in 6-OHDA-lesioned rats. In the attempt to further investigate the effect of 5AR inhibitors on dyskinesia and shed light on the mechanism of action, in the present study we compared the effect of FIN and dutasteride (DUTA), a potent dual 5AR inhibitor, on the development of LID, on the therapeutic efficacy of L-DOPA, on the molecular alterations downstream to the D1R, as well as on D1R-D3R interaction. The results indicated that both FIN and DUTA administration significantly reduced development and expression of LID; however, DUTA appeared more effective than FIN at a lower dose and produced its antidyskinetic effect without impacting the ability of L-DOPA to increase motor activation, or ameliorate forelimb use in parkinsonian rats. Moreover, this study demonstrates for the first time that 5AR inhibitors are able to prevent key events in the appearance of dyskinesia, such as L-DOPA-induced upregulation of striatal D1R-related cAMP/PKA/ERK signaling pathways and D1R-D3R coimmunoprecipitation, an index of heteromer formation. These findings are relevant as they confirm the 5AR enzyme as a potential therapeutic target for treatment of dyskinesia in PD, suggesting the first ever evidence that neurosteroidogenesis may affect functional interaction between dopamine D1R and D3R.
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Affiliation(s)
- Silvia Fanni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Simona Scheggi
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Francesca Rossi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Elisabetta Tronci
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Francesco Traccis
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Roberto Stancampiano
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Maria Graziella De Montis
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Paola Devoto
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy
| | - Carla Gambarana
- Department of Molecular and Developmental Medicine, University of Siena, Via Aldo Moro 4, 53100 Siena, Italy
| | - Marco Bortolato
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, University of Utah, 30 S 2000 E, Salt Lake City, UT 84112, USA
| | - Roberto Frau
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy; Tourette Syndrome Center, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy; Sleep Medicine Center, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy; National Institute of Neuroscience (INN), University of Cagliari, Monserrato, CA, Italy.
| | - Manolo Carta
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Cagliari, Cittadella Universitaria SP 8, Monserrato 09042, Italy.
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21
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Caravaggio F, Scifo E, Sibille EL, Hernandez-Da Mota SE, Gerretsen P, Remington G, Graff-Guerrero A. Expression of dopamine D2 and D3 receptors in the human retina revealed by positron emission tomography and targeted mass spectrometry. Exp Eye Res 2018; 175:32-41. [PMID: 29883636 DOI: 10.1016/j.exer.2018.06.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/12/2018] [Revised: 04/24/2018] [Accepted: 06/04/2018] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Dopamine D2 receptors (D2R) are expressed in the human retina and play an important role in the modulation of neural responses to light-adaptation. However, it is unknown whether dopamine D3 receptors (D3R) are expressed in the human retina. Using positron emission tomography (PET), we have observed significant uptake of the D3R-preferring agonist radiotracer [11C]-(+)-PHNO into the retina of humans in vivo. This led us to examine whether [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the retina was quantifiable using reference tissue methods and if D3R are expressed in human post-mortem retinal tissue. [11C]-(+)-PHNO data from 49 healthy controls (mean age: 39.96 ± 14.36; 16 female) and 12 antipsychotic-naïve patients with schizophrenia (mean age: 25.75 ± 6.25; 4 female) were analyzed. We observed no differences in [11C]-(+)-PHNO binding in the retina between first-episode, drug-naïve patients with schizophrenia and healthy controls. Post-mortem retinal tissues from four healthy persons (mean age: 59.75 ± 9.11; 2 female) and four patients with schizophrenia (mean age: 54 ± 17.11; 2 female) were analyzed using a targeted mass spectrometry technique: parallel reaction monitoring (PRM) analysis. Using targeted mass spectrometry, we confirmed that D3R are expressed in human retinal tissue ex vivo. Notably, there was far greater expression of D2R relative to D3R in the healthy human retina (∼12:1). Moreover, PRM analysis revealed reduced D2R, but not D3R, expression in the retinas of non-first episode patients with schizophrenia compared to healthy controls. We confirm that D3R are expressed in the human retina. Future studies are needed to determine what proportion of the [11C]-(+)-PHNO signal in the human retina in vivo is due to binding to D3R versus D2R. Knowledge that both D2R and D3R are expressed in the human retina, and potentially quantifiable in vivo using [11C]-(+)-PHNO, poses new research avenues for better understanding the role of retinal dopamine in human vision. This work may have important implications for elucidating pathophysiological and antipsychotic induced visual deficits in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fernando Caravaggio
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada.
| | - Enzo Scifo
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada; Molecular and Cellular Cognition Lab, German Center for Neurodegenerative Diseases(DZNE), Bonn, Germany
| | - Etienne L Sibille
- Campbell Family Mental Health Research Institute, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | | | - Philip Gerretsen
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Gary Remington
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
| | - Ariel Graff-Guerrero
- Research Imaging Centre, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada; Department of Psychiatry, University of Toronto, 250 College Street, Toronto, Ontario, M5T 1R8, Canada
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22
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Solís O, Moratalla R. Dopamine receptors: homomeric and heteromeric complexes in l-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2018; 125:1187-1194. [DOI: 10.1007/s00702-018-1852-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 01/31/2018] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
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23
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Wang J, Jia Y, Li G, Wang B, Zhou T, Zhu L, Chen T, Chen Y. The Dopamine Receptor D3 Regulates Lipopolysaccharide-Induced Depressive-Like Behavior in Mice. Int J Neuropsychopharmacol 2018; 21:448-460. [PMID: 29390063 PMCID: PMC5932470 DOI: 10.1093/ijnp/pyy005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/14/2017] [Accepted: 01/26/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The altered expression and function of dopamine receptor D3 (D3R) in patients and animal models have been correlated with depression disease severity. However, the morphological alterations and biological effects of D3R in the brain after inflammation-induced depressive-like behavior remain elusive. METHODS In the present study, we ascertained the changes of D3R expression in the brain regions after depressive-like behavior induced by peripheral administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Protein levels of proinflammatory cytokines, brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), and extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK1/2)-cAMP-response element-binding protein (CREB) signaling pathway after activation or inhibition of D3R in the brain of depressive mice were also investigated. RESULTS LPS caused a significant reduction of D3R in the ventral tegmental area (VTA), medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), and nucleus accumbens (NAc), which are areas related to the mesolimbic dopaminergic system. Pretreatment with pramipexole (PPX), a preferential D3R agonist, showed antidepressant effects on LPS-induced depression-like behavior through preventing changes in LPS-induced proinflammatory cytokines (tumour necrosis factor-α, interleukin-1β, and interleukin-6), BDNF, and ERK1/2-CREB signaling pathway in the VTA and NAc. In opposition, treatment with a D3R selective antagonist NGB 2904 alone made mice susceptible to depression-like effects and caused changes in accordance with the LPS-induced alterations in proinflammatory cytokines, BDNF, and the ERK1/2-CREB signaling pathway in the mPFC and NAc. CONCLUSIONS These findings provide a relevant mechanism for D3R in LPS-induced depressive-like behavior via its mediation of proinflammatory cytokines and potential cross-effects between BDNF and the ERK1/2-CREB signaling pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jing Wang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Yuwei Jia
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Guodong Li
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Biao Wang
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Ting Zhou
- Department of Laboratory Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China
| | - Li Zhu
- Forensic Medicine College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Teng Chen
- Forensic Medicine College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi’an, China
| | - Yanjiong Chen
- Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an, China,Forensic Medicine College of Xi’an Jiaotong University, Key Laboratory of the Health Ministry for Forensic Medicine, Xi’an, China,Correspondence: Yanjiong Chen, PhD, Department of Immunology and Pathogenic Biology, College of Basic Medicine, Xi’an Jiaotong University Health Science Center, Xi’an 710061, China ()
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24
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Villalba RM, Smith Y. Loss and remodeling of striatal dendritic spines in Parkinson's disease: from homeostasis to maladaptive plasticity? J Neural Transm (Vienna) 2017; 125:431-447. [PMID: 28540422 DOI: 10.1007/s00702-017-1735-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 05/10/2017] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
In Parkinson's disease (PD) patients and animal models of PD, the progressive degeneration of the nigrostriatal dopamine (DA) projection leads to two major changes in the morphology of striatal projection neurons (SPNs), i.e., a profound loss of dendritic spines and the remodeling of axospinous glutamatergic synapses. Striatal spine loss is an early event tightly associated with the extent of striatal DA denervation, but not the severity of parkinsonian motor symptoms, suggesting that striatal spine pruning might be a form of homeostatic plasticity that compensates for the loss of striatal DA innervation and the resulting dysregulation of corticostriatal glutamatergic transmission. On the other hand, the remodeling of axospinous corticostriatal and thalamostriatal glutamatergic synapses might represent a form of late maladaptive plasticity that underlies changes in the strength and plastic properties of these afferents and the resulting increased firing and bursting activity of striatal SPNs in the parkinsonian state. There is also evidence that these abnormal synaptic connections might contribute to the pathophysiology of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. Despite the significant advances made in this field over the last thirty years, many controversial issues remain about the striatal SPN subtypes affected, the role of spine changes in the altered activity of SPNs in the parkinsonisn state, and the importance of striatal spine plasticity in the pathophysiology of L-DOPA-induced dyskinesia. In this review, we will examine the current state of knowledge of these issues, discuss the limitations of the animal models used to address some of these questions, and assess the relevance of data from animal models to the human-diseased condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rosa M Villalba
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA. .,UDALL Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.
| | - Yoland Smith
- Yerkes National Primate Research Center, Emory University, 954 Gatewood Rd. NE, Atlanta, GA, 30329, USA.,UDALL Center of Excellence for Parkinson's Disease, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,Department of Neurology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA
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25
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Xu W, Wang X, Tocker AM, Huang P, Reith MEA, Liu-Chen LY, Smith AB, Kortagere S. Functional Characterization of a Novel Series of Biased Signaling Dopamine D3 Receptor Agonists. ACS Chem Neurosci 2017; 8:486-500. [PMID: 27801563 PMCID: PMC5813806 DOI: 10.1021/acschemneuro.6b00221] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Dopamine receptors play an integral role in controlling brain physiology. Importantly, subtype selective agonists and antagonists of dopamine receptors with biased signaling properties have been successful in treating psychiatric disorders with a low incidence of side effects. To this end, we recently designed and developed SK609, a dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) selective agonist that has atypical signaling properties. SK609 has shown efficacy in reversing akinesia and reducing L-dopa-induced dyskinesia in a hemiparkinsonian rats. In the current study, we demonstrate that SK609 has high selectivity for D3R with no binding affinity on D2R high- or low-affinity state when tested at a concentration of 10 μM. In addition, SK609 and its analogues do not induce desensitization of D3R as determined by repeated agonist treatment response in phosphorylation of ERK1/2 functional assay. Most significantly, SK609 and its analogues preferentially signal through the G-protein-dependent pathway and do not recruit β-arrestin-2, suggesting a functional bias toward the G-protein-dependent pathway. Structure-activity relationship (SAR) studies using analogues of SK609 demonstrate that the molecules bind at the orthosteric site by maintaining the conserved salt bridge interactions with aspartate 110 on transmembrane 3 and aryl interactions with histidine 349 on transmembrane 6, in addition to several hydrophobic interactions with residues from transmembranes 5 and 6. The compounds follow a strict SAR with reference to the three pharmacophore elements: substituted phenyl ring, length of the linker connecting phenyl ring and amine group, and orientation and hydrophobic branching groups at the amine among SK609 analogues for efficacy and functional selectivity. These features of SK609 and the analogues suggest that biased signaling is an inherent property of this series of molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Xu
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, United States
| | - Xiaozhao Wang
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, United States
| | - Aaron M. Tocker
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, United States
| | - Peng Huang
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Maarten E. A. Reith
- Department of Psychiatry, Biochemistry and Molecular Pharmacology, NYU School of Medicine, New York, New York 10016, United States
| | - Lee-Yuan Liu-Chen
- Department of Pharmacology, Temple University School of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19140, United States
| | - Amos B. Smith
- Department of Chemistry, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19102, United States
| | - Sandhya Kortagere
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, United States
- Institute for Molecular Medicine, Drexel University College of Medicine, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania 19129, United States
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26
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Role of Dopamine D2/D3 Receptors in Development, Plasticity, and Neuroprotection in Human iPSC-Derived Midbrain Dopaminergic Neurons. Mol Neurobiol 2017; 55:1054-1067. [DOI: 10.1007/s12035-016-0376-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/04/2016] [Accepted: 12/28/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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27
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Nishi A, Shuto T. Potential for targeting dopamine/DARPP-32 signaling in neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders. Expert Opin Ther Targets 2017; 21:259-272. [PMID: 28052701 DOI: 10.1080/14728222.2017.1279149] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Alterations in dopamine neurotransmission has been implicated in pathophysiology of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders, and DARPP-32 plays a pivotal role in dopamine neurotransmission. DARPP-32 likely influences dopamine-mediated behaviors in animal models of neuropsychiatric and neurodegenerative disorders and therapeutic effects of pharmacological treatment. Areas covered: We will review animal studies on the biochemical and behavioral roles of DARPP-32 in drug addiction, schizophrenia and Parkinson's disease. In general, under physiological and pathophysiological conditions, DARPP-32 in D1 receptor expressing (D1R) -medium spiny neurons (MSNs) promotes dopamine/D1 receptor/PKA signaling, whereas DARPP-32 in D2 receptor expressing (D2R)-MSNs counteracts dopamine/D2 receptor signaling. However, the function of DARPP-32 is differentially regulated in acute and chronic phases of drug addiction; DARPP-32 enhances D1 receptor/PKA signaling in the acute phase, whereas DARPP-32 suppresses D1 receptor/PKA signaling in the chronic phase through homeostatic mechanisms. Therefore, DARPP-32 plays a bidirectional role in dopamine neurotransmission, depending on the cell type and experimental conditions, and is involved in dopamine-related behavioral abnormalities. Expert opinion: DARPP-32 differentially regulates dopamine signaling in D1R- and D2R-MSNs, and a shift of balance between D1R- and D2R-MSN function is associated with behavioral abnormalities. An adjustment of this imbalance is achieved by therapeutic approaches targeting DARPP-32-related signaling molecules.
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Affiliation(s)
- Akinori Nishi
- a Department of Pharmacology , Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume, Fukuoka , Japan
| | - Takahide Shuto
- a Department of Pharmacology , Kurume University School of Medicine , Kurume, Fukuoka , Japan
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28
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Bono F, Fiorentini C. Exploring pre-degenerative alterations in humans using induced pluripotent stem cell-derived dopaminergic neurons. Neural Regen Res 2017; 12:1068-1070. [PMID: 28852384 PMCID: PMC5558481 DOI: 10.4103/1673-5374.211184] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Federica Bono
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of, Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
| | - Chiara Fiorentini
- Division of Pharmacology, Department of, Molecular and Translational Medicine, University of Brescia, Brescia, Italy
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29
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Gaiser EC, Gallezot JD, Worhunsky PD, Jastreboff AM, Pittman B, Kantrovitz L, Angarita GA, Cosgrove KP, Potenza MN, Malison RT, Carson RE, Matuskey D. Elevated Dopamine D 2/3 Receptor Availability in Obese Individuals: A PET Imaging Study with [ 11C](+)PHNO. Neuropsychopharmacology 2016; 41:3042-3050. [PMID: 27374277 PMCID: PMC5101552 DOI: 10.1038/npp.2016.115] [Citation(s) in RCA: 40] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2016] [Revised: 05/27/2016] [Accepted: 06/27/2016] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
Most prior work with positron emission tomography (PET) dopamine subtype 2/3 receptor (D2/3R) non-selective antagonist tracers suggests that obese (OB) individuals exhibit lower D2/3Rs when compared with normal weight (NW) individuals. A D3-preferring D2/3R agonist tracer, [11C](+)PHNO, has demonstrated that body mass index (BMI) was positively associated with D2/3R availability within striatal reward regions. To date, OB individuals have not been studied with [11C](+)PHNO. We assessed D2/3R availability in striatal and extrastriatal reward regions in 14 OB and 14 age- and gender-matched NW individuals with [11C](+)PHNO PET utilizing a high-resolution research tomograph. Additionally, in regions where group D2/3R differences were observed, secondary analyses of 42 individuals that constituted an overweight cohort was done to study the linear association between BMI and D2/3R availability in those respective regions. A group-by-brain region interaction effect (F7, 182=2.08, p=0.047) was observed. Post hoc analyses revealed that OB individuals exhibited higher tracer binding in D3-rich regions: the substantia nigra/ventral tegmental area (SN/VTA) (+20%; p=0.02), ventral striatum (VST) (+14%; p<0.01), and pallidum (+11%; p=0.02). BMI was also positively associated with D2/3R availability in the SN/VTA (r=0.34, p=0.03), VST (r=0.36, p=0.02), and pallidum (r=0.30, p=0.05) across all subjects. These data suggest that individuals who are obese have higher D2/3R availability in brain reward regions densely populated with D3Rs, potentially identifying a novel pharmacologic target for the treatment of obesity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Edward C Gaiser
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Patrick D Worhunsky
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Ania M Jastreboff
- Department of Internal Medicine, Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Pediatrics, Pediatric Endocrinology, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Brian Pittman
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | | | - Kelly P Cosgrove
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Marc N Potenza
- Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,CASAColumbia and Departments of Neuroscience and Child Study Center, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | | | - Richard E Carson
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - David Matuskey
- Department of Radiology and Biomedical Imaging, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Department of Psychiatry, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA,Departments of Psychiatry and Diagnostic Radiology, Yale School of Medicine, 801 Howard Ave, New Haven, CT 06520, USA, Tel: +1 203 737 6316, Fax: +1 203 785 2994, E-mail:
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30
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Hervé B, Fauvert D, Dard R, Roume J, Cognard S, Goidin D, Lozach F, Molina-Gomes D, Vialard F. The emerging microduplication 3q13.31: Expanding the genotype-phenotype correlations of the reciprocal microdeletion 3q13.31 syndrome. Eur J Med Genet 2016; 59:463-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ejmg.2016.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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31
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Cortés A, Moreno E, Rodríguez-Ruiz M, Canela EI, Casadó V. Targeting the dopamine D3 receptor: an overview of drug design strategies. Expert Opin Drug Discov 2016; 11:641-64. [PMID: 27135354 DOI: 10.1080/17460441.2016.1185413] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dopamine is a neurotransmitter widely distributed in both the periphery and the central nervous system (CNS). Its physiological effects are mediated by five closely related G protein-coupled receptors (GPCRs) that are divided into two major subclasses: the D1-like (D1, D5) and the D2-like (D2, D3, D4) receptors. D3 receptors (D3Rs) have the highest density in the limbic areas of the brain, which are associated with cognitive and emotional functions. These receptors are therefore attractive targets for therapeutic management. AREAS COVERED This review summarizes the functional and pharmacological characteristics of D3Rs, including the design and clinical relevance of full agonists, partial agonists and antagonists, as well as the capacity of these receptors to form active homodimers, heterodimers or higher order receptor complexes as pharmacological targets in several neurological and neurodegenerative disorders. EXPERT OPINION The high sequence homology between D3R and the D2-type challenges the development of D3R-selective compounds. The design of new D3R-preferential ligands with improved physicochemical properties should provide a better pharmacokinetic/bioavailability profile and lesser toxicity than is found with existing D3R ligands. It is also essential to optimize D3R affinity and, especially, D3R vs. D2-type binding and functional selectivity ratios. Developing allosteric and bitopic ligands should help to improve the D3R selectivity of these drugs. As most evidence points to the ability of GPCRs to form homomers and heteromers, the most promising therapeutic strategy in the future is likely to involve the application of heteromer-selective drugs. These selective ligands would display different affinities for a given receptor depending on the receptor partners within the heteromer. Therefore, designing novel compounds that specifically target and modulate D1R-D3R heteromers would be an interesting approach for the treatment of levodopa (L-DOPA)-induced dyskinesias.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antoni Cortés
- a Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , Spain.,b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB) , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Estefanía Moreno
- a Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , Spain.,b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB) , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Mar Rodríguez-Ruiz
- a Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , Spain.,b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB) , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Enric I Canela
- a Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , Spain.,b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB) , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
| | - Vicent Casadó
- a Centro de Investigación Biomédica en Red sobre Enfermedades Neurodegenerativas (CIBERNED) , Spain.,b Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biomedicine, Faculty of Biology, Institute of Biomedicine of the University of Barcelona (IBUB) , University of Barcelona , Barcelona , Spain
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Keck TM, John WS, Czoty PW, Nader MA, Newman AH. Identifying Medication Targets for Psychostimulant Addiction: Unraveling the Dopamine D3 Receptor Hypothesis. J Med Chem 2015; 58:5361-80. [PMID: 25826710 PMCID: PMC4516313 DOI: 10.1021/jm501512b] [Citation(s) in RCA: 80] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
Abstract
The dopamine D3 receptor (D3R) is a target for developing medications to treat substance use disorders. D3R-selective compounds with high affinity and varying efficacies have been discovered, providing critical research tools for cell-based studies that have been translated to in vivo models of drug abuse. D3R antagonists and partial agonists have shown especially promising results in rodent models of relapse-like behavior, including stress-, drug-, and cue-induced reinstatement of drug seeking. However, to date, translation to human studies has been limited. Herein, we present an overview and illustrate some of the pitfalls and challenges of developing novel D3R-selective compounds toward clinical utility, especially for treatment of cocaine abuse. Future research and development of D3R-selective antagonists and partial agonists for substance abuse remains critically important but will also require further evaluation and development of translational animal models to determine the best time in the addiction cycle to target D3Rs for optimal therapeutic efficacy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas M Keck
- †Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
| | - William S John
- §Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1083, United States
| | - Paul W Czoty
- §Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1083, United States
| | - Michael A Nader
- §Department of Physiology and Pharmacology, Wake Forest School of Medicine, Winston-Salem, North Carolina 27157-1083, United States
| | - Amy Hauck Newman
- †Medicinal Chemistry Section, Molecular Targets and Medications Discovery Branch, National Institute on Drug Abuse-Intramural Research Program, National Institutes of Health, 333 Cassell Drive, Baltimore, Maryland 21224, United States
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