1
|
Mahoney MW, Helander J, Kooner AS, Norman M, Damalanka VC, De Bona P, Kasperkiewicz P, Rut W, Poreba M, Kashipathy MM, Battaile KP, Lovell S, O'Donoghue AJ, Craik CS, Drag M, Janetka JW. Use of protease substrate specificity screening in the rational design of selective protease inhibitors with unnatural amino acids: Application to HGFA, matriptase, and hepsin. Protein Sci 2024; 33:e5110. [PMID: 39073183 PMCID: PMC11284329 DOI: 10.1002/pro.5110] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/26/2024] [Indexed: 07/30/2024]
Abstract
Inhibition of the proteolytic processing of hepatocyte growth factor (HGF) and macrophage stimulating protein (MSP) is an attractive approach for the drug discovery of novel anticancer therapeutics which prevent tumor progression and metastasis. Here, we utilized an improved and expanded version of positional scanning of substrate combinatorial libraries (PS-SCL) technique called HyCoSuL to optimize peptidomimetic inhibitors of the HGF/MSP activating serine proteases, HGFA, matriptase, and hepsin. These inhibitors have an electrophilic ketone serine trapping warhead and thus form a reversible covalent bond to the protease. We demonstrate that by varying the P2, P3, and P4 positions of the inhibitor with unnatural amino acids based on the protease substrate preferences learned from HyCoSuL, we can predictably modify the potency and selectivity of the inhibitor. We identified the tetrapeptide JH-1144 (8) as a single digit nM inhibitor of HGFA, matriptase and hepsin with excellent selectivity over Factor Xa and thrombin. These unnatural peptides have increased metabolic stability relative to natural peptides of similar structure. The tripeptide inhibitor PK-1-89 (2) has excellent pharmacokinetics in mice with good compound exposure out to 24 h. In addition, we obtained an X-ray structure of the inhibitor MM1132 (15) bound to matriptase revealing an interesting binding conformation useful for future inhibitor design.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Matthew W. Mahoney
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Jonathan Helander
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Anoopjit S. Kooner
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Mariah Norman
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Vishnu C. Damalanka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Paolo De Bona
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| | - Paulina Kasperkiewicz
- Division of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Department of ChemistryWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland
| | - Wioletta Rut
- Division of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Department of ChemistryWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland
| | - Marcin Poreba
- Division of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Department of ChemistryWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland
| | - Maithri M. Kashipathy
- Protein Structure Laboratory, Del Shankel Structural Biology Center, University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | | | - Scott Lovell
- Protein Structure Laboratory, Del Shankel Structural Biology Center, University of KansasLawrenceKansasUSA
| | - Anthony J. O'Donoghue
- Skaggs School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of CaliforniaSan DiegoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Charles S. Craik
- Department of Pharmaceutical ChemistryUniversity of CaliforniaSan FranciscoCaliforniaUSA
| | - Marcin Drag
- Division of Chemical Biology and Bioimaging, Department of ChemistryWroclaw University of Science and TechnologyWroclawPoland
| | - James W. Janetka
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular BiophysicsWashington University School of MedicineSaint LouisMissouriUSA
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Felip E, Metro G, Tan DSW, Wolf J, Mark M, Boyer M, Hughes BGM, Bearz A, Moro-Sibilot D, Le X, Puente J, Massuti B, Tiedt R, Wang Y, Xu C, Mardjuadi FI, Cobo M. Capmatinib plus nivolumab in pretreated patients with EGFR wild-type advanced non-small cell lung cancer. Lung Cancer 2024; 192:107820. [PMID: 38763104 DOI: 10.1016/j.lungcan.2024.107820] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/28/2024] [Revised: 04/10/2024] [Accepted: 05/09/2024] [Indexed: 05/21/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Dysregulated MET is an established oncogenic driver in non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC). MET signaling may also suppress anticancer immune responses. Concomitant MET inhibition with capmatinib (a MET inhibitor) synergistically enhanced the efficacy of immunotherapies in murine cancer models, regardless of tumor dependency to MET signaling. Here, we report results of a multicenter, open-label, phase 2 study of capmatinib plus nivolumab (a PD-1 inhibitor) in patients with EGFR wild-type advanced NSCLC, previously treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. METHODS Patients were allocated into high-MET or low-MET groups according to MET expression determined by immunohistochemistry, MET gene copy number as assessed by fluorescence in-situ hybridization, and presence of MET exon 14 skipping mutation, then received capmatinib 400 mg, oral, twice daily in combination with nivolumab 3 mg/kg intravenously every 2 weeks. The primary endpoint was investigator-assessed 6-month progression-free survival (PFS) rate per RECIST v1.1. RESULTS The primary endpoint was met in both the high-MET (N = 16) and low-MET (N = 30) groups. In the high-MET and low-MET groups, respectively, the estimated mean 6-month PFS rate (95 % credible interval) by Bayesian analysis was 68.9 % (48.5-85.7) and 50.9 % (35.6-66.4). The Kaplan-Meier median PFS (95 % CI) was 6.2 months (3.5-19.2) and 4.2 months (1.8-7.4). The overall response rate (95 % CI) was 25.0 % (7.3-52.4) and 16.7 % (5.6-34.7). Most frequent treatment-related adverse events (≥30 % any grade, N = 46) were nausea (52.2 %), peripheral edema (34.8 %), and increased blood creatinine (30.4 %). CONCLUSIONS Capmatinib plus nivolumab showed clinical activity and manageable safety in pretreated patients with advanced EGFR wild-type NSCLC, independent of MET status. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov NCT02323126.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Enriqueta Felip
- Medical Oncology Service, Vall d'Hebron Institute of Oncology, Vall d'Hebron Barcelona Hospital Campus, Universitat Autonoma de Barcelona, Spain.
| | - Giulio Metro
- Medical Oncology, Santa Maria della Misericordia Hospital, Azienda Ospedaliero-Universitaria di Perugia, Perugia, Italy
| | | | - Juergen Wolf
- Department of Internal Medicine, Center for Integrated Oncology, University Hospital Cologne, Cologne, Germany
| | - Michael Mark
- Division of Oncology/Hematology, Kantonsspital Graubuenden, Chur, Switzerland; Università della Svizzera Italiana, Lugano, Switzerland
| | - Michael Boyer
- Department of Oncology, Chris O'Brien Lifehouse, New South Wales, Australia
| | - Brett G M Hughes
- The Prince Charles Hospital and University of Queensland, Queensland, Australia
| | | | | | - Xiuning Le
- The University of Texas MD Anderson Cancer Center, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Javier Puente
- Medical Oncology Department, Hospital Clínico San Carlos, Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Hospital Clínico San Carlos (IdISSC), CIBERONC, Madrid, Spain
| | | | | | - Yingying Wang
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Chao Xu
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Feby I Mardjuadi
- Novartis Institutes for Biomedical Research Co., Ltd, Shanghai, China
| | - Manuel Cobo
- Medical Oncology Intercenter Unit. Regional and Virgen de la Victoria University Hospitals, IBIMA, Málaga, Spain
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Yanagisawa T, Mori K, Matsukawa A, Kawada T, Katayama S, Bekku K, Laukhtina E, Rajwa P, Quhal F, Pradere B, Fukuokaya W, Iwatani K, Murakami M, Bensalah K, Grünwald V, Schmidinger M, Shariat SF, Kimura T. Updated systematic review and network meta-analysis of first-line treatments for metastatic renal cell carcinoma with extended follow-up data. Cancer Immunol Immunother 2024; 73:38. [PMID: 38289361 PMCID: PMC10827892 DOI: 10.1007/s00262-023-03621-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/26/2023] [Accepted: 12/20/2023] [Indexed: 02/01/2024]
Abstract
Immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combination therapies are the recommended first-line treatment for metastatic renal cell carcinoma (mRCC). However, no head-to-head phase-3 randomized controlled trials (RCTs) have compared the efficacy of different ICI-based combination therapies. Here, we compared the efficacy of various first-line ICI-based combination therapies in patients with mRCC using updated survival data from phase-3 RCTs. Three databases were searched in June 2023 for RCTs that analyzed oncologic outcomes in mRCC patients treated with ICI-based combination therapies as first-line treatment. A network meta-analysis compared outcomes including overall survival (OS), progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR), and complete response (CR) rate. Subgroup analyses were based on the International mRCC Database Consortium risk classification. The treatment ranking analysis of the entire cohort showed that nivolumab + cabozantinib (81%) had the highest likelihood of improving OS, followed by nivolumab + ipilimumab (75%); pembrolizumab + lenvatinib had the highest likelihood of improving PFS (99%), ORR (97%), and CR (86%). These results remained valid even when the analysis was limited to patients with intermediate/poor risk, except that nivolumab + ipilimumab had the highest likelihood of achieving CR (100%). Further, OS benefits of ICI doublets were not inferior to those of ICI + tyrosine kinase inhibitor combinations. Recommendation of combination therapies with ICIs and/or tyrosine kinase inhibitors based on survival benefits and patient pretreatment risk classification will help advance personalized medicine for mRCC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Takafumi Yanagisawa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Keiichiro Mori
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria.
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan.
| | - Akihiro Matsukawa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Tatsushi Kawada
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Satoshi Katayama
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Kensuke Bekku
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Dentistry and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Okayama University Graduate School of Medicine, Okayama, Japan
| | - Ekaterina Laukhtina
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Institute for Urology and Reproductive Health, Sechenov University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Pawel Rajwa
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, Medical University of Silesia, Zabrze, Poland
| | - Fahad Quhal
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, King Fahad Specialist Hospital, Dammam, Saudi Arabia
| | - Benjamin Pradere
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Department of Urology, La Croix Du Sud Hospital, Quint Fonsegrives, France
| | - Wataru Fukuokaya
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Kosuke Iwatani
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Masaya Murakami
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Karim Bensalah
- Department of Urology, University of Rennes, Rennes, France
| | - Viktor Grünwald
- Clinic for Medical Oncology and Clinic for Urology, West German Cancer Center Essen, University Hospital Essen, Essen, Germany
| | - Manuela Schmidinger
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
| | - Shahrokh F Shariat
- Department of Urology, Comprehensive Cancer Center, Medical University of Vienna, Wahringer Gurtel 18-20, 1090, Vienna, Austria
- Division of Urology, Department of Special Surgery, The University of Jordan, Amman, Jordan
- Department of Urology, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX, USA
- Department of Urology, Second Faculty of Medicine, Charles University, Prague, Czech Republic
- Department of Urology, Weill Cornell Medical College, New York, NY, USA
- Karl Landsteiner Institute of Urology and Andrology, Vienna, Austria
| | - Takahiro Kimura
- Department of Urology, The Jikei University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Shin M, Ahn S, Jung J, Hyung S, Kim K, Kim ST, Kang WK, Lee J. Impact of programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) positivity on clinical and molecular features of patients with metastatic gastric cancer. Cancer Med 2023; 12:18633-18642. [PMID: 37654198 PMCID: PMC10557860 DOI: 10.1002/cam4.6472] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/14/2023] [Revised: 07/13/2023] [Accepted: 08/11/2023] [Indexed: 09/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Programmed death-ligand 1 (PD-L1) is an important screening biomarker to select patients with gastric cancer (GC) for optimized treatment, including immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICI). METHODS In this single-institution retrospective cohort study, patients with metastatic GC with available PD-L1 results between October 2019 and September 2021 were identified by reviewing their electronic medical records. Genomic data were obtained from the Samsung Medical Center Clinical Sequencing Platform. RESULTS Among the 399 patients, 276 (69%) had a PD-L1 combined positive score (CPS) ≥1, 155 (39%) had a CPS between 1 and 5, and 121 (30%) had a CPS ≥5. Of the 121 patients with CPS ≥5, 28 (23%) had a known etiology for "inflamed tumor," with Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) positivity (N = 11) or high tumor mutational burden (TMB) (N = 17), which included microsatellite instability (MSI) (N = 9). PD-L1 CPS ≥5 was observed in 11/11 (100%) patients with EBV positivity, 9/12 (75%) patients with MSI, and 17/33 (52%) patients with high TMB. For the 108 patients who received ICI therapy, CPS ≥5 was the only predictor significantly associated with survival in multivariable analyses, including TMB, MSI, or EBV. Objective response rate (ORR) was 49% in patients with CPS ≥5, 30% in patients with 1 ≤ CPS <5, and 19% in patients with CPS <1. Among the 31 responders to ICI therapy, 27 (87%) had a CPS of ≥1. Mutations in TET2, IRS2, DOT1L, PTPRT, and LRP1B were associated with a higher ORR (63%-100%), whereas MDC1 mutations were associated with a low ORR (22%). CONCLUSIONS PD-L1 expression is an independent and sensitive biomarker for ICI therapy. Considering its significant association with several gene alterations, including PIK3CA mutations and MET amplification, combining ICI therapy with other targeted agents may be a promising therapeutic strategy for GC.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Minkyue Shin
- Division of Hematology‐Oncology, Department of MedicineSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Soomin Ahn
- Department of Pathology and Translational GenomicsSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jaeyun Jung
- Innovative Institute for Precision Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Sujin Hyung
- Innovative Institute for Precision Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Kyoung‐Mee Kim
- Department of Pathology and Translational GenomicsSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Seung Tae Kim
- Division of Hematology‐Oncology, Department of MedicineSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Won Ki Kang
- Division of Hematology‐Oncology, Department of MedicineSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| | - Jeeyun Lee
- Division of Hematology‐Oncology, Department of MedicineSungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Samsung Medical CenterSeoulSouth Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zhang C, Huang G, Yang J, Jiang Y, Huang R, Ye Z, Huang Y, Hu H, Xi X. Overexpression of DBT suppresses the aggressiveness of renal clear cell carcinoma and correlates with immune infiltration. Front Immunol 2023; 14:1197011. [PMID: 37383233 PMCID: PMC10293648 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2023.1197011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2023] [Accepted: 05/22/2023] [Indexed: 06/30/2023] Open
Abstract
Conventional therapy for kidney renal clear cell carcinoma (KIRC) is unpromising. The tumor microenvironment (TME) is intimately linked to the invasiveness of a variety of tumor forms, including KIRC. The purpose of this research is to establish the prognostic and immune-related significance of dihydrolipoamide branched chain transacylase E2 (DBT) in individuals with KIRC. In this investigation, we discovered that DBT expression was down-regulated in a range of human malignancies, and low DBT expression in KIRC was linked to higher-level clinicopathological characteristics as well as a poor prognosis for KIRC patients. Based on the findings of univariate and multivariate Cox regression analyses, DBT might be employed as an independent prognostic factor in KIRC patients. Furthermore, we developed a nomogram to better investigate DBT's predictive usefulness. To confirm DBT expression, we examined KIRC cell lines using RT-qPCR and Western blotting. We also examined the role of DBT in KIRC using colony formation, CCK-8, EdU, transwell, and wound healing assays. We discovered that plasmid-mediated overexpression of DBT in KIRC cells slowed cell proliferation and decreased migration and invasion. Multiple enrichment analyses revealed that DBT may be involved in processes and pathways related to immunotherapy and drug metabolism. We computed the immune infiltration score and discovered that the immunological score and the ESTIMATE score were both greater in the DBT low expression group. According to the CIBERSORT algorithm, DBT seems to promote anti-cancer immune responses in KIRC by activating M1 macrophages, mast cells, and dendritic cells while inhibiting regulatory T cells. Finally, in KIRC, DBT expression was found to be highly linked to immunological checkpoints, targeted medicines, and immunotherapeutic agents. Our findings suggest that DBT is a distinct predictive biomarker for KIRC patients, playing a significant role in the TME of KIRC and serving as a reference for the selection of targeted treatment and immunotherapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Chiyu Zhang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Gaomin Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jiale Yang
- Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery Division, Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yi Jiang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Ruizhen Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenfeng Ye
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yawei Huang
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Honglin Hu
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Xiaoqing Xi
- Department of Urology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
The Features of Immune Checkpoint Gene Regulation by microRNA in Cancer. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23169324. [PMID: 36012588 PMCID: PMC9409052 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23169324] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Currently, the search for new promising tools of immunotherapy continues. In this regard, microRNAs (miRNAs) that influence immune checkpoint (IC) gene expression in tumor and T-cells and may be important regulators of immune cells are considered. MiRNAs regulate gene expression by blocking mRNA translation. An important feature of miRNA is its ability to affect the expression of several genes simultaneously, which corresponds to the trend toward the use of combination therapy. The article provides a list of miRNAs acting simultaneously on several ICs and miRNAs that, in addition to IC, can regulate the expression of targeted therapy genes. There is dependence of miRNA interactions with IC genes on the type of cancer. The analysis of the accumulated data demonstrates that only about 14% (95% CI: 9.8–20.1%) of the studied miRNAs regulate the expression of specific IC in more than one type of cancer. That is, there is tumor specificity in the miRNA action on ICs. A number of miRNAs demonstrated high efficiency in vitro and in vivo. This indicates the potential of miRNAs as promising agents for cancer immunotherapy. Additional studies of the miRNA–gene interaction features and the search for an optimal miRNA mimic structure are necessary.
Collapse
|