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Preminger N, Schuldiner M. Beyond fission and fusion-Diving into the mysteries of mitochondrial shape. PLoS Biol 2024; 22:e3002671. [PMID: 38949997 PMCID: PMC11216622 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pbio.3002671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Abstract
Mitochondrial shape and network formation have been primarily associated with the well-established processes of fission and fusion. However, recent research has unveiled an intricate and multifaceted landscape of mitochondrial morphology that extends far beyond the conventional fission-fusion paradigm. These less-explored dimensions harbor numerous unresolved mysteries. This review navigates through diverse processes influencing mitochondrial shape and network formation, highlighting the intriguing complexities and gaps in our understanding of mitochondrial architecture. The exploration encompasses various scales, from biophysical principles governing membrane dynamics to molecular machineries shaping mitochondria, presenting a roadmap for future research in this evolving field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Noga Preminger
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
| | - Maya Schuldiner
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot, Israel
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2
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Canale P, Borghini A. Mitochondrial microRNAs: New Emerging Players in Vascular Senescence and Atherosclerotic Cardiovascular Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:6620. [PMID: 38928325 PMCID: PMC11204228 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25126620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2024] [Revised: 06/04/2024] [Accepted: 06/14/2024] [Indexed: 06/28/2024] Open
Abstract
MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small non-coding RNAs that play an important role by controlling gene expression in the cytoplasm in almost all biological pathways. Recently, scientists discovered that miRNAs are also found within mitochondria, the energy-producing organelles of cells. These mitochondrial miRNAs, known as mitomiRs, can originate from the nuclear or mitochondrial genome, and they are pivotal in controlling mitochondrial function and metabolism. New insights indicate that mitomiRs may influence key aspects of the onset and progression of cardiovascular disease, especially concerning mitochondrial function and metabolic regulation. While the importance of mitochondria in cardiovascular health and disease is well-established, our understanding of mitomiRs' specific functions in crucial biological pathways, including energy metabolism, oxidative stress, inflammation, and cell death, is still in its early stages. Through this review, we aimed to delve into the mechanisms of mitomiR generation and their impacts on mitochondrial metabolic pathways within the context of vascular cell aging and atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. The relatively unexplored field of mitomiR biology holds promise for future research investigations, with the potential to yield novel diagnostic tools and therapeutic interventions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paola Canale
- Health Science Interdisciplinary Center, Sant’Anna School of Advanced Studies, 56124 Pisa, Italy;
- CNR Institute of Clinical Physiology, 56124 Pisa, Italy
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3
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Luo L, An X, Xiao Y, Sun X, Li S, Wang Y, Sun W, Yu D. Mitochondrial-related microRNAs and their roles in cellular senescence. Front Physiol 2024; 14:1279548. [PMID: 38250662 PMCID: PMC10796628 DOI: 10.3389/fphys.2023.1279548] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/18/2023] [Accepted: 12/13/2023] [Indexed: 01/23/2024] Open
Abstract
Aging is a natural aspect of mammalian life. Although cellular mortality is inevitable, various diseases can hasten the aging process, resulting in abnormal or premature senescence. As cells age, they experience distinctive morphological and biochemical shifts, compromising their functions. Research has illuminated that cellular senescence coincides with significant alterations in the microRNA (miRNA) expression profile. Notably, a subset of aging-associated miRNAs, originally encoded by nuclear DNA, relocate to mitochondria, manifesting a mitochondria-specific presence. Additionally, mitochondria themselves house miRNAs encoded by mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA). These mitochondria-residing miRNAs, collectively referred to as mitochondrial miRNAs (mitomiRs), have been shown to influence mtDNA transcription and protein synthesis, thereby impacting mitochondrial functionality and cellular behavior. Recent studies suggest that mitomiRs serve as critical sensors for cellular senescence, exerting control over mitochondrial homeostasis and influencing metabolic reprogramming, redox equilibrium, apoptosis, mitophagy, and calcium homeostasis-all processes intimately connected to senescence. This review synthesizes current findings on mitomiRs, their mitochondrial targets, and functions, while also exploring their involvement in cellular aging. Our goal is to shed light on the potential molecular mechanisms by which mitomiRs contribute to the aging process.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ling Luo
- Public Research Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xingna An
- Public Research Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yinghui Xiao
- Public Research Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Xiguang Sun
- Department of Hand Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Sijie Li
- Department of Breast Surgery, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Yingzhao Wang
- Department of Neurology, Qianwei Hospital of Jilin Province, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Weixia Sun
- Department of Nephrology, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
| | - Dehai Yu
- Public Research Platform, The First Hospital of Jilin University, Changchun, Jilin, China
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4
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Matsuyama S, Nakamura S, Minabe S, Sakatani M, Takenouchi N, Sasaki T, Inoue Y, Iwata H, Kimura K. Deterioration of mitochondrial biogenesis and degradation in the endometrium is a cause of subfertility in cows. Mol Reprod Dev 2023; 90:141-152. [PMID: 36645869 DOI: 10.1002/mrd.23670] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2022] [Revised: 12/02/2022] [Accepted: 01/05/2023] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
To investigate possible causes of reproductive failure, we conducted global endometrial gene expression analyses in fertile and subfertile cows. Ingenuity pathway analysis showed that RICTOR and SIRT3 are significant upstream regulators for highly expressed genes in fertile cows, and are predicted to be activated upstream regulators of normal mitochondrial respiration. Canonical pathway analysis revealed that these highly expressed genes are involved in the activation of mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. Therefore, in subfertile cows, the inactivation of RICTOR and SIRT3 may correlate with decreased capacity of mitochondrial respiration. Furthermore, the expression levels of most mitochondrial DNA genes and nuclear genes encoding mitochondrial proteins were higher in subfertile cows. The mitochondrial DNA copy number was significantly higher in the endometrium of subfertile cows, whereas the ATP content did not differ between fertile and subfertile cows. Quantitative reverse transcription-PCR analysis demonstrated that the expression of PGC1a, TFAM, MFN1, FIS1, and BCL2L13 were significantly lower in subfertile cows. In addition, transmission electron microscopy images showed mitochondrial swelling in the endometrial cells of the subfertile cow. These results suggest that poor-quality mitochondria accumulate in the endometrium owing to a reduced capacity for mitochondrial biogenesis, fusion, fission, and degradation in subfertile cows, and may contribute to infertility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuichi Matsuyama
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
| | - Sho Nakamura
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Okayama University of Science, Imabari, Japan
| | - Shiori Minabe
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
| | - Miki Sakatani
- Division of Animal Feeding and Management Research, Institute of Livestock and Grassland Science, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Nasushiobara, Japan
- Livestock and Grassland Research Division, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Naoki Takenouchi
- Livestock and Grassland Research Division, Kyushu Okinawa Agricultural Research Center, National Agriculture and Food Research Organization (NARO), Kumamoto, Japan
| | - Takuya Sasaki
- Laboratory of Animal Production Science, Graduate School of Bioagricultural Sciences, Nagoya University, Nagoya, Japan
- Okayama A.I. Center, Livestock Improvement Association of Japan Inc., Maebashi, Japan
| | - Yuki Inoue
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Laboratory of Animal Reproduction, Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Setagaya, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koji Kimura
- Laboratory of Reproductive Physiology, Graduate School of Environmental and Life Science, Okayama University, Okayama, Japan
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5
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Calorie Restriction Provides Kidney Ischemic Tolerance in Senescence-Accelerated OXYS Rats. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232315224. [PMID: 36499550 PMCID: PMC9735762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232315224] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2022] [Revised: 11/13/2022] [Accepted: 11/29/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Kidney diseases belong to a group of pathologies, which are most common among elderly people. With age, even outwardly healthy organisms start to exhibit some age-related changes in the renal tissue, which reduce the filtration function of kidneys and increase the susceptibility to injury. The therapy of acute kidney injury (AKI) is aggravated by the absence of targeted pharmacotherapies thus yielding high mortality of patients with AKI. In this study, we analyzed the protective effects of calorie restriction (CR) against ischemic AKI in senescence-accelerated OXYS rats. We observed that CR afforded OXYS rats with significant nephroprotection. To uncover molecular mechanisms of CR beneficial effects, we assessed the levels of anti- and proapoptotic proteins of the Bcl-2 family, COX IV, GAPDH, and mitochondrial deacetylase SIRT-3, as well as alterations in total protein acetylation and carbonylation, mitochondrial dynamics (OPA1, Fis1, Drp1) and kidney regeneration pathways (PCNA, GDF11). The activation of autophagy and mitophagy was analyzed by LC3 II/LC3 I ratio, beclin-1, PINK-1, and total mitochondrial protein ubiquitination. Among all considered protective pathways, the improvement of mitochondrial functioning may be suggested as one of the possible mechanisms for beneficial effects of CR.
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Mitochondrial function and nutrient sensing pathways in ageing: enhancing longevity through dietary interventions. Biogerontology 2022; 23:657-680. [PMID: 35842501 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-022-09978-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/07/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is accompanied by alterations in several biochemical processes, highly influenced by its environment. It is controlled by the interactions at various levels of biological hierarchy. To maintain homeostasis, a number of nutrient sensors respond to the nutritional status of the cell and control its energy metabolism. Mitochondrial physiology is influenced by the energy status of the cell. The alterations in mitochondrial physiology and the network of nutrient sensors result in mitochondrial damage leading to age related metabolic degeneration and diseases. Calorie restriction (CR) has proved to be as the most successful intervention to achieve the goal of longevity and healthspan. CR elicits a hormetic response and regulates metabolism by modulating these networks. In this review, the authors summarize the interdependent relationship between mitochondrial physiology and nutrient sensors during the ageing process and their role in regulating metabolism.
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7
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JEDLIČKA J, TŮMA Z, RAZAK K, KUNC R, KALA A, PEÑA SPROSKAUER, LERCHNER T, JEŽEK K, KUNCOVÁ J. Impact of aging on mitochondrial respiration in various organs. Physiol Res 2022; 71:S227-S236. [PMID: 36647911 PMCID: PMC9906668 DOI: 10.33549/physiolres.934995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are considered central regulator of the aging process; however, majority of studies dealing with the impact of age on mitochondrial oxygen consumption focused on skeletal muscle concluding (although not uniformly) a general declining trend with advancing age. In addition, gender related differences in mitochondrial respiration have not been satisfactorily described yet. The aim of the present study was to evaluate mitochondrial oxygen consumption in various organs of aging male and female Fischer 344 rats at the ages of 6, 12 and 24 months. Mitochondrial respiration of homogenized (skeletal muscle, left and right heart ventricle, hippocampus, cerebellum, kidney cortex), gently mechanically permeabilized (liver) tissue or intact cells (platelets) was determined using high-resolution respirometry (oxygraphs O2k, Oroboros, Austria). The pattern of age-related changes differed in each tissue: in the skeletal muscle and kidney cortex of both sexes and in female heart, parameters of mitochondrial respiration significantly declined with age. Resting respiration of intact platelets displayed an increasing trend and it did not correlate with skeletal muscle respiratory states. In the heart of male rats and brain tissues of both sexes, respiratory states remained relatively stable over analyzed age categories with few exceptions of lower mitochondrial oxygen consumption at the age of 24 months. In the liver, OXPHOS capacity was higher in females than in males with either no difference between the ages of 6 and 24 months or even significant increase at the age of 24 months in the male rats. In conclusion, the results of our study indicate that the concept of general pattern of age-dependent decline in mitochondrial oxygen consumption across different organs and tissues could be misleading. Also, the statement of higher mitochondrial respiration in females seems to be conflicting, since the gender-related differences may vary with the tissue studied, combination of substrates used and might be better detectable at younger ages than in old animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jan JEDLIČKA
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Zdeněk TŮMA
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Karim RAZAK
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Radovan KUNC
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic,Institute of Social Medicine, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Annu KALA
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | | | - Tobias LERCHNER
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Karel JEŽEK
- Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
| | - Jitka KUNCOVÁ
- Institute of Physiology, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic,Biomedical Centre, Faculty of Medicine in Plzeň, Charles University, Plzeň, Czech Republic
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8
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Vo TTT, Huynh TD, Wang CS, Lai KH, Lin ZC, Lin WN, Chen YL, Peng TY, Wu HC, Lee IT. The Potential Implications of Hydrogen Sulfide in Aging and Age-Related Diseases through the Lens of Mitohormesis. Antioxidants (Basel) 2022; 11:1619. [PMID: 36009338 PMCID: PMC9404924 DOI: 10.3390/antiox11081619] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/26/2022] [Revised: 08/15/2022] [Accepted: 08/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
The growing increases in the global life expectancy and the incidence of chronic diseases as a direct consequence have highlighted a demand to develop effective strategies for promoting the health of the aging population. Understanding conserved mechanisms of aging across species is believed helpful for the development of approaches to delay the progression of aging and the onset of age-related diseases. Mitochondrial hormesis (or mitohormesis), which can be defined as an evolutionary-based adaptive response to low-level stress, is emerging as a promising paradigm in the field of anti-aging. Depending on the severity of the perceived stress, there are varying levels of hormetic response existing in the mitochondria called mitochondrial stress response. Hydrogen sulfide (H2S) is a volatile, flammable, and toxic gas, with a characteristic odor of rotten eggs. However, H2S is now recognized an important gaseous signaling molecule to both physiology and pathophysiology in biological systems. Recent studies that elucidate the importance of H2S as a therapeutic molecule has suggested its protective effects beyond the traditional understanding of its antioxidant properties. H2S can also be crucial for the activation of mitochondrial stress response, postulating a potential mechanism for combating aging and age-related diseases. Therefore, this review focuses on highlighting the involvement of H2S and its sulfur-containing derivatives in the induction of mitochondrial stress response, suggesting a novel possibility of mitohormesis through which this gaseous signaling molecule may promote the healthspan and lifespan of an organism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thi Thuy Tien Vo
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Thao Duy Huynh
- Lab of Biomaterial, Department of Histology, Embryology, and Genetics, Pham Ngoc Thach University of Medicine, Ho Chi Minh City 72500, Vietnam
| | - Ching-Shuen Wang
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Kuei-Hung Lai
- PhD Program in Clinical Drug Development of Herbal Medicine, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Zih-Chan Lin
- Department of Nursing, Division of Basic Medical Sciences, and Chronic Diseases and Health Promotion Research Center, Chang Gung University of Science and Technology, Puzi City, Chiayi County 61363, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Ning Lin
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Pharmaceutical Science, Fu Jen Catholic University, New Taipei City 24205, Taiwan
| | - Yuh-Lien Chen
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, College of Medicine, National Taiwan University, Taipei 10617, Taiwan
| | - Tzu-Yu Peng
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - Ho-Cheng Wu
- Graduate Institute of Pharmacognosy, College of Pharmacy, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
| | - I-Ta Lee
- School of Dentistry, College of Oral Medicine, Taipei Medical University, Taipei 11031, Taiwan
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9
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Common Principles and Specific Mechanisms of Mitophagy from Yeast to Humans. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms22094363. [PMID: 33922020 PMCID: PMC8122514 DOI: 10.3390/ijms22094363] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/19/2021] [Revised: 04/12/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are double membrane-bound organelles in eukaryotic cells essential to a variety of cellular functions including energy conversion and ATP production, iron-sulfur biogenesis, lipid and amino acid metabolism, and regulating apoptosis and stress responses. Mitochondrial dysfunction is mechanistically linked to several neurodegenerative diseases, cancer, and ageing. Excessive and dysfunctional/damaged mitochondria are degraded by selective autophagic pathways known as mitophagy. Both budding yeast and mammals use the well-conserved machinery of core autophagy-related genes (ATGs) to execute and regulate mitophagy. In mammalian cells, the PINK1-PARKIN mitophagy pathway is a well-studied pathway that senses dysfunctional mitochondria and marks them for degradation in the lysosome. PINK1-PARKIN mediated mitophagy relies on ubiquitin-binding mitophagy adaptors that are non-ATG proteins. Loss-of-function mutations in PINK1 and PARKIN are linked to Parkinson´s disease (PD) in humans, and defective mitophagy is proposed to be a main pathomechanism. Despite the common view that yeast cells lack PINK1- and PARKIN-homologs and that mitophagy in yeast is solely regulated by receptor-mediated mitophagy, some studies suggest that a ubiquitination-dependent mitophagy pathway also exists. Here, we will discuss shared mechanisms between mammals and yeast, how mitophagy in the latter is regulated in a ubiquitin-dependent and -independent manner, and why these pathways are essential for yeast cell survival and fitness under various physiological stress conditions.
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10
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Zia A, Farkhondeh T, Pourbagher-Shahri AM, Samarghandian S. The Roles of mitochondrial dysfunction and Reactive Oxygen Species in Aging and Senescence. Curr Mol Med 2021; 22:37-49. [PMID: 33602082 DOI: 10.2174/1566524021666210218112616] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/01/2020] [Revised: 12/16/2020] [Accepted: 12/23/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The aging process deteriorates organs' function at different levels, causing its progressive decline to resist stress, damage, and disease. In addition to alterations in metabolic control and gene expression, the rate of aging has been connected with the generation of high amounts of Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS). The essential perspective in free radical biology is that reactive oxygen species (ROS) and free radicals are toxic, mostly cause direct biological damage to targets, and are thus a major cause of oxidative stress. Different enzymatic and non-enzymatic compounds in the cells have roles in neutralizing this toxicity. Oxidative damage in aging is mostly high in particular molecular targets, such as mitochondrial DNA and aconitase, and oxidative stress in mitochondria can cause tissue aging across intrinsic apoptosis. Mitochondria's function and morphology are impaired through aging, following a decrease in the membrane potential by an increase in peroxide generation and size of the organelles. Telomeres may be the significant trigger of replicative senescence. Oxidative stress accelerates telomere loss, whereas antioxidants slow it down. Oxidative stress is a crucial modulator of telomere shortening, and that telomere-driven replicative senescence is mainly a stress response. The age-linked mitochondrial DNA mutation and protein dysfunction aggregate in some organs like the brain and skeletal muscle, thus contributing considerably to these post-mitotic tissues' aging. The aging process is mostly due to accumulated damage done by harmful species in some macromolecules such proteins, DNA, and lipids. The degradation of non-functional, oxidized proteins is a crucial part of the antioxidant defenses of cells, in which the clearance of these proteins occurs through autophagy in the cells, which is known as mitophagy for mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aliabbas Zia
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Biochemistry and Biophysics (IBB), University of Tehran, Tehran. Iran
| | - Tahereh Farkhondeh
- Medical Toxicology and Drug Abuse Research Center (MTDRC), Birjand University of Medical Sciences, Birjand. Iran
| | | | - Saeed Samarghandian
- Noncommunicable Diseases Research Center, Neyshabur University of Medical Sciences, Neyshabur. Iran
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11
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Defective mitophagy in Alzheimer's disease. Ageing Res Rev 2020; 64:101191. [PMID: 33022416 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2020.101191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 42.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2020] [Revised: 08/25/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a progressive, mental illness without cure. Several years of intense research on postmortem AD brains, cell and mouse models of AD have revealed that multiple cellular changes are involved in the disease process, including mitochondrial abnormalities, synaptic damage, and glial/astrocytic activation, in addition to age-dependent accumulation of amyloid beta (Aβ) and hyperphosphorylated tau (p-tau). Synaptic damage and mitochondrial dysfunction are early cellular changes in the disease process. Healthy and functionally active mitochondria are essential for cellular functioning. Dysfunctional mitochondria play a central role in aging and AD. Mitophagy is a cellular process whereby damaged mitochondria are selectively removed from cell and mitochondrial quality and biogenesis. Mitophagy impairments cause the progressive accumulation of defective organelle and damaged mitochondria in cells. In AD, increased levels of Aβ and p-tau can induce reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, causing excessive fragmentation of mitochondria and promoting defective mitophagy. The current article discusses the latest developments of mitochondrial research and also highlights multiple types of mitophagy, including Aβ and p-tau-induced mitophagy, stress-induced mitophagy, receptor-mediated mitophagy, ubiquitin mediated mitophagy and basal mitophagy. This article also discusses the physiological states of mitochondria, including fission-fusion balance, Ca2+ transport, and mitochondrial transport in normal and diseased conditions. Our article summarizes current therapeutic interventions, like chemical or natural mitophagy enhancers, that influence mitophagy in AD. Our article discusses whether a partial reduction of Drp1 can be a mitophagy enhancer and a therapeutic target for mitophagy in AD and other neurological diseases.
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12
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Shen Q, Liu Y, Li H, Zhang L. Effect of mitophagy in oocytes and granulosa cells on oocyte quality†. Biol Reprod 2020; 104:294-304. [PMID: 33079172 DOI: 10.1093/biolre/ioaa194] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2020] [Revised: 09/10/2020] [Accepted: 10/20/2020] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitophagy is the process by which cells selectively remove supernumerary or damaged mitochondria through autophagy, and is crucial for mitochondrial homeostasis and cell survival. Mitochondria play vital roles in determining the developmental competence of oocytes. During the early stages of oogenesis, aberrant mitochondria can be removed by mitophagy. After oocyte formation, mitophagy is not actively initiated to clear damaged mitochondria despite the presence of mitophagy regulators in oocytes, which leads to the transmission of dysfunctional mitochondria from the oocyte to the embryo. However, granulosa cells around oocytes can improve mitochondrial function through mitophagy, thereby improving oocyte developmental capacity. Furthermore, this review discusses recent work on the substances and environmental conditions that affect mitophagy in oocytes and granulosa cells, thus providing new directions for improving oocyte quality during assisted reproductive technology treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiuzi Shen
- Institute of Reproductive Health and Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Yu Liu
- Institute of Reproductive Health and Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Honggang Li
- Institute of Reproductive Health and Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
| | - Ling Zhang
- Institute of Reproductive Health and Center for Reproductive Medicine, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, P. R. China
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13
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Andrianova NV, Zorova LD, Pevzner IB, Popkov VA, Chernikov VP, Silachev DN, Plotnikov EY, Zorov DB. Resemblance and differences in dietary restriction nephroprotective mechanisms in young and old rats. Aging (Albany NY) 2020; 12:18693-18715. [PMID: 32970613 PMCID: PMC7585108 DOI: 10.18632/aging.103960] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 07/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is the strategy ameliorating the morbidity of various pathologies, including age-associated diseases. Acute kidney injury (AKI) remains a problem for the elderly with DR being a promising approach for diminishing its consequences. We evaluated the possible nephroprotective potential of short-term DR in young and old rats. DR in young rats resulted in pronounced beneficial effects normalizing lipid metabolism (triglycerides concentration, adiponectin level) activating autophagic-lysosomal system evaluated by LC3II/LC3I ratio, LAMP1, p62/SQSTM1 levels, and LysoTracker Green staining. DR had a remarkable recovering effect on mitochondrial structure and functions including regaining of mitochondrial membrane potential, the elevation of SIRT-3, PGC-1α, Bcl-XL levels and partial restoration of ultrastructure. The beneficial effects of DR resulted in the mitigation of oxidative stress including a decrease in levels of protein carbonylation and lipid peroxidation. Aging led to decreased activity of autophagy, elevated oxidative stress and impaired kidney regenerative capacity. Eventually, in old rats, even 8-week DR was not able to ameliorate AKI, but it caused some rejuvenating effects including elevation of mitochondrial membrane potential and Bcl-XL levels, as well as lowered severity of the oxidative stress. Thus, the age-associated decline of protective signaling demands extended DR to achieve nephroprotective potential in old animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda V. Andrianova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia
| | - Ljubava D. Zorova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Irina B. Pevzner
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Vasily A. Popkov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | | | - Denis N. Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
| | - Egor Y. Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia,Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Institute of Molecular Medicine, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Dmitry B. Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119992, Russia,V.I. Kulakov National Medical Research Center of Obstetrics, Gynecology and Perinatology, Moscow 117997, Russia
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14
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Bornstein R, Gonzalez B, Johnson SC. Mitochondrial pathways in human health and aging. Mitochondrion 2020; 54:72-84. [PMID: 32738358 PMCID: PMC7508824 DOI: 10.1016/j.mito.2020.07.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2020] [Revised: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 07/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are eukaryotic organelles known best for their roles in energy production and metabolism. While often thought of as simply the 'powerhouse of the cell,' these organelles participate in a variety of critical cellular processes including reactive oxygen species (ROS) production, regulation of programmed cell death, modulation of inter- and intracellular nutrient signaling pathways, and maintenance of cellular proteostasis. Disrupted mitochondrial function is a hallmark of eukaryotic aging, and mitochondrial dysfunction has been reported to play a role in many aging-related diseases. While mitochondria are major players in human diseases, significant questions remain regarding their precise mechanistic role. In this review, we detail mechanisms by which mitochondrial dysfunction participate in disease and aging based on findings from model organisms and human genetics studies.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Brenda Gonzalez
- Department of Genetics, Albert Einstein College of Medicine, Bronx, NY, USA
| | - Simon C Johnson
- Department of Neurology, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Department of Anesthesiology and Pain Medicine, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, USA; Center for Integrative Brain Research, Seattle Children's Research Institute, Seattle, WA, USA.
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15
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Aplak E, von Montfort C, Haasler L, Stucki D, Steckel B, Reichert AS, Stahl W, Brenneisen P. CNP mediated selective toxicity on melanoma cells is accompanied by mitochondrial dysfunction. PLoS One 2020; 15:e0227926. [PMID: 31951630 PMCID: PMC6968876 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0227926] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 01/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerium (Ce) oxide nanoparticles (CNP; nanoceria) are reported to have cytotoxic effects on certain cancerous cell lines, while at the same concentration they show no cytotoxicity on normal (healthy) cells. Redox-active CNP exhibit both selective prooxidative as well as antioxidative properties. The former is proposed to be responsible for impairment of tumor growth and invasion and the latter for rescuing normal cells from reactive oxygen species (ROS)-induced damage. Here we address possible underlying mechanisms of prooxidative effects of CNP in a metastatic human melanoma cell line. Malignant melanoma is the most aggressive form of skin cancer, and once it becomes metastatic the prognosis is very poor. We have shown earlier that CNP selectively kill A375 melanoma cells by increasing intracellular ROS levels, whose basic amount is significantly higher than in the normal (healthy) counterpart, the melanocytes. Here we show that CNP initiate a mitochondrial increase of ROS levels accompanied by an increase in mitochondrial thiol oxidation. Furthermore, we observed CNP-induced changes in mitochondrial bioenergetics, dynamics, and cristae morphology demonstrating mitochondrial dysfunction which finally led to tumor cell death. CNP-induced cell death is abolished by administration of PEG-conjugated catalase. Overall, we propose that cerium oxide nanoparticles mediate cell death via hydrogen peroxide production linked to mitochondrial dysfunction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elif Aplak
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Claudia von Montfort
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
- * E-mail:
| | - Lisa Haasler
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - David Stucki
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Bodo Steckel
- Department of Molecular Cardiology, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S. Reichert
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Wilhelm Stahl
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Peter Brenneisen
- Institute of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology I, Medical Faculty, Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Düsseldorf, Germany
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16
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Pronsato L, Milanesi L, Vasconsuelo A. Testosterone induces up-regulation of mitochondrial gene expression in murine C2C12 skeletal muscle cells accompanied by an increase of nuclear respiratory factor-1 and its downstream effectors. Mol Cell Endocrinol 2020; 500:110631. [PMID: 31676390 DOI: 10.1016/j.mce.2019.110631] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2019] [Revised: 10/25/2019] [Accepted: 10/25/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
The reduction in muscle mass and strength with age, sarcopenia, is a prevalent condition among the elderly, linked to skeletal muscle dysfunction and cell apoptosis. We demonstrated that testosterone protects against H2O2-induced apoptosis in C2C12 muscle cells. Here, we analyzed the effect of testosterone on mitochondrial gene expression in C2C12 skeletal muscle cells. We found that testosterone increases mRNA expression of genes encoded by mitochondrial DNA, such as NADPH dehydrogenase subunit 1 (ND1), subunit 4 (ND4), cytochrome b (CytB), cytochrome c oxidase subunit 1 (Cox1) and subunit 2 (Cox2) in C2C12. Additionally, the hormone induced the expression of the nuclear respiratory factors 1 and 2 (Nrf-1 and Nrf-2), the mitochondrial transcription factors A (Tfam) and B2 (TFB2M), and the optic atrophy 1 (OPA1). The simultaneous treatment with testosterone and the androgen receptor antagonist, Flutamide, reduced these effects. H2O2-oxidative stress induced treatment, significantly decreased mitochondrial gene expression. Computational analysis revealed that mitochondrial DNA contains specific sequences, which the androgen receptor could recognize and bind, probably taking place a direct regulation of mitochondrial transcription by the receptor. These findings indicate that androgen plays an important role in the regulation of mitochondrial transcription and biogenesis in skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lucía Pronsato
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Lorena Milanesi
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina.
| | - Andrea Vasconsuelo
- Instituto de Investigaciones Biológicas y Biomédicas del Sur (INBIOSUR-CONICET), 8000, Bahía Blanca, Argentina
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17
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Drug-Induced Mitochondrial Toxicity in the Geriatric Population: Challenges and Future Directions. BIOLOGY 2019; 8:biology8020032. [PMID: 31083551 PMCID: PMC6628177 DOI: 10.3390/biology8020032] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2018] [Revised: 02/04/2019] [Accepted: 02/12/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial function declines with age, leading to a variety of age-related diseases (metabolic, central nervous system-related, cancer, etc.) and medication usage increases with age due to the increase in diseases. Drug-induced mitochondrial toxicity has been described for many different drug classes and can lead to liver, muscle, kidney and central nervous system injury and, in rare cases, to death. Many of the most prescribed medications in the geriatric population carry mitochondrial liabilities. We have demonstrated that, over the past decade, each class of drugs that demonstrated mitochondrial toxicity contained drugs with both more and less adverse effects on mitochondria. As patient treatment is often essential, we suggest using medication(s) with the best safety profile and the avoidance of concurrent usage of multiple medications that carry mitochondrial liabilities. In addition, we also recommend lifestyle changes to further improve one’s mitochondrial function, such as weight loss, exercise and nutrition.
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18
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Kam A, Loo S, Dutta B, Sze SK, Tam JP. Plant-derived mitochondria-targeting cysteine-rich peptide modulates cellular bioenergetics. J Biol Chem 2019; 294:4000-4011. [PMID: 30674551 PMCID: PMC6422099 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra118.006693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2018] [Revised: 01/07/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria are attractive therapeutic targets for developing agents to delay age-related frailty and diseases. However, few promising leads have been identified from natural products. Previously, we identified roseltide rT1, a hyperstable 27-residue cysteine-rich peptide from Hibiscus sabdariffa, as a knottin-type neutrophil elastase inhibitor. Here, we show that roseltide rT1 is also a cell-penetrating, mitochondria-targeting peptide that increases ATP production. Results from flow cytometry, live-cell imaging, pulldown assays, and genetically-modified cell lines supported that roseltide rT1 enters cells via glycosaminoglycan-dependent endocytosis, and enters the mitochondria through TOM20, a mitochondrial protein import receptor. We further showed that roseltide rT1 increases cellular ATP production via mitochondrial membrane hyperpolarization. Using biotinylated roseltide rT1 for target identification and proteomic analysis, we showed that human mitochondrial membrane ATP synthase subunit O is an intramitochondrial target. Collectively, these data support our discovery that roseltide rT1 is a first-in-class mitochondria-targeting, cysteine-rich peptide with potentials to be developed into tools to further our understanding of mitochrondria-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antony Kam
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Shining Loo
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Bamaprasad Dutta
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - Siu Kwan Sze
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
| | - James P Tam
- From the School of Biological Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, 637551 Singapore
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19
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Han B, Lin CCJ, Hu G, Wang MC. 'Inside Out'- a dialogue between mitochondria and bacteria. FEBS J 2018; 286:630-641. [PMID: 30390412 DOI: 10.1111/febs.14692] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2018] [Revised: 10/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/02/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria play crucial roles in regulating metabolism and longevity. A body of recent evidences reveals that the gut microbiome can also exert significant effects on these activities in the host. Here, by summarizing the currently known mechanisms underlying these regulations, and by comparing mitochondrial fission-fusion dynamics with bacterial interactions such as quorum sensing, we hypothesize that the microbiome impacts the host by communicating with their intracellular relatives, mitochondria. We highlight recent discoveries supporting this model, and these new findings reveal that metabolite molecules derived from bacteria can fine-tune mitochondrial dynamics in intestinal cells and hence influence host metabolic fitness and longevity. This perspective mode of chemical communication between bacteria and mitochondria may help us understand complex and dynamic environment-microbiome-host interactions regarding their vital impacts on health and diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bing Han
- Children's Hospital, Fudan University, Minhang, Shanghai, China.,Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Chih-Chun Janet Lin
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Cornell University, Ithaca, NY, USA
| | - Guo Hu
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA
| | - Meng C Wang
- Huffington Center on Aging, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Department of Molecular and Human Genetics, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, TX, USA.,Howard Hughes Medical Institute, Houston, TX, USA
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20
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Andrianova NV, Jankauskas SS, Zorova LD, Pevzner IB, Popkov VA, Silachev DN, Plotnikov EY, Zorov DB. Mechanisms of Age-Dependent Loss of Dietary Restriction Protective Effects in Acute Kidney Injury. Cells 2018; 7:cells7100178. [PMID: 30360430 PMCID: PMC6209903 DOI: 10.3390/cells7100178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 10/19/2018] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Dietary restriction (DR) is one of the most efficient approaches ameliorating the severity of different pathological conditions including aging. We investigated the protective potential of short-term DR in the model of acute kidney injury (AKI) in young and old rats. In kidney tissue, the levels of autophagy and mitophagy were examined, and proliferative properties of renal cells obtained from rats of different age were compared. DR afforded a significant nephroprotection to ischemic kidneys of young rats. However, in old rats, DR did not provide such beneficial effect. On the assessment of the autophagy marker, the LC3 II/LC3 I ratio, and after staining the tissue with LysoTracker Green, we concluded that in old rats activity of the autophagic-lysosomal system decreased. Mitophagy, as assessed by the levels of PINK-1, was also deteriorated in old animals. Renal cells from old rats showed impaired proliferative capacity, a worse rate of recovery after ischemic injury, increased levels of oxidative stress, accumulation of lipofuscin granules and lower mitochondria membrane potential. The results suggest that the loss of DR benefits in old animals could be due to deterioration in the autophagy/mitophagy flux.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezda V Andrianova
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Stanislovas S Jankauskas
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Ljubava D Zorova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Irina B Pevzner
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Vasily A Popkov
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Denis N Silachev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Egor Y Plotnikov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
| | - Dmitry B Zorov
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119992 Moscow, Russia.
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21
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Hara T, Kin A, Aoki S, Nakamura S, Shirasuna K, Kuwayama T, Iwata H. Resveratrol enhances the clearance of mitochondrial damage by vitrification and improves the development of vitrified-warmed bovine embryos. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0204571. [PMID: 30335749 PMCID: PMC6193637 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0204571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2018] [Accepted: 09/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/02/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study investigated the vitrification-induced deterioration of mitochondrial functions that may reduce the developmental ability of post-warming bovine embryos. In addition, the effect of supplementation of the culture medium with resveratrol on the mitochondrial functions and post-warming embryonic development was examined. Two days after in vitro fertilization, embryos with 8–12 cells (referred to hereafter as 8-cell embryos) were vitrified and warmed, followed by in vitro incubation for 5 days in a culture medium containing either the vehicle or 0.5 μM resveratrol. Vitrification reduced embryonic development until the blastocyst stage, reduced the ATP content of embryos, and impaired the mitochondrial genome integrity, as determined by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Although the total cell number and mitochondrial DNA copy number (Mt-number) of blastocysts were low in the vitrified embryos, the Mt-number per blastomere was similar among the blastocysts derived from fresh (non-vitrified) and vitrified-warmed embryos. Supplementation of the culture medium with resveratrol enhanced the post-warming embryonic development and reduced the Mt-number and reactive oxygen species level in blastocysts and blastomeres without affecting the ATP content. An increase in the content of cell-free mitochondrial DNA in the spent culture medium was observed following cultivation of embryos with resveratrol. These results suggested that vitrification induces mitochondrial damages and that resveratrol may enhance the development of post-warming embryos and activates the degeneration of damaged mitochondria, as indicated by the increase in the cell-free mitochondrial DNA content in the spent culture medium and the decrease in the Mt-number of blastocysts and blastomeres.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tomotaka Hara
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Airi Kin
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Sogo Aoki
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Shinsuke Nakamura
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Koumei Shirasuna
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Takehito Kuwayama
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
| | - Hisataka Iwata
- Department of Animal Science, Tokyo University of Agriculture, Atsugi, Kanagawa, Japan
- * E-mail:
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22
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López-Lluch G, Hernández-Camacho JD, Fernández-Ayala DJM, Navas P. Mitochondrial dysfunction in metabolism and ageing: shared mechanisms and outcomes? Biogerontology 2018; 19:461-480. [PMID: 30143941 DOI: 10.1007/s10522-018-9768-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2018] [Accepted: 08/21/2018] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondria are key in the metabolism of aerobic organisms and in ageing progression and age-related diseases. Mitochondria are essential for obtaining ATP from glucose and fatty acids but also in many other essential functions in cells including aminoacids metabolism, pyridine synthesis, phospholipid modifications and calcium regulation. On the other hand, the activity of mitochondria is also the principal source of reactive oxygen species in cells. Ageing and chronic age-related diseases are associated with the deregulation of cell metabolism and dysfunction of mitochondria. Cell metabolism is controlled by three major nutritional sensors: mTOR, AMPK and Sirtuins. These factors control mitochondrial biogenesis and dynamics by regulating fusion, fission and turnover through mito- and autophagy. A complex interaction between the activity of these nutritional sensors, mitochondrial biogenesis rate and dynamics exists and affect ageing, age-related diseases including metabolic disease. Further, mitochondria maintain a constant communication with nucleus modulating gene expression and modifying epigenetics. In this review we highlight the importance of mitochondria in ageing and the repercussion in the progression of age-related diseases and metabolic disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Lluch
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain.
| | - Juan Diego Hernández-Camacho
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Daniel J Moreno Fernández-Ayala
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Seville, Spain
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23
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Lang A, Anand R, Altinoluk-Hambüchen S, Ezzahoini H, Stefanski A, Iram A, Bergmann L, Urbach J, Böhler P, Hänsel J, Franke M, Stühler K, Krutmann J, Scheller J, Stork B, Reichert AS, Piekorz RP. SIRT4 interacts with OPA1 and regulates mitochondrial quality control and mitophagy. Aging (Albany NY) 2018; 9:2163-2189. [PMID: 29081403 PMCID: PMC5680561 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101307] [Citation(s) in RCA: 98] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2017] [Accepted: 10/15/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The stress-responsive mitochondrial sirtuin SIRT4 controls cellular energy metabolism in a NAD+-dependent manner and is implicated in cellular senescence and aging. Here we reveal a novel function of SIRT4 in mitochondrial morphology/quality control and regulation of mitophagy. We report that moderate overexpression of SIRT4, but not its enzymatically inactive mutant H161Y, sensitized cells to mitochondrial stress. CCCP-triggered dissipation of the mitochondrial membrane potential resulted in increased mitochondrial ROS levels and autophagic flux, but surprisingly led to increased mitochondrial mass and decreased Parkin-regulated mitophagy. The anti-respiratory effect of elevated SIRT4 was accompanied by increased levels of the inner-membrane bound long form of the GTPase OPA1 (L-OPA1) that promotes mitochondrial fusion and thereby counteracts fission and mitophagy. Consistent with this, upregulation of endogenous SIRT4 expression in fibroblast models of senescence either by transfection with miR-15b inhibitors or by ionizing radiation increased L-OPA1 levels and mitochondrial fusion in a SIRT4-dependent manner. We further demonstrate that SIRT4 interacts physically with OPA1 in co-immunoprecipitation experiments. Overall, we propose that the SIRT4-OPA1 axis is causally linked to mitochondrial dysfunction and altered mitochondrial dynamics that translates into aging-associated decreased mitophagy based on an unbalanced mitochondrial fusion/fission cycle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Lang
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Ruchika Anand
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie I, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Simone Altinoluk-Hambüchen
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Hakima Ezzahoini
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Anja Stefanski
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (BMFZ), Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Afshin Iram
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Laura Bergmann
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jennifer Urbach
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie I, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Philip Böhler
- Institut für Molekulare Medizin I, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jan Hänsel
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Manuel Franke
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Kai Stühler
- Molecular Proteomics Laboratory (BMFZ), Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jean Krutmann
- IUF - Leibniz Institut für Umweltmedizinische Forschung, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Jürgen Scheller
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Björn Stork
- Institut für Molekulare Medizin I, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Andreas S Reichert
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie I, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Roland P Piekorz
- Institut für Biochemie und Molekularbiologie II, Medizinische Fakultät der Heinrich-Heine-Universität, Düsseldorf, Germany
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24
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Tyler JK, Johnson JE. The role of autophagy in the regulation of yeast life span. Ann N Y Acad Sci 2018; 1418:31-43. [PMID: 29363766 DOI: 10.1111/nyas.13549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/15/2017] [Revised: 10/13/2017] [Accepted: 10/18/2017] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
Abstract
The goal of the aging field is to develop novel therapeutic interventions that extend human health span and reduce the burden of age-related disease. While organismal aging is a complex, multifactorial process, a popular theory is that cellular aging is a significant contributor to the progressive decline inherent to all multicellular organisms. To explore the molecular determinants that drive cellular aging, as well as how to retard them, researchers have utilized the highly genetically tractable budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Indeed, every intervention known to extend both cellular and organismal health span was identified in yeast, underlining the power of this approach. Importantly, a growing body of work has implicated the process of autophagy as playing a critical role in the delay of aging. This review summarizes recent reports that have identified a role for autophagy, or autophagy factors in the extension of yeast life span. These studies demonstrate (1) that yeast remains an invaluable tool for the identification and characterization of conserved mechanisms that promote cellular longevity and are likely to be relevant to humans, and (2) that the process of autophagy has been implicated in nearly all known longevity-promoting manipulations and thus represents an ideal target for interventions aimed at improving human health span.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jessica K Tyler
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, Weill Cornell Medicine, New York, New York
| | - Jay E Johnson
- Department of Biology, Orentreich Foundation for the Advancement of Science, Cold Spring, New York
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Picca A, Pesce V, Lezza AMS. Does eating less make you live longer and better? An update on calorie restriction. Clin Interv Aging 2017; 12:1887-1902. [PMID: 29184395 PMCID: PMC5685139 DOI: 10.2147/cia.s126458] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The complexity of aging is hard to be captured. However, apart from its tissue-specific features, a structural and functional progressive decline of the whole organism that leads to death, often preceded by a phase of chronic morbidity, characterizes the common process of aging. Therefore, the research goal of scientists in the field moved from the search for strategies able to extend longevity to those ensuring healthy aging associated with a longer lifespan referred to as “healthspan”. The aging process is plastic and can be tuned by multiple mechanisms including dietary and genetic interventions. To date, the most robust approach, efficient in warding off the cellular markers of aging, is calorie restriction (CR). Here, after a preliminary presentation of the major debate originated by CR, we concisely overviewed the recent results of CR treatment on humans. We also provided an update on the molecular mechanisms involved by CR and the effects on some of the age-associated cellular markers. We finally reviewed a number of tested CR mimetics and concluded with an evaluation of future applications of such dietary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Picca
- Department of Geriatrics, Neuroscience and Orthopedics, Catholic University of the Sacred Heart School of Medicine, Rome
| | - Vito Pesce
- Department of Biosciences, Biotechnologies and Biopharmaceutics, University of Bari, Bari, Italy
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Voluntary aerobic exercise increases arterial resilience and mitochondrial health with aging in mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2017; 8:2897-2914. [PMID: 27875805 PMCID: PMC5191877 DOI: 10.18632/aging.101099] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 11/03/2016] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Mitochondrial dysregulation and associated excessive reactive oxygen species (mtROS) production is a key source of oxidative stress in aging arteries that reduces baseline function and may influence resilience (ability to withstand stress). We hypothesized that voluntary aerobic exercise would increase arterial resilience in old mice. An acute mitochondrial stressor (rotenone) caused greater (further) impairment in peak carotid EDD in old (~27 mo., OC, n=12; -32.5±-10.5%) versus young (~7 mo., YC n=11; -5.4±- 3.7%) control male mice, whereas arteries from young and old exercising (YVR n=10 and OVR n=11, 10-wk voluntary running; -0.8±-2.1% and -8.0±4.9%, respectively) mice were protected. Ex-vivo simulated Western diet (WD, high glucose and palmitate) caused greater impairment in EDD in OC (-28.5±8.6%) versus YC (-16.9±5.2%) and YVR (-15.3±2.3%), whereas OVR (-8.9±3.9%) were more resilient (not different versus YC). Simultaneous ex-vivo treatment with mitochondria-specific antioxidant MitoQ attenuated WD-induced impairments in YC and OC, but not YVR or OVR, suggesting that exercise improved resilience to mtROS-mediated stress. Exercise normalized age-related alterations in aortic mitochondrial protein markers PGC-1α, SIRT-3 and Fis1 and augmented cellular antioxidant and stress response proteins. Our results indicate that arterial aging is accompanied by reduced resilience and mitochondrial health, which are restored by voluntary aerobic exercise.
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Liße D, Monzel C, Vicario C, Manzi J, Maurin I, Coppey M, Piehler J, Dahan M. Engineered Ferritin for Magnetogenetic Manipulation of Proteins and Organelles Inside Living Cells. ADVANCED MATERIALS (DEERFIELD BEACH, FLA.) 2017; 29:1700189. [PMID: 28960485 DOI: 10.1002/adma.201700189] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/10/2017] [Revised: 05/11/2017] [Indexed: 05/20/2023]
Abstract
Magnetogenetics is emerging as a novel approach for remote-controlled manipulation of cellular functions in tissues and organisms with high spatial and temporal resolution. A critical, still challenging issue for these techniques is to conjugate target proteins with magnetic probes that can satisfy multiple colloidal and biofunctional constraints. Here, semisynthetic magnetic nanoparticles are tailored based on human ferritin coupled to monomeric enhanced green fluorescent protein (mEGFP) for magnetic manipulation of proteins inside living cells. This study demonstrates efficient delivery, intracellular stealth properties, and rapid subcellular targeting of those magnetic nanoparticles via GFP-nanobody interactions. By means of magnetic field gradients, rapid spatial reorganization in the cytosol of proteins captured to the nanoparticle surface is achieved. Moreover, exploiting efficient nanoparticle targeting to intracellular membranes, remote-controlled arrest of mitochondrial dynamics using magnetic fields is demonstrated. The studies establish subcellular control of proteins and organelles with unprecedented spatial and temporal resolution, thus opening new prospects for magnetogenetic applications in fundamental cell biology and nanomedicine.
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Affiliation(s)
- Domenik Liße
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, Paris-Science Lettres, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 75005, Paris, France
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Division of Biophysics, University of Osnabrück, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Cornelia Monzel
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, Paris-Science Lettres, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Chiara Vicario
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, Paris-Science Lettres, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 75005, Paris, France
| | - John Manzi
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, Paris-Science Lettres, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Isabelle Maurin
- Laboratoire de Physique de la Matière Condensée, École Polytechnique, 91128, Palaiseau, France
| | - Mathieu Coppey
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, Paris-Science Lettres, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 75005, Paris, France
| | - Jacob Piehler
- Department of Biology/Chemistry, Division of Biophysics, University of Osnabrück, 49076, Osnabrück, Germany
| | - Maxime Dahan
- Laboratoire Physico-Chimie, Institut Curie, CNRS UMR168, Paris-Science Lettres, Universite Pierre et Marie Curie-Paris 6, 75005, Paris, France
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Dahlmans D, Houzelle A, Andreux P, Jörgensen JA, Wang X, de Windt LJ, Schrauwen P, Auwerx J, Hoeks J. An unbiased silencing screen in muscle cells identifies miR-320a, miR-150, miR-196b, and miR-34c as regulators of skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism. Mol Metab 2017; 6:1429-1442. [PMID: 29107290 PMCID: PMC5681243 DOI: 10.1016/j.molmet.2017.08.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2017] [Revised: 08/13/2017] [Accepted: 08/21/2017] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVE Strategies improving skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity are commonly paralleled by improvements in (metabolic) health. We and others previously identified microRNAs regulating mitochondrial oxidative capacity, but data in skeletal muscle are limited. Therefore, the present study aimed to identify novel microRNAs regulating skeletal muscle mitochondrial metabolism. METHODS AND RESULTS We conducted an unbiased, hypothesis-free microRNA silencing screen in C2C12 myoblasts, using >700 specific microRNA inhibitors, and investigated a broad panel of mitochondrial markers. After subsequent validation in differentiated C2C12 myotubes, and exclusion of microRNAs without a human homologue or with an adverse effect on mitochondrial metabolism, 19 candidate microRNAs remained. Human clinical relevance of these microRNAs was investigated by measuring their expression in human skeletal muscle of subject groups displaying large variation in skeletal muscle mitochondrial capacity. CONCLUSION The results show that that microRNA-320a, microRNA-196b-3p, microRNA-150-5p, and microRNA-34c-3p are tightly related to in vivo skeletal muscle mitochondrial function in humans and identify these microRNAs as targets for improving mitochondrial metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dennis Dahlmans
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200MD, The Netherlands
| | - Alexandre Houzelle
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200MD, The Netherlands
| | - Pénélope Andreux
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Johanna A Jörgensen
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200MD, The Netherlands
| | - Xu Wang
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Leon J de Windt
- Department of Cardiology, CARIM School for Cardiovascular Diseases, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200MD, The Netherlands
| | - Patrick Schrauwen
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200MD, The Netherlands
| | - Johan Auwerx
- Laboratory of Integrative Systems Physiology, École polytechnique fédérale de Lausanne, Lausanne, CH-1015, Switzerland
| | - Joris Hoeks
- Department of Human Biology and Human Movement Sciences, NUTRIM School of Nutrition and Translational Research in Metabolism, Maastricht University, Maastricht, 6200MD, The Netherlands.
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Dolinsky VW. The role of sirtuins in mitochondrial function and doxorubicin-induced cardiac dysfunction. Biol Chem 2017; 398:955-974. [PMID: 28253192 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2016-0316] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/21/2016] [Accepted: 02/11/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Anthracycline chemotherapeutics such as doxorubicin continue to be important treatments for many cancers. Through improved screening and therapy, more patients are surviving and living longer after the diagnosis of their cancer. However, anthracyclines are associated with both short- and long-term cardiotoxic effects. Doxorubicin-induced mitochondrial dysfunction is a central mechanism in the cardiotoxic effects of doxorubicin that contributes to impaired cardiac energy levels, increased reactive oxygen species production, cardiomyocyte apoptosis and the decline in cardiac function. Sirtuins are protein deacetylases that are activated by low energy levels and stimulate energy production through their activation of transcription factors and enzymatic regulators of cardiac energy metabolism. In addition, sirtuins activate oxidative stress resistance pathways. SIRT1 and SIRT3 are expressed at high levels in the cardiomyocyte. This review examines the function of sirtuins in the regulation of cardiac mitochondrial function, with a focus on their role in heart failure and an emphasis on their effects on doxorubicin-induced cardiotoxicity. We discuss the potential for sirtuin activation in combination with anthracycline chemotherapy in order to mitigate its cardiotoxic side-effects without reducing the antineoplastic activity of anthracyclines.
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Understanding the Role of Non-Coding RNAs in Bladder Cancer: From Dark Matter to Valuable Therapeutic Targets. Int J Mol Sci 2017; 18:ijms18071514. [PMID: 28703782 PMCID: PMC5536004 DOI: 10.3390/ijms18071514] [Citation(s) in RCA: 46] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The mortality and morbidity that characterize bladder cancer compel this malignancy into the category of hot topics in terms of biomolecular research. Therefore, a better knowledge of the specific molecular mechanisms that underlie the development and progression of bladder cancer is demanded. Tumor heterogeneity among patients with similar diagnosis, as well as intratumor heterogeneity, generates difficulties in terms of targeted therapy. Furthermore, late diagnosis represents an ongoing issue, significantly reducing the response to therapy and, inevitably, the overall survival. The role of non-coding RNAs in bladder cancer emerged in the last decade, revealing that microRNAs (miRNAs) may act as tumor suppressor genes, respectively oncogenes, but also as biomarkers for early diagnosis. Regarding other types of non-coding RNAs, especially long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) which are extensively reviewed in this article, their exact roles in tumorigenesis are—for the time being—not as evident as in the case of miRNAs, but, still, clearly suggested. Therefore, this review covers the non-coding RNA expression profile of bladder cancer patients and their validated target genes in bladder cancer cell lines, with repercussions on processes such as proliferation, invasiveness, apoptosis, cell cycle arrest, and other molecular pathways which are specific for the malignant transformation of cells.
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31
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Mitochondrial DNA Hypomethylation Is a Biomarker Associated with Induced Senescence in Human Fetal Heart Mesenchymal Stem Cells. Stem Cells Int 2017; 2017:1764549. [PMID: 28484495 PMCID: PMC5397648 DOI: 10.1155/2017/1764549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2016] [Revised: 01/05/2017] [Accepted: 01/16/2017] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background. Fetal heart can regenerate to restore its normal anatomy and function in response to injury, but this regenerative capacity is lost within the first week of postnatal life. Although the specific molecular mechanisms remain to be defined, it is presumed that aging of cardiac stem or progenitor cells may contribute to the loss of regenerative potential. Methods. To study this aging-related dysfunction, we cultured mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) from human fetal heart tissues. Senescence was induced by exposing cells to chronic oxidative stress/low serum. Mitochondrial DNA methylation was examined during the period of senescence. Results. Senescent MSCs exhibited flattened and enlarged morphology and were positive for the senescence-associated beta-galactosidase (SA-β-Gal). By scanning the entire mitochondrial genome, we found that four CpG islands were hypomethylated in close association with senescence in MSCs. The mitochondrial COX1 gene, which encodes the main subunit of the cytochrome c oxidase complex and contains the differentially methylated CpG island 4, was upregulated in MSCs in parallel with the onset of senescence. Knockdown of DNA methyltransferases (DNMT1, DNMT3a, and DNMT3B) also upregulated COX1 expression and induced cellular senescence in MSCs. Conclusions. This study demonstrates that mitochondrial CpG hypomethylation may serve as a critical biomarker associated with cellular senescence induced by chronic oxidative stress.
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Tepp K, Puurand M, Timohhina N, Adamson J, Klepinin A, Truu L, Shevchuk I, Chekulayev V, Kaambre T. Changes in the mitochondrial function and in the efficiency of energy transfer pathways during cardiomyocyte aging. Mol Cell Biochem 2017; 432:141-158. [PMID: 28293876 DOI: 10.1007/s11010-017-3005-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2016] [Accepted: 03/04/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
The role of mitochondria in alterations that take place in the muscle cell during healthy aging is a matter of debate during recent years. Most of the studies in bioenergetics have a focus on the model of isolated mitochondria, while changes in the crosstalk between working myofibrils and mitochondria in senescent cardiomyocytes have been less studied. The aim of our research was to investigate the modifications in the highly regulated ATP production and energy transfer systems in heart cells in old rat cardiomyocytes. The results of our work demonstrated alterations in the diffusion restrictions of energy metabolites, manifested by changes in the apparent Michaelis-Menten constant of mitochondria to exogenous ADP. The creatine kinase (CK) phosphotransfer pathway efficiency declines significantly in senescence. The ability of creatine to stimulate OXPHOS as well as to increase the affinity of mitochondria for ADP is falling and the most critical decline is already in the 1-year group (middle-age model in rats). Also, a moderate decrease in the adenylate kinase phosphotransfer system was detected. The importance of glycolysis increases in senescence, while the hexokinase activity does not change during healthy aging. The main result of our study is that the decline in the heart muscle performance is not caused by the changes in the respiratory chain complexes activity but mainly by the decrease in the energy transfer efficiency, especially by the CK pathway.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kersti Tepp
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Marju Puurand
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Natalja Timohhina
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Jasper Adamson
- Laboratory of Chemical Physics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Aleksandr Klepinin
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Laura Truu
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Igor Shevchuk
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vladimir Chekulayev
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tuuli Kaambre
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618, Tallinn, Estonia.,School of Natural Sciences and Health, Tallinn University, Tallinn, Estonia
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López-Lluch G. Mitochondrial activity and dynamics changes regarding metabolism in ageing and obesity. Mech Ageing Dev 2017; 162:108-121. [DOI: 10.1016/j.mad.2016.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/05/2016] [Revised: 10/24/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Fisicaro P, Barili V, Montanini B, Acerbi G, Ferracin M, Guerrieri F, Salerno D, Boni C, Massari M, Cavallo MC, Grossi G, Giuberti T, Lampertico P, Missale G, Levrero M, Ottonello S, Ferrari C. Targeting mitochondrial dysfunction can restore antiviral activity of exhausted HBV-specific CD8 T cells in chronic hepatitis B. Nat Med 2017; 23:327-336. [DOI: 10.1038/nm.4275] [Citation(s) in RCA: 185] [Impact Index Per Article: 26.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 01/04/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
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Luo L, Dai JR, Guo SS, Lu AM, Gao XF, Gu YR, Zhang XF, Xu HD, Wang Y, Zhu Z, Wood LJ, Qin ZH. Lysosomal Proteolysis Is Associated With Exercise-Induced Improvement of Mitochondrial Quality Control in Aged Hippocampus. J Gerontol A Biol Sci Med Sci 2017; 72:1342-1351. [DOI: 10.1093/gerona/glw242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2016] [Accepted: 11/02/2016] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Li Luo
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science and
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, China
| | - Jia-Ru Dai
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science and
| | | | - A-Ming Lu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science and
| | | | - Yan-Rong Gu
- School of Physical Education and Sports Science and
| | | | - Hai-Dong Xu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, China
| | - Yan Wang
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, China
| | - Zhou Zhu
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, China
| | - Lisa J Wood
- School of Nursing, Massachusetts General Hospital Institute of Health Professions, Boston, Massachusetts
| | - Zheng-Hong Qin
- Department of Pharmacology and Laboratory of Aging and Nervous Diseases (SZS0703), Jiangsu Key Laboratory of Translational Research and Therapy for Neuro-Psycho-Diseases, College of Pharmaceutical Science, Soochow University, China
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Carmona-Gutierrez D, Hughes AL, Madeo F, Ruckenstuhl C. The crucial impact of lysosomes in aging and longevity. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 32:2-12. [PMID: 27125853 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.04.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 159] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2015] [Revised: 03/26/2016] [Accepted: 04/23/2016] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
Lysosomes are the main catabolic organelles of a cell and play a pivotal role in a plethora of cellular processes, including responses to nutrient availability and composition, stress resistance, programmed cell death, plasma membrane repair, development, and cell differentiation. In line with this pleiotropic importance for cellular and organismal life and death, lysosomal dysfunction is associated with many age-related pathologies like Parkinson's and Alzheimer's disease, as well as with a decline in lifespan. Conversely, targeting lysosomal functional capacity is emerging as a means to promote longevity. Here, we analyze the current knowledge on the prominent influence of lysosomes on aging-related processes, such as their executory and regulatory roles during general and selective macroautophagy, or their storage capacity for amino acids and ions. In addition, we review and discuss the roles of lysosomes as active players in the mechanisms underlying known lifespan-extending interventions like, for example, spermidine or rapamycin administration. In conclusion, this review aims at critically examining the nature and pliability of the different layers, in which lysosomes are involved as a control hub for aging and longevity.
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Ntsapi C, Loos B. Caloric restriction and the precision-control of autophagy: A strategy for delaying neurodegenerative disease progression. Exp Gerontol 2016; 83:97-111. [DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2016.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2016] [Revised: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 07/25/2016] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Tepp K, Timohhina N, Puurand M, Klepinin A, Chekulayev V, Shevchuk I, Kaambre T. Bioenergetics of the aging heart and skeletal muscles: Modern concepts and controversies. Ageing Res Rev 2016; 28:1-14. [PMID: 27063513 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2016.04.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2015] [Revised: 04/01/2016] [Accepted: 04/04/2016] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Age-related alterations in the bioenergetics of the heart and oxidative skeletal muscle tissues are of crucial influence on their performance. Until now the prevailing concept of aging was the mitochondrial theory, the increased production of reactive oxygen species, mediated by deficiency in the activity of respiratory chain complexes. However, studies with mitochondria in situ have presented results which, to some extent, disagree with previous ones, indicating that the mitochondrial theory of aging may be overestimated. The studies reporting age-related decline in mitochondrial function were performed using mainly isolated mitochondria. Measurements on this level are not able to take into account the system level properties. The relevant information can be obtained only from appropriate studies using cells or tissue fibers. The functional interactions between the components of Intracellular Energetic Unit (ICEU) regulate the energy production and consumption in oxidative muscle cells. The alterations of these interactions in ICEU should be studied in order to find a more effective protocol to decelerate the age-related changes taking place in the energy metabolism. In this article, an overview is given of the present theories and controversies of causes of age-related alterations in bioenergetics. Also, branches of study, which need more emphasis, are indicated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kersti Tepp
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia.
| | - Natalja Timohhina
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Marju Puurand
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Aleksandr Klepinin
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Vladimir Chekulayev
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Igor Shevchuk
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia
| | - Tuuli Kaambre
- Laboratory of Bioenergetics, National Institute of Chemical Physics and Biophysics, Akadeemia tee 23, 12618 Tallinn, Estonia; Faculty of Science, Tallinn University, Narva mnt. 25, 10120, Estonia
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López-Lluch G, Navas P. Calorie restriction as an intervention in ageing. J Physiol 2016; 594:2043-60. [PMID: 26607973 PMCID: PMC4834802 DOI: 10.1113/jp270543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 170] [Impact Index Per Article: 21.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Accepted: 11/21/2015] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Ageing causes loss of function in tissues and organs, is accompanied by a chronic inflammatory process and affects life- and healthspan. Calorie restriction (CR) is a non-genetic intervention that prevents age-associated diseases and extends longevity in most of the animal models studied so far. CR produces a pleiotropic effect and improves multiple metabolic pathways, generating benefits to the whole organism. Among the effects of CR, modulation of mitochondrial activity and a decrease in oxidative damage are two of the hallmarks. Oxidative damage is reduced by the induction of endogenous antioxidant systems and modulation of the peroxidability index in cell membranes. Mitochondrial activity changes are regulated by inhibition of IGF-1 and Target of Rapamycin (TOR)-dependent activities and activation of AMP-dependent kinase (AMPK) and the sirtuin family of proteins. The activity of PGC-1α and FoxO is regulated by these systems and is involved in mitochondria biogenesis, oxidative metabolism activity and mitochondrial turnover. The use of mimetics and the regulation of common factors have demonstrated that these molecular pathways are essential to explain the effect of CR in the organism. Finally, the anti-inflammatory effect of CR is an interesting emerging factor to be taken into consideration. In the present revision we focus on the general effect of CR and other mimetics in longevity, focusing especially on the cardiovascular system and skeletal muscle.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guillermo López-Lluch
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
| | - Plácido Navas
- Universidad Pablo de Olavide, Centro Andaluz de Biología del Desarrollo, CABD-CSIC, CIBERER, Instituto de Salud Carlos III, Carretera de Utrera km. 1, 41013, Sevilla, Spain
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He X, Duan Y, Yao K, Li F, Hou Y, Wu G, Yin Y. β-Hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate, mitochondrial biogenesis, and skeletal muscle health. Amino Acids 2015; 48:653-664. [PMID: 26573541 DOI: 10.1007/s00726-015-2126-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2015] [Accepted: 11/02/2015] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
The metabolic roles of mitochondria go far beyond serving exclusively as the major producer of ATP in tissues and cells. Evidence has shown that mitochondria may function as a key regulator of skeletal muscle fiber types and overall well-being. Maintaining skeletal muscle mitochondrial content and function is important for sustaining health throughout the lifespan. Of great importance, β-hydroxy-β-methylbutyrate (HMB, a metabolite of L-leucine) has been proposed to enhance the protein deposition and efficiency of mitochondrial biogenesis in skeletal muscle, as well as muscle strength in both exercise and clinical settings. Specifically, dietary supplementation with HMB increases the gene expression of peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor gamma co-activator 1-alpha (PGC-1α), which represents an upstream inducer of genes of mitochondrial metabolism, coordinates the expression of both nuclear- and mitochondrion-encoded genes in mitochondrial biogenesis. Additionally, PGC-1α plays a key role in the transformation of skeletal muscle fiber type, leading to a shift toward type I muscle fibers that are rich in mitochondria and have a high capacity for oxidative metabolism. As a nitrogen-free metabolite, HMB holds great promise to improve skeletal muscle mass and function, as well as whole-body health and well-being of animals and humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xi He
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China.,Hunan Co-Innovation Center of Animal Production Safety, Changsha, 410128, China
| | - Yehui Duan
- Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing, 100039, China
| | - Kang Yao
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China. .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.
| | - Fengna Li
- Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China
| | - Yongqing Hou
- Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China
| | - Guoyao Wu
- Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China.,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.,Department of Animal Science, Texas A&M University, College Station, TX, 77843, USA
| | - Yulong Yin
- College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128, China. .,Scientific Observation and Experiment Station of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science in South-Central China, Ministry of Agriculture, Hunan Provincial Engineering Research Center for Healthy Livestock and Poultry Production, Key Laboratory of Agro-ecological Processes in Subtropical Region, Institute of Subtropical Agriculture, Chinese Academy of Sciences, No. 644 Yuanda Road, Furong District, Changsha, 410125, Hunan, China. .,Hubei Collaborative Innovation Center for Animal Nutrition and Feed Safety, Hubei Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Feed Science, Wuhan Polytechnic University, Wuhan, 430023, China.
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Anton SD, Woods AJ, Ashizawa T, Barb D, Buford TW, Carter CS, Clark DJ, Cohen RA, Corbett DB, Cruz-Almeida Y, Dotson V, Ebner N, Efron PA, Fillingim RB, Foster TC, Gundermann DM, Joseph AM, Karabetian C, Leeuwenburgh C, Manini TM, Marsiske M, Mankowski RT, Mutchie HL, Perri MG, Ranka S, Rashidi P, Sandesara B, Scarpace PJ, Sibille KT, Solberg LM, Someya S, Uphold C, Wohlgemuth S, Wu SS, Pahor M. Successful aging: Advancing the science of physical independence in older adults. Ageing Res Rev 2015; 24:304-27. [PMID: 26462882 DOI: 10.1016/j.arr.2015.09.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 163] [Impact Index Per Article: 18.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2015] [Revised: 09/08/2015] [Accepted: 09/30/2015] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The concept of 'successful aging' has long intrigued the scientific community. Despite this long-standing interest, a consensus definition has proven to be a difficult task, due to the inherent challenge involved in defining such a complex, multi-dimensional phenomenon. The lack of a clear set of defining characteristics for the construct of successful aging has made comparison of findings across studies difficult and has limited advances in aging research. A consensus on markers of successful aging is furthest developed is the domain of physical functioning. For example, walking speed appears to be an excellent surrogate marker of overall health and predicts the maintenance of physical independence, a cornerstone of successful aging. The purpose of the present article is to provide an overview and discussion of specific health conditions, behavioral factors, and biological mechanisms that mark declining mobility and physical function and promising interventions to counter these effects. With life expectancy continuing to increase in the United States and developed countries throughout the world, there is an increasing public health focus on the maintenance of physical independence among all older adults.
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Abstract
In the past century, considerable efforts were made to understand the role of mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) mutations and of oxidative stress in aging. The classic mitochondrial free radical theory of aging, in which mtDNA mutations cause genotoxic oxidative stress, which in turn creates more mutations, has been a central hypothesis in the field for decades. In the past few years, however, new elements have discredited this original theory. The major sources of mitochondrial DNA mutations seem to be replication errors and failure of the repair mechanisms, and the accumulation of these mutations as observed in aged organisms seems to occur by clonal expansion and not to be caused by a reactive oxygen species-dependent vicious cycle. New hypotheses of how age-associated mitochondrial dysfunction may lead to aging are based on the role of reactive oxygen species as signaling molecules and on their role in mediating stress responses to age-dependent damage. Here, we review the changes that mtDNA undergoes during aging and the past and most recent hypotheses linking these changes to the tissue failure observed in aging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milena Pinto
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA
| | - Carlos T Moraes
- Department of Neurology, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA; Department of Cell Biology and Anatomy, Miller School of Medicine, University of Miami, Miami, FL 33136, USA.
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43
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The Role of Muscle Mass, Muscle Quality, and Body Composition in Risk for the Metabolic Syndrome and Functional Decline in Older Adults. CURRENT GERIATRICS REPORTS 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s13670-015-0132-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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44
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Szklarczyk R, Nooteboom M, Osiewacz HD. Control of mitochondrial integrity in ageing and disease. Philos Trans R Soc Lond B Biol Sci 2015; 369:20130439. [PMID: 24864310 DOI: 10.1098/rstb.2013.0439] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Various molecular and cellular pathways are active in eukaryotes to control the quality and integrity of mitochondria. These pathways are involved in keeping a 'healthy' population of this essential organelle during the lifetime of the organism. Quality control (QC) systems counteract processes that lead to organellar dysfunction manifesting as degenerative diseases and ageing. We discuss disease- and ageing-related pathways involved in mitochondrial QC: mtDNA repair and reorganization, regeneration of oxidized amino acids, refolding and degradation of severely damaged proteins, degradation of whole mitochondria by mitophagy and finally programmed cell death. The control of the integrity of mtDNA and regulation of its expression is essential to remodel single proteins as well as mitochondrial complexes that determine mitochondrial functions. The redundancy of components, such as proteases, and the hierarchies of the QC raise questions about crosstalk between systems and their precise regulation. The understanding of the underlying mechanisms on the genomic, proteomic, organellar and cellular levels holds the key for the development of interventions for mitochondrial dysfunctions, degenerative processes, ageing and age-related diseases resulting from impairments of mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radek Szklarczyk
- Centre for Molecular and Biomolecular Informatics, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands Department of Clinical Genetics, Unit Clinical Genomics, Maastricht University Medical Centre, 6200 MD Maastricht, The Netherlands
| | - Marco Nooteboom
- Department of Biochemistry (286), Radboud Institute for Molecular Life Sciences, Radboud University Medical Centre, 6500 HB Nijmegen, The Netherlands
| | - Heinz D Osiewacz
- Faculty for Biosciences and Cluster of Excellence 'Macromolecular Complexes', Goethe University, Molecular Developmental Biology, 60438 Frankfurt am Main, Germany
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MINAMI AKARI, NAKANISHI ATSUKO, MATSUDA SATORU, KITAGISHI YASUKO, OGURA YASUNORI. Function of α-synuclein and PINK1 in Lewy body dementia (Review). Int J Mol Med 2014; 35:3-9. [DOI: 10.3892/ijmm.2014.1980] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2014] [Accepted: 10/16/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
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46
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Allison DB, Antoine LH, Ballinger SW, Bamman MM, Biga P, Darley-Usmar VM, Fisher G, Gohlke JM, Halade GV, Hartman JL, Hunter GR, Messina JL, Nagy TR, Plaisance EP, Powell ML, Roth KA, Sandel MW, Schwartz TS, Smith DL, Sweatt JD, Tollefsbol TO, Watts SA, Yang Y, Zhang J, Austad SN. Aging and energetics' 'Top 40' future research opportunities 2010-2013. F1000Res 2014; 3:219. [PMID: 25324965 PMCID: PMC4197746 DOI: 10.12688/f1000research.5212.1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 09/08/2014] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND As part of a coordinated effort to expand our research activity at the interface of Aging and Energetics a team of investigators at The University of Alabama at Birmingham systematically assayed and catalogued the top research priorities identified in leading publications in that domain, believing the result would be useful to the scientific community at large. OBJECTIVE To identify research priorities and opportunities in the domain of aging and energetics as advocated in the 40 most cited papers related to aging and energetics in the last 4 years. DESIGN The investigators conducted a search for papers on aging and energetics in Scopus, ranked the resulting papers by number of times they were cited, and selected the ten most-cited papers in each of the four years that include 2010 to 2013, inclusive. RESULTS Ten research categories were identified from the 40 papers. These included: (1) Calorie restriction (CR) longevity response, (2) role of mTOR (mechanistic target of Rapamycin) and related factors in lifespan extension, (3) nutrient effects beyond energy (especially resveratrol, omega-3 fatty acids, and selected amino acids), 4) autophagy and increased longevity and health, (5) aging-associated predictors of chronic disease, (6) use and effects of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), (7) telomeres relative to aging and energetics, (8) accretion and effects of body fat, (9) the aging heart, and (10) mitochondria, reactive oxygen species, and cellular energetics. CONCLUSION The field is rich with exciting opportunities to build upon our existing knowledge about the relations among aspects of aging and aspects of energetics and to better understand the mechanisms which connect them.
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Affiliation(s)
- David B. Allison
- Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Lisa H. Antoine
- Office of Energetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- School of Engineering, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Scott W. Ballinger
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Marcas M. Bamman
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Cell, Developmental, & Integrative Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, USA
| | - Peggy Biga
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Victor M. Darley-Usmar
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Gordon Fisher
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Julia M. Gohlke
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Environmental Health Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Ganesh V. Halade
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Medicine – Cardiovascular Disease, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - John L. Hartman
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Genetics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Gary R. Hunter
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Joseph L. Messina
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Pathology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Birmingham VA Medical Center, Birmingham, USA
| | - Tim R. Nagy
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Eric P. Plaisance
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Human Studies, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Mickie L. Powell
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Kevin A. Roth
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Michael W. Sandel
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Biostatistics, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Tonia S. Schwartz
- School of Public Health, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Daniel L. Smith
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - J. David Sweatt
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Trygve O. Tollefsbol
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Stephen A. Watts
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Yongbin Yang
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Nutrition Sciences, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Jianhua Zhang
- Center for Free Radical Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
| | - Steven N. Austad
- Nutrition and Obesity Research Center, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Department of Biology, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- Comprehensive Center for Healthy Aging, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
- UAB Center for Exercise Medicine, University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, USA
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Politi Y, Gal L, Kalifa Y, Ravid L, Elazar Z, Arama E. Paternal mitochondrial destruction after fertilization is mediated by a common endocytic and autophagic pathway in Drosophila. Dev Cell 2014; 29:305-20. [PMID: 24823375 DOI: 10.1016/j.devcel.2014.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 100] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2013] [Revised: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 04/02/2014] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Almost all animals contain mitochondria of maternal origin only, but the exact mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still vague. We investigated the fate of Drosophila paternal mitochondria after fertilization. We demonstrate that the sperm mitochondrial derivative (MD) is rapidly eliminated in a stereotypical process dubbed paternal mitochondrial destruction (PMD). PMD is initiated by a network of vesicles resembling multivesicular bodies and displaying common features of the endocytic and autophagic pathways. These vesicles associate with the sperm tail and mediate the disintegration of its plasma membrane. Subsequently, the MD separates from the axoneme and breaks into smaller fragments, which are then sequestered by autophagosomes for degradation in lysosomes. We further provide evidence for the involvement of the ubiquitin pathway and the autophagy receptor p62 in this process. Finally, we show that the ubiquitin ligase Parkin is not involved in PMD, implying a divergence from the autophagic pathway of damaged mitochondria.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoav Politi
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Liron Gal
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Yossi Kalifa
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Liat Ravid
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Zvulun Elazar
- Department of Biological Chemistry, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel
| | - Eli Arama
- Department of Molecular Genetics, Weizmann Institute of Science, Rehovot 76100, Israel.
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48
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Sato D, Itami N, Tasaki H, Takeo S, Kuwayama T, Iwata H. Relationship between mitochondrial DNA copy number and SIRT1 expression in porcine oocytes. PLoS One 2014; 9:e94488. [PMID: 24747689 PMCID: PMC3991605 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0094488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2014] [Accepted: 03/16/2014] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
The present study assessed the effect of resveratrol on the expression of SIRT1 and mitochondrial quality and quantity in porcine oocytes. Supplementing the maturation medium with 20 µM resveratrol increased the expression of SIRT1, and enhanced mitochondrial functions, as observed from the increased ATP content and mitochondrial membrane potential. Addition of resveratrol also improved the ability of oocytes to develop into the blastocyst stage following activation. The effects of resveratrol on mitochondrial number were examined by comparing the mitochondrial DNA copy number (Mt number) between group of oocytes collected from the same donor gilt ovaries. Supplementing the maturation medium with only resveratrol did not affect the Mt number in the oocytes. However, supplementing the maturation medium with 10 µM MG132, a proteasome inhibitor, significantly increased the amount of ubiquitinated proteins and Mt number by 12 and 14%, respectively. In addition, when resveratrol was added to the medium containing MG132, the Mt number increased significantly by 39%, this effect was diminished by the addition of the SIRT1 inhibitor EX527. Furthermore, supplementing the medium with MG132 and EX527 did not affect Mt number. The mean SIRT1 expression in 20 oocytes was significantly and positively correlated with the Mt number in oocytes collected from the same donor. This study suggests that the expression of SIRT1 is associated with the Mt number in oocytes. In addition, activation of SIRT1 by resveratrol enhances the biosynthesis and degradation of mitochondria in oocytes, thereby replenishing and improving mitochondrial function and the developmental ability of oocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daichi Sato
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atugi City, Japan
| | - Nobuhiko Itami
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atugi City, Japan
| | | | - Shun Takeo
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atugi City, Japan
| | | | - Hisataka Iwata
- Tokyo University of Agriculture, Funako, Atugi City, Japan
- * E-mail:
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49
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Sampaio-Marques B, Burhans WC, Ludovico P. Longevity pathways and maintenance of the proteome: the role of autophagy and mitophagy during yeast ageing. MICROBIAL CELL 2014; 1:118-127. [PMID: 28357232 PMCID: PMC5349200 DOI: 10.15698/mic2014.04.136] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
Abstract
Ageing is a complex and multi-factorial process that results in the progressive
accumulation of molecular alterations that disrupt different cellular functions.
The budding yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae is an important
model organism that has significantly contributed to the identification of
conserved molecular and cellular determinants of ageing. The nutrient-sensing
pathways are well-recognized modulators of longevity from yeast to mammals, but
their downstream effectors and outcomes on different features of ageing process
are still poorly understood. A hypothesis that is attracting increased interest
is that one of the major functions of these “longevity pathways” is to
contribute to the maintenance of the proteome during ageing. In support of this
hypothesis, evidence shows that TOR/Sch9 and Ras/PKA pathways are important
regulators of autophagy that in turn are essential for healthy cellular ageing.
It is also well known that mitochondria homeostasis and function regulate
lifespan, but how mitochondrial dynamics, mitophagy and biogenesis are regulated
during ageing remains to be elucidated. This review describes recent findings
that shed light on how longevity pathways and metabolic status impact
maintenance of the proteome in both yeast ageing paradigms. These findings
demonstrate that yeast remain a powerful model system for elucidating these
relationships and their influence on ageing regulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Belém Sampaio-Marques
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. ; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
| | - William C Burhans
- Dept. of Molecular and Cellular Biology, Roswell Park Cancer Institute, Buffalo, NY 14263, USA
| | - Paula Ludovico
- Life and Health Sciences Research Institute (ICVS), School of Health Sciences, University of Minho, Braga, Portugal. ; ICVS/3B's - PT Government Associate Laboratory, Braga/Guimarães, Portugal
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50
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Gioscia-Ryan RA, LaRocca TJ, Sindler AL, Zigler MC, Murphy MP, Seals DR. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant (MitoQ) ameliorates age-related arterial endothelial dysfunction in mice. J Physiol 2014; 592:2549-61. [PMID: 24665093 DOI: 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.268680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 168] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Age-related arterial endothelial dysfunction, a key antecedent of the development of cardiovascular disease (CVD), is largely caused by a reduction in nitric oxide (NO) bioavailability as a consequence of oxidative stress. Mitochondria are a major source and target of vascular oxidative stress when dysregulated. Mitochondrial dysregulation is associated with primary ageing, but its role in age-related endothelial dysfunction is unknown. Our aim was to determine the efficacy of a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, MitoQ, in ameliorating vascular endothelial dysfunction in old mice. Ex vivo carotid artery endothelium-dependent dilation (EDD) to increasing doses of acetylcholine was impaired by ∼30% in old (∼27 months) compared with young (∼8 months) mice as a result of reduced NO bioavailability (P < 0.05). Acute (ex vivo) and chronic (4 weeks in drinking water) administration of MitoQ completely restored EDD in older mice by improving NO bioavailability. There were no effects of age or MitoQ on endothelium-independent dilation to sodium nitroprusside. The improvements in endothelial function with MitoQ supplementation were associated with the normalization of age-related increases in total and mitochondria-derived arterial superoxide production and oxidative stress (nitrotyrosine abundance), as well as with increases in markers of vascular mitochondrial health, including antioxidant status. MitoQ also reversed the age-related increase in endothelial susceptibility to acute mitochondrial damage (rotenone-induced impairment in EDD). Our results suggest that mitochondria-derived oxidative stress is an important mechanism underlying the development of endothelial dysfunction in primary ageing. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants such as MitoQ represent a promising novel strategy for the preservation of vascular endothelial function with advancing age and the prevention of age-related CVD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rachel A Gioscia-Ryan
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Thomas J LaRocca
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Amy L Sindler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | - Melanie C Zigler
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
| | | | - Douglas R Seals
- Department of Integrative Physiology, University of Colorado Boulder, Boulder, CO, USA
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