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Oliveira Silvino V, Raffaela Barbosa Barros K, Machado Brito F, Matheus Dias Magalhães F, Augusto Ferreira Carioca A, César Carneiro Loureiro A, Salvador Veras-Silva A, Daniel Motta Drummond M, Antonio Pereira Dos Santos M. Phase angle as an indicator of body composition and physical performance in handball players. BMC Sports Sci Med Rehabil 2024; 16:114. [PMID: 38773478 PMCID: PMC11107023 DOI: 10.1186/s13102-024-00899-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2023] [Accepted: 05/07/2024] [Indexed: 05/23/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phase angle (PhA), obtained from the bioimpedance analysis, is widely used in clinical situations and in sports. This study evaluated the association between PhA with body composition and physical performance of handball athletes. METHODS 43 national-level players (22.19 ± 3.86 years) of both sexes were evaluated regarding anthropometry, body composition, squat (SJ) and countermovement (CMJ) jumps, handgrip strength, and cardiorespiratory fitness. RESULTS We verified a correlation between PhA of the whole body and fat-free mass (r = 0.511), body mass index (r = 0.307), and body fat % (r = -0.303). There was a positive correlation between PhA of the whole body and SJ (r = 0.376), CMJ (r = 0.419), and handgrip for the dominant hand (r = 0.448). Moreover, PhA of the upper limbs was more strongly correlated with handgrip for the dominant (r = 0.630) and non-dominant hand (r = 0.575) compared to PhA of the whole body considering both sexes. Similarly, segmental PhA had a stronger significant correlation with SJ (r = 0.402) and handgrip for the dominant hand (r = 0.482) in males, as well as CMJ (r = 0.602) in females, compared to PhA of the whole body. CONCLUSION PhA of the whole body was positively related to fat-free mass, body mass index, body fat %, and lower- and upper-limbs strength in handball athletes. Segmental PhA might be used as a tool for estimating lower and upper limbs performance considering the sex, in preference to the PhA of the whole body.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valmir Oliveira Silvino
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 3700 Pedro Freitas Avenue, Teresina, 64018000, Piauí, Brazil.
- Nucleus of Study in Physiology Applied to Performance and Health (NEFADS), Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil.
| | - Kelly Raffaela Barbosa Barros
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 3700 Pedro Freitas Avenue, Teresina, 64018000, Piauí, Brazil
- Nucleus of Study in Physiology Applied to Performance and Health (NEFADS), Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Felipe Machado Brito
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 3700 Pedro Freitas Avenue, Teresina, 64018000, Piauí, Brazil
- Nucleus of Study in Physiology Applied to Performance and Health (NEFADS), Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Francisco Matheus Dias Magalhães
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 3700 Pedro Freitas Avenue, Teresina, 64018000, Piauí, Brazil
- Nucleus of Study in Physiology Applied to Performance and Health (NEFADS), Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
| | | | | | - Acácio Salvador Veras-Silva
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 3700 Pedro Freitas Avenue, Teresina, 64018000, Piauí, Brazil
| | - Marcos Daniel Motta Drummond
- Department of Physical Education, Physiotherapy and Occupational Therapy, Federal University of Minas Gerais, Belo Horizonte, Minas Gerais, Brazil
| | - Marcos Antonio Pereira Dos Santos
- Department of Biophysics and Physiology, Federal University of Piaui, 3700 Pedro Freitas Avenue, Teresina, 64018000, Piauí, Brazil
- Nucleus of Study in Physiology Applied to Performance and Health (NEFADS), Federal University of Piaui, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
- Rede Nordeste de Biotecnologia (RENORBIO), Federal University of Piauí, Teresina, Piauí, Brazil
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Liu S, Zhang S, Cheng X, Wu D, Chen J, Liang W, Qian S, Zhang J, Jiang F. A meta-analysis on the impact of resistance training on phase angle in middle-aged and older individuals. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2024; 119:105318. [PMID: 38194828 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2023.105318] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 12/17/2023] [Indexed: 01/11/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To determine the impact of resistance training (RT) on phase angle (PhA) in middle-aged and older individuals via meta-analysis, explore effects in subgroups, and identify optimal RT protocol. MATERIALS AND METHODS We searched five databases using predefined criteria, assessed literature quality per Cochrane 5.1 Handbook, and used Revman 5.3 for effect size aggregation, bias assessment, sensitivity analysis, and subgroup analysis. RESULTS RT improved PhA in middle-aged and older individuals (d = 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.27-0.40, P < 0.05). Effective subgroups included Suspension (d = 0.62, 95 % CI: 0.33-0.90, P < 0.05), free-weights and machine (d = 0.36, 95 % CI: 0.28-0.45, P < 0.05), equipment training (d = 0.24, 95 % CI: 0.13-0.36, P < 0.05), and moderate-intensity RT (d = 0.34, 95 % CI: 0.27-0.42, P < 0.05). RT was conducted 2-3 times/week (d = 0.20, 95 % CI: 0.01-0.38, P < 0.05) or (d = 0.38, 95 % CI: 0.30-0.47, P < 0.05). PhA improved after 8 weeks (d = 0.37, 95 % CI: 0.23-0.51, P < 0.05), 12 weeks (d = 0.35, 95 % CI: 0.26-0.44, P < 0.05), and ≥ 24 weeks (d = 0.26, 95 % CI: 0.11-0.41, P < 0.05) of RT in aged and older individuals. Low- and high-intensity RT, elastic band training, and weekly exercises did not significantly improve PhA. CONCLUSIONS RT enhances PhA in middle-aged and older adults. For optimal results, we recommend 2-3 weekly sessions of free weights and machine training lasting at least 8 weeks.
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Affiliation(s)
- Siqi Liu
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Siqing Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, 430074, China
| | - Xuejing Cheng
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Danting Wu
- Department of Physical Education, Tongji University, Shanghai, 200092, China
| | - Jiongxun Chen
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Wenqi Liang
- School of Physical Education & Sports Science, South China Normal University, Guangzhou, 510006, China
| | - Siyu Qian
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410012, China
| | - Jisheng Zhang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410012, China.
| | - Fanglin Jiang
- School of Physical Education, Hunan Normal University, Changsha, 410012, China.
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Grigoletto A, Mauro M, Toselli S. Evaluation of the Effectiveness of a Nordic Walking and a Resistance Indoor Training Program: Anthropometric, Body Composition, and Functional Parameters in the Middle-Aged Population. J Funct Morphol Kinesiol 2023; 8:79. [PMID: 37367243 DOI: 10.3390/jfmk8020079] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/13/2023] [Revised: 05/13/2023] [Accepted: 06/13/2023] [Indexed: 06/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Sedentary behaviors are increasing in the population, so strategies for the increment of physical activity levels are needed. The use of green space seems to be a valid support to be more active. The present study aimed to compare the effectiveness of a period of outdoor training (Nordic walking (NW)) with indoor resistance training (GYM) in a nonclinical population based on anthropometric characteristics, body composition, and functional parameters. This study was conducted on 102 participants (77 middle-aged people performed NW and 25 performed indoor training). Participants were measured twice: at baseline and after three months. Anthropometric measurements (weight, BMI, skinfolds, perimeters), body composition, bioelectrical impedance, vectorial analysis (BIA and BIVA), and physical tests were carried out. A two-way repeated measures analysis of variance (ANOVA) was performed to evaluate the effect of the treatments, groups, and sexes. There were several intervention effects linked to a decrease in fat parameters (such as skinfolds, fat mass, and percentage of fat mass). Considering the type of intervention, NW showed a higher increase in muscle mass and a higher decrease in fat parameters than the GYM group. In conclusion, the two types of training could represent a good way to remain active and prevent sedentary behaviors.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Grigoletto
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, Via Selmi 3, 40126 Bologna, Italy
| | - Mario Mauro
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
| | - Stefania Toselli
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy
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Varanoske AN, Harris MN, Hebert C, Johannsen NM, Heymsfield SB, Greenway FL, Ferrando AA, Rood JC, Pasiakos SM. Bioelectrical impedance phase angle is associated with physical performance before but not after simulated multi-stressor military operations. Physiol Rep 2023; 11:e15649. [PMID: 36949577 PMCID: PMC10033850 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.15649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2023] [Revised: 02/28/2023] [Accepted: 03/01/2023] [Indexed: 03/24/2023] Open
Abstract
Physical performance decrements observed during multi-stressor military operations may be attributed, in part, to cellular membrane dysfunction, which is quantifiable using phase angle (PhA) derived from bioelectrical impedance analysis (BIA). Positive relationships between PhA and performance have been previously reported in cross-sectional studies and following longitudinal exercise training programs, but whether changes in PhA are indicative of acute decrements in performance during military operations is unknown. Data from the Optimizing Performance for Soldiers II study, a clinical trial examining the effects of exogenous testosterone administration on body composition and performance during military stress, was used to evaluate changes in PhA and their associations with physical performance. Recreationally active, healthy males (n = 34; 26.6 ± 4.3 years; 77.9 ± 12.4 kg) were randomized to receive testosterone undecanoate or placebo before a 20-day simulated military operation, which was followed by a 23-day recovery period. PhA of the whole-body (Whole) and legs (Legs) and physical performance were measured before (PRE) and after (POST) the simulated military operation as well as in recovery (REC). Independent of treatment, PhAWhole and PhALegs decreased from PRE to POST (p < 0.001), and PhALegs , but not PhAWhole , remained lower at REC than PRE. PhAWhole at PRE and REC were associated with vertical jump height and Wingate peak power (p < 0.001-0.050), and PhAWhole at PRE was also associated with 3-RM deadlift mass (p = 0.006). However, PhA at POST and changes in PhA from PRE to POST were not correlated with any performance measure (p > 0.05). Additionally, PhA was not associated with aerobic performance at any timepoint. In conclusion, reduced PhA from PRE to POST provides indirect evidence of cellular membrane disruption. Associations between PhA and strength and power were only evident at PRE and REC, suggesting PhA may be a useful indicator of strength and power, but not aerobic capacity, in non-stressed conditions, and not a reliable indicator of physical performance during severe physiological stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alyssa N. Varanoske
- Military Performance Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
- Oak Ridge Institute for Science and EducationOak RidgeTennesseeUSA
| | - Melissa N. Harris
- Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Callie Hebert
- Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Neil M. Johannsen
- Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Steven B. Heymsfield
- Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Frank L. Greenway
- Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Arny A. Ferrando
- Department of Geriatrics, Donald W. Reynolds Institute on Aging, Center for Translational Research in Aging & LongevityUniversity of Arkansas for Medical SciencesLittle RockArkansasUSA
| | - Jennifer C. Rood
- Pennington Biomedical Research CenterLouisiana State UniversityBaton RougeLouisianaUSA
| | - Stefan M. Pasiakos
- Military Performance Division, U.S. Army Research Institute of Environmental MedicineNatickMassachusettsUSA
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Abstract
The biophysical response of the human body to electric current is widely appreciated as a barometer of fluid distribution and cell function. From distinct raw bioelectrical impedance (BIA) variables assessed in the field of body composition, phase angle (PhA) has been repeatedly indicated as a functional marker of the cell's health and mass. Although resistance training (RT) programs have demonstrated to be effective to improve PhA, with varying degrees of change depending on other raw BIA variables, there is still limited research explaining the biological mechanisms behind these changes. Here, we aim to provide the rationale for the responsiveness of PhA determinants to RT, as well as to summarize all available evidence addressing the effect of varied RT programs on PhA of different age groups. Available data led us to conclude that RT modulates the cell volume by increasing the levels of intracellular glycogen and water, thus triggering structural and functional changes in different cell organelles. These alterations lead, respectively, to shifts in the resistive path of the electric current (resistance, R) and capacitive properties of the human body (reactance, Xc), which ultimately impact PhA, considering that it is the angular transformation of the ratio between Xc and R. Evidence drawn from experimental research suggests that RT is highly effective for enhancing PhA, especially when adopting high-intensity, volume, and duration RT programs combining other types of exercise. Still, additional research exploring the effects of RT on whole-body and regional BIA variables of alternative population groups is recommended for further knowledge development.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luís B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, CIPER, Universidade de Lisboa, , Cruz Quebrada, Portugal.
| | - Gil B Rosa
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, CIPER, Universidade de Lisboa, , Cruz Quebrada, Portugal
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Martins AD, Fernandes O, Oliveira R, Bilro V, Lopes G, Rego AM, Parraça JA, Raimundo AMM, Brito JP. Effects of exercise programs on phase angle in older adults: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2022; 103:104787. [PMID: 35961106 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2022.104787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2022] [Revised: 07/31/2022] [Accepted: 08/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/02/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to calculate the effects of exercise programs on phase angle (PhA) in older people. A systematic review was undertaken in multiple electronic databases in accordance with the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses statement guidelines for the purposes of selecting randomized controlled trials that measured the effects of the exercise programs on PhA in older adults on 31 March 2022. We carried out a random-effect meta-analysis for the effects of exercise programs on PhA. Additionally, we analysed the differences between subgroups in terms of weekly frequency, number of sets and repetitions, and duration of interventions. Studies were methodological assessed through the PEDro scale where one had excellent, ten had good, and three had poor methodological quality. For the purposes of the study, fourteen studies met the criteria for inclusion. However, four studies did not have enough information to be included in the quantitative analysis. The remaining ten articles revealed moderate effects on PhA in favour of intervention groups (p=0.009, SMD=0.72 [0.46-0.99], I2=54%). The meta-analysis also showed that interventions lasting twelve weeks are more successful in generating positive effects on PhA as opposed to eight weeks (SMD's=0.79 vs. 0.64, respectively). These results indicate that resistance training (RT) is an effective and safe to improve PhA in the older people, especially through RT programs lasting from eight to twelve weeks. A novel finding of this study was that RT is the most used type of exercise by authors when assessing the PhA in older adults.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandre Duarte Martins
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal; Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal.
| | - Orlando Fernandes
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal
| | - Rafael Oliveira
- Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
| | - Vitor Bilro
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal
| | - Gabriel Lopes
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal
| | - António Maia Rego
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal
| | - José A Parraça
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal
| | - Armando Manuel Mendonça Raimundo
- Comprehensive Health Research Centre (CHRC), Departamento de Desporto e Saúde, Escola de Saúde e Desenvolvimento Humano, Universidade de Évora, Largo dos Colegiais 2, 7004-516, Évora 7000-727, Portugal
| | - João Paulo Brito
- Sports Science School of Rio Maior, Polytechnic Institute of Santarém, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; Life Quality Research Centre, Rio Maior 2040-413, Portugal; Research Centre in Sport Sciences, Health Sciences and Human Development, Vila Real 5001-801, Portugal
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Schmidt SCE, Sell S, Woll A. The Use of Compression Stockings to Reduce Water Retention in the Legs During Gaming and Esports: Randomized Controlled Field Study. Interact J Med Res 2022; 11:e25886. [PMID: 36173666 PMCID: PMC9562085 DOI: 10.2196/25886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 11/27/2021] [Accepted: 12/19/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background With the increasing digitalization of daily life, internet-based entertainment such as gaming and streaming has advanced to one of the megatrends of the 21st century. Besides offering a multitude of controversially discussed opportunities for entertainment and social interaction, there is reasonable concern about health issues caused by the absence of physical activity among activities linked to gaming and streaming. Objective The aim of this study is to compare the water balance of recreational gamers with and those without compression stockings during a gaming event. Methods We measured body composition and water balance with 8-electrode bioelectrical impedance analysis among 46 recreational gamers with an average age of 27.1 (SD 6.5) years (5/46, 11% women and 41/46, 89% men) before and after 24 hours at a gaming event. Of the 46 gamers, 23 (50%) gamers wore compression stockings for the duration of the study. Results Our study shows that prolonged gaming and associated behaviors during a 24-hour time frame lead to an increase in total body water (+0.76 L; P<.001) and a decrease of phase angle in the lower extremities (−0.47°; P<.001) but not in the upper extremities (+0.09°; P=.80), when no compression is used. Gamers using compression socks did not show any significant negative effects on their body composition. Conclusions Prolonged gaming and streaming are serious risk factors for diseases associated with water retention in the legs, and these risks can be measured by bioelectrical impedance and reduced by wearing compression stockings. We conclude that these findings should be discussed and replicated in larger studies and that there is a considerably large market for compression stockings among gamers and live streamers.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Stefan Sell
- Joint Center Black Forest, Hospital Neuenbuerg, Neuenbuerg, Germany
| | - Alexander Woll
- Institute of Sports and Sports Science, Karlsruhe Institute of Technology, Karlsruhe, Germany
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Association between Phase Angle from Bioelectric Impedance and Muscular Strength and Power in Physically Active Adults. BIOLOGY 2022; 11:biology11091255. [PMID: 36138734 PMCID: PMC9495323 DOI: 10.3390/biology11091255] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2022] [Revised: 08/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/21/2022] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare muscle strength and power indicators according to bioimpedance spectroscopy’s phase angle (PhA) values, in resistance-trained (RT) men, while exploring associations between PhA and performance. Forty-four men aged 18−45 years, engaged in RT, were allocated according to PhA tertiles. Lean soft tissue (LST) and fat mass (%FM) were assessed using dual-energy x-ray absorptiometry; dynamic muscle strength using 1 repetition maximum (1RM) of bench press (BP) and back squat (BS) and muscle power using Wingate test (WT) and countermovement jump (CMJ). For WT and CMJ, the 3rd tertile was significantly higher than the 1st tertile (p = 0.027 and p = 0.018, respectively). Regarding BP 1RM, the 3rd tertile was significantly higher than the 2nd tertile (p = 0.037). LST better explained the variability in the WT, BS and BP (p =< 0.001), while %FM better accounted for jump height in CMJ (p =< 0.001). PhA was a predictor of performance in both CMJ (p = 0.040) and BP (p = 0.012), independently of LST and %FM. Participants with higher PhA also displayed superior muscle strength of the upper limbs and greater muscle power of the lower limbs. PhA displayed significant moderate associations with performance in CMJ and BP, even after controlling for body composition. Still, LST was the most important predictor of muscle strength and power.
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Campa F, Colognesi LA, Moro T, Paoli A, Casolo A, Santos L, Correia RR, Lemes ÍR, Milanez VF, Christofaro DD, Cyrino ES, Gobbo LA. Effect of resistance training on bioelectrical phase angle in older adults: a systematic review with Meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Rev Endocr Metab Disord 2022; 24:439-449. [PMID: 35918569 PMCID: PMC10140106 DOI: 10.1007/s11154-022-09747-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 10/16/2022]
Abstract
Resistance training has been proposed as a valid practice to counteract the aging effect on body mass and its components, which can be easily evaluated though the bioelectrical impedance analysis. This study aimed to achieve a systematic review with meta-analysis on the impact of resistance training on bioelectrical proprieties in older adults.A literature review was done in four electronic databases up to 1 January 2022. The inclusion criteria were: (i) participants aged ≥ 60 years; (ii) resistance training lasted ≥ 8 weeks; (iii) measurement of raw bioelectrical parameters in randomized controlled study designs.The outcomes of the trial had to be bioelectrical phase angle (PhA), resistance (R), and reactance (Xc). The methodological quality was assessed using the Rosendal scale.Overall, seven studies with a total of 344 participants were eligible for the analysis. The quality assessment yielded a score of 71.3%. Bioelectrical PhA (0.52 degree [95%CI 0.32, 0.71], p < 0.001) and Xc (3.58 ohms [95%CI 1.97, 5.19], p < 0.001) increased, whereas R decreased (-28.50 ohms [95%CI -41.39, -15.60], p < 0.001) after the resistance training programs.In this meta-analysis, resistance training promoted increases of PhA, which result from an increase in Xc concomitant with a reduction in R. According to the bioimpedance vector analysis, resistance-trained people experienced a beneficial leftward vector displacement, whilst inactivity induced a rightward vector displacement within the R-Xc graph. In future, more sophisticated and rigorous studies that address specific criteria, methods and targeted designs are required to identify which equipment and protocols allow for an optimization of the resistance training effects.Registration code in PROSPERO: CRD42020168057.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesco Campa
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy.
| | - Lucas Antonio Colognesi
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, 19060-900, Padova, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, UNESP, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Tatiana Moro
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Antonio Paoli
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Andrea Casolo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, University of Padua, 35131, Padova, Italy
| | - Leandro Santos
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Rafael Ribeiro Correia
- Multicentric Program of Postgraduate in Physiological Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry of Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil., UNESP, 19060-900, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Ítalo Ribeiro Lemes
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, UNESP, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Vinícius Flávio Milanez
- Department of Physical Education, Oeste Paulista University, UNOESTE, 19067-175, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Diego Destro Christofaro
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, UNESP, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
| | - Edilson Serpeloni Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - Luís Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), Department of Physical Education, School of Technology and Sciences, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente, 19060-900, Padova, SP, Brazil
- Graduate Program in Physical Therapy, School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Brazil, UNESP, 19060-900, Presidente Prudente, SP, Brazil
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, 86057-970, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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Grigoletto A, Mauro M, Oppio A, Greco G, Fischetti F, Cataldi S, Toselli S. Effects of Nordic Walking Training on Anthropometric, Body Composition and Functional Parameters in the Middle-Aged Population. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19127433. [PMID: 35742680 PMCID: PMC9224194 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19127433] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2022] [Revised: 06/14/2022] [Accepted: 06/15/2022] [Indexed: 12/10/2022]
Abstract
Nordic walking (NW) is an easy physical exercise that is usually proposed for clinical populations and for the elderly. The aim of the present study was to examine the effects of a period of NW training in a non-clinical middle-aged population on anthropometric, body composition and functional parameters. A pre-test/post-test study design was conducted on 77 participants: 56 women (72.7%, age 55.53 ± 9.73 years) and 21 men (27.3%, age 60.51 ± 8.15 years). The measurements were carried out with physical tests at the baseline and at the follow up. Participants did two weekly NW training sessions of about 60 min each. A questionnaire was administered to evaluate their feelings after the training period. Paired Students' test was carried out to evaluate the pre-post differences, and the analysis of variance was performed to evaluate the questionnaire. Participants had significantly less stress and anxiety after the NW training. Body fat parameters showed a significant decrease, especially for women. Phase angle and strength of lower body presented a significant increase in both sexes after the training period. In conclusion, NW shows many potential benefits also for the nonclinical population and could be an important exercise to remain active and to maintain a good health condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessia Grigoletto
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.G.); (S.T.)
| | - Mario Mauro
- Department of Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
| | - Alberto Oppio
- School of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and sport Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Gianpiero Greco
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (F.F.)
| | - Francesco Fischetti
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
- Correspondence: (G.G.); (F.F.)
| | - Stefania Cataldi
- Department of Basic Medical Sciences, Neuroscience and Sense Organs, University of Study of Bari, 70124 Bari, Italy;
| | - Stefania Toselli
- Department of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy; (A.G.); (S.T.)
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11
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Gobbo LA, Langer RD, Marini E, Buffa R, Borges JH, Pascoa MA, Cirolini VX, Guerra-Júnior G, Gonçalves EM. Effect of Physical Training on Body Composition in Brazilian Military. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19031732. [PMID: 35162755 PMCID: PMC8834877 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19031732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/15/2021] [Revised: 01/24/2022] [Accepted: 01/29/2022] [Indexed: 01/10/2023]
Abstract
The military are selected on the basis of physical standards and are regularly involved in strong physical activities, also related to particular sports training. The aims of the study were to analyze the effect of a 7-month military training program on body composition variables and the suitability of specific ‘bioelectrical impedance vector analysis’ (spBIVA), compared to DXA, to detect the changes in body composition. A sample of 270 male Brazilian cadets (19.1 ± 1.1 years), composed of a group practicing military physical training routine only (MT = 155) and a group involved in a specific sport training (SMT = 115), were measured by body composition assessments (evaluated by means of DXA and spBIVA) at the beginning and the end of the military routine year. The effect of training on body composition was similar in SMT and MT groups, with an increase in LST. DXA and spBIVA were correlated, with specific resistance (Rsp) and reactance (Xcsp) positively related to fat mass (FM), FM%, LST, and lean soft tissue index (LSTI), and phase angle positively related to LST and LSTI. Body composition variations due to physical training were recognized by spBIVA: the increase in muscle mass was indicated by the phase angle and Xcsp increase, and the stability of FM% was consistent with the unchanged values of Rsp. Military training produced an increase in muscle mass, but no change in FM%, independently of the sample characteristics at baseline and the practice of additional sports. SpBIVA is a suitable technique for the assessment of body composition in military people.
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Affiliation(s)
- Luis Alberto Gobbo
- Skeletal Muscle Assessment Laboratory (LABSIM), School of Technology and Science, São Paulo State University (UNESP), Presidente Prudente 19060-900, SP, Brazil;
| | - Raquel David Langer
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (R.D.L.); (J.H.B.); (M.A.P.); (V.X.C.); (G.G.-J.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-070-675-6607
| | - Roberto Buffa
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, University of Cagliari, 09042 Monserrato, Italy;
| | - Juliano Henrique Borges
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (R.D.L.); (J.H.B.); (M.A.P.); (V.X.C.); (G.G.-J.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Mauro A. Pascoa
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (R.D.L.); (J.H.B.); (M.A.P.); (V.X.C.); (G.G.-J.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Vagner X. Cirolini
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (R.D.L.); (J.H.B.); (M.A.P.); (V.X.C.); (G.G.-J.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Gil Guerra-Júnior
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (R.D.L.); (J.H.B.); (M.A.P.); (V.X.C.); (G.G.-J.); (E.M.G.)
| | - Ezequiel Moreira Gonçalves
- Growth and Development Laboratory, Center for Investigation in Pediatrics (CIPED), School of Medical Sciences, University of Campinas (UNICAMP), Campinas 13083-887, SP, Brazil; (R.D.L.); (J.H.B.); (M.A.P.); (V.X.C.); (G.G.-J.); (E.M.G.)
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12
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Custódio Martins P, de Lima TR, Silva AM, Santos Silva DA. Association of phase angle with muscle strength and aerobic fitness in different populations: A systematic review. Nutrition 2021; 93:111489. [PMID: 34688022 DOI: 10.1016/j.nut.2021.111489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2021] [Revised: 08/30/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The aim of this study was to summarize the evidence on the association of phase angle (PhA) with muscle strength and aerobic fitness in different populations. METHODS A systematic search on this topic was performed in nine electronic databases (CINAHL, LILACS, PubMed, SciELO, Scopus, SPORTDiscus, ScienceDirect, MEDLINE, and Web of Science) in January 2021. Studies with different designs that permitted extraction of information about the relationships between PhA and muscle strength and between PhA and aerobic fitness were included. A total of 4446 studies were initially identified; 34 were included after reading of the title, abstract, full text, and references. Four of the studies included had a longitudinal design, with samples consisting of participants ages 6 to 92 years. Thirty-two of the 34 studies evaluated the relationship between PhA and muscle strength, two cross-sectional studies investigated only PhA and aerobic fitness, and three cross-sectional studies evaluated both components (muscle strength and aerobic fitness). RESULTS PhA was directly associated with muscle strength in 30 cross-sectional studies and two longitudinal studies; the two studies that did not find a direct relationship had a cross-sectional design. For aerobic fitness, the five studies identified reported a direct relationship with PhA. CONCLUSIONS PhA is directly associated with muscle strength and aerobic fitness in different age groups (children, adolescents, adults, and older adults) and in people with different health conditions (human immunodeficiency virus, Crohn's disease, chronic obstructive pulmonary disease, bariatric surgery, kidney transplant, cancer, hemodialysis, and sarcopenia).
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Affiliation(s)
- Priscila Custódio Martins
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Tiago Rodrigues de Lima
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
| | - Analiza Mónica Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, Universidade Lisboa, Cruz-Quebrada, Portugal.
| | - Diego Augusto Santos Silva
- Research Center in Kinanthropometry and Human Performance, Sports Center, Federal University of Santa Catarina, Florianópolis, Brazil.
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Abstract
The body composition phenotype of an athlete displays the complex interaction among genotype, physiological and metabolic demands of a sport, diet, and physical training. Observational studies dominate the literature and describe the sport-specific physique characteristics (size, shape, and composition) of adult athletes by gender and levels of competition. Limited data reveal how body composition measurements can benefit an athlete. Thus, the objective is to identify purposeful measurements of body composition, notably fat and lean muscle masses, and determine their impact on the health and performance of athletes. Areas of interest include relationships among total and regional body composition measurements, muscle function, sport-specific performance, risk of injury, return to sport after injury, and identification of activity-induced fluid shifts. Discussion includes the application of specific uses of dual X-ray absorptiometry and bioelectrical impedance including an emphasis on the need to minimize measurement errors and standardize protocols, and highlights opportunities for future research. This focus on functional body composition can benefit the health and optimize the performance of an athlete.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry Lukaski
- Department of Kinesiology and Public Health Education, Hyslop Sports Center, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, United States
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14
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Ribeiro AS, Schoenfeld BJ, Dos Santos L, Nunes JP, Tomeleri CM, Cunha PM, Sardinha LB, Cyrino ES. Resistance Training Improves a Cellular Health Parameter in Obese Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. J Strength Cond Res 2021; 34:2996-3002. [PMID: 30273288 DOI: 10.1519/jsc.0000000000002773] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Ribeiro, AS, Schoenfeld, BJ, dos Santos, L, Nunes, JP, Tomeleri, CM, Cunha, PM, Sardinha, LB, and Cyrino, ES. Resistance training improves a cellular health parameter in obese older women: a randomized controlled trial. J Strength Cond Res 34(10): 2996-3002, 2020-Phase angle (PhA) is a viable indicator of cellular health, with higher values reflecting better cellularity, cell membrane integrity, and cell function. Adaptive responses to resistance training (RT) on PhA may be important in obese older people. The main purpose of the present study was to investigate the effects of 8 weeks of RT on PhA in obese older women. Thirty-three obese older women (68.1 ± 5.7 years, 71.6 ± 10.1 kg, 154.5 ± 6.7 cm, 30.0 ± 4.1 kg·m, and 45.0 ± 6.0% body fat) were randomly allocated into 1 of 2 groups: a training group that performed the RT program (TG, n = 18) or a nonexercise control group (CG, n = 15). The whole-body RT consisted of an 8-week RT program involving 8 exercises performed for 3 sets of 8-12 repetitions 3 times a week. Anthropometric, body fat and fat-free mass, PhA, total body water (TBW), intracellular water (ICW), and extracellular water compartments were performed at before and after training. After the intervention period, the TG presented greater increases (p < 0.05) than CG for fat-free mass (TG = +1.3% and CG = -0.3%), TBW (TG = +2.0% and CG = -1.7%), ICW (TG = +3.1% and CG = -1.9%), and PhA (TG = +3.4% and CG = -1.4%), and lower values for percentage of body fat (TG = -1.3% and CG = +0.9%) and bioimpedance resistance (TG = -4.6% and CG = +2.3%). Our results suggest that 8 weeks of RT improves PhA-a cellular health parameter-in obese older women.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alex S Ribeiro
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Parana, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Brad J Schoenfeld
- Exercise Science Department, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, New York, NY
| | - Leandro Dos Santos
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil; and
| | - João Pedro Nunes
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil; and
| | - Crisieli M Tomeleri
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil; and
| | - Paolo M Cunha
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil; and
| | - Luis B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, University of Lisbon, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Edilson S Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil; and
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15
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Effects of Resistance Training with Different Pyramid Systems on Bioimpedance Vector Patterns, Body Composition, and Cellular Health in Older Women: A Randomized Controlled Trial. SUSTAINABILITY 2020. [DOI: 10.3390/su12166658] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) and phase angle (PhA) have been widely used to monitor changes in health-related parameters in older adults, while resistance training (RT) is one of the potential strategies to mitigate the adverse effects of aging. The purpose of this study was to compare the effects of the crescent pyramid RT system with two repetition zones on BIVA patterns and PhA. Fifty-five older women (≥60 years) were randomly assigned into three groups: control (CON, n = 18), narrow pyramid (NPR, n = 19), and wide pyramid (WPR, n = 18). The RT was performed for eight weeks, three times per week, in eight exercises for the whole body with three sets of 12/10/8 (NPR) or 15/10/5 repetitions (WPR). Bioimpedance spectroscopy (50 kHz frequency) was assessed. After the intervention period, both training groups showed significant changes in BIVA patterns compared to CON (p < 0.001); resistance decreased and reactance increased, which resulted in a BIVA-vector displacement over time (p < 0.001). Changes in PhA were greater for WPR (∆% = 10.6; effect size [ES] = 0.64) compared to NPR (∆% = 5.3; ES = 0.41) and CON (∆% = −6.4; ES = −0.40). The results suggest that the crescent pyramid RT system with both repetition zones (WPR and NPR) is effective for inducing improvements in BIVA patterns and PhA in older women, although WPR elicits greater increases in PhA than NPR.
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16
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Toselli S, Marini E, Maietta Latessa P, Benedetti L, Campa F. Maturity Related Differences in Body Composition Assessed by Classic and Specific Bioimpedance Vector Analysis among Male Elite Youth Soccer Players. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17030729. [PMID: 31979187 PMCID: PMC7036791 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17030729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2019] [Revised: 01/15/2020] [Accepted: 01/21/2020] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to analyze the efficiency of classic and specific bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in the assessment of maturity related differences in body composition among male elite youth soccer players, and to provide bioelectrical impedance reference data for this category. A group of 178 players (aged 12.1 ± 1.6 years) were registered in a professional Italian soccer team participating in the first division (Serie A). They were divided into three groups according to their maturity status while bioelectrical resistance and reactance were obtained. The classic and specific BIVA procedures were applied, which correct bioelectrical values for body height and body geometry, respectively. Percentage of fat mass (FM%) and total body water (TBW (L)) were estimated from bioelectrical values. Age-specific z-scores of the predicted age at peak height velocity identified 29 players as earlier-, 126 as on time-, and 23 as later-maturing. TBW was higher (p < 0.01) in adolescents classified as “early” maturity status compared to the other two groups and classic BIVA confirmed these results. Conversely, no differences in FM% were found among the groups. Specific vector length showed a higher correlation (r = 0.748) with FM% compared with the classic approach (r = 0.493). Classic vector length showed a stronger association (r = −0.955) with TBW compared with specific (r = −0.263). Specific BIVA turns out to be accurate for the analysis of FM% in athletes, while classic BIVA shows to be a valid approach to evaluate TBW. An original data set of bioelectric impedance reference values of male elite youth soccer players was provided.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stefania Toselli
- Departments of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Elisabetta Marini
- Department of Life and Environmental Sciences, Neuroscience and Anthropology Section, University of Cagliari, Monserrato, 09042 Cagliari, Italy;
| | | | - Luca Benedetti
- School of Pharmacy, Biotechnology and Sport Science, University of Bologna, 40126 Bologna, Italy;
| | - Francesco Campa
- Departments of Biomedical and Neuromotor Sciences, University of Bologna, 40121 Bologna, Italy;
- Department for Life Quality Studies, University of Bologna, 47921 Rimini, Italy;
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +39-3450-03-1080
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17
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Nabuco HCG, Tomeleri CM, Sugihara P, Fernandes RR, Cavalcante EF, Dos Santos L, Silva AM, Sardinha LB, Cyrino ES. Effect of whey protein supplementation combined with resistance training on cellular health in pre-conditioned older women: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. Arch Gerontol Geriatr 2019; 82:232-237. [PMID: 30870778 DOI: 10.1016/j.archger.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/07/2019] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
Abstract
AIM The purpose of study was to analyze the effects of a combined whey protein (WP) and RT intervention on cellular health in pre-conditioned older women. METHODS The protocol is a randomized controlled clinical trial with a sample of seventy older women, divided into 3 groups: WP-placebo (WP-PLA, n = 24), placebo-WP (PLA-WP, n = 23), and placebo-placebo (PLA-PLA, n = 23). Each group drank 35 g of product (placebo or WP) pre- and post- training. The RT program was carried out over 12 weeks (3x/week; 3 × 8-12 repetitions maximum). Total body water (TBW), intra (ICW) and extracellular (ECW) water, resistance (R), reactance (Xc), and phase angle (PhA) assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy. Lean soft tissue (LST) was measured using dual energy X-ray absorptiometry; and food consumption was assessed by means of the average of two 24-hour recalls. ANCOVA for repeated measures was applied for comparisons, with baseline scores used as covariates. RESULTS A group by time interaction (P < 0.05) was observed for LST, ICW and the ECW/ICW ratio. There was a time effect (P < 0.05) for TBW, Xc, and PhA. A reduction (P <0.05) in R was found only in the WP-PLA and PLA-WP groups. CONCLUSION Whey protein supplementation (pre- or post-) combined with RT promoted an increase in ICW and LST, and also a reduction in ECW/ICW ratio in pre-conditioned older women. Regardless of the supplementation intake, the RT regimen improved PhA in older adult women. This trial was registered at ClinicalTrials.gov: NCT03247192.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hellen C G Nabuco
- Federal Institute of Science and Technology of Mato Grosso, Highway BR-364, Km 329, Cuiabá, Mato Grosso, 78106-970, Brazil; Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Crisieli M Tomeleri
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil; Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas, Érico Veríssimo Avenue, Campinas, São Paulo, 13083-970, Brazil.
| | - Paulo Sugihara
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Rodrigo R Fernandes
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Edilaine F Cavalcante
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Leandro Dos Santos
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
| | - Analiza M Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, 1499-002, Portugal.
| | - Luís B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculdade de Motricidade Humana, Universidade de Lisboa, Estrada da Costa, Cruz Quebrada, Dafundo, 1499-002, Portugal.
| | - Edilson S Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Highway Celso Garcia Cid, Londrina, Paraná, 86057-970, Brazil.
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18
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Representative body composition percentiles from bioelectrical impedance analyses among children and adolescents. The MoMo study. Clin Nutr 2018; 38:2712-2720. [PMID: 30554799 DOI: 10.1016/j.clnu.2018.11.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/18/2018] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND & AIMS With high prevalence of overweight and obesity in developed countries, the assessment of body composition in children and adolescents is of growing interest. The aim of this study was (i) to provide up-to-date population wide percentiles for meaningful diagnostic bioelectrical impedance outcome parameters and (ii) to specify reference values for these measures in a normal weight subpopulation. METHODS A representative nationwide sample of 4 to 24-year-old children and adolescents (n = 3593) was drawn out of 167 primary sample points across Germany from 2009 to 2012 (Motorik-Modul study wave 1). Fat free mass index (FFMI), fat mass index (FMI), body cell mass index (BCMI) and phase angle (PA) were derived from four electrodes 50 kHz bioelectrical impedance analyses. Sex-specific percentiles were calculated using the LMS-method for the total study population and a normal weight subsample (defined according to the international BMI-standard by Cole). RESULTS Percentile curves for body composition parameters are similar between boys and girls until puberty. Subsequently, girls show a higher FMI than boys, and boys increase their FFM, BCM, and PA time-shifted, in that order. Differences in FMI between the overall and the normal weight sample increase with age, showing an age-dependent prevalence for overweight and obesity among the representative German sample. CONCLUSIONS Results from the normal weight sample can be used as reference values to define a healthy body composition. Differences in body composition between the representative German sample and the normal weight subsample reveal a high prevalence of elevated fat mass in the population of children and adolescents living in Germany.
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McAdam J, McGinnis K, Ory R, Young K, Frugé AD, Roberts M, Sefton J. Estimation of energy balance and training volume during Army Initial Entry Training. J Int Soc Sports Nutr 2018; 15:55. [PMID: 30486851 PMCID: PMC6264031 DOI: 10.1186/s12970-018-0262-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2018] [Accepted: 11/11/2018] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Adequate dietary intake is important for promoting adaptation and prevention of musculoskeletal injury in response to large volumes of physical training such as Army Initial Entry Training (IET). The purpose of this study was to evaluate training volume and dietary intake and estimate energy balance in Army IET soldiers. METHODS Dietary intake was assessed by collecting diet logs for three meals on each of three, non-consecutive days during the first week of IET. Training volume was measured across 13 weeks of training using Actigraph wGT3X accelerometers. Training intensity was classified using Sasaki vector magnitude three cut points. Energy expenditure estimates were calculated during weeks two and three of training using the modified Harris-Benedict equation and by estimation of active energy expenditure using metabolic equivalents for each classification of physical activity. All data is presented as mean ± standard deviation. RESULTS A total of 111 male soldiers (ht. = ± 173 ± 5.8 cm, age = 19 ± 2 years, mass = 71.6. ± 12.4 kg) completed diet logs and were monitored with Actigraphs. IET soldiers performed on average 273 ± 62 min low, 107 ± 42 min moderate, 26 ± 22 min vigorous, and 10 ± 21 min of very vigorous intensity physical activity daily across 13 weeks. The estimated total daily energy expenditure was on average 3238 ± 457 kcals/d during weeks two and three of IET. Compared to week one caloric intake, there was a caloric deficit of 595 ± 896 kcals/d on average during weeks two and three of IET. Regression analysis showed that body weight was a significant predictor for negative energy balance (adj. R2 = 0.54, p < 0.001), whereby a 1 kg increase in body mass was associated with a 53 kcal energy deficit. CONCLUSIONS Based on week one dietary assessment, IET soldiers did not consume adequate calories and nutrients to meet training needs during red phase (weeks one through three). This may directly affect soldier performance and injury frequency. IET soldiers undergo rigorous training, and these data may help direct future guidelines for adequate nourishment to optimize soldier health and performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jeremy McAdam
- Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Kaitlin McGinnis
- Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Rian Ory
- Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Kaelin Young
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (Auburn Campus), Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Andrew D Frugé
- Department of Nutrition, Dietetics, and Hospitality Management, College of Human Sciences, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - Michael Roberts
- Molecular and Applied Sciences Laboratory, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.,Department of Cell Biology and Physiology, Edward Via College of Osteopathic Medicine (Auburn Campus), Auburn, AL, 36849, USA
| | - JoEllen Sefton
- Warrior Research Center, School of Kinesiology, Auburn University, 301 Wire Road, Auburn, AL, 36849, USA.
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Ribeiro AS, Nascimento MA, Schoenfeld BJ, Nunes JP, Aguiar AF, Cavalcante EF, Silva AM, Sardinha LB, Fleck SJ, Cyrino ES. Effects of Single Set Resistance Training With Different Frequencies on a Cellular Health Indicator in Older Women. J Aging Phys Act 2018; 26:537-543. [PMID: 29182426 DOI: 10.1123/japa.2017-0258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 08/04/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to compare the effects of resistance training (RT) performed two versus three times per week on phase angle (a cellular health indicator) in older women. A total of 39 women (69.1 ± 5.5 years) were randomly assigned to perform a RT program two (G2X) or three (G3X) days per week for 12 weeks. The RT was a whole-body program (eight exercises, one set, 10-15 repetitions). Phase angle, resistance, reactance, and total body water were assessed by bioimpedance spectroscopy. Intracellular water, reactance, and phase angle increased significantly in G2X (2.1%, 3.0%, and 5.6%, respectively) and G3X (5.0%, 6.9%, and 10.3%, respectively) from pretraining to posttraining, with no significant difference between groups. Bioimpedance resistance decreased similarly in both groups (G2X = -1.7% vs. G3X = -3.2%). We conclude that a single set RT program with a frequency of 2 days per week may be sufficient to promote an improvement in cellular health in older women.
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21
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Bioimpedance analysis as an indicator of muscle mass and strength in a group of elderly subjects. Exp Gerontol 2018; 113:113-119. [PMID: 30278217 DOI: 10.1016/j.exger.2018.09.025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/08/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 09/26/2018] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the association between whole-body and calf impedance vectors and muscle mass and strength in a group of elderly individuals. MATERIAL AND METHODS We carried out a cross-sectional observational study on a sample of 113 elderly people. Anthropometric parameters (weight, height and body circumferences) were determined. Body composition was evaluated using conventional bioimpedance analysis (BIA) and vector bioimpedance analysis (BIVA) (whole-body and calf BIVAs), and muscle strength was determined (manual dynamometry). The results were analyzed using the Student t-test or the Mann-Whitney U, and the correlations using the Pearson or Spearman test. To compare BIVA results among the subgroups established, the Mahalanobis distance (dM) was calculated and the Hotelling T2 statistic was used. Statistical significance was set to p < 0.05. RESULTS Nearly half the sample was overweight. Based on waist circumference, 66.7% of the males and 94.9% of the females showed risk of metabolic complications; calf circumference indicated no risk of disability or skeletal muscle mass depletion. However, BIA and dynamometry detected risk of sarcopenia in more than half the subjects. Whole-body BIVA results agreed with those of the BIA, given that most impedance vectors in both sexes were to the right of major axis of the tolerance ellipses. This shows cell mass depletion. While the whole-body BIVA distinguished the subjects having loss of muscle mass and strength, the specific BIVA (calf) only did so in individuals with muscle mass loss. CONCLUSIONS Whole-body BIVA detects loss of muscle mass and strength, while calf BIVA only distinguishes subjects having muscle mass loss. The localized BIVA might be an alternative to conventional BIA or whole-body BIVA to assess body composition in the elderly.
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22
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Tomeleri CM, Ribeiro AS, Cavaglieri CR, Deminice R, Schoenfeld BJ, Schiavoni D, Dos Santos L, de Souza MF, Antunes M, Venturini D, Barbosa DS, Sardinha LB, Cyrino ES. Correlations between resistance training-induced changes on phase angle and biochemical markers in older women. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2018; 28:2173-2182. [PMID: 29858504 DOI: 10.1111/sms.13232] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 05/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Abstract
The main purpose of this study was to investigate the effects of 12 weeks of resistance training (RT) on phase angle (PhA), inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, and to evaluate whether these RT-induced adaptations are related to PhA changes. Fifty-one older women (70.6 ± 5.1 years; 26.9 ± 4.2 kg/m2 ) were randomly allocated into a training group (TG) that performed 12-week RT or a nonexercising control group (CG). The PhA (Xitron), body composition (DXA), and blood sample measurements (after a 12 hours fast) were performed before and after the intervention. The TG showed a significant (P < .05) increase in PhA (TG: +7.4±5.9% vs CG: -3.6 ± 8.8%), and interleukin-10 (IL-10; TG: +51.8 ± 71.1% vs CG: -46.6 ± 38.0%), and a decrease in tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α; TG: -15.2 ± 11.1% vs CG: +6.9±17.7%), interleukin-6 (IL-6; TG: -17.9 ± 17.8% vs CG: +6.1 ± 24.8%), and C-reactive protein (CRP; TG: -24.1 ± 19.9% vs CG: +43.8 ± 31.1%). Moreover, TG upregulated catalase (TG: +11.4 ± 15.0% vs CG: -6.7 ± 10.2%). Changes in TNF-α (r = -.71), CRP (r = -.65), lower advanced oxidation protein products (r = -.55), and catalase (r = +.73) after RT were correlated with changes in PhA (P < .05). These results suggest that RT improves PhA, inflammatory and oxidative stress biomarkers, and the changes in inflammatory and oxidative damage markers are correlated with changes in PhA.
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Affiliation(s)
- C M Tomeleri
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.,Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
| | - A S Ribeiro
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.,Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Parana, Londrina, Brazil
| | - C R Cavaglieri
- Exercise Physiology Laboratory, Faculty of Physical Education, University of Campinas-Unicamp, Campinas, Brazil
| | - R Deminice
- Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
| | - B J Schoenfeld
- Exercise Science Department, CUNY Lehman College, Bronx, New York
| | - D Schiavoni
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - L Dos Santos
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - M F de Souza
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Federal University of Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - M Antunes
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - D Venturini
- Clinical Analyses Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - D S Barbosa
- Clinical Analyses Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - L B Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, Faculdade Motricidade Humana, CIPER, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - E S Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil.,Department of Physical Education, Faculty of Physical Education and Sport, State University of Londrina, Londrina, PR, Brazil
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23
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Castizo-Olier J, Irurtia A, Jemni M, Carrasco-Marginet M, Fernández-García R, Rodríguez FA. Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) in sport and exercise: Systematic review and future perspectives. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0197957. [PMID: 29879146 PMCID: PMC5991700 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0197957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/06/2017] [Accepted: 05/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) is a general concept that includes all methodologies used in the analysis of the bioelectrical vector, whereas the "classic" BIVA is a patented methodology included among these methods of analysis. Once this was clarified, the systematic review of the literature provides a deeper insight into the scope and range of application of BIVA in sport and exercise. Objective The main goal of this work was to systematically review the sources on the applications of BIVA in sport and exercise and to examine its usefulness and suitability as a technique for the evaluation of body composition, hydration status, and other physiological and clinical relevant characteristics, ultimately to trace future perspectives in this growing area, including a proposal for a research agenda. Methods Systematic literature searches in PubMed, SPORTDiscus and Scopus databases up to July, 2017 were conducted on any empirical investigations using phase-sensitive bioimpedance instruments to perform BIVA within exercise and sport contexts. The search included healthy sedentary individuals, physically active subjects and athletes. Result Nineteen eligible papers were included and classified as sixteen original articles and three scientific conference communications. Three studies analysed short-term variations in the hydration status evoked by exercise/training through whole-body measurements, eleven assessed whole-body body composition changes induced by long-term exercise, four compared athletic groups or populations using the whole-body assessment, and two analysed bioelectrical patterns of athletic injuries or muscle damage through localised bioimpedance measurements. Conclusions BIVA is a relatively new technique that has potential in sport and exercise, especially for the assessment of soft-tissue injury. On the other hand, the current tolerance ellipses of “classic” BIVA are not a valid method to identify dehydration in individual athletes and a new approach is needed. “Specific” BIVA, a method which proposes a correction of bioelectrical values for body geometry, emerges as the key to overcome “classic” BIVA limitations regarding the body composition assessment. Further research establishing standardised testing procedures and investigating the relationship between physiology and the bioelectrical signal in sport and exercise is needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jorge Castizo-Olier
- INEFC-Barcelona Sport Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan School of Kinanthropometry, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Alfredo Irurtia
- INEFC-Barcelona Sport Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan School of Kinanthropometry, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- * E-mail:
| | - Monèm Jemni
- Department of Sport Science, Qatar University, Doha, Qatar
| | - Marta Carrasco-Marginet
- INEFC-Barcelona Sport Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
- Catalan School of Kinanthropometry, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
| | - Raúl Fernández-García
- Department of Electronic Engineering, Polytechnic University of Catalonia, Barcelona, Spain
| | - Ferran A. Rodríguez
- INEFC-Barcelona Sport Sciences Research Group, National Institute of Physical Education of Catalonia (INEFC), University of Barcelona (UB), Barcelona, Spain
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Lukaski HC, Kyle UG, Kondrup J. Assessment of adult malnutrition and prognosis with bioelectrical impedance analysis: phase angle and impedance ratio. Curr Opin Clin Nutr Metab Care 2017; 20:330-339. [PMID: 28548972 DOI: 10.1097/mco.0000000000000387] [Citation(s) in RCA: 231] [Impact Index Per Article: 33.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW Malnutrition affects prognosis in many groups of patients. Although screening tools are available to identify adults at risk for poor nutritional status, a need exists to improve the assessment of malnutrition by identifying the loss of functional tissues that can lead to frailty, compromised physical function, and increased risk of morbidity and mortality, particularly among hospitalized and ill patients and older adults. Bioimpedance analysis (BIA) offers a practical approach to identify malnutrition and prognosis by assessing whole-body cell membrane quality and depicting fluid distribution for an individual. RECENT FINDINGS Two novel applications of BIA afford opportunities to safely, rapidly, and noninvasively assess nutritional status and prognosis. One method utilizes single-frequency phase-sensitive measurements to determine phase angle, evaluate nutritional status, and relate it to prognosis, mortality, and functional outcomes. Another approach uses the ratio of multifrequency impedance values to indicate altered fluid distribution and predict prognosis. SUMMARY Use of basic BIA measurements, independent of use of regression prediction models and assumptions of constant chemical composition of the fat-free body, enables new options for practical assessment and clinical evaluation of impaired nutritional status and prognosis among hospitalized patients and elders that potentially can contribute to improved patient care and clinical outcomes. However, these novel applications have some technical and physiological limitations that should be considered.
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Affiliation(s)
- Henry C Lukaski
- aDepartment of Kinesiology & Public Health Education, University of North Dakota, Grand Forks, North Dakota bNutrition Consultant Services, The Woodlands, Texas, USA cClinical Nutrition Unit, Rigshospitalet University Hospital, Copenhagen, Denmark
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25
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Ribeiro AS, Schoenfeld BJ, Souza MF, Tomeleri CM, Silva AM, Teixeira DC, Sardinha LB, Cyrino ES. Resistance training prescription with different load-management methods improves phase angle in older women. Eur J Sport Sci 2017; 17:913-921. [PMID: 28394730 DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2017.1310932] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Alex S. Ribeiro
- Center for Research in Health Sciences, University of Northern Paraná, Londrina, Brazil
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | | | - Mariana F. Souza
- Physical Education Department, Universidade Federal do Vale do São Francisco, Petrolina, Brazil
| | - Crisieli M. Tomeleri
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Analiza M. Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Denílson C. Teixeira
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
| | - Luís B. Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory, CIPER, Faculty of Human Kinetics, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Edilson S. Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center, Londrina State University, Londrina, Brazil
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26
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Souza MF, Tomeleri CM, Ribeiro AS, Schoenfeld BJ, Silva AM, Sardinha LB, Cyrino ES. Effect of resistance training on phase angle in older women: A randomized controlled trial. Scand J Med Sci Sports 2016; 27:1308-1316. [PMID: 27541287 DOI: 10.1111/sms.12745] [Citation(s) in RCA: 60] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 07/12/2016] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M. F. Souza
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center; Londrina State University; Londrina Parana Brazil
| | - C. M. Tomeleri
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center; Londrina State University; Londrina Parana Brazil
| | - A. S. Ribeiro
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center; Londrina State University; Londrina Parana Brazil
| | - B. J. Schoenfeld
- Exercise Science Department; CUNY Lehman College; Bronx New York USA
| | - A. M. Silva
- Exercise and Health Laboratory; CIPER; Faculty of Human Kinetics; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - L. B. Sardinha
- Exercise and Health Laboratory; CIPER; Faculty of Human Kinetics; Universidade de Lisboa; Lisbon Portugal
| | - E. S. Cyrino
- Metabolism, Nutrition, and Exercise Laboratory, Physical Education and Sport Center; Londrina State University; Londrina Parana Brazil
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27
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Bioelectrical Impedance Vector Analysis and Muscular Fitness in Healthy Men. Nutrients 2016; 8:nu8070407. [PMID: 27384579 PMCID: PMC4963883 DOI: 10.3390/nu8070407] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 06/22/2016] [Accepted: 06/29/2016] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Muscle strength can define the general muscular fitness (MF) measurable through hand-grip strength (HG), which is a factor that relates to the health of people of different ages. In this study we evaluated the muscle strength together with a bioimpedance electric analysis in 223 healthy Colombian adult subjects. The bioelectrical impedance vector analysis (BIVA) was conducted to determine the resistance (R), reactance (Xc) and phase angle (PhA). We classified the subjects into three groups (for tertiles), obtaining lower values of R and Xc in subjects with lower HG, plus a high correlation between PhA and HG. An increase in the level of PhA is associated with a high level of MF in a sample of healthy Latin American adult men. The BIVA's parameters and PhA are a potentially effective preventive measure to be integrated into routine screening in the clinical setting.
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