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Zhao X, Hao T, Sang J, Xia M, Li L, Ge RS, Chen C. Human and rat gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases are suppressed by dithiocarbamate fungicides via interacting with cysteine residues. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2024; 283:116852. [PMID: 39142049 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2024.116852] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2023] [Revised: 08/03/2024] [Accepted: 08/06/2024] [Indexed: 08/16/2024]
Abstract
Dithiocarbamates have been widely used in various industrial applications, such as insecticides (ferbam) or drug (disulfiram). This study explored the inhibitory effects of dithiocarbamates on human and rat gonadal 3β-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenases (3β-HSD) and investigated the structure-activity relationship and mechanistic insights. The inhibitory activity of six dithiocarbamates and thiourea on the conversion of pregnenolone to progesterone was evaluated using human KGN cell and rat testicular microsomes, with subsequent progesterone measurement using HPLC-MS/MS. The study found that among the tested compounds disulfiram, ferbam, and thiram exhibited significant inhibitory activity against human 3β-HSD2 and rat 3β-HSD1, with ferbam demonstrating the highest potency. The mode of action for these compounds was characterized, showing mixed inhibition for human 3β-HSD2 and mixed/noncompetitive inhibition for rat 3β-HSD1. Additionally, it was observed that dithiothreitol dose-dependently reversed the inhibitory effects of dithiocarbamates on both human and rat gonadal 3β-HSD enzymes. The study also delved into the penetration of these dithiocarbamates through the human KGN cell membrane and their impact on progesterone production, highlighting their potency in inhibiting human 3β-HSD2. Furthermore, bivariate correlation analysis revealed a positive correlation of LogP (lipophilicity) with IC50 values for both enzymes. Docking analysis indicated that dithiocarbamates bind to NAD+ and steroid-binding sites, with some interactions with cysteine residues. In conclusion, this study provides valuable insights into the structure-activity relationship and mechanistic aspects of dithiocarbamates as inhibitors of human and rat gonadal 3β-HSDs, suggesting that these compounds likely exert their inhibitory effects through binding to cysteine residues.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xin Zhao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325000, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, and Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Ting Hao
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Jianmin Sang
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China
| | - Miaomiao Xia
- Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China
| | - Linxi Li
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China.
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Department of Anesthesiology and Perioperative Medicine, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Pediatric Anesthesiology, Ministry of Education, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Anesthesiology of Zhejiang Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325027, China; Key Laboratory of Environment and Male Reproductive Medicine of Wenzhou, and Key Laboratory of Structural Malformations in Children of Zhejiang Province, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China.
| | - Congde Chen
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang 325000, China; Key Laboratory of Children Genitourinary Diseases of Wenzhou, the Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Zhejiang 325000, China.
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Preziuso A, Piccirillo S, Cerqueni G, Serfilippi T, Terenzi V, Vinciguerra A, Orciani M, Amoroso S, Magi S, Lariccia V. Exploring the Role of NCX1 and NCX3 in an In Vitro Model of Metabolism Impairment: Potential Neuroprotective Targets for Alzheimer's Disease. BIOLOGY 2023; 12:1005. [PMID: 37508434 PMCID: PMC10376230 DOI: 10.3390/biology12071005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2023] [Revised: 07/10/2023] [Accepted: 07/10/2023] [Indexed: 07/30/2023]
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a widespread neurodegenerative disorder, affecting a large number of elderly individuals worldwide. Mitochondrial dysfunction, metabolic alterations, and oxidative stress are regarded as cooperating drivers of the progression of AD. In particular, metabolic impairment amplifies the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS), resulting in detrimental alterations to intracellular Ca2+ regulatory processes. The Na+/Ca2+ exchanger (NCX) proteins are key pathophysiological determinants of Ca2+ and Na+ homeostasis, operating at both the plasma membrane and mitochondria levels. Our study aimed to explore the role of NCX1 and NCX3 in retinoic acid (RA) differentiated SH-SY5Y cells treated with glyceraldehyde (GA), to induce impairment of the default glucose metabolism that typically precedes Aβ deposition or Tau protein phosphorylation in AD. By using an RNA interference-mediated approach to silence either NCX1 or NCX3 expression, we found that, in GA-treated cells, the knocking-down of NCX3 ameliorated cell viability, increased the intracellular ATP production, and reduced the oxidative damage. Remarkably, NCX3 silencing also prevented the enhancement of Aβ and pTau levels and normalized the GA-induced decrease in NCX reverse-mode activity. By contrast, the knocking-down of NCX1 was totally ineffective in preventing GA-induced cytotoxicity except for the increase in ATP synthesis. These findings indicate that NCX3 and NCX1 may differently influence the evolution of AD pathology fostered by glucose metabolic dysfunction, thus providing a potential target for preventing AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alessandra Preziuso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Silvia Piccirillo
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Giorgia Cerqueni
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Tiziano Serfilippi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Valentina Terenzi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Antonio Vinciguerra
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Monia Orciani
- Department of Clinical and Molecular Sciences-Histology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Salvatore Amoroso
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Simona Magi
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
| | - Vincenzo Lariccia
- Department of Biomedical Sciences and Public Health-Pharmacology, School of Medicine, University "Politecnica delle Marche", Via Tronto 10/A, 60126 Ancona, Italy
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Behl T, Madaan P, Sehgal A, Singh S, Makeen HA, Albratty M, Alhazmi HA, Meraya AM, Bungau S. Demystifying the Neuroprotective Role of Neuropeptides in Parkinson's Disease: A Newfangled and Eloquent Therapeutic Perspective. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23094565. [PMID: 35562956 PMCID: PMC9099669 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23094565] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Revised: 04/17/2022] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) refers to one of the eminently grievous, preponderant, tortuous nerve-cell-devastating ailments that markedly impacts the dopaminergic (DArgic) nerve cells of the midbrain region, namely the substantia nigra pars compacta (SN-PC). Even though the exact etiopathology of the ailment is yet indefinite, the existing corroborations have suggested that aging, genetic predisposition, and environmental toxins tremendously influence the PD advancement. Additionally, pathophysiological mechanisms entailed in PD advancement encompass the clumping of α-synuclein inside the lewy bodies (LBs) and lewy neurites, oxidative stress, apoptosis, neuronal-inflammation, and abnormalities in the operation of mitochondria, autophagy lysosomal pathway (ALP), and ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS). The ongoing therapeutic approaches can merely mitigate the PD-associated manifestations, but until now, no therapeutic candidate has been depicted to fully arrest the disease advancement. Neuropeptides (NPs) are little, protein-comprehending additional messenger substances that are typically produced and liberated by nerve cells within the entire nervous system. Numerous NPs, for instance, substance P (SP), ghrelin, neuropeptide Y (NPY), neurotensin, pituitary adenylate cyclase-activating polypeptide (PACAP), nesfatin-1, and somatostatin, have been displayed to exhibit consequential neuroprotection in both in vivo and in vitro PD models via suppressing apoptosis, cytotoxicity, oxidative stress, inflammation, autophagy, neuronal toxicity, microglia stimulation, attenuating disease-associated manifestations, and stimulating chondriosomal bioenergetics. The current scrutiny is an effort to illuminate the neuroprotective action of NPs in various PD-experiencing models. The authors carried out a methodical inspection of the published work procured through reputable online portals like PubMed, MEDLINE, EMBASE, and Frontier, by employing specific keywords in the subject of our article. Additionally, the manuscript concentrates on representing the pathways concerned in bringing neuroprotective action of NPs in PD. In sum, NPs exert substantial neuroprotection through regulating paramount pathways indulged in PD advancement, and consequently, might be a newfangled and eloquent perspective in PD therapy.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tapan Behl
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.)
| | - Piyush Madaan
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Aayush Sehgal
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Sukhbir Singh
- Chitkara College of Pharmacy, Chitkara University, Rajpura 140401, India; (P.M.); (A.S.); (S.S.)
| | - Hafiz A. Makeen
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Mohammed Albratty
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (H.A.A.)
| | - Hassan A. Alhazmi
- Department of Pharmaceutical Chemistry, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (M.A.); (H.A.A.)
- Substance Abuse and Toxicology Research Center, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdulkarim M. Meraya
- Pharmacy Practice Research Unit, Department of Clinical Pharmacy, College of Pharmacy, Jazan University, Jazan 45142, Saudi Arabia; (H.A.M.); (A.M.M.)
| | - Simona Bungau
- Department of Pharmacy, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Doctoral School of Biomedical Sciences, University of Oradea, 410028 Oradea, Romania
- Correspondence: (T.B.); (S.B.)
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Costas-Ferreira C, Faro LRF. Systematic Review of Calcium Channels and Intracellular Calcium Signaling: Relevance to Pesticide Neurotoxicity. Int J Mol Sci 2021; 22:ijms222413376. [PMID: 34948173 PMCID: PMC8704302 DOI: 10.3390/ijms222413376] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/09/2021] [Revised: 12/06/2021] [Accepted: 12/08/2021] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Pesticides of different chemical classes exert their toxic effects on the nervous system by acting on the different regulatory mechanisms of calcium (Ca2+) homeostasis. Pesticides have been shown to alter Ca2+ homeostasis, mainly by increasing its intracellular concentration above physiological levels. The pesticide-induced Ca2+ overload occurs through two main mechanisms: the entry of Ca2+ from the extracellular medium through the different types of Ca2+ channels present in the plasma membrane or its release into the cytoplasm from intracellular stocks, mainly from the endoplasmic reticulum. It has also been observed that intracellular increases in the Ca2+ concentrations are maintained over time, because pesticides inhibit the enzymes involved in reducing its levels. Thus, the alteration of Ca2+ levels can lead to the activation of various signaling pathways that generate oxidative stress, neuroinflammation and, finally, neuronal death. In this review, we also discuss some proposed strategies to counteract the detrimental effects of pesticides on Ca2+ homeostasis.
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Miller DR, Guenther DT, Maurer AP, Hansen CA, Zalesky A, Khoshbouei H. Dopamine Transporter Is a Master Regulator of Dopaminergic Neural Network Connectivity. J Neurosci 2021; 41:5453-5470. [PMID: 33980544 PMCID: PMC8221606 DOI: 10.1523/jneurosci.0223-21.2021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2021] [Revised: 04/19/2021] [Accepted: 05/01/2021] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Dopaminergic neurons of the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and ventral tegmental area (VTA) exhibit spontaneous firing activity. The dopaminergic neurons in these regions have been shown to exhibit differential sensitivity to neuronal loss and psychostimulants targeting dopamine transporter. However, it remains unclear whether these regional differences scale beyond individual neuronal activity to regional neuronal networks. Here, we used live-cell calcium imaging to show that network connectivity greatly differs between SNC and VTA regions with higher incidence of hub-like neurons in the VTA. Specifically, the frequency of hub-like neurons was significantly lower in SNC than in the adjacent VTA, consistent with the interpretation of a lower network resilience to SNC neuronal loss. We tested this hypothesis, in DAT-cre/loxP-GCaMP6f mice of either sex, when activity of an individual dopaminergic neuron is suppressed, through whole-cell patch clamp electrophysiology, in either SNC or VTA networks. Neuronal loss in the SNC increased network clustering, whereas the larger number of hub-neurons in the VTA overcompensated by decreasing network clustering in the VTA. We further show that network properties are regulatable via a dopamine transporter but not a D2 receptor dependent mechanism. Our results demonstrate novel regulatory mechanisms of functional network topology in dopaminergic brain regions.SIGNIFICANCE STATEMENT In this work, we begin to untangle the differences in complex network properties between the substantia nigra pars compacta (SNC) and VTA, that may underlie differential sensitivity between regions. The methods and analysis employed provide a springboard for investigations of network topology in multiple deep brain structures and disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Douglas R Miller
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Dylan T Guenther
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Andrew P Maurer
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Carissa A Hansen
- Department of Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, Florida
| | - Andrew Zalesky
- Melbourne Neuropsychiatry Centre, The University of Melbourne and Melbourne Health, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, Melbourne School of Engineering, The University of Melbourne, Melbourne, Victoria 3010, Australia
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Hussain N, Pu H, Hussain A, Sun DW. Rapid detection of ziram residues in apple and pear fruits by SERS based on octanethiol functionalized bimetallic core-shell nanoparticles. SPECTROCHIMICA ACTA. PART A, MOLECULAR AND BIOMOLECULAR SPECTROSCOPY 2020; 236:118357. [PMID: 32375074 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2020.118357] [Citation(s) in RCA: 44] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 04/08/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Existing approaches for the screening of unsafe materials in food matrices are time-consuming, tiresome and destructive in nature. Therefore, in the current study, a surface-enhanced Raman spectroscopy (SERS) method based on octanethiol-functionalized core-shell nanoparticles (Oct/Au@AgNPs) was established for rapid detection of ziram in apple and pear fruits. The morphology of substrate was evaluated using high-resolution TEM images and superimposed HAADF-STEM-EDS elemental mapping images, which confirmed that Au@AgNPs having gold (Au) core size of 28 nm in diameter and silver (Ag) shell of 5.5 nm in thickness were successfully grafted with octanethiol. The SERS method with the sensitive nanoparticles could detect ziram of up to 0.015 and 0.016 ppm in apple and pear with high coefficients of determination (R2) of 0.9987 and 0.9993, respectively. Furthermore, satisfactory recoveries (80-106%) were also accomplished for the fungicide in real samples. This work demonstrated that the functionalized silver-coated gold nanoparticles were easy to prepare and could be used as sensitive SERS platforms for monitoring of other agrochemicals in foods.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nisar Hussain
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Hongbin Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Abid Hussain
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China
| | - Da-Wen Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou 510641, China; Academy of Contemporary Food Engineering, South China University of Technology, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Center, Guangzhou 510006, China; Engineering and Technological Research Centre of Guangdong Province on Intelligent Sensing and Process Control of Cold Chain Foods, & Guangdong Province Engineering Laboratory for Intelligent Cold Chain Logistics Equipment for Agricultural Products, Guangzhou Higher Education Mega Centre, Guangzhou 510006, China; Food Refrigeration and Computerized Food Technology, University College Dublin, National University of Ireland, Agriculture and Food Science Centre, Belfield, Dublin 4, Ireland.
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Comparative study of the effects of ziram and disulfiram on human monocyte-derived macrophage functions and polarization: involvement of zinc. Cell Biol Toxicol 2020; 37:379-400. [PMID: 32712770 DOI: 10.1007/s10565-020-09540-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 06/03/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Ziram, a zinc dithiocarbamate is widely used worldwide as a fungicide in agriculture. In order to investigate ziram-induced changes in macrophage functions and polarization, human monocytes-derived macrophages in culture were treated with ziram at 0.01-10 μmol.L-1 for 4-24 h. To characterize zinc involvement in these changes, we also determined the effects of disulfiram alone (dithiocarbamate without zinc) or in co-incubation with ZnSO4. We have shown that ziram and disulfiram at 0.01 μmol.L-1 increased zymosan phagocytosis. In contrast, ziram at 10 μmol.L-1 completely inhibited this phagocytic process, the oxidative burst triggered by zymosan and the production of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, and CCL2 triggered by LPS. Disulfiram had the same effects on these macrophages functions only when combined with zinc (10 μmol.L-1). In contrast, at 10 μmol.L-1 ziram and zinc associated-disulfiram induced expression of several antioxidants genes HMOX1, SOD2, and catalase, which could suggest the induction of oxidative stress. This oxidative stress could be involved in the increase in late apoptosis induced by ziram (10 μmol.L-1) and zinc associated-disulfiram. Concerning gene expression profiles of membrane markers of macrophage polarization, ziram at 10 μmol.L-1 had two opposite effects. It inhibited the gene expression of M2 markers (CD36, CD163) in the same way as the disulfiram-zinc co-treatment. Conversely, ziram induced gene expression of other M2 markers CD209, CD11b, and CD16 in the same way as treatment with zinc alone. Disulfiram-zinc association had no significant effects on these markers. These results taken together show that ziram via zinc modulates macrophages to M2-like anti-inflammatory phenotype which is often associated with various diseases.
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The environmental toxicant ziram enhances neurotransmitter release and increases neuronal excitability via the EAG family of potassium channels. Neurobiol Dis 2020; 143:104977. [PMID: 32553709 DOI: 10.1016/j.nbd.2020.104977] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/29/2020] [Revised: 06/11/2020] [Accepted: 06/13/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Environmental toxicants have the potential to contribute to the pathophysiology of multiple complex diseases, but the underlying mechanisms remain obscure. One such toxicant is the widely used fungicide ziram, a dithiocarbamate known to have neurotoxic effects and to increase the risk of Parkinson's disease. We have used Drosophila melanogaster as an unbiased discovery tool to identify novel molecular pathways by which ziram may disrupt neuronal function. Consistent with previous results in mammalian cells, we find that ziram increases the probability of synaptic vesicle release by dysregulation of the ubiquitin signaling system. In addition, we find that ziram increases neuronal excitability. Using a combination of live imaging and electrophysiology, we find that ziram increases excitability in both aminergic and glutamatergic neurons. This increased excitability is phenocopied and occluded by null mutant animals of the ether a-go-go (eag) potassium channel. A pharmacological inhibitor of the temperature sensitive hERG (human ether-a-go-go related gene) phenocopies the excitability effects of ziram but only at elevated temperatures. seizure (sei), a fly ortholog of hERG, is thus another candidate target of ziram. Taken together, the eag family of potassium channels emerges as a candidate for mediating some of the toxic effects of ziram. We propose that ziram may contribute to the risk of complex human diseases by blockade of human eag and sei orthologs, such as hERG.
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Cao F, Souders Ii CL, Perez-Rodriguez V, Martyniuk CJ. Elucidating Conserved Transcriptional Networks Underlying Pesticide Exposure and Parkinson's Disease: A Focus on Chemicals of Epidemiological Relevance. Front Genet 2019; 9:701. [PMID: 30740124 PMCID: PMC6355689 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2018.00701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
While a number of genetic mutations are associated with Parkinson's disease (PD), it is also widely acknowledged that the environment plays a significant role in the etiology of neurodegenerative diseases. Epidemiological evidence suggests that occupational exposure to pesticides (e.g., dieldrin, paraquat, rotenone, maneb, and ziram) is associated with a higher risk of developing PD in susceptible populations. Within dopaminergic neurons, environmental chemicals can have an array of adverse effects resulting in cell death, such as aberrant redox cycling and oxidative damage, mitochondrial dysfunction, unfolded protein response, ubiquitin-proteome system dysfunction, neuroinflammation, and metabolic disruption. More recently, our understanding of how pesticides affect cells of the central nervous system has been strengthened by computational biology. New insight has been gained about transcriptional and proteomic networks, and the metabolic pathways perturbed by pesticides. These networks and cell signaling pathways constitute potential therapeutic targets for intervention to slow or mitigate neurodegenerative diseases. Here we review the epidemiological evidence that supports a role for specific pesticides in the etiology of PD and identify molecular profiles amongst these pesticides that may contribute to the disease. Using the Comparative Toxicogenomics Database, these transcripts were compared to those regulated by the PD-associated neurotoxicant MPTP (1-methyl-4-phenyl-1,2,3,6-tetrahydropyridine). While many transcripts are already established as those related to PD (alpha-synuclein, caspases, leucine rich repeat kinase 2, and parkin2), lesser studied targets have emerged as “pesticide/PD-associated transcripts” [e.g., phosphatidylinositol glycan anchor biosynthesis class C (Pigc), allograft inflammatory factor 1 (Aif1), TIMP metallopeptidase inhibitor 3, and DNA damage inducible transcript 4]. We also compared pesticide-regulated genes to a recent meta-analysis of genome-wide association studies in PD which revealed new genetic mutant alleles; the pesticides under review regulated the expression of many of these genes (e.g., ELOVL fatty acid elongase 7, ATPase H+ transporting V0 subunit a1, and bridging integrator 3). The significance is that these proteins may contribute to pesticide-related increases in PD risk. This review collates information on transcriptome responses to PD-associated pesticides to develop a mechanistic framework for quantifying PD risk with exposures.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Cao
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christopher L Souders Ii
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Veronica Perez-Rodriguez
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences, Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, United States
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Cao F, Souders CL, Li P, Adamovsky O, Pang S, Qiu L, Martyniuk CJ. Developmental toxicity of the fungicide ziram in zebrafish (Danio rerio). CHEMOSPHERE 2019; 214:303-313. [PMID: 30265938 DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2018.09.105] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/17/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Ziram is a broad spectrum pesticide that belongs to the class of dimethyl-dithiocarbamate (DTC) fungicides. The objectives of this study were to assess the effects of ziram in developing zebrafish. Ziram was highly toxic to zebrafish embryos, with a 96-h LC50 value of 1082.54 nM (∼0.33 mg/L). Zebrafish embryos at 6 h post-fertilization (hpf) were exposed to solvent control (0.1% DMSO), or one dose of 1, 10, 100, and 1000 nM ziram for 96 h. Ziram induced lethality in a dose-dependent manner, decreased hatching rate and heartbeat, and caused wavy deformities at 72 and 96 hpf at 100 and 1000 nM. Basal oxygen consumption rates of zebrafish at 24 hpf were decreased with 1000 nM, suggesting that ziram affects oxidative phosphorylation. We also measured the expression of transcripts associated with the oxidative stress response (sod1 and sod2) and dopamine receptor signaling at ∼96 h of exposure. There was no difference in the expression of genes related to oxidative stress, nor those related to the dopamine system. Locomotor activity was also assessed in larval zebrafish (7 dpf), and ziram increased total activity, the velocity in light zone, and total distance moved at 10 nM, while it decreased the mean time spent in the dark zone at 1 and 10 nM. Behavioral responses were dependent upon the time point and clutch examined. These data demonstrate that ziram negatively impacts embryonic development (i.e. mortality, hatching, heartbeat and notochord development) of zebrafish, decreases basal respiration of embryos, and alters behavioral responses in larvae.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fangjie Cao
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Christopher L Souders
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Pengfei Li
- State Key Laboratory for Biology of Plant Diseases and Insect Pests, Institute of Plant Protection, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, 100081, China
| | - Ondrej Adamovsky
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA; Research Centre for Toxic Compounds in the Environment (RECETOX), Faculty of Science, Masaryk University, Brno, Czech Republic
| | - Sen Pang
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China; Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA
| | - Lihong Qiu
- Department of Applied Chemistry, College of Sciences, China Agricultural University, Beijing, 100193, China
| | - Christopher J Martyniuk
- Department of Physiological Sciences and Center for Environmental and Human Toxicology, University of Florida Genetics Institute, Interdisciplinary Program in Biomedical Sciences Neuroscience, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville, FL, 32611, USA.
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11
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Xie L, Li X, Mo J, Li L, Chen X, Chen L, Ma L, Chen Y, Ge F, Zhao J, Ge RS. Delayed Puberty by Ziram Is Associated with Down Regulation of Testicular Phosphorylated AKT1 and SIRT1/PGC-1α Signaling. Chem Res Toxicol 2018; 31:1315-1322. [PMID: 30422632 DOI: 10.1021/acs.chemrestox.8b00201] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Ziram is a dimethyldithiocarbamate fungicide, which may influence the male reproductive system as a potential endocrine disruptor. We interrogated the disruption of ziram on rat progenitor Leydig cell development. Prepubertal male Sprague-Dawley rats were orally treated with 0, 2, 4, or 8 mg/kg ziram for 2 weeks. We investigated the effects of ziram on serum testosterone levels, Leydig cell number, and Leydig and Sertoli cell gene and protein expression, SIRT1/PGC-1α levels, and phosphorylation of AKT1, ERK1/2, and AMPK in vivo. We also interrogated the effects of ziram on reactive oxidative species (ROS) level, apoptosis rate, and mitochondrial membrane potential of progenitor Leydig cells in vitro. Ziram decreased serum testosterone and follicle-stimulating hormone levels, the down-regulated Leydig cell-specific gene ( Lhcgr, Scarb1, Star, Cyp17a1, and Hsd17b3), and their protein expression. However, ziram stimulated anti-Müllerian hormone production. Ziram lowered SIRT1/PGC-1α and phosphorylated protein levels of AKT1. Ziram induced ROS and apoptosis and lowered the mitochondrial membrane potential of progenitor Leydig cells in vitro. In conclusion, ziram disrupts Leydig cell development during the prepubertal period potentially through the SIRT1/PGC-1α and phosphorylated AKT1 signaling.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lubin Xie
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Jiaying Mo
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Linchao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Xianwu Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Lanlan Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Leikai Ma
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Yong Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Fei Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Junzhao Zhao
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology , The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University , 109 Xueyuan West Road , Wenzhou , Zhejiang 325027 , China
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12
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Ormerod KG, Jung J, Mercier AJ. Modulation of neuromuscular synapses and contraction in Drosophila 3rd instar larvae. J Neurogenet 2018; 32:183-194. [PMID: 30303434 DOI: 10.1080/01677063.2018.1502761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Over the past four decades, Drosophila melanogaster has become an increasingly important model system for studying the modulation of chemical synapses and muscle contraction by cotransmitters and neurohormones. This review describes how advantages provided by Drosophila have been utilized to investigate synaptic modulation, and it discusses key findings from investigations of cotransmitters and neurohormones that act on body wall muscles of 3rd instar Drosophila larvae. These studies have contributed much to our understanding of how neuromuscular systems are modulated by neuropeptides and biogenic amines, but there are still gaps in relating these peripheral modulatory effects to behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kiel G Ormerod
- a Department of Biology , Massachusetts Institute of Technology , Cambridge , MA , USA
| | - JaeHwan Jung
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Brock University , St. Catharines , Canada
| | - A Joffre Mercier
- b Department of Biological Sciences , Brock University , St. Catharines , Canada
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13
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Double-decrease of the fluorescence of CdSe/ZnS quantum dots for the detection of zinc(II) dimethyldithiocarbamate (ziram) based on its interaction with gold nanoparticles. Mikrochim Acta 2018; 185:472. [DOI: 10.1007/s00604-018-2995-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/06/2018] [Accepted: 09/08/2018] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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Abstract
While readers of Journal of Neurogenetics may be familiar with Harold Atwood's work with Drosophila, most may know little of his previous work on crustacean neuromuscular systems that prepared him to utilise Drosophila neuromuscular junctions. Here, I will give brief overviews of his academic career, one line of his research that persisted throughout his career and his entry to the Drosophila field. This is not a review paper. Finally, I will relate my experiences with Atwood since 1967 as an undergraduate, Postdoctoral Fellow, and Faculty member and finish with some personal anecdotal observations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Milton P Charlton
- a Physiology Department , University of Toronto , Toronto , Ontario , Canada
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15
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Su Y, Li H, Chen X, Wang Y, Li X, Sun J, Ge RS. Ziram inhibits rat neurosteroidogenic 5α-reductase 1 and 3α-hydroxysteroid dehydrogenase. Toxicol Mech Methods 2017; 28:38-44. [PMID: 28707553 DOI: 10.1080/15376516.2017.1355950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Ying Su
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Huitao Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaomin Chen
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yiyan Wang
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaoheng Li
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jianliang Sun
- Department of Anesthesia, Hangzhou Hospital Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University, Hangzhou First People’s Hospital, Hangzhou, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ren-Shan Ge
- Department of Anesthesiology, The Second Affiliated Hospital and Yuying Children's Hospital of Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou, Zhejiang, People’s Republic of China
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Ahmed H, Abushouk AI, Gabr M, Negida A, Abdel-Daim MM. Parkinson's disease and pesticides: A meta-analysis of disease connection and genetic alterations. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 90:638-649. [PMID: 28412655 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.03.100] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2016] [Revised: 01/06/2017] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is a globally prevalent, multifactorial disorder that occurs due to interactions between genetic and environmental factors. Observational studies have shown a link between exposure to pesticides and the risk of PD. We performed this study to systemically review published case-control studies and estimate quantitatively the association between pesticide exposure and PD. We searched Medline (through PubMed) for eligible case-control studies. The association between pesticide exposure and PD risk or occurrence of certain genetic alterations, related to the pathogenesis of PD was presented as odds ratios (OR) and pooled under the random effects model, using the statistical add-in (MetaXL, version 5.0). The pooled result showed that exposure to pesticides is linked to PD (OR 1.46, 95% CI [1.21, 1.77]), but there was a significant heterogeneity among included studies. Exposure to pesticides increased the risk of alterations in different PD pathogenesis-related genes, such as GST (OR 1.97, 95% CI [1.41, 2.76]), PON-1 (OR 1.32, 95% CI [1.09, 1.6]), MDR1 (OR 2.06, 95% CI [1.58, 2.68]), and SNCA genes (OR 1.28, 95% CI [1.02, 1.37]). There was no statistically significant association between exposure to pesticides and alteration of CYP2D6 (OR 1.19, 95% CI [0.91, 1.54]), SLC6A3 (OR 0.74, 95% CI [0.55, 1]), MnSOD (OR 1.45, 95% CI [0.97, 2.16]), NQO1 (OR 1.35, 95% CI [0.91, 2.01]), and PON-2 genes (OR 0.88, 95% CI [0.53, 1.45]). In conclusion, this meta-analysis provides evidence that pesticide exposure is significantly associated with the risk of PD and alterations in genes involved in PD pathogenesis. However, the underlying mechanism of this association and the effect of the duration of exposure or the type of pesticides should be addressed by future research.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hussien Ahmed
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Abdelrahman Ibrahim Abushouk
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Ain Shams University, Cairo, Egypt; NovaMed Medical Research Association, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Gabr
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Ahmed Negida
- Medical Research Group of Egypt, Cairo, Egypt; Faculty of Medicine, Zagazig University, Zagazig, El-Sharkia, Egypt
| | - Mohamed M Abdel-Daim
- Pharmacology Department, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Suez Canal University, Ismailia 41522, Egypt; Pharmacology Department, Dr. D.Y. Patil Medical College, Pune, Maharashtra, India.
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