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Li M, Wang H, Bai Y, Xiong F, Wu S, Bi Q, Qiao Y, Zhang Y, Li X, Feng L, Guo DA. Pharmacodynamical research of extracts and compounds in traditional Chinese medicines for Parkinson's disease. Fitoterapia 2024; 177:106086. [PMID: 38897243 DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2024.106086] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/12/2024] [Revised: 06/14/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 06/21/2024]
Abstract
Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease (AD). Currently, there is no cure for PD, and medications can only control the progression of the disease. Various experimental studies have shown the significant efficacy of TCM in treating PD, and combination with western medicine can enhance the effects and reduce toxicity. Thus, exploring effective anti-PD compounds from TCM has become a popular research fields. This review summarizes commonly used TCM extracts and natural products for the treatment of PD, both domestically and internationally. Furthermore, it delves into various mechanisms of TCM in treating PD, such as anti-oxidative stress, anti-inflammatory, anti-apoptotic, improve mitochondrial dysfunction, inhibits α-synuclein (α-Syn) misfolding and aggregation, regulating neurotransmitters, regulates intestinal flora, enhances immunity, and so on. The results reveal that most TCMs exert their neuroprotective effects through anti-inflammatory and anti-oxidative stress actions, thereby slowing down the progression of the disease. These TCM may hold the key to improving PD therapy and have tremendous potential to be developed as novel anti-PD drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengmeng Li
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Hanze Wang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yuxin Bai
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Fuyu Xiong
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Shifei Wu
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Qirui Bi
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yajun Qiao
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Yan Zhang
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Xiaolan Li
- Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - Lin Feng
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China
| | - De-An Guo
- College of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Changchun University of Chinese Medicine, Changchun 130117, China; Shanghai Research Center for Modernization of Traditional Chinese Medicine, National Engineering Research Center of TCM Standardization Technology, Shanghai Institute of Materia Medica, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shanghai 201203, China.
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Chemam Y, Benayache S, Bouzina A, Marchioni E, Sekiou O, Bentoumi H, Zhao M, Bouslama Z, Aouf NE, Benayache F. Phytochemical on-line screening and in silico study of Helianthemum confertum: antioxidant activity, DFT, MD simulation, ADME/T analysis, and xanthine oxidase binding. RSC Adv 2024; 14:22209-22228. [PMID: 39010907 PMCID: PMC11247359 DOI: 10.1039/d4ra02540g] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 07/17/2024] Open
Abstract
Seven components from the methanol extract of the aerial part of the endemic species Helianthemum confertum were isolated and identified for the first time. Investigating this species and its separated components chemical make-up and radical scavenging capacity, was the main goal. Using an online HPLC-ABTS˙+ test, ORAC, and TEAC assays, the free radical scavenging capacity of the ethyl acetate extract was assessed. The fractionation of these extracts by CC, TLC, and reverse-phase HPLC was guided by the collected data, which was corroborated by TEAC and ORAC assays. Molecular docking studies, DFT at the B3LYP level, and an examination of the ADME/T predictions of all compounds helped to further clarify the phytochemicals' antioxidant potential. Isolation and identification of all components were confirmed through spectroscopy, which revealed a mixture (50-50%) of para-hydroxybenzoic acid 1 and methyl gallate 2, protocatechuic acid 3, astragalin 4, trans-tiliroside 5, cis-tiliroside 6, contaminated by trans-tiliroside and 3-oxo-α-ionol-β-d-glucopyranoside 7, as well as two new compounds for the genus Helianthemum (2 and 7). With a focus on compounds 1, 2, 3, and 4, the results clearly showed that the extract and the compounds tested from this species had a high antioxidant capacity. Within the xanthine oxidase enzyme's pocket, all of the components tested showed strong and stable binding. In light of these findings, the xanthine oxidase/methyl gallate 2 complex was simulated using the Desmond module of the Schrodinger suite molecular dynamics (MD) for 100 ns. Substantially stable receptor-ligand complexes were observed following 1 ns of MD simulation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yasmine Chemam
- Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route d'Aïn El Bey 25000 Constantine Algeria
- Chimie Analytique des Molécules Bioactives, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (UMR 7178 CNRS/UDS) 74 route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch France
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Sciences Faculty, Badji Mokhtar Annaba University Box 12 23000 Annaba Algeria
| | - Samir Benayache
- Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route d'Aïn El Bey 25000 Constantine Algeria
| | - Abdeslem Bouzina
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Sciences Faculty, Badji Mokhtar Annaba University Box 12 23000 Annaba Algeria
| | - Eric Marchioni
- Chimie Analytique des Molécules Bioactives, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (UMR 7178 CNRS/UDS) 74 route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch France
| | - Omar Sekiou
- Environmental Research Center Alzon Castle, Boughazi Said Street, PB 2024 Annaba 23000 Algeria
| | - Houria Bentoumi
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Sciences Faculty, Badji Mokhtar Annaba University Box 12 23000 Annaba Algeria
| | - Minjie Zhao
- Chimie Analytique des Molécules Bioactives, Institut Pluridisciplinaire Hubert Curien (UMR 7178 CNRS/UDS) 74 route du Rhin 67400 Illkirch France
| | - Zihad Bouslama
- Environmental Research Center Alzon Castle, Boughazi Said Street, PB 2024 Annaba 23000 Algeria
| | - Nour-Eddine Aouf
- Laboratory of Applied Organic Chemistry, Bioorganic Chemistry Group, Department of Chemistry, Sciences Faculty, Badji Mokhtar Annaba University Box 12 23000 Annaba Algeria
| | - Fadila Benayache
- Unité de Recherche Valorisation des Ressources Naturelles, Molécules Bioactives et Analyses Physicochimiques et Biologiques, Université Frères Mentouri Constantine 1, Route d'Aïn El Bey 25000 Constantine Algeria
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Mert H, Kerem Ö, Mıs L, Yıldırım S, Mert N. Effects of protocatechuic acid against cisplatin-induced neurotoxicity in rat brains: an experimental study. Int J Neurosci 2024; 134:725-734. [PMID: 36525373 DOI: 10.1080/00207454.2022.2147430] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2022] [Revised: 06/29/2022] [Accepted: 06/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
Aims/Objectives: Cisplatin (CIS) is widely used in the treatment of various malignant tumors. The aim of study is to determine the potential protective effects of protocatechuic acid (PCA) on the brain in neurotoxicity induced by CIS in rats.Materials and methods: Forty rats were divided into four groups: 1-Control group: 2- PCA group: PCA was administered orally at a dose of 100 mg/kg/day for 5 weeks. 3-CIS group: 5 mg/kg/week of CIS was administered intraperiteonally 4-PCA + CIS group: The rats were given PCA orally daily for 5 weeks and CIS of 5 mg/kg/week. The brain tissues were used for histopathological examinations and for total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidative state (TOS), oxidative stress index (OSI), tumornecrosis factor-alpha (T NF-α), interleukin 6 (IL-6) Interleukin 1 beta (IL-1β), acetylcholinesterase (AChE), glutamate, gamma aminobutyric acid (GABA), dopamine analyzes in ELISA. WBC, RBC, hemoglobin and hematocrit levels were measured.Results: PCA + CIS group compared to CIS group TOS, OSI, T NF-α, IL-6, IL-1β, AChE, glutamate, WBC levels decreased significantly, while TAC and GABA levels increased statistically significant. With this study, P CA corrected the deterioration in the oxidant / antioxidant status, suppressed neuro-inflammation, decreased AChE activity, partially normalized neurotransmitters, and decreased the increased WBC count. Necrosis seen in the CIS group in histopathological examinations was never seen in the PCA + CIS group.Conclusions: PCA may provide therapeutic benefit when used in conjunction with CIS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Handan Mert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Özge Kerem
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Leyla Mıs
- Department of Physiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
| | - Serkan Yıldırım
- Department of Pathology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Atatürk University, Erzurum, Turkey
| | - Nihat Mert
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Van Yuzuncu Yil University, Van, Turkey
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Xie J, Xiong S, Li Y, Xia B, Li M, Zhang Z, Shi Z, Peng Q, Li C, Lin L, Liao D. Phenolic acids from medicinal and edible homologous plants: a potential anti-inflammatory agent for inflammatory diseases. Front Immunol 2024; 15:1345002. [PMID: 38975345 PMCID: PMC11224438 DOI: 10.3389/fimmu.2024.1345002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/27/2023] [Accepted: 06/10/2024] [Indexed: 07/09/2024] Open
Abstract
Inflammation has been shown to trigger a wide range of chronic diseases, particularly inflammatory diseases. As a result, the focus of research has been on anti-inflammatory drugs and foods. In recent years, the field of medicinal and edible homology (MEH) has developed rapidly in both medical and food sciences, with 95% of MEH being associated with plants. Phenolic acids are a crucial group of natural bioactive substances found in medicinal and edible homologous plants (MEHPs). Their anti-inflammatory activity is significant as they play a vital role in treating several inflammatory diseases. These compounds possess enormous potential for developing anti-inflammatory drugs and functional foods. However, their development is far from satisfactory due to their diverse structure and intricate anti-inflammatory mechanisms. In this review, we summarize the various types, structures, and distribution of MEHP phenolic acids that have been identified as of 2023. We also analyze their anti-inflammatory activity and molecular mechanisms in inflammatory diseases through NF-κB, MAPK, NLRP3, Nrf2, TLRs, and IL-17 pathways. Additionally, we investigate their impact on regulating the composition of the gut microbiota and immune responses. This analysis lays the groundwork for further exploration of the anti-inflammatory structure-activity relationship of MEHP phenolic acids, aiming to inspire structural optimization and deepen our understanding of their mechanism, and provides valuable insights for future research and development in this field.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jingchen Xie
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Suhui Xiong
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Yamei Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Bohou Xia
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Minjie Li
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhimin Zhang
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Zhe Shi
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Qiuxian Peng
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Chun Li
- Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Limei Lin
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
| | - Duanfang Liao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of Pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, China
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Sun Z, Zhang Y, Zhang M, Zhou S, Cheng W, Xue L, Zhou P, Li X, Zhang Z, Zuo L. Integrated brain and plasma dual-channel metabolomics to explore the treatment effects of Alpinia oxyphyllaFructus on Alzheimer's disease. PLoS One 2023; 18:e0285401. [PMID: 37552694 PMCID: PMC10409282 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0285401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 04/22/2023] [Indexed: 08/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus, called Yizhi in Chinese, is the dried fruit of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel. It has been used in traditional Chinese medicine to treat dementia and memory defects of Alzheimer's disease for many years. However, the underlying mechanism is still unclear. In this study, we used a rat Alzheimer's disease model on intrahippocampal injection of aggregated Aβ1-42 to study the effects of Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus. A brain and plasma dual-channel metabolomics approach combined with multivariate statistical analysis was further performed to determine the effects of Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus on Alzheimer's disease animals. As a result, in the Morris water maze test, Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus had a clear ability to ameliorate the impaired learning and memory of Alzheimer's disease rats. 11 differential biomarkers were detected in AD rats' brains. The compounds mainly included amino acids and phospholipids; after Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus administration, 9 regulated biomarkers were detected compared with the AD model group. In the plasma of AD rats, 29 differential biomarkers, primarily amino acids, phospholipids and fatty acids, were identified; After administration, 23 regulated biomarkers were detected. The metabolic pathways of regulated metabolites suggest that Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus ameliorates memory and learning deficits in AD rats principally by regulating amino acid metabolism, lipids metabolism, and energy metabolism. In conclusion, our results confirm and enhance our current understanding of the therapeutic effects of Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus on Alzheimer's disease. Meanwhile, our work provides new insight into the potential intervention mechanism of Alpinia oxyphylla Fructus for Alzheimer's disease treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Yuanyuan Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Mengya Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Shengnan Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Wenbo Cheng
- Suzhou Institute of Biomedical Engineering and Technology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Suzhou, China
| | - Lianping Xue
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Peipei Zhou
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Xiaojing Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Zhibo Zhang
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
| | - Lihua Zuo
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
- Henan Engineering Research Center of Clinical Mass Spectrometry for Precision Medicine, Zhengzhou, Henan Province, China
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Thapa R, Goyal A, Gupta G, Bhat AA, Singh SK, Subramaniyan V, Sharma S, Prasher P, Jakhmola V, Singh SK, Dua K. Recent developments in the role of protocatechuic acid in neurodegenerative disorders. EXCLI JOURNAL 2023; 22:595-599. [PMID: 37636028 PMCID: PMC10450212 DOI: 10.17179/excli2023-5940] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/16/2023] [Accepted: 06/29/2023] [Indexed: 08/29/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Riya Thapa
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Ahsas Goyal
- Institute of Pharmaceutical Research, GLA University, Mathura, U.P., India
| | - Gaurav Gupta
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science, Saveetha University, Chennai, India
| | - Asif Ahmad Bhat
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Santosh Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmacy, Suresh Gyan Vihar University, Jagatpura, Mahal Road, Jaipur, India
| | - Vetriselvan Subramaniyan
- Pharmacology Unit, Jeffrey Cheah School of Medicine and Health Sciences, Monash University, Malaysia, Jalan Lagoon Selatan, Bandar Sunway, 47500 Selangor Darul Ehsan, Malaysia
| | - Sanjay Sharma
- Shobhaben Pratapbhai Patel School of Pharmacy and Technology Management, SVKM'S NMIMS, V. L. Mehta Road, Vile Parle (W), Mumbai, India
| | - Parteek Prasher
- Department of Chemistry, University of Petroleum & Energy Studies, Energy Acres, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Vikas Jakhmola
- Uttaranchal Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Uttaranchal University, Dehradun 248007, India
| | - Sachin Kumar Singh
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lovely Professional University, Phagwara 144411, India
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
| | - Kamal Dua
- Faculty of Health, Australian Research Centre in Complementary and Integrative Medicine, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
- Discipline of Pharmacy, Graduate School of Health, University of Technology, Sydney, Ultimo-NSW 2007, Australia
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Shafiee F, Safaeian L, Gorbani F. Protective effects of protocatechuic acid against doxorubicin- and arsenic trioxide-induced toxicity in cardiomyocytes. Res Pharm Sci 2023; 18:149-158. [PMID: 36873272 PMCID: PMC9976056 DOI: 10.4103/1735-5362.367794] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2022] [Revised: 08/31/2022] [Accepted: 10/23/2022] [Indexed: 01/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Background and purpose Some chemotherapeutic drugs are associated with an increased risk of cardiotoxicity in patients. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid with valuable cardiovascular, chemo-preventive, and anticancer activities. Recent studies have shown the cardioprotective effects of PCA in several pathological conditions. This investigation aimed to assess the possible protective effects of PCA on cardiomyocytes against toxicities caused by anti-neoplastic agents, doxorubicin (DOX), and arsenic trioxide (ATO). Experimental approach H9C2 cells were exposed to DOX (1 μM) or ATO (35 μM) after 24 h pretreatment with PCA (1-100 μM). MTT and lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) tests were used to define cell viability or cytotoxicity. Total oxidant and antioxidant capacities were evaluated by measuring hydroperoxides and ferric-reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) levels. Expression of the TLR4 gene was also quantitatively estimated by real-time polymerase chain reaction. Findings/Results PCA showed a proliferative effect on cardiomyocytes and significantly enhanced cell viability and reduced cytotoxicity of DOX and ATO during MTT and LDH assays. Pretreatment of cardiomyocytes with PCA significantly decreased hydroperoxide levels and elevated FRAP value. Moreover, PCA meaningfully decreased TLR4 expression in DOX-and ATO-treated cardiomyocytes. Conclusions and implications In conclusion, antioxidant and cytoprotective activities were found for PCA versus toxicities caused by DOX and ATO in cardiomyocytes. However, further in vivo investigations are recommended to assess its clinical value for the prevention and treatment of cardiotoxicity induced by chemotherapeutic agents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shafiee
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Leila Safaeian
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology and Isfahan Pharmaceutical Sciences Research Center, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
| | - Fatemeh Gorbani
- Department of Pharmaceutical Biotechnology, School of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, I.R. Iran
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Pilipović K, Jurišić Grubešić R, Dolenec P, Kučić N, Juretić L, Mršić-Pelčić J. Plant-Based Antioxidants for Prevention and Treatment of Neurodegenerative Diseases: Phytotherapeutic Potential of Laurus nobilis, Aronia melanocarpa, and Celastrol. Antioxidants (Basel) 2023; 12:antiox12030746. [PMID: 36978994 PMCID: PMC10045087 DOI: 10.3390/antiox12030746] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/23/2023] [Revised: 03/10/2023] [Accepted: 03/15/2023] [Indexed: 03/30/2023] Open
Abstract
With the progress of medicine, especially in the last century, life expectancy increased considerably. As a result, age-related diseases also increased, especially malignancies and degenerative diseases of the central nervous system. The incidence and prevalence of neurodegenerative diseases steadily increased over the years, but despite efforts to uncover the pathophysiological processes behind these conditions, they remain elusive. Among the many theories, oxidative stress was proposed to be involved in neurodegenerative processes and to play an important role in the morbidity and progression of various neurodegenerative disorders. Accordingly, a number of studies discovered the potential of natural plant constituents to have significant antioxidant activity. This review focused on several plant-based antioxidants that showed promising results in the prevention and treatment of neurodegenerative diseases. Laurus nobilis, Aronia melanocarpa, and celastrol, a chemical compound isolated from the root extracts of Tripterygium wilfordii and T. regelii, are all known to be rich in antioxidant polyphenols.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kristina Pilipović
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Renata Jurišić Grubešić
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Petra Dolenec
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Natalia Kučić
- Department of Physiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Lea Juretić
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
| | - Jasenka Mršić-Pelčić
- Department of Basic and Clinical Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Medicine, University of Rijeka, HR-51000 Rijeka, Croatia
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Salama AAA, Elgohary R, Fahmy MI. Protocatechuic acid ameliorates lipopolysaccharide-induced kidney damage in mice via downregulation of TLR-4-mediated IKBKB/NF-κB and MAPK/Erk signaling pathways. J Appl Toxicol 2023. [PMID: 36807594 DOI: 10.1002/jat.4447] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2023] [Revised: 01/31/2023] [Accepted: 02/14/2023] [Indexed: 02/19/2023]
Abstract
Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a very critical cause of death in the whole world. Lipopolysaccharide (LPS) induces kidney damage by activating various deleterious inflammatory and oxidative pathways. Protocatechuic acid, a natural phenolic compound, has shown to exert beneficial effects against oxidative and inflammatory responses. The study aimed to clarify the nephroprotective activity of protocatechuic acid in LPS-induced acute kidney damage in mice. Forty male Swiss mice were allocated in four groups as follows: normal control group; LPS (250 μg/kg, ip)-induced kidney injury group; LPS-injected mice treated with protocatechuic acid (15 mg/kg, po), and LPS-injected mice treated with protocatechuic acid (30 mg/kg, po). Significant toll-like receptor 4 (TLR-4)-mediated activation of IKBKB/NF-κB and MAPK/Erk/COX-2 inflammatory pathways has been observed in kidneys of mice treated with LPS. Oxidative stress was revealed by inhibition of total antioxidant capacity, catalase, nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), and NAD(P)H quinone oxidoreductase (NQO1) enzyme along with increased nitric oxide level. In parallel, focal inflammatory effects were shown in between the tubules and glomeruli as well as in the perivascular dilated blood vessels at the cortex affecting the normal morphology of the kidney tissues of LPS-treated mice. However, treatment with protocatechuic acid reduced LPS-induced changes in the aforementioned parameters and restored normal histological features of the affected tissues. In conclusion, our study uncovered that protocatechuic acid has nephroprotective effects in mice with AKI through opposing different inflammatory and oxidative cascades.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Rania Elgohary
- Narcotics, Ergogenics and Poisons Department, National Research Centre, Cairo, Egypt
| | - Mohamed Ibrahim Fahmy
- Pharmacology and Toxicology Department, Faculty of Pharmacy, Heliopolis University, Cairo, Egypt
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10
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A Comparative Study of Lactarius Mushrooms: Chemical Characterization, Antibacterial, Antibiofilm, Antioxidant and Cytotoxic Activity. J Fungi (Basel) 2023; 9:jof9010070. [PMID: 36675891 PMCID: PMC9864295 DOI: 10.3390/jof9010070] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/09/2022] [Revised: 12/27/2022] [Accepted: 12/30/2022] [Indexed: 01/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Mushrooms are valued worldwide for their nutritional, organoleptic and chemical properties. The aim of this study was to determine the chemical composition (free sugars, organic acids, fatty acids, tocopherols and phenolic compounds) and bioactivity of three wild mushrooms (Lactarius piperatus, Lactarius quietus and Lactarius vellereus) from Serbia. Chemical analysis was performed with HPLC-RI and UFLC-PDA (for hydrophilic compounds) and with GC-FID and HPLC-FP (for lipophilic compounds). The analysis of phenolic compounds was performed by UFLC-DAD. Biological activities were evaluated using three different assays (microdilution, TBARS and SRB assays). The results showed that the fruiting bodies were rich in mannitol and trehalose. The main organic acids were oxalic acid and citric acid. As for lipophilic components, stearic, oleic and linoleic acids and β-tocopherol dominated in all the species studied. In addition, the methanolic and ethanolic extracts obtained showed antibacterial, antibiofilm and antioxidant properties. As for cytotoxicity, the extracts were not toxic or only moderately toxic toward different tumor cell lines. According to the results, the selected Serbian mushrooms are a rich source of bioactive compounds, and due to their good biological potential, they can be further exploited as functional ingredients beneficial to human health (antimicrobial agents, antioxidants).
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11
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Perdigão JM, Teixeira BJB, Baia-da-Silva DC, Nascimento PC, Lima RR, Rogez H. Analysis of phenolic compounds in Parkinson's disease: a bibliometric assessment of the 100 most cited papers. Front Aging Neurosci 2023; 15:1149143. [PMID: 37205057 PMCID: PMC10185771 DOI: 10.3389/fnagi.2023.1149143] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/13/2023] [Indexed: 05/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this study was to identify and characterize the 100 most cited articles on Parkinson's disease (PD) and phenolic compounds (PCs). Methods Articles were selected in the Web of Science Core Collection up to June 2022 based on predetermined inclusion criteria, and the following bibliometric parameters were extracted: the number of citations, title, keywords, authors, year, study design, tested PC and therapeutic target. MapChart was used to create worldwide networks, and VOSviewer software was used to create bibliometric networks. Descriptive statistical analysis was used to identify the most researched PCs and therapeutic targets in PD. Results The most cited article was also the oldest. The most recent article was published in 2020. Asia and China were the continent and the country with the most articles in the list (55 and 29%, respectively). In vitro studies were the most common experimental designs among the 100 most cited articles (46%). The most evaluated PC was epigallocatechin. Oxidative stress was the most studied therapeutic target. Conclusion Despite the demonstrations in laboratorial studies, the results obtained point to the need for clinical studies to better elucidate this association.
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Affiliation(s)
- José Messias Perdigão
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | | | - Daiane Claydes Baia-da-Silva
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Priscila Cunha Nascimento
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Rafael Rodrigues Lima
- Laboratory of Functional and Structural Biology, Institute of Biological Sciences, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
| | - Herve Rogez
- Centre for Valorization of Amazonian Bioactive Compounds, Federal University of Pará, Belém, Brazil
- *Correspondence: Herve Rogez,
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12
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Synergistic Impacts of Alpinia oxyphylla Seed Extract and Allopurinol against Experimental Hyperuricemia. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2022; 2022:2824535. [PMID: 35726318 PMCID: PMC9206559 DOI: 10.1155/2022/2824535] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2021] [Accepted: 05/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
In traditional medicine, Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel seed has been used to treat gout and hyperuricemia-related symptoms by enhancing kidney functions. Allopurinol is the most commonly used drug to treat hyperuricemia; however, the drug has many adverse effects. Combining allopurinol with another compound could reduce the need for high doses and result in improved safety. We investigated the possible synergistic effects of Alpinia oxyphylla seed extract (AE) and allopurinol in decreasing urate concentrations in rats with potassium oxonate-induced hyperuricemia. This study evaluated the effects of allopurinol combined with AE on levels of serum urate, blood urea nitrogen (BUN), and creatinine in a hyperuricemic rat model. The effects of allopurinol plus AE on xanthine oxidase (XOD) activity and urate uptake were measured. The concomitant administration of allopurinol and AE normalized serum urate and reduced BUN and creatinine. The attenuation of hyperuricemia-induced impaired kidney function was related to downregulation of renal urate transporter 1 and upregulation of renal organic anion transporter 1, with inhibition of serum and hepatic XOD activities. The antihyperuricemic effects of allopurinol were enhanced when combined with AE. These results suggested that the combined use of allopurinol and AE may have clinical efficacy in treating hyperuricemia.
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13
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Analysis of Fungal Microbiomes in Edible Medicinal Morindae Officinalis Radix and Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus Using DNA Metabarcoding. Foods 2022; 11:foods11121748. [PMID: 35741950 PMCID: PMC9222558 DOI: 10.3390/foods11121748] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2022] [Revised: 06/08/2022] [Accepted: 06/10/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Morindae Officinalis Radix (MOR) and Alpiniae Oxyphyllae Fructus (AOF) have been widely used as dietary supplements and traditional herbal medicines for centuries. Fungal and mycotoxin contamination in MOR and AOF has been reported recently. In this study, fungi in MOR and AOF are first investigated using DNA metabarcoding, and the differences in fungal microbiome between moldy and non−moldy samples are analyzed. The results show that Ascomycota is the most prevailing fungus at the phylum level in MOR and AOF with relative abundances of 49.53–94.32% and 14.81–81.85%, respectively. Penicillium (1.86–76.14%), Cladosporium (1.82–56.65%), and Trichoderma (0.12–19.71%) are the dominant genera in MOR. Penicillium (0.27–56.06%), Papiliotrema (0.04–51.71%), and Cladosporium (3.08–44.41%) are the dominant genera in AOF. Two potential toxigenic fungi were detected, namely, Trichoderma atroviride and Fusarium equiseti. Moreover, the differences in fungal communities between moldy and non−moldy samples were monitored. In conclusion, DNA metabarcoding can be used to assess the fungal microbiome in edible medicinal herbs, thereby providing a basis for ensuring food safety and drug efficacy.
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14
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Chemical constituents of the fruits of Xanthium sibiricum Patrin ex Widder and their chemotaxonomic significance. BIOCHEM SYST ECOL 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bse.2022.104416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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15
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Ticinesi A, Mancabelli L, Carnevali L, Nouvenne A, Meschi T, Del Rio D, Ventura M, Sgoifo A, Angelino D. Interaction Between Diet and Microbiota in the Pathophysiology of Alzheimer's Disease: Focus on Polyphenols and Dietary Fibers. J Alzheimers Dis 2022; 86:961-982. [PMID: 35147544 DOI: 10.3233/jad-215493] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Animal studies increasingly indicate that the gut microbiota composition and function can be involved in the pathophysiology and progression of Alzheimer's disease (AD) at multiple levels. However, few studies have investigated this putative gut-brain axis in human beings, and none of them considered diet as a determinant of intestinal microbiota composition. Epidemiological studies highlight that a high intake of fruit and vegetables, such as that typical of the Mediterranean diet, can modulate AD progression. Thus, nutritional interventions are being increasingly studied as a possible non-pharmacological strategy to slow down the progression of AD. In particular, polyphenols and fibers represent the nutritional compounds with the higher potential of counterbalancing the pathophysiological mechanisms of dementia due to their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic properties. These actions are mediated by the gut microbiota, that can transform polyphenols and fibers into biologically active compounds including, among others, phenyl-γ-valerolactones, urolithins, butyrate, and other short-chain fatty acids. In this review, the complex mechanisms linking nutrition, gut microbiota composition, and pathophysiology of cognitive decline in AD are discussed, with a particular focus on the role of polyphenols and fibers. The gaps between pre-clinical and clinical studies are particularly emphasized, as well as the urgent need for studies comprehensively evaluating the link between nutrition, microbiome, and clinical aspects of AD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrea Ticinesi
- University of Parma, Microbiome Research Hub, Parma, Italy.,University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy.,Parma University-Hospital, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma, Italy
| | - Leonardo Mancabelli
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma, Italy
| | - Luca Carnevali
- University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma, Italy
| | - Antonio Nouvenne
- University of Parma, Microbiome Research Hub, Parma, Italy.,University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy.,Parma University-Hospital, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma, Italy
| | - Tiziana Meschi
- University of Parma, Microbiome Research Hub, Parma, Italy.,University of Parma, Department of Medicine and Surgery, Parma, Italy.,Parma University-Hospital, Geriatric-Rehabilitation Department, Parma, Italy
| | - Daniele Del Rio
- University of Parma, Microbiome Research Hub, Parma, Italy.,University of Parma, Department of Food and Drugs, Parma, Italy
| | - Marco Ventura
- University of Parma, Microbiome Research Hub, Parma, Italy.,University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma, Italy
| | - Andrea Sgoifo
- University of Parma, Microbiome Research Hub, Parma, Italy.,University of Parma, Department of Chemistry, Life Sciences and Environmental Sustainability, Parma, Italy
| | - Donato Angelino
- University of Teramo, Faculty of Bioscience and Technology for Food, Agriculture and Environment, Teramo, Italy
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16
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Ji F, Gu L, Rong G, Hu C, Sun W, Wang D, Peng W, Lin D, Liu Q, Wu H, Dai H, Zhou H, Xu T. Using Extract From the Stems and Leaves of Yizhi (Alpiniae oxyphyllae) as Feed Additive Increases Meat Quality and Intestinal Health in Ducks. Front Vet Sci 2022; 8:793698. [PMID: 35174238 PMCID: PMC8841826 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.793698] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/18/2021] [Accepted: 12/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Yizhi (Alpiniae Oxyphyllae, A. oxyphylla) has been widely used as an important traditional Chinese medicinal herb for centuries. Existing studies have shown that A. oxyphylla has numerous benefits in human and animal health. We hypothesized that extract from the stems and leaves of A. oxyphylla (AOE) as a feed additive may have positive effects on animal health and products. Thus, this study was conducted to evaluate the effects of AOE as a feed additive on growth performance, serum biochemical parameters, intestinal morphology, microbial composition, and meat quality in Jiaji ducks. A total of 240 Jiaji ducks of 42 days old (1675.8 ± 44.2 g, male: female ratio = 1:1) were blocked based on body weight and randomly allocated into four dietary treatments with three replicates that each had 20 duck individuals. The dietary treatments included: basal diet, control group (CK); basal diet supplementation with 30 mg/kg (Y1), 80 mg/kg (Y2), and 130 mg/kg (Y3) AOE, respectively, and lasted for 49 days. The results showed that average daily feed intake from day 42 to day 60 was decreased with the increasing level of AOE (P < 0.05). Compared with the CK group, the groups with AOE supplementation decreased serum LDL-C level (P < 0.05), the addition of 30 mg/kg AOE increased total amino acids, essential amino acids, branched-chain amino acids, nonessential amino acids, and umami taste amino acids (P < 0.05), but decreased selenium and zinc concentrations in breast muscle (P < 0.05). In addition, the supplementation of 30 or 130 mg/kg AOE significantly increased jejunal villus height (P < 0.05) and tended to increase the ratio of villus height to crypt depth in the jejunum (P = 0.092) compared to the CK group. Moreover, the addition of 30 mg/kg AOE showed a higher abundance of genus unclassified Bacteroidales and genus unclassified Ruminococcaceae than the CK group (P < 0.05). Therefore, dietary supplementation with 30 mg/kg AOE increased meat nutrition profile and flavor through promoting amino acid contents in breast muscle, as well as maintained intestine integrity and modulated the microbial composition. In conclusion, AOE as an antibiotic alternative displayed potential in maintaining intestinal health and improving meat quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fengjie Ji
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Lihong Gu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Guang Rong
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Chengjun Hu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Weiping Sun
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Dingfa Wang
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Weiqi Peng
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Dajie Lin
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Quanwei Liu
- Institute of Animal Science and Veterinary Medicine, Hainan Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Hongzhi Wu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
| | - Haofu Dai
- Institute of Tropical Bioscience and Biotechnology, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- *Correspondence: Haofu Dai
| | - Hanlin Zhou
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Hanlin Zhou
| | - Tieshan Xu
- Tropical Crops Genetic Resources Research Institute, Chinese Academy of Tropical Agricultural Sciences, Haikou, China
- Tieshan Xu
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17
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Zhang S, Gai Z, Gui T, Chen J, Chen Q, Li Y. Antioxidant Effects of Protocatechuic Acid and Protocatechuic Aldehyde: Old Wine in a New Bottle. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2021; 2021:6139308. [PMID: 34790246 PMCID: PMC8592717 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6139308] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2021] [Accepted: 10/15/2021] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Phenolic compounds are naturally present as secondary metabolites in plant-based sources such as fruits, vegetables, and spices. They have received considerable attention for their antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-carcinogenic properties for protection against many chronic disorders such as neurodegenerative diseases, diabetes, cardiovascular diseases, and cancer. They are categorized into various groups based on their chemical structure and include phenolic acids, flavonoids, curcumins, tannins, and quinolones. Their structural variations contribute to their specific beneficial effects on human health. The antioxidant property of phenolic compounds protects against oxidative stress by up-regulation of endogenous antioxidants, scavenging free radicals, and anti-apoptotic activity. Protocatechuic acid (PCA; 3,4-dihydroxy benzoic acid) and protocatechuic aldehyde (PAL; 3,4-dihydroxybenzaldehyde) are naturally occurring polyphenols found in vegetables, fruits, and herbs. PCA and PAL are the primary metabolites of anthocyanins and proanthocyanidins, which have been shown to possess pharmacological actions including antioxidant activity in vitro and in vivo. This review aims to explore the therapeutic potential of PCA and PAL by comprehensively summarizing their pharmacological properties reported to date, with an emphasis on their mechanisms of action and biological properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shijun Zhang
- First Clinical Medical College, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Zhibo Gai
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Ting Gui
- Key Laboratory of Traditional Chinese Medicine for Classical Theory, Ministry of Education, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
| | - Juanli Chen
- The Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Liaocheng University/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Qingfa Chen
- The Institute for Tissue Engineering and Regenerative Medicine, The Liaocheng University/Liaocheng People's Hospital, Liaocheng, China
| | - Yunlun Li
- Innovation Research Institute of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
- The Third Department of Cardiovascular Diseases, Affiliated Hospital of Shandong University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Jinan 250355, China
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18
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Isolation and Analytical Method Validation for Phytocomponents of Aqueous Leaf Extracts from Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. in Korea. Processes (Basel) 2021. [DOI: 10.3390/pr9111868] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, major phytochemical compounds of Vaccinium bracteatum Thunb. (VB) aqueous leaf extract were isolated and analyzed using a HPLC-based method, followed by method validation in accordance with the International Conference on Harmonisation (ICH) guidelines for drug development. Five major compounds were isolated in VB extract. Apart from vaccinoside, which had been the only compound isolated in VB extract to date, vanillic acid and protocatechuic acid were isolated for the first time. Isolation of orientin and isoorientin in the VB extract helped validate the reverse-phase analytical method. A new simple and rapid high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC)-based method was developed for the validation of orientin and isoorientin in VB extract and was determinated according to the ICH guidelines. The analytical method was validated through a Waters Alliance HPLC System containing an e2695 separation module and a 2998 photodiode array (PDA) detector. The VB extract and solutions of orientin and isoorientin were analyzed using a reverse-phase Eclipse XDB-C18 column (4.6 × 250 mm ID, 5 µm, Waters), which was maintained at 30 °C. A mobile phase of methanol and 0.01% formic acid in water was used at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min to achieve gradient elution. The linearity of the orientin and isoorientin was excellent results (R2 ≥ 0.9999) in the concentration range of 1.0–50.0 μg/mL. Precision values ranged 98.55–101.70% and 98.70–101.18%, respectively. The intra-day and inter-day relative standard deviation (RSD) values of the orientin and isoorientin were all <2.0%. The average recoveries of orientin ranged 98.30–101.57%, whereas isoorientin ranged 97.81–102.14% with RSD values <2.0%. Quantitative analysis found that VB extract contained 2.90 mg/g of orientin and 3.45 mg/g of isoorientin.
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19
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Cheng CY, Chiang SY, Kao ST, Huang SC. Alpinia oxyphylla Miq extract reduces cerebral infarction by downregulating JNK-mediated TLR4/T3JAM- and ASK1-related inflammatory signaling in the acute phase of transient focal cerebral ischemia in rats. Chin Med 2021; 16:82. [PMID: 34419138 PMCID: PMC8379872 DOI: 10.1186/s13020-021-00495-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2021] [Accepted: 08/13/2021] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Post-ischemic inflammation is a crucial component in stroke pathology in the early phase of cerebral ischemia–reperfusion (I/R) injury. Inflammation caused by microglia, astrocytes, and necrotic cells, produces pro-inflammatory mediators and exacerbates cerebral I/R injury. This study evaluated the effects of the Alpinia oxyphylla Miq [Yi Zhi Ren (YZR)] extract on cerebral infarction at 1 day after 90 min of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAo) and investigated the molecular mechanisms underlying the regulation of c-Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK)-mediated inflammatory cascades in the penumbral cortex. Rats were intraperitoneally injected with the YZR extract at the doses of 0.2 g/kg (YZR-0.2 g), 0.4 g/kg (YZR-0.4 g), or 0.8 g/kg (YZR-0.8 g) at MCAo onset. Results YZR-0.4 g and YZR-0.8 g treatments markedly reduced cerebral infarction, attenuated neurological deficits, and significantly downregulated the expression of phospho-apoptosis signal-regulating kinase 1 (p-ASK1)/ASK1, tumor necrosis factor receptor-associated factor 3 (TRAF3), TRAF3-interacting JNK-activating modulator (T3JAM), ionized calcium-binding adapter molecule 1 (Iba1), p-JNK/JNK, inducible nitric oxide synthase, cyclooxygenase-2, tumor necrosis factor-α, toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4), glial fibrillary acidic protein (GFAP), nuclear factor-kappa B (NF-κB), and interleukin-6 in the penumbral cortex at 1 day after reperfusion. SP600125 (SP), a selective JNK inhibitor, had the same effects. Furthermore, Iba1- and GFAP-positive cells were colocalized with TLR4, and colocalization of GFAP-positive cells was found with NF-κB in the nuclei. Conclusion YZR-0.4 g and YZR-0.8 g treatments exerted beneficial effects on cerebral ischemic injury by downregulating JNK-mediated signaling in the peri-infarct cortex. Moreover, the anti-infarction effects of YZR extract treatments were partially attributed to the downregulation of JNK-mediated TLR4/T3JAM- and ASK1-related inflammatory signaling pathways in the penumbral cortex at 1 day after reperfusion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chin-Yi Cheng
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan.,Department of Chinese Medicine, Hui-Sheng Hospital, Taichung, 42056, Taiwan
| | - Su-Yin Chiang
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shung-Te Kao
- School of Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, 40402, Taiwan
| | - Shang-Chih Huang
- Department of Neurology, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung City, 40447, Taiwan.
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20
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Habib SA, Suddek GM, Abdel Rahim M, Abdelrahman RS. The protective effect of protocatechuic acid on hepatotoxicity induced by cisplatin in mice. Life Sci 2021; 277:119485. [PMID: 33864821 DOI: 10.1016/j.lfs.2021.119485] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/22/2021] [Revised: 03/27/2021] [Accepted: 03/30/2021] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Cisplatin is one of the most potent anti-cancer drugs used for the treatment of various solid tumors, yet it has several side effects that may limit its clinical use. Hepatotoxicity is one of the most serious side effects as it may lead to liver failure. Several mechanisms including oxidative stress, inflammation, and apoptosis have been examined in cisplatin-induced hepatotoxicity. Protocatechuic acid (Proto) which is naturally occurring phenolic acid has shown different biological activity as antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic. In this study, we investigate the protective effect of Proto at two doses 100 and 150 mg/kg on hepatotoxicity induced by a single injection of 10 mg/kg cisplatin in female albino mice. The present study demonstrates for the first time that Proto administration (100 and 150 mg/Kg) significantly attenuates cisplatin-induced changes in liver function [increase serum albumin and decrease liver injury markers ALT, AST, GGT, and bilirubin]. This was associated with marked hepatic antioxidant effects [decrease MDA and NO levels, increase GSH and SOD activity]. Moreover, Proto reduced cisplatin-induced apoptosis in the liver through decreasing caspase-3, annexin-V, and BAX. Both doses suppressed cisplatin-induced expression of iNOS and NF-ᴋB p65 subunit and pro-inflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and TNF-α). Also, Proto improved histopathological examination of the liver. The present findings reveal that the antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anti-apoptotic effects of Proto are the main mechanisms by which Proto can ameliorate cisplatin-induced liver injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sally A Habib
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Ghada M Suddek
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Mona Abdel Rahim
- Urology and Nephrology Center, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt
| | - Rehab S Abdelrahman
- Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Pharmacy, Mansoura University, Mansoura 35516, Egypt; Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, College of Pharmacy, Taibah University, Al-Madina Al-Munawwarah 30001, Saudi Arabia.
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Dash S, Panda MK, Singh MC, Jit BP, Singh YD, Patra JK. Bioactive Molecules from the Alpinia Genus: A Comprehensive Review. Curr Pharm Biotechnol 2021; 21:1412-1421. [PMID: 32386487 DOI: 10.2174/1389201021666200510002409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/29/2020] [Revised: 03/16/2020] [Accepted: 03/31/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Floral has diversity and unique nature due to the complex structure and component. Alpinia is an important genus of the Zingiberaceae family having complex taxonomical diversity. The presence of many unique bioactive molecules makes this genus, a pharmaceutically important genus. They provide a wide range of medicinal properties, including traditional remedies to modern therapeutic applications. METHODS Extracts of Alpinia mostly contain bioactive molecules and secondary metabolites such as polyphenolics, tannins, flavonoids and other therapeutically important compounds. These bioactive molecules are biologically active, treating against inflammation, cancer, arterial hypertension, and other deadly diseases. RESULTS These bioactive molecules can act as natural enzyme inhibitors for some of the deadly diseases and can block the pathway for metabolic activities. In addition, these genera have played a major role in multidisciplinary studies of phytochemistry, ethnobotany, and pharmacological aspects in day-to-day life. CONCLUSION Therefore, this review highlights the fewer known facts of the genus Alpinia in terms of bioactive molecules and its significant therapeutic applications to help in combating major diseases of humans.
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Affiliation(s)
- Santwona Dash
- Department of Botany, School of Applied Sciences, Centurion University of Technology and Management, Bhubaneswar, Odisha, India
| | - Manasa K Panda
- Environment & Sustainability Dept., CSIR- Institute of Minerals and Materials Technology, Bhubaneswar- 751013, Odisha, India
| | - Mayanglambam C Singh
- Department of Basic Sciences and Humanities, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh-791102, India
| | - Bimal P Jit
- School of Life Sciences, Sambalpur University, Burla, Sambalpur, Odisha-768019, India
| | - Yengkhom D Singh
- Department of Post Harvest Technology, College of Horticulture and Forestry, Central Agricultural University, Pasighat, Arunachal Pradesh-791102, India
| | - Jayanta K Patra
- Research Institute of Biotechnology & Medical Converged Science, Dongguk University-Seoul, Goyangsi 10326, Korea
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Lin HJ, Ramesh S, Chang YM, Tsai CT, Tsai CC, Shibu MA, Tamilselvi S, Mahalakshmi B, Kuo WW, Huang CY. D-galactose-induced toxicity associated senescence mitigated by alpinate oxyphyllae fructus fortified adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2021; 36:86-94. [PMID: 32889782 DOI: 10.1002/tox.23014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2020] [Revised: 07/17/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
This study addresses the effect of D-galactose-induced toxicity associated senescence mitigated by alpinate oxyphyllae fructus (AOF; Alpinia oxyphylla Miq) extracts fortified with adipose-derived mesenchymal stem cells (ADMSCs) in rats. Male 18 week-old Wistar Kyoto (WKY) rats were used in this study. We analyzed cardiac fibrosis by Masson's trichrome staining. The tissue sections were dyed using hematoxylin and eosin (H&E). Tissue sections were stained for the restoration of Nrf2 expression in treatment groups by immunohistochemistry. Immunohistochemistry and western blotting analysis showed that AOF with ADMSCs could significantly reduce aging-induced oxidative stress in D-galactose-induced aging rat hearts by inducing Nrf2 pathway. Reduction in ROS resulted in the suppression of inflammatory signals (p-NF-κB and IL-6). Histopathological studies were showed an increased interstitium and collagen accumulation in aging-induced heart sections. However, AOF and ADMSCs treated hearts were recovered from cardiac remodeling. Furthermore, hypertrophy and fibrosis associated markers were also significantly reduced (P < .05) in treatment groups. We speculate that ADMSCs might activate certain paracrine factors, which could target the upstream activator of aging associated cardiac complications and AOF might provide homing for these stem cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hung-Jen Lin
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Samiraj Ramesh
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Microbiology, PRIST Deemed to be University, Thanjavur, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Yung-Ming Chang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- 1PT Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Taichung, Taiwan
| | | | - Chin-Chuan Tsai
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Marthandam Asokan Shibu
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - Shanmugam Tamilselvi
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
| | - B Mahalakshmi
- Institute of Research and Development, Duy Tan University, Da Nang, Vietnam
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Cardiovascular and Mitochondrial Related Disease Research Center, Hualien Tzu Chi Hospital, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Hualien, Taiwan
- Center of General Education, Buddhist Tzu Chi Medical Foundation, Tzu Chi University of Science and Technology, Hualien, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Research, China Medical University Hospital, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biotechnology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Li J, Du Q, Li N, Du S, Sun Z. Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus and Alzheimer's disease: An update and current perspective on this traditional Chinese medicine. Biomed Pharmacother 2020; 135:111167. [PMID: 33383373 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2020.111167] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/07/2020] [Revised: 12/05/2020] [Accepted: 12/14/2020] [Indexed: 02/01/2023] Open
Abstract
Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a common progressive neuro-degenerative disease, and the morbidity and mortality are still on the rise. In spite of recent advances in AD treatment, their clinical efficacy has been limited, non-curative and easy to drug resistance. Alpiniae oxyphyllae Fructus (AOF), derived from the dried and mature fruits of the Zingiberaceae plant Alpinia oxyphylla Miq, is a choice in traditional Chinese medicine to treat AD, which has a good effect and has been used for a long time. Recent studies have demonstrated its potent activities in modulating multiple signaling pathways associated with β-amyloid deposition, tau protein phosphorylation, chronic inflammation, oxidative stress. The neuropharmacological mechanism of AOF in AD have been fully illustrated in numerous studies. In this review, we first briefly described the active components of AOF and related mechanism for treating AD. And we also provide a systematic overview of recent progress on the pharmacokinetic characteristics of the active ingredients of AOF and analyzed their bioavailability differences in the development of AD. Thus, AOF hold a great therapeutic potential in the treatment of AD and is worthy of further research and promotion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Qiuzheng Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Na Li
- The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China
| | - Shuzhang Du
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
| | - Zhi Sun
- Department of Pharmacy, The First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University, Zhengzhou, Henan, China.
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Yu SH, Kim HJ, Jeon SY, Kim MR, Lee BS, Lee JJ, Kim DS, Lee YC. Anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive activities of Alpinia Oxyphylla Miquel extracts in animal models. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2020; 260:112985. [PMID: 32439403 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2020.112985] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2019] [Revised: 05/13/2020] [Accepted: 05/15/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Alpinia Oxyphylla Miquel is a widely used traditional herbal medicine for the treatment of abdominal pain, intestinal disorders, enuresis, and inflammatory conditions. AIM OF THE STUDY In this study we aimed to demonstrate the anti-inflammatory and anti-nociceptive effects of Alpinia Oxyphylla Miquel extracts with 50% ethanol (AOE) in animal models. MATERIAL AND METHOD The anti-inflammatory and nociceptive effects of AOE were estimated in vivo using a carrageenan-induced rat paw edema model, an arachidonic acid-induced mice ear edema model, an acetic acid induced mice writhing test model, and an ex vivo sulfated glycosaminoglycan (GAG) inhibition assay. In vitro inhibition assays for cyclooxygenase (COX) and lipoxygenase (LOX) were performed to determine the IC50 of AOE. RESULTS Compared with the control, AOE caused a significant inhibition of paw edema, ear thickness, and abdominal constriction in animals. Compared with untreated explants exposed to interleukin-l alpha (IL-1α), preoteoglycan degradation by IL-1α was inhibited (18.2%-82.0%) in explants treated with AOE (50-400 μg/ml). In vitro, IC50 values of AOE were 299.87, 199.07, and 170.29 μg/ml for COX-1, COX-2, and 5-LOX respectively. CONCLUSIONS These data demonstrate the potent anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects of AOE and suggest AOE to be useful for the treatment of osteoarthritis and/or associated symptoms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Su Hyun Yu
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, 31257, South Korea.
| | - Hyun Jin Kim
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, 31257, South Korea.
| | - Se Yeong Jeon
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, 31257, South Korea.
| | - Mi Ran Kim
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, 31257, South Korea.
| | - Bo Su Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, 31257, South Korea.
| | - Jeong Jun Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, 31257, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Seon Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672, Yuseong-Daero, Yuseong-Gu, Daejeon, 34054, South Korea.
| | - Young Chul Lee
- R&D Center, Naturetech Co., Ltd., 450-86, Maebong-Ro, Dongnam-Gu, Cheonan-Si, Chungnam, 31257, South Korea.
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Protective effects of protocatechuic acid against cognitive impairment in an amyloid beta-induced Alzheimer's disease mouse model. Food Chem Toxicol 2020; 144:111571. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2020.111571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2020] [Revised: 06/01/2020] [Accepted: 06/27/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
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Hu R, He Z, Liu M, Tan J, Zhang H, Hou DX, He J, Wu S. Dietary protocatechuic acid ameliorates inflammation and up-regulates intestinal tight junction proteins by modulating gut microbiota in LPS-challenged piglets. J Anim Sci Biotechnol 2020; 11:92. [PMID: 32944233 PMCID: PMC7487840 DOI: 10.1186/s40104-020-00492-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 92] [Impact Index Per Article: 23.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/02/2020] [Accepted: 07/07/2020] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Weaning is one of the major factors that cause stress and intestinal disease in piglets. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is an active plant phenolic acid which exists in Chinese herb, Duzhong (Eucommia ulmoides Oliver), and is also considered as the main bioactive metabolite of polyphenol against oxidative stress and inflammation. This study aimed to investigate the effect of PCA on growth performance, intestinal barrier function, and gut microbiota in a weaned piglet model challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). Methods Thirty-six piglets (Pig Improvement Company line 337 × C48, 28 d of age, 8.87 kg ± 0.11 kg BW) were randomly allocated into 3 treatments and fed with a basal diet (CTL), a diet added 50 mg/kg of aureomycin (AUR), or a diet supplemented with 4000 mg/kg of PCA, respectively. The piglets were challenged with LPS (10 μg/kg BW) on d 14 and d 21 by intraperitoneal injection during the 21-d experiment. Animals (n = 6 from each group) were sacrificed after being anesthetized by sodium pentobarbital at 2 h after the last injection of LPS. The serum was collected for antioxidant indices and inflammatory cytokines analysis, the ileum was harvested for detecting mRNA and protein levels of tight junction proteins by PCR and immunohistochemical staining, and the cecum chyme was collected for intestinal flora analysis using 16S rRNA gene sequencing. Results Dietary supplementation of PCA or AUR significantly increased the expression of tight junction proteins including ZO-1 and claudin-1 in intestinal mucosa, and decreased the serum levels of thiobarbituric acid reactive substances (TBARS) and IL-6, as compared with CTL group. In addition, PCA also decreased the serum levels of IL-2 and TNF-α (P < 0.05). Analysis of gut microbiota indicated that PCA increased the Firmicutes/Bacteroidetes ratio (P < 0.05). Spearman’s correlation analysis at the genus level revealed that PCA reduced the relative abundance of Prevotella 9, Prevotella 2, Holdemanella, and Ruminococcus torques group (P < 0.05), and increased the relative abundance of Roseburia and Desulfovibrio (P < 0.05), whereas AUR had no significant effect on these bacteria. Conclusions These results demonstrated that both PCA and AUR had protective effect on oxidative stress, inflammation and intestinal barrier function in piglets challenged with LPS, and PCA potentially exerted the protective function by modulating intestinal flora in a way different from AUR. Holdemanella ![]()
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Affiliation(s)
- Ruizhi Hu
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Ziyu He
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0065 Japan
| | - Ming Liu
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China.,Beijing China-Agri HongKe Bio-Technology Co., Ltd., Beijing, 102206 China
| | - Jijun Tan
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Hongfu Zhang
- State Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition, Institute of Animal Sciences, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences , Beijing, 100193 China
| | - De-Xing Hou
- Department of Food Science and Biotechnology, Faculty of Agriculture, Kagoshima University, Kagoshima, 890-0065 Japan
| | - Jianhua He
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
| | - Shusong Wu
- Hunan Collaborative Innovation Center for Utilization of Botanical Functional Ingredients, College of Animal Science and Technology, Hunan Agricultural University, Changsha, 410128 China
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Anti-Inflammatory Effects of Fermented Bark of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus and Its Isolated Compounds on Lipopolysaccharide-Treated RAW 264.7 Macrophage Cells. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:6749425. [PMID: 32774425 PMCID: PMC7391118 DOI: 10.1155/2020/6749425] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
The fermentation was carried out on the bark of Acanthopanax sessiliflorus (AS). Acanthopanax species have been used in traditional medicine as tonics, sedatives, and antispasmodics. An activity-guided isolation of the fermented bark of A. sessiliflorus (FAS) yielded several phytochemicals: acanthoside D (1), acanthoside B (2), daucosterol (3), protocatechuic acid (4), chlorogenic acid methyl ester (5), ciwujiatone (6), syringaresinol (7), farnesol (8), 3,4-dicaffeoylquinic acid (9), and falcarindiol (10). HPLC analysis showed that content of lignan glycoside (1) was decreased and 4 and 7 were increased after fermentation. Anti-inflammatory activities on FAS showed the decrease of nitric oxide (NO) production, and inhibitory activities of iNOS and COX-2, proinflammatory cytokines (IL-6 and tumor necrosis factor-α), and collagenase. The aglycone, syringaresinol (7), which was increased through fermentation showed enhanced activity than 1. Thus, FAS may have the potential to treat inflammatory disorders, such as arthritis.
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Koza LA, Winter AN, Holsopple J, Baybayon-Grandgeorge AN, Pena C, Olson JR, Mazzarino RC, Patterson D, Linseman DA. Protocatechuic Acid Extends Survival, Improves Motor Function, Diminishes Gliosis, and Sustains Neuromuscular Junctions in the hSOD1 G93A Mouse Model of Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis. Nutrients 2020; 12:nu12061824. [PMID: 32570926 PMCID: PMC7353311 DOI: 10.3390/nu12061824] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 06/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a devastating disorder characterized by motor neuron apoptosis and subsequent skeletal muscle atrophy caused by oxidative and nitrosative stress, mitochondrial dysfunction, and neuroinflammation. Anthocyanins are polyphenolic compounds found in berries that possess neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory properties. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a phenolic acid metabolite of the parent anthocyanin, kuromanin, found in blackberries and bilberries. We explored the therapeutic effects of PCA in a transgenic mouse model of ALS that expresses mutant human Cu, Zn-superoxide dismutase 1 with a glycine to alanine substitution at position 93. These mice display skeletal muscle atrophy, hindlimb weakness, and weight loss. Disease onset occurs at approximately 90 days old and end stage is reached at approximately 120 days old. Daily treatment with PCA (100 mg/kg) by oral gavage beginning at disease onset significantly extended survival (121 days old in untreated vs. 133 days old in PCA-treated) and preserved skeletal muscle strength and endurance as assessed by grip strength testing and rotarod performance. Furthermore, PCA reduced astrogliosis and microgliosis in spinal cord, protected spinal motor neurons from apoptosis, and maintained neuromuscular junction integrity in transgenic mice. PCA lengthens survival, lessens the severity of pathological symptoms, and slows disease progression in this mouse model of ALS. Given its significant preclinical therapeutic effects, PCA should be further investigated as a treatment option for patients with ALS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lilia A. Koza
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Aimee N. Winter
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Jessica Holsopple
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Angela N. Baybayon-Grandgeorge
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
| | - Claudia Pena
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Jeffrey R. Olson
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - Randall C. Mazzarino
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
| | - David Patterson
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, 2101 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80210, USA
| | - Daniel A. Linseman
- Department of Biological Sciences, F. W. Olin Hall, Room 102, University of Denver, 2190 E. Iliff Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA; (L.A.K.); (A.N.W.); (J.H.); (A.N.B.-G.); (C.P.); (J.R.O.); (R.C.M.); (D.P.)
- Knoebel Institute for Healthy Aging, Engineering Computer Science, Suite 579, University of Denver, 2155 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80208, USA
- Eleanor Roosevelt Institute, University of Denver, 2101 E. Wesley Ave, Denver, CO 80210, USA
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +1-(303)-871-4663
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Pharmacological Mechanisms Underlying the Neuroprotective Effects of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. on Alzheimer's Disease. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:ijms21062071. [PMID: 32197305 PMCID: PMC7139528 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21062071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/24/2020] [Revised: 03/12/2020] [Accepted: 03/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. (i.e., A. oxyphylla), a traditional Chinese medicine, can exert neuroprotective effects in ameliorating mild cognitive impairment and improving the pathological hallmarks of Alzheimer's disease (AD). Here, 50 active compounds and 164 putative targets were collected and identified with 251 clinically tested AD-associated target proteins using network pharmacology approaches. Based on the Gene Ontology/Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes pathway enrichments, the compound-target-pathway-disease/protein-protein interaction network constructions, and the network topological analysis, we concluded that A. oxyphylla may have neuroprotective effects by regulating neurotransmitter function, as well as brain plasticity in neuronal networks. Moreover, closely-related AD proteins, including the amyloid-beta precursor protein, the estrogen receptor 1, acetylcholinesterase, and nitric oxide synthase 2, were selected as the bottleneck nodes of network for further verification by molecular docking. Our analytical results demonstrated that terpene, as the main compound of A. oxyphylla extract, exerts neuroprotective effects, providing new insights into the development of a natural therapy for the prevention and treatment of AD.
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Ahmad S, Zeb A, Ayaz M, Murkovic M. Characterization of phenolic compounds using UPLC–HRMS and HPLC–DAD and anti-cholinesterase and anti-oxidant activities of Trifolium repens L. leaves. Eur Food Res Technol 2019. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-019-03416-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Lee YM, Son E, Kim SH, Kim DS. Effect of Alpinia oxyphylla extract in vitro and in a monosodium iodoacetate-induced osteoarthritis rat model. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 65:153095. [PMID: 31568919 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153095] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2019] [Accepted: 09/20/2019] [Indexed: 05/15/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Osteoarthritis (OA) affects the articular cartilage and subchondral bone of synovial joints and induces proinflammatory and anti-inflammatory pathway dysregulation, leading to pain. This study evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antiosteoarthritis effects of Alpinia oxyphylla extract (AOE) in vitro and in vivo. METHODS The anti-inflammatory effect of AOE was evaluated in vitro in lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-treated RAW264.7 cells. The antiosteoarthritis effect of AOE was investigated in a monosodium iodoacetate (MIA)-induced rat model of OA. Rats were orally administered AOE (150 mg/kg or 300 mg/kg) or the positive control drug indomethacin (1 mg/kg) 3 days before MIA injection and once daily for 21 days thereafter. RESULTS AOE significantly decreased the production of nitric oxide (NO, 68.2%), prostaglandin E2 (PGE2, 92.8%), interleukin-1β (IL-1β, 77.2%), interleukin-6 (IL-6, 39.9%), and tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α, 20.7%) and the activation of extracellular signal-regulated kinase (ERK), Jun N-terminal kinase (JNK) and p38 mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) in LPS-treated RAW264.7 cells at a dose of 100 µg/ml. In addition, AOE attenuated joint pain, suppressed proinflammatory cytokine and mediator production and inhibited cartilage degradation in the MIA-induced rat OA model. CONCLUSION These results demonstrate that AOE exerts potent anti-inflammatory effects and may be a useful therapeutic candidate against OA.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yun Mi Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea.
| | - Eunjung Son
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea.
| | - Seung-Hyung Kim
- Institute of Traditional Medicine and Bioscience, Daejeon University, Daejeon 34520, South Korea.
| | - Dong-Seon Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, Daejeon 34054, South Korea.
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Lee YS, Sung YY, Yuk HJ, Son E, Lee S, Kim JS, Kim DS. Anti-hyperuricemic effect of Alpinia oxyphylla seed extract by enhancing uric acid excretion in the kidney. PHYTOMEDICINE : INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF PHYTOTHERAPY AND PHYTOPHARMACOLOGY 2019; 62:152975. [PMID: 31181404 DOI: 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.152975] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2019] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Alpinia oxyphylla is a well-known traditional medicine used in China and Korea to treat intestinal disorders, urosis, diuresis, and chronic glomerulonephritis. PURPOSE We investigated the anti-hyperuricemic effects of Alpinia oxyphylla seed extract (AE), and the underlying mechanisms of action through in vitro and in vivo studies. METHODS We evaluated levels of uric acid in the serum and urine, the expression of renal urate transport proteins, and levels of inflammatory cytokines in potassium oxonate (PO)-induced hyperuricemic rats. Xanthine oxidase activity was analyzed in vitro, while cellular uric acid uptake was assessed in oocytes expressing the human urate transporter 1 (hURAT1). Moreover, the main components of AE were analyzed using UPLC. RESULTS In PO-induced hyperuricemic rats, 200 and 400 mg/kg of AE significantly decreased levels of uric acid in serum, while 400 mg/kg of AE increased uric acid levels in urine. AE did not inhibit xanthine oxidase in vitro; however, 1, 10, and 100 μg/ml of AE significantly decreased uric acid uptake into oocytes expressing hURAT1. Furthermore, 400 mg/kg of AE increased levels of organic anion transporter (OAT) 1 protein, while 200 and 400 mg/kg of AE decreased the protein content of urate transporter, URAT1 and inflammatory cytokines in the kidneys. Nootkatone was identified as one the main chemical components in AE from UPLC analysis. CONCLUSIONS These findings suggest that AE exerts anti-hyperuricemic and uricosuric effects, which are related to the promotion of uric acid excretion via enhanced secretion and inhibition of uric acid reabsorption in the kidneys. Thus, AE may be a potential treatment for hyperuricemia and gout.
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Affiliation(s)
- Young-Sil Lee
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Yoon-Young Sung
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Heung Joo Yuk
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - Eunjung Son
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea
| | - SeonJoo Lee
- R&D Research innovation Team, Kwangdong Pharm Co., Ltd. 271, Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08387, Republic of Korea
| | - Jin Soo Kim
- R&D Research innovation Team, Kwangdong Pharm Co., Ltd. 271, Digital-ro, Guro-gu, Seoul 08387, Republic of Korea
| | - Dong-Seon Kim
- Herbal Medicine Research Division, Korea Institute of Oriental Medicine, 1672 Yuseong-daero, Yuseong-gu, Dajeon 34054, Republic of Korea.
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Anthocyanins and Their Metabolites as Therapeutic Agents for Neurodegenerative Disease. Antioxidants (Basel) 2019; 8:antiox8090333. [PMID: 31443476 PMCID: PMC6770078 DOI: 10.3390/antiox8090333] [Citation(s) in RCA: 79] [Impact Index Per Article: 15.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/30/2019] [Revised: 08/18/2019] [Accepted: 08/19/2019] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
Neurodegenerative diseases, including Alzheimer’s disease, Parkinson’s disease, and amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS), are characterized by the death of neurons within specific regions of the brain or spinal cord. While the etiology of many neurodegenerative diseases remains elusive, several factors are thought to contribute to the neurodegenerative process, such as oxidative and nitrosative stress, excitotoxicity, endoplasmic reticulum stress, protein aggregation, and neuroinflammation. These processes culminate in the death of vulnerable neuronal populations, which manifests symptomatically as cognitive and/or motor impairments. Until recently, most treatments for these disorders have targeted single aspects of disease pathology; however, this strategy has proved largely ineffective, and focus has now turned towards therapeutics which target multiple aspects underlying neurodegeneration. Anthocyanins are unique flavonoid compounds that have been shown to modulate several of the factors contributing to neuronal death, and interest in their use as therapeutics for neurodegeneration has grown in recent years. Additionally, due to observations that the bioavailability of anthocyanins is low relative to that of their metabolites, it has been proposed that anthocyanin metabolites may play a significant part in mediating the beneficial effects of an anthocyanin-rich diet. Thus, in this review, we will explore the evidence evaluating the neuroprotective and therapeutic potential of anthocyanins and their common metabolites for treating neurodegenerative diseases.
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Choi YH, Seo C, Jeong W, Lee JE, Lee JY, Ahn EK, Kang JS, Lee JH, Choi CW, Oh JS, Lee D, Hong SS. Glycopentanolones A-D, four new geranylated quinolone alkaloids from Glycosmis pentaphylla. Bioorg Chem 2019; 87:714-719. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.03.069] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2018] [Revised: 03/04/2019] [Accepted: 03/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
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Trinh BT, Nguyen HD, Nguyen HT, Pham PD, Ngo NT, Nguyen LTT, Nguyen LT, Bui DN, Dang SV, Nguyen LHD. Cytotoxic limonoids from the bark of Walsura cochinchinensis. Fitoterapia 2019; 133:75-79. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fitote.2018.11.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/27/2018] [Revised: 11/15/2018] [Accepted: 11/16/2018] [Indexed: 10/27/2022]
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Chang YM, Tamilselvi S, Lin HJ, Tsai CC, Lin YM, Day CH, Viswanadha VP, Chang HN, Kuo WW, Huang CY. Alpinia oxyphylla Miq extract ameliorates cardiac fibrosis associated with D-galactose induced aging in rats. ENVIRONMENTAL TOXICOLOGY 2019; 34:172-178. [PMID: 30367734 DOI: 10.1002/tox.22671] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/04/2018] [Revised: 09/14/2018] [Accepted: 09/16/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
Cardiac fibrosis is a common pathophysiological process observed during chronic and stress-induced acceleration of cardiac aging. Fibrosis is a necessary process during wound healing and tissue repair. However, its deposition in organs would proceed to scarring and organ damage. Here Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus (AOF), a Chinese medicine extract was used to protect aging heart from collagen accumulation. About 8 weeks old, male SD rats were randomly divided into (i) Control, (ii) D-galactose induced aging (IA), (iii) IA + AOF 50 (AOF low, AL), (iv) IA + AOF 100 (AOF medium, AM), (v) IA + AOF 150 (AOF high, AH) mg/kg/day, AOF was administered orally. After 8 weeks rats were sacrificed and hearts were collected. Results showed collagen deposition and up-regulation of matrix metalloproteinases-MMP-2 and -9 in D-galactose-induced aging rats. Furthermore, western blotting and immunostaining were also confirmed the upregulation of TGF-β1 mediated fibrosis in aging induced rats. However, collagen deposition and fibrosis were significantly decreased by AOF treatments (AM and AH). AOF treatments salvaged the cardiac fibrosis. Hence, AOF might be a potential therapeutic agent in the prevention of cardiac fibrosis associated with aging. The protective effects of AOF might have promising results in anti-aging treatments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yung-Ming Chang
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- 1PT Biotechnology Co., Ltd., Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Shanmugam Tamilselvi
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Hung-Jen Lin
- Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- School of Post-Baccalaureate Chinese Medicine, College of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chin-Chuan Tsai
- The School of Chinese Medicine for Post-Baccalaureate, I-Shou University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
- Chinese Medicine Department, E-DA Hospital, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
| | - Yueh-Min Lin
- Department of pathology, Changhua Christian Hospital, Changhua, Taiwan
- Department of Medical Technology, Jen-Teh Junior College of Medicine, Nursing and Management, Miaoli, Taiwan
| | | | | | - Hsin-Nung Chang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Wei-Wen Kuo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
| | - Chih-Yang Huang
- Graduate Institute of Basic Medical Science, China Medical University, Taichung, Taiwan
- Departments of Chinese Medicine, China Medical University Hospital, Taichung, Taiwan
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, Asia University, Taichung, Taiwan
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Hui F, Qin X, Zhang Q, Li R, Liu M, Ren T, Zhao M, Zhao Q. Alpinia oxyphylla oil induces apoptosis of hepatocellular carcinoma cells via PI3K/Akt pathway in vitro and in vivo. Biomed Pharmacother 2018; 109:2365-2374. [PMID: 30551496 DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2018.11.124] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/29/2018] [Revised: 11/02/2018] [Accepted: 11/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The anti-tumor properties of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel (A. oxyphylla) extracts and their petroleum ether (PE) fractions have long attracted scientific attention. These extracts' anti-tumor activity and mechanisms in vivo are still unclear. This study was designed to investigate the anti-tumor activity and the underlying mechanism of PE's effect on hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) in vitro and in vivo. MATERIALS AND METHOD The anti-tumor activity of PE was evaluated by MTT assay and xenograft study. Mechanistic studies of PE were analyzed by Hoechst 33342 staining, Annexin V-FITC/PI double-staining assay, immunohistochemical staining and western blot assay. The toxicity of the PE treatment was verified by the levels of liver and kidney function in nude mice and the H&E staining of their liver and kidney tissues. RESULT PE significantly inhibited the growth of HepG2, BEL-7402, SMMC-7721 and Hep3B cells in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Specifically, PE inhibited the growth of Hep3B cells by inducing apoptosis. PE treatment at the doses of 0.25, 0.5 and 1 g/kg for 21 days caused a respective 35.7 percent, 49.3 percent and 58.8 percent inhibition of the tumor volume, and a 14.8 percent, 40.2 percent and 55.6 percent decrease in the tumor weight, respectively, as compared with the vehicle group in tumor-loaded mice in vivo. PE promoted the release of cytochrome c from mitochondria to cytosol in a concentration-dependent manner. The expression levels of BAX (p < 0.01), cleaved caspase-9 (p < 0.01) and cleaved caspase-3 (p < 0.05) were increased significantly in the PE-treated group at the dose of 1 g/kg; the expression level of BAX (p < 0.05) was increased significantly in the PE-treated group at the dose of 0.5 g/kg, and the expression level of Bcl-2 (p < 0.01) was decreased significantly in the PE-treated group in a concentration-dependent manner. Apoptosis was induced by PE through up-regulating the expression of PTEN, down-regulating the expression of PI3K and inhibiting the phosphorylation of Akt. The liver and kidney function of the plasma and the morphology of the liver and kidney were normal in each group. CONCLUSION These findings suggested that PE exhibited anti-cancer efficacy on Hep3B cell in vitro and in vivo. The induction of apoptosis might be one mechanism that underlies PE's ability to combat cancer by inhibiting the PI3K/Akt pathway. PE has no obvious toxicity in vivo when it exerts anti-tumor effects and has the potential to develop into an alternative anti-cancer drug for HCC treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fuhai Hui
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110840, China
| | - Xiaochun Qin
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Qiao Zhang
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, China
| | - Ruolan Li
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Mingyue Liu
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China
| | - Tianshu Ren
- Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110840, China
| | - Mingyi Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China.
| | - Qingchun Zhao
- Department of Clinical Pharmacy, Shenyang Pharmaceutical University, Shenyang 110016, China; Department of Pharmacy, General Hospital of Shenyang Military Area Command, Shenyang 110840, China.
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Zhang Q, Zheng Y, Hu X, Hu X, Lv W, Lv D, Chen J, Wu M, Song Q, Shentu J. Ethnopharmacological uses, phytochemistry, biological activities, and therapeutic applications of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel: A review. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2018; 224:149-168. [PMID: 29738847 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2018.05.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 59] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Revised: 05/03/2018] [Accepted: 05/03/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL USAGES Fructus Alpiniae oxyphyllae (A. oxyphylla) is an important medicinal plant that is used not only as an edible fruit, but also as an important traditional medicine for benefiting cognitive performance and alleviating a wide spectrum of diseases. Such as; warming kidney, securing essence and arresting polyuria, as well as warming the spleen and stopping diarrhea and saliva. AIMS The purpose of this review is to provide updated, comprehensive and categorized information on the traditional uses, phytochemistry and pharmacological research of A. oxyphylla in order to explore their therapeutic potential and establish a solid foundation for directing future research. MATERIALS AND METHODS All the available information on A. oxyphylla was collected via electronic search (using Pubmed, SciFinder, Scirus, Google Scholar and Web of Science) and additionally a number of unpublished resources, (e.g. books, Ph.D. and M.Sc. dissertations, government reports). RESULTS Phytochemical research on A. oxyphylla has led to the isolation of components such as essential oils, terpenes, diarylheptanoids, flavones, nucleobases and nucleosides, steroids and others. Crude extracts, fractions and phytochemical constituents isolated from A. oxyphylla showed a wide spectrum of in vitro and in vivo pharmacological activities like neuroprotective, anti-diarrheal, anti-diuretic, anti-neoplastic, anti-oxidant, anti-inflammatory, anti-allergic, viscera protective and anti-diabetic activities. Neuroprotective, anti-cancer, anti-diarrheal and anti-diuretic effects are major areas of research conducted on A. oxyphylla. CONCLUSIONS Modern pharmacological studies have supported many traditional uses of A. oxyphylla, including nervous system, urinary system and gastrointestinal system disease. There was convincing evidence in experimental animal models in support of its neuroprotection, secure essence, reduce urination, and anti-carcinogenic effects. However, all the reported pharmacological activities were carried out at pre-clinical level and the authors urge further investigation in clinical trials about these therapeutic fields of A. oxyphylla.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiao Zhang
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Yunliang Zheng
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xingjiang Hu
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Xiaolong Hu
- State Key Laboratory of Natural Medicines, Department of Natural Medicinal Chemistry, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing 210009, People's Republic of China
| | - Wenwen Lv
- Pharmacy Department, Binzhou Medical University Hospital, Binzhou 256603, People's Republic of China
| | - Duo Lv
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jinjin Chen
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Minglan Wu
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Qichao Song
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China
| | - Jianzhong Shentu
- Research Center for Clinical Pharmacy, State Key Laboratory for Diagnosis and Treatment of Infectious Disease, First Affiliated Hospital, College of Medicine, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou 310003, People's Republic of China.
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Feng X, Li Y, Brobbey Oppong M, Qiu F. Insights into the intestinal bacterial metabolism of flavonoids and the bioactivities of their microbe-derived ring cleavage metabolites. Drug Metab Rev 2018; 50:343-356. [DOI: 10.1080/03602532.2018.1485691] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xinchi Feng
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Yang Li
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Mahmood Brobbey Oppong
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
| | - Feng Qiu
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
- Tianjin State Key Laboratory of Modern Chinese Medicine, Tianjin University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Tianjin, China
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Effects of Protocatechuic Acid (PCA) on Global Cerebral Ischemia-Induced Hippocampal Neuronal Death. Int J Mol Sci 2018; 19:ijms19051420. [PMID: 29747437 PMCID: PMC5983751 DOI: 10.3390/ijms19051420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/11/2018] [Revised: 05/08/2018] [Accepted: 05/08/2018] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
Global cerebral ischemia (GCI) is one of the main causes of hippocampal neuronal death. Ischemic damage can be rescued by early blood reperfusion. However, under some circumstances reperfusion itself can trigger a cell death process that is initiated by the reintroduction of blood, followed by the production of superoxide, a blood⁻brain barrier (BBB) disruption and microglial activation. Protocatechuic acid (PCA) is a major metabolite of the antioxidant polyphenols, which have been discovered in green tea. PCA has been shown to have antioxidant effects on healthy cells and anti-proliferative effects on tumor cells. To test whether PCA can prevent ischemia-induced hippocampal neuronal death, rats were injected with PCA (30 mg/kg/day) per oral (p.o) for one week after global ischemia. To evaluate degenerating neurons, oxidative stress, microglial activation and BBB disruption, we performed Fluoro-Jade B (FJB), 4-hydroxynonenal (4HNE), CD11b, GFAP and IgG staining. In the present study, we found that PCA significantly decreased degenerating neuronal cell death, oxidative stress, microglial activation, astrocyte activation and BBB disruption compared with the vehicle-treated group after ischemia. In addition, an ischemia-induced reduction in glutathione (GSH) concentration in hippocampal neurons was recovered by PCA administration. Therefore, the administration of PCA may be further investigated as a promising tool for decreasing hippocampal neuronal death after global cerebral ischemia.
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Gamiotea-Turro D, Camaforte NAP, Valerino-Diaz AB, Ortiz Nuñez Y, Rinaldo D, Dokkedal AL, Bosqueiro JR, Santos LCD. Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Ethanolic Extract and Phenolic Fraction of Jatropha aethiopica (Euphorbiaceae) Leaves and Their Hypoglycemic Potential. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2018; 66:1419-1427. [PMID: 29345910 DOI: 10.1021/acs.jafc.7b05648] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2023]
Abstract
Although Jatropha aethiopica, popularly known in Cuba as "mata diabetes", is used in salads and as a dietary supplement, its chemical composition and antidiabetic properties yet remains unclear. In this work, we evaluate the qualitative and quantitative composition of ethanolic extract (EE) and phenolic fraction (PF) of Jatropha aethiopica leaves and their hypoglycemic and hypolipidemic activity. Chemical fractionation of the ethanolic extract yielded nine compounds, which included protocatechuic acid (1), chlorogenic acid (2), caffeic acid (3), quercetin 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranolsyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (4), a new kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α-l-rhamnopyranolsyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-galactopyranoside (5), kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-[α-l-rhamnopyranolsyl-(1 → 6)]-β-d-glucopyranoside (6), rutin (7), kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 6)-β-d-glucopyranoside (8), and quercetin (9). The compounds (1, 4-7) were quantified by high-performance liquid chromatography photodiode array detection (HPLC-PDA) in both the ethanolic extract (62.65 ± 0.15 mg/g) and phenolic fraction (61.72 ± 0.23 mg/g). The results obtained show that both ethanolic extract and phenolic fraction contributed toward the improvement of glucose tolerance, which in turn led to a decline in the glucose levels. Remarkably, the ethanolic extract presented a relatively higher promising effect compared to metformin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daylin Gamiotea-Turro
- UNESP-São Paulo State University, Chemistry Institute-Araraquara. Rua Prof. Francisco Degni , 55 Bairro: Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
- Institute of Fundamental Research in Tropical Agriculture "Alejandro de Humboldt" (INIFAT) , Calles 1 y 2, No. 17200, Santiago de las Vegas, C.P. 17200, Havana, Cuba
| | - Nathalia A P Camaforte
- UNESP - São Paulo State University , Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences-Bauru, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01, Bairro: Núcleo Habitacional Presidente Geisel, CEP 17033-360, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Alexander B Valerino-Diaz
- UNESP-São Paulo State University, Chemistry Institute-Araraquara. Rua Prof. Francisco Degni , 55 Bairro: Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Yarelis Ortiz Nuñez
- Institute of Fundamental Research in Tropical Agriculture "Alejandro de Humboldt" (INIFAT) , Calles 1 y 2, No. 17200, Santiago de las Vegas, C.P. 17200, Havana, Cuba
| | - Daniel Rinaldo
- UNESP - São Paulo State University , Department of Chemistry-Bauru, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01, Bairro: Núcleo Habitacional Presidente Geisel, CEP 17033-360, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Anne L Dokkedal
- UNESP - São Paulo State University , Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences-Bauru, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01, Bairro: Núcleo Habitacional Presidente Geisel, CEP 17033-360, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - José R Bosqueiro
- UNESP - São Paulo State University , Department of Biological Sciences, Faculty of Sciences-Bauru, Av. Eng. Luiz Edmundo C. Coube 14-01, Bairro: Núcleo Habitacional Presidente Geisel, CEP 17033-360, Bauru, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Lourdes Campaner Dos Santos
- UNESP-São Paulo State University, Chemistry Institute-Araraquara. Rua Prof. Francisco Degni , 55 Bairro: Quitandinha, 14800-060 Araraquara, São Paulo, Brazil
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Gay NH, Phopin K, Suwanjang W, Songtawee N, Ruankham W, Wongchitrat P, Prachayasittikul S, Prachayasittikul V. Neuroprotective Effects of Phenolic and Carboxylic Acids on Oxidative Stress-Induced Toxicity in Human Neuroblastoma SH-SY5Y Cells. Neurochem Res 2018; 43:619-636. [DOI: 10.1007/s11064-017-2463-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/25/2017] [Revised: 11/26/2017] [Accepted: 12/29/2017] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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Xie Y, Xiao M, Ni Y, Jiang S, Feng G, Sang S, Du G. Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. Extract Prevents Diabetes in Mice by Modulating Gut Microbiota. J Diabetes Res 2018; 2018:4230590. [PMID: 29967794 PMCID: PMC6008625 DOI: 10.1155/2018/4230590] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/03/2017] [Revised: 07/05/2017] [Accepted: 02/21/2018] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Recently, the role of gut microbiota in the development of obesity and type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) has been highlighted. We performed an 8-week administration protocol on T2DM (C57BL/6J db-/db-) mice and fecal samples were collected. Comparisons of fecal bacterial communities were performed between db-/db- mice and normal mice (DB/DB) and between the db-/db mice treated and untreated with AOE using next-generation sequencing technology. Our results showed that the db-/db-AOE group had improved glycemic control and renal function compared with the db-/db-H2O group. Compared with the db-/db-H2O group, AOE administration resulted in significantly increased ratio of Bacteroidetes-to-Firmicutes in db-/db- mice. In addition, the abundance of Akkermansia was significantly increased, while Helicobacter was significantly suppressed in the db-/db-AOE group compared with the db-/db-H2O group. Our data suggest that AOE treatment decreased blood glucose levels and significantly reduced damage of renal pathology in the T2DM mice by modulating gut microbiota composition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiqiang Xie
- First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Man Xiao
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Yali Ni
- First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Shangfei Jiang
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Guizhu Feng
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China
| | - Shenggang Sang
- First Affiliated Hospital of Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571199, China
| | - Guankui Du
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Hainan Medical University, Haikou 571101, China
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Krzysztoforska K, Mirowska-Guzel D, Widy-Tyszkiewicz E. Pharmacological effects of protocatechuic acid and its therapeutic potential in neurodegenerative diseases: Review on the basis of in vitro and in vivo studies in rodents and humans. Nutr Neurosci 2017; 22:72-82. [PMID: 28745142 DOI: 10.1080/1028415x.2017.1354543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 74] [Impact Index Per Article: 10.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid has very promising properties potentially useful in the inhibition of neurodegenerative diseases progression. It is the main metabolite of the complex polyphenolic compounds and is believed to be responsible for beneficial effects associated with consumption of the food products rich in polyphenols. Protocatechuic acid is present in the circulation significantly longer and at higher concentrations than parent compounds and easily crosses the blood brain barrier. The aim of the following paper is to provide an extensive and actual report on protocatechuic acid and its pharmacological potential in prevention and/or treatment of neurodegenerative diseases in humans based on existing data from both in vitro and in vivo studies. Experimental studies strongly support the role of protocatechuic acid in the prevention of neurodegenerative processes, including Alzheimer's and Parkinson's diseases, due to its favorable influence on processes underlying cognitive and behavioral impairment, namely accumulation of the β-amyloid plaques in brain tissues, hyperphosphorylation of tau protein in neurons, excessive formation of reactive oxygen species and neuroinflammation. There is a growing evidence that protocatechuic acid may become in the future efficacious and safe substance that protects against neurodegenerative disorders.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kinga Krzysztoforska
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Dagmara Mirowska-Guzel
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
| | - Ewa Widy-Tyszkiewicz
- a Department of Experimental and Clinical Pharmacology , Centre for Preclinical Research and Technology CePT, Medical University of Warsaw , Warsaw , Poland
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Zhang Q, Hu X, Hui F, Song Q, Cui C, Wang C, Zhao Q. Ethanol extract and its dichloromethane fraction of Alpinia oxyphylla Miquel exhibited hepatoprotective effects against CCl 4 -induced oxidative damage in vitro and in vivo with the involvement of Nrf2. Biomed Pharmacother 2017; 91:812-822. [DOI: 10.1016/j.biopha.2017.04.131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2017] [Revised: 04/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/30/2017] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
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Comparison of the Neuroprotective and Anti-Inflammatory Effects of the Anthocyanin Metabolites, Protocatechuic Acid and 4-Hydroxybenzoic Acid. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6297080. [PMID: 28740571 PMCID: PMC5504963 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6297080] [Citation(s) in RCA: 66] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2017] [Accepted: 05/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
Abstract
Anthocyanins are being increasingly investigated for their neuroprotective and antineuroinflammatory effects; however, the overall bioavailability of many anthocyanins is relatively low. In contrast, phenolic acids, metabolites of many polyphenols, including anthocyanins, have been shown to accumulate in tissue at higher concentrations than those of parent compounds, suggesting that these metabolites may be the bioactive components of anthocyanin-rich diets. We examined the neuroprotective capacity of two common phenolic acids, 4-hydroxybenzoic acid (HBA) and protocatechuic acid (PCA), in primary cultures of cerebellar granule neurons. Both HBA and PCA are capable of mitigating oxidative stress induced by hydrogen peroxide, which is thought to contribute to neuronal cell death in neurodegeneration. Under conditions of nitrosative stress, which occur during inflammation in the central nervous system, only PCA was neuroprotective, despite similar structural characteristics between HBA and PCA. Intriguingly, this trend was reversed under conditions of excitotoxicity, in which only HBA was neuroprotective. Lastly, we explored the anti-inflammatory activity of these compounds in microglial cells stimulated with lipopolysaccharide. PCA was an effective anti-inflammatory agent, reducing nitric oxide production, while HBA had no effect. These data indicate that phenolic acids possess distinct neuroprotective and anti-inflammatory characteristics that could make them suitable for the treatment of neurodegeneration.
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Menezes VG, Santos JMS, Macedo TJS, Lins TLBG, Barberino RS, Gouveia BB, Bezerra MÉS, Cavalcante AYP, Queiroz MAA, Palheta RC, Matos MHT. Use of protocatechuic acid as the sole antioxidant in the base medium for in vitro culture of ovine isolated secondary follicles. Reprod Domest Anim 2017; 52:890-898. [DOI: 10.1111/rda.12995] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/13/2016] [Accepted: 03/30/2017] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- VG Menezes
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - JMS Santos
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - TJS Macedo
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - TLBG Lins
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - RS Barberino
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - BB Gouveia
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - MÉS Bezerra
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - AYP Cavalcante
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - MAA Queiroz
- Laboratory of Bromatology and Animal Nutrition; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - RC Palheta
- Laboratory of Pharmacology; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
| | - MHT Matos
- Nucleus of Biotechnology Applied to Ovarian Follicle Development; Federal University of São Francisco Valley; Petrolina PE Brazil
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Inhibition of Cardiac Hypertrophy Effects in D-Galactose-Induced Senescent Hearts by Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus Treatment. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:2624384. [PMID: 28479925 PMCID: PMC5396449 DOI: 10.1155/2017/2624384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2016] [Revised: 09/14/2016] [Accepted: 03/16/2017] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Aging is a complex physiological phenomenon accelerated by ROS accumulation, with multisystem decline and increasing vulnerability to degenerative diseases and death. Cardiac hypertrophy is a key pathophysiological component that accompanies the aging process. Alpinate Oxyphyllae Fructus (Alpinia oxyphylla MIQ, AOF) is a traditional Chinese medicine, which provides cardioprotective activity against aging, hypertension, and cerebrovascular disorders. In this study, we found the protective effect of AOF against cardiac hypertrophy in D-galactose-induced aging rat model. The results showed that treating rats with D-galactose resulted in pathological hypertrophy as evident from the morphology change, increased left ventricular weight/whole heart weight, and expression of hypertrophy-related markers (MYH7 and BNP). Both concentric and eccentric cardiac hypertrophy signaling proteins were upregulated in aging rat model. However, these pathological changes were significantly improved in AOF treated group (AM and AH) in a dose-dependent manner. AOF negatively modulated D-galactose-induced cardiac hypertrophy signaling mechanism to attenuate ventricular hypertrophy. These enhanced cardioprotective activities following oral administration of AOF reflect the potential use of AOF for antiaging treatments.
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Thakare VN, Dhakane VD, Patel BM. Attenuation of acute restraint stress-induced depressive like behavior and hippocampal alterations with protocatechuic acid treatment in mice. Metab Brain Dis 2017; 32:401-413. [PMID: 27785705 DOI: 10.1007/s11011-016-9922-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2016] [Accepted: 10/19/2016] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Protocatechuic acid ethyl ester (PCA), a phenolic compound, exhibits neuroprotective effects through improving endogenous antioxidant enzymatic and nonezymatic system. Based on the role of oxidative stress in modulating depressive disorders and the relationship between neuroprotective and antioxidant potential of PCA, we studied if its antidepressant like effect is associated by modulation of cerebral cortex and hippocampal antioxidant alterations. Acute restraint stress (ARS) is known to induce depressive like behavior by neuronal oxidative damage in mice. Swiss albino mice subjected to ARS exhibited an increased immobility time in forced swim test, elevated serum corticosterone and produced oxidative stress dependent alterations in cerebral cortex and hippocampus mainly increased thiobarbituric acid reactive substances and reduced catalase (CAT), superoxide dismutase (SOD) activity. Treatment with PCA was able to prevent stress induced immobility time in forced swim test without altering locomotor activity in mice. Further, PCA treatment attenuated the elevation of serum corticosterone, lipid peroxidation and restored enzymatic antioxidants in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in ARS mice. Altogether, the experimental findings demonstrate the notion that PCA exhibit antidepressant like activity might be related, at least in part, to its capability of modulating antioxidant defense system and oxidative damage induced by ARS in cerebral cortex and hippocampus in mice and thus maintain the pro-/anti-oxidative homeostasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Vishnu N Thakare
- Department of Pharmacology, Sinhgad Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Lonavala, Maharashtra, 410401, India
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India
| | - Valmik D Dhakane
- Research and Development, Astec Life Sciences, Mumbai, Maharashtra, India
| | - Bhoomika M Patel
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Pharmacy, Nirma University, Sarkhej-Gandhinagar Highway, Ahmedabad, Gujarat, 382 481, India.
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Chang YM, Chang HH, Tsai CC, Lin HJ, Ho TJ, Ye CX, Chiu PL, Chen YS, Chen RJ, Huang CY, Lin CC. Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruit extract activates IGFR-PI3K/Akt signaling to induce Schwann cell proliferation and sciatic nerve regeneration. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:184. [PMID: 28359314 PMCID: PMC5374583 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1695-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/23/2016] [Accepted: 03/17/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND It is known that the medicinal herb Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. is widely used as a remedy for diarrhea as well as the symptoms accompanying hypertension and cerebrovascular disorders. Moreover, it has also been reported that Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. has beneficial effects on anti-senescence and neuro-protection. This study focuses on the molecular mechanisms by which the Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits promote neuron regeneration. METHODS A piece of silicone rubber was guided across a 15 mm gap in the sciatic nerve of a rat. This nerve gap was then filled with various doses of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits to assess their regenerative effect on damaged nerves. Further, we investigated the role of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits in RSC96 Schwann cell proliferation. RESULTS Our current results showed that treatment with the extract of Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits triggers the phosphorylated insulin-like growth factor-1 receptor- phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/serine-threonine kinase pathway, and up-regulated the proliferating cell nuclear antigen in a dose-dependent manner. Cell cycle analysis on RSC96 Schwann cells showed that, after exposure to Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruit extract, the transition from the first gap phase to the synthesis phase occurs in 12-18 h. The expression of the cell cycle regulatory proteins cyclin D1, cyclin E and cyclin A increased in a dose-dependent manner. Transfection with a small interfering RNA blocked the expression of phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase and induced down-regulation both on the mRNA and protein levels, which resulted in a reduction of the expression of the survival factor B-cell lymphoma 2. CONCLUSION We provide positive results that demonstrate that Alpinia oxyphylla Miq. fruits facilitate the survival and proliferation of RSC96 cells via insulin-like growth factor-1 signaling.
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