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Monitoring the Anisotropy and Fluidity of the HDL Monolayer as Surrogates of HDL Functionality. METHODS IN MOLECULAR BIOLOGY (CLIFTON, N.J.) 2022; 2419:275-282. [PMID: 35237970 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-0716-1924-7_16] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
The fluidity of the biological lipid layers modulates processes involved in cardiovascular disease. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) monolayer fluidity is considered as a surrogate of HDL functionality. In particular, the more fluid the HDL monolayer is, the greater the cholesterol efflux (ChE) is observed. Fluidity depends on cholesterol and on the saturation and length of the fatty acids present in lipid layers. Specifically, low cholesterol and short-chain and/or low-saturated fatty acids content in the lipid layers increases fluidity. Lipid peroxidation is also involved in regulating the monolayers' fluidity. HDL oxidation decreases its fluidity and ChE capacity. Accordingly, the presence of antioxidants in biological membranes and in HDL increases fluidity. The fluidity is assessed in polarization studies that measures the steady-state anisotropy (r) using fluorescent probes (such as 1,6-diphenyl-1,3,5-hexatriene; DPH) that mimic the molecular movements of the sample analyzed. Since r refers to the rigidity and fluidity refers to the viscosity of lipid layers, the fluidity index is the inverse value of r (i.e., 1/r). This chapter describes a method for measuring HDL monolayer fluidity and r. The reproducibility of this method was excellent as the intra-assay coefficients of variation (CV) were <2.5 (20 replicates on the same day) and the interassay CV were <5% (60 replicates measured on 3 different days; 20 replicates/day). The method therefore represents a reproducible and useful tool to evaluate HDL functionality as an emerging cardiovascular risk factor.
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Alves Jesus GF, Owatari MS, Pereira SA, Silva BC, Syracuse NM, Lopes GR, Addam K, Cardoso L, Pedreira Mouriño JL, Martins ML. Effects of sodium butyrate and Lippia origanoides essential oil blend on growth, intestinal microbiota, histology, and haemato-immunological response of Nile tilapia. FISH & SHELLFISH IMMUNOLOGY 2021; 117:62-69. [PMID: 34280520 DOI: 10.1016/j.fsi.2021.07.008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2021] [Revised: 06/07/2021] [Accepted: 07/14/2021] [Indexed: 06/13/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to verify the effects of dietary supplementation with sodium butyrate and Lippia origanoides, combined and isolated, on the health and zootechnical performance of Nile tilapia juveniles Oreochromis niloticus. A total of 120 fish (5.38 ± 0.65 g) were randomly distributed in 12 experimental units and fed different experimental diets for 30 days, namely: commercial diet without supplementation (Unsupplemented); commercial diet supplemented with 0.5% sodium butyrate (Butyrate); commercial diet supplemented with 0.125% L. origanoides (Lippia) and commercial diet supplemented with a mixture of 0.5% sodium butyrate and 0.125% L. origanoides (Butyrate + Lippia). After preparing the experimental diets there was an increase in the pH of diet Butyrate when compared to the other diets. After 30 days the fish supplemented with Butyrate + Lippia showed reduction significate in the mean corpuscular haemoglobin, concentration of total heterotrophic bacteria in the intestine, and lymphocyte infiltrates in the liver. Besides that, the supplementation with Butyrate + Lippia promoted an increased number of intestinal villi compared to the fish Unsupplemented ones. Additionally, fish fed a diet containing only Lippia presented an increase in the villus perimeter in the posterior region of the gut and in the red blood cell number. Animals supplemented only with sodium butyrate demonstrated increased lactic acid bacterium in the gut and macrosteatosis in the liver, besides decreased melanomacrophages in the spleen. The use of sodium butyrate associated with essential oil had positive effects on the intestinal microbiota, intestinal structure, liver, and spleen integrity, suggesting a greater efficiency of the compounds when used together in the nutrition of Nile tilapia juveniles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel Fernandes Alves Jesus
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Marco Shizuo Owatari
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil.
| | - Scheila Anelise Pereira
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Bruno Corrêa Silva
- EPAGRI - Company of Agricultural Research and Rural Extension of Santa Catarina, Rod. Antônio Heil, 6800. CEP 88318-112, Itajaí, SC, Brazil
| | - Nicholas Milis Syracuse
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Gustavo Ruschel Lopes
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Kennya Addam
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Lucas Cardoso
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - José Luiz Pedreira Mouriño
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
| | - Maurício Laterça Martins
- AQUOS - Aquatic Organisms Health Laboratory, Aquaculture Department, Federal University of Santa Catarina (UFSC), Rod. Admar Gonzaga 1346. CEP 88040-900, Florianópolis, SC, Brazil
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Ugni molinae Fruit as a Source of Bioactive Compounds with Good Quality Traits. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2021; 2021:6683877. [PMID: 33981771 PMCID: PMC8088357 DOI: 10.1155/2021/6683877] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2020] [Revised: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 04/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Since the intake of fruits and vegetables displays important effects on the incidence of several chronic diseases in humans, consumers' attention worldwide is focused on the identification of functional foods. In this sense, Ugni molinae (murtilla or murta fruit) is an important source of molecules with a strong antioxidant capacity that is widely used as a medicinal plant in Southern Argentina-Chile. Research on murtilla berries showed that this fruit and its leaves can be an excellent source of polyphenols and bioactive compounds with antibacterial and antioxidant capacity. This review is aimed at providing valuable information and discussing the available literature focused on four principal points: (i) fruit quality and plant physiology, (ii) compound content with bioactive properties, (iii) health properties for consumers of the fruit and leaves, and (iv) challenges for future research. Based on these four points, we propose that murtilla fruit can be a potential ingredient for new functional food products.
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Cyboran-Mikołajczyk S, Csonka Á, Molnar J, Szabó D, Oszmiański J, Kleszczyńska H. In Vitro Studies of Anti-Hemolytic and Cytotoxic Activity of Procyanidin-Rich Extract from the Leaves of Actinidia arguta. POL J FOOD NUTR SCI 2018. [DOI: 10.1515/pjfns-2017-0021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
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5
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Phenol-enriched olive oils improve HDL antioxidant content in hypercholesterolemic subjects. A randomized, double-blind, cross-over, controlled trial. J Nutr Biochem 2018; 51:99-104. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jnutbio.2017.09.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/03/2016] [Revised: 08/22/2017] [Accepted: 09/11/2017] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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López J, Vega-Gálvez A, Bilbao-Sainz C, Chiou BS, Uribe E, Quispe-Fuentes I. Influence of vacuum drying temperature on: Physico-chemical composition and antioxidant properties of murta berries. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2017. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Jéssica López
- Department of Food Engineering; University of La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, Box 599; La Serena Chile
- Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Ciencia y Tecnología; Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, Box 599; La Serena Chile
| | - Antonio Vega-Gálvez
- Department of Food Engineering; University of La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, Box 599; La Serena Chile
| | | | - Bor-Sen Chiou
- U.S. Department of Agriculture; Bioproducts Research Unit; Albany California
| | - Elsa Uribe
- Department of Food Engineering; University of La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, Box 599; La Serena Chile
- Instituto de Investigación Multidisciplinar en Ciencia y Tecnología; Universidad de La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, Box 599; La Serena Chile
| | - Issis Quispe-Fuentes
- Department of Food Engineering; University of La Serena, Av. Raúl Bitrán 1305, Box 599; La Serena Chile
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An In Vitro Study of the Antioxidant and Antihemolytic Properties of Buddleja globosa (Matico). J Membr Biol 2017; 250:239-248. [DOI: 10.1007/s00232-017-9955-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/01/2017] [Accepted: 03/31/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Suwalsky M, Ramírez P, Avello M, Villena F, Gallardo MJ, Barriga A, Manrique-Moreno M. Morphological Effects and Antioxidant Capacity of Solanum crispum (Natre) In Vitro Assayed on Human Erythrocytes. J Membr Biol 2016; 249:349-61. [PMID: 26809653 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-016-9873-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/03/2015] [Accepted: 01/08/2016] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
In order to gain insight into the molecular mechanism of the antioxidant properties of Solanum crispum, aqueous extracts of its leaves were assayed on human erythrocytes and molecular models of its membrane. Phenolics and alkaloids were detected by HPLC-MS. Scanning electron and defocusing microscopy showed that S. crispum changed erythrocytes from the normal shape to echinocytes. These results imply that molecules present in the aqueous extracts were located in the outer monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane. Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) were chosen as representative of phospholipid classes located in the outer and inner monolayers of the erythrocyte membrane, respectively. X-ray diffraction showed that S. crispum preferentially interacted with DMPC bilayers. Experiments regarding its antioxidant properties showed that S. crispum neutralized the oxidative capacity of HClO on DMPE bilayers; defocusing microscopy and hemolysis assays demonstrated the protective effect of S. crispum against the oxidant effects of HClO on human erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Suwalsky
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - Patricia Ramírez
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Marcia Avello
- Faculty of Pharmacy, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Fernando Villena
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - María José Gallardo
- Center for Optics and Photonics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - Andrés Barriga
- Faculty of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Chile, Santiago, Chile
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Suwalsky M, Jemiola-Rzeminska M, Astudillo C, Gallardo MJ, Staforelli JP, Villena F, Strzalka K. An in vitro study on the antioxidant capacity of usnic acid on human erythrocytes and molecular models of its membrane. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:2829-38. [PMID: 26299817 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2015.08.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/03/2015] [Revised: 08/17/2015] [Accepted: 08/19/2015] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Usnic acid (UA) has been associated with chronic diseases through its antioxidant action. Its main target is the cell membrane; however, its effect on that of human erythrocytes has been scarcely investigated. To gain insight into the molecular mechanisms of the interaction between UA and cell membranes human erythrocytes and molecular models of its membrane have been utilized. Dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine (DMPE) were chosen as representative of phospholipid classes located in the outer and inner monolayers of the erythrocyte membrane, respectively. Results by X-ray diffraction showed that UA produced structural perturbations on DMPC and DMPE bilayers. DSC studies have indicated that thermotropic behavior of DMPE was most strongly distorted by UA than DMPC, whereas the latter is mainly affected on the pretransition. Scanning electron (SEM) and defocusing microscopy (DM) showed that UA induced alterations to erythrocytes from the normal discoid shape to echinocytes. These results imply that UA molecules were located in the outer monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane. Results of its antioxidant properties showed that UA neutralized the oxidative capacity of HClO on DMPC and DMPE bilayers; SEM, DM and hemolysis assays demonstrated the protective effect of UA against the deleterious oxidant effects of HClO upon human erythrocytes.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suwalsky
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile.
| | - M Jemiola-Rzeminska
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
| | - C Astudillo
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - M J Gallardo
- Center for Optics and Photonics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - J P Staforelli
- Center for Optics and Photonics, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - F Villena
- Faculty of Biological Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile
| | - K Strzalka
- Faculty of Biochemistry, Biophysics and Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland; Malopolska Centre of Biotechnology, Jagiellonian University, Krakow, Poland
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Suwalsky M, F.Villena, Gallardo M. In vitro protective effects of resveratrol against oxidative damage in human erythrocytes. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOMEMBRANES 2015; 1848:76-82. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bbamem.2014.09.009] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2014] [Revised: 09/12/2014] [Accepted: 09/20/2014] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
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Selvaraj S, Krishnaswamy S, Devashya V, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM. Influence of membrane lipid composition on flavonoid-membrane interactions: Implications on their biological activity. Prog Lipid Res 2014; 58:1-13. [PMID: 25479162 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The membrane interactions and localization of flavonoids play a vital role in altering membrane-mediated cell signaling cascades as well as influence the pharmacological activities such as anti-tumour, anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties of flavonoids. Various techniques have been used to investigate the membrane interaction of flavonoids. These include partition coefficient, fluorescence anisotropy, differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, electrophysiological methods and molecular dynamics simulations. Each technique will provide specific information about either alteration of membrane fluidity or localization of flavonoids within the lipid bilayer. Apart from the diverse techniques employed, the concentrations of flavonoids and lipid membrane composition employed in various studies reported in literature also are different and together these variables contribute to diverse findings that sometimes contradict each other. This review highlights different techniques employed to investigate the membrane interaction of flavonoids with special emphasis on erythrocyte model membrane systems and their significance in understanding the nature and extent of flavonoid-membrane interactions. We also attempt to correlate the membrane localization and alteration in membrane fluidity with the biological activities of flavonoids such as anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalin Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Sridharan Krishnaswamy
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Venkappayya Devashya
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India.
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Suwalsky M, Avello M. Antioxidant capacity of Ugni molinae fruit extract on human erythrocytes: an in vitro study. J Membr Biol 2014; 247:703-12. [PMID: 24928227 DOI: 10.1007/s00232-014-9692-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2014] [Accepted: 05/22/2014] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Ugni molinae is an important source of molecules with strong antioxidant activity widely used as a medicinal plant in Southern Chile-Argentina. Total phenol concentration from its fruit extract was 10.64 ± 0.04 mM gallic acid equivalents. Analysis by means of HPLC/MS indicated the presence of the anthocyanins cyanidin and peonidin, and the flavonol quercitin, all in glycosylated forms. Its antioxidant properties were assessed in human erythrocytes in vitro exposed to HClO oxidative stress. Scanning electron microscopy showed that HClO induced an alteration in erythrocytes from a normal shape to echinocytes; however, this change was highly attenuated in samples containing U. molinae extracts. It also had a tendency in order to reduce the hemolytic effect of HClO. In addition, X-ray diffraction experiments were performed in dimyristoylphosphatidylcholine (DMPC) and dimyristoylphosphatidylethanolamine bilayers, classes of lipids preferentially located in the outer and inner monolayers, respectively, of the human erythrocyte membrane. It was observed that U. molinae only interacted with DMPC. Results by fluorescence spectroscopy on DMPC large unilamellar vesicles and isolated unsealed human erythrocyte membranes also showed that it interacted with the erythrocyte membrane and DMPC. It is possible that the location of U. molinae components into the membrane outer monolayer might hinder the diffusion of HClO and of free radicals into cell membranes and the consequent decrease of the kinetics of free radical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mario Suwalsky
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Concepción, Chile,
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Namiesnik J, Vearasilp K, Nemirovski A, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Pasko P, Martinez-Ayala AL, González-Aguilar GA, Suhaj M, Gorinstein S. In vitro studies on the relationship between the antioxidant activities of some berry extracts and their binding properties to serum albumin. Appl Biochem Biotechnol 2014; 172:2849-65. [PMID: 24449373 PMCID: PMC3962580 DOI: 10.1007/s12010-013-0712-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/25/2013] [Accepted: 12/25/2013] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this study was to investigate the possibility to use the bioactive components from cape gooseberry (Physalis peruviana), blueberry (Vaccinium corymbosum), and cranberry (Vaccinium macrocarpon) extracts as a novel source against oxidation in food supplementation. The quantitative analysis of bioactive compounds (polyphenols, flavonoids, flavanols, carotenoids, and chlorophyll) was based on radical scavenging spectrophometric assays and mass spectrometry. The total phenolic content was the highest (P < 0.05) in water extract of blueberries (46.6 ± 4.2 mg GAE/g DW). The highest antioxidant activities by 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl radical scavenging assay and Cupric reducing antioxidant capacity were in water extracts of blueberries, showing 108.1 ± 7.2 and 131.1 ± 9.6 μMTE/g DW with correlation coefficients of 0.9918 and 0.9925, and by β-carotene linoleate assay at 80.1 ± 6.6 % with correlation coefficient of 0.9909, respectively. The water extracts of berries exhibited high binding properties with human serum albumin in comparison with quercetin. In conclusion, the bioactive compounds from a relatively new source of gooseberries in comparison with blueberries and cranberries have the potential as food supplementation for human health. The antioxidant and binding activities of berries depend on their bioactive compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jacek Namiesnik
- Department of Analytical Chemistry, Chemical Faculty, Gdańsk University of Technology, 80952, Gdańsk, Poland,
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Biological activity of blackcurrant Extracts (Ribes nigrum L.) in relation to erythrocyte membranes. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:783059. [PMID: 24527456 PMCID: PMC3914294 DOI: 10.1155/2014/783059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/29/2013] [Accepted: 11/28/2013] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Compounds contained in fruits and leaves of blackcurrant (Ribes nigrum L.) are known as agents acting preventively and therapeutically on the organism. The HPLC analysis showed they are rich in polyphenol anthocyanins in fruits and flavonoids in leaves, that have antioxidant activity and are beneficial for health. The aim of the research was to determine the effect of blackcurrant fruit and leaf extracts on the physical properties of the erythrocyte membranes and assess their antioxidant properties. The effect of the extracts on osmotic resistance, shape of erythrocytes and hemolytic and antioxidant activity of the extracts were examined with spectrophotometric methods. The FTIR investigation showed that extracts modify the erythrocyte membrane and protect it against free radicals induced by UV radiation. The results show that the extracts do not induce hemolysis and even protect erythrocytes against the harmful action of UVC radiation, while slightly strengthening the membrane and inducing echinocytes. The compounds contained in the extracts do not penetrate into the hydrophobic region, but bind to the membrane surface inducing small changes in the packing arrangement of the polar head groups of membrane lipids. The extracts have a high antioxidant activity. Their presence on the surface of the erythrocyte membrane entails protection against free radicals.
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Avello MA, Pastene ER, Bustos ED, Bittner ML, Becerra JA. Variation in phenolic compounds of Ugni molinae populations and their potential use as antioxidant supplement. REVISTA BRASILEIRA DE FARMACOGNOSIA-BRAZILIAN JOURNAL OF PHARMACOGNOSY 2013. [DOI: 10.1590/s0102-695x2012005000122] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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Gorinstein S, Arancibia-Avila P, Toledo F, Namiesnik J, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Ham KS, Kang SG, Vearasilp K, Suhaj M. Application of Analytical Methods for the Determination of Bioactive Compounds in Some Berries. FOOD ANAL METHOD 2012. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-012-9453-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
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17
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Flis S, Jastrzebski Z, Namiesnik J, Arancibia-Avila P, Toledo F, Leontowicz H, Leontowicz M, Suhaj M, Trakhtenberg S, Gorinstein S. Evaluation of inhibition of cancer cell proliferation in vitro with different berries and correlation with their antioxidant levels by advanced analytical methods. J Pharm Biomed Anal 2012; 62:68-78. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jpba.2012.01.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2011] [Revised: 01/04/2012] [Accepted: 01/05/2012] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
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Cyboran S, Oszmiański J, Kleszczyńska H. Interaction between plant polyphenols and the erythrocyte membrane. Cell Mol Biol Lett 2012; 17:77-88. [PMID: 22161078 PMCID: PMC6275637 DOI: 10.2478/s11658-011-0038-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/30/2011] [Accepted: 12/06/2011] [Indexed: 11/20/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of these studies was to determine the effect of polyphenols contained in extracts from apple, strawberry and blackcurrant on the properties of the erythrocyte membrane, treated as a model of the biological membrane. To this end, the effect of the substances used on hemolysis, osmotic resistance and shape of erythrocytes, and on packing order in the hydrophilic region of the erythrocyte membrane was studied. The investigation was performed with spectrophotometric and fluorimetric methods, and using the optical microscope. The hemolytic studies have shown that the extracts do not induce hemolysis at the concentrations used. The results obtained from the spectrophotometric measurements of osmotic resistance of erythrocytes showed that the polyphenols contained in the extracts cause an increase in the resistance, rendering them less prone to hemolysis in hypotonic solutions of sodium chloride. The fluorimetric studies indicate that the used substances cause a decrease of packing order in the hydrophilic area of membrane lipids. The observations of erythrocyte shapes in a biological optical microscope have shown that, as a result of the substances' action, the erythrocytes become mostly echinocytes, which means that the polyphenols of the extracts localize in the outer lipid monolayer of the erythrocyte membrane. The results obtained indicate that, in the concentration range used, the plant extracts are incorporated into the hydrophilic area of the membrane, modifying its properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sylwia Cyboran
- Department of Physics and Biophysics, Wrocław University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Poland.
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Protective activity of the Uncaria tomentosa extracts on human erythrocytes in oxidative stress induced by 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and catechol. Food Chem Toxicol 2011; 49:2202-11. [PMID: 21712061 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2011.06.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 35] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/03/2011] [Revised: 05/19/2011] [Accepted: 06/03/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effect of the ethanolic and aqueous extracts of Uncaria tomentosa on human erythrocytes and additionally the assessment of protective effect of these extracts on hemolysis induction, hemoglobin oxidation, and changes in the level of reactive oxygen species (ROS) and lipid peroxidation, which were provoked by selected xenobiotics, i.e. 2,4-dichlorophenol (2,4-DCP) and catechol. All tested extracts, even at a very high concentration of 500 μg/ml were not toxic to the erythrocytes because they did not cause lipid peroxidation, increase methemoglobin and ROS levels nor provoked hemolysis. The results of this study also revealed protective effect of extracts of U. tomentosa. The extracts studied depleted the extent of hemoglobin oxidation and lipid peroxidation as well as decreased the level of ROS and hemolysis, which was provoked by 2,4-DCP. No protective activity of the extracts against catechol action, which is a precursor of semiquinones in cell was found. A difference in the effect of the extracts studied was observed. Ethanol-based extracts revealed more pronounced ability to inhibit oxidation processes in human erythrocytes.
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Abstract
The aim of the study was to determine changes incurred by polyphenolic compounds from selected fruits in the lipid phase of the erythrocyte membrane, in liposomes formed of erythrocyte lipids and phosphatidylcholine liposomes. In particular, the effect of extracts from apple, chokeberry, and strawberry on the red blood cell morphology, on packing order in the lipid hydrophilic phase, on fluidity of the hydrophobic phase, as well as on the temperature of phase transition in DPPC liposomes was studied. In the erythrocyte population, the proportions of echinocytes increased due to incorporation of polyphenolic compounds. Fluorimetry with a laurdan probe indicated increased packing density in the hydrophilic phase of the membrane in presence of polyphenolic extracts, the highest effect being observed for the apple extract. Using the fluorescence probes DPH and TMA-DPH, no effect was noted inside the hydrophobic phase of the membrane, as the lipid bilayer fluidity was not modified. The polyphenolic extracts slightly lowered the phase transition temperature of phosphatidylcholine liposomes. The studies have shown that the phenolic compounds contained in the extracts incorporate into the outer region of the erythrocyte membrane, affecting its shape and lipid packing order, which is reflected in the increasing number of echinocytes. The compounds also penetrate the outer part of the external lipid layer of liposomes formed of natural and DPPC lipids, changing its packing order.
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Rubilar M, Gutiérrez C, Villarroel M, Shene C. Influencia de las condiciones de separación sobre la actividad antimicrobiana de fracciones polifenólicas de extractos de hoja de murta Influence of separation conditions on antimicrobial activity of polyphenolic fractions from murta leaves extract. CYTA - JOURNAL OF FOOD 2010. [DOI: 10.1080/19476330903274161] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
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Schreckinger ME, Lotton J, Lila MA, de Mejia EG. Berries from South America: A Comprehensive Review on Chemistry, Health Potential, and Commercialization. J Med Food 2010; 13:233-46. [DOI: 10.1089/jmf.2009.0233] [Citation(s) in RCA: 131] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Maria Elisa Schreckinger
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Jennifer Lotton
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Mary Ann Lila
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
| | - Elvira Gonzalez de Mejia
- Division of Nutritional Sciences, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
- Department of Food Science and Human Nutrition, University of Illinois at Urbana-Champaign, Urbana, Illinois, USA
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Taib IS, Budin SB, Siti Nor Ain SM, Mohamed J, Louis SR, Das S, Sallehudin S, Rajab NF, Hidayatulfathi O. Toxic effects of Litsea elliptica Blume essential oil on red blood cells of Sprague-Dawley rats. J Zhejiang Univ Sci B 2009; 10:813-9. [PMID: 19882755 DOI: 10.1631/jzus.b0920199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/11/2022]
Abstract
Litsea elliptica Blume leaves have been traditionally used as medicinal herbs because of its antimutagenicity, chemopreventative and insecticidal properties. In this study, the toxic effects of L. elliptica essential oil against Sprague-Dawley rat's red blood cells (RBCs) were evaluated. L. elliptica essential oil was given by oral gavage 5 times per week for 3 treated groups in the doses of 125, 250, and 500 mg/(kg body weight), respectively, and the control group received distilled water. Full blood count, RBC osmotic fragility, RBC morphological changes, and RBC membrane lipid were analyzed 28 d after the treatment. Although L. elliptica essential oil administration had significantly different effects on hemoglobin (Hb), mean cell hemoglobin concentration (MCHC), mean cell volume (MCV), and mean cell hemoglobin (MCH) in the experimental groups as compared to the control group (P<0.05), the values were still within the normal range. L. elliptica induced morphological changes of RBC into the form of echinocyte. The percentage of echinocyte increased significantly among the treated groups in a dose-response manner (P<0.001). The concentrations of RBC membrane phospholipids and cholesterol of all treated groups were significantly lower than those of control group (P<0.001). However, the RBC membrane osmotic fragility and total proteins of RBC membrane findings did not differ significantly between control and treated groups (P>0.05). It is concluded that structural changes in the RBC membrane due to L. elliptica essential oil administration did not cause severe membrane damage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izatus Shima Taib
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Allied Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Jalan Raja Muda Abdul Aziz, 50300 Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
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Suwalsky M, Oyarce K, Avello M, Villena F, Sotomayor CP. Human erythrocytes and molecular models of cell membranes are affected in vitro by Balbisia peduncularis (Amancay) extracts. Chem Biol Interact 2009; 179:413-8. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2008.12.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/15/2008] [Revised: 12/09/2008] [Accepted: 12/11/2008] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
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Suwalsky M, Vargas P, Avello M, Villena F, Sotomayor CP. Human erythrocytes are affected in vitro by flavonoids of Aristotelia chilensis (Maqui) leaves. Int J Pharm 2008; 363:85-90. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2008.07.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/02/2008] [Revised: 07/03/2008] [Accepted: 07/07/2008] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Li SQ, Zhu RR, Zhu H, Xue M, Sun XY, Yao SD, Wang SL. Nanotoxicity of TiO(2) nanoparticles to erythrocyte in vitro. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:3626-31. [PMID: 18840495 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2008.09.012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2008] [Revised: 08/13/2008] [Accepted: 09/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Titanium dioxide (TiO(2)) has been considered as non-toxic mineral particles widely used in the fields like cosmetics, food and drug. When the scale come to nanometer, TiO(2) nanoparticles (nano-TiO(2)) exhibits multiple specific characteristics coupled with unknown risks on health. The purpose of this study was to systematically research the influence of nano-TiO(2) on erythrocyte. The results indicated that the erythrocytes treated with nano-TiO(2) underwent abnormal sedimentation, hemagglutination and dose dependent hemolysis, totally differing from those treated with micro-TiO(2). The ghost cells were firstly investigated by using ultra-thin cell section in the case under nano-TiO(2). The mechanism of such adverse effects is (1) the attachment around erythrocyte change the surface native properties and ultimately lead to hemoagglutination; (2) the content leak to the outside of erythrocyte through the breakage induced by both the nano-TiO(2) trans-membrane and the oxidative stress under nano-TiO(2). Our findings imply that nano-TiO(2) may have potential toxicity to human being health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shi-Qiang Li
- School of Life Science and Technology, Tongji University, Shanghai 200092, People's Republic of China
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Bukowska B, Rychlik B, Krokosz A, Michałowicz J. Phenoxyherbicides induce production of free radicals in human erythrocytes: Oxidation of dichlorodihydrofluorescine and dihydrorhodamine 123 by 2,4-D-Na and MCPA-Na. Food Chem Toxicol 2008; 46:359-67. [PMID: 17889420 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2007.08.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2006] [Revised: 07/04/2007] [Accepted: 08/10/2007] [Indexed: 11/19/2022]
Abstract
Although it is known that phenoxyacetic herbicides significantly affect the oxidative status of human erythrocytes, there is no direct evidence of their ability to induce free radical production. To demonstrate this phenomenon we investigated the effect of two commonly used phenoxyherbicides-sodium salt of 2,4-dichlorophenoxyacetic acid (2,4-D-Na) and sodium salt of 4-chloro-2-methylphenoxyacetic acid (MCPA-Na) on oxidation of dihydrorhodamine 123 and H(2)DCFDA as well as on carbonyl group content in cellular proteins. Moreover, haemoglobin denaturation was also measured. The rate of fluorescent probe oxidation was significantly higher for 2,4-D-Na, while both compounds exerted similar effects on protein carbonyl group (an increase in their content) and on denaturation of haemoglobin (no changes were observed). These results and the previous data led us to a conclusion that pro-oxidative action of phenoxyherbicides is strongly dependent on the localization of the substituent in the phenol ring. We also proposed a metabolic reaction chain that explains the mechanism of action of 2,4-D-Na in vivo.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bozena Bukowska
- Department of Biophysics of Environmental Pollution, University of Łódź, Banacha 12/16, 90-237 Łódź, Poland.
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Suwalsky M, Orellana P, Avello M, Villena F. Protective effect of Ugni molinae Turcz against oxidative damage of human erythrocytes. Food Chem Toxicol 2006; 45:130-5. [PMID: 17030381 DOI: 10.1016/j.fct.2006.08.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 51] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2006] [Revised: 07/27/2006] [Accepted: 08/16/2006] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Ugni molinae Turcz, also known as "Murtilla", is a plant that grows in the south of Chile. Infusions of its leaves have long been used in traditional native herbal medicine. The chemical composition of the leaves indicates the presence of polyphenols, which have antioxidant properties. In the present work, the antioxidant properties of U. molinae were evaluated in human erythrocytes exposed in vitro to oxidative stress induced by HClO. The experiments were carried out by scanning electron microscopy (SEM) and hemolysis measurements. The SEM observations showed that HClO induced a morphological alteration in the red blood cells from a discoid to an echinocytic form. According to the bilayer couple hypothesis, the formation of echinocytes indicates that HClO was inserted in the outer leaflet of the erythrocyte membrane. However, a concentration as low as 10 microM gallic acid equivalents (GAE) U. molinae aqueous extract neutralized the shape change effect of HClO applied in a concentration as high as 0.25 mM. The significant protection of U. molinae aqueous extract was also shown in the hemolysis experiments. In fact, very low concentrations of the extract considerably reduced the deleterious capacity of HClO to induce hemolysis in red blood cells. It is concluded that the location of the extract components into the membrane bilayer and the resulting restriction on its fluidity might hinder the diffusion of HClO and its consequent damaging effects. This conclusion can also imply that this restriction could apply to the diffusion of free radicals into cell membranes and the subsequent decrease of the kinetics of free radical reactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Suwalsky
- Faculty of Chemical Sciences, University of Concepción, Casilla 160-C, Concepción, Chile.
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