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Awasthi S, Prior Palomero B, Srivastava A, Selvaraj S, Pandey SK. Nanodiamond-structured zinc composite coatings with strong bonding and high load-bearing capacity. Nanoscale Adv 2024; 6:1001-1010. [PMID: 38298590 PMCID: PMC10825905 DOI: 10.1039/d3na00809f] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2023] [Accepted: 12/21/2023] [Indexed: 02/02/2024]
Abstract
The aerospace and automotive industries find that relying solely on the intrinsic resistance of alloys is inadequate to safeguard aircraft and automotive structural components from harsh environmental conditions. While it is difficult to attribute accidents exclusively to coating failure due to the involvement of multiple factors, there are instances where defects in the coating initiate a wear or degradation process, leading to premature and unplanned structural failures. Metallic coatings have been introduced to protect the aircraft mainly from wear due to the extreme temperatures and moisture exposure during their service life. Bare metallic coatings have a limited lifespan and need to be replaced frequently. Herein, the strength and wear resistance of zinc (Zn) coating is enhanced using varying concentrations of diamond particles as an additive in the Zn matrix (Zn-D). The dispersion strengthening mechanism is attributed to the high hardness (70 HRC), and reduced friction-of-coefficient (0.21) and dissipation energy (4.6 × 10-4 J) of electrodeposited Zn-D7.5 (7.5 g l-1 of diamond concentration) composite coating. Moreover, enhanced wear resistance with minimum wear volume (1.12 × 10-3 mm3) and wear rate (1.25 × 10-3 mm3 N-1 m-1) of the Zn-D7.5 composite coating resulted in perfect blending of diamond with Zn. The improved hardness and wear resistance for Zn-D7.5 (optimum 7.5 g l-1 diamond concentration) is due to the steadiness between well-dispersed diamonds in Zn and enrichment in load-bearing ability due to the incorporation of diamond particles. Electronic structure calculations on the zinc-diamond composite models (two configurations adopted) have been performed using the density functional theory (DFT) approach, and the in silico studies appeared to facilitate meaningful and evocative outcomes. Zn-doped diamond (C10@Zn) without hydrogen (H) atoms (binding energy: 418 kcal mol-1, i.e. showing an endothermic reaction and thermodynamically not favourable) was detected to be more stable than the Zn-doped diamond (C10H16@Zn) consisting of hydrogen (H) atoms (binding energy: -33.3 kcal mol-1, i.e. showing an exothermic reaction and thermodynamically preferable). Thus, a composite coating of zinc and diamond can be a suitable candidate for the aerospace and automotive industries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Awasthi
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur 303007 India
| | | | - Ankur Srivastava
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, Manipal University Jaipur India 303007
| | - S Selvaraj
- Department of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences Thandalam Chennai 602105 Tamil Nadu India
| | - Sarvesh Kumar Pandey
- Department of Chemistry, Manipal University Jaipur 303007 India
- Department of Chemistry, Maulana Azad National Institute of Technology Bhopal 462003 India
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Ram Kumar A, Selvaraj S, Azam M, Sheeja Mol G, Kanagathara N, Alam M, Jayaprakash P. Spectroscopic, Biological, and Topological Insights on Lemonol as a Potential Anticancer Agent. ACS Omega 2023; 8:31548-31566. [PMID: 37663516 PMCID: PMC10468887 DOI: 10.1021/acsomega.3c04922] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/03/2023] [Indexed: 09/05/2023]
Abstract
A monoterpene alcohol known as lemonol was investigated experimentally as well as theoretically in order to gain insights into its geometrical structure, vibrational frequencies, solvent effects on electronic properties, molecular electrostatic potential, Mulliken atomic charge distribution, natural bond orbital, and Nonlinear Optical properties. The frontier molecular orbital energy gap values of 5.9084 eV (gas), 5.9261 eV (ethanol), 5.9185 eV (chloroform), 5.9253 eV (acetone), and 5.9176 eV (diethyl ether) were predicted, and it shows the kinetic stability and chemical reactivity of lemonol. Topological studies were conducted using Multiwfn software to understand the binding sites and weak interactions in lemonol. The antiproliferative effect of lemonol against the breast cancer cell line Michigan Cancer Foundation (MCF-7) was determined by 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay, while nuclear damage, condensation, and reactive oxygen species generation were identified using acridine orange/ethidium bromide, propidium iodide, and dichlorodihydrofluorescein diacetate staining. The theoretical and experimental findings are highly correlated, confirming the structure, and the results of in vitro studies suggest that lemonol acts as a potent inhibitor against the human breast cancer cell line MCF-7, highlighting its strong antiproliferative activity.
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Affiliation(s)
- A. Ram Kumar
- Department
of Biotechnology, Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S. Selvaraj
- Department
of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad Azam
- Department
of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud
University, PO Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - G.P. Sheeja Mol
- PG
Department of Physics, St. Joseph’s
College for Women, Alappuzha 688001, Kerala, India
- Affiliated
to University of Kerala, Thiruvananthapuram 695034, Kerala, India
| | - N. Kanagathara
- Department
of Physics, Saveetha School of Engineering,
Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences (SIMATS), Thandalam, Chennai 602105, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mahboob Alam
- Department
of Safety Engineering, Dongguk University, 123 Dongdae-ro, Gyeongju 780714, Gyeongbuk, South Korea
| | - P. Jayaprakash
- Department
of Physics, St. Joseph’s Institute
of Technology, OMR, Chennai 600119, Tamil Nadu, India
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Selvaraj S, Udayakumar J. One-Step Nonenzymatic Electrochemical Sensor for the detection of Sarcosine using Nanozyme Glutathione Copper Complex. CURR ANAL CHEM 2023. [DOI: 10.2174/1573411019666230125120314] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
Background:
The present study aims to develop the use of glutathione copper complex for the detection of sarcosine, a marker for prostate cancer. The glutathione-copper complex was successfully synthesized at room temperature and characterized using FTIR, UV, and Scanning Electron Micrograph.
Methods:
The structure of the glutathione copper complex was found to be a 1:2 Metal: Ligand ratio. The cyclic voltammogram for the glutathione-copper complex modified electrode showed an oxidation peak around -0.037 V, which indicates the irreversible oxidation of copper ions. The addition of sarcosine decreased the oxidation potential of the glutathione copper complex indicating the ability of the working electrode, for the detection of sarcosine in the sample using differential pulse voltammetry.
Results:
The results indicated that the glutathione-copper complex modified electrode revealed good sensitivity, selectivity, and linearity against the detection of sarcosine in the range from 0.1 µM to 2.5 µM. The LOD and LOQ were calculated using a linear prediction model, the data obtained from differential pulse voltammetry technique for known and simulated urine samples was 0.72 µM, 5.13 µM, and 1.45 µM, 39.94 µM, respectively. The sensitivity for the developed working electrode obtained for the known and simulated sample was 0.0567 µA/µM and 0.02913 µA/µM, respectively.
Conclusion:
Thus, we concluded that the glutathione copper complex decorated glassy carbon electrode is a good candidate for the detection of sarcosine with good selectivity and sensitivity for real-time monitoring.
conclusion:
Thus, we concluded that the glutathione copper complex decorated glassy carbon electrode is a good candidate for the detection of sarcosine with good selectivity in the real-time sample for the better treatment of prostate cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalin Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB)
School of Chemical & Biotechnology
SASTRA Deemed University
Thanjavur - 613401
| | - Janani Udayakumar
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB)
School of Chemical & Biotechnology
SASTRA Deemed University
Thanjavur - 613401
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Jayaprakash S, Ramesh S, Karthikeyan A, Murugappan S, Sidharthan P, Selvaraj S. Transition Metal Coordination Complexes of Flavonoids: A Class of Better Pharmacological Active Molecules to Develop New Drugs. Anticancer Agents Med Chem 2023; 23:417-431. [PMID: 35619308 DOI: 10.2174/1871520622666220520093018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2021] [Revised: 02/11/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Flavonoid metal ion complexes are one of the classes of biologically active molecules with immense pharmacological potential, including antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, and anticancer activity, to name a few. The effectiveness of this complexion depends on the state and nature of the transition metal ions and on the position to which the metal ion coordinates with their corresponding parent flavonoid. The metal coordination of flavonoids also improves the biological activities to a maximum extent compared to the parent compound. This may be attributed to many factors such as metal ions, coordination sites, structural configuration, and stability of the complexes. On the other hand, some of the metal ion complexes reduce the biological efficiency of the corresponding parent flavonoids, which can be due to the shift from antioxidant to pro-oxidant nature as well as the stability of the complexes both in in vitro and in vivo conditions. However, the literature on the stability of flavonoid metal ion complexes in in vivo conditions is very scanty. Therefore, this review summarizes and critically addresses all these parameters a favor together in a single slot that favours for the researchers to put forward to understand the mode and detailed molecular mechanism of flavonoid metals complexes compared with their corresponding parent flavonoids.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sushmitha Jayaprakash
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India.,School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India
| | - Sruthi Ramesh
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India.,School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India
| | - Aishwarya Karthikeyan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India.,School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India
| | - Sivasubramanian Murugappan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India.,School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India
| | - Priyadharshini Sidharthan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India.,School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India
| | - Stalin Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India.,School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur - 613 401, India
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Selvaraj S, Ram Kumar A, Ahilan T, Kesavan M, Gunasekaran S, Kumaresan S. Multi spectroscopic and computational investigations on the electronic structure of oxyclozanide. J INDIAN CHEM SOC 2022. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jics.2022.100676] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Suresh S, Raghavendran S, Selvaraj S. Combining Evolution and Cancer Therapy: A Review of the Mathematical
Approach. CCTR 2022. [DOI: 10.2174/1573394717666210922151146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/09/2022]
Abstract
:
Conventional cancer therapy kills tumors by applying the maximum tolerable dose of
therapy. However, it leads to the development of tumoral heterogeneity and resistance, hence leading
to therapy failure and progression. It is necessary to design therapies keeping in mind the evolutionary
dynamics of tumors to minimize resistance and delay progression. Mathematical models
are of great importance in oncology as they assist in the recreation of the tumor microenvironment,
predict the outcomes of treatment strategies and elucidate fundamentals of tumor growth and resistance
development. The body of literature covering models which incorporate evolutionary dynamics
is vast. This paper provides an overview of existing models of “evolutionary therapy”, including
ordinary differential equations, fitness, and probability functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sruthi Suresh
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
| | | | - Stalin Selvaraj
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA Deemed University, Thanjavur, India
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Selvaraj S, Muthu S, Chandramouli H, Periyasamy B. Efficacy of Oxygen Delivered through High Flow Nasal Cannula versus Non Rebreathing Mask in Infants with Mild and Moderate Bronchiolitis: An Open-labelled Randomised Controlled Trial. J Clin Diagn Res 2022. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2022/56450.16579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Bronchiolitis accounts for substantial portion of infant and paediatric hospital admissions worldwide. High flow nasal cannula is a relatively new, safe, comfortable and well tolerated mode of oxygen delivery for infants and children presenting with respiratory distress in emergency units and general wards. Aim: To compare the efficacy of oxygen delivered through high flow nasal cannula with non rebreathing mask in infants with mild and moderate bronchiolitis. Materials and Methods: This open-labelled randomised controlled trial was conducted among 80 infants under 12 months of age admitted with mild and moderate bronchiolitis in the well-equipped Paediatric Wards of Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India, from January 2017 to August 2018. Eligible recruited infants were randomised into two groups. First group receiving oxygen through Non Rebreathing Mask (NRM group) and second group receiving oxygen through High Flow Nasal Cannula (HFNC group). All the participants were followed-up with clinical examinations and investigations and outcomes were noted. Statistical analysis was done using Statistical Package for Social Sciences (SPSS) software, Chi-square test and student's t-test used, p-value <0.05 was considered as statistically significant. Results: There was a significant reduction in duration of oxygen required in the HFNC group (mean duration in hours: 13.98±6.612) when compared to NRM group (mean duration in hours: 26.70±4.81). The mean length of hospital stay was lesser in HFNC group (3.65±1.460 days) when compared to NRM group (5.35±1.657 days). Comparison of heart rate between the two groups showed a statistically significant decrease in mean heart rate (144.0±7.2) as early as 2 hours (p-value 0.010) after initiation of HFNC when compared to NRM group (148.1±6.5). respiratory rate was significantly reduced when compared from 2 hours (p-value<0.001) of initiation of intervention, with HFNC group showing higher percentage of reduction in respiratory rate than NRM group. Mean SpO2 levels were higher in HFNC group when compared to NRM group at various time intervals, though not significant statistically. Conclusion: High flow nasal cannula, under monitoring, could safely be used in paediatric wards in infants and children with mild and moderate bronchiolitis.
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Abstract
Several reports have revealed the superior biological activity of metal ion-flavonoid complexes when compared with the parent flavonoid. Among the different metal ions explored, vanadium and its compounds are in the forefront because of their anticancer and antidiabetic properties. However, the toxicity of vanadium-based ions and their inorganic derivatives limits their therapeutic applications. Complexation of vanadium with flavonoids not only reduces its adverse effects but also augments its biological activity. This Review discusses the nature of coordination in vanadium-flavonoid complexes, their structure-activity correlations, with special emphasis on their therapeutic activities. Several investigations suggest that the superior biological activity of vanadium complexes arise because of their ability to regulate metabolic pathways distinct from those acted upon by vanadium alone. These studies serve to decipher the underlying molecular mechanism of vanadium-flavonoid complexes that can be explored further for generating a series of novel compounds with improved pharmacological and therapeutic performance.
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9
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Mani M, Okla MK, Selvaraj S, Ram Kumar A, Kumaresan S, Muthukumaran A, Kaviyarasu K, El-Tayeb MA, Elbadawi YB, Almaary KS, Ahmed Almunqedhi BM, Elshikh MS. A novel biogenic Allium cepa leaf mediated silver nanoparticles for antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anticancer effects on MCF-7 cell line. Environ Res 2021; 198:111199. [PMID: 33932479 DOI: 10.1016/j.envres.2021.111199] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2021] [Revised: 04/11/2021] [Accepted: 04/12/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
In the present study, Allium cepa leaf extract was utilized to reduce the silver nitrate into the nanoscale range of silver ions (Ag NPs). The biosynthesized Ag NPs were extensively characterized by X-ray diffraction analysis (XRD), Dynamic light scattering analysis (DLS), UV-Visible spectroscopy (UV-vis), Transmission electron microscopy (TEM), Energy dispersive X-ray analysis (EDX) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR). The antioxidant activity of synthesized Ag NPs was verified by DPPH assay. From the results obtained from XRD and DLS studies, the size of Ag NPs was determined to be around 54.3 nm. The measured zeta potential value of -19.1 mV confirms the excellent stability of biosynthesized Ag NPs. TEM analyses reveal that the biosynthesized Ag NPs have a spherical structure of 13 nm in size. The presence of various functional groups was confirmed through FTIR studies and EDAX verifies the weight percentage of silver content in biosynthesized nanoparticles to be 30.33%. In the present study, anti-cancer activity was carried out by using breast cancer cell line MCF-7. Further, silver nanoparticles exhibited antimicrobial effectiveness against gram-positive Bacillus cereus and gram-negative Escherichia coli. The MTT assay also showed better cytotoxic activity against the MCF- 7 cell line.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Mani
- Spectrophysics Research Laboratory, PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar - 604407, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Mohammad K Okla
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia.
| | - S Selvaraj
- Department of Science and Humanities, St. Joseph College of Engineering, Sriperumbudur - 602117, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - A Ram Kumar
- PG and Research Department of Biochemistry, Indo- American College, Cheyyar - 604407, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kumaresan
- Spectrophysics Research Laboratory, PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar - 604407, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Azhaguchamy Muthukumaran
- Department of Biotechnology, Kalasalingam Academy of Research and Education, Krishnankoil, Tamilnadu, India
| | - K Kaviyarasu
- UNESCO-UNISA Africa Chair in Nanosciences/Nanotechnology Laboratories, College of Graduate Studies, University of South Africa (UNISA), Muckleneuk Ridge, PO Box 392, Pretoria, South Africa; Nanosciences African Network (NANOAFNET), Materials Research Group (MRG), IThemba LABS-National Research Foundation (NRF), 1 Old Faure Road, 7129, PO Box 722, Somerset West, Western Cape Province, South Africa.
| | - Mohamed A El-Tayeb
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Yahya B Elbadawi
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | - Khalid S Almaary
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
| | | | - Mohamed Soliman Elshikh
- Department of Botany and Microbiology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, 11451, Saudi Arabia
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Selvaraj S, K.N. S, Sundaram RM, S.R, Anbalagan C, S.R, J.S. Is in vivo biodistribution and toxicity assessment of human mesenchymal stromal cells in rodent model relevant to organ targeted clinical trials? Cytotherapy 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/s1465324921003571] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Settu J, Selvaraj S, Venkatasamy S. Clinical and Cardiorespiratory Polygraphy Profile in Children with Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome: A Cross-sectional Study. J Clin Diagn Res 2021. [DOI: 10.7860/jcdr/2021/51559.15506] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Introduction: Cardiorespiratory Polygraphy (CRP) is a less costly and simplified alternative to time consuming and laborious over night polysomnography for diagnosis of Obstructive Sleep Apnoea Syndrome (OSAS) in children. The Apnoea Hypopnea Index (AHI) is simple and useful index that can be estimated by using CRP. The magnitude of AHI which reflects severity of OSAS is unknown in the paediatric population. Aim: To describe the clinical characteristics and to estimate AHI in a population of children with obstructive sleep apnoea and hypopnea syndrome. Materials and Methods: This cross-sectional observational study was conducted on 1500 children, below 12 years of age, from January 2018 to November 2018. They were screened using Paediatric Sleep Questionnaire (PSQ) in the Outpatient Departments of General Paediatrics and Pulmonology respectively, at the Institute of Child Health and Hospital for Children, Chennai, Tamil Nadu, India. Those children identified to have probable OSAS were made to undergo cardiorespiratory assessment. Children with craniofacial syndromes and congenital heart disease were excluded from the study. Anthropometric parameters, vital signs, and Body Mass Index (BMI) were recorded. AHI and oxyhaemoglobin desaturation index were estimated in CRP. After descriptive analysis, non parametric Mann-Whitney test was used to find out any significant difference in median values of AHI in clinical subgroups. Regression analysis was done between AHI values and BMI. Results: Total 47 children were subjected to cardiorespiratory polygraphy. There was no statistically significant difference in gender distribution and prevalence of adenoid enlargement (p-value=0.1447 and 0.7705, respectively). It was found that maximum occurrence of OSAS was at the age of 6 years (25.5%). Based on AHI score 44.7% children fell in moderate to severe OSAS category. There was a poor correlation between BMI scores and AHI, though no significant difference was observed (r=-0.266, p-value=0.07087). The difference in median AHI between males and females was not statistically significant (p-value=0.5256), while that between children with/without adenoid enlargement was statistically significant (p-value ≤0.001). Conclusion: Children with adenoid hypertrophy have higher AHI than children without adenoid hypertrophy. There is lack of evidence for male predominance in the study. Obesity poorly correlated with AHI score.
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Selvaraj S, Claggett B, Veldhuisen D, Anand I, Pieske B, Rouleau J, Zile M, Shi V, Lefkowitz M, McMurray J, Solomon S. Serum uric acid, influence of sacubitril/valsartan, and cardiovascular outcomes in heart failure with preserved ejection fraction: PARAGON-HF. Eur Heart J 2020. [DOI: 10.1093/ehjci/ehaa946.1066] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Serum uric acid (SUA) is a biomarker of several pathobiologies relevant to the pathogenesis of heart failure with preserved ejection fraction (HFpEF), though by itself may also worsen outcomes. In HF with reduced EF, SUA is independently associated with adverse outcomes and sacubitril/valsartan reduces SUA compared to enalapril. These effects in HFpEF have not been delineated.
Purpose
To determine the prognostic value of SUA, relationship of change in SUA to quality of life and outcomes, and influence of sacubitril/valsartan on SUA in HFpEF.
Methods
We analyzed 4,795 participants from the Prospective Comparison of ARNI with ARB Global Outcomes in HF with Preserved Ejection Fraction (PARAGON-HF) trial. We related baseline hyperuricemia to the primary outcome (CV death and total HF hospitalization), its components, myocardial infarction or stroke, and a renal composite outcome. At the 4-month visit, the relationship between SUA change and Kansas City Cardiomyopathy Questionnaire overall summary score (KCCQ-OSS) and several biomarkers including N-terminal pro-B-type natriuretic peptide (NT-proBNP) were also assessed. We simultaneously adjusted for baseline and time-updated SUA to determine whether lowering SUA was associated with clinical benefit.
Results
Average age was 73±8 years and 52% were women. After multivariable adjustment, hyperuricemia was associated with increased risk for most outcomes (primary outcome HR 1.61, 95% CI 1.37, 1.90, Fig 1A). The treatment effect of sacubitril/valsartan for the primary outcome was not modified by baseline SUA (interaction p=0.11). Sacubitril/valsartan reduced SUA −0.38 mg/dL (95% CI: −0.45, −0.31) compared with valsartan (Fig 1B), with greater effect in those with baseline hyperuricemia (−0.50 mg/dL) (interaction p=0.013). Change in SUA was independently and inversely associated with change in KCCQ-OSS (p=0.019) and eGFR (p<0.001), but not NT-proBNP (p=0.52). Time-updated SUA was a stronger predictor of adverse outcomes over baseline SUA.
Conclusions
SUA independently predicts adverse outcomes in HFpEF. Sacubitril/valsartan significantly reduces SUA compared to valsartan, an effect that was stronger in those with higher baseline SUA, and reducing SUA was associated with improved outcomes.
Funding Acknowledgement
Type of funding source: Private company. Main funding source(s): Novartis
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Affiliation(s)
- S Selvaraj
- Hospital of the University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, United States of America
| | - B.L Claggett
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
| | - D.V Veldhuisen
- University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, Netherlands (The)
| | - I.S Anand
- University of Minnesota, Minneapolis, United States of America
| | - B Pieske
- German Center for Cardiovascular Research, Berlin, Germany
| | | | - M.R Zile
- Medical University of South Carolina, Charleston, United States of America
| | - V.C Shi
- Novartis, East Hanover, United States of America
| | | | - J.J.V McMurray
- Cardiovascular Research Centre of Glasgow, Glasgow, United Kingdom
| | - S.D Solomon
- Brigham and Women's Hospital, Boston, United States of America
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Patidar A, Selvaraj S, Chauhan P, Guzman CA, Ebensen T, Sarkar A, Chattopadhyay D, Saha B. Peptidoglycan-treated tumor antigen-pulsed dendritic cells impart complete resistance against tumor rechallenge. Clin Exp Immunol 2020; 201:279-288. [PMID: 32443171 DOI: 10.1111/cei.13468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2019] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 05/12/2020] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Solid tumors elicit suppressive T cell responses which impair antigen-presenting cell (APC) functions. Such immune suppression results in uncontrolled tumor growth and mortality. Addressing APC dysfunction, dendritic cell (DC)-mediated anti-tumor vaccination was extensively investigated in both mice and humans. These studies never achieved full resistance to tumor relapse. Herein, we describe a repetitive RM-1 murine tumor rechallenge model for recurrence in humans. Using this newly developed model, we show that priming with tumor antigen-pulsed, Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 ligand-activated DCs elicits a host-protective anti-tumor immune response in C57BL/6 mice. Upon stimulation with the TLR2 ligand peptidoglycan (PGN), the tumor antigen-pulsed DCs induce complete resistance to repetitive tumor challenges. Intra-tumoral injection of PGN reduces tumor growth. The tumor resistance is accompanied by increased expression of interleukin (IL)-27, T-box transcription factor TBX21 (T-bet), IL-12, tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interferon (IFN)-γ, along with heightened cytotoxic T lymphocyte (CTL) functions. Mice primed four times with PGN-stimulated tumor antigen-pulsed DCs remain entirely resistant to repeat challenges with RM-1 tumor cells, suggesting complete prevention of relapse and recurrence of tumor. Adoptive transfer of T cells from these mice, which were fully protected from RM-1 rechallenge, confers anti-tumor immunity to syngeneic naive recipient mice upon RM-1 challenge. These observations indicate that PGN-activated DCs induce robust host-protective anti-tumor T cells that completely resist tumor growth and recurrence.
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Affiliation(s)
- A Patidar
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
| | - S Selvaraj
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
| | - P Chauhan
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India
| | - C A Guzman
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - T Ebensen
- Helmholtz Centre for Infection Research (HZI), Braunschweig, Germany
| | - A Sarkar
- Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, India
| | | | - B Saha
- National Centre for Cell Science, Pune, India.,Trident Academy of Creative Technology, Bhubaneswar, India.,National Institute of Traditional Medicine, Belagavi, India
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Selvaraj S, Rajkumar P, Kesavan M, Thirunavukkarasu K, Gunasekaran S, Devi NS, Kumaresan S. Spectroscopic and structural investigations on modafinil by FT-IR, FT-Raman, NMR, UV-Vis and DFT methods. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2020; 224:117449. [PMID: 31422339 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2019.117449] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2019] [Revised: 08/03/2019] [Accepted: 08/03/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Chiral sulfoxide based smart drug modafinil were studied experimentally and theoretically. Vibrational spectra were recorded in the mid IR region and electronic spectra were recorded in UV-Visible region. The molecular geometry, vibrational spectra, magnetic spectra and electronic spectra were simulated using Density Functional Theory (DFT) employed with B3LYP/6-311++G(d,p) basis set. The molecular geometry optimization, vibrational frequencies, chemical shifts and solvent effect on electronic properties were reported. The intermolecular interactions have been studied by Hirshfeld surface analysis. There is good agreement was found between calculated and observed values, thereby to confirm the molecular structure of modafinil.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Selvaraj
- Spectrophysics Research Laboratory, PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, 604407, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Physics, Indo - American College, Cheyyar 604407, Tamil Nadu, India.
| | - P Rajkumar
- Spectrophysics Research Laboratory, PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, 604407, Tamil Nadu, India; PG and Research Department of Physics, King Nandhivarman College of Arts and Science, Thellar 604406, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - M Kesavan
- Interdisciplinary Institute of Indian System of Medicine, SRM Institute of Science and Technology, Kattankulathur, Chennai 603203, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - K Thirunavukkarasu
- Spectrophysics Research Laboratory, PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, 604407, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Gunasekaran
- Sophisticated Analytical Instrumentation Facility, St. Peter's Institute of Higher Education and Research, St. Peters University, Avadi, Chennai 600054, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - N Saradha Devi
- PG and Research Department of Chemistry, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar 604407, Tamil Nadu, India; Department of Chemistry, Annamalai University, Annamalai Nagar, Chidambaram 608002, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - S Kumaresan
- Spectrophysics Research Laboratory, PG and Research Department of Physics, Arignar Anna Government Arts College, Cheyyar, 604407, Tamil Nadu, India
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Bhalerao G, Selvaraj S, Parlikar R, Sreeraj V, Shivakumar V, Damodharan D, Chhabra H, Bose A, Narayanaswamy J, Rao N, Venkatasubramanian G. White Matter Correlates of Electric Field Activity in HD-tDCS for Schizophrenia: A Computational Neuromodeling Study. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.649] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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16
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Parlikar R, Bhalerao G, Selvaraj S, Dinakaran D, Chhabra H, Sreeraj V, Shivakumar V, Bose A, Narayanaswamy J, Rao N, Venkatasubramanian G. Effect of High-definition transcranial direct current stimulation (HD-tDCS) on auditory hallucinations in schizophrenia: Correlates with Gray Matter Volume. Brain Stimul 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.brs.2018.12.654] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
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17
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Farooqui H, Mehta A, Selvaraj S. The impact assessment of Scheduel H1 on the sales of over-the-counter antibiotics in India: Evidence from quasi-experimental research design. Int J Infect Dis 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijid.2018.11.269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
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18
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Abstract
This review attempts to draw on the published literature to address three practical clinical questions. First, what means of testing the degree of regional blockade pre-operatively are available, and can eventual success or failure be determined soon after injection? Second, is it possible to predict if a block inserted after the induction of general anaesthesia will be effective when the patient wakes? Third, what features, and what duration, should cause concern when a block does not resolve as expected after surgery? Although the relevant literature is limited, we recommend testing of multiple sensory modalities before surgery commences; temperature and thermographic changes may offer additional early warning of success or failure. There are a number of existing methods of assessing nociception under general anaesthesia, but none has yet been applied to gauge the onset of a regional block. Finally, criteria for further investigation and neurological referral when block symptoms persist postoperatively are presented.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Ode
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK
| | - S Selvaraj
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK
| | - A F Smith
- Department of Anaesthesia, Royal Lancaster Infirmary, Lancaster, UK
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Thirunavukkarasu K, Rajkumar P, Selvaraj S, Gunasekaran S, Kumaresan S. Electronic structure, vibrational (FT-IR and FT-Raman), UV–Vis and NMR analysis of 5-(4-(2-(5-ethylpyridin-2-yl) ethoxy) benzyl) thiazolidine-2,4-dione by quantum chemical method. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2018.09.006] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/28/2022]
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20
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Selvaraj S, Rajkumar P, Kesavan M, Gunasekaran S, Kumaresan S. Experimental and theoretical investigations on spectroscopic properties of tropicamide. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.06.097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
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Thirunavukkarasu K, Rajkumar P, Selvaraj S, Suganya R, Kesavan M, Gunasekaran S, Kumaresan S. Vibrational (FT-IR and FT-Raman), electronic (UV–Vis), NMR (1H and 13C) spectra and molecular docking analyses of anticancer molecule 4-hydroxy-3-methoxycinnamaldehyde. J Mol Struct 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2018.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
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22
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Rajkumar P, Selvaraj S, Suganya R, Velmurugan D, Gunasekaran S, Kumaresan S. Vibrational and electronic spectral analysis of thymol an isomer of carvacrol isolated from Trachyspermum ammi seed: A combined experimental and theoretical study. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.cdc.2018.03.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Arnone D, Wise T, Walker C, Cowen PJ, Howes O, Selvaraj S. The effects of serotonin modulation on medial prefrontal connectivity strength and stability: A pharmacological fMRI study with citalopram. Prog Neuropsychopharmacol Biol Psychiatry 2018; 84:152-159. [PMID: 29409920 PMCID: PMC5886357 DOI: 10.1016/j.pnpbp.2018.01.021] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/09/2017] [Revised: 01/12/2018] [Accepted: 01/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Static and dynamic functional connectivity are being increasingly used to measure the effects of disease and a range of different interventions on brain networks. While preliminary evidence suggests that static connectivity can be modulated by chronic antidepressants administration in healthy individuals and in major depression, much less is known about the acute effects of antidepressants especially on dynamic functional connectivity changes. Here we examine acute effects of antidepressants on dynamic functional connectivity within the default mode network. The default mode network is a well described network with many functions in which the role of serotonin is not clear. METHODS In this work we measured acute pharmacological effects of an infusion of the selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) citalopram (10 mg) in a sample of thirteen healthy volunteers randomised to receive on two occasions the active compound or placebo in a cross over dosing. RESULTS Acute citalopram administration relative to placebo increased static connectivity between the medial prefrontal cortex and right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior cingulate cortex. The SSRI also induced a reduction in variability of connectivity with the medial prefrontal cortex in the precuneus and posterior cingulate cortex. DISCUSSION The measured changes are compatible with modified serotonin cortical availability.
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Affiliation(s)
- D Arnone
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; South London and Maudsley NHS Foundation Trust, UK.
| | - T Wise
- Centre for Affective Disorders, Department of Psychological Medicine, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology & Neuroscience, King's College London, London, UK; Max Planck UCL Centre for Computational Psychiatry and Ageing Research, University College London, London, UK; Wellcome Trust Centre for Neuroimaging, University College London, London, UK
| | - C Walker
- UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA
| | - P J Cowen
- Neurosciences Building, Department of Psychiatry, University of Oxford, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - O Howes
- Medical Research Council Clinical Sciences Centre (CSC), Institute of Clinical Sciences (ICS), Imperial College London, UK; Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King's College London, UK
| | - S Selvaraj
- UT Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, The University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, Texas, USA.
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Selvaraj S, Suresh MR, McLean G, Willans D, Turner C, Haines DM, Longenecker M, Noujaim A. A Molecular Approach to Immunoscintigraphy: A Study of the T-Antigen Conformation on the Surface of Tumors. Nuklearmedizin 2018. [DOI: 10.1055/s-0038-1624353] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
The role of glycoconjugates in tumor cell differentiation has been well documented. We have examined the expression of the two anomers of the Thomsen-Friedenreich antigen on the surface of human, canine and murine tumor cell membranes both in vitro and in vivo. This has been accomplished through the synthesis of the disaccharide terminal residues in both a and ß configuration. Both entities were used to generate murine monoclonal antibodies which recognized the carbohydrate determinants. The determination of fine specificities of these antibodies was effected by means of cellular uptake, immunohistopathology and immunoscintigraphy. Examination of pathological specimens of human and canine tumor tissue indicated that the expressed antigen was in the β configuration. More than 89% of all human carcinomas tested expressed the antigen in the above anomeric form. The combination of synthetic antigens and monoclonal antibodies raised specifically against them provide us with invaluable tools for the study of tumor marker expression in humans and their respective animal tumor models.
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25
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Madhurantakam S, Selvaraj S, Rayappan JBB, Krishnan UM. Exploring hesperidin-copper complex as an enzyme mimic for monitoring macrophage activity. J Solid State Electrochem 2018. [DOI: 10.1007/s10008-018-3883-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022]
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26
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Wise T, Radua J, Via E, Cardoner N, Abe O, Adams TM, Amico F, Cheng Y, Cole JH, de Azevedo Marques Périco C, Dickstein DP, Farrow TFD, Frodl T, Wagner G, Gotlib IH, Gruber O, Ham BJ, Job DE, Kempton MJ, Kim MJ, Koolschijn PCMP, Malhi GS, Mataix-Cols D, McIntosh AM, Nugent AC, O'Brien JT, Pezzoli S, Phillips ML, Sachdev PS, Salvadore G, Selvaraj S, Stanfield AC, Thomas AJ, van Tol MJ, van der Wee NJA, Veltman DJ, Young AH, Fu CH, Cleare AJ, Arnone D. Common and distinct patterns of grey-matter volume alteration in major depression and bipolar disorder: evidence from voxel-based meta-analysis. Mol Psychiatry 2017; 22:1455-1463. [PMID: 27217146 PMCID: PMC5622121 DOI: 10.1038/mp.2016.72] [Citation(s) in RCA: 357] [Impact Index Per Article: 51.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2015] [Revised: 03/01/2016] [Accepted: 03/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Abstract
Finding robust brain substrates of mood disorders is an important target for research. The degree to which major depression (MDD) and bipolar disorder (BD) are associated with common and/or distinct patterns of volumetric changes is nevertheless unclear. Furthermore, the extant literature is heterogeneous with respect to the nature of these changes. We report a meta-analysis of voxel-based morphometry (VBM) studies in MDD and BD. We identified studies published up to January 2015 that compared grey matter in MDD (50 data sets including 4101 individuals) and BD (36 data sets including 2407 individuals) using whole-brain VBM. We used statistical maps from the studies included where available and reported peak coordinates otherwise. Group comparisons and conjunction analyses identified regions in which the disorders showed common and distinct patterns of volumetric alteration. Both disorders were associated with lower grey-matter volume relative to healthy individuals in a number of areas. Conjunction analysis showed smaller volumes in both disorders in clusters in the dorsomedial and ventromedial prefrontal cortex, including the anterior cingulate cortex and bilateral insula. Group comparisons indicated that findings of smaller grey-matter volumes relative to controls in the right dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and left hippocampus, along with cerebellar, temporal and parietal regions were more substantial in major depression. These results suggest that MDD and BD are characterised by both common and distinct patterns of grey-matter volume changes. This combination of differences and similarities has the potential to inform the development of diagnostic biomarkers for these conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- T Wise
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - J Radua
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Research Unit, FIDMAG Germanes Hospitalàries – CIBERSAM, Sant Boi de Llobregat, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - E Via
- Mental Health, Parc Taulí Sabadell-CIBERSAM, University Hospital, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
- Department of Psychiatry, Bellvitge University Hospital-IDIBELL, Barcelona, Spain
| | - N Cardoner
- Mental Health, Parc Taulí Sabadell-CIBERSAM, University Hospital, Sabadell, Barcelona, Spain
| | - O Abe
- Department of Radiology, Nihon University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - T M Adams
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - F Amico
- Department of Psychiatry, Trinity College Institute of Neuroscience, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - Y Cheng
- Department of Psychiatry, The 1st Affiliated Hospital of Kunming Medical University, Kunming, PR China
| | - J H Cole
- Computational, Cognitive and Clinical Neuroimaging Laboratory, Department of Medicine, Imperial College London, London, UK
| | - C de Azevedo Marques Périco
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, Fundação do ABC, Santo André, SP, Brazil
- ABC Center of Studies on Mental Health, Santo André, SP, Brazil
| | - D P Dickstein
- PediMIND Program, Bradley Hospital, Department of Psychiatry, Brown University, East Providence, RI, USA
| | - T F D Farrow
- Academic Clinical Neurology, Department of Neuroscience, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - T Frodl
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Otto-von-Guericke University, Magdeburg, Germany
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Dublin, Trinity College, Dublin, Ireland
| | - G Wagner
- Psychiatric Brain and Body Research Group Jena, Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Jena University Hospital, Jena, Germany
| | - I H Gotlib
- Department of Psychology, Stanford University, Stanford, CA, USA
| | - O Gruber
- Section for Experimental Psychopathology and Neuroimaging, Department of General Psychiatry, Heidelberg University Hospital, Heidelberg, Germany
| | - B J Ham
- Department of Psychiatry, Korea University College of Medicine, Seoul, South Korea
| | - D E Job
- Neuroimaging Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
- Scottish Imaging Network–A Platform for Scientific Excellence (SINAPSE), Giffnock, UK
- Centre for Clinical Brain Sciences, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - M J Kempton
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroimaging, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - M J Kim
- Department of Psychological and Brain Sciences, Dartmouth College, Hanover, NH, USA
| | - P C M P Koolschijn
- Department of Psychology, Dutch Autism and ADHD Research Center, Brain and Cognition, University of Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - G S Malhi
- CADE Clinic, Discipline of Psychiatry, Sydney Medical School, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - D Mataix-Cols
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - A M McIntosh
- Division of Psychiatry, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A C Nugent
- Experimental Therapeutics and Pathophysiology Branch, Intramural Research Program, National Institute of Mental Health, National Institutes of Health, Bethesda, MD, USA
| | - J T O'Brien
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Cambridge, Cambridge, UK
| | - S Pezzoli
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- Department of Neuroscience, Medical School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - M L Phillips
- Department of Psychiatry, University of Pittsburgh, School of Medicine, Pittsburgh, PA
| | - P S Sachdev
- Centre for Healthy Brain Ageing (CHeBA), School of Psychiatry, University of New South Wales, Randwick, NSW, Australia
- Neuropsychiatric Institute, Prince of Wales Hospital, Randwick, NSW, Australia
| | - G Salvadore
- Janssen Research and Development, Titusville, NJ, USA
| | - S Selvaraj
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, Center of Excellence on Mood Disorders, Medical School, University of Texas Health Science Center at Houston, Houston, TX, USA
| | - A C Stanfield
- The Patrick Wild Centre, Royal Edinburgh Hospital, University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
| | - A J Thomas
- Institute for Ageing and Health, Newcastle University, Campus for Ageing and Vitality, Newcastle upon Tyne, UK
| | - M J van Tol
- NeuroImaging Center, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - N J A van der Wee
- Department of Psychiatry, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden University, Leiden, The Netherlands
- Leiden Institute for Brain and Cognition, Leiden, The Netherlands
| | - D J Veltman
- Department of Psychiatry, VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - A H Young
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - C H Fu
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
- School of Psychology, University of East London, London, UK
| | - A J Cleare
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
| | - D Arnone
- Department of Psychological Medicine, Centre for Affective Disorders, Institute of Psychiatry, Psychology and Neuroscience, King’s College London, London, UK
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Govindasamy M, Mani V, Chen SM, Maiyalagan T, Selvaraj S, Chen TW, Lee SY, Chang WH. Highly sensitive determination of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug nimesulide using electrochemically reduced graphene oxide nanoribbons. RSC Adv 2017. [DOI: 10.1039/c7ra02844j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Preparation of an electrochemically reduced graphene nanoribbon (ER-GONR) film modified screen-printed carbon electrode for the highly sensitive determination of nimesulide.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mani Govindasamy
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Veerappan Mani
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei
- Republic of China
- Graduate Institute of Biomedical and Biochemical Engineering
| | - Shen-Ming Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | | | - S. Selvaraj
- Bishop Heber College (Autonomous)
- Tiruchirappalli-620017
- India
| | - Tse-Wei Chen
- Department of Chemical Engineering and Biotechnology
- National Taipei University of Technology
- Taipei
- Republic of China
| | - Shih-Yi Lee
- Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine
- MacKay Memorial Hospital
- MacKay Medicine
- Nursing and Management College
- Taiwan
| | - Wen-Han Chang
- MacKay Memorial College Department of Cardiology
- MacKay Memorial Hospital
- Taiwan
- Department of Emergency Medicine
- MacKay Memorial Hospital
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Saravanan KM, Suvaithenamudhan S, Parthasarathy S, Selvaraj S. Pairwise contact energy statistical potentials can help to find probability of point mutations. Proteins 2016; 85:54-64. [PMID: 27761949 DOI: 10.1002/prot.25191] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2016] [Revised: 06/16/2016] [Accepted: 10/13/2016] [Indexed: 11/10/2022]
Abstract
To adopt a particular fold, a protein requires several interactions between its amino acid residues. The energetic contribution of these residue-residue interactions can be approximated by extracting statistical potentials from known high resolution structures. Several methods based on statistical potentials extracted from unrelated proteins are found to make a better prediction of probability of point mutations. We postulate that the statistical potentials extracted from known structures of similar folds with varying sequence identity can be a powerful tool to examine probability of point mutation. By keeping this in mind, we have derived pairwise residue and atomic contact energy potentials for the different functional families that adopt the (α/β)8 TIM-Barrel fold. We carried out computational point mutations at various conserved residue positions in yeast Triose phosphate isomerase enzyme for which experimental results are already reported. We have also performed molecular dynamics simulations on a subset of point mutants to make a comparative study. The difference in pairwise residue and atomic contact energy of wildtype and various point mutations reveals probability of mutations at a particular position. Interestingly, we found that our computational prediction agrees with the experimental studies of Silverman et al. (Proc Natl Acad Sci 2001;98:3092-3097) and perform better prediction than iMutant and Cologne University Protein Stability Analysis Tool. The present work thus suggests deriving pairwise contact energy potentials and molecular dynamics simulations of functionally important folds could help us to predict probability of point mutations which may ultimately reduce the time and cost of mutation experiments. Proteins 2016; 85:54-64. © 2016 Wiley Periodicals, Inc.
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Affiliation(s)
- K M Saravanan
- Centre of Advanced Study in Crystallography and Biophysics, University of Madras, Guindy Campus, Chennai, Tamilnadu, 600 025, India
| | - S Suvaithenamudhan
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tirchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - S Parthasarathy
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tirchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
| | - S Selvaraj
- Department of Bioinformatics, School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University, Tirchirappalli, Tamilnadu, 620 024, India
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Sugunakala S, Selvaraj S. 2D QSAR and Virtual Screening based on Pyridopyrimidine Analogs of Epidermal Growth Factor Receptor Tyrosine Kinase. Curr Comput Aided Drug Des 2016; 12:229-240. [DOI: 10.2174/1573409912666160606150323] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2015] [Revised: 10/14/2015] [Accepted: 05/26/2016] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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Li M, Foli Y, Liu Z, Wang G, Hu Y, Lu Q, Selvaraj S, Lam W, Paintsil E. High frequency of mitochondrial DNA mutations in HIV-infected treatment-experienced individuals. HIV Med 2016; 18:45-55. [PMID: 27328746 PMCID: PMC5132110 DOI: 10.1111/hiv.12390] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/06/2016] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES We recently observed a decrease in deoxyribonucleotide (dNTP) pools in HIV-infected individuals on antiretroviral therapy (ART). Alterations in dNTPs result in mutations in mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) in cell culture and animal models. Therefore, we investigated whether ART is associated with mitochondrial genome sequence variation in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) of HIV-infected treatment-experienced individuals. METHODS In this substudy of a case-control study, 71 participants were included: 22 'cases', who were HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients with mitochondrial toxicity, 25 HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients without mitochondrial toxicity, and 24 HIV-uninfected controls. Total DNA was extracted from PBMCs and purified polymerase chain reaction (PCR) products were subjected to third-generation sequencing using the PacBio Single Molecule Real-Time (SMRT) sequencing technology. The sequences were aligned against the revised Cambridge reference sequence for human mitochondrial DNA (NC_012920.1) for detection of variants. RESULTS We identified a total of 123 novel variants, 39 of them in the coding region. HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients with and without toxicity had significantly higher average numbers of mitochondrial variants per participant than HIV-uninfected controls. We observed a higher burden of mtDNA large-scale deletions in HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients with toxicity compared with HIV-uninfected controls (P = 0.02). The frequency of mtDNA molecules containing a common deletion (mt.δ4977) was higher in HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients with toxicity compared with HIV-uninfected controls (P = 0.06). There was no statistically significant difference in mtDNA variants between HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients with and without toxicity. CONCLUSIONS The frequency of mtDNA variants (mutations and large-scale deletions) was higher in HIV-infected treatment-experienced patients with or without ART-induced toxicity than in uninfected controls.
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Affiliation(s)
- M Li
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Y Foli
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Z Liu
- Department of Pathology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - G Wang
- Yale Center for Genome Analysis, Yale School of Medicine, West Haven, CT, USA
| | - Y Hu
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - Q Lu
- School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - S Selvaraj
- Department of Human Oncology and Pathogenesis Program, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center (MSKCC), New York, NY, USA
| | - W Lam
- Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
| | - E Paintsil
- Department of Pediatrics, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA.,School of Public Health, Yale University, New Haven, CT, USA.,Department of Pharmacology, Yale School of Medicine, New Haven, CT, USA
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Saranya N, Saravanan KM, Michael Gromiha M, Selvaraj S. Analysis of secondary structural and physicochemical changes in protein-protein complexes. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2015; 34:508-16. [PMID: 25990569 DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2015.1050695] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
Conformation switching in protein-protein complexes is considered important for the molecular recognition process. Overall analysis of 123 protein-protein complexes in a benchmark data-set showed that 6.8% of residues switched over their secondary structure conformation upon complex formation. Amino acid residue-wise preference for conformation change has been analyzed in binding and non-binding site residues separately. In this analysis, residues such as Ser, Leu, Glu, and Lys had higher frequency of secondary structural conformation change. The change of helix to coil and sheet to coil conformation and vice versa has been observed frequently, whereas the conformation change of helix to extended sheet occurred rarely in the studied complexes. Influence of conformation change toward the N and C terminal on either side of the binding site residues has been analyzed. Further, analysis on φ and ψ angle variation, conservation, stability, and solvent accessibility have been performed on binding site residues. Knowledge obtained from the present study could be effectively employed in the protein-protein modeling and docking studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- N Saranya
- a Department of Bioinformatics , School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli 620024 , India.,b Department of Plant Molecular Biology and Bioinformatics , Tamil Nadu Agricultural University , Coimbatore , Tamil Nadu 641003 , India
| | - K M Saravanan
- a Department of Bioinformatics , School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli 620024 , India.,c Center of Excellence in Bioinformatics, School of Biotechnology , Madurai Kamaraj University , Madurai , Tamil Nadu 625 021 , India
| | - M Michael Gromiha
- d Department of Biotechnology , Indian Institute of Technology Madras , Chennai , Tamil Nadu 600036 , India
| | - S Selvaraj
- a Department of Bioinformatics , School of Life Sciences, Bharathidasan University , Tiruchirappalli 620024 , India
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Selvaraj S, Krishnaswamy S, Devashya V, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM. Influence of membrane lipid composition on flavonoid-membrane interactions: Implications on their biological activity. Prog Lipid Res 2014; 58:1-13. [PMID: 25479162 DOI: 10.1016/j.plipres.2014.11.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 76] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/29/2014] [Accepted: 11/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/22/2023]
Abstract
The membrane interactions and localization of flavonoids play a vital role in altering membrane-mediated cell signaling cascades as well as influence the pharmacological activities such as anti-tumour, anti-microbial and anti-oxidant properties of flavonoids. Various techniques have been used to investigate the membrane interaction of flavonoids. These include partition coefficient, fluorescence anisotropy, differential scanning calorimetry, NMR spectroscopy, electrophysiological methods and molecular dynamics simulations. Each technique will provide specific information about either alteration of membrane fluidity or localization of flavonoids within the lipid bilayer. Apart from the diverse techniques employed, the concentrations of flavonoids and lipid membrane composition employed in various studies reported in literature also are different and together these variables contribute to diverse findings that sometimes contradict each other. This review highlights different techniques employed to investigate the membrane interaction of flavonoids with special emphasis on erythrocyte model membrane systems and their significance in understanding the nature and extent of flavonoid-membrane interactions. We also attempt to correlate the membrane localization and alteration in membrane fluidity with the biological activities of flavonoids such as anti-oxidant, anti-cancer and anti-microbial properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalin Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Sridharan Krishnaswamy
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Venkappayya Devashya
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical & Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, India.
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Beck K, McCutcheon R, Bloomfield MAP, Gaughran F, Reis Marques T, MacCabe J, Selvaraj S, Taylor D, Howes OD. The practical management of refractory schizophrenia--the Maudsley Treatment REview and Assessment Team service approach. Acta Psychiatr Scand 2014; 130:427-38. [PMID: 25201058 DOI: 10.1111/acps.12327] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/05/2014] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To describe a practical approach to the community management of treatment-resistant schizophrenia (TRS). METHOD A descriptive review of an approach to the assessment and management of patients with TRS, including the community titration of clozapine treatment, and a report of the management recommendations for the first one hundred patients assessed by the Treatment REview and Assessment Team (TREAT). RESULTS The standardized model for the community assessment, management and titration of clozapine is described. To date, 137 patients have been referred to this service and 100 patients (72%) attended for assessment. Of these, 33 have been initiated on clozapine while fifteen have had clozapine recommended but have not wished to undertake clozapine treatment. Other management options recommended have included augmentation strategies and long-acting injectable antipsychotics. CONCLUSION The service had increased the number of patients receiving community assessment and initiation of clozapine by five-fold relative to the rate prior to the establishment of the service. The large number of referrals and high attendance rate indicates that there is clinical demand for the model. Systematic evaluation is required to determine the clinical and cost-effectiveness of this model and its potential application to other clinical settings.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Beck
- Department of Psychosis Studies, Institute of Psychiatry, King's College London, London, UK
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Selvaraj S, Ramanathan R, Vasudevaraja V, Rajan KS, Krishnaswamy S, Pemiah B, Sethuraman S, Ramakrishnan V, Krishnan UM. Transcriptional regulation of the pregnane-X receptor by the Ayurvedic formulation Chandraprabha Vati. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra13553a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
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Kumar Naik KH, Selvaraj S, Naik N. Metal complexes of ONO donor Schiff base ligand as a new class of bioactive compounds: synthesis, characterization and biological evolution. Spectrochim Acta A Mol Biomol Spectrosc 2014; 131:599-605. [PMID: 24858195 DOI: 10.1016/j.saa.2014.03.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2013] [Revised: 03/12/2014] [Accepted: 03/20/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Present work reviews that, the synthesis of (E)-N'-((7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-8-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide [L] ligand and their metal complexes. The colored complexes were prepared of type [M(2+)L]X2, where M(2+)=Mn, Co, Ni, Cu, Sr and Cd, L=(7-hydroxy-4-methyl-2-oxo-2H-chromen-8-yl)methylene)benzohydrazide, X=Cl(-). Ligand derived from the condensation of 8-formyl-7-hydroxy-4-methylcoumarin and benzohydrazide in the molar ratio 1:1 and in the molar ratio 1:2 for metal complexes have been prepared. The chelation of the ligand to metal ions occurs through the both oxygen groups, as well as the nitrogen atoms of the azomethine group of the ligand. Reactions of the Schiff base ligand with Manganese(II), Cobalt(II), Nickel(II), Copper(II), Strontium(II), and Cadmium(II) afforded the corresponding metal complexes. The structures of the obtained ligand and their respective metal complexes were elucidated by infra-red, elemental analysis, Double beam UV-visible spectra, conductometric measurements, magnetic susceptibility measurements and also thermochemical studies. The metal complex exhibits octahedral coordination geometrical arrangement. Schiff base ligand and their metal complexes were tested against antioxidants, antidiabetic and antimicrobial activities have been studied. The Schiff base metal complexes emerges effective α-glucosidase inhibitory activity than free Schiff base ligand.
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Affiliation(s)
- K H Kumar Naik
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India.
| | - S Selvaraj
- Department of Studies in Zoology, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India
| | - Nagaraja Naik
- Department of Studies in Chemistry, University of Mysore, Manasagangotri, Mysore 570006, Karnataka, India.
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Usha S, Selvaraj S. Structure-wise discrimination of adenine and guanine by proteins on the basis of their nonbonded interactions. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2014; 33:1474-92. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2014.958759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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Kingsley B, KP A, Selvaraj S, Pemiah B. Stereospermum tetragonam as an antidiabetic agent by activating PPARγ and GLUT4. BANGL J PHARMACOL 2014. [DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v9i2.18488] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Selvaraj S, Palanisamy S. Investigations on the anti-diabetic potential of novel marine seaweed Sargassum longiotom against alloxan-induced diabetes mellitus: A pilot study. BANGL J PHARMACOL 2014. [DOI: 10.3329/bjp.v9i2.17304] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022] Open
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Abstract
BACKGROUND Studies in India have identified marked variations in overall tobacco use between socio-economic groups. We examined whether associations between socio-economic status (SES) and tobacco use varied across individual Indian states by tobacco type. METHODS Cross-sectional survey of 100,855 households in 24 Indian states and Union Territories conducted in 2009-2010. Outcome measures were household tobacco consumption by type. Logistic and linear regression models were used to examine associations at the household level between education, income and use and volume of tobacco consumed. RESULTS Overall, 52% of households used any form of tobacco product; the predominant form was smokeless tobacco (22%), followed by bidi (17%) and cigarettes (4%). Increasing household income and higher education level were associated with a higher likelihood of cigarette use but a lower likelihood of bidi and smokeless tobacco use in some Indian states. Increasing household income was associated with higher volumes of cigarette and bidi use among consuming households; however, association between educational level and volume of tobacco consumption was inconsistent. CONCLUSION SES has a varying impact on different types of tobacco use in Indian states. Policy makers should consider socio-economic patterning of tobacco use when designing, implementing and evaluating tobacco control interventions in different states of India.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Agrawal
- South Asia Network for Chronic Disease, Public Health Foundation of India, New Delhi, India.
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Selvaraj S, Krishnaswamy S, Devashya V, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM. Investigations on the membrane interactions of naringin and its complexes with copper and iron: implications for their cytotoxicity. RSC Adv 2014. [DOI: 10.1039/c4ra08157a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Flavonoid glycosides are a group of polyphenols with different glycoside substituents that possess diverse pharmacological activities albeit with lesser potency than their aglycone counterparts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalin Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Sridharan Krishnaswamy
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Venkappayya Devashya
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology & Advanced Biomaterials
- School of Chemical & Biotechnology
- SASTRA University
- Thanjavur – 613 401, India
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Selvaraj S, Rajesh P, Naidu B, Kalkat M, Woolhouse IS. P61 Factors influencing improved lung cancer resection rates 2006 2012; A single centre case cohort study: Abstract P61 Table 1. Thorax 2013. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2013-204457.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Usha S, Selvaraj S. Structure-wise discrimination of cytosine, thymine, and uracil by proteins in terms of their nonbonded interactions. J Biomol Struct Dyn 2013; 32:1686-704. [DOI: 10.1080/07391102.2013.832384] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Kia L, Shah SJ, Wang E, Sharma D, Selvaraj S, Medina C, Cahan J, Mahon H, Levitsky J. Role of pretransplant echocardiographic evaluation in predicting outcomes following liver transplantation. Am J Transplant 2013; 13:2395-401. [PMID: 23915391 DOI: 10.1111/ajt.12385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/30/2012] [Revised: 05/27/2013] [Accepted: 06/02/2013] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Abstract
Maintenance of cardiac function is critical to the survival of patients with end-stage liver disease after liver transplantation (LT). We sought to determine whether pre-LT echocardiographic indices of right heart structure and function were independently predictive of morbidity and mortality post-LT. We retrospectively studied 216 consecutive patients who underwent pre-LT 2-dimensional/Doppler echocardiography with subsequent LT from 2007 to 2010. A blinded reader analyzed multiple echocardiographic parameters, including right ventricular structure and function, pulmonary artery systolic pressure (PASP) and the presence and severity of tricuspid regurgitation (TR). On univariate analysis, Model of End-Stage Liver Disease (MELD) score, PASP, presence of ≥mild TR, post-operative renal replacement therapy (RRT) and spontaneous bacterial peritonitis were found to be significant predictors of adverse outcomes. On multivariate analysis, only ≥mild TR was found to predict both patient mortality (p = 0.0024, HR = 3.91, 95% CI: 1.62-9.44) and graft failure (p = 0.0010, HR = 3.70, 95% CI: 1.70-8.06). PASP and MELD correlated with post-LT intensive care unit length of stay (LOS) and, along with hemodialysis, were associated with hospital LOS and time on ventilator. In conclusion, pre-LT echocardiographic assessments of the right heart may be useful in predicting post-LT morbidity and mortality and guiding the selection of appropriate LT candidates.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Kia
- Department of Medicine, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL
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Abstract
Flavonoids are among the most investigated phytochemicals due to their pharmacological and therapeutic activities. Their ability to chelate with metal ions has resulted in the emergence of a new category of molecules with a broader spectrum of pharmacological activities. However, the biological significance of these flavonoid-metal ion complexes is yet to be completely explored. Moreover, no concerted efforts have been made to elucidate their molecular targets and mechanisms of action. This review attempts to provide a snapshot of the various biological activities reported for flavonoid-metal ion complexes and their potential as therapeutic agents. Understanding the mechanism of action and the influence of structure will provide a strong basis to design novel flavonoid-metal ion complexes of therapeutic significance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stalin Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanotechnology and Advanced Biomaterials, School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur, 613 401, India
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Selvaraj S, Mohan A, Narayanan S, Sethuraman S, Krishnan UM. Dose-Dependent Interaction of trans-Resveratrol with Biomembranes: Effects on Antioxidant Property. J Med Chem 2013; 56:970-81. [DOI: 10.1021/jm3014579] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/14/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Stalin Selvaraj
- Centre for Nanotechnology and
Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Aarti Mohan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and
Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Shridhar Narayanan
- Orchid Chemicals and Pharmaceuticals Ltd., Sozhiganallur, Chennai 600
119, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Swaminathan Sethuraman
- Centre for Nanotechnology and
Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
| | - Uma Maheswari Krishnan
- Centre for Nanotechnology and
Advanced Biomaterials (CeNTAB), School of Chemical and Biotechnology, SASTRA University, Thanjavur 613 401, Tamil Nadu, India
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Saranya N, Jeyakanthan J, Selvaraj S. Impact of protein binding cavity volume (PCV) and ligand volume (LV) in rigid and flexible docking of protein–ligand complexes. Bioorg Med Chem Lett 2012; 22:7593-7. [DOI: 10.1016/j.bmcl.2012.10.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2012] [Revised: 09/26/2012] [Accepted: 10/02/2012] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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Godlewska BR, Norbury R, Selvaraj S, Cowen PJ, Harmer CJ. Short-term SSRI treatment normalises amygdala hyperactivity in depressed patients. Psychol Med 2012; 42:2609-2617. [PMID: 22716999 PMCID: PMC3488813 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291712000591] [Citation(s) in RCA: 169] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2011] [Revised: 03/06/2012] [Accepted: 03/08/2012] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Antidepressant drugs such as selective serotonin re-uptake inhibitors (SSRIs) remediate negative biases in emotional processing in depressed patients in both behavioural and neural outcome measures. However, it is not clear if these effects occur before, or as a consequence of, changes in clinical state. METHOD In the present study, we investigated the effects of short-term SSRI treatment in depressed patients on the neural response to fearful faces prior to clinical improvement in mood. Altogether, 42 unmedicated depressed patients received SSRI treatment (10 mg escitalopram daily) or placebo in a randomised, parallel-group design. The neural response to fearful and happy faces was measured on day 7 of treatment using functional magnetic resonance imaging. A group of healthy controls was imaged in the same way. RESULTS Amygdala responses to fearful facial expressions were significantly greater in depressed patients compared to healthy controls. However, this response was normalised in patients receiving 7 days treatment with escitalopram. There was no significant difference in clinical depression ratings at 7 days between the escitalopram and placebo-treated patients. CONCLUSIONS Our results suggest that short-term SSRI treatment in depressed patients remediates amygdala hyperactivity in response to negative emotional stimuli prior to clinical improvement in depressed mood. This supports the hypothesis that the clinical effects of antidepressant treatment may be mediated in part through early changes in emotional processing. Further studies will be needed to show if these early effects of antidepressant medication predict eventual clinical outcome.
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Affiliation(s)
- B. R. Godlewska
- University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - R. Norbury
- Oxford Centre for Clinical Magnetic Resonance Research (OCMR), John Radcliffe Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - S. Selvaraj
- University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - P. J. Cowen
- University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
| | - C. J. Harmer
- University Department of Psychiatry, Warneford Hospital, Oxford, UK
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Selvaraj S, Maqsood U, Chaudri M, Brammer P. P126 Medical Thoracoscopy Experience in a District General Hospital: Abstract P126 Table 1. Thorax 2012. [DOI: 10.1136/thoraxjnl-2012-202678.409] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
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Howes OD, Fusar-Poli P, Bloomfield M, Selvaraj S, McGuire P. From the prodrome to chronic schizophrenia: the neurobiology underlying psychotic symptoms and cognitive impairments. Curr Pharm Des 2012; 18:459-65. [PMID: 22239576 DOI: 10.2174/138161212799316217] [Citation(s) in RCA: 42] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Accepted: 10/18/2011] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Schizophrenia is a chronic psychotic disorder that remains a considerable cause of global disease burden. Cognitive impairments are common and contribute significantly to the morbidity of the disorder. Over the last two decades or so molecular imaging studies have refined understanding of the pathophysiology underlying the development of psychosis and cognitive impairments. Firstly they have consistently implicated presynaptic dopaminergic dysfunction in the disorder, finding that dopamine synthesis capacity, dopamine release and baseline dopamine levels are increased in the illness. Secondly recent findings show that dopamine synthesis capacity is elevated in those that go on to develop psychosis in the following year, but not in those that do not, and appears to increase further with the development of psychosis. Thirdly evidence links greater dopamine synthesis capacity to poorer cognitive performance and altered frontal cortical function measured using functional imaging during cognitive tasks. Finally they have provided data on the nature of other neurofunctional alterations in the disorder, in particular in the serotonergic system and neuroinflammation. We review these findings and discuss their implications for understanding the neurobiology of psychosis and cognitive impairments in schizophrenia.
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Affiliation(s)
- O D Howes
- Psychiatric Imaging Group Cyclotron Building Hammersmith Hospital, London W12 0NN, UK.
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