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Shahab-Navaei F, Asoodeh A. Synthesis of optimized propolis solid lipid nanoparticles with desirable antimicrobial, antioxidant, and anti-cancer properties. Sci Rep 2023; 13:18290. [PMID: 37880491 PMCID: PMC10600131 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-023-45768-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2023] [Accepted: 10/24/2023] [Indexed: 10/27/2023] Open
Abstract
This study aimed to produce stable propolis nanoparticles with a size below 100 nm, suitable for various applications in industries such as pharmaceuticals, medicine, cosmetics, food, and packaging. To achieve this, propolis solid lipid nanoparticles (PSLNs) were synthesized using the hot homogenization method, and the optimized nanoparticles were analyzed using Design Expert software. The properties of the synthesized PSLN were characterized using UV-visible spectroscopy, FTIR, XRD, PSA, TEM, and zeta potential analysis. The results indicated that PSLNs with a size range of 57 ± 15 nm remained stable in an aqueous medium at pH 7.4. HPLC analysis showed that the active ingredient of phenols and flavonoids in the extract remained stable after the formation of PSLNs. Antioxidant and antibacterial properties of the extract and nanoparticles were also evaluated. The results demonstrated that the biological properties of the extract were effectively preserved in PSLNs, Additionally, the PSLN synthesized exhibited remarkable anticancer properties against the A549 cell line and with IC50 of 0.01 mg/ml after 72 h-treatment. In conclusion, the optimized PSLNs can be utilized as antioxidant and antibacterial additives and have the potential to be used as a drug or drug carrier for the treatment of lung cancer.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Shahab-Navaei
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran
| | - Ahmad Asoodeh
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
- Cellular and Molecular Research Group, Institute of Biotechnology, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad, Mashhad, Iran.
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2
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Barrientos‐Lezcano JC, Gallo‐Machado J, Marin‐Palacio LD, Builes S. Extraction kinetics and physicochemical characteristics of Colombian propolis. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2023. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.14272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Santiago Builes
- Escuela de Ciencias Aplicadas e Ingeniería Universidad EAFIT Medellín Colombia
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3
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Mendez-Pfeiffer P, Ballesteros-Monrreal MG, Gaona-Ochoa J, Juarez J, Gastelum-Cabrera M, Montaño-Leyva B, Arenas-Hernández M, Caporal-Hernandez L, Ortega-García J, Barrios-Villa E, Velazquez C, Valencia D. Biosynthesis of Silver Nanoparticles Using Seasonal Samples of Sonoran Desert Propolis: Evaluation of Its Antibacterial Activity against Clinical Isolates of Multi-Drug Resistant Bacteria. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:pharmaceutics14091853. [PMID: 36145600 PMCID: PMC9503092 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14091853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Revised: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/30/2022] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Multi-drug resistant (MDR) bacteria have gained importance as a health problem worldwide, and novel antibacterial agents are needed to combat them. Silver nanoparticles (AgNPs) have been studied as a potent antimicrobial agent, capable of countering MDR bacteria; nevertheless, their conventional synthesis methods can produce cytotoxicity and environmental hazards. Biosynthesis of silver nanoparticles has emerged as an alternative to reduce the cytotoxic and environmental problems derived from their chemical synthesis, using natural products as a reducing and stabilizing agent. Sonoran Desert propolis (SP) is a poplar-type propolis rich in polyphenolic compounds with remarkable biological activities, such as being antioxidant, antiproliferative, and antimicrobial, and is a suitable candidate for synthesis of AgNPs. In this study, we synthesized AgNPs using SP methanolic extract (SP-AgNPs) and evaluated the reduction capacity of their seasonal samples and main chemical constituents. Their cytotoxicity against mammalian cell lines and antibacterial activity against multi-drug resistant bacteria were assessed. Quercetin and galangin showed the best-reduction capacity for synthesizing AgNPs, as well as the seasonal sample from winter (SPw-AgNPs). The SPw-AgNPs had a mean size of around 16.5 ± 5.3 nm, were stable in different culture media, and the presence of propolis constituents was confirmed by FT-IR and HPLC assays. The SPw-AgNPs were non-cytotoxic to ARPE-19 and HeLa cell lines and presented remarkable antibacterial and antibiofilm activity against multi-drug resistant clinical isolates, with E. coli 34 and ATCC 25922 being the most susceptible (MBC = 25 μg/mL), followed by E. coli 2, 29, 37 and PNG (MBC = 50 μg/mL), and finally E. coli 37 and S. aureus ATCC 25923 (MBC = 100 μg/mL). These results demonstrated the efficacy of SP as a reducing and stabilizing agent for synthesis of AgNPs and their capacity as an antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pablo Mendez-Pfeiffer
- Department of Chemistry-Biology and Agropecuary Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Hermosillo 83600, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Manuel G. Ballesteros-Monrreal
- Department of Chemistry-Biology and Agropecuary Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Hermosillo 83600, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jesus Gaona-Ochoa
- Department of Chemistry-Biology and Agropecuary Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Hermosillo 83600, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Josue Juarez
- Departamento de Física, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | | | - Beatriz Montaño-Leyva
- Departamento de Investigación y Posgrado en Alimentos, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Margarita Arenas-Hernández
- Posgrado en Microbiología, Centro de Investigación en Ciencias Microbiológicas, Instituto de Ciencias, Benemérita Universidad Autónoma de Puebla, Ciudad Universitaria, Puebla 72570, Pue, Mexico
| | - Liliana Caporal-Hernandez
- Department of Chemistry-Biology and Agropecuary Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Hermosillo 83600, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Jesús Ortega-García
- Department of Chemistry-Biology and Agropecuary Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Hermosillo 83600, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Edwin Barrios-Villa
- Department of Chemistry-Biology and Agropecuary Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Hermosillo 83600, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Carlos Velazquez
- Department of Chemistry-Biology, Universidad de Sonora, Hermosillo 83000, Sonora, Mexico
| | - Dora Valencia
- Department of Chemistry-Biology and Agropecuary Sciences, Universidad de Sonora, H. Caborca, Hermosillo 83600, Sonora, Mexico
- Correspondence:
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Varzaghani V, Sharifi M, Hajiaghaee R, Bagheri S, Momtaz S, Tarassoli Z, Razmi A. Propolis add‐on therapy alleviates depressive symptoms; A randomized placebo‐controlled clinical trial. Phytother Res 2022; 36:1258-1267. [DOI: 10.1002/ptr.7380] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/04/2021] [Revised: 11/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/28/2021] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Vahdad Varzaghani
- Medicinal Plants Research Center Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Karaj Iran
| | - Masoomeh Sharifi
- Physiology Research Center Iran University of Medical Sciences Tehran Iran
| | - Reza Hajiaghaee
- Medicinal Plants Research Center Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Karaj Iran
| | - Sara Bagheri
- Medicinal Plants Research Center Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Karaj Iran
| | - Saeideh Momtaz
- Medicinal Plants Research Center Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Karaj Iran
| | - Zahra Tarassoli
- Medicinal Plants Research Center Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Karaj Iran
| | - Ali Razmi
- Medicinal Plants Research Center Institute of Medicinal Plants, ACECR Karaj Iran
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Wibowo I, Utami N, Anggraeni T, Barlian A, Putra RE, Indriani AD, Masadah R, Ekawardhani S. Propolis Can Improve Caudal Fin Regeneration in Zebrafish ( Danio rerio) Induced by The Combined Administration of Alloxan and Glucose. Zebrafish 2021; 18:274-281. [PMID: 34297614 DOI: 10.1089/zeb.2020.1969] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Hyperglycemia, a primary symptom in diabetes mellitus, is associated with difficulties in wound healing and regeneration. This condition is due to the length of the inflammatory phase and free radicals. Furthermore, there is evidence that molecular pathogenesis is involved in impaired wound healing in diabetics. As an animal model, zebrafish have many shared orthologous genes with human that are involved in protein regulation of wound healing and regeneration. Little is known about natural drugs that may be used to treat complications of wound healing in diabetes. Propolis, however, is known to consist of various organic compounds such as phenols and flavonoids with antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. This research aims to study propolis' effect on caudal fin regeneration and relative expression of several genes belonging to Hedgehog, bone morphogenetic protein (BMP), and Wnt signaling hyperglycemic (HG) zebrafish. GC-MS analysis and antioxidant activity testing were performed on ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP). Caudal fin regeneration was analyzed using ImageJ; blood glucose levels were measured; and relative gene expression analysis of shha, igf2a, bmp2b, and col1a2 was performed by the real-time polymerase chain reaction method with the β-actin housekeeping gene. Impairment of caudal fin regeneration in zebrafish hyperglycemia was characterized by a low percentage of regeneration and decreased relative gene expression. EEP at 15 ppm could increase the percentage of caudal fin regeneration and the expression of shha, igf2a, bmp2b, and col1a2. Based on the results, it appears that phenols and flavonoids from the EEP can improve the caudal fin regeneration of HG zebrafish.
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Affiliation(s)
- Indra Wibowo
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Nuruliawaty Utami
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Tjandra Anggraeni
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Anggraini Barlian
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Ramadhani Eka Putra
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Bandung, Indonesia.,Biology Studi Program, Institut Teknologi Sumatera, Jalan Terusan Ryacudu, Way Hui, Indonesia
| | - Annisa Devi Indriani
- School of Life Sciences and Technology, Bandung Institute of Technology (ITB), Bandung, Indonesia
| | - Rina Masadah
- Department of Pathology Anatomy Faculty of Medicine Hasanuddin University, Makassar, Indonesia
| | - Savira Ekawardhani
- Parasitology Division, Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine, Universitas Padjadjaran, Bandung, Indonesia
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Yong H, Liu J. Active packaging films and edible coatings based on polyphenol‐rich propolis extract: A review. Compr Rev Food Sci Food Saf 2021; 20:2106-2145. [DOI: 10.1111/1541-4337.12697] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 19.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2020] [Revised: 11/17/2020] [Accepted: 12/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Huimin Yong
- College of Food Science and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou PR China
| | - Jun Liu
- College of Food Science and Engineering Yangzhou University Yangzhou PR China
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7
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Cedola A, Palermo C, Centonze D, Del Nobile MA, Conte A. Characterization and Bio-Accessibility Evaluation of Olive Leaf Extract-Enriched "Taralli". Foods 2020; 9:E1268. [PMID: 32927764 PMCID: PMC7554863 DOI: 10.3390/foods9091268] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/06/2020] [Revised: 08/31/2020] [Accepted: 09/04/2020] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Olive leaves are rich in many compounds precious for human health. Due to this property, the current study was aimed to valorize the extract from this by-product in a cereal-based food, very popular all around the world, the "taralli". To this aim, ultrasound-assisted extraction was applied to dried olive leaves to obtain the extract, used as "taralli" ingredient, instead of white wine. The "taralli" with and without extract was subjected to in vitro digestion to assess the quantity of polyphenolic compounds released in the gastrointestinal tract to become available for absorption. Total content of phenols and flavonoids, as well as the antioxidant capacity, was measured on both cooked and uncooked samples, before and after digestion. In addition, High-Performance Liquid Chromatography with Diode-Array Detection (HPLC-DAD) of the three most abundant polyphenols present in olive leaf extracts, such as oleuropein, hydroxytyrosol, and verbascoside, was carried out at the three stages of the digestion process. The results showed that the substitution of white wine with olive leaf extract increased the total content of polyphenols and flavonoids and the antioxidant capacity. Bio-accessibility of the main phenolic compounds demonstrated that oleuropein resisted slightly after gastric digestion but was almost completely degraded in the intestinal phase, while hydroxytyrosol and verbascoside were not resistant to the digestion process from the gastric phase.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Matteo Alessandro Del Nobile
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environment, University of Foggia, Via Napoli, 25, 71122 Foggia, Italy; (A.C.); (C.P.); (D.C.); (A.C.)
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Comparison of In Vitro and In Vivo Antioxidant Activities of Six Flavonoids with Similar Structures. Antioxidants (Basel) 2020; 9:antiox9080732. [PMID: 32796543 PMCID: PMC7465758 DOI: 10.3390/antiox9080732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 16.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/22/2020] [Revised: 07/31/2020] [Accepted: 08/06/2020] [Indexed: 12/31/2022] Open
Abstract
The in vitro and in vivo antioxidant activities of six flavonoids with similar structures, including epicatechin (EC), epigallocatechin (EGC), procyanidin B2 (P), quercetin (Q), taxifolin (T), and rutin (R) were compared. The structures of the six flavonoids and their scavenging activities for 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH•) and 2,2′-azino-bis-(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS+) radicals were closely related. The flavonoids decreased serum contents of malondialdehyde (MDA) and nitric oxide (NO), and increased serum total antioxidative capacity (T-AOC), superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) levels to different degrees in d-galactose-treated mice. The changes in mRNA expression of liver GSH-Px1, CAT, SOD1, and SOD2 by d-galactose were dissimilarly restored by the six flavonoids. Moreover, the six flavonoids differentially prevented the inflammatory response caused by oxidative stress by inhibiting interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6, and tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α levels, and restoring IL-10 levels. These six flavonoids from two subclasses revealed the following antioxidant capability: P > EC, EGC > EC, Q > T, Q > R. Our results indicate that (1) the pyrogallol, dimerization, and C2=C3 double bonds of flavonoids enhanced antioxidant activity and (2) the C3 glycosylation of flavonoids attenuated antioxidant capacity.
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Sedraoui S, Badr A, Barba MGM, Doyen A, Tabka Z, Desjardins Y. Optimization of the Ultrahigh-Pressure–Assisted Extraction of Phenolic Compounds and Antioxidant Activity from Palm Dates (Phoenix dactylifera L.). FOOD ANAL METHOD 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12161-020-01764-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
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10
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Li R, Zhang LJ, Jiang ZT, Wang Y, Tan J, Tang SH. Radical scavenging activities and composition identification of phenolic compounds from crowndaisy seeds by offline HPLC combined with LC–ESI–MS/MS. Eur Food Res Technol 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-020-03478-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
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11
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Santos LM, Fonseca MS, Sokolonski AR, Deegan KR, Araújo RP, Umsza-Guez MA, Barbosa JD, Portela RD, Machado BA. Propolis: types, composition, biological activities, and veterinary product patent prospecting. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2020; 100:1369-1382. [PMID: 31487405 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous substance composed of a mixture of different plant parts and molecules secreted by bees. Chemically, it is defined as a complex matrix containing biologically active molecules with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory activities. It is widely employed in cosmetic formulations and pharmaceutical products and is one of the most widely used natural products. However, the effects and strength of these biological activities depend on the chemical profile and composition of each propolis type. This composition is associated with the diversity of local flora, the place and period of collection, and the genetics of the bees. In this context, the objective of this review was to investigate the biological, chemical, and microbiological properties of propolis. A technological prospection was also performed on patents for products designed to be used in animal health. Our investigation shows that the literature contains diverse studies dedicated to comparing and describing the composition and therapeutic properties of propolis. These studies demonstrate the potential biological use of propolis in veterinary medicine, showing the applications of propolis extracts in different formulations. However, there are a low number of propolis-based veterinary products with a registered patent. Thus, the development of products based on propolis is a promising market to be exploited. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte M Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maísa S Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ana R Sokolonski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Kathleen R Deegan
- Serviço de Animais Silvestres, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pc Araújo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Umsza-Guez
- Departamento de Biointeração, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josiane Dv Barbosa
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruna As Machado
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
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Cedola A, Cardinali A, D'Antuono I, Conte A, Del Nobile MA. Cereal foods fortified with by-products from the olive oil industry. FOOD BIOSCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1016/j.fbio.2019.100490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
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13
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Thangaiyan R, Arjunan S, Govindasamy K, Khan HA, Alhomida AS, Prasad NR. Galangin Attenuates Isoproterenol-Induced Inflammation and Fibrosis in the Cardiac Tissue of Albino Wistar Rats. Front Pharmacol 2020; 11:585163. [PMID: 33328989 PMCID: PMC7734335 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2020.585163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/27/2020] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Galangin (GA) is an active flavonoid of the rhizome of Alpinia galanga that belongs to the ginger family. GA exhibit potent anti-inflammatory properties. Therefore, we evaluated the preventive effects of GA against isoproterenol (ISO)-induced inflammation and myocardial fibrosis in male albino Wistar rats. We found that GA (1 mg/kg b.wt.) pretreatment attenuated the ISO-mediated (5 mg/kg b.wt. for 14 consecutive days) elevation of heart rate, activities of aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), creatine kinase (CK), creatine kinase-MB (CKMB) in the rat serum. We also noticed that GA prevented the ISO-mediated cardiac markers i.e. cardiac troponin T and I (cTnT and cTnI) expression in the serum of rats. Further, GA pretreatment prevented ISO-mediated lipid peroxidation and diminished blood pressure and loss of antioxidants status in the heart tissue of ISO treated rats. In addition, GA treatment modulates ISO-induced alterations the expressions of tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-1 (TIMP-1), p-AKT, glycogen synthase kinase-3β (p-GSK-3β) and peroxisome proliferators-activated receptor-γ (PPAR-γ) in the heart tissue. Furthermore, molecular analysis (PCR array and western blot) revealed that GA pretreatment prevented inflammation and fibrosis related gene expression pattern in ISO-induced rats. Taken together, the results indicate the cardioprotective effect of GA against ISO-induced inflammation and fibrosis. The antioxidant and anti-inflammatory potential of GA could be considered for its cardioprotective effect in the ISO-treated rats.
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Affiliation(s)
- Radhiga Thangaiyan
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
- *Correspondence: Radhiga Thangaiyan, ; Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad,
| | - Sundaresan Arjunan
- CAS in Marine Biology, Department of Marine Sciences, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Kanimozhi Govindasamy
- Department of Biochemistry, Dharmapuram Gnanambigai Government Arts College for Women, Tamilnadu, India
| | - Haseeb A. Khan
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Abdullah S. Alhomida
- Department of Biochemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad
- Department of Biochemistry and Biotechnology, Faculty of Science, Annamalai University, Tamilnadu, India
- *Correspondence: Radhiga Thangaiyan, ; Nagarajan Rajendra Prasad,
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14
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El‐Guendouz S, Lyoussi B, Miguel MG. Insight on Propolis from Mediterranean Countries: Chemical Composition, Biological Activities and Application Fields. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900094. [DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2019] [Accepted: 05/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/01/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina El‐Guendouz
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental HealthFaculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazUniversity Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah Fez, BP 1796 Atlas 30000 Morocco
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFaculty of Science and TechnologyMeditBioUniversity of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, MeditBio Faro 8005-139 Portugal
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental HealthFaculty of Sciences Dhar El MehrazUniversity Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah Fez, BP 1796 Atlas 30000 Morocco
| | - Maria G. Miguel
- Department of Chemistry and PharmacyFaculty of Science and TechnologyMeditBioUniversity of Algarve Campus de Gambelas, MeditBio Faro 8005-139 Portugal
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Papachristoforou A, Koutouvela E, Menexes G, Gardikis K, Mourtzinos I. Photometric Analysis of Propolis from the Island of Samothraki, Greece. The Discovery of Red Propolis. Chem Biodivers 2019; 16:e1900146. [PMID: 31081187 DOI: 10.1002/cbdv.201900146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/17/2019] [Accepted: 05/10/2019] [Indexed: 11/07/2022]
Abstract
Propolis presents notable and variable antioxidant activity depending on the territory and the local flora. As a result, propolis collected from areas presenting botanical diversity can become an intriguing research field. In the present study, we examined propolis from different areas of Samothraki, a small Greek island in the north-eastern Aegean Sea, considered a hot-spot of plant biodiversity. The analysis of propolis samples presented huge variability in the antioxidant activity, the total polyphenol content and the total flavonoids content. Propolis from two areas presented high antioxidant activity with a maximum at 1741.48 μmol of Trolox equivalents per gram of dry propolis weight, very high polyphenol content, 378.73 mg of gallic acid equivalents per gram of dry propolis weight, and high flavonoid content with a maximum concentration of 70.31 mg of quercetin equivalents per gram of dry propolis weight. The samples that presented the best qualitative characteristics were all red propolis which is a type that has never been reported in any part of Europe.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandros Papachristoforou
- Department of Food Science and Nutrition, University of the Aegean, GR-81400, Lemnos, Greece.,Department of Agricultural Sciences, Biotechnology and Food Science, Cyprus University of Technology, 3036, Limassol, Cyprus
| | - Evgenia Koutouvela
- Laboratory of Animal Physiology, Department of Zoology, School of Biology, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | - George Menexes
- Laboratory of Agronomy, School of Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
| | | | - Ioannis Mourtzinos
- Laboratory of Food Chemistry & Biochemistry, Department of Food Science and Technology, School of, Agriculture, Aristotle University of Thessaloniki, GR-54124, Thessaloniki, Greece
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16
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Woźniak M, Mrówczyńska L, Waśkiewicz A, Rogoziński T, Ratajczak I. Phenolic Profile and Antioxidant Activity of Propolis Extracts From Poland. Nat Prod Commun 2019. [DOI: 10.1177/1934578x19849777] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is a natural material collected by honeybees, containing bioactive compounds that exhibit biological activity. The aim of this study was to assess the chemical composition of Polish propolis extracted with two different concentrations of ethanol, namely 70% and 96%, and to evaluate their antioxidant activity depending on extraction conditions. Samples of Polish propolis were extracted with 70% and 96% ethanol in order to obtain the ethanolic propolis extracts EEP70 and EEP96, respectively. Concentrations of 10 flavonoids and 6 phenolic acids were determined using the UPLC-PDA-TQD system. The antioxidant properties were determined based on the DPPH· free radical scavenging activity, Fe3+ reducing power assay, and ferrous ions (Fe2+) chelating activity assays. Moreover, the effects of the propolis extracts on human red blood cell morphology , the selective permeability of their membrane, as well as on free radicals-induced hemolysis were also assessed. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of both propolis extracts indicated that 70% ethanolic extract contained higher amounts of phenolic compounds than 96% ethanolic extract. The levels of antioxidant activity indicated that both Polish propolis extracts exhibited a high and comparable antioxidant power. The concentration of ethanol used for extraction had no effect on the antioxidant potential of propolis. The presented results indicate that the extracts of Polish propolis are rich in phenolic compounds and are very effective as antioxidant agents. Therefore, they may be applied as a constituent of products used in phytotherapy regardless of the concentration of ethanol used in propolis extraction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Magdalena Woźniak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Wood Technology, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Lucyna Mrówczyńska
- Department of Cell Biology, Faculty of Biology, Adam Mickiewicz University in Poznań, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Waśkiewicz
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Wood Technology, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
| | - Tomasz Rogoziński
- Department of Furniture Design, Faculty of Wood Technology, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Poland
| | - Izabela Ratajczak
- Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Wood Technology, University of Life Sciences, Poznań, Poland
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Afsharpour F, Javadi M, Hashemipour S, Koushan Y, Haghighian HK. Propolis supplementation improves glycemic and antioxidant status in patients with type 2 diabetes: A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled study. Complement Ther Med 2019; 43:283-288. [PMID: 30935545 DOI: 10.1016/j.ctim.2019.03.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/07/2019] [Revised: 02/27/2019] [Accepted: 03/01/2019] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The prevalence of type 2 diabetes has risen dramatically in recent years. There are many different safe therapies used for diabetes and also number of natural supplements that can be used to manage diabetes. We assessed the effect of oral propolis supplementation on blood glucose, insulin resistance and antioxidant status in type 2 diabetes. METHODS We conducted a randomized, double-blinded, placebo-controlled trial for 8-week. Sixty two patients with type 2 diabetes (30-55 years of age) were randomly assigned in two group, propolis (n = 31) and placebo (n = 31). Patients were given doses of 500 mg, three times a day (1500 mg), of propolis or placebo three time a day. The fasting blood sugar (FBS), two-hour postprandial glucose (2-hp), insulin, insulin resistance (IR), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), total antioxidant capacity (TAC) and activity of glutathione peroxidase (GPx) and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured at the beginning and end of the study. Statistical analysis was performed using SPSS software. RESULTS After two month, FBS, 2-hp, insulin, IR, HbA1c was significantly decreased in patients treated with propolis compared with placebo group (p < 0.05). Additionally intake of propolis significantly increased the blood levels of TAC and activity of GPx and SOD (p < 0.05). CONCLUSION Propolis treatment can be helpful as a diet supplement in patients with type 2 diabetes through improvement in glycemic status, reduction in insulin resistance and amelioration in antioxidant status. This supplement without side effects can increase the effectiveness of prescribing drugs in diabetes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fatemeh Afsharpour
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran; Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Maryam Javadi
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran; Children Growth Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Sima Hashemipour
- Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran
| | - Yaghob Koushan
- Medical Plant Research Center of Islamic Azad University of Tabriz, Researcher in Traditional Medicine, Tabriz, Iran
| | - Hossein Khadem Haghighian
- Department of Nutrition, School of Health, Qazvin University of Medical Science, Qazvin, Iran; Metabolic Diseases Research Center, Qazvin University of Medical Sciences, Qazvin, Iran.
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18
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Production of unpurified agar-based extracts from red seaweed Gelidium sesquipedale by means of simplified extraction protocols. ALGAL RES 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.algal.2019.101420] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/07/2023]
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19
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El-Guendouz S, Aazza S, Lyoussi B, Majdoub N, Bankova V, Popova M, Raposo S, Antunes MD, Miguel MG. Effect of poplar-type propolis on oxidative stability and rheological properties of O/W emulsions. Saudi Pharm J 2018; 26:1073-1082. [PMID: 30532627 PMCID: PMC6260493 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsps.2018.05.017] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2017] [Accepted: 05/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/08/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is known to possess antioxidant activity. However, there is no information on this activity in emulsions O/W. The protective effect of propolis on the oxidation and rheological properties of emulsions O/W containing wheat germ and almond oils was evaluated. Emulsions O/W were prepared with different concentration of propolis extract, almond oil and wheat germ oil. All emulsions physically stable without phase separation were stored at 37 °C for 9 weeks. Chemical composition of propolis was established by Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry. Rheological characterization of different emulsions was performed evaluating consistency index and flow behavior index. The oxidation was monitored by measuring the lipid hydroperoxides and thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS) methods. Flavonoids, phenolic acid esters, and aromatic acids were the main groups of compounds found in propolis. The results showed that popolis was good antioxidant in the concentration of 0.02 and 0.04% when lipid phase was constituted by almond oil. The rheological behavior is typical of a non-Newtonian fluid, being almond oil more adequate for having a higher stable O/W emulsion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Soukaina El-Guendouz
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, BP 1796 Atlas, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30 000, Morocco
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, MeditBio, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Smail Aazza
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, BP 1796 Atlas, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30 000, Morocco
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, MeditBio, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Badiaa Lyoussi
- Laboratory of Physiology-Pharmacology-Environmental Health, Faculty of Sciences Dhar El Mehraz, BP 1796 Atlas, University Sidi Mohamed Ben Abdallah, Fez 30 000, Morocco
| | - Nessrine Majdoub
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, MeditBio, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Vassya Bankova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Acad. G. Bonchev strl. bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Milena Popova
- Institute of Organic Chemistry with Centre of Phytochemistry, Acad. G. Bonchev strl. bl. 9, 1113 Sofia, Bulgaria
| | - Sara Raposo
- Centre for Marine and Environmental Research (CIMA), Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria Dulce Antunes
- CEOT, MeditBio, Faculty of Sciences and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
| | - Maria Graça Miguel
- Department of Chemistry and Pharmacy, MeditBio, Faculty of Science and Technology, University of Algarve, Campus de Gambelas, 8005-139 Faro, Portugal
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20
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Moroccan Propolis: A Natural Antioxidant, Antibacterial, and Antibiofilm against Staphylococcus aureus with No Induction of Resistance after Continuous Exposure. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2018; 2018:9759240. [PMID: 30538767 PMCID: PMC6260532 DOI: 10.1155/2018/9759240] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/20/2018] [Revised: 09/26/2018] [Accepted: 10/02/2018] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
This study was performed to evaluate the total phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities of twenty-four propolis samples from different regions of Morocco. In addition, two samples were screened regarding the antibacterial effect against four Staphylococcus aureus strains. Gas chromatography coupled to mass spectra (GC-MS) analysis was done for propolis samples used in antibacterial tests. The minimum inhibitory and minimum bactericidal concentration (MIC, MBC) were determined. The potential to acquire the resistance after sequential exposure of bacterial strains and the impact of adaptation to propolis on virulence using the Galleria mellonella were evaluated. Additionally, the effects of propolis extract on the bacterial adherence ability and its ability to inhibit the quorum sensing activity were also examined. Among the twenty-four extracts studied, the samples from Sefrou, Outat el Haj, and the two samples marketed in Morocco were the best for scavenging DPPH, ABTS, NO, peroxyl, and superoxide radicals as well as in scavenging of hydrogen peroxide. A strong correlation was found between the amounts of phenols, flavonoids, and antioxidant activities. Propolis extract at the MIC value (0.36 mg/mL) significantly reduced (p < 0.001) the virulence potential of S. aureus ATCC 6538 and the MRSA strains without leading to the development of resistance in the sequence of continuous exposure. It was able to impair the bacterial biofilm formation. The results have revealed that sample 1 reduces violacein production in a concentration dependent manner, indicating inhibition of quorum sensing. This extract has as main group of secondary metabolites flavonoids (31.9%), diterpenes (21.5%), and phenolic acid esters (16.5%).
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21
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Investigation of the anti-TB potential of selected propolis constituents using a molecular docking approach. Sci Rep 2018; 8:12238. [PMID: 30116003 PMCID: PMC6095843 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-30209-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/26/2018] [Accepted: 06/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023] Open
Abstract
Human tuberculosis (TB), caused by Mycobacterium tuberculosis, is the leading bacterial killer disease worldwide and new anti-TB drugs are urgently needed. Natural remedies have long played an important role in medicine and continue to provide some inspiring templates for drug design. Propolis, a substance naturally-produced by bees upon collection of plant resins, is used in folk medicine for its beneficial anti-TB activity. In this study, we used a molecular docking approach to investigate the interactions between selected propolis constituents and four ‘druggable’ proteins involved in vital physiological functions in M. tuberculosis, namely MtPanK, MtDprE1, MtPknB and MtKasA. The docking score for ligands towards each protein was calculated to estimate the binding free energy, with the best docking score (lowest energy value) indicating the highest predicted ligand/protein affinity. Specific interactions were also explored to understand the nature of intermolecular bonds between the most active ligands and the protein binding site residues. The lignan (+)-sesamin displayed the best docking score towards MtDprE1 (−10.7 kcal/mol) while the prenylated flavonoid isonymphaeol D docked strongly with MtKasA (−9.7 kcal/mol). Both compounds showed docking scores superior to the control inhibitors and represent potentially interesting scaffolds for further in vitro biological evaluation and anti-TB drug design.
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22
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Veiga FF, Gadelha MC, da Silva MRT, Costa MI, Kischkel B, de Castro-Hoshino LV, Sato F, Baesso ML, Voidaleski MF, Vasconcellos-Pontello V, Vicente VA, Bruschi ML, Negri M, Svidzinski TIE. Propolis Extract for Onychomycosis Topical Treatment: From Bench to Clinic. Front Microbiol 2018; 9:779. [PMID: 29922236 PMCID: PMC5996904 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2018.00779] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/30/2018] [Accepted: 04/05/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Onychomycosis is a chronic fungal infection of nails, commonly caused by dermatophyte fungi, primarily species of Trichophyton. Because of the limited drug arsenal available to treat general fungal infections and the frequent failure of onychomycosis treatment, the search for new therapeutic sources is essential, and topical treatment with natural products for onychomycosis has been encouraged. Propolis, an adhesive resinous compound produced by honeybees (Apis mellifera), has shown multiple biological properties including significant antifungal and anti-biofilm activities in vitro. In spite of promising in vitro results, in vivo results have not been reported so far. This study assessed an ethanol propolis extract (PE) as a topical therapeutic option for onychomycosis, including its characterization in vitro and its applicability as a treatment for onychomycosis (from bench to clinic). The in vitro evaluation included analysis of the cytotoxicity and the antifungal activity against the planktonic cells and biofilm formed by Trichophyton spp. We also evaluated the capacity of PE to penetrate human nails. Patients with onychomycosis received topical PE treatments, with a 6-month follow-up period. The results of the in vitro assays showed that PE was non-toxic to the cell lines tested, and efficient against both the planktonic cells and the biofilm formed by Trichophyton spp. The results also showed that PE is able to penetrate the human nail. The results for PE applied topically to treat onychomycosis were promising, with complete mycological and clinical cure of onychomycosis in 56.25% of the patients. PE is an inexpensive commercially available option, easy to obtain and monitor. Our results indicated that PE is a promising natural compound for onychomycosis treatment, due to its ability to penetrate the nail without cytotoxicity, and its good antifungal performance against species such as Trichophyton spp. that are resistant to conventional antifungals, both in vitro and in patients.
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Affiliation(s)
- Flavia F. Veiga
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Marina C. Gadelha
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Marielen R. T. da Silva
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Maiara I. Costa
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Brenda Kischkel
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | | | - Francielle Sato
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Mauro L. Baesso
- Programa de Pós-Graduação em Física, Departamento de Física, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Morgana F. Voidaleski
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Vanessa Vasconcellos-Pontello
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Vânia A. Vicente
- Microbiology, Parasitology and Pathology Post-Graduation Program, Department of Pathology, Federal University of Paraná, Curitiba, Brazil
| | - Marcos L. Bruschi
- Laboratory of Research and Development of Drug Delivery Systems, Department of Pharmacy, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Melyssa Negri
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
| | - Terezinha I. E. Svidzinski
- Laboratório de Micologia Médica, Departamento de Análises Clínicas e Biomedicina, Universidade Estadual de Maringá, Maringá, Brazil
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23
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Corleto KA, Singh J, Jayaprakasha GK, Patil BS. Storage Stability of Dietary Nitrate and Phenolic Compounds in Beetroot (Beta vulgaris) and Arugula (Eruca sativa) Juices. J Food Sci 2018; 83:1237-1248. [PMID: 29660828 DOI: 10.1111/1750-3841.14129] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2017] [Revised: 02/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
Abstract
Nitrate and polyphenols from the diet may enhance the production and bioavailability of nitric oxide, a radical signaling molecule critical for cardiovascular health. Understanding the stability of these bioactives in beetroot and arugula juices is important for their functions. In this study, the stability of nitrate and phenolics in beetroot and arugula juices was measured for 32 days at different temperatures (25, 4, -20, and -80 °C). The levels of nitrate were measured by reversed-phase HPLC and initial levels were found to be 4965.34 ± 72.69 μg/mL for beetroot and 6310.20 ± 24.79 μg/mL for arugula. Interestingly, nitrate degradation started within 24 hr at 25 °C and after 4 days at 4 °C. At -20 °C and -80 °C, nitrate levels remained stable for one month. Total phenolics and free radical scavenging activity varied significantly during storage conditions. Beetroot juice at 25 °C, significant decrease in total phenolics and antioxidant activity was observed, whereas at 4, -20 and -80 °C, the levels remained relatively stable. By contrast, arugula juice at 25 and 4 °C, an increase in total phenolics and antioxidant activity were observed after one month. Furthermore, UPLC-HR-QTOF-MS analysis demonstrated that flavonoid glucosides were converted to their aglycones and lower phenolics, resulting in higher total phenolics and antioxidant activity during storage. In conclusion, beetroot and arugula juices required frozen conditions for long-term storage to prevent degradation of nitrate and to maintain their nutritional value. PRACTICAL APPLICATION Beetroot and arugula juices have health-beneficial compounds such as nitrate and phenolics. Understanding the proper storage conditions can allow consumers to make informed choices that can help fresh juices to maintain their health promoting properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karen A Corleto
- Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX-77845, U.S.A
| | - Jashbir Singh
- Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX-77845, U.S.A
| | - G K Jayaprakasha
- Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX-77845, U.S.A
| | - Bhimanagouda S Patil
- Dept. of Horticultural Sciences, Vegetable and Fruit Improvement Center, Texas A&M Univ., College Station, TX-77845, U.S.A
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24
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Bouyahya A, Bakri Y, Et-Touys A, Assemian ICC, Abrini J, Dakka N. In vitro antiproliferative activity of selected medicinal plants from the North-West of Morocco on several cancer cell lines. Eur J Integr Med 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2018.01.001] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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25
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Sicari M, Stevanato R, Ongaro I, Zuliani R, Ravagnan G, Lucchini V. Searching for an absolute kinetic scale of antioxidant activity against lipid peroxidation. Food Chem 2018; 239:964-974. [PMID: 28873659 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2017.06.139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2016] [Revised: 06/20/2017] [Accepted: 06/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The inhibition properties of a number of antioxidants against peroxidation, started by a 2,2'-azobis[2-(2-imidazolin-2-yl)propane] radical initiator, of linoleic acid in sodium dodecyl sulfate micelles, have been determined in terms of oxygen consumption by a Clark electrode in an oxygen-tight cell. For the 31 antioxidants investigated at variable concentrations, the experimental results well fit the kinetic equation for competitive reactions. The ratio between the initial rates, monitored in the absence and in the presence of antioxidants, depends linearly on their concentration. From the slopes of these straight lines, an absolute scale of inhibition properties of the lipid peroxidation can be devised. Furthermore, the little difference of the time of complete oxygen consumption on concentration of different antioxidants has been found, indicating a restricted difference towards chemical structure and stoichiometric ratio. Some considerations regarding the mechanisms of inhibition of the lipid peroxidation in micelles, in view of bibliographic data, have been made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michela Sicari
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Roberto Stevanato
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy.
| | - Italo Ongaro
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Roberto Zuliani
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Giampietro Ravagnan
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
| | - Vittorio Lucchini
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Via Torino 155, 30170 Mestre Venice, Italy
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26
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Yang W, Wu Z, Huang ZY, Miao X. Preservation of orange juice using propolis. Journal of Food Science and Technology 2017; 54:3375-3383. [PMID: 29051632 DOI: 10.1007/s13197-017-2754-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Revised: 06/16/2017] [Accepted: 07/07/2017] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Orange juice is one of the most popular and the most consumed fruit juices all over the world, especially in Europe and the chemical food preservatives, such as sodium benzoate, potassium sorbate and their mixtures, have long been used in orange juice sold on the market. Excessive consumption of these preservatives may be hazardous to human health. Propolis, composed of resins collected from plant buds and exudates and mixed with salivary gland secretions and beeswax by honey bee workers, has been used as a human medicine and natural food preservative. We hypothesis that propolis, without alcohol, can serve as an alternative and non-synthetic preservative of orange juice. In this study, the preservative effect of propolis emulsion on orange juice was determined up to 35 days. Propolis emulsion (0.02 g/mL propolis, 12 mL), emulsion control (12 mL containing Tween-80, hydrophilic phospholipid and polyethylene glycol 400), sodium benzoate (0.4 g) and potassium sorbate (0.4 g) was each added to 388, 388, 400 and 400 mL orange juice respectively. Propolis emulsion showed significant inhibition of bacteria growth and l-ascorbic acid degradation. Orange juice pH value, titratable acidity, total phenolic content, color and antioxidant capacity were effectively maintained by propolis emulsion. A control solution with all the same emulsifying agents without propolis did not show these properties. It was concluded that propolis can be used as a natural additive agent in orange juice or other fruit juices as an alternative to chemical preservatives.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wenchao Yang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China
- Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenhong Wu
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48912 USA
| | - Zachary Y Huang
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China
- Department of Entomology, Michigan State University, East Lansing, MI 48912 USA
| | - Xiaoqing Miao
- College of Bee Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China
- Bee Product Processing and Application Research Center of the Ministry of Education, Fuzhou, 350002 Fujian People's Republic of China
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27
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Bouyahya A, Abrini J, Et-Touys A, Bakri Y, Dakka N. Indigenous knowledge of the use of medicinal plants in the North-West of Morocco and their biological activities. Eur J Integr Med 2017. [DOI: 10.1016/j.eujim.2017.06.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 37] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
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28
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Chen L, Teng H, Xie Z, Cao H, Cheang WS, Skalicka-Woniak K, Georgiev MI, Xiao J. Modifications of dietary flavonoids towards improved bioactivity: An update on structure-activity relationship. Crit Rev Food Sci Nutr 2017; 58:513-527. [PMID: 27438892 DOI: 10.1080/10408398.2016.1196334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 172] [Impact Index Per Article: 24.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Over the past two decades, extensive studies have revealed that inflammation represents a major risk factor for various human diseases. Chronic inflammatory responses predispose to pathological progression of chronic illnesses featured with penetration of inflammatory cells, dysregulation of cellular signaling, excessive generation of cytokines, and loss of barrier function. Hence, the suppression of inflammation has the potential to delay, prevent, and to treat chronic diseases. Flavonoids, which are widely distributed in humans daily diet, such as vegetables, fruits, tea and cocoa, among others, are considered as bioactive compounds with anti-inflammatory potential. Modification of flavonoids including hydroxylation, o-methylation, and glycosylation, can alter their metabolic features and affect mechanisms of inflammation. Structure-activity relationships among naturally occurred flavonoids hence provide us with a preliminary insight into their anti-inflammatory potential, not only attributing to the antioxidant capacity, but also to modulate inflammatory mediators. The present review summarizes current knowledge and underlies mechanisms of anti-inflammatory activities of dietary flavonoids and their influences involved in the development of various inflammatory-related chronic diseases. In addition, the established structure-activity relationships of phenolic compounds in this review may give an insight for the screening of new anti-inflammatory agents from dietary materials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lei Chen
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Teng
- a College of Food Science , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Zhenglu Xie
- b Jinshan College , Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Hui Cao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Wai San Cheang
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
| | - Krystyna Skalicka-Woniak
- d Department of Pharmacognosy with Medicinal Plant Unit , Medical University of Lublin , Lublin , Poland
| | - Milen I Georgiev
- e Group of Plant Cell Biotechnology and Metabolomics , The Stephan Angeloff Institute of Microbiology, Bulgarian Academy of Sciences , Plovdiv , Bulgaria.,f Center of Plant Systems Biology and Biotechnology , Plovdiv , Bulgaria
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- c Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau, Avenida da Universidade , Taipa , Macau
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Hamilton KD, Brooks PR, Ogbourne SM, Russell FD. Natural products isolated from Tetragonula carbonaria cerumen modulate free radical-scavenging and 5-lipoxygenase activities in vitro. BMC COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 17:232. [PMID: 28446157 PMCID: PMC5406900 DOI: 10.1186/s12906-017-1748-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/21/2016] [Accepted: 04/21/2017] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background Propolis and cerumen are plant-derived products found in honeybees and stingless bees, respectively. Although propolis is an ancient folk medicine, the bioactivities of cerumen obtained from Australian native stingless bees (Tetragonula carbonaria) have not been widely studied. Therefore, we investigated selected anti-oxidant and anti-inflammatory properties of T. carbonaria cerumen. Methods A methanolic extract was prepared from the combined cerumen of 40 T. carbonaria hives, and HPLC was used to screen for chemical constituents that scavenged 2,2-azobis(2-methylpropionamidine) dihydrochloride (AAPH). The ability of cerumen extracts to scavenge 1,1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) and to interfere with leukotriene B4 (LTB4) production in ionomycin-stimulated human neutrophils was also examined. Results The extract dose-dependently scavenged DPPH (EC50 = 27.0 ± 2.3 μg/mL); and inhibited the 5-lipoxygenase (5-LOX)-mediated oxidation of linoleic acid (IC50 = 67.1 ± 9.6 μg/mL). Pre-treatment of isolated human neutrophils with the methanolic cerumen extract additionally inhibited the ionomycin-stimulated production of LTB4 from these cells (IC50 = 13.3 ± 5.3 μg/mL). Following multi-solvent extraction, the free radical-scavenging and 5-LOX-inhibiting activities of the initial cerumen extract were retained in a polar, methanol-water extract, which contained gallic acid and a range of flavonone and phenolic natural products. Conclusions The findings identify free radical scavenging activity, and interference by extracts of T. carbonaria cerumen in 5-LOX–LTB4 signaling. Further investigation is needed to determine whether the extracts will provide therapeutic benefits for medical conditions in which oxidative stress and inflammation are implicated, including cardiovascular disease and impaired wound healing.
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El Rabey HA, Al-Seeni MN, Bakhashwain AS. The Antidiabetic Activity of Nigella sativa and Propolis on Streptozotocin-Induced Diabetes and Diabetic Nephropathy in Male Rats. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2017; 2017:5439645. [PMID: 28298934 PMCID: PMC5337387 DOI: 10.1155/2017/5439645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/03/2016] [Accepted: 01/19/2017] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Abstract
This study was conducted to compare the ameliorative effect of Nigella sativa and propolis methanol extract on streptozotocin-induced diabetic male rats and treating diabetic nephropathy. Forty male Albino rats were divided into four groups; the first group was the negative control fed standard diet. The other 30 rats were injected with streptozotocin to induce diabetes by a single intravenous injection and then divided equally into three groups; the second group was the positive diabetic control; the third and the fourth groups were treated orally with 20% w/w Nigella sativa seeds methanol extract and propolis methanol extract (20% w/w), respectively. The rats of the second group showed increased glucose levels and lipid peroxide accompanied with reduction in superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione-S-transferase enzyme activities compared with the negative control. Carboxymethyl lysine, interleukin-6, and immunoglobulins were also increased as a result of diabetes. Kidney function parameters were also elevated, while potassium and sodium levels were decreased. Moreover, tissues of kidney and pancreas showed severe histopathological changes. Treating the diabetic rats with Nigella sativa and propolis methanol extract in the third and fourth groups, respectively, ameliorated all altered biochemical and pathological examinations approaching the negative control. Propolis was more effective than Nigella sativa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Haddad A. El Rabey
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
- Bioinformatics Department, Genetic Engineering and Biotechnology Institute, University of Sadat City, Sadat City, Monufia, Egypt
| | - Madeha N. Al-Seeni
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Amal S. Bakhashwain
- Biochemistry Department, Faculty of Science, King Abdulaziz University, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
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Effect of the Addition of Propolis Extract on Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Craft Beer. J CHEM-NY 2017. [DOI: 10.1155/2017/6716053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Antioxidant-rich foods and beverages play an essential role in the prevention of diseases. This study assessed the influence of the addition of ethanolic extract of propolis (EEP) to beer at different concentrations (0.05, 0.15, and 0.25 g/L). Total phenolic content (TPC) and total flavonoid content (TFC) were determined. Antioxidant activity (AA) was evaluated by radical scavenging activity (DPPH and ABTS) and reducing power (FRAP). The addition of EEP in beer resulted in a linear increase in the TPC with values of 4.5%, 16.7%, and 26.7% above a control (no EEP added; 242 mg gallic acid equivalent/L). A similar increase was observed with TFC values 16.0%, 49.7%, and 59.2% above the control (16.9 mg quercetin equivalent/L). The FRAP assay indicated linear increases in AA relative to control with values of 1555, 1705, and 1892 μmol Trolox equivalent/L following EEP additions. The incorporation of EEP resulted in increases in the bioactive compounds and AA in beer without altering the physicochemical parameters of golden ale beer. The results indicate a promising use of propolis extract as a functional ingredient in beer.
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Pazin WM, Olivier DDS, Vilanova N, Ramos AP, Voets IK, Soares AEE, Ito AS. Interaction of Artepillin C with model membranes. EUROPEAN BIOPHYSICS JOURNAL: EBJ 2016; 46:383-393. [DOI: 10.1007/s00249-016-1183-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/25/2016] [Revised: 10/11/2016] [Accepted: 10/18/2016] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
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Oboh G, Ogunruku OO, Oyeleye SI, Olasehinde TA, Ademosun AO, Boligon AA. Phenolic Extracts fromClerodendrum volubileLeaves Inhibit Cholinergic and Monoaminergic Enzymes Relevant to the Management of Some Neurodegenerative Diseases. J Diet Suppl 2016; 14:358-371. [DOI: 10.1080/19390211.2016.1237401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
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Nina N, Quispe C, Jiménez-Aspee F, Theoduloz C, Giménez A, Schmeda-Hirschmann G. Chemical profiling and antioxidant activity of Bolivian propolis. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2016; 96:2142-53. [PMID: 26138367 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.7330] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2014] [Revised: 05/04/2015] [Accepted: 06/30/2015] [Indexed: 05/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propolis is a relevant research subject worldwide. However, there is no information so far on Bolivian propolis. Ten propolis samples were collected from regions with high biodiversity in the main honey production places in Bolivia and were analyzed for their total phenolics (TP), flavonoids (TF) and antioxidant activity. The chemical profiles of the samples were assessed by TLC, HPLC-DAD, HPLC-DAD-MS/MS(n) and NMR analysis. RESULTS TP, TF, TLC and NMR analysis showed significant chemical differences between the samples. Isolation of the main constituents by chromatography and identification by HPLC-DAD-MS/MS(n) achieved more than 35 constituents. According to their profiles, the Bolivian propolis can be classified into phenolic-rich and triterpene-rich samples. Propolis from the valleys (Cochabamba, Chuquisaca and Tarija) contained mainly prenylated phenylpropanoids, while samples from La Paz and Santa Cruz contained cycloartane and pentacyclic triterpenes. Phenolic-rich samples presented moderate to strong antioxidant activity while the triterpene-rich propolis were weakly active. CONCLUSION High chemical diversity and differential antioxidant effects were found in Bolivian propolis. Our results provide additional evidence on the chemical composition and bioactivity of South American propolis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nélida Nina
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000, Talca, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Programa de Magister en Ciencias Biomédicas, Universidad de Talca, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Quispe
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000, Talca, Chile
- Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad Arturo Prat, Casilla 121, Iquique, 1110939, Chile
| | - Felipe Jiménez-Aspee
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Cristina Theoduloz
- Laboratorio de Cultivo Celular, Facultad de Ciencias de la Salud, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000, Talca, Chile
| | - Alberto Giménez
- Instituto de Investigaciones Fármaco-Bioquímicas (IIFB), Facultad de Ciencias Farmacéuticas y Bioquímicas, Universidad Mayor de San Andrés, La Paz, Bolivia
| | - Guillermo Schmeda-Hirschmann
- Laboratorio de Química de Productos Naturales, Instituto de Química de Recursos Naturales, Universidad de Talca, Casilla 747, 3460000, Talca, Chile
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Sulaiman GM. Molecular structure and anti-proliferative effect of galangin in HCT-116 cells: In vitro study. Food Sci Biotechnol 2016; 25:247-252. [PMID: 30263264 PMCID: PMC6049387 DOI: 10.1007/s10068-016-0036-4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/18/2015] [Revised: 05/06/2015] [Accepted: 09/14/2015] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Galangin is a naturally occurring plant flavonoid with potential anticancer activity. In present work, the Becke three-parameter hybrid exchange functional method and the Lee-Yang-Parr correction functional methods were used to investigate the structural properties of galangin. The structure-activity relationship analysis has been performed to determine its antioxidant pharmacophore by using density functional theory method and quantum chemical calculations. The free radical scavenging activities of galangin were analyzed with the use of 2, 2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl and compared with Vitamin C as a control. Galangin decreased the cell proliferation rate in HCT-116 cells and showed concentration- and time-dependent response. Galangin significantly increase the inhibitory effect on HCT-116 clonogenicity and promotes cell cycle arrest at the G2/M or G1 phase, as confirmed by flow cytometry analysis.
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de Lima GG, de Souza RO, Bozzi AD, Poplawska MA, Devine DM, Nugent MJD. Extraction Method Plays Critical Role in Antibacterial Activity of Propolis-Loaded Hydrogels. J Pharm Sci 2016; 105:1248-57. [PMID: 26886307 DOI: 10.1016/j.xphs.2015.12.027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/22/2015] [Revised: 12/21/2015] [Accepted: 12/22/2015] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
Extracted propolis has been used for a long time as a remedy. However, if the release rate of propolis is not controlled, the efficacy is reduced. To overcome this issue, extracted propolis was added to a cryogel system. Propolis collected from southern Brazil was extracted using different methods and loaded at different concentrations into polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and polyacrylic acid hydrogels as carrier systems. The material properties were investigated with a focus on the propolis release profiles and the cryogel antibacterial properties against 4 different bacteria, namely: Staphylococcus aureus, Escherichia coli, Salmonella typhimurium, and Pseudomonas putida. Swelling studies indicated that the swelling of the hydrogel was inversely related to propolis content. In addition, propolis release studies indicated a decreased release rate with increased propolis loading. PVA and PVA/polyacrylic acid-loaded propolis were effective against all 4 bacteria studied. These results indicate that the efficacy of propolis can be enhanced by incorporation into hydrogel carrier systems and that hydrogels with higher concentrations of propolis can be considered for use as bactericide dressing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gabriel G de Lima
- Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Ronaldo O de Souza
- Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | - Aline D Bozzi
- Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland
| | | | - Declan M Devine
- Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland; Rehabilitation Medicine Centre, Mayo Clinic, Rochester, Minnesota 55902
| | - Michael J D Nugent
- Materials Research Institute, Athlone Institute of Technology, Athlone, Ireland.
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Evaluation of the contributions of polyphenols in Chinese propolis by on-line HPLC–ABTS method. Eur Food Res Technol 2015. [DOI: 10.1007/s00217-015-2564-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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Sun C, Wu Z, Wang Z, Zhang H. Effect of Ethanol/Water Solvents on Phenolic Profiles and Antioxidant Properties of Beijing Propolis Extracts. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2015; 2015:595393. [PMID: 26351514 PMCID: PMC4553316 DOI: 10.1155/2015/595393] [Citation(s) in RCA: 119] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/27/2015] [Revised: 07/21/2015] [Accepted: 07/29/2015] [Indexed: 12/18/2022]
Abstract
Propolis is a natural substance known to be beneficial for human health and used as a folk medicine in many parts of the world. In this study, phenolic profiles and antioxidant properties of Beijing propolis extracted by different ethanol/water solvents were analyzed. Our results reveal that phenolic compounds and antioxidant properties of propolis extracts were significantly dependent on the concentration of ethanol/water solvents. Totally, 29 phenolic compounds were identified: 12 phenolic acids, 13 flavonoids, and 4 phenolic acid esters. In particular, 75 wt.% ethanol/water solvent may be the best for the highest extraction yield and the strongest antioxidant properties. Caffeic acid, benzyl caffeate, phenethyl caffeate, 5-methoxy pinobanksin, pinobanksin, pinocembrin, pinobanksin-3-O-acetate, chrysin, and galangin were the characteristic compounds of Beijing propolis, and these compounds seem to verify that Beijing propolis may be poplar-type propolis. In addition, the presence of high level of pinobanksin-3-O-acetate in Chinese propolis may be a novel finding, representing one-third of all phenolics.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chunli Sun
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Zhengshuang Wu
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
| | - Ziyan Wang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- College of Food Science and Technology, Nanjing Agricultural University, Nanjing 210095, China
| | - Hongcheng Zhang
- Institute of Apicultural Research, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing 100093, China
- National Research Center of Bee Product Processing, Ministry of Agriculture, Beijing 100093, China
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Mohdaly AA, Mahmoud AA, Roby MH, Smetanska I, Ramadan MF. Phenolic Extract from Propolis and Bee Pollen: Composition, Antioxidant and Antibacterial Activities. J Food Biochem 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.12160] [Citation(s) in RCA: 64] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Adel A.A. Mohdaly
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Fayoum University; Faiyum Egypt
- Agricultural Faculty; Triesdorf, Food Management Course; Plant Production and Processing Department; University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf; Steingruber Strasse 2 Weidenbach 91746 Germany
| | - Awad A. Mahmoud
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Fayoum University; Faiyum Egypt
| | - Mohamed H.H. Roby
- Department of Food Science and Technology; Faculty of Agriculture; Fayoum University; Faiyum Egypt
- Laboratoire d'ingénierie des Biomolecules; Université de Lorraine; Nancy France
| | - Iryna Smetanska
- Agricultural Faculty; Triesdorf, Food Management Course; Plant Production and Processing Department; University of Applied Sciences Weihenstephan-Triesdorf; Steingruber Strasse 2 Weidenbach 91746 Germany
| | - Mohamed Fawzy Ramadan
- Agricultural Biochemistry Department; Faculty of Agriculture; Zagazig University; Zagazig Egypt
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Spinelli S, Conte A, Lecce L, Incoronato AL, Del Nobile MA. Microencapsulated Propolis to Enhance the Antioxidant Properties of Fresh Fish Burgers. J FOOD PROCESS ENG 2015. [DOI: 10.1111/jfpe.12183] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/27/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Sara Spinelli
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 Foggia 71122 Italy
| | - Amalia Conte
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 Foggia 71122 Italy
| | - Lucia Lecce
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 Foggia 71122 Italy
| | - Anna Lucia Incoronato
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 Foggia 71122 Italy
| | - Matteo Alessandro Del Nobile
- Department of Agricultural Sciences, Food and Environment; University of Foggia; Via Napoli 25 Foggia 71122 Italy
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Chaurasiya ND, Ibrahim MA, Muhammad I, Walker LA, Tekwani BL. Monoamine oxidase inhibitory constituents of propolis: kinetics and mechanism of inhibition of recombinant human MAO-A and MAO-B. Molecules 2014; 19:18936-52. [PMID: 25412041 PMCID: PMC6271006 DOI: 10.3390/molecules191118936] [Citation(s) in RCA: 48] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2014] [Revised: 10/07/2014] [Accepted: 10/11/2014] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
Abstract
Propolis is the resinous material that bees gather from leaf buds, flowers and vegetables. Propolis extracts contain constituents with a broad spectra of pharmacological properties and are important ingredients of popular dietary supplements. Propolis extracts were evaluated in vitro for inhibition of recombinant human monoamine oxidase (MAO)-A and MAO-B. The dichloromethane extract of propolis showed potent inhibition of human MAO-A and MAO-B. Further fractionation identified the most active fractions as rich in flavonoids. Galangin and apigenin were identified as the principal MAO-inhibitory constituents. Inhibition of MAO-A by galangin was about 36 times more selective than MAO-B, while apigenin selectivity for MAO-A vs. MAO-B was about 1.7 fold. Apigenin inhibited MAO-B significantly more potently than galangin. Galangin and apigenin were further evaluated for kinetic characteristics and the mechanism for the enzymes’ inhibition. Binding of galangin and apigenin with MAO-A and -B was not time-dependent and was reversible, as suggested by enzyme-inhibitor binding and dissociation-dialysis assay. The inhibition kinetics studies suggested that galangin and apigenin inhibited MAO-A and -B by a competitive mechanism. Presence of prominent MAO inhibitory constituents in propolis products suggests their potential for eliciting pharmacological effects that might be useful in depression or other neurological disorders. The results may also have important implications in drug-dietary supplement interactions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Narayan D Chaurasiya
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Mohamed A Ibrahim
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Ilias Muhammad
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Larry A Walker
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
| | - Babu L Tekwani
- National Center for Natural Products Research, Research Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, School of Pharmacy, University of Mississippi, University, MS 38677, USA.
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Socha R, Gałkowska D, Bugaj M, Juszczak L. Phenolic composition and antioxidant activity of propolis from various regions of Poland. Nat Prod Res 2014; 29:416-22. [PMID: 25185953 DOI: 10.1080/14786419.2014.949705] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
The aim of this work was to determine phenolic acid and flavonoid contents, as well as antioxidant properties of propolis from different regions of Poland. Total phenolic content of propolis samples ranged from 150.05 to 197.14 mg/g GAE, while total flavonoid content was 35.64-62.04 mg/g QE. The dominant phenolic acid was p-coumaric acid, the content of which was from 37.54 to 116.95 mg/g. The samples also contained much ferulic acid. Among the flavonoids, chrysine and galangine were dominant, and for two samples, naringine was dominant. The propolis samples exhibited various antiradical activity measured towards DPPH(·) (1.92-2.69 mM TE/g) and ABTS(·+) (3.96-4.98 mM TE/g) and reducing power was determined by the ferric reducing antioxidant power method (6.23-9.19 mM Fe(II)/g). The significant linear correlations between total phenolic content and antiradical activity and between total phenolic content and reducing power were observed. Moreover, the total flavonoids content significantly correlated with antiradical activity and reducing power.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert Socha
- a Department of Analysis and Evaluation of Food Quality , Faculty of Food Technology, University of Agriculture in Krakow , Balicka Street 122, 30-19 Krakow , Poland
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Arora SK, Itankar PR, Verma PR, Bharne AP, Kokare DM. Involvement of NFκB in the antirheumatic potential of Chenopodium album L., aerial parts extracts. JOURNAL OF ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY 2014; 155:222-229. [PMID: 24862491 DOI: 10.1016/j.jep.2014.05.026] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2013] [Revised: 04/24/2014] [Accepted: 05/19/2014] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE Chenopodium album L. (C. album) is commonly known as Bathua in Hindi (Family: Chenopodiaceae). Traditionally, the plant is used as a laxative, diuretic, sedative and the infusion of the plant is used for the treatment of rheumatism. However, no scientific validation is available on the antirheumatic potential of the plant. In the present investigation, role of NF kappa B (NFκB) in the antiarthritic potential of extracts of aerial parts of Chenopodium album was explored and evaluated. METHODS The defatted aerial parts of Chenopodium album were successively extracted with ethylacetate, acetone, methanol and 50% methanol to study their antioxidant capacity followed by antiarthritic potential using Complete Freund׳s adjuvant (CFA) induced arthritis model in rats. The polyphenol, flavonoid and flavanone contents of different extracts were quantified and correlated with their antioxidant capacity, antiarthritic activity and NFκB inhibition potential. RESULTS The experimental data indicated that the acetone extract of Chenopodium album (ACCA) has shown significant reduction in rat paw edema (80.13%) at dose level of 200 mg/kg per oral in 21 days of this study. On 22nd day, hematological and biochemical parameters were estimated and it was observed that the altered hematological parameters (Hb, RBC, WBC and ESR), biochemical parameters (Serum creatinine, total proteins and acute phase proteins) and loss in body weight in the arthritic rats were significantly brought back to near normal level by the ACCA extract. ACCA extract significantly decreased the NFκB expression in paraventricular nucleus of hypothalamus and this effect is comparable with standard indomethacine in CFA treated rats. The polyphenolic and flavonoid content of different extracts were in the range of 14.56±0.21-42.00±0.2 mg (gallic acid equivalent/g extract) and 2.20±0.003-7.33±0.5 mg (rutin equivalent/g extract) respectively. CONCLUSION The antiarthritic activity possessed by ACCA extract can be correlated directly to its antioxidant potential, high flavonoidal content achieved by successive extraction and its capacity to inhibit the NFκB protein, as proven by immunohistochemistry study.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sumit K Arora
- University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Prakash R Itankar
- University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Prashant R Verma
- University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Ashish P Bharne
- University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India.
| | - Dadasaheb M Kokare
- University Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Department of Pharmacognosy and Phytochemistry, Rashtrasant Tukadoji Maharaj Nagpur University, Amravati Road, Nagpur 440033, Maharashtra, India.
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Dutra RP, Abreu BVDB, Cunha MS, Batista MCA, Torres LMB, Nascimento FRF, Ribeiro MNS, Guerra RNM. Phenolic acids, hydrolyzable tannins, and antioxidant activity of geopropolis from the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata Smith. JOURNAL OF AGRICULTURAL AND FOOD CHEMISTRY 2014; 62:2549-57. [PMID: 24571707 DOI: 10.1021/jf404875v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 39] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/10/2023]
Abstract
Geopropolis is a mixture of plant resins, waxes, and soil produced by the stingless bee Melipona fasciculata Smith. This paper describes the antioxidant activity and chemical composition of geopropolis produced by M. fasciculata. The total phenolic content determined with the Folin-Ciocalteu reagent was highest in the ethyl acetate fraction and hydroalcoholic extract. Antioxidant activity was assayed by the in vitro DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP assays. The hydroalcoholic extract and fractions of geopropolis, except for the hexane fraction, exhibited antioxidant activity against DPPH, ABTS, and FRAP. The phenolic compounds were identified by HPLC-DAD-MS on the basis of the evaluation of their UV-vis absorption maxima (λmax) and mass spectral analysis. Eleven compounds belonging to the classes of phenolic acids and hydrolyzable tannins (gallotannins and ellagitannins) were tentatively identified. These compounds are responsible for the antioxidant activity and high phenolic content of geopropolis produced by M. fasciculata.
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Affiliation(s)
- Richard Pereira Dutra
- Laboratório de Imunofisiologia and ‡Laboratório de Farmacognosia, Universidade Federal do Maranhão , Av. dos Portugueses 1966, 65085-580 São Luı́s, Maranhão, Brazil
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Stevanato R, Bertelle M, Fabris S. Photoprotective characteristics of natural antioxidant polyphenols. Regul Toxicol Pharmacol 2014; 69:71-7. [PMID: 24607767 DOI: 10.1016/j.yrtph.2014.02.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2013] [Revised: 02/24/2014] [Accepted: 02/26/2014] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
Fourteen natural polyphenols belonging to the classes of stilbenes, flavonoids and hydroxycinnamic acid derivatives, have been investigated in order to verify the combination of their photoprotective characteristics with their antioxidant properties. To this purpose, sun protection factor (SPF), UVA/UVB ratio and critical wavelengths (λc), have been considered to evaluate photoprotection capacity, while inhibition of lipid peroxidation has been adopted as a reliable measure of the antioxidant properties. The results obtained indicate that a large number of these natural phenol derivatives show both antioxidant activity and photoprotective characteristics and, as a consequence, they could be interesting components for pharma-photoprotection formulations. In fact, these compounds associate to a preventive function, linked to UV filtering properties, an effective action, correlated to antioxidant capacity of contrast towards UV-induced ROS injury.
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Affiliation(s)
- Roberto Stevanato
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123 Venice, Italy.
| | - Mariangela Bertelle
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123 Venice, Italy.
| | - Sabrina Fabris
- Department of Molecular Sciences and Nanosystems, University Ca' Foscari of Venice, Dorsoduro 2137, 30123 Venice, Italy.
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Yagolnik EA, Tarahovsky YS, Klenina IB, Kuznetsova SM, Muzafarov EN, Kim YA. Study of membranotropic and antioxidant activity of flavonoids and their complexes with ferric iron. Biophysics (Nagoya-shi) 2014. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006350913050187] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022] Open
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Boonsai P, Phuwapraisirisan P, Chanchao C. Antibacterial activity of a cardanol from Thai Apis mellifera propolis. Int J Med Sci 2014; 11:327-36. [PMID: 24578609 PMCID: PMC3936026 DOI: 10.7150/ijms.7373] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2013] [Accepted: 01/24/2014] [Indexed: 01/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Propolis is a sticky, dark brown resinous residue made by bees that is derived from plant resins. It is used to construct and repair the nest, and in addition possesses several diverse bioactivities. Here, propolis from Apis mellifera from Nan province, Thailand, was tested for antibacterial activity against Gram(+ve) (Staphylococcus aureus and Paenibacillus larvae) and Gram(-ve) (Escherichia coli) bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS The three bacterial isolates were confirmed for species designation by Gram staining and analysis of the partial sequence of 16S rDNA. Propolis was sequentially extracted by methanol, dichloromethane and hexane. The antibacterial activity was determined by agar well diffusion and microbroth dilution assays using streptomycin as a positive control. The most active crude extract was further purified by quick column and adsorption chromatography. The apparent purity of each bioactive fraction was tested by thin layer chromatography. The chemical structure of the isolated bioactive compound was analyzed by nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR). RESULTS Crude methanol extract of propolis showed the best antibacterial activity with a minimum inhibition concentration (MIC) value of 5 mg/mL for S. aureus and E. coli and 6.25 mg/mL for P. larvae. After quick column chromatography, only three active fractions were inhibitory to the growth of S. aureus and E. coli with MIC values of 6.25 and 31.3 µg/mL, respectively. Further adsorption chromatography yielded one pure bioactive fraction (A1A) with an IC50 value of 0.175 µg/mL for E. coli and 0.683 µg/mL for P. larvae, and was determined to be cardanol by NMR analysis. Scanning and transmission electron microscopy analysis revealed unusual shaped (especially in dividing cells), damaged and dead cells in cardanol-treated E. coli. CONCLUSION Thai propolis contains a promising antibacterial agent.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pattaraporn Boonsai
- 1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Preecha Phuwapraisirisan
- 2. Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
| | - Chanpen Chanchao
- 1. Department of Biology, Faculty of Science, Chulalongkorn University, 254 Phayathai Road, Bangkok 10330, Thailand
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Lagouri V, Prasianaki D, Krysta F. Antioxidant Properties and Phenolic Composition of Greek Propolis Extracts. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF FOOD PROPERTIES 2013. [DOI: 10.1080/10942912.2012.654561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
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Yildiz O, Karahalil F, Can Z, Sahin H, Kolayli S. Total monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibition by chestnut honey, pollen and propolis. J Enzyme Inhib Med Chem 2013; 29:690-4. [PMID: 24156742 DOI: 10.3109/14756366.2013.843171] [Citation(s) in RCA: 32] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Monoamine oxidase (MAO) inhibitors are generally used in the treatment of depressive disorders and some neurodegenerative illnesses, such as Parkinson's disease and Alzheimer's disease. The aim of this preliminary study was to investigate the MAO [MAO (E.C.1.4.3.4)] inhibiting effect of various apitherapeutic products, such as chestnut honey, pollen and propolis. Extracts' MAO inhibition was measured using peroxidase-linked spectrophotometric assay in enzyme isolated from rat liver microsomes, and the values are expressed as the inhibition concentration (IC50) causing 50% inhibition of MAO. The antioxidant activity of the bee products was also determined in terms of total phenolic content (TPC) and ferric reducing/antioxidant power in aquatic extracts. All samples exhibited substantial inhibition of MAO, propolis having the highest. Inhibition was related to samples' TPCs and antioxidant capacities. These results show that bee products possess a sedative effect and may be effective in protecting humans against depression and similar diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Yildiz
- Maçka Vocational High School, Karadeniz Technical University , Trabzon , Turkey and
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Antioxidant properties of Brazilian tropical fruits by correlation between different assays. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2013; 2013:132759. [PMID: 24106692 PMCID: PMC3782762 DOI: 10.1155/2013/132759] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/16/2013] [Revised: 07/16/2013] [Accepted: 07/23/2013] [Indexed: 12/02/2022]
Abstract
Four different assays (the Folin-Ciocalteu, DPPH, enzymatic method, and inhibitory activity on lipid peroxidation) based on radically different physicochemical principles and normally used to determine the antioxidant activity of food have been confronted and utilized to investigate the antioxidant activity of fruits originated from Brazil, with particular attention to more exotic and less-studied species (jurubeba, Solanum paniculatum; pequi, Caryocar brasiliense; pitaya, Hylocereus undatus; siriguela, Spondias purpurea; umbu, Spondias tuberosa) in order to (i) verify the correlations between results obtained by the different assays, with the final purpose to obtain more reliable results avoiding possible measuring-method linked mistakes and (ii) individuate the more active fruit species. As expected, the different methods give different responses, depending on the specific assay reaction. Anyhow all results indicate high antioxidant properties for siriguela and jurubeba and poor values for pitaya, umbu, and pequi. Considering that no marked difference of ascorbic acid content has been detected among the different fruits, experimental data suggest that antioxidant activities of the investigated Brazilian fruits are poorly correlated with this molecule, principally depending on their total polyphenolic content.
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