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Sankhwar P, Jaiswar SP, Yadav S, Awasthi V, Goel A, Kumar P, Banik SP, Bagchi M, Bagchi D. Beneficial Effects of a Novel Fenugreek Seed Extract ( Trigonella foenum-graecum, Furocyst®) in Women with Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS): A Follow-up Compliance Clinical Investigation. J Am Nutr Assoc 2023; 42:691-699. [PMID: 36441141 DOI: 10.1080/27697061.2022.2145526] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/28/2022] [Revised: 10/30/2022] [Accepted: 11/04/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is an endocrine disorder which accounts for infertility around the world. The disease is characterized by elevated secretion of androgens in the women which results in enlargement of ovaries with accumulation of fluid filled cysts, irregular menstrual cycles, and hirsutism. This study reports the efficacy of a patented, standardized Trigonella foenum-graecum extract (Furocyst®) as an effective phytotherapeutic for effective management of PCOS. OBJECTIVE This randomized one-arm study assessed the efficacy of Furocyst® in 107 female volunteers over a period of 12 consecutive weeks. METHOD Following approvals of the Institutional Ethical Committee and clinicaltrials.gov, 107 female volunteers (age: 18-45 years) were recruited. Subjects consumed Furocyst® capsules (1,000 mg/day p.o.) over a period of 12 consecutive weeks. Physical (Sonographic scan, Hirsutism Score, Menstrual cycle, Body Weight, BMI, Height, Waist Circumference and Blood Pressure) and biochemical parameters (LH/FSH ratio, TSH, Prolactin, Fasting insulin, Fasting Glucose, triglyceride, cholesterol, HOMA Index, free and total testosterone, 2-hour GTT, DHEAS) were assessed at the beginning of the study as well as at intervals of 4 weeks till 12 weeks to determine the efficacy of Furocyst® on PCOS induced damage on reproductive and endocrine system. RESULTS Furocyst® treatment induced >40% reduction of mean cyst sizes in both ovaries with corresponding reduction of in ovarian volumes. LH:FSH ratio was also significantly improved with corresponding reduction in total testosterone and prolactin levels. As a result of improvement in endocrine function, menstrual cycle became regular in the subjects. Furocyst® also reduced the severity of other associated ailments such as insulin resistance, dyslipidemia, and improved liver function significantly. CONCLUSIONS This study reinstated the efficacy of Furocyst® as a safe phytotherapeutic to reverse the effects of PCOS inflicted damage on the female reproductive system without any adverse events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pushplata Sankhwar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - S P Jaiswar
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Sonali Yadav
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Vandana Awasthi
- Department of Obstetrics & Gynecology, King George's Medical University, Lucknow, India
| | - Apurva Goel
- Regulatory Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, India
| | - Pawan Kumar
- Research and Development Department, Chemical Resources (CHERESO), Panchkula, India
| | - Samudra P Banik
- Department of Microbiology, Maulana Azad College, Kolkata, India
| | - Manashi Bagchi
- Research & Development Department, Dr. Herbs LLC, Concord, California, USA
| | - Debasis Bagchi
- Department of Biology, Adelphi University, Garden City, New York, USA
- Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Texas Southern University, Houston, Texas, USA
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Rivas-Gastelum MF, Garcia-Amezquita LE, Garcia-Varela R, Sánchez-López AL. Manilkara zapota "chicozapote" as a fruit source of health-beneficial bioactive compounds and its effects on chronic degenerative and infectious diseases, a review. Front Nutr 2023; 10:1194283. [PMID: 37469550 PMCID: PMC10352834 DOI: 10.3389/fnut.2023.1194283] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/26/2023] [Accepted: 06/07/2023] [Indexed: 07/21/2023] Open
Abstract
Manilkara zapota "chicozapote" is an autochthonous evergreen tree from the Southern regions of Mexico, Belize, and Guatemala. Currently, it is widely distributed and extensively grown in Mexico and Southeast Asia. Traditionally, different structures of the plant have been used for medical purposes; seeds have diuretic and purgative properties, aiding in digestive complications and eliminating bladder and kidney stones. Tree bark has antidiarrheal, antipyretic, antibiotic, and astringent properties. Fruits and leaves have been used to treat cold, cough, diarrhea, indigestion, fever, hemorrhages, wounds, and ulcers. Chicozapote fruit is yellow and brown, with an oval shape and rough peel, it is an excellent source of nutrients, such as sugars, proteins, amino acids, and minerals, and is rich in phytochemical components, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, and tannins. These bioactive compounds exert several biological activities, i.e., as an antioxidant, antidiabetic, antimicrobial, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and anti-arthritic agents, to name a few. These beneficial properties assist in preventing chronic and degenerative diseases, such as cancer, diabetes, neurological, infectious, and cardiovascular diseases. The use of chicozapote is still limited to its fresh form, and its non-edible structures produce a lot of waste. Therefore, an alternative valorizing and preserving strategy is to use the fruit as a raw source to design functional foods and pharmacological products. Here, the nutritional and phytochemical profiles and the current view regarding methodologies and conditions, for the extraction and characterization of its bioactive compounds, are described, and focus is placed on their multiple biological effects and specific functional mechanisms.
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Conti V, Randriamboavonjy JI, Rafatro H, Manzo V, Dal Col J, Filippelli A, Corbi G, Tesse A. SIRT1 Signaling Is Involved in the Vascular Improvement Induced by Moringa Oleifera Seeds during Aging. Pharmaceuticals (Basel) 2023; 16:ph16050761. [PMID: 37242544 DOI: 10.3390/ph16050761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/23/2023] [Revised: 05/12/2023] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
Vascular aging is linked to reduce NO bioavailability, endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress, and inflammation. We previously showed that a 4-week treatment of middle-aged Wistar rats (MAWRs, 46 weeks old) with Moringa oleifera seed powder (MOI, 750 mg/kg/day) improved vascular function. Here, we investigated the involvement of SIRT1 in MOI-induced vascular improvement. MAWRs were treated with a standard or MOI-containing diet. Young rats (YWR, 16 weeks old) were the controls and received a standard diet. The hearts and aortas were harvested to evaluate SIRT1 and FOXO1 expression via Western blot and/or immunostaining, SIRT1 activity via a fluorometric assay, and oxidative stress using the DHE fluorescent probe. In the hearts and aortas, SIRT1 expression, reduced in MAWRs compared to YWRs, was enhanced in MOI MAWRs. In the hearts, SIRT1 activity did not differ between YWRs and MAWRs, whereas it was increased in MOI MAWRs compared with them. In the aortas, SIRT1 activity decreased in MAWRs, and it was similar in the MOI MAWRs and YWRs. FOXO1 expression increased in the nuclei of MAWR aortas compared to YWR and was reversed in MOI MAWRs. Interestingly, MOI treatment normalized oxidative stress enhanced in MAWRs, in both the heart and aorta. These results demonstrate the protective role of MOI against cardiovascular dysfunction due to aging via enhanced SIRT1 function and subsequently reduced oxidative stress.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Conti
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital, San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, SA, Italy
| | - Joseph Iharinjaka Randriamboavonjy
- INSERM, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, L'Institut du Thorax, CEDEX 01, F-44000 Nantes, France
- Laboratoire d'Évaluation Pharmaco Clinique (LEPC), Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliquées (IMRA) Fondation Albert et Suzanne Rakoto-Ratsimamanga (FASRR), Avarabohitra Itaosy, Antananarivo 102, Madagascar
| | - Herintsoa Rafatro
- Laboratoire d'Évaluation Pharmaco Clinique (LEPC), Institut Malgache de Recherches Appliquées (IMRA) Fondation Albert et Suzanne Rakoto-Ratsimamanga (FASRR), Avarabohitra Itaosy, Antananarivo 102, Madagascar
| | - Valentina Manzo
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital, San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, SA, Italy
| | - Jessica Dal Col
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
| | - Amelia Filippelli
- Department of Medicine Surgery and Dentistry, Scuola Medica Salernitana, University of Salerno, S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, SA, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology Unit, San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi d'Aragona University Hospital, San Leonardo 1, 84131 Salerno, SA, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples Federico II, 80131 Naples, NA, Italy
| | - Angela Tesse
- INSERM, Université de Nantes, CHU Nantes, CNRS, L'Institut du Thorax, CEDEX 01, F-44000 Nantes, France
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Dogra A, Kour D, Gour A, Bhardwaj M, Bag S, Dhiman SK, Kumar A, Singh G, Nandi U. Ameliorating effect of rutin against diclofenac-induced cardiac injury in rats with underlying function of FABP3, MYL3, and ANP. Drug Chem Toxicol 2023; 46:597-608. [PMID: 35509154 DOI: 10.1080/01480545.2022.2069804] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022]
Abstract
Diclofenac is a widely prescribed anti-inflammatory drug having cardiovascular complications as one of the main liabilities that restrict its therapeutic use. We aimed to investigate for any role of rutin against diclofenac-induced cardiac injury with underlying mechanisms as there is no such precedent to date. The effect of rutin (10 and 20 mg/kg) was evaluated upon concomitant oral administration for fifteen days with diclofenac (10 mg/kg). Rutin significantly attenuated diclofenac-induced alterations in the serum cardiac markers (LDH, CK-MB, and SGOT), serum cytokine levels (TNF-α and IL-6), and oxidative stress markers (MDA and GSH) in the cardiac tissue. Histopathological examination and Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) findings displayed a marked effect of rutin to prevent diclofenac-mediated cardiac injury. Altered protein expression of myocardial injury markers (cTnT, FABP3, and ANP) and apoptotic markers (Bcl-2 and Caspase-3) in the cardiac tissue upon diclofenac treatment was considerably shielded by rutin treatment. MYL3 was unaffected due to diclofenac or rutin treatment. Rutin also significantly improved diclofenac-induced gastrointestinal and hepatic alterations based on the observed ameliorative effects in key mediators, oxidative stress markers, histopathology examination, and SEM findings. Overall results suggest that rutin can protect the diclofenac-induced cardiac injury by lowering oxidative stress, inhibiting inflammation, and reducing apoptosis. Further research work directs toward the development of phytotherapeutics for cardioprotection.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ashish Dogra
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Dilpreet Kour
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Abhishek Gour
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Mahir Bhardwaj
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Swarnendu Bag
- Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Proteomics Unit, CSIR-Institute of Genomics and Integrative Biology, New Delhi, India
| | - Shakti Kumar Dhiman
- Instrumentation Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
| | - Ajay Kumar
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Gurdarshan Singh
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
| | - Utpal Nandi
- PK-PD Toxicology (PPT) Division, CSIR-Indian Institute of Integrative Medicine, Jammu, India
- Academy of Scientific and Innovative Research (AcSIR), Ghaziabad, India
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Conti V, Corbi G, Sabbatino F, De Pascale D, Sellitto C, Stefanelli B, Bertini N, De Simone M, Liguori L, Di Paola I, De Bernardo M, Tesse A, Rosa N, Pagliano P, Filippelli A. Long COVID: Clinical Framing, Biomarkers, and Therapeutic Approaches. J Pers Med 2023; 13:334. [PMID: 36836568 PMCID: PMC9959656 DOI: 10.3390/jpm13020334] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 11.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 02/09/2023] [Accepted: 02/12/2023] [Indexed: 02/17/2023] Open
Abstract
More than two years after the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, healthcare providers are facing an emergency within an emergency, the so-called long COVID or post-COVID-19 syndrome (PCS). Patients diagnosed with PCS develop an extended range of persistent symptoms and/or complications from COVID-19. The risk factors and clinical manifestations are many and various. Advanced age, sex/gender, and pre-existing conditions certainly influence the pathogenesis and course of this syndrome. However, the absence of precise diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers may further complicate the clinical management of patients. This review aimed to summarize recent evidence on the factors influencing PCS, possible biomarkers, and therapeutic approaches. Older patients recovered approximately one month earlier than younger patients, with higher rates of symptoms. Fatigue during the acute phase of COVID-19 appears to be an important risk factor for symptom persistence. Female sex, older age, and active smoking are associated with a higher risk of developing PCS. The incidence of cognitive decline and the risk of death are higher in PCS patients than in controls. Complementary and alternative medicine appears to be associated with improvement in symptoms, particularly fatigue. The heterogeneous nature of post-COVID symptoms and the complexity of patients with PCS, who are often polytreated due to concomitant clinical conditions, suggest a holistic and integrated approach to provide useful guidance for the treatment and overall management of long COVID.
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Affiliation(s)
- Valeria Conti
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Graziamaria Corbi
- Department of Translational Medical Sciences, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Francesco Sabbatino
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Domenico De Pascale
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Carmine Sellitto
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Berenice Stefanelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Nicola Bertini
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy
| | - Matteo De Simone
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Luigi Liguori
- Department of Clinical Medicine and Surgery, University of Naples "Federico II", 80131 Naples, Italy
| | - Ilenia Di Paola
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Maddalena De Bernardo
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Angela Tesse
- CNRS, INSERM, L'institut du Thorax, Université de Nantes, F-44000 Nantes, France
| | - Nicola Rosa
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Pasquale Pagliano
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
| | - Amelia Filippelli
- Department of Medicine, Surgery and Dentistry "Scuola Medica Salernitana", University of Salerno, Via S. Allende, 84081 Baronissi, Italy
- Clinical Pharmacology and Pharmacogenetics Unit, University Hospital "San Giovanni di Dio e Ruggi, D'Aragona", 84131 Salerno, Italy
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Pecorini G, Ferraro E, Puppi D. Polymeric Systems for the Controlled Release of Flavonoids. Pharmaceutics 2023; 15. [PMID: 36839955 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics15020628] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2022] [Revised: 01/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/01/2023] [Indexed: 02/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Flavonoids are natural compounds that are attracting great interest in the biomedical field thanks to the wide spectrum of their biological properties. Their employment as anticancer, anti-inflammatory, and antidiabetic drugs, as well as for many other pharmacological applications, is extensively investigated. One of the most successful ways to increase their therapeutic efficacy is to encapsulate them into a polymeric matrix in order to control their concentration in the physiological fluids for a prolonged time. The aim of this article is to provide an updated overview of scientific literature on the polymeric systems developed so far for the controlled release of flavonoids. The different classes of flavonoids are described together with the polymers most commonly employed for drug delivery applications. Representative drug delivery systems are discussed, highlighting the most common techniques for their preparation. The flavonoids investigated for polymer system encapsulation are then presented with their main source of extraction and biological properties. Relevant literature on their employment in this context is reviewed in relationship to the targeted pharmacological and biomedical applications.
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Gupta P, Rani V. The Surging Mechanistic Role of Angiotensin Converting Enzyme 2 in Human Pathologies: A Potential Approach for Herbal Therapeutics. Curr Drug Targets 2023; 24:1046-1054. [PMID: 37861036 DOI: 10.2174/0113894501247616231009065415] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/13/2023] [Revised: 07/27/2023] [Accepted: 09/15/2023] [Indexed: 10/21/2023]
Abstract
Advancements in biological sciences revealed the significant role of angiotensin-converting enzyme 2 (ACE2), a key cell surface receptor in various human pathologies. ACE2 is a metalloproteinase that not only functions in the regulation of Angiotensin II but also possesses some non-catalytic roles in the human body. There is considerable uncertainty regarding its protein expression, despite its presence in virtually all organs. The level of ACE2 expression and its subcellular localisation in humans may be a key determinant of susceptibility to various infections, symptoms, and outcomes of numerous diseases. Therefore, we summarize the distribution and expression pattern of ACE2 in different cell types related to all major human tissues and organs. Moreover, this review constitutes accumulated evidences of the important resources for further studies on ACE2 Inhibitory capacity via different natural compounds in order to understand its mechanism as the potential drug target in disease pathophysiology and to aid in the development of an effective therapeutic approach towards the various diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Priyadarshini Gupta
- Transcriptome laboratory, Centre of Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Vibha Rani
- Transcriptome laboratory, Centre of Emerging Diseases, Department of Biotechnology, Jaypee Institute of Information Technology, Sector-62, Noida, Uttar Pradesh, India
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Ilyas K, Singer L, Akhtar MA, Bourauel CP, Boccaccini AR. Boswellia sacra Extract-Loaded Mesoporous Bioactive Glass Nano Particles: Synthesis and Biological Effects. Pharmaceutics 2022; 14:126. [PMID: 35057022 DOI: 10.3390/pharmaceutics14010126] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/12/2021] [Revised: 12/29/2021] [Accepted: 12/30/2021] [Indexed: 02/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Bioactive glasses (BGs) are being increasingly considered for numerous biomedical applications. The loading of natural compounds onto BGs to increase the BG biological activity is receiving increasing attention. However, achieving efficient loading of phytotherapeutic compounds onto the surface of bioactive glass is challenging. The present work aimed to prepare novel amino-functionalized mesoporous bioactive glass nanoparticles (MBGNs) loaded with the phytotherapeutic agent Boswellia sacra extract. The prepared amino-functionalized MBGNs showed suitable loading capacity and releasing time. MBGNs (nominal composition: 58 wt% SiO2, 37 wt% CaO, 5 wt% P2O5) were prepared by sol-gel-modified co-precipitation method and were successfully surface-modified by using 3-aminopropyltriethoxysilane (APTES). In order to evaluate MBGNs loaded with Boswellia sacra, morphological analysis, biological studies, physico-chemical and release studies were performed. The successful functionalization and loading of the natural compound were confirmed with FTIR, zeta-potential measurements and UV-Vis spectroscopy, respectively. Structural and morphological evaluation of MBGNs was done by XRD, SEM and BET analyses, whereas the chemical analysis of the plant extract was done using GC/MS technique. The functionalized MBGNs showed high loading capacity as compared to non-functionalized MBGNs. The release studies revealed that Boswellia sacra molecules were released via controlled diffusion and led to antibacterial effects against S. aureus (Gram-positive) bacteria. Results of cell culture studies using human osteoblastic-like cells (MG-63) indicated better cell viability of the Boswellia sacra-loaded MBGNs as compared to the unloaded MBGNs. Therefore, the strategy of combining the properties of MBGNs with the therapeutic effects of Boswellia sacra represents a novel, convenient step towards the development of phytotherapeutic-loaded antibacterial, inorganic materials to improve tissue healing and regeneration.
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Seneghini M, Albrich WC. [Non-antibiotic Prophylaxis of Infections]. Praxis (Bern 1994) 2022; 111:463-468. [PMID: 35673840 DOI: 10.1024/1661-8157/a003822] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
Non-antibiotic Prophylaxis of Infections Abstract. The increasing resistance to antibiotics makes the search for non-antibiotic alternatives for the treatment and prevention of - above all - respiratory and urinary tract infections crucial. Potential non-antibiotic approaches include phytopharmaceuticals (Echinacea purpurea, Pelargonium sidoides, cranberry extract), zinc, immunostimulants (OM-85 BV, OM-89), and behavior modifications. Some of these approaches are promising options; however, a high level of evidence is required before specific recommendations for their use can be made.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marco Seneghini
- Klinik für Infektiologie/Spitalhygiene, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Schweiz
| | - Werner C Albrich
- Klinik für Infektiologie/Spitalhygiene, Kantonsspital St. Gallen, St. Gallen, Schweiz
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Barkat MA, Goyal A, Barkat HA, Salauddin M, Pottoo FH, Anwer ET. Herbal Medicine: Clinical Perspective and Regulatory Status. Comb Chem High Throughput Screen 2021; 24:1573-1582. [PMID: 33176638 DOI: 10.2174/1386207323999201110192942] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2020] [Revised: 10/24/2020] [Accepted: 10/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Herbal medicines play an important role in treating various ailments due to their potentially high therapeutic values and acceptability by patients with different health complications. The practice of herbal medicine involves the use of a part of a plant, the entire plant, or a selective isolated phytoconstituent. The search for new drugs during the scientific era revived the interest in the discovery of herbal drugs from different natural resources. The present modern healthcare system involves the utilization of drugs and 50% of them are of natural origin. In recent years, there had been an upsurge in the interest for search of novel herbal drugs by the pharmaceutical industry. However, the discovery of such new novel phytomedicines involves various challenges in the identification of active constituents; their characterization, pharmacological activity, toxicity/adverse effects, drug interactions, and, most importantly, their regulatory requirements. The present review is mainly focused on the history of herbal medicine, current clinical perspective, and pharmaceutical and regulatory challenges facing herbal drugs. Moreover, problems encountered in drug discovery from herbal resources and their possible solutions have been delineated.
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Affiliation(s)
- Md Abul Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Al Jamiah, Hafr Al Batin 39524, Saudi Arabia
| | - Anjali Goyal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, School of Medical & Allied Sciences, K.R. Mangalam University, Gurgaon, Haryana, India
| | - Harshita A Barkat
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, University of Hafr Al Batin, Al Jamiah, Hafr Al Batin 39524,, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohammad Salauddin
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Faheem H Pottoo
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Clinical Pharmacy, Imam Abdulrahman Bin Faisal University P.O.BOX 1982, Dammam 31441, Saudi Arabia
| | - Esra T Anwer
- Department of Pharmaceutics, College of Pharmacy, Tishk International University, Erbil, KRG, Iraq
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Niculet E, Radaschin DS, Nastase F, Draganescu M, Baroiu L, Miulescu M, Arbune M, Tatu AL. Influence of phytochemicals in induced psoriasis (Review). Exp Ther Med 2020; 20:3421-3424. [PMID: 32905089 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2020.9013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/18/2020] [Accepted: 06/17/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Cytokines involved in pathogenesis of psoriasis such as interleukins (IL-1β, IL-6, IL-17, IL-22, IL-23), interferon-α, tumor necrosis factor-α and interferon-γ can also become therapeutic targets. Research currently uses murine models of imiquimod-induced psoriatic-type dermatitis in order to analyze potentially helpful phytotherapeutics for psoriasis treatment: Curcuma longa, Aloe vera, Nigella sativa, Rubia cordifolia, Smilax china, Thespesia populnea, Wrightia tinctoria, Scutellaria baicalensis, Cassia tora, Pongamia pinnata and various Chinese herbal formulas. Psoriasis is a chronic inflammatory disease with complex pathogenic mechanisms that yield abnormal immune responses with clinical and morphological echoes (erythematous, scaly plaques with a histopathological basis made up of alterations i.e. keratinocyte aberrant proliferation, parakeratosis or chronic inflammation). The current therapeutic approach has only been able to manage the disease, without ensuring a certified treatment, thus giving rise to the need for better medications. This novel therapeutic approach has shown promising results in preclinical studies, giving hope for future phytochemical animal-based studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena Niculet
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Department of Pathology, 'Sf. Apostol Andrei' Emergency Clinical Hospital, 800578 Galati, Romania
| | - Diana Sabina Radaschin
- Research Center in the Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Florentina Nastase
- Department of Neuropsychomotor Rehabilitation, 'Sf. Ioan' Emergency Clinical Hospital for Children, 800487 Galati, Romania
| | - Miruna Draganescu
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,First Infectious Diseases Department 'Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
| | - Liliana Baroiu
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,First Infectious Diseases Department 'Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
| | - Magdalena Miulescu
- Department of Morphological and Functional Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania
| | - Manuela Arbune
- Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,First Infectious Diseases Department 'Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
| | - Alin Laurentiu Tatu
- Research Center in the Field of Medical and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Clinical Department, Faculty of Medicine and Pharmacy, 'Dunarea de Jos' University, 800010 Galati, Romania.,Dermatology Department, 'Sf. Cuvioasa Parascheva' Clinical Hospital of Infectious Diseases, 800179 Galati, Romania
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12
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Souza JAS, Alves MM, Barbosa DB, Lopes MM, Pinto E, Figueiral MH, Delbem ACB, Mira NP. Study of the activity of Punica granatum-mediated silver nanoparticles against Candida albicans and Candida glabrata, alone or in combination with azoles or polyenes. Med Mycol 2020; 58:564-567. [PMID: 31509195 DOI: 10.1093/mmy/myz094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/08/2019] [Revised: 08/21/2019] [Accepted: 09/04/2019] [Indexed: 01/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The continuous emergence of Candida strains resistant to currently used antifungals demands the development of new alternatives that could reduce the burden of candidiasis. In this work silver nanoparticles synthesized using a green route are efficiently used, alone or in combination with fluconazole, amphotericin B or nystatine, to inhibit growth of C. albicans and C. glabrata oral clinical strains, including in strains showing resistance to fluconazole. A potent inhibitory effect over biofilm formation prompted by the two Candida species was also observed, including in mature biofilm cells. These results foster the use of phytotherapeutics as effective treatments in oral candidiasis.
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Affiliation(s)
- José António Santos Souza
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Marta M Alves
- Centro de Química Estrutural, Instituto Superior Técnico, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Debora Barros Barbosa
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, Department of Dental Materials and Prosthodontics, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Maria Manuel Lopes
- Faculdade de Farmácia da Universidade de Lisboa, Departamento de Microbiologia e Imunologia, Av. Prof. Gama Pinto, 1649-003 Lisbon
| | - Eugénia Pinto
- Laboratory of Microbiology, Biological Sciences Department, Faculty of Pharmacy of University of Porto, Rua de Jorge Viterbo Ferreira, 228, 4050-313 Porto, Portugal.,Interdisciplinary Centre of Marine and Environmental Research (CIIMAR/CIMAR), University of Porto, Terminal de Cruzeiros do Porto de Leixões, Avenida General Norton de Matos, 4450-208 Matosinhos, Portugal
| | - Maria Helena Figueiral
- Faculty of Dentistry, Porto University, Rua Manuel Pereira da Silva, 4200-392 Porto, Portugal
| | - Alberto Carlos B Delbem
- São Paulo State University (UNESP), School of Dentistry Araçatuba, Department of Pediatric Dentistry and Public Health, Araçatuba, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Nuno Pereira Mira
- iBB, Institute for Bioengineering and Biosciences, Instituto Superior Técnico - Department of Bioengineering, Universidade de Lisboa, Lisbon, Portugal
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13
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Santos LM, Fonseca MS, Sokolonski AR, Deegan KR, Araújo RP, Umsza-Guez MA, Barbosa JD, Portela RD, Machado BA. Propolis: types, composition, biological activities, and veterinary product patent prospecting. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:1369-1382. [PMID: 31487405 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous substance composed of a mixture of different plant parts and molecules secreted by bees. Chemically, it is defined as a complex matrix containing biologically active molecules with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory activities. It is widely employed in cosmetic formulations and pharmaceutical products and is one of the most widely used natural products. However, the effects and strength of these biological activities depend on the chemical profile and composition of each propolis type. This composition is associated with the diversity of local flora, the place and period of collection, and the genetics of the bees. In this context, the objective of this review was to investigate the biological, chemical, and microbiological properties of propolis. A technological prospection was also performed on patents for products designed to be used in animal health. Our investigation shows that the literature contains diverse studies dedicated to comparing and describing the composition and therapeutic properties of propolis. These studies demonstrate the potential biological use of propolis in veterinary medicine, showing the applications of propolis extracts in different formulations. However, there are a low number of propolis-based veterinary products with a registered patent. Thus, the development of products based on propolis is a promising market to be exploited. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laerte M Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maísa S Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ana R Sokolonski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Kathleen R Deegan
- Serviço de Animais Silvestres, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pc Araújo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Umsza-Guez
- Departamento de Biointeração, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josiane Dv Barbosa
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruna As Machado
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
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Alamgeer, Asif H, Sandhu MZA, Aziz M, Irfan HM, Moreno KGT, Junior AG. Ameliorative Effects and Cellular Aspects of Phytoconstituents in Atherosclerosis. Curr Pharm Des 2020; 26:2574-2582. [PMID: 32056518 DOI: 10.2174/1381612826666200214161139] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2019] [Accepted: 01/17/2020] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Atherosclerosis is a cardiovascular disease that involves vessels through the development of fatty streaks and plaques. Plant-based compounds can help treat or prevent atherosclerosis by affecting various factors that are involved in the disease. The present review discusses our current knowledge of the major cellular and molecular mechanisms of phytotherapeutics for the treatment of atherosclerosis. Numerous studies have evaluated the antiatherosclerotic activity of phytoconstituents to provide preliminary evidence of efficacy, but only a few studies have delineated the underlying molecular mechanisms. Plant-derived phytotherapeutics primarily targets abnormal levels of lipoproteins, endothelial dysfunction, smooth muscle cell migration, foam cell development, and atheromatous plaque formation. Nonetheless, the principal mechanisms that are responsible for their therapeutic actions remain unclear. Further pharmacological studies are needed to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms of the antiatherosclerotic response to these phytoconstituents.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alamgeer
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hira Asif
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan,Department of Pharmacy, University of Lahore, Gujrat Campus, Gujrat, Pakistan
| | - Muhammad Z A Sandhu
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Madiha Aziz
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Hafiz M Irfan
- Punjab University College of Pharmacy, University of the Punjab, Lahore, Pakistan
| | - Karyne G T Moreno
- Laboratory of Cardiovascular Research and Integrative Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, University of Sargodha, Sargodha, Pakistan
| | - Arquimedes Gasparotto Junior
- Laboratory of Electrophysiology and Cardiovascular Pharmacology, Faculty of Health Sciences, Federal University of Grande Dourados, Dourados, MS, Brazil
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15
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Labenz C, Madisch A, Labenz J. [Functional dyspepsia in primary care: therapeutic variety or helplessness?]. MMW Fortschr Med 2019; 161:15-19. [PMID: 30895511 DOI: 10.1007/s15006-019-0289-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/21/2019] [Accepted: 01/28/2019] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND About 5% of all GP consultations are made for symptoms of functional dyspepsia. The definition of functional dyspepsia is in a state of flux, pathophysiology is poorly understood, and current diagnostic and therapeutic algorithms are not available. AIM Evaluation of the frequency and the practical procedure in the diagnosis and therapy of functional dyspepsia in German GP surgeries. METHOD Family physicians working in Germany (general practitioners, primary care internists) were contacted via postal survey. The frequency of patients with functional dyspepsia per week, the symptom spectrum complained of and the therapy strategy were inquired. RESULTS Data from 322 doctors from all over Germany could be evaluated. The majority of physicians cared for 6-10 RMS patients per week (44.1%). The most common symptoms reported by patients were postprandial fullness (81.7%), epigastric pain or burning (77.3%) and regurgitation (75.0%). Heartburn (50.0%), nausea/vomiting (42.5%) and premature satiety (15.8%) were reported less frequently. The most commonly prescribed drugs were phytotherapeutics (88.2%), proton-pump inhibitors (PPI, 73.6%) and prokinetics (61.5%). The frequency of prescribing antacids, digestive enzymes of the stomach and pancreas was 10-20%. There was a trend towards symptom-dependent differential therapy: phytotherapeutics and prokinetics in postprandial fullness and premature satiety, PPI in epigastric pain/burning. The treatment failure rate was estimated at 21-40%. For further diagnostics patients are often referred to gastroenterologists and psychotherapists. CONCLUSION Functional dyspepsia is common in primary care practice. Current recommendations for diagnosis and differential therapy are often not implemented. The rate of treatment failure is considerable.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christian Labenz
- I. Medizinische Klinik der Johannes Gutenberg-Universität Mainz, Mainz, Deutschland
| | - Ahmed Madisch
- Klinik für Gastroenterologie, interventionelle Edoskopie, Diabetologie und Akutgeriatrie, Klinikum Siloah, Hannover, Deutschland
| | - Joachim Labenz
- Diakonie Klinikum Jung-Stilling, Wichernstr. 40, 57072, Siegen, Germany.
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Saidi S, Stavridis S, Stankov O, Dohcev S, Panov S. Effects of Serenoa repens Alcohol Extract on Benign Prostate Hyperplasia. Pril (Makedon Akad Nauk Umet Odd Med Nauki) 2017; 38:123-129. [PMID: 28991765 DOI: 10.1515/prilozi-2017-0030] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/15/2022]
Abstract
An increasing tendency has recently emerged for the use of phytotherapeutic agents as alternative to commercial pharmacological agents for the treatment of benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH). The purpose of this study is to evaluate the effects of Serenoa repens alcohol extract treatment on BPH patients' symptoms and major parameters during one-year follow-up. The study was performed on 70 men aged 40 - 79 years (mean 60.58) with symptomatic BPH that were divided into a group of 40 patients treated with Serenoa repens extract (SRT) and a control group of 30 patients that received no treatment and were observed only. The following parameters were determined at the time of diagnosis (baseline), and after 6 and 12 months: prostate size, serum prostate-specific antigen (PSA) and uroflowmetry parameters including maximum flow rate (MFR), average flow rate (AFR) and post-voiding residual volume (PVRV). In addition, the relevant patient symptoms were evaluated using the International Prostate Symptom Score (IPSS) system. The patients in the SRT group showed a statistically significant increment of the average MFR and AFR values and reduction of PV relative to the control group (p<0.05). The significant differences between the proportion of patients with prostate volume >40 ml in the SRE treated group vs. control group was observed (p<0.05). The mean IPSS score was highly significantly reduced in the SRT group (p<0.01). The mild improvements of the urine flow, prostate size and IPSS score during 12 months treatment with the Serenoa repens extract indicate possible efficiency of this phytotherapeutic agent in patients with BPH.
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Abstract
The discovery of bioactive molecules from botanical sources is an expanding field, preferentially oriented to plants having a tradition of use in medicine and providing high yields and availability. Temperate forage legumes are Fabaceae species that include worldwide-important crops. These plants possess therapeutic virtues that have not only been used in veterinary and folk medicine, but have also attracted the interest of official medicine. We have examined here Medicago sativa (alfalfa), Trifolium pratense and T. repens (clovers), Melilotus albus and M. officinalis (sweet clovers), Lotus corniculatus (birdsfoot trefoil), Onobrychis viciifolia (sainfoin), Lespedeza capitata (roundhead lespedeza), and Galega officinalis (goat's rue). The phytochemical complexes of these species contain secondary metabolites whose pharmacological potentials deserve investigation. Major classes of compounds include alkaloids and amines, cyanogenic glycosides, flavonoids, coumarins, condensed tannins, and saponins. Some of these phytochemicals have been related to antihypercholesterolemia, antidiabetic, antimenopause, anti-inflammatory, antiedema, anthelmintic, and kidney protective effects. Two widely prescribed drugs have been developed starting from temperate forage legumes, namely, the antithrombotic warfarin, inspired from sweet clover's coumarin, and the antidiabetic metformin, a derivative of sainfoin's guanidine. Available evidence suggests that temperate forage legumes are a potentially important resource for the extraction of active principles to be used as nutraceuticals and pharmaceuticals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Laura Cornara
- a Dipartimento di Scienze della Terra dell'Ambiente e della Vita , Università degli Studi di Genova , Genova , Italy
| | - Jianbo Xiao
- b Institute of Chinese Medical Sciences, State Key Laboratory of Quality Research in Chinese Medicine, University of Macau , Taipa , Macau.,c College of Food Science, Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University , Fuzhou , Fujian , China
| | - Bruno Burlando
- d Dipartimento di Scienze e Innovazione Tecnologica , Università del Piemonte Orientale , Alessandria , Italy.,e Istituto di Biofisica, Consiglio Nazionale delle Ricerche , Genova , Italy
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18
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Narang JK, Narang RS, Ali J, Baboota S, Nagpal N, Kaur S, Kaur H. Nanoemulsions for Improved Efficacy of Phytotherapeutics- A Patent Perspective. Recent Pat Nanotechnol 2017; 11:194-213. [PMID: 28031010 DOI: 10.2174/1872210510666161228130220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2016] [Revised: 11/11/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Phytoceuticals have been used extensively worldwide due to their reduced toxicity and therapeutic efficacy. The major drawback associated with their delivery which includes lack of sustained action and lipophilicity has been overcome by applications of scientific approach by scientists and researchers. Novel drug delivery systems aimed at enhancing bioavailability, reducing toxicity and in turn improving the patient compliance have been developed with success in recent times. Recent developments in the modern phytopharmaceutical research methods have also solved the major hurdles related to the extraction, identification of constituents in polyherbal systems, and standardisation thereby further facilitating the formulation of improved dosage forms like nanoemulsions with better efficacy of the herbal drugs. METHOD We did extensive literature review, which included an in depth study and collection of both peer reviewed research and review manuscripts as well as patents related to phytonanoemulsions, which were included in the manuscript. RESULTS In this article, an attempt has been made to compile the therapeutic and non therapeutic applications of herbal drugs formulated as nanoemulsions, patented phytonanoemulsions, with a discussion on the toxicity and future aspects of the nanoemulsion based delivery of phytotherapeutics. CONCLUSION The findings of the review confirm that phytonanoemulsions are novel formulations which can be utilized both for therapeutic as well as nontherapeutic applications.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jasjeet K Narang
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar. India
| | - Ramandeep S Narang
- Department of Oral and Maxillofacial Pathology, Sri Guru Ram Das Institute of Dental Sciences and Research, Amritsar. India
| | - Javed Ali
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Sanjula Baboota
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Jamia Hamdard, New Delhi. India
| | - Navneet Nagpal
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar. India
| | - Simrat Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar. India
| | - Harkanwal Kaur
- Department of Pharmaceutics, Khalsa College of Pharmacy, Amritsar. India
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Douros A, Bronder E, Andersohn F, Klimpel A, Kreutz R, Garbe E, Bolbrinker J. Herb-Induced Liver Injury in the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study. Int J Mol Sci. 2016;17:114. [PMID: 26784183 PMCID: PMC4730355 DOI: 10.3390/ijms17010114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/17/2015] [Revised: 01/08/2016] [Accepted: 01/12/2016] [Indexed: 12/20/2022] Open
Abstract
Herb-induced liver injury (HILI) has recently attracted attention due to increasing reports of hepatotoxicity associated with use of phytotherapeutics. Here, we present data on HILI from the Berlin Case-Control Surveillance Study. The study was initiated in 2000 to investigate the serious toxicity of drugs including herbal medicines. Potential cases of liver injury were ascertained in more than 180 Departments of all 51 Berlin hospitals from October 2002 to December 2011. Drug or herb intake was assessed through a standardized face-to-face interview. Drug or herbal aetiology was assessed based on the updated Council for International Organizations of Medical Sciences scale. In ten of all 198 cases of hepatotoxicity included in the study, herbal aetiology was assessed as probable (once ayurvedic herb) or possible (Valeriana five times, Mentha piperita once, Pelargonium sidoides once, Hypericum perforatum once, Eucalyptus globulus once). Mean age was 56.4 ± 9.7 years, and the predominant pattern of liver injury was hepatocellular. No cases of acute liver failure or death were observed. This case series corroborates known risks for ayurvedic herbs, supports the suspected association between Valeriana use and liver injury, and indicates a hepatotoxic potential for herbs such as Pelargonium sidoides, Hypericum perforatum or Mentha piperita that were rarely associated with liver injury before. However, given that possible causality does not prove clinical significance, further studies in this field are needed.
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Sales DS, Carmona F, de Azevedo BC, Taleb-Contini SH, Bartolomeu ACD, Honorato FB, Martinez EZ, Pereira AMS. Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. as an adjuvant treatment for type-2 diabetes mellitus: a non-controlled, pilot study. Phytother Res 2014; 28:1816-21. [PMID: 25132112 DOI: 10.1002/ptr.5206] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2014] [Revised: 06/17/2014] [Accepted: 07/05/2014] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Type-2 diabetes mellitus (DM) is a highly prevalent disease with significant morbidity and mortality around the world. However, there is no universally effective treatment, because response to different treatment regimens can vary widely among patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate whether the use of the powdered dried leaves of Eugenia punicifolia (Kunth) DC. (Myrtaceae) is effective as an adjuvant to the treatment of patients with type-2 DM. Fifteen patients were enrolled in a pilot, non-controlled study, and received E. punicifolia for 3 months. After treatment, we observed a significant decrease in glycosylated hemoglobin, basal insulin, thyroid-stimulating hormone, C-reactive protein, and both systolic and diastolic blood pressure. There were no changes in fasting and postprandial glycemia. The compounds myricetin-3-O-rhamnoside, quercetin-3-O-galactoside, quercetin-3-O-xyloside, quercetin-3-O-rhamnoside, kaempferol-3-O-rhamnoside, phytol, gallic acid, and trans-caryophyllene present in the powdered dried leaves of E. punicifolia may be responsible for the therapeutic effect. In conclusion, the powdered leaves of E. punicifolia are promising as an adjuvant in the treatment of type-2 DM and deserve further investigation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Débora Simone Sales
- Ribeirão Preto Medical School, University of São Paulo, Avenida dos Bandeirantes, 3900, Monte Alegre, Ribeirão Preto, São Paulo, 14049-900, Brazil
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