1
|
HipÓlito J, Diele-Viegas LM, Cordeiro TÁEF, Sales LP, Medeiros A, Deegan KR, Leite L. Unwrapping the long-term impacts of COVID-19 pandemic on Brazilian academic mothers: the urgency of short, medium, and long-term measures. AN ACAD BRAS CIENC 2020; 92:e20201292. [PMID: 33146238 DOI: 10.1590/0001-3765202020201292] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 09/10/2020] [Indexed: 11/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Since the beginning of the COVID-19 pandemic, publications have highlighted the disproportionate impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on academic mothers, mostly focusing on the impact of social distancing and quarantine. A few months later, despite the lack of effective vaccines or therapeutics in sight, many economic activities are being resumed. Nurseries and schools are expected to be among the latest to reopen, which will amplify the impacts of the pandemic on academic mothers. In this letter, we unwrap the pandemic impacts on academic mothers and describe a set of specific short-, medium- and long-term policies that, if implemented, could reduce setbacks for gender equality during the pandemic and can help to level the playing field for academic mothers.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Juliana HipÓlito
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,National Institute for Research in the Amazon (INPA), Coordination of Research in Biodiversity - COBIO, 2936 André Araújo Ave, Petrópolis, 69067-375 Manaus, AM, Brazil
| | - Luisa M Diele-Viegas
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Biology Department, University of Maryland, 4094 Campus Dr, 20742 , College Park, MD, U.S.A
| | - TÁbata E F Cordeiro
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,University of São Paulo, School of Philosophy, Sciences and Literature, 717 Lago St, Butantã, 05508-080 São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Lilian P Sales
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,University of Campinas, Department of Animal Biology, Institute of Biology, 255 Monteiro Lobato St, 13083-862 Campinas, SP, Brazil
| | - Adriana Medeiros
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Environmental Microbiology Laboratory, Biology Institute, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Kathleen R Deegan
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Veterinarian Medicine Hospital, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| | - Luciana Leite
- Kunhã Asé Network of Women in Science, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil.,Federal University of Bahia, Post graduate program in Ecology, Biology Institute, Adhemar de Barros Ave, Ondina, 40170-110 Salvador, BA, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Santos LM, Fonseca MS, Sokolonski AR, Deegan KR, Araújo RP, Umsza-Guez MA, Barbosa JD, Portela RD, Machado BA. Propolis: types, composition, biological activities, and veterinary product patent prospecting. J Sci Food Agric 2020; 100:1369-1382. [PMID: 31487405 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.10024] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [What about the content of this article? (0)] [Affiliation(s)] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/09/2019] [Revised: 08/27/2019] [Accepted: 09/02/2019] [Indexed: 06/10/2023]
Abstract
Propolis is a resinous substance composed of a mixture of different plant parts and molecules secreted by bees. Chemically, it is defined as a complex matrix containing biologically active molecules with antibacterial, antifungal, antiviral, antiparasitic, hepatoprotective, and immunomodulatory activities. It is widely employed in cosmetic formulations and pharmaceutical products and is one of the most widely used natural products. However, the effects and strength of these biological activities depend on the chemical profile and composition of each propolis type. This composition is associated with the diversity of local flora, the place and period of collection, and the genetics of the bees. In this context, the objective of this review was to investigate the biological, chemical, and microbiological properties of propolis. A technological prospection was also performed on patents for products designed to be used in animal health. Our investigation shows that the literature contains diverse studies dedicated to comparing and describing the composition and therapeutic properties of propolis. These studies demonstrate the potential biological use of propolis in veterinary medicine, showing the applications of propolis extracts in different formulations. However, there are a low number of propolis-based veterinary products with a registered patent. Thus, the development of products based on propolis is a promising market to be exploited. © 2019 Society of Chemical Industry.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Laerte M Santos
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Maísa S Fonseca
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ana R Sokolonski
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Kathleen R Deegan
- Serviço de Animais Silvestres, Escola de Medicina Veterinária e Zootecnia, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Roberto Pc Araújo
- Programa de Pós-graduação em Processos Interativos de Órgãos e Sistemas, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Marcelo A Umsza-Guez
- Departamento de Biointeração, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Josiane Dv Barbosa
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Ricardo D Portela
- Laboratório de Imunologia e Biologia Molecular, Instituto de Ciências da Saúde, Universidade Federal da Bahia, Salvador, Brazil
| | - Bruna As Machado
- Instituto de Tecnologias da Saúde, Centro Universitário SENAI CIMATEC, Salvador, Brazil
| |
Collapse
|